1
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Hwang JD, Lee YH. Studies of NiO/Ag/NiO transparent conducting electrodes on NiO and ZnO Schottky diodes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:20807-20813. [PMID: 39044484 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02349h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
A nickel oxide (NiO)/silver (Ag)/NiO (NAN) transparent conducting electrode (TCE) was deposited on NiO and zinc oxide (ZnO) to fabricate Schottky diodes (SDs). The physical and electrical properties of NAN/NiO and NAN/ZnO SDs were studied. In addition, conventional Au/ZnO SDs were fabricated for comparison. The prepared NAN TCE was of n-type, with more than 40% transmittance and a low sheet resistance of 6.5 Ω sq.-1, indicating that NAN is an exceptional TCE. Secondary ion mass spectrometry revealed that Ag atoms diffused into NiO and ZnO in the NAN/NiO and NAN/ZnO SDs, respectively. Owing to the large number of defects on the ZnO surface, the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of the Au/ZnO SDs followed a linear curve. However, the reduced number of defects and a large barrier height at the NAN/ZnO interface led to a rectifying I-V curve in NAN/ZnO SDs. In contrast, a near homojunction at the NAN/NiO interface caused a linear I-V curve and a large leakage current in NAN/NiO SDs. These issues resulted in a lower ideality factor (5.32) in NAN/ZnO SDs than that in NAN/NiO SDs (15.14). The NAN/ZnO SDs exhibited a higher barrier height (0.91 eV) than the NAN/NiO SDs (0.55 eV). The mechanism of carrier transport was investigated using a ln(I) versus ln(V) plot. The NAN/NiO SDs only exhibited one region of ohmic conduction. However, two distinct regions were observed in the NAN/ZnO SDs. For V ≤ 0.7 V, the space-charge-limited current dominated; however, the diffusion-recombination model controlled carrier transport at V ≥ 0.7 V. Band diagrams were proposed to elucidate the carrier transport mechanism in NAN/NiO and NAN/ZnO SDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Dar Hwang
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiayi University, No. 300 Syuefu Rd., Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Hsi Lee
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiayi University, No. 300 Syuefu Rd., Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan.
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2
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Ramanujam R, Hsu HL, Shi ZE, Lung CY, Lee CH, Wubie GZ, Chen CP, Sun SS. Interfacial Layer Materials with a Truxene Core for Dopant-Free NiO x-Based Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310939. [PMID: 38453670 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Nickel oxide (NiOx) is commonly used as a holetransporting material (HTM) in p-i-n perovskite solar cells. However, the weak chemical interaction between the NiOx and CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) interface results in poor crystallinity, ineffective hole extraction, and enhanced carrier recombination, which are the leading causes for the limited stability and power conversion efficiency (PCE). Herein, two HTMs, TRUX-D1 (N2,N7,N12-tris(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-5,5,10,10,15,15-hexaheptyl-N2,N7,N12-tris(4-methoxyphenyl)-10,15-dihydro-5H-diindeno[1,2-a:1',2'-c]fluorene-2,7,12-triamine) and TRUX-D2 (5,5,10,10,15,15-hexaheptyl-N2,N7,N12-tris(4-methoxyphenyl)-N2,N7,N12-tris(10-methyl-10H-phenothiazin-3-yl)-10,15-dihydro-5H-diindeno[1,2-a:1',2'-c]fluorene-2,7,12-triamine), are designed with a rigid planar C3 symmetry truxene core integrated with electron-donating amino groups at peripheral positions. The TRUX-D molecules are employed as effective interfacial layer (IFL) materials between the NiOx and MAPbI3 interface. The incorporation of truxene-based IFLs improves the quality of perovskite crystallinity, minimizes nonradiative recombination, and accelerates charge extraction which has been confirmed by various characterization techniques. As a result, the TRUX-D1 exhibits a maximum PCE of up to 20.8% with an impressive long-term stability. The unencapsulated device retains 98% of their initial performance following 210 days of aging in a glove box and 75.5% for the device after 80 days under ambient air condition with humidity over 40% at 25 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajarathinam Ramanujam
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, ROC
- Taiwan International Graduate Program, Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30050, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiang-Lin Hsu
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84 Gunjuan Road, Taishan, New Taipei City, 24301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Zhong-En Shi
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84 Gunjuan Road, Taishan, New Taipei City, 24301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chien-Yu Lung
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84 Gunjuan Road, Taishan, New Taipei City, 24301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chin-Han Lee
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | - Chih-Ping Chen
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84 Gunjuan Road, Taishan, New Taipei City, 24301, Taiwan, ROC
- College of Engineering and Center for Sustainability and Energy Technologies, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Sheng Sun
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, ROC
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3
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Wan H, Jung ED, Zhu T, Park SM, Pina JM, Xia P, Bertens K, Wang YK, Atan O, Chen H, Hou Y, Lee S, Won YH, Kim KH, Hoogland S, Sargent EH. Nickel Oxide Hole Injection Layers for Balanced Charge Injection in Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2402371. [PMID: 38597692 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Quantum dot (QD) light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) are promising for next-generation displays, but suffer from carrier imbalance arising from lower hole injection compared to electron injection. A defect engineering strategy is reported to tackle transport limitations in nickel oxide-based inorganic hole-injection layers (HILs) and find that hole injection is able to enhance in high-performance InP QLEDs using the newly designed material. Through optoelectronic simulations, how the electronic properties of NiOx affect hole injection efficiency into an InP QD layer, finding that efficient hole injection depends on lowering the hole injection barrier and enhancing the acceptor density of NiOx is explored. Li doping and oxygen enriching are identified as effective strategies to control intrinsic and extrinsic defects in NiOx, thereby increasing acceptor density, as evidenced by density functional theory calculations and experimental validation. With fine-tuned inorganic HIL, InP QLEDs exhibit a luminance of 45 200 cd m-2 and an external quantum efficiency of 19.9%, surpassing previous inorganic HIL-based QLEDs. This study provides a path to designing inorganic materials for more efficient and sustainable lighting and display technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Wan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Eui Dae Jung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Tong Zhu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - So Min Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Joao M Pina
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Pan Xia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Koen Bertens
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Ya-Kun Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Ozan Atan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Haijie Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yi Hou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yu-Ho Won
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics, Suwon, 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hee Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics, Suwon, 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Sjoerd Hoogland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
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4
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Su J, Zheng G, Chen B, Dong P, Ma B, Yao D, Tian N, Peng Y, Wang J, Long F. Evaporated Nickel Oxide Films with Slow Annealing and Interface Modification for Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38662416 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Electron-beam-evaporated nickel oxide (NiOx) films are known for their high quality, precise control, and suitability for complex structures in perovskite (PVK) solar cells (PSCs). However, untreated NiOx films have inherent challenges, such as surface defects, relatively low intrinsic conductivity, and shallow valence band maximum, which seriously restrict the efficiency and stability of the devices. To address these challenges, we employ a dual coordination optimization strategy. The strategy includes low heating rate annealing of NiOx films and using an aminoguanidine nitrate spin coating process on the surfaces of NiOx films to strategically modify NiOx films itself and the interface of NiOx/PVK. Under the synergistic effect of this dual optimization method, the quality of the films is significantly improved and its p-type characteristics are enhanced. At the same time, the interface defects and energy level alignment of the films are effectively improved, and the charge extraction ability at the interface is improved. The combined treatment significantly improved the efficiency of inverted PSCs, from 17.85% to 20.31%, and enhanced device stability under various conditions. This innovative dual-coordinated optimization strategy provides a clear and effective framework for improving the performance of NiOx films and inverted PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Guoyuan Zheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Bitao Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Pengpeng Dong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Disheng Yao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Nan Tian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Yong Peng
- State Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jilin Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Fei Long
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Material and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Guilin University of Technology, 12 Jiangan Road Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
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5
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Mohamad IS, Doroody C, Alkharasani WM, Norizan MN, Chelvanathan P, Shahahmadi SA, Amin N. Elucidating the Effects of Interconnecting Layer Thickness and Bandgap Variations on the Performance of Monolithic Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cell by wxAMPS. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16114106. [PMID: 37297240 DOI: 10.3390/ma16114106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the pathways for integration of perovskite and silicon solar cells through variation of the properties of the interconnecting layer (ICL). The user-friendly computer simulation software wxAMPS was used to conduct the investigation. The simulation started with numerical inspection of the individual single junction sub-cell, and this was followed by performing an electrical and optical evaluation of monolithic 2T tandem PSC/Si, with variation of the thickness and bandgap of the interconnecting layer. The electrical performance of the monolithic crystalline silicon and CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite tandem configuration was observed to be the best with the insertion of a 50 nm thick (Eg ≥ 2.25 eV) interconnecting layer, which directly contributed to the optimum optical absorption coverage. These design parameters improved the optical absorption and current matching, while also enhancing the electrical performance of the tandem solar cell, which benefited the photovoltaic aspects through lowering the parasitic loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ili Salwani Mohamad
- College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
- Faculty of Electronic Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau 02600, Malaysia
| | - Camellia Doroody
- College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
| | | | - Mohd Natashah Norizan
- Faculty of Electronic Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau 02600, Malaysia
- Geopolymer and Green Technology, Centre of Excellent (CEGeoGTech), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau 02600, Malaysia
| | | | - Seyed Ahmad Shahahmadi
- Engineered Nanosystems Group, School of Science, Aalto University, Tietotie 1, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Nowshad Amin
- College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
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6
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Lian Q, Wang P, Wang G, Zhang X, Huang Y, Li D, Mi G, Shi R, Amini A, Zhang L, Cheng C. Doping Free and Amorphous NiO x Film via UV Irradiation for Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201543. [PMID: 35481699 PMCID: PMC9218651 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High crystallization and conductivity are always required for inorganic carrier transport materials for cheap and high-performance inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). High temperature and external doping are inevitably introduced and thus greatly hamper the applications of inorganic materials for mass production of flexible and tandem devices. Here, an amorphous and dopant-free inorganic material, Ni3+ -rich NiOx , is reported to be fabricated by a novel UV irradiation strategy, which is facile, easily scaled-up, and energy-saving because all the processing temperatures are below 82 ℃. The as-prepared NiOx film shows highly improved conductivity and hole extraction ability. The rigid and flexible PSCs present the champion efficiencies of 22.45% and 19.7%, respectively. This work fills the gap of preparing metal oxide films at the temperature below 150 °C for inverted PSCs with the high efficiency of >22%. More importantly, this work upgrades the substantial understanding about inorganic materials to function well as efficient carrier transport layers without external doping and high crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lian
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong Province518055China
| | - Peng‐lai Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200062China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong Province518055China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong Province518055China
| | - Yulan Huang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong Province518055China
| | - Dongyang Li
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong Province518055China
| | - Guojun Mi
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong Province518055China
| | - Run Shi
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong Province518055China
| | - Abbas Amini
- Center for Infrastructure EngineeringWestern Sydney UniversityKingswoodNSW2751Australia
| | - Liang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200062China
| | - Chun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong Province518055China
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7
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Zhang F, Zhou Z, Zou C, Liu X, Xie J, Liu D, Yang S, Hou Y, Yang HG. A Self‐Formed Stable PbI
2
/NiO
x
Interface with Increased Ni
3+
Centers for Perovskite Photovoltaics. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200202. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Ziren Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Can Zou
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Jin Xie
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Da Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Yu Hou
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of East China University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518057 P. R. China
| | - Hua Gui Yang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
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8
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Shakir S, Tahir M, Rehman HMAU, Khoja AH, Anwar M, Mansoor A, Abbas F. Praseodymium Doped Nickel Oxide as Hole-Transport Layer for Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells. SSRN ELECTRONIC JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4048778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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9
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Han GS, Jung HS, Park NG. Recent cutting-edge strategies for flexible perovskite solar cells toward commercialization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11604-11612. [PMID: 34642707 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03854k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Flexible perovskite solar cells (f-PSCs) have attracted tremendous attention as a self-power supply for various electronic devices that require high power, various form-factors, and a light-weight power supply. In addition, many studies have investigated scalable and continuous roll-to-roll (R2R) processes, with the aim of mass production and commercialization of f-PSCs. In this review, we focus on the strategies developed in the last three years toward commercialization of high-efficiency, lightweight and ultra-flexible, and reliable perovskite solar modules (f-PSMs). Furthermore, the research perspectives of f-PSCs regarding their future development are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gill Sang Han
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nam-Gyu Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, Center for Antibonding Regulated Crystals, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Coloration–decoloration properties and mechanisms of nickel oxide films. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.138624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Arumugam GM, Karunakaran SK, Liu C, Zhang C, Guo F, Wu S, Mai Y. Inorganic hole transport layers in inverted perovskite solar cells: A review. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gowri Manohari Arumugam
- Institute of New Energy Technology College of Information Science and Technology Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
| | - Santhosh Kumar Karunakaran
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
| | - Chong Liu
- Institute of New Energy Technology College of Information Science and Technology Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
| | - Cuiling Zhang
- Institute of New Energy Technology College of Information Science and Technology Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
| | - Fei Guo
- Institute of New Energy Technology College of Information Science and Technology Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
| | - Shaohang Wu
- Institute of New Energy Technology College of Information Science and Technology Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
| | - Yaohua Mai
- Institute of New Energy Technology College of Information Science and Technology Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China
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12
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Kausar A, Sattar A, Xu C, Zhang S, Kang Z, Zhang Y. Advent of alkali metal doping: a roadmap for the evolution of perovskite solar cells. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:2696-2736. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01316a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Metal–halide hybrid perovskites have prompted the prosperity of the sustainable energy field and simultaneously demonstrated their great potential in meeting both the growing consumption of energy and the increasing social development requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammarah Kausar
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing 100083
- P. R. China
| | - Abdul Sattar
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing 100083
- P. R. China
| | - Chenzhe Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing 100083
- P. R. China
| | - Suicai Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing 100083
- P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Kang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing 100083
- P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing 100083
- P. R. China
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13
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Ranjitha R, Meghana KN, Kumar VGD, Bhatt AS, Jayanna BK, Ravikumar CR, Santosh MS, Madhyastha H, Sakai K. Rapid photocatalytic degradation of cationic organic dyes using Li-doped Ni/NiO nanocomposites and their electrochemical performance. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05268j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This work reports novel bi-functional Li-doped Ni/NiO nanocomposites as potential candidates for energy storage and water treatment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Ranjitha
- Department of Chemistry
- St. Aloysius College (Autonomous)
- Mangaluru-575003
- India
- Visvesvaraya Technological University
| | - K. N. Meghana
- Department of Studies in Chemistry
- Mangalore University
- Mangalagangothri-574199
- India
| | - V. G. Dileep Kumar
- Visvesvaraya Technological University
- Jnana Sangama
- Belgaum – 590018
- India
- Centre for Incubation, Innovation, Research and Consultancy (CIIRC)
| | - Aarti S. Bhatt
- Department of Chemistry
- N. M. A. M. Institute of Technology (Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi)
- Nitte-574110
- India
| | | | - C. R. Ravikumar
- Research Centre
- Department of Chemistry
- East West Institute of Technology
- Bengaluru-560091
- India
| | - Mysore Sridhar Santosh
- Centre for Incubation, Innovation, Research and Consultancy (CIIRC)
- Jyothy Institute of Technology
- Bengaluru-560082
- India
| | - H. Madhyastha
- Department of Applied Physiology
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Miyazaki
- Miyazaki-8891692
- Japan
| | - K. Sakai
- Division of Material Research
- Centre for Collaborative Research and Community Cooperation
- University of Miyazaki
- Miyazaki-8892192
- Japan
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14
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Feng M, Wang M, Zhou H, Li W, Wang S, Zang Z, Chen S. High-Efficiency and Stable Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells with Pulsed Laser Deposited Cu-Doped NiO x Hole-Transport Layers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:50684-50691. [PMID: 33121249 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
High-quality hole-transport layers (HTLs) with excellent optical and electrical properties play a significant role in achieving high-efficient and stable inverted planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, the optoelectronic properties of Cu-doped NiOx (Cu:NiOx) films and the photovoltaic performance of PSCs with Cu:NiOx HTLs were systematically studied. The Cu-doped NiOx with different doping concentrations was achieved by a high-temperature solid-state reaction, and Cu:NiOx films were prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Cu+ ion dopants not only occupy the Ni vacancy sites to improve the crystallization quality and increase the hole mobility, but also substitute lattice Ni2+ sites and act as acceptors to enhance the hole concentration. As compared to the undoped NiOx films, the Cu:NiOx films exhibit a higher electrical conductivity with a faster charge transportation and extraction for PSCs. By employing the prepared Cu:NiOx films as HTLs for the PSCs, a high photocurrent density of 23.17 mA/cm2 and a high power conversion efficiency of 20.41% are obtained, which are superior to those with physical vapor deposited NiOx HTLs. Meanwhile, the PSC devices show a negligible hysteresis behavior and a long-term air-stability, even without any encapsulation. The results demonstrate that pulsed laser deposited Cu-doped NiOx film is a promising HTL for realizing high-performance and air-stable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglei Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Smart Materials, College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Hongpeng Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Smart Materials, College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Shuangpeng Wang
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Zang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Shijian Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Smart Materials, College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
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15
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Hwang JD, Hwang YT. Enhancing ultraviolet-to-visible rejection ratio by inserting an intrinsic NiO layer in p-NiO/n-Si heterojunction photodiodes. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:345205. [PMID: 32403098 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab92ca] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Conventionally, p-NiO/n-Si (p-n) heterojunction photodiodes (HPDs) exhibit a larger visible response than the ultraviolet response due to the thick Si substrate; hence, it is used as a broadband photodetector with a poor ultraviolet (UV)-to-visible rejection ratio. Herein, an intrinsic NiO (i-NiO) layer is inserted between the p-NiO and the n-Si substrate to fabricate p-NiO/i-NiO/n-Si (p-i-n) HPDs, significantly suppressing leakage current and visible response. Compared with the conventional p-n HPDs, the insertion of the i-NiO layer significantly reduces leakage current by approximately 241 times and enhances the rectification ratio from 13.8 to 3228 for the p-n and p-i-n HPDs. The insertion of an i-NiO layer not only increases the UV-response but also suppresses the visible response. These issues enhance the UV-to-visible rejection ratio from 72.2 in p-n HPDs to 915.3 in p-i-n HPDs. The p-NiO reveals a poorer crystalline structure than the i-NiO film because the Ag dopants accumulate at the grain boundary and inhibit crystalline growth. The Ag diffusion in the Si substrate causes defect states within the Si bandgap, whereas it is retarded by the i-NiO layer in the p-i-n HPDs. The poor crystallinity in the p-NiO and defect states within the Si bandgap contributes to a high leakage current and visible response in p-n HPDs. The p-i-n HPDs demonstrate a higher UV-response due to absorption by the i-NiO layer. Because visible light cannot be absorbed by the i-NiO layer, visible response is suppressed in p-i-n HPDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Hwang
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiayi University, No. 300 Syuefu Rd., Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
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16
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Facile Synthesis of Highly Conductive Vanadium-Doped NiO Film for Transparent Conductive Oxide. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10165415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metal-oxide-based electrodes play a crucial role in various transparent conductive oxide (TCO) applications. Among the p-type materials, nickel oxide is a promising electrically conductive material due to its good stability, large bandgap, and deep valence band. Here, we display pristine and 3 at.%V-doped NiO synthesized by the solvothermal decomposition method. The properties of both the pristine and 3 at.%V:NiO nanoparticles were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The film properties were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and a source meter. Our results suggest that incorporation of vanadium into the NiO lattice significantly improves both electrical conductivity and hole extraction. Also, 3 at.%V:NiO exhibits a lower crystalline size when compared to pristine nickel oxide, which maintains the reduction of surface roughness. These results indicate that vanadium is an excellent dopant for NiO.
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17
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Di Girolamo D, Di Giacomo F, Matteocci F, Marrani AG, Dini D, Abate A. Progress, highlights and perspectives on NiO in perovskite photovoltaics. Chem Sci 2020; 11:7746-7759. [PMID: 34094149 PMCID: PMC8163100 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02859b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of NiO based perovskite solar cells has recently hit a record 22.1% with a hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite composition and a PCE above 15% in a fully inorganic configuration was achieved. Moreover, NiO processing is a mature technology, with different industrially attractive processes demonstrated in the last few years. These considerations, along with the excellent stabilities reported, clearly point towards NiO as the most efficient inorganic hole selective layer for lead halide perovskite photovoltaics, which is the topic of this review. NiO optoelectronics is discussed by analysing the different doping mechanisms, with a focus on the case of alkaline and transition metal cation dopants. Doping allows tuning the conductivity and the energy levels of NiO, improving the overall performance and adapting the material to a variety of perovskite compositions. Furthermore, we summarise the main investigations on the NiO/perovskite interface stability. In fact, the surface of NiO is commonly oxidised and reactive with perovskite, also under the effect of light, thermal and electrical stress. Interface engineering strategies should be considered aiming at long term stability and the highest efficiency. Finally, we present the main achievements in flexible, fully printed and lead-free perovskite photovoltaics which employ NiO as a layer and provide our perspective to accelerate the improvement of these technologies. Overall, we show that adequately doped and passivated NiO might be an ideal hole selective layer in every possible application of perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Di Girolamo
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering. University of Naples Federico II Pzz.le Vincenzo Tecchio 80 Naples 80125 Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome La Sapienza Pzz.le Aldo Moro 5 Rome 00185 Italy
| | - Francesco Di Giacomo
- C.H.O.S.E.- Center for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata Via del Politecnico 1 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Fabio Matteocci
- C.H.O.S.E.- Center for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata Via del Politecnico 1 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Andrea Giacomo Marrani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome La Sapienza Pzz.le Aldo Moro 5 Rome 00185 Italy
| | - Danilo Dini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome La Sapienza Pzz.le Aldo Moro 5 Rome 00185 Italy
| | - Antonio Abate
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering. University of Naples Federico II Pzz.le Vincenzo Tecchio 80 Naples 80125 Italy
- Institute for Silicon Photovoltaics, Hemlholtz Zentrum Berlin Kekulestraße 5 D-12489 Berlin Germany
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18
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Parida B, Yoon S, Ryu J, Hayase S, Jeong SM, Kang DW. Boosting the Conversion Efficiency Over 20% in MAPbI 3 Perovskite Planar Solar Cells by Employing a Solution-Processed Aluminum-Doped Nickel Oxide Hole Collector. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:22958-22970. [PMID: 32326692 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, nickel oxide (NiOx) thin films have been used as an efficient and robust hole transport layer (HTL) in inverted planar perovskite solar cells (IP-PSCs) to replace costly and unstable organic transport materials. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of most IP-PSCs using NiOx HTLs is rather limited below 20% due to insufficient electronic conductivity of the NiOx. In this work, solution-processed Al-doped NiOx (ANO) films are suggested as HTLs for low-cost and stable IP-PSCs. The electrical conductivity of the NiOx film is significantly enhanced by Al doping, which effectively reduces the nonradiative recombination losses at the HTL-perovskite interfaces and boosts hole extraction/transportation. The device with undoped NiOx shows the best PCE of 16.56%, whereas ANO HTL (5% doping) contributes to achieving a PCE of 20.84%, which outperforms other CH3NH3PbI3 IP-PSCs with NiOx-based HTLs reported to date. Moreover, a reliability test (1728 h storage) shows that the performance stability is enhanced by approximately 11% by employing ANO HTLs. This investigation into ANO HTLs provides a new guideline for the further development of highly efficient and reliable IP-PSCs using low-cost and robust metal oxide HTLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Parida
- School of Energy Systems Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Saemon Yoon
- School of Energy Systems Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ryu
- School of Energy Systems Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Shuzi Hayase
- Info-Powered Energy System Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Sang Mun Jeong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Won Kang
- School of Energy Systems Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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19
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The Performance Improvement of Using Hole Transport Layer with Lithium and Cobalt for Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cell. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10040354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
With the continuous development of solar cells, the perovskite solar cells (PSCs), whose hole transport layer plays a vital part in collection of photogenerated carriers, have been studied by many researchers. Interface transport layers are important for efficiency and stability enhancement. In this paper, we demonstrated that lithium (Li) and cobalt (Co) codoped in the novel inorganic hole transport layer named NiOx, which were deposited onto ITO substrates via solution methods at room temperature, can greatly enhance performance based on inverted structures of planar heterojunction PSCs. Compared to the pristine NiOx films, doping a certain amount of Li and Co can increase optical transparency, work function, electrical conductivity and hole mobility of NiOx film. Furthermore, experimental results certified that coating CH3NH3PbIxCl3−x perovskite films on Li and Co- NiOx electrode interlayer film can improve chemical stability and absorbing ability of sunlight than the pristine NiOx. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs has a great improvement from 14.1% to 18.7% when codoped with 10% Li and 5% Co in NiOx. Moreover, the short-circuit current density (Jsc) was increased from 20.09 mA/cm2 to 21.7 mA/cm2 and the fill factor (FF) was enhanced from 0.70 to 0.75 for the PSCs. The experiment results demonstrated that the Li and Co codoped NiOx can be a effective dopant to improve the performance of the PSCs.
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20
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Jin Z, Guo Y, Yuan S, Zhao JS, Liang XM, Qin Y, Zhang JP, Ai XC. Modification of NiO x hole transport layer for acceleration of charge extraction in inverted perovskite solar cells. RSC Adv 2020; 10:12289-12296. [PMID: 35497625 PMCID: PMC9050867 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00209g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The modification of the inorganic hole transport layer has been an efficient method for optimizing the performance of inverted perovskite solar cells. In this work, we propose a facile modification of a compact NiO x film with NiO x nanoparticles and explore the effects on the charge carrier dynamic behaviors and photovoltaic performance of inverted perovskite devices. The modification of the NiO x hole transport layer can not only enlarge the surface area and infiltration ability, but also adjust the valence band maximum to well match that of perovskite. The photoluminescence results confirm the acceleration of the charge separation and transport at the NiO x /perovskite interface. The corresponding device possesses better photovoltaic parameters than the device based on control NiO x films. Moreover, the charge carrier transport/recombination dynamics are further systematically investigated by the measurements of time-resolved photoluminescence, transient photovoltage and transient photocurrent. Consequently, the results demonstrate that proper modification of NiO x can significantly enlarge interface area and improve the hole extraction capacity, thus efficiently promoting charge separation and inhibiting charge recombination, which leads to the enhancement of the device performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezhu Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China
| | - Yanru Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China
| | - Jia-Shang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China
| | - Xiao-Min Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China
| | - Yujun Qin
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China
| | - Xi-Cheng Ai
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China
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21
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Xu CY, Hu W, Wang G, Niu L, Elseman AM, Liao L, Yao Y, Xu G, Luo L, Liu D, Zhou G, Li P, Song Q. Coordinated Optical Matching of a Texture Interface Made from Demixing Blended Polymers for High-Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS NANO 2020; 14:196-203. [PMID: 31800218 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b07594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The continuing increase of the efficiency of perovskite solar cells has pushed the internal quantum efficiency approaching 100%, which means the light-to-carrier and then the following carrier transportation and extraction are no longer limiting factors in photoelectric conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells. However, the optimal efficiency is still far lower than the Shockley-Queisser efficiency limit, especially for those inverted perovskite solar cells, indicating that a significant fraction of light does not transmit into the active perovskite layer to be absorbed there. Here, a planar inverted perovskite solar cell (ITO/PTAA/perovskite/PC61BM/bathocuproine (BCP)/Ag) is chosen as an example, and we show that its external quantum efficiency (EQE) can be significantly improved by simply texturing the poly[bis (4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA) layer. By washing the film prepared from a mixed polymer solution of PTAA and polystyrene (PS), a textured PTAA/perovskite interface is introduced on the light-input side of perovskite to inhibit internal optical reflection. The reduction of optical loss by this simple texture method increases the EQE and then the photocurrent of the ITO/PTAA/perovskite/PC61BM/BCP/Ag device with the magnitude of about 10%. At the same time, this textured PTAA benefits the band edge absorption in this planar solar cell. The large increase of the short-circuit current together with the increase of fill factor pushes the efficiency of this inverted perovskite solar cell from 18.3% up to an efficiency over 20.8%. By using an antireflection coating on glass to let more light into the device, the efficiency is further improved to 21.6%, further demonstrating the importance of light management in perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cun Yun Xu
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energy , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Wei Hu
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energy , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energy , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Lianbin Niu
- College of Physics and Electronics Engineering , Chongqing Normal University , Chongqing 401331 , P. R. China
| | - Ahmed Mourtada Elseman
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energy , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
- Electronic & Magnetic Materials Department, Advanced Materials Division , Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI) , P.O. Box 87, Helwan , Cairo 11421 , Egypt
| | - Liping Liao
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energy , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Yanqing Yao
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energy , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Gaobo Xu
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energy , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Lie Luo
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energy , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Debei Liu
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energy , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energy , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Ping Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Science , Zunyi Normal College , Zunyi 563002 , P. R. China
| | - Qunliang Song
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energy , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
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22
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Elseman AM, Luo L, Song QL. Self-doping synthesis of trivalent Ni2O3 as a hole transport layer for high fill factor and efficient inverted perovskite solar cells. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:14243-14250. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03029e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We present a novel self-doping method to obtain trivalent nickel oxide (Ni2O3) as an HTL, and its excellent optical transmittance and hole extraction efficiencies lead to a PCE of 17.89% and high FF of 82.66%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mourtada Elseman
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials
- School of Materials and Energy
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
- P. R. China
| | - Lie Luo
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials
- School of Materials and Energy
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
- P. R. China
| | - Qun Liang Song
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials
- School of Materials and Energy
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
- P. R. China
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23
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Castro E, Artigas A, Pla-Quintana A, Roglans A, Liu F, Perez F, Lledó A, Zhu XY, Echegoyen L. Enhanced Open-Circuit Voltage in Perovskite Solar Cells with Open-Cage [60]Fullerene Derivatives as Electron-Transporting Materials. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12081314. [PMID: 31018500 PMCID: PMC6515431 DOI: 10.3390/ma12081314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, and incorporation of open-cage [60]fullerene derivatives as electron-transporting materials (ETMs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with an inverted planar (p-i-n) structure is reported. Following optical and electrochemical characterization of the open-cage fullerenes 2a–c, p-i-n PSCs with a indium tin oxide (ITO)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)/perovskite/fullerene/Ag structure were prepared. The devices obtained from 2a–b exhibit competitive power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and improved open-circuit voltage (Voc) values (>1.0 V) in comparison to a reference cell based on phenyl-C61-butyric-acid methyl-ester (PC61BM). These results are rationalized in terms of a) the higher passivation ability of the open-cage fullerenes with respect to the other fullerenes, and b) a good overlap between the highest occupied molecular orbital/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO/LUMO) levels of 2a–b and the conduction band of the perovskite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edison Castro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
| | - Albert Artigas
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Department de Química, Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Catalonia Spain.
| | - Anna Pla-Quintana
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Department de Química, Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Catalonia Spain.
| | - Anna Roglans
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Department de Química, Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Catalonia Spain.
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| | - Frank Perez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
| | - Agustí Lledó
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Department de Química, Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Catalonia Spain.
| | - X-Y Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| | - Luis Echegoyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
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