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Tang T, Kang P, Verisqa F, Nguyen L, Knowles JC. Zinc phosphate glass microspheres promoted mineralization and expression of BMP2 in MC3T3-E1 cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024. [PMID: 39087511 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Degradable phosphate glasses have shown favorable properties for tissue engineering. By changing the composition of the glasses, the degradation rate, and ion release are controllable. Zinc oxide can function as a glass network modifier and has been shown to play a positive role in bone formation. Also, phosphate glasses can easily be processed into microspheres, which can be used as microcarriers. This study aims to develop zinc phosphate glasses microspheres and explore the optimized size and composition for applications in bone tissue engineering. Zinc-titanium-calcium-sodium phosphate glasses with 0, 1, 3, 5, or 10 mol % zinc oxide were prepared and processed into microspheres. The smaller microspheres ranged in size from 50 to 106 μm, while the larger ones ranged from 106 to 150 μm. The characteristics of glasses were examined. The osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1 was cultured on the surface of microspheres and the cell viability was examined. To evaluate osteogenic differentiation, Alizarin Red S staining, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis were performed after 14 days. Different sizes of zinc phosphate glass microspheres were successfully made. The glass microspheres with <10 mol % zinc oxide were able to support the adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cell lines. The relative gene expression of BMP2 was significantly upregulated in the smaller glass microspheres containing 3 mol % zinc oxide (26-fold, p < .001) and both sizes of microspheres containing 5 mol % zinc oxide (smaller: 27-fold, p < .001; larger: 35-fold, p < .001). Additionally, cluster formation was observed in glass microspheres after 14 days, and the mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cell lines was promoted. Based on these findings, the glass microspheres containing 3-5 mol % of zinc oxide can promote osteogenic differentiation for MC3T3-E1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Tang
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Ping Kang
- Department of Inflammation, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Fiona Verisqa
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Linh Nguyen
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jonathan C Knowles
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
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Hoxha A, Nikolaou A, Wilkinson HN, Hardman MJ, Gutierrez-Merino J, Felipe-Sotelo M, Carta D. Wound Healing Promotion via Release of Therapeutic Metallic Ions from Phosphate Glass Fibers: An In Vitro and Ex Vivo Study. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:37669-37682. [PMID: 39010729 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Biomaterials capable of promoting wound healing and preventing infections remain in great demand to address the global unmet need for the treatment of chronic wounds. Phosphate-based glasses (PG) have shown potential as bioresorbable materials capable of inducing tissue regeneration, while being replaced by regenerated tissue and releasing therapeutic species. In this work, phosphate-glass-based fibers (PGF) in the system P2O5-CaO-Na2O added with 1, 2, 4, 6, and 10 mol % of the therapeutic metallic ions (TMI) Ag+, Zn2+, and Fe3+ were manufactured via electrospinning of coacervate gels. Coacervation is a sustainable, cost-effective, water-based method to produce PG. All TMI are effective in promoting wound closure (re-epithelialization) in living human skin ex vivo, where the best-performing system is PGF containing Ag+. In particular, PGF with ≥4 mol % of Ag+ is capable of promoting 84% wound closure over 48 h. These results are confirmed by scratch test migration assays, with the PGF-Ag systems containing ≥6 mol % of Ag+, demonstrating significant wound closure enhancement (up to 72%) after 24 h. The PGF-Ag systems are also the most effective in terms of antibacterial activity against both the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and the Gram-negative Escherichia coli. PGF doped with Zn2+ shows antibacterial activity only against S. aureus in the systems containing Zn2+ ≥ 10 mol %. In addition, PGF doped with Fe3+ rapidly accelerates ex vivo healing in patient chronic wound skin (>30% in 48 h), demonstrating the utility of doped PGF as a potential therapeutic strategy to treat chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agron Hoxha
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
| | - Athanasios Nikolaou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
| | - Holly N Wilkinson
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, U.K
- Skin Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Matthew J Hardman
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, U.K
- Skin Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | | | - Monica Felipe-Sotelo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
| | - Daniela Carta
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, U.K
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Tang T, Wandless R, Keskin-Erdogan Z, Mandakhbayar NE, Park JH, Kim HW, Abramchuk M, Daltoe FP, Knowles JC. Titanium-doped phosphate glasses containing zinc and strontium applied in bone regeneration. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2024; 35:33. [PMID: 38900208 PMCID: PMC11189983 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-024-06804-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Phosphate bioactive glass has been studied for its advanced biodegradability and active ion release capability. Our previous research found that phosphate glass containing (P2O5)-(Na2O)-(TiO2)-(CaO)-(SrO) or (ZnO) showed good biocompatibility with MG63 and hMSCs. This study further investigated the application of 5 mol% zinc oxide or 17.5 mol% strontium oxide in titanium-doped phosphate glass for bone tissue engineering. Ti-Ca-Na-Phosphate glasses, incorporating 5% zinc oxide or 17.5% strontium oxide, were made with melting quenching technology. The pre-osteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1 was cultured for indirect contact tests with graded diluted phosphate glass extractions and for direct contact tests by seeding cells on glass disks. The cell viability and cytotoxicity were analysed in vitro over 7 days. In vivo studies utilized the tibial defect model with or without glass implants. The micro-CT analysis was performed after surgery and then at 2, 6, and 12 weeks. Extractions from both zinc and strontium phosphate glasses showed no negative impact on MC3T3-E1 cell viability. Notably, non-diluted Zn-Ti-Ca-Na-phosphate glass extracts significantly increased cell viability by 116.8% (P < 0.01). Furthermore, MC3T3-E1 cells cultured with phosphate glass disks exhibited no increase in LDH release compared with the control group. Micro-CT images revealed that, over 12 weeks, both zinc-doped and strontium-doped phosphate glasses demonstrated good bone incorporation and longevity compared to the no-implant control. Titanium-doped phosphate glasses containing 5 mol% zinc oxide, or 17.5 mol% strontium oxide have promising application potential for bone regeneration research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Tang
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Rachel Wandless
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Zalike Keskin-Erdogan
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London, SW72AZ, UK
| | - Nandin-Erdene Mandakhbayar
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Jeong-Hui Park
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
| | - Morgana Abramchuk
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88040-370, Brazil
| | - Felipe P Daltoe
- Department of Pathology, Federal University os Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, 88040-370, Brazil
| | - Jonathan C Knowles
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea.
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Sheela S, AlGhalban FM, Ahmed I, Abou Neel EA. In vitro immunomodulatory effect of solid versus porous phosphate-based glass microspheres using macrophages. Heliyon 2023; 9:e23059. [PMID: 38149183 PMCID: PMC10750036 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of two different forms of phosphate-based glass microspheres (solid and porous), on human macrophages. Human THP-1 monocytes were converted to M0 macrophages after being treated with 100 ng/mL phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate for 48 h. The differentiated cells were analysed for the CD14 marker using flow cytometry. The adhesion, spreading, and viability of M0 macrophages grown directly or indirectly (extracts) at varying concentrations of solid and porous glass microspheres (GMs) were analysed via phase contrast microscopy, confocal microscopy, and XTT assay. The expression of IL-8, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IL-12p70 cytokines was investigated using flow cytometry. The conversion to M0 macrophages was confirmed by their adherent nature, increased granularity, and CD14 expression. The results showed that both solid and porous GMs or extracts favored the attachment, spreading, and proliferation of macrophages in a comparable manner to cells grown in a normal tissue culture medium. Only the higher concentration of porous GMs (10 mg/mL) changed the morphology of M0 macrophages and increased the expression of IL-1β and IL-8 pro-inflammatory cytokines; this could be related to the fast degradation nature of porous GMs. Of the six cytokines analysed, M0 macrophages grown directly or indirectly with GMs only expressed IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-8. Accordingly, solid microspheres may have advantages as regenerative agents due to their controlled degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Sheela
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatma Mousa AlGhalban
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ifty Ahmed
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Ensanya A. Abou Neel
- Preventive and Restorative Dentistry Department, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London, United Kingdom
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Milborne B, Murrell L, Cardillo-Zallo I, Titman J, Briggs L, Scotchford C, Thompson A, Layfield R, Ahmed I. Developing Porous Ortho- and Pyrophosphate-Containing Glass Microspheres; Structural and Cytocompatibility Characterisation. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:611. [PMID: 36354522 PMCID: PMC9687370 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9110611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Phosphate-based glasses (PBGs) are promising materials for bone repair and regeneration as they can be formulated to be compositionally similar to the inorganic components of bone. Alterations to the PBG formulation can be used to tailor their degradation rates and subsequent release of biotherapeutic ions to induce cellular responses, such as osteogenesis. In this work, novel invert-PBGs in the series xP2O5·(56 - x)CaO·24MgO·20Na2O (mol%), where x is 40, 35, 32.5 and 30 were formulated to contain pyro (Q1) and orthophosphate (Q0) species. These PBGs were processed into highly porous microspheres (PMS) via flame spheroidisation, with ~68% to 75% porosity levels. Compositional and structural analysis using EDX and 31P-MAS NMR revealed that significant depolymerisation occurred with reducing phosphate content which increased further when PBGs were processed into PMS. A decrease from 50% to 0% in Q2 species and an increase from 6% to 35% in Q0 species was observed for the PMS when the phosphate content decreased from 40 to 30 mol%. Ion release studies also revealed up to a four-fold decrease in cations and an eight-fold decrease in phosphate anions released with decreasing phosphate content. In vitro bioactivity studies revealed that the orthophosphate-rich PMS had favourable bioactivity responses after 28 days of immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF). Indirect and direct cell culture studies confirmed that the PMS were cytocompatible and supported cell growth and proliferation over 7 days of culture. The P30 PMS with ~65% pyro and ~35% ortho phosphate content revealed the most favourable properties and is suggested to be highly suitable for bone repair and regeneration, especially for orthobiologic applications owing to their highly porous morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Milborne
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Lauren Murrell
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | - Jeremy Titman
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Louise Briggs
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Colin Scotchford
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Alexander Thompson
- Biodiscovery Institute, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Robert Layfield
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Ifty Ahmed
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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Gupta D, Hossain KMZ, Roe M, Smith EF, Ahmed I, Sottile V, Grant DM. Long-Term Culture of Stem Cells on Phosphate-Based Glass Microspheres: Synergistic Role of Chemical Formulation and 3D Architecture. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:5987-6004. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dhanak Gupta
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling (STEM), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Kazi M. Zakir Hossain
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Martin Roe
- Nanoscale & Microscale Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Emily F. Smith
- Nanoscale & Microscale Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Ifty Ahmed
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Virginie Sottile
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling (STEM), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - David M. Grant
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
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Zheng K, Sui B, Ilyas K, Boccaccini AR. Porous bioactive glass micro- and nanospheres with controlled morphology: developments, properties and emerging biomedical applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:300-335. [PMID: 34821257 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01498b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, porous bioactive glass micro/nanospheres (PBGSs) have emerged as attractive biomaterials in various biomedical applications where such engineered particles provide suitable functions, from tissue engineering to drug delivery. The design and synthesis of PBGSs with controllable particle size and pore structure are critical for such applications. PBGSs have been successfully synthesized using melt-quenching and sol-gel based methods. The morphology of PBGSs is controllable by tuning the processing parameters and precursor characteristics during the synthesis. In this comprehensive review on PBGSs, we first overview the synthesis approaches for PBGSs, including both melt-quenching and sol-gel based strategies. Sol-gel processing is the primary technology used to produce PBGSs, allowing for control over the chemical compositions and pore structure of particles. Particularly, the influence of pore-forming templates on the morphology of PBGSs is highlighted. Recent progress in the sol-gel synthesis of PBGSs with sophisticated pore structures (e.g., hollow mesoporous, dendritic fibrous mesoporous) is also covered. The challenges regarding the control of particle morphology, including the influence of metal ion precursors and pore expansion, are discussed in detail. We also highlight the recent achievements of PBGSs in a number of biomedical applications, including bone tissue regeneration, wound healing, therapeutic agent delivery, bioimaging, and cancer therapy. Finally, we conclude with our perspectives on the directions of future research based on identified challenges and potential new developments and applications of PBGSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zheng
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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Abou Neel EA, Kiani A, Valappil SP, Mordan NM, Baek S, Zakir Hossain KM, Felfel RM, Ahmed I, Divakarl K, Chrzanowski W, Knowles JC. Glass microparticle‐ versus microsphere‐filled experimental dental adhesives. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ensanya A. Abou Neel
- Division of Biomaterials, Restorative Dentistry DepartmentKing Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of DentistryTanta University Tanta Egypt
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering DivisionUCL, Eastman Dental Institute 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD United Kingdom
| | - Azadeh Kiani
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering DivisionUCL, Eastman Dental Institute 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD United Kingdom
| | - Sabeel P. Valappil
- Department of Health Services Research and School of DentistryUniversity of Liverpool Research Wing, Daulby Street, Liverpool L69 3GN United Kingdom
| | - Nicky M. Mordan
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering DivisionUCL, Eastman Dental Institute 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD United Kingdom
| | - Song‐Yi Baek
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering DivisionUCL, Eastman Dental Institute 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD United Kingdom
| | - Kazi M. Zakir Hossain
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Bath Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY United Kingdom
| | - Reda M. Felfel
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham United Kingdom
- Physics Department, Faculty of ScienceMansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt
| | - Ifty Ahmed
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham United Kingdom
| | - Kamini Divakarl
- The Australian Institute for Nanoscale Science and TechnologyThe University of Sydney NSW 2006 Sydney Australia
| | - Wojciech Chrzanowski
- The Australian Institute for Nanoscale Science and TechnologyThe University of Sydney NSW 2006 Sydney Australia
| | - Jonathan C. Knowles
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering DivisionUCL, Eastman Dental Institute 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD United Kingdom
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision MedicineUCL Campus London United Kingdom
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative MedicineDankook University Cheonan 31114 Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman‐Korea Dental Medicine Innovation CentreDankook University Cheonan 31114 Republic of Korea
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Murray J, Simonelli M, Speidel A, Grant D, Clare A. Spheroidisation of metal powder by pulsed electron beam irradiation. POWDER TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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McLaren JS, Macri-Pellizzeri L, Hossain KMZ, Patel U, Grant DM, Scammell BE, Ahmed I, Sottile V. Porous Phosphate-Based Glass Microspheres Show Biocompatibility, Tissue Infiltration, and Osteogenic Onset in an Ovine Bone Defect Model. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:15436-15446. [PMID: 30990301 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate-based glasses (PBGs) are bioactive and fully degradable materials with tailorable degradation rates. PBGs can be produced as porous microspheres through a single-step process, using changes in their formulation and geometry to produce varying pore sizes and interconnectivity for use in a range of applications, including biomedical use. Calcium phosphate PBGs have recently been proposed as orthobiologics, based on their in vitro cytocompatibility and ion release profile. In this study, porous microspheres made of two PBG formulations either containing TiO2 (P40Ti) or without (P40) were implanted in vivo in a large animal model of bone defect. The biocompatibility and osteogenic potential of these porous materials were assessed 13 weeks postimplantation in sheep and compared to empty defects and autologous bone grafts used as negative and positive controls. Histological analysis showed marked differences between the two formulations, as lower trabeculae-like interconnection and higher fatty bone marrow content were observed in the faster degrading P40-implanted defects, while the slower degrading P40Ti material promoted dense interconnected tissue. Autologous bone marrow concentrate (BMC) was also incorporated within the P40 and P40Ti microspheres in some defects; however, no significant differences were observed in comparison to microspheres implanted alone. Both formulations induced the formation of a collagen-enriched matrix, from 20 to 40% for P40 and P40Ti2.5 groups, suggesting commitment toward the bone lineage. With the faster degrading P40 formulation, mineralization of the tissue matrix was observed both with and without BMC. Some lymphocyte-like cells and foreign body multinucleated giant cells were observed with P40Ti2.5, suggesting that this more durable formulation might be linked to an inflammatory response. In conclusion, these first in vivo results indicate that PBG microspheres could be useful candidates for bone repair and regenerative medicine strategies and highlight the role of material degradation in the process of tissue formation and maturation.
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