1
|
Cao Z, Zhao Y, Wu G, Cho J, Abid M, Choi M, Ó Coileáin C, Hung KM, Chang CR, Wu HC. Enhanced NO 2 Sensitivity of Vertically Stacked van der Waals Heterostructure Gas Sensor and Its Remarkable Electric and Mechanical Tunability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:9495-9505. [PMID: 38334441 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Nanodevices based on van der Waals heterostructures have been predicted, and shown, to have unprecedented operational principles and functionalities that hold promise for highly sensitive and selective gas sensors with rapid response times and minimal power consumption. In this study, we fabricated gas sensors based on vertical MoS2/WS2 van der Waals heterostructures and investigated their gas sensing capabilities. Compared with individual MoS2 or WS2 gas sensors, the MoS2/WS2 van der Waals heterostructure gas sensors are shown to have enhanced sensitivity, faster response times, rapid recovery, and a notable selectivity, especially toward NO2. In combination with a theoretical model, we show that it is important to take into account created trapped states (flat bands) induced by the adsorption of gas molecules, which capture charges and alter the inherent built-in potential of van der Waals heterostructure gas sensors. Additionally, we note that the performance of these MoS2/WS2 heterostructure gas sensors could be further enhanced using electrical gating and mechanical strain. Our findings highlight the importance of understanding the effects of altered built-in potentials arising from gas molecule adsorption induced flat bands, thus offering a way to enhance the gas sensing performance of van der Waals heterostructure gas sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ze Cao
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wu
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jiung Cho
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03579, Republic of Korea
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohamed Abid
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Miri Choi
- Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Cormac Ó Coileáin
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Neubiberg 85577, Germany
| | - Kuan-Ming Hung
- Department of Electronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ching-Ray Chang
- Quantum information center, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Han-Chun Wu
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu W, Xiong Y, Liu Q, Chang X, Tian J. The construction of S-scheme heterostructure in ultrathin WS 2/Zn 3In 2S 6 nanosheets for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 651:633-644. [PMID: 37562305 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.07.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Metal sulfide based photocatalysts are considered to be economic, environmentally benign and renewable. The rapid recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes and low solar energy utilization efficiency, however, remain a huge bottleneck. Herein, two-dimensional/two-dimensional (2D/2D) S-scheme WS2/Zn3In2S6 heterostructure with ultrathin nanosheets intervening between neighboring component has been designed. The large and intimate S-scheme heterojunctions facilitate interfacial charge separation/transfer and optimize the available redox potential. Besides, the ultrathin 2D/2D heterostructure ensures large specific surface area, maximized interface synergistic interaction, and effective exposure of surface active sites. As a result, 2 wt% WS2/Zn3In2S6 exhibits a high photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of 30.21 mmol·g-1·h-1 under simulated solar light illumination with an apparent quantum efficiency of 56.1% at 370 nm monochromatic light, far exceeding pristine Zn3In2S6 (6.65 mmol·g-1·h-1). Our work underscores the significance of integrating morphology engineering and S-scheme heterojunctions design for high-efficient and low-cost photocatalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wendi Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, Shandong, PR China
| | - Ya Xiong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiao Chang
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jian Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, Shandong, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu X, Li Y, Cao P, Li P, Xing X, Yu Y, Guo R, Yang H. Recent Advances of Graphene Quantum Dots in Chemiresistive Gas Sensors. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2880. [PMID: 37947725 PMCID: PMC10647816 DOI: 10.3390/nano13212880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs), as 0D graphene nanomaterials, have aroused increasing interest in chemiresistive gas sensors owing to their remarkable physicochemical properties and tunable electronic structures. Research on GQDs has been booming over the past decades, and a number of excellent review articles have been provided on various other sensing principles of GQDs, such as fluorescence-based ion-sensing, bio-sensing, bio-imaging, and electrochemical, photoelectrochemical, and electrochemiluminescence sensing, and therapeutic, energy and catalysis applications. However, so far, there is no single review article on the application of GQDs in the field of chemiresistive gas sensing. This is our primary inspiration for writing this review, with a focus on the chemiresistive gas sensors reported using GQD-based composites. In this review, the various synthesized strategies of GQDs and its composites, gas sensing enhancement mechanisms, and the resulting sensing characteristics are presented. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects of GQDs in the abovementioned application filed have been discussed for the more rational design of advanced GQDs-based gas-sensing materials and innovative gas sensors with novel functionalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;
- Institute for Smart Ageing, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China; (Y.L.); (P.C.); (P.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yongzhen Li
- Institute for Smart Ageing, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China; (Y.L.); (P.C.); (P.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Pei Cao
- Institute for Smart Ageing, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China; (Y.L.); (P.C.); (P.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Peng Li
- Institute for Smart Ageing, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China; (Y.L.); (P.C.); (P.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Xinzhu Xing
- Institute for Smart Ageing, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China; (Y.L.); (P.C.); (P.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yue Yu
- Institute for Smart Ageing, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China; (Y.L.); (P.C.); (P.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Ruihua Guo
- Institute for Smart Ageing, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China; (Y.L.); (P.C.); (P.L.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jo YM, Jo YK, Lee JH, Jang HW, Hwang IS, Yoo DJ. MOF-Based Chemiresistive Gas Sensors: Toward New Functionalities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2206842. [PMID: 35947765 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The sensing performances of gas sensors must be improved and diversified to enhance quality of life by ensuring health, safety, and convenience. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which exhibit an extremely high surface area, abundant porosity, and unique surface chemistry, provide a promising framework for facilitating gas-sensor innovations. Enhanced understanding of conduction mechanisms of MOFs has facilitated their use as gas-sensing materials, and various types of MOFs have been developed by examining the compositional and morphological dependences and implementing catalyst incorporation and light activation. Owing to their inherent separation and absorption properties and catalytic activity, MOFs are applied as molecular sieves, absorptive filtering layers, and heterogeneous catalysts. In addition, oxide- or carbon-based sensing materials with complex structures or catalytic composites can be derived by the appropriate post-treatment of MOFs. This review discusses the effective techniques to design optimal MOFs, in terms of computational screening and synthesis methods. Moreover, the mechanisms through which the distinctive functionalities of MOFs as sensing materials, heterostructures, and derivatives can be incorporated in gas-sensor applications are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Moo Jo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
| | - Yong Kun Jo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Heun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Won Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sung Hwang
- Sentech Gmi Co. Ltd, Seoul, 07548, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Joon Yoo
- SentechKorea Co. Ltd, Paju, 10863, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang J, Zhang M, Wang S, Wu Z, Zhang Z. Moisture-Resistant and Highly Selective NH 3 Sensor Based on CdS/WS 2 Composite Heterojunction. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:10352-10366. [PMID: 37463135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the synthesis of CdS/WS2 composites via a green and ultra-low-cost hydrothermal method. By controlling the relative mass ratio between WS2 and CdS, an n-n type CdS/WS2 heterostructure, with excellent NH3 gas-sensitive properties, was developed and investigated at room temperature. Compared with pristine WS2 and CdS, the CdS/WS2-40%wt composite exhibited excellent selectivity of more than 4 orders of magnitude for sensing NH3, a very short recovery time of 3 s, and ultrahigh selectivity at room temperature. The large specific surface area of the CdS/WS2 composite increased the active sites for the gas-sensitive reaction. Additionally, the 2D morphology of CdS/WS2 and the heterojunction formed between WS2 and CdS contributed to the improved performance. Anti-humidity interference tests showed that the CdS/WS2 sample remained stable under real-time monitoring of NH3 at different ambient humidity values. This study paves the way for designing high-performance gas sensors operating at room temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhu Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shuying Wang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhaofeng Wu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Guo X, Yang H, Mo X, Bai R, Wang Y, Han Q, Han S, Sun Q, Zhang DW, Hu S, Ji L. Modulated wafer-scale WS 2 films based on atomic-layer-deposition for various device applications. RSC Adv 2023; 13:14841-14848. [PMID: 37197184 PMCID: PMC10184003 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00933e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Tungsten disulfide (WS2) is promising for potential applications in transistors and gas sensors due to its high mobility and high adsorption of gas molecules onto edge sites. This work comprehensively studied the deposition temperature, growth mechanism, annealing conditions, and Nb doping of WS2 to prepare high-quality wafer-scale N- and P-type WS2 films by atomic layer deposition (ALD). It shows that the deposition and annealing temperature greatly influence the electronic properties and crystallinity of WS2, and insufficient annealing will seriously reduce the switch ratio and on-state current of the field effect transistors (FETs). Besides, the morphologies and carrier types of WS2 films can be controlled by adjusting the processes of ALD. The obtained WS2 films and the films with vertical structures were used to fabricate FETs and gas sensors, respectively. Among them, the Ion/Ioff ratio of N- and P-type WS2 FETs is 105 and 102, respectively, and the response of N- and P-type gas sensors is 14% and 42% under 50 ppm NH3 at room temperature, respectively. We have successfully demonstrated a controllable ALD process to modify the morphology and doping behavior of WS2 films with various device functionalities based on acquisitive characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Guo
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Hanjie Yang
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Xichao Mo
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Rongxu Bai
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Yanrong Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Qi Han
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Sheng Han
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Qingqing Sun
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - David W Zhang
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Shen Hu
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
- Jiashan Fudan Institute Jiashan 314100 China
| | - Li Ji
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
- Hubei Yangtz Memory Laboratories Wuhan 430205 China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ullah F, Ibrahim K, Mistry K, Samad A, Shahin A, Sanderson J, Musselman K. WS 2 and WS 2-ZnO Chemiresistive Gas Sensors: The Role of Analyte Charge Asymmetry and Molecular Size. ACS Sens 2023; 8:1630-1638. [PMID: 36926856 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c02762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the interaction of various analytes (toluene, acetone, ethanol, and water) possessing different structures, bonding, and molecular sizes with a laser-exfoliated WS2 sensing material in a chemiresistive sensor. The sensor showed a clear response to all analytes, which was significantly enhanced by modifying the WS2 surface. This was achieved by creating WS2-ZnO heterojunctions via the deposition of ZnO nanoparticles on the WS2 surface with a high-throughput, atmospheric-pressure spatial atomic layer deposition system. Water and ethanol produced a much higher response compared to acetone and toluene for both the WS2 and WS2-ZnO sensing mediums. We resolved that the charge-asymmetry points in analyte molecules play a key role in determining the sensor response. High charge-asymmetry points correspond to highly polar bonds (HPBs) in a neutral molecule that have a high probability of interaction with the sensing medium. Our results indicate that the polarity of the HPBs primarily dictates the interaction between the analyte and sensing medium and consequently controls the response of the sensor. Moreover, the size of the analyte molecule was found to affect the sensing response; if two molecules have the same HPBs and are exposed to the same sensing medium, the smaller molecule is likely to produce a higher and faster response. Our study provides a comprehensive picture of analyte-sensor interactions that can help in advancing semiconductor gas sensors, including those based on two-dimensional materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farman Ullah
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.,Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Khaled Ibrahim
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.,Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Kissan Mistry
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.,Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Abdus Samad
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 517055, China
| | - Ahmed Shahin
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.,Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Joseph Sanderson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Kevin Musselman
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.,Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sacco LN, Vollebregt S. Overview of Engineering Carbon Nanomaterials Such As Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), Carbon Nanofibers (CNFs), Graphene and Nanodiamonds and Other Carbon Allotropes inside Porous Anodic Alumina (PAA) Templates. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:260. [PMID: 36678014 PMCID: PMC9861583 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication and design of carbon-based hierarchical structures with tailored nano-architectures have attracted the enormous attention of the materials science community due to their exceptional chemical and physical properties. The collective control of nano-objects, in terms of their dimensionality, orientation and size, is of paramount importance to expand the implementation of carbon nanomaterials across a large variety of applications. In this context, porous anodic alumina (PAA) has become an attractive template where the pore morphologies can be straightforwardly modulated. The synthesis of diverse carbon nanomaterials can be performed using PAA templates, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibers (CNFs), and nanodiamonds, or can act as support for other carbon allotropes such as graphene and other carbon nanoforms. However, the successful growth of carbon nanomaterials within ordered PAA templates typically requires a series of stages involving the template fabrication, nanostructure growth and finally an etching or electrode metallization steps, which all encounter different challenges towards a nanodevice fabrication. The present review article describes the advantages and challenges associated with the fabrication of carbon materials in PAA based materials and aims to give a renewed momentum to this topic within the materials science community by providing an exhaustive overview of the current synthesis approaches and the most relevant applications based on PAA/Carbon nanostructures materials. Finally, the perspective and opportunities in the field are presented.
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Our demand for ubiquitous and reliable gas detection is spurring the design of intelligent and enabling gas sensors for the next-generation Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence. The desire to introduce gas sensors everywhere is fueled by opportunities to create room-temperature semiconductor gas sensors with ultralow power consumption. In this Perspective, we provide an overview of the recent achievement of room-temperature gas sensors that have been translated from the advances in the design of the chemical and physical properties of low-dimensional semiconductor nanomaterials. The emergence of solution-processable nanomaterials opens up remarkable opportunities to integrate into high-performance and flexible room-temperature gas sensors by using low-temperature, large-area, solution-based methods instead of costly, high-vacuum, high-temperature device manufacturing processes. We review the fundamental factors which affect the receptor and transducer functions of semiconductor gas sensors. We also discuss challenges that must be addressed in the move to the continuous miniaturization and evolution of semiconductor gas sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Tang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Yunong Zhao
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mishra RK, Kumar V, Trung LG, Choi GJ, Ryu JW, Mane SM, Shin JC, Kumar P, Lee SH, Gwag JS. WS 2 Nanorod as a Remarkable Acetone Sensor for Monitoring Work/Public Places. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:8609. [PMID: 36433205 PMCID: PMC9695238 DOI: 10.3390/s22228609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the synthesis of the WS2 nanorods (NRs) using an eco-friendly and facile hydrothermal method for an acetone-sensing application. This study explores the acetone gas-sensing characteristics of the WS2 nanorod sensor for 5, 10, and 15 ppm concentrations at 25 °C, 50 °C, 75 °C, and 100 °C. The WS2 nanorod sensor shows the highest sensitivity of 94.5% at 100 °C for the 15 ppm acetone concentration. The WS2 nanorod sensor also reveals the outstanding selectivity of acetone compared to other gases, such as ammonia, ethanol, acetaldehyde, methanol, and xylene at 100 °C with a 15 ppm concentration. The estimated selectivity coefficient indicates that the selectivity of the WS2 nanorod acetone sensor is 7.1, 4.5, 3.7, 2.9, and 2.0 times higher than xylene, acetaldehyde, ammonia, methanol, and ethanol, respectively. In addition, the WS2 nanorod sensor also divulges remarkable stability of 98.5% during the 20 days of study. Therefore, it is concluded that the WS2 nanorod can be an excellent nanomaterial for developing acetone sensors for monitoring work/public places.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vipin Kumar
- Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Le Gia Trung
- Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Gyu Jin Choi
- Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Jeong Won Ryu
- Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Sagar M. Mane
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Seoul Campus, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea
| | - Jae Cheol Shin
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Seoul Campus, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea
| | - Pushpendra Kumar
- Department of Physics, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur 303007, India
| | - Seung Hee Lee
- Department of Nanoconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
- Department of Polymer Nano-Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Jin Seog Gwag
- Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Singh S, Saggu IS, Chen K, Xuan Z, Swihart MT, Sharma S. Humidity-Tolerant Room-Temperature Selective Dual Sensing and Discrimination of NH 3 and NO Using a WS 2/MWCNT Composite. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:40382-40395. [PMID: 36001381 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Continuous detection of toxic and hazardous gases like nitric oxide (NO) and ammonia (NH3) is needed for environmental management and noninvasive diagnosis of various diseases. However, to the best of our knowledge, dual detection of these two gases has not been previously reported. To address the challenge, we demonstrate the design and fabrication of low-cost NH3 and NO dual gas sensors using tungsten disulfide/multiwall carbon nanotube (WS2/MWCNT) nanocomposites as sensing channels which maintained their performance in a humid environment. The composite-based device has shown successful dual detection at temperatures down to 18 °C and relative humidity of 90%. For 0.1 ppm ammonia, it exhibited a p-type conduction with response and recovery times of 102 and 261 s, respectively; on the other hand, with NO (10 ppb, n-type), these times were 285 and 198 s, respectively. The device with 5 mg MWCNTs possesses a superior selectivity along with a relative response of ≈7% (5 ppb) and ≈5% (0.1 ppm) for NO and NH3, respectively, at 18 °C. The response is less affected by relative humidity, and this is attributed to the presence of MWCNTs that are hydrophobic in nature. Upon simultaneous exposure to NO (5-10 ppb) and NH3 (0.1-5 ppm), the response was dominated by NO, implying clear discrimination to the simultaneous presence of these two gases. We propose a sensing mechanism based on adsorption/desportion and accompanied charge transfer between the adsorbed gas molecules and sensing surface. The results suggest that an optimized weight ratio of WS2 and MWCNTs could govern favorable sensing conditions for a particular gas molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukhwinder Singh
- Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar, Punjab-143005, India
| | - Imtej Singh Saggu
- Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar, Punjab-143005, India
| | - Kaiwen Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo (SUNY), Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Zhengxi Xuan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo (SUNY), Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Mark T Swihart
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo (SUNY), Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Sandeep Sharma
- Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar, Punjab-143005, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hussain M, Ali A, Jaffery SHA, Aftab S, Abbas S, Riaz M, Bach TPA, Raza M, Iqbal J, Hussain S, Sofer Z, Jung J. Self-biased wavelength selective photodetection in an n-IGZO/p-GeSe heterostructure by polarity flipping. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:10910-10917. [PMID: 35851391 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01013e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Transparent semiconductor oxides with two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures have been extensively studied as new materials for thin-film transistors and photosensors due to their remarkable photovoltaic characteristics, making them useful for newly developed optoelectronics. Here we demonstrate the fabrication and characterization of an ITO/n-IGZO/p-GeSe transparent selective wavelength photodetector. The wavelength-dependent photovoltaic behavior of the n-IGZO/p-GeSe heterostructure under UV-Visible laser light shifts the I-V curves down with positive Voc and negative Isc values of about 0.12 V and -49 nA and 0.09 V and -17 nA, respectively. Interestingly, when an NIR laser irradiated the device, the I-V curves shifted up with negative Voc and positive Isc values of about -0.11 V and 45 nA, respectively. This behavior is attributed to the free carrier concentration induced by photogenerated carriers across the device at different points that varied with the wavelength-dependent photon absorption. Consequently, the direction of the electric field polarity across the junction can be flipped. This study demonstrates a zero-bias near-infrared (NIR) photodetector with a high photoresponsivity of 538.9 mA W-1, a fast rise time of 25.2 ms, and a decay time of 25.08 ms. Furthermore, we observed a detectivity (D) of 8.4 × 109 Jones, a normalized photocurrent to dark current ratio (NPDR) of 2.8 × 1010 W-1, and a noise equivalent power (NEP) of 2.2 × 10-14 W Hz-1/2. Our strategy opens alternative possibilities for scalable, low-cost, multifunctional transparent near-infrared photosensors with selective wavelength photodetection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hussain
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, 05006, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Asif Ali
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, 05006, Republic of Korea.
| | - Syed Hassan Abbas Jaffery
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, 05006, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sikandar Aftab
- Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohail Abbas
- Department of Electrical Engineering Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, 05006, Republic of Korea.
| | - Thi Phuong Anh Bach
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, 05006, Republic of Korea.
| | - Muhammad Raza
- Department of Physics, Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Physics, Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Hussain
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, 05006, Republic of Korea.
| | - Zdenek Sofer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jongwan Jung
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, and HMC, Sejong University, 05006, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
High-Performance Room-Temperature Conductometric Gas Sensors: Materials and Strategies. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10060227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemiresistive sensors have gained increasing interest in recent years due to the necessity of low-cost, effective, high-performance gas sensors to detect volatile organic compounds (VOC) and other harmful pollutants. While most of the gas sensing technologies rely on the use of high operation temperatures, which increase usage cost and decrease efficiency due to high power consumption, a particular subset of gas sensors can operate at room temperature (RT). Current approaches are aimed at the development of high-sensitivity and multiple-selectivity room-temperature sensors, where substantial research efforts have been conducted. However, fewer studies presents the specific mechanism of action on why those particular materials can work at room temperature and how to both enhance and optimize their RT performance. Herein, we present strategies to achieve RT gas sensing for various materials, such as metals and metal oxides (MOs), as well as some of the most promising candidates, such as polymers and hybrid composites. Finally, the future promising outlook on this technology is discussed.
Collapse
|
14
|
Lv YK, Li XJ, Li YY, Liu X, Yao HC, Li ZJ. Construction of organic-inorganic "chelate" adsorption sites on metal oxide semiconductor for room temperature NO 2 sensing. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 432:128623. [PMID: 35290895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide semiconductors (MOS) have been extensively studied for gas sensing due to their excellent chemical stability and adjustable electronic properties. However, there is still a lack of ingenious design strategies to achieve customizable gas detection in complex environments. Herein, a novel and scalable strategy of constructing organic-inorganic "chelate" adsorption sites is proposed to promote the affinity of MOS sensing materials to target molecules. Specifically, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was decorated on In2O3 tubes (AG/Inx), and its NO2 sensing performance was studied. As a result, the optimal AG/Inx shows boosted room-temperature NO2 response, and its response to 1 ppm NO2 is 4.8 times that of In2O3. More attractively, the optimal AG/Inx exhibits good selectivity, as well as outstanding detection ability (Rg/Ra = 1.6) for low concentration NO2 (20 ppb). Experimental results suggest that APTES-rGO not only acts as the electron acceptor to accelerate charge transfer, but also enhances NO2 adsorption. Further theoretical calculations reveal that NO2 is simultaneously adsorbed at rGO and APTES via a flexible "chelate" mechanism. The multidentate adsorption configuration remarkably strengthens the NO2-host interaction, which is conducive to improving sensing performance. This work may inspire the material design of a new generation high-performance gas sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Kun Lv
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yan-Yang Li
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Xiaobiao Liu
- School of Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Hong-Chang Yao
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Zhong-Jun Li
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shin W, Yim J, Bae JH, Lee JK, Hong S, Kim J, Jeong Y, Kwon D, Koo RH, Jung G, Han C, Kim J, Park BG, Kwon D, Lee JH. Synergistic improvement of sensing performance in ferroelectric transistor gas sensors using remnant polarization. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:1623-1630. [PMID: 35485256 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00340f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Gaseous pollutants, including nitrogen oxides, pose a severe threat to ecosystems and human health; therefore, developing reliable gas-sensing systems to detect them is becoming increasingly important. Among the various options, metal-oxide-based gas sensors have attracted attention due to their capability for real-time monitoring and large response. In particular, in the field of materials science, there has been extensive research into controlling the morphological properties of metal oxides. However, these approaches have limitations in terms of controlling the response, sensitivity, and selectivity after the sensing material is deposited. In this study, we propose a novel method to improve the gas-sensing performance by utilizing the remnant polarization of ferroelectric thin-film transistor (FeTFT) gas sensors. The proposed FeTFT gas sensor has IGZO and HZO as the conducting channel and ferroelectric layer, respectively. It is demonstrated that the response and sensitivity of FeTFT gas sensors can be modulated by engineering the polarization of the ferroelectric layer. The amount of reaction sites in IGZO, including electrons and oxygen vacancy-induced negatively charged oxygen, is changed depending on upward and downward polarization. The results of this study provide an essential foundation for further development of gas sensors with tunable sensing properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wonjun Shin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jiyong Yim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea.
| | - Jong-Ho Bae
- School of Electrical Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea
| | - Jung-Kyu Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seongbin Hong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jaehyeon Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yujeong Jeong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dongseok Kwon
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ryun-Han Koo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gyuweon Jung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Changhyeon Han
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea.
| | - Jeonghan Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea.
| | - Byung-Gook Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Daewoong Kwon
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea.
| | - Jong-Ho Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Choi HK, Park J, Gwon OH, Kim JY, Kang SJ, Byun HR, Shin B, Jang SG, Kim HS, Yu YJ. Gate-Tuned Gas Molecule Sensitivity of a Two-Dimensional Semiconductor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:23617-23623. [PMID: 35549073 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we develop a gate-tunable gas sensor based on a MoS2/hBN heterostructure field effect transistor. Through experimental measurements and numerical simulations, we systematically reveal a principle that relates the concentration of the target gas and sensing signals (ΔI/I0) as a function of gate bias. Because a linear relationship between ΔI/I0 and the gas concentration guarantees reliable sensor operation, the optimal gate bias condition for linearity was investigated. Taking NO2 and NH3 as target molecules, it is clarified that the bias condition greatly depends on the electron accepting/donating nature of the gas. The effects of the bandgap and polarity of the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) channel are also discussed. In order to achieve linearly increasing signals that are stable with respect to the gas concentration, a sufficiently large VBG within VBG > 0 is required. We expect this work will shed light on a way to precisely design reliable semiconducting gas sensors based on the characteristics of TMDC and target gas molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Kyw Choi
- Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), 218 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Korea
| | - Jaesung Park
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon 305-340, Korea
| | - Oh Hun Gwon
- Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Jong Yun Kim
- Institute of Quantum Systems, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Seok-Ju Kang
- Institute of Quantum Systems, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Hye Ryung Byun
- Institute of Quantum Systems, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - BeomKyu Shin
- Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Seo Gyun Jang
- Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Han Seul Kim
- Center for Supercomputing Applications, National Institute of Supercomputing and Networking, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Young-Jun Yu
- Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
- Institute of Quantum Systems, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tuerdi G, Yimit A, Zhang X. Exploring optical and electrical gas detection based on zinc-tetra-phenyl-porphyrin sensitizer. ANAL SCI 2022; 38:833-842. [PMID: 35334096 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00103-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We developed optical waveguide (OWG), ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-vis), and electrically operated gas sensors utilizing zinc-tetra-phenyl-porphyrin (ZnTPP) as sensitizer. Strikingly, ZnTPP thin-film/K+-exchanged glass OWG sensing element exhibits a superior signal-to-noise ratio of 109.6 upon 1 ppm NO2 gas injection, which is 29.5 and 3.8 times larger than that of UV-vis (absorbance at wavelength of 438 nm) and ZnTPP electrical sensing elements prepared on an alumina ceramic tube, respectively. Further results on Fourier infrared spectra and UV-vis spectra, confirm a strong chemical adsorption of NO2 gas on ZnTPP. Therefore, our studies highlight the selection of suitable detection technique for analyte sensing with ZnTPP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gulimire Tuerdi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Abliz Yimit
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ledneva AY, Chebanova GE, Artemkina SB, Lavrov AN. CRYSTALLINE AND NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS BASED ON TRANSITION METAL DICHALCOGENIDES: SYNTHESIS AND ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476622020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
19
|
Kao CH, Liu CS, Chan SM, Kuo CC, Tsai SC, Lee ML, Chen H. Effects of NH 3 Plasma and Mg Doping on InGaZnO pH Sensing Membrane. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11120994. [PMID: 34940496 PMCID: PMC8715674 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of magnesium (Mg) doping and Ammonia (NH3) plasma on the pH sensing capabilities of InGaZnO membranes were investigated. Undoped InGaZnO and Mg-doped pH sensing membranes with NH3 plasma were examined with multiple material analyses including X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope, and pH sensing behaviors of the membrane in electrolyte-insulator-semiconductors. Results indicate that Mg doping and NH3 plasma treatment could superpositionally enhance crystallization in fine nanostructures, and strengthen chemical bindings. Results indicate these material improvements increased pH sensing capability significantly. Plasma-treated Mg-doped InGaZnO pH sensing membranes show promise for future pH sensing biosensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chyuan-Haur Kao
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-H.K.); (C.-S.L.)
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, No.5, Fuxing St., Guishan Township, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, 284 Gungjuan Rd., Taishan Dist., New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Shao Liu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-H.K.); (C.-S.L.)
| | - Shih-Ming Chan
- Department of Applied Materials and Optoelectronic Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Nantou 545, Taiwan; (S.-M.C.); (C.-C.K.); (S.-C.T.)
| | - Chih-Chen Kuo
- Department of Applied Materials and Optoelectronic Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Nantou 545, Taiwan; (S.-M.C.); (C.-C.K.); (S.-C.T.)
| | - Shang-Che Tsai
- Department of Applied Materials and Optoelectronic Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Nantou 545, Taiwan; (S.-M.C.); (C.-C.K.); (S.-C.T.)
| | - Ming-Ling Lee
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, Minghsin University of Science and Technology, No.1, Xinxing Road, Xinfeng, Hsinchu 304, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-L.L.); (H.C.)
| | - Hsiang Chen
- Department of Applied Materials and Optoelectronic Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Nantou 545, Taiwan; (S.-M.C.); (C.-C.K.); (S.-C.T.)
- Correspondence: (M.-L.L.); (H.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
Kathiravan D, Huang BR, Saravanan A, Tzeng Y. Role of Nanodiamond Grains in the Exfoliation of WS 2 Nanosheets and Their Enhanced Hydrogen-Sensing Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:48260-48269. [PMID: 34590814 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, for the first time, a combination of detonation nanodiamond (DND)-tungsten disulfide (WS2) was devised and studied for its selective H2-sensing properties at room temperature. DND-WS2 samples were prepared by a sonication-assisted (van der Waals interaction) liquid-phase exfoliation process in low-boiling solvents with DND as a surfactant. The samples were further hydrothermally treated in an autoclave under high pressure and temperature. The as-prepared samples were separated as two parts named DND-WS2 BH (before hydrothermal) and DND-WS2 AH (after hydrothermal). The exfoliated bilayer to few-layer DND-doped WS2 nanosheets were confirmed by ultraviolet-visible spectra, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy studies. It was observed that the DND powder not only acted as a surfactant but also doped and expanded on WS2 nanosheets. The difference between samples BH and AH treatment was further investigated using Raman spectroscopy. The WS2 and DND-WS2 samples on SiO2/Si were fabricated using a sputtered Pd/Ag interdigitated electrode and utilized for H2 gas-sensing measurements. Surprisingly, the DND-WS2 exhibits an ultrahigh sensor response of 72.8% to H2 at 500 ppm when compared to only 9.9% for WS2 alone. Also, the DND-WS2 shows a fast response/recovery time, high selectivity, and stability toward H2 gas. It can be attributed to the correlation of the intergrain phase of DND nanoparticles and WS2 nanosheets, which contributes to the easy transportation of charge carriers when exposed to the air and H2 gas atmosphere. Moreover, it is believed that DND-induced WS2 exfoliation might inspire future synthesis of transition metal dichalcogenides induced by DND in green solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Kathiravan
- Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering and Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
- Taiwan Building Technology Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, ROC
| | - Bohr-Ran Huang
- Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering and Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
- Taiwan Building Technology Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, ROC
| | - Adhimoorthy Saravanan
- Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering and Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
- Taiwan Building Technology Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, ROC
| | - Yonhua Tzeng
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tungsten Disulfide Nanotube-Modified Conductive Paper-Based Chemiresistive Sensor for the Application in Volatile Organic Compounds' Detection. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21186121. [PMID: 34577327 PMCID: PMC8472791 DOI: 10.3390/s21186121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Toxic and nontoxic volatile organic compound (VOC) gases are emitted into the atmosphere from certain solids and liquids as a consequence of wastage and some common daily activities. Inhalation of toxic VOCs has an adverse effect on human health, so it is necessary to monitor their concentration in the atmosphere. In this work, we report on the fabrication of inorganic nanotube (INT)-tungsten disulfide, paper-based graphene–PEDOT:PSS sheet and WS2 nanotube-modified conductive paper-based chemiresistors for VOC gas sensing. The WS2 nanotubes were fabricated by a two-step reaction, that is oxide reduction and sulfurization, carried out at 900 °C. The synthesized nanotubes were characterized by FE-SEM, EDS, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and TEM. The synthesized nanotubes were 206–267 nm in diameter. The FE-SEM results show the length of the nanotubes to be 4.5–8 µm. The graphene–PEDOT:PSS hybrid conductive paper sheet was fabricated by a continuous coating process. Then, WS2 nanotubes were drop-cast onto conductive paper for fabrication of the chemiresistors. The feasibility and sensitivity of the WS2 nanotube-modified paper-based chemiresistor were tested in four VOC gases at different concentrations at room temperature (RT). Experimental results show the proposed sensor to be more sensitive to butanol gas when the concentration ranges from 50 to 1000 ppm. The limit of detection (LOD) of this chemiresistor for butanol gas was 44.92 ppm. The WS2 nanotube-modified paper-based chemiresistor exhibits good potential as a VOC sensor with the advantages of flexibility, easy fabrication, and low fabrication cost.
Collapse
|
23
|
Vijjapu MT, Surya SG, He JH, Salama KN. Highly Selective Self-Powered Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Heterojunction of a Halide Perovskite and InGaZnO NO 2 Sensor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:40460-40470. [PMID: 34415137 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Self-powered sensors can lead to disruptive advances in self-sustainable sensing systems that are imperative for evolving human lifestyles. For the first time, we demonstrate the fabrication of a heterojunction sensor using p-type hybrid-halide perovskites (CH3NH3PbBr3) and an n-type semiconducting metal oxide thin film [InGaZnO (IGZO)] for the detection of NO2 gas and power generation. Combining the excellent photoelectric properties of perovskites and the remarkable gas-sensing properties of IGZO at room temperature, the devised sensors generate open-circuit voltage and modulate according to the ambient NO2 concentration. The major challenge in devising self-powered gas sensors is to attain harvesting capability and selectivity simultaneously, owing to perovskites reactivity in the presence of oxygen and humidity. In this work, we developed a novel approach and fabricated a heterojunction sensor using parylene-c as an additional layer to curb the cross-sensitivity and to enhance the selectivity of the sensor. Even under the low concentrations of NO2, the developed sensor exhibits remarkable sensitivity, selectivity, and repeatability. The devices are sensitive and robust even under extreme humidity conditions (80% RH) and synthetic air. The devised sensor configuration is one way to eliminate the cross-sensitivity issue of the perovskite-based devices and serves as a reference for the development of self-powered sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mani Teja Vijjapu
- Sensors Lab, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sandeep G Surya
- Sensors Lab, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jr-Hau He
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Khaled N Salama
- Sensors Lab, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
|
25
|
Xu Y, Xie J, Zhang Y, Tian F, Yang C, Zheng W, Liu X, Zhang J, Pinna N. Edge-enriched WS 2 nanosheets on carbon nanofibers boosts NO 2 detection at room temperature. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 411:125120. [PMID: 33485227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) hold great promise for room temperature (RT) NO2 sensors. However, the exposure of the edges of TMDs with high adsorption capability and electronic activity remains a great obstacle to achieve high sensor sensitivity. Herein, we demonstrate a high-performance RT NO2 gas sensor based on WS2 nanosheets/carbon nanofibers (CNFs) composite with abundant intentionally exposed WS2 edges. Few-layer WS2 nanosheets are anchored on CNFs through a hydrothermal process. The approach permits to achieve a coating presenting an optimized active surface area and accessibility of the sensing layers. The exposure of WS2 edges remarkably improves the sensing properties. Consequently, the WS2@CNFs composite exhibits excellent selectivity to NO2 at RT with improved response and much lower detection limit in comparison to the WS2 and CNFs counterparts. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations verify a surprisingly strong NO2 adsorption on WS2 edge sites (adsorption energy 3.40 eV) with a partial charge transfer of 0.394e, while a week adsorption on the basal surface of WS2 (adsorption energy 0.25 eV) with a partial charge transfer of 0.171e. The strategy proposed herein will be instructive to the design of efficient material structures for low-power NO2 sensors with optimized performances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongshan Xu
- College of Physics, Center for Marine Observation and Communications, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jiayue Xie
- College of Physics, Center for Marine Observation and Communications, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yunfan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - FengHui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Chen Yang
- College of Physics, Center for Marine Observation and Communications, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- College of Physics, Center for Marine Observation and Communications, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xianghong Liu
- College of Physics, Center for Marine Observation and Communications, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Physics, Center for Marine Observation and Communications, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Nicola Pinna
- Institut für Chemie and IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Forel S, Sacco L, Castan A, Florea I, Cojocaru CS. Simple and rapid gas sensing using a single-walled carbon nanotube field-effect transistor-based logic inverter. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:1582-1587. [PMID: 36132564 PMCID: PMC9419661 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00811g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are promising candidates for gas sensing applications, providing an efficient solution to the device miniaturization challenge and allowing low power consumption. SWCNT gas sensors are mainly based on field-effect transistors (SWCNT-FETs) where the modification of the current flowing through the nanotube is used for gas detection. A major limitation of these SWCNT-FETs lies in the difficulty to measure their transfer curves, since the flowing current typically varies between 10-12 and 10-3 A. Thus, voluminous and energy consuming systems are necessary, severely limiting the miniaturization and low energy consumption. Here, we propose an inverter device that combines two SWCNT-FETs which brings a concrete solution to these limitations and simplifies data processing. In this innovative sensing configuration, the gas detection is based on the variation of an electric potential in the volt range instead of a current intensity variation in the microampere range. In this study, the proof of concept is performed using NO2 gas but can be easily extended to a wide range of gases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salomé Forel
- Laboratoire de Physique des Interfaces et des Couches Minces (LPICM), CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, IP Paris 91128 Palaiseau Cedex France
| | - Leandro Sacco
- Laboratoire de Physique des Interfaces et des Couches Minces (LPICM), CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, IP Paris 91128 Palaiseau Cedex France
| | - Alice Castan
- Laboratoire de Physique des Interfaces et des Couches Minces (LPICM), CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, IP Paris 91128 Palaiseau Cedex France
| | - Ileana Florea
- Laboratoire de Physique des Interfaces et des Couches Minces (LPICM), CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, IP Paris 91128 Palaiseau Cedex France
| | - Costel Sorin Cojocaru
- Laboratoire de Physique des Interfaces et des Couches Minces (LPICM), CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, IP Paris 91128 Palaiseau Cedex France
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sea urchin-like microstructure pressure sensors with an ultra-broad range and high sensitivity. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1776. [PMID: 33741923 PMCID: PMC7979929 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21958-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensitivity and pressure range are two significant parameters of pressure sensors. Existing pressure sensors have difficulty achieving both high sensitivity and a wide pressure range. Therefore, we propose a new pressure sensor with a ternary nanocomposite Fe2O3/C@SnO2. The sea urchin-like Fe2O3 structure promotes signal transduction and protects Fe2O3 needles from mechanical breaking, while the acetylene carbon black improves the conductivity of Fe2O3. Moreover, one part of the SnO2 nanoparticles adheres to the surfaces of Fe2O3 needles and forms Fe2O3/SnO2 heterostructures, while its other part disperses into the carbon layer to form SnO2@C structure. Collectively, the synergistic effects of the three structures (Fe2O3/C, Fe2O3/SnO2 and SnO2@C) improves on the limited pressure response range of a single structure. The experimental results demonstrate that the Fe2O3/C@SnO2 pressure sensor exhibits high sensitivity (680 kPa−1), fast response (10 ms), broad range (up to 150 kPa), and good reproducibility (over 3500 cycles under a pressure of 110 kPa), implying that the new pressure sensor has wide application prospects especially in wearable electronic devices and health monitoring. Pressure sensors with high sensitivity and large pressure range is crucial to their various applications in electronic engineering. Here, Wang et al. propose a new design based on a ternary nanocomposite material and show high pressure sensitivity of 680 kPa−1 and fast response of 10 ms up to 150 kPa.
Collapse
|
28
|
Li D, Nan H, Mou P, Xu C, Shao F, Gu X, Ostrikov KK, Xiao S. High performance IGZO-based phototransistors by BN/BP interface engineering. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:025201. [PMID: 32957095 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abba59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Some advances have been achieved in developing heterojunctions consisting of indium-gallium-zinc oxide (a-IGZO) films and two dimensional (2D) van der Waals materials for optoelectronic applications in recent years, however, the improvement of IGZO channel itself via constructing such heterojunctions is rarely reported. Here, we report the huge improvement in photoresponse performances for the IGZO phototransistor devices by introducing boron nitride (BN)/black phosphorus (BP) interface engineering. By creating an appropriate band bending and an efficient photo-generated carrier transfer path between IGZO and BP, the recombination of the photo-generated carriers in the IGZO channel is significantly suppressed. As a result, the corresponding photoresponsivity at a wavelength of 447 nm can be promoted from 0.05 A W-1 to 0.3 A W-1. A corresponding maximum external quantum efficiency of 83.4% was obtained for the BN/BP decorated IGZO phototransistor. The results imply that such interface engineering via 2D materials can be used as a general route to high performance oxide-semiconductor based optoelectronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daqing Li
- Engineering Research Center of IoT Technology Applications (Ministry of Education) Department of Electronic Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Nan
- Engineering Research Center of IoT Technology Applications (Ministry of Education) Department of Electronic Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Penglin Mou
- Engineering Research Center of IoT Technology Applications (Ministry of Education) Department of Electronic Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Xu
- Engineering Research Center of IoT Technology Applications (Ministry of Education) Department of Electronic Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Shao
- Engineering Research Center of IoT Technology Applications (Ministry of Education) Department of Electronic Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Gu
- Engineering Research Center of IoT Technology Applications (Ministry of Education) Department of Electronic Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Kostya Ken Ostrikov
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering and Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane QLD 4000, Australia
- CSIRO-QUT Joint Sustainable Processes and Devices Laboratory, P.O. Box 218, Lindfield NSW 2070, Australia
| | - Shaoqing Xiao
- Engineering Research Center of IoT Technology Applications (Ministry of Education) Department of Electronic Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhu B, Zheng K, Chen X, Qiu J, Guo H, Zhang F, Lang L, Yu J, Bao J. Monolayer Janus Te2Se-based gas sensor to detect SO2 and NOx: a first-principles study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:1675-1683. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05750a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the adsorption of gas molecules, such as O2, NH3, CO, CO2, H2O, NOx (x = 1, 2) and SO2, on Janus Te2Se monolayer has been investigated by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao Zhu
- Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering
- Guilin University of Electronic Technology
- Guilin 541004
- China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems
| | - Kai Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems
- Education Ministry of China
- Chongqing University and College of Optoelectronic Engineering
- Chongqing University
- 400044 Chongqing
| | - Xianping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems
- Education Ministry of China
- Chongqing University and College of Optoelectronic Engineering
- Chongqing University
- 400044 Chongqing
| | - Jian Qiu
- Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering
- Guilin University of Electronic Technology
- Guilin 541004
- China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems
| | - Haojie Guo
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems
- Education Ministry of China
- Chongqing University and College of Optoelectronic Engineering
- Chongqing University
- 400044 Chongqing
| | - Fusheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems
- Education Ministry of China
- Chongqing University and College of Optoelectronic Engineering
- Chongqing University
- 400044 Chongqing
| | - Lei Lang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems
- Education Ministry of China
- Chongqing University and College of Optoelectronic Engineering
- Chongqing University
- 400044 Chongqing
| | - Jiabing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems
- Education Ministry of China
- Chongqing University and College of Optoelectronic Engineering
- Chongqing University
- 400044 Chongqing
| | - Jiading Bao
- Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering
- Guilin University of Electronic Technology
- Guilin 541004
- China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang X, Wei M, Li X, Shao S, Ren Y, Xu W, Li M, Liu W, Liu X, Zhao J. Large-Area Flexible Printed Thin-Film Transistors with Semiconducting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for NO 2 Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:51797-51807. [PMID: 33141551 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Development of large-area, low-cost, low-voltage, low-power consumption, flexible high-performance printed carbon nanotube thin-film transistors (TFTs) is helpful to promote their future applications in sensors and biosensors, wearable electronics, and the Internet of things. In this work, low-voltage, flexible printed carbon nanotube TFTs with a large-area and low-cost fabrication process were successfully constructed using ultrathin (∼3.6 nm) AlOx thin films formed by plasma oxidation of aluminum as dielectrics and screen-printed silver electrodes as contact electrodes. The as-prepared bottom-gate/bottom-contact carbon nanotube TFTs exhibit a low leakage current (∼10-10 A), a high charge carrier mobility (up to 9.9 cm2 V-1 s-1), high on/off ratios (higher than 105), and small subthreshold swings (80-120 mV/dec) at low operation voltages (from -1.5 to 1 V). At the same time, printed carbon nanotube TFTs showed a high response (ΔR/R = 99.6%) to NO2 gas even at 16 ppm with a faster response and recovery speed (∼8 s, exposure to 0.5 ppm NO2), a lower detection limit (0.069 ppm NO2), and a low power consumption (0.86 μW, exposure to 16 ppm NO2) at a gate voltage of 0.2 V at room temperature. Moreover, the printed carbon nanotube devices exhibited excellent mechanical flexibility and bias stress stability after 12,000 bending cycles at a radius of 5 mm and a bias stress test for 7200 s at a gate voltage of ±1 V, which originated from the ultrathin and compact AlOx dielectric and the super adhesion force between screen-printed silver electrodes and polyethylene terephthalate substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
- Printable Electronics Research Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Miaomiao Wei
- Printable Electronics Research Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
- Printable Electronics Research Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Shuangshuang Shao
- Printable Electronics Research Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Yunfei Ren
- Printable Electronics Research Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- Printable Electronics Research Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Min Li
- Printable Electronics Research Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Wentao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xuying Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jianwen Zhao
- Printable Electronics Research Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Jun L, Chen Q, Fu W, Yang Y, Zhu W, Zhang J. Electrospun Yb-Doped In 2O 3 Nanofiber Field-Effect Transistors for Highly Sensitive Ethanol Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:38425-38434. [PMID: 32786210 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the reliability and sensitivity of gas sensors based on FETs has been of extensive concern for their practical application. However, few reports are available on nanofiber FET gas sensors fabricated by the electrospinning process. In this work, ethanol gas sensors based on Yb-doped In2O3 (InYbO) nanofiber FETs are fabricated by a simple and fast electrospinning method. The optimized In2O3 nanofiber FETs with a doping concentration of 4 mol % show a better electrical performance, including a high mobility of 6.67 cm2/Vs, an acceptable threshold voltage of 3.27 V, and a suitable on/off current ratio of 107, especially the enhanced bias-stress stability. When employed in ethanol gas sensors, the gas sensors exhibit enhanced stability and improved sensitivity with a high response of 40-10 ppm, which is remarkably higher than that of previously reported ethanol gas sensors. Moreover, the InYbO nanofiber FET sensors also demonstrate a low limit of detection of 1 ppm and improved sensing performance ranging from sensitivity to the ability of selectivity. This work opens up a new prospect to achieve highly sensitive, selective, and reliable ethanol gas sensors using electrospun Yb-In2O3 nanofiber FETs with improved stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Jun
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Jiading, Shanghai 201800, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Jiading, Shanghai 201800, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Fu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Jiading, Shanghai 201800, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaohua Yang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Jiading, Shanghai 201800, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqing Zhu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Jiading, Shanghai 201800, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cao J, Zhou J, Liu J, Wang W, Chen J, Shi J, Zhang Y, Liu X. Sensing Behavior of Two Dimensional Al- and P-Doped WS 2 Toward NO, NO 2, and SO 2: an Ab Initio Study. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2020; 15:158. [PMID: 32757081 PMCID: PMC7406579 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03391-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs), such as WS2, are considered to have the potential for high-performance gas sensors. It is a pity that the interaction between gases and pristine 2D WS2 as the sensitive element is too weak so that the sensor response is difficult to detect. Herein, the sensing capabilities of Al- and P-doped WS2 to NO, NO2, and SO2 were evaluated. Especially, we considered selectivity to target gases and dopant concentration. Molecular models of the adsorption systems were constructed, and density functional theory (DFT) was used to explore the adsorption behaviors of these gases from the perspective of binding energy, band structure, and density of states (DOS). The results suggested that doping atoms could increase the adsorption strength between gas molecules and substrate. Besides, the sensitivity of P-doped WS2 to NO and NO2 was hardly affected by CO2 or H2O. The sensitivity of Al-doped WS2 to NO2 and SO2 was also hard to be affected by CO2 or H2O. For NO detection, the WS2 with 7.4% dopant concentration had better sensitive properties than that with a 3.7% dopant concentration. While for SO2, the result was just the opposite. This work provided a comprehensive reference for choosing appropriate dopants (concentration) into 2D materials for sensing noxious gases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiamu Cao
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China.
- MEMS Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Weiqi Wang
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Junyu Chen
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Jianing Shi
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- MEMS Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- MEMS Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lv YK, Li YY, Zhou RH, Pan YP, Yao HC, Li ZJ. N-Doped Graphene Quantum Dot-Decorated Three-Dimensional Ordered Macroporous In 2O 3 for NO 2 Sensing at Low Temperatures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:34245-34253. [PMID: 32633129 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) detection is of great importance because the emission of NO2 gas profoundly endangers the natural environment and human health. However, a few challenges, including lowering detection limit, improving response/recovery kinetics, and reducing working temperature, should be further addressed before practical applications. Herein, a series of N-doped graphene quantum dot (N-GQD)-modified three-dimensional ordered macroporous (3DOM) In2O3 composites are constructed and their NO2 response properties are studied. The results show that compared to pure 3DOM In2O3, reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/3DOM In2O3, and N-doped graphene sheets (NS)/3DOM In2O3, the N-GQDs/3DOM In2O3 sensing materials exhibit higher NO2 responses with fast response and recovery speed and low working temperature (100 °C). In addition, the detection limit of NO2 response for the optimal N-GQDs/In2O3 sensor is as low as 100 ppb. Upon exposure to CO, CH4, NH3, acetone, ethanol, toluene, and formaldehyde, only very weak responses could be observed, indicating good selectivity for the synthesized material. More attractively, the responses of the optimized N-GQDs/In2O3 sensor exhibit no obviously big fluctuation over 60 days, implying good long-term stability. We suggest that the formation of heterojunctions between 3DOM In2O3 and N-GQDs and the doping N atoms in N-GQDs play crucial roles in improving the NO2 sensing properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Kun Lv
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yan-Yang Li
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Rong-Hui Zhou
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yu-Ping Pan
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hong-Chang Yao
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhong-Jun Li
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang Y, Liao Q, She D, Lv Z, Gong Y, Ding G, Ye W, Chen J, Xiong Z, Wang G, Zhou Y, Han ST. Modulation of Binary Neuroplasticity in a Heterojunction-Based Ambipolar Transistor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:15370-15379. [PMID: 32153180 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To keep pace with the upcoming big-data era, the development of a device-level neuromorphic system with highly efficient computing paradigms is underway with numerous attempts. Synaptic transistors based on an all-solution processing method have received growing interest as building blocks for neuromorphic computing based on spikes. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrated the dual operation mode in poly{2,2-(2,5-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-3,6-dioxo-2,3,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-diyl)dithieno[3,2-b]thiophene-5,5-diyl-alt-thiophen-2,5-diyl}(PDPPBTT)/ZnO junction-based synaptic transistor from ambipolar charge-trapping mechanism to analog the spiking interfere with synaptic plasticity. The heterojunction formed by PDPPBTT and ZnO layers serves as the basis for hole-enhancement and electron-enhancement modes of the synaptic transistor. Distinctive synaptic responses of paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) and paired-pulse depression (PPD) were configured to achieve the training/recognition function for digit image patterns at the device-to-system level. The experimental results indicate the potential application of the ambipolar transistor in future neuromorphic intelligent systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiufan Liao
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghong She
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyu Lv
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Gong
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanglong Ding
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Ye
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinrui Chen
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyu Xiong
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoping Wang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Ting Han
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|