1
|
Sha D, Ding D, Tang S, Ma Z, Liu C, Yuan Y. Solvent-Triggered, Ultra-Adhesive, Conductive, and Biocompatible Transition Gels for Wearable Devices. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310731. [PMID: 38247187 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The development of robust adhesive, conductive, and flexible materials has garnered significant attention in the realm of human-machine interface and electronic devices. Conventional preparation methods to achieve these exceptional properties rely on incorporating highly polar raw materials, multiple components, or solvents. However, the overexposure of functional groups and the inherent toxicity of organic solvents often render gels non-stick or potentially biocompatible making them unsuitable for human-contact devices. In this study, a straightforward three-step strategy is devised for preparing responsive adhesive gels without complex components. Structurally conductive poly(N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-acrylamide-co-p-styrene sulfonate hydrate) (PHEAA-NaSS) gels are synthesized by integrating ionic and hydrophilic networks with distinct solvent effects. Initially, the in-suit formed PHEAA-NaSS networks are activated by dimethyl sulfoxide, which substantially increases intramolecular hydrogen bonding and enhances the matrix stretchability and interfacial adhesion. Subsequently, ethanol exchange reduced solvent impact and led to a compact network that limited surface exposure of ionic and hydrophilic groups, resulting in nonstick, robust for convenient storage. Finally, upon contacting with water, the network demonstrates rehydration, resulting in favorable adhesion, biocompatibility, and conductivity. The proposed PHEAA-NaSS/W gels can stably and reliably capture joint motion and electrophysiological signals. Furthermore, this uncomplicated gel preparation method is also applicable to other electrolyte monomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyong Sha
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Ding Ding
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Shuaimin Tang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Ma
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xie J, Wei S, Lu W, Wu S, Zhang Y, Wang R, Zhu N, Chen T. Environment-Interactive Programmable Deformation of Electronically Innervated Synergistic Fluorescence-Color/Shape Changeable Hydrogel Actuators. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2304204. [PMID: 37496099 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Utilization of life-like hydrogels to replicate synergistic shape/color changeable behaviors of living organisms has been long envisaged to produce robust functional integrated soft actuators/robots. However, it remains challenging to construct such hydrogel systems with integrated functionality of remote, localized and environment-interactive control over synergistic discoloration/actuation. Herein, inspired by the evolution-optimized bioelectricity stimulus and multilayer structure of natural reptile skins, electronically innervated fluorescence-color switchable hydrogel actuating systems with bio-inspired multilayer structure comprising of responsive fluorescent hydrogel sheet and conductive Graphene/PDMS film with electrothermal effect is presented. Such rational structure enables remote control over synergistic fluorescence-color and shape changes of the systems via the cascading "electrical trigger-Joule heat generation-hydrogel shrinkage" mechanism. Consequently, local/sequential control of discoloration/actuation are achieved due to the highly controllable electrical stimulus in terms of amplitude and circuit design. Furthermore, by joint use with acoustic sensors, soft chameleon robots with unprecedented environment-interactive adaptation are demonstrated, which can intelligently sense environment signals to adjust their color/shape-changeable behaviors. This work opens previously unidentified avenues for functional integrated soft actuators/robots and will inspire life-like intelligent systems for versatile uses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junni Xie
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shuxin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shuangshuang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ruijia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ning Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Y, Jiang X, Li X, Ding K, Liu X, Huang B, Ding J, Qu K, Sun W, Xue Z, Xu W. Bionic ordered structured hydrogels: structure types, design strategies, optimization mechanism of mechanical properties and applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:4033-4058. [PMID: 37522298 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00326d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Natural organisms, such as lobsters, lotus, and humans, exhibit exceptional mechanical properties due to their ordered structures. However, traditional hydrogels have limitations in their mechanical and physical properties due to their disordered molecular structures when compared with natural organisms. Therefore, inspired by nature and the properties of hydrogels similar to those of biological soft tissues, researchers are increasingly focusing on how to investigate bionic ordered structured hydrogels and render them as bioengineering soft materials with unique mechanical properties. In this paper, we systematically introduce the various structure types, design strategies, and optimization mechanisms used to enhance the strength, toughness, and anti-fatigue properties of bionic ordered structured hydrogels in recent years. We further review the potential applications of bionic ordered structured hydrogels in various fields, including sensors, bioremediation materials, actuators, and impact-resistant materials. Finally, we summarize the challenges and future development prospects of bionic ordered structured hydrogels in preparation and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Xinyu Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Xusheng Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Kexin Ding
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Xianrui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Bin Huang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Junjie Ding
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Keyu Qu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Wenzhi Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Zhongxin Xue
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| | - Wenlong Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Matonis S, Zhuang B, Bishop AF, Naik DA, Temel Z, Bettinger CJ. Edible Origami Actuators Using Gelatin-Based Bioplastics. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2023; 5:6288-6295. [PMID: 37588084 PMCID: PMC10425958 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.3c00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The potential of ingestible medical devices can be greatly enhanced through the use of smart structures made from stimuli-responsive materials. While hydration is a convenient stimulus for inducing shape changes in biomaterials, finding robust materials that can achieve rapid actuation, facile manufacturability, and biocompatibility suitable for ingestible medical devices poses practical challenges. Hydration is a convenient stimulus to induce shape changes in smart biomaterials; however, there are many practical challenges to identifying materials that can achieve rapid actuation and facile manufacturability while satisfying constraints associated with biocompatibility requirements and mechanical properties that are suitable for ingestible medical devices. Herein, we illustrate the formulation and processability of a moisture-responsive genipin-crosslinked gelatin bioplastic system, which can be processed into complex three-dimensional shapes. Mechanical characterization of bioplastic samples showed Young's Modulus values as high as 1845 MPa and toughness values up to 52 MJ/m3, using only food-safe ingredients. Custom molds and UV-laser processing enabled the fabrication of centimeter-scale structures with over 150 independent actuating joints. These self-actuating structures soften and unfold in response to surrounding moisture, eliminating the need for additional stimuli or actuating elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ailla F. Bishop
- Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Durva A. Naik
- Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Zeynep Temel
- Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jiang J, Xu S, Ma H, Li C, Huang Z. Photoresponsive hydrogel-based soft robot: A review. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100657. [PMID: 37229213 PMCID: PMC10205512 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft robots have received a lot of attention because of their great human-robot interaction and environmental adaptability. Most soft robots are currently limited in their applications due to wired drives. Photoresponsive soft robotics is one of the most effective ways to promote wireless soft drives. Among the many soft robotics materials, photoresponsive hydrogels have received a lot of attention due to their good biocompatibility, ductility, and excellent photoresponse properties. This paper visualizes and analyzes the research hotspots in the field of hydrogels using the literature analysis tool Citespace, demonstrating that photoresponsive hydrogel technology is currently a key research direction. Therefore, this paper summarizes the current state of research on photoresponsive hydrogels in terms of photochemical and photothermal response mechanisms. The progress of the application of photoresponsive hydrogels in soft robots is highlighted based on bilayer, gradient, orientation, and patterned structures. Finally, the main factors influencing its application at this stage are discussed, including the development directions and insights. Advancement in photoresponsive hydrogel technology is crucial for its application in the field of soft robotics. The advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods and structures should be considered in different application scenarios to select the best design scheme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Shuainan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Hongyuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China
- Harbin Branch of Taili Communication Technology Limited, China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Changpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang Y, Liu E, An W, Hu Y, Xia X, Xu S. Amphibious Nastic Hydrogel Based on the Tropic Movement of Gelatin and Its Opposite Phase Transition to PNIPAm. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:1522-1531. [PMID: 36757084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Mimicking the anisotropic structure and environmental adaptation of organisms in nature remains a key objective in the field of hydrogels. However, it has been very challenging due to complex fabrication and confined application only in water. Here, we demonstrate a new strategy of spontaneous fabrication of an anisotropic hydrogel based on our finding in the tropic movement of gelatin toward the Teflon template. The obtained hydrogel exhibits fast response and recovery under temperature stimuli both in aqueous and non-aqueous environments, making use of the approximate transition temperature and opposite phase transition behavior of gelatin and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm). Its recovery performance in water is more than 50 times faster than that of the PNIPAm hydrogel. Furthermore, the PNIPAm/gelatin hydrogel can achieve 3D complex deformations, stealth deformation, erasable and reprogrammed surface patterning, and multistage encryption by simply modulating the location and shape of gelatin to achieve an anisotropic structure. The work provides a simple and versatile way to obtain an anisotropic hydrogel with a definite and predictable structure, which is demonstrated across a range of different monomers. It improves the responsive performance and broadens the hydrogel application to the non-aqueous environment. Additionally, this tropic movement of gelatin can be extended for the design of new types of anisotropic materials and thus endows the materials with diverse functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - E Liu
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Wenli An
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yan Hu
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Xuehuan Xia
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Shimei Xu
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Huang YC, Cheng QP, Jeng US, Hsu SH. A Biomimetic Bilayer Hydrogel Actuator Based on Thermoresponsive Gelatin Methacryloyl-Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) Hydrogel with Three-Dimensional Printability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:5798-5810. [PMID: 36633046 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Development of hydrogel-based actuators with programmable deformation is an important topic that arouses much attention in fundamental and applied research. Most of these actuators are nonbiodegradable or work under nonphysiological conditions. Herein, a temperature-responsive and biodegradable gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel (i.e., GN hydrogel) network was explored as the active layer of a bilayer actuator. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) revealed that the GN hydrogel formed a mesoglobular structure (∼230 Å) upon a thermally induced phase transition. Rheological data supported that the GN hydrogel possessed 3D printability and tunable mechanical properties. A bilayer hydrogel actuator composed of active GN and passive GelMA layers was optimized by varying the layer thickness and compositions to achieve large, reproducible, and anisotropic bending with a curvature of ∼5.5 cm-1. Different patterns of the active layer were designed for actuation in programmable control. The 3D printed GN hydrogel constructs showed significant volume reduction (∼25-60% depending on construct design) at 37 °C with the resolution enhanced by the thermo-triggered actuation, while they were able to fully reswell at room temperature. A more intricate 3D printed butterfly actuator demonstrated the ability to mimic the wing movement through thermoresponsiveness. Furthermore, myoblasts laden in the GN hydrogel exhibited significant proliferation of ∼376% in 14 days. This study provides a new fabrication approach for developing biomimetic devices, artificial muscles, and soft robotics for biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Huang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Qian-Pu Cheng
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan, ROC
| | - U-Ser Jeng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu30076, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli35053, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yu T, Wang B, Yu L. Dual‐mode color‐changing
pH
sensor based on fluorescent
MOF
embedded photonic crystal hydrogel. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202200064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Bin Wang
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science Tianjin Chengjian University Tianjin China
| | - Li‐Ping Yu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shen H, Lin Q, Tang H, Tian Y, Zhang X. Fabrication of Temperature- and Alcohol-Responsive Photonic Crystal Hydrogel and Its Application for Sustained Drug Release. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:3785-3794. [PMID: 35298167 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Herein, crack-free photonic crystal templates with enhanced color contrast were first demonstrated by the coassembly of polystyrene (PS) microspheres and graphene oxide (GO). Then, photonic crystal hydrogels (PCHs) with quick responses to temperature and alcohol solution concentration changes were fabricated by photopolymerization of monomers in the gaps of the self-assembled colloidal crystal templates. The structural color of the PCHs changed from yellow to blue within 120 s as the temperature rose from 25 to 40 °C, whereas upon a decrease in temperature from 40 to 25 °C, the structural color changed from blue to yellow. The structural color of the PCHs also shows an obvious response with the concentration of alcohol solution ranging from 40 to 100 wt %. The quick responses of the PCHs' structural color to changes in temperature and alcohol solution concentration are attributed to the temperature sensitivity of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and preferential adsorption and swelling of the alcohol solution for the polymer chains. Furthermore, moxifloxacin (Mox) was loaded into PCHs by hydrogel swelling and exhibited sustained released by increasing the temperature. The sustained release process was facilely monitored by observing the corresponding color changes in real time. The rapid and visible response offers the fabricated PCHs great potential application prospects in the semiquantitative analysis of alcohol concentration and intelligent drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Qian Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Huachun Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yuqin Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xinya Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Guo X, Huang W, Tong J, Chen L, Shi X. One-step programmable electrofabrication of chitosan asymmetric hydrogels with 3D shape deformation. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118888. [PMID: 34893290 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Programmable asymmetric hydrogels with tunable structure/shape or physical/chemical properties in response to external stimuli show particular significance in smart systems, but there is lack of simple, rapid, and cheap strategy to design such hydrogel systems. Herein, we report a one-step electrodeposition method to construct chitosan asymmetric hydrogels with tunable thickness and pore size that can be conveniently modulated by the process parameters. Our approach greatly simplifies the process of hydrogel preparation with complex shapes and asymmetric structure organization. The formation mechanism of asymmetric structure has been proposed, based on gelation behavior and entanglement of chitosan chains in the hydrogel-solution system under the electric field. By changing the shape of the electrodes, hydrogels with the morphology of strip, tube, flower, etc. can be obtained precisely and conveniently. They can perform programmable 2D to 3D smart dynamic deformation under pH and metal ions stimulation, indicating the broad application potential in soft robot and biosensor areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia Guo
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymers-Based Medical Materials, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Weijuan Huang
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jun Tong
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymers-Based Medical Materials, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Lingyun Chen
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Xiaowen Shi
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymers-Based Medical Materials, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wu B, Xue Y, Ali I, Lu H, Yang Y, Yang X, Lu W, Zheng Y, Chen T. The Dynamic Mortise-and-Tenon Interlock Assists Hydrated Soft Robots Toward Off-Road Locomotion. RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.34133/research.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Natural locomotion such as walking, crawling, and swimming relies on spatially controlled deformation of soft tissues, which could allow efficient interaction with the external environment. As one of the ideal candidates for biomimetic materials, hydrogels can exhibit versatile bionic morphings. However, it remains an enormous challenge to transfer these in situ deformations to locomotion, particularly above complex terrains. Herein, inspired by the crawling mode of inchworms, an isotropic hydrogel with thermoresponsiveness could evolve to an anisotropic hydrogel actuator via interfacial diffusion polymerization, further evolving to multisection structure and exhibiting adaptive deformation with diverse degrees of freedom. Therefore, a dynamic mortise-and-tenon interlock could be generated through the interaction between the self-deformation of the hydrogel actuator and rough terrains, inducing continual multidimensional locomotion on various artificial rough substrates and natural sandy terrain. Interestingly, benefiting from the powerful mechanical energy transfer capability, the crawlable hydrogel actuators could also be utilized as hydrogel motors to activate static cargos to overstep complex terrains, which exhibit the potential application of a biomimetic mechanical discoloration device. Therefore, we believe that this design principle and control strategy may be of potential interest to the field of deformable materials, soft robots, and biomimetic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baoyi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaoting Xue
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Israt Ali
- INRS-EMT, 1650 Boul. Lionel Boulet, Varennes J3X 0A1, Canada
| | - Huanhuan Lu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Ningbo Polytechnic, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Yuming Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education Ministry of China, Key Laboratory of Clinical Evaluation Technology for Medical Device of Zhejiang Province, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xuxu Yang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yinfei Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education Ministry of China, Key Laboratory of Clinical Evaluation Technology for Medical Device of Zhejiang Province, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Research Center for Humanoid Sensing, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311100, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu Z, Bisoyi HK, Huang Y, Wang M, Yang H, Li Q. Thermo‐ and Mechanochromic Camouflage and Self‐Healing in Biomimetic Soft Actuators Based on Liquid Crystal Elastomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongcheng Liu
- Institute of Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
| | - Yinliang Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Meng Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Hong Yang
- Institute of Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Quan Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu Z, Bisoyi HK, Huang Y, Wang M, Yang H, Li Q. Thermo- and Mechanochromic Camouflage and Self-Healing in Biomimetic Soft Actuators Based on Liquid Crystal Elastomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202115755. [PMID: 34904346 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In nature, many mysterious creatures capable of deformation camouflage, color camouflage, and self-healing have inspired scientists to develop various biomimetic soft robots. However, the systematic integration of all the above functionalities into a single soft actuator system still remains a challenge. Here we chemically introduce a multi-stimuli-responsive tetraarylsuccinonitrile (TASN) chromophore into a liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) network through a facile thiol-ene photoaddition method. The obtained TASN-LCE soft actuators not only exhibit reversible shape-morphing and reversible color-changing behavior in response to heat and mechanical compression, but also show excellent self-healing, reprogramming and recycling characteristics. We hope that such a TASN-LCE actuator system endowed with dynamic distortion, thermo- and mechano-chromic camouflage, and self-healing functionalities would pave the way for further development of multifunctional biomimetic soft robotic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongcheng Liu
- Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical, Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Yinliang Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Quan Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.,Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical, Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Colloidal self-assembly refers to a solution-processed assembly of nanometer-/micrometer-sized, well-dispersed particles into secondary structures, whose collective properties are controlled by not only nanoparticle property but also the superstructure symmetry, orientation, phase, and dimension. This combination of characteristics makes colloidal superstructures highly susceptible to remote stimuli or local environmental changes, representing a prominent platform for developing stimuli-responsive materials and smart devices. Chemists are achieving even more delicate control over their active responses to various practical stimuli, setting the stage ready for fully exploiting the potential of this unique set of materials. This review addresses the assembly of colloids into stimuli-responsive or smart nanostructured materials. We first delineate the colloidal self-assembly driven by forces of different length scales. A set of concepts and equations are outlined for controlling the colloidal crystal growth, appreciating the importance of particle connectivity in creating responsive superstructures. We then present working mechanisms and practical strategies for engineering smart colloidal assemblies. The concepts underpinning separation and connectivity control are systematically introduced, allowing active tuning and precise prediction of the colloidal crystal properties in response to external stimuli. Various exciting applications of these unique materials are summarized with a specific focus on the structure-property correlation in smart materials and functional devices. We conclude this review with a summary of existing challenges in colloidal self-assembly of smart materials and provide a perspective on their further advances to the next generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Qingsong Fan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yadong Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hu Y, Yang Y, Tian F, Xu P, Du R, Xia X, Xu S. Fabrication of Stiffness Gradient Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Mimicking Cell Microenvironment. Macromol Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-021-9056-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
16
|
Wang Z, Hou X, Duan N, Ren Y, Yan F. Shape- and Color-Switchable Polyurethane Thermochromic Actuators Based on Metal-Containing Ionic Liquids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:28878-28888. [PMID: 34109779 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many creatures have excellent control over their form, color, and morphology, allowing them to respond to the interaction of environmental stimuli better. Here, the bioinspired synergistic shape-color-switchable actuators based on thermally induced shape-memory triethanolamine cross-linked polyurethane (TEAPU) and thermochromic ionic liquids (ILs) were prepared. The thermochromic ILs with various metalized anions, including bis(1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium) tetrachloro nickelate ([Bmim]2[NiCl4]) and bis(1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium) tetrachloride cobalt ([Bmim]2[CoCl4]), are investigated. The actuators exhibit thermochromic response, as evidenced by a shift in the color of the composites, which is due to the formation of the tetrahedral complex MCl42- (M = Ni and Co) after dehydration. The shape-color-switchable thermochromic actuators have strong molecular interaction between TEAPU and ILs and can mimic natural flowers and change the color and shape quickly in a narrow temperature range (30-70 °C). In addition, these thermochromic actuators can lift more than 50 times their weight and withstand strains of more than 1100%. The results represent the potential application in artificial muscle actuators and intelligent camouflages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyong Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, No. 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiao Hou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, No. 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ning Duan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, No. 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yongyuan Ren
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, No. 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Feng Yan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, No. 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wei S, Qiu H, Shi H, Lu W, Liu H, Yan H, Zhang D, Zhang J, Theato P, Wei Y, Chen T. Promotion of Color-Changing Luminescent Hydrogels from Thermo to Electrical Responsiveness toward Biomimetic Skin Applications. ACS NANO 2021; 15:10415-10427. [PMID: 34061509 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The active color-changing ability of many living species has inspired scientists to replicate the optical property into soft wet and tissue-like hydrogel materials. However, the color-changing processes of most reported examples are controlled by the traditional stimuli (e.g., pH, temperature, and ions), which may suffer from the residual chemical product accumulation, and have difficulty in achieving local control and integration into the commercial robots, especially when applied as biomimetic skins. Herein, inspired by the nervous (bioelectricity) control of skin color change in cephalopods, we present an electrically powered multicolor fluorescent hydrogel system with asymmetric configuration that couples thermoresponsive fluorescent hydrogel with stacked graphene assembly (SGA)-based conductive paper through luminous paint as the middle layer. Owing to the highly controllable electrical stimulus in terms of amplitude and duration, the Joule heat supplied by SGA film can be regulated locally and in real time, leading to precise and local emission color control at low voltage. It also avoids the addition of any chemicals. Furthermore, the electrically powered color-changing hydrogel system can be conveniently integrated into the commercial robots as biomimetic skins that help them achieve desirable camouflage, display, or alarming functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huiyu Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Huihui Shi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huizhen Yan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Dachuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Patrick Theato
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Institute for Biological Interfaces III, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesser Str. 18, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Yen Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yang Y, Wang T, Tian F, Wang X, Hu Y, Xia X, Xu S. PEG-Induced Controllable Thin-Thickness Gradient and Water Retention: A Simple Way to Programme Deformation of Hydrogel Actuators. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2000749. [PMID: 34128581 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Building the differential growth through the thickness is a promising and challenging approach to design the morphing structures of hydrogel actuators. Besides retaining the size of the hydrogel actuators under environmental stimuli still remains a big challenge. Herein, a facile and universal approach is developed to address both issues by introducing PEG during the polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) via one step method using asymmetric mold. Both composition gradient and pore gradient are obtained in micro level along the thickness direction of the final hydrogel, while thin-thickness gradient in macro level. The thickness gradient and water retention can be controllably adjusted by changing PEG concentration. The introduction of PEG effectively improves both responsive and non-shrunken performance by the interaction with PNIPAm. The resultant anisotropic PNIPAm/PEG hydrogel respond quickly and reach maximum deformation (360°) within 10 s at low temperature (40 °C). The various 3D shape and biomimetic movement can be programmed by simply controlling the PEG concentration and mold shape. This strategy can provide new insights into the design intelligent soft materials with 3D morphing for bioinspired and biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials(MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Ting Wang
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials(MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Fei Tian
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials(MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xionglei Wang
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials(MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yan Hu
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials(MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xuehuan Xia
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials(MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Shimei Xu
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials(MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li J, Chen F, Lin X, Ding T. Hydrogen-bonding-assisted toughening of hierarchical carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogels for biomechanical sensing. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 269:118252. [PMID: 34294289 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Herein we present a CMC based hydrogel that can be engineered for texture by applying a soaking strategy after freeze-thaw. These two processes lead to a hierarchal structure within the CMC polymer hydrogels. Such hydrogels can be strain hardening; that is the gel modulus increases with higher strain levels. Both the failure stress and energy are high (1.54 MPa and 9.94 kJm-2 respectively). At sub-failure strains, the hydrogels show a high degree of recoverability as evidenced by their minimal hysteresis in a stress-strain test. Furthermore, these hydrogels are electrically conductive making them good candidates for tough sensors and wearable electronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Transportation Engineering and Environment, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, 17 Beierhuan East Road, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
| | - Fangqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaobo Lin
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Transportation Engineering and Environment, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, 17 Beierhuan East Road, Shijiazhuang 050043, China.
| | - Tao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu B, Li F, Niu P, Li H. Tough Adhesion of Freezing- and Drying-Tolerant Transparent Nanocomposite Organohydrogels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:21822-21830. [PMID: 33913687 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tough hydrogels with strong wet adhesion have drawn extensive attention for various applications. However, it is still challenging to achieve both excellent wet adhesion and freezing- and drying-tolerance in hydrogels. In this study, we present tough transparent nanocomposite organohydrogels based on the glycerol-water binary solvent system in the presence of Al(OH)3 nanoparticles as a cross-linker. The resultant organohydrogels exhibited excellent tensile strength (∼0.9 MPa), high transparency (97%), superior anti-drying and anti-freezing properties, and good ionic conductivity. In particular, polyacrylic acid (PAA) was chosen as the bridging polymer to endow the organohydrogels with strong wet adhesion. The interfacial adhesion energy exceeded 2200 J m-2, which was ascribed to the synergy of ionic coordination and hydrogen bonds between the nanoparticles and carboxyl groups in PAA chains. Interestingly, based on the strong wet adhesion, the transparent organohydrogels can be assembled into hydraulically driven soft variable-focus lenses with long-term ambient stability. This work will provide a new insight into controlled wet adhesion ̵of hydrogel and have great potential for hydrogel-based functional devices with long-term ambient stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Feibo Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Pengying Niu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Huanjun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chen Y, Liu T, Wang G, Liu J, Zhao L, Zhang R, Yu Y. Intelligent response bilayer hydrogel with controllable deformation-recovery and shape memory. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
22
|
Ren Y, Liu Z, Jin G, Yang M, Shao Y, Li W, Wu Y, Liu L, Yan F. Electric-Field-Induced Gradient Ionogels for Highly Sensitive, Broad-Range-Response, and Freeze/Heat-Resistant Ionic Fingers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2008486. [PMID: 33576082 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202008486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Human fingers exhibit both high sensitivity and wide tactile range. The finger skin structures are designed to display gradient microstructures and compressibility. Inspired by the gradient mechanical Young's modulus distribution, an electric-field-induced cationic crosslinker migration strategy is demonstrated to prepare gradient ionogels. Due to the gradient of the crosslinkers, the ionogels exhibit more than four orders of magnitude difference between the anode and the cathode side, enabling gradient ionogel-based flexible iontronic sensors having high-sensitivity and broader-range detection (from 3 × 102 to 2.5 × 106 Pa) simultaneously. Moreover, owing to the remarkable properties of the gradient ionogels, the flexible iontronic sensors also show good long-time stability (even after 10 000 cycles loadings) and excellent performance over a wide temperature range (from -108 to 300 °C). The flexible iontronic sensors are further integrated on soft grips, exhibiting remarkable performance under various conditions. These attractive features demonstrate that gradient ionogels will be promising candidates for smart sensor applications in complex and extreme conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongyuan Ren
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ziyang Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Guoqing Jin
- Robotics and Microsystems Centre, School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Mengke Yang
- Robotics and Microsystems Centre, School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yizhe Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structure, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Weizheng Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yiqing Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lili Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Feng Yan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Shao Z, Wu S, Zhang Q, Xie H, Xiang T, Zhou S. Salt-responsive polyampholyte-based hydrogel actuators with gradient porous structures. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01492c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A polyampholyte-based hydrogel actuator with water-responsive shape deformation was fabricated, and the gradient distribution of chemical composition was proved by micro-FTIR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Shao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
| | - Shanshan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
| | - Hui Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
| | - Tao Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
| | - Shaobing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jiao C, Zhang J, Liu T, Peng X, Wang H. Mechanically Strong, Tough, and Shape Deformable Poly(acrylamide- co-vinylimidazole) Hydrogels Based on Cu 2+ Complexation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:44205-44214. [PMID: 32871067 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Shape deformable hydrogels have drawn great attention due to their wide applications as soft actuators. Here we report a novel kind of mechanically strong, tough, and shape deformable poly(acrylamide-co-vinylimidazole) [poly(AAm-co-VI)] hydrogel prepared by photoinitiated copolymerization and the followed immersing in a Cu2+ aqueous solution. Strong Cu2+ complexation with imidazole groups dramatically enhances the mechanical properties of the hydrogels, whose tensile strength, elastic modulus, toughness, and fracture energy reach up to 7.7 ± 0.76 MPa, 15.4 ± 1.2 MPa, 23.2 ± 2.5 MJ m-3, and 22.1 ± 2.3 kJ m-2, respectively. More impressively, shape deformation (bending) can be easily achieved by coating Cu2+ solution on one side of hydrogel strips. Furthermore, precise control of the shape deformation from 1D to 2D and 2D to 3D can be achieved by adjusting Cu2+ concentration, coating time, region, and one or two side(s) of hydrogel samples. The Cu2+ complexation provides a simple way to simultaneously improve the mechanical properties of hydrogels and enable them with shape deformability. The mechanically strong, tough, and shape deformable hydrogels might be a promising candidate for soft actuators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Jiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
- Leibniz-Institute für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jianan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Xin Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Huiliang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
|
26
|
Zinkovska N, Smilek J, Pekar M. Gradient Hydrogels-The State of the Art in Preparation Methods. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E966. [PMID: 32326192 PMCID: PMC7240752 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gradient hydrogels refer to hydrogel materials with a gradual or abrupt change in one or some of their properties. They represent examples of more sophisticated gel materials in comparison to simple, native gel networks. Here, we review techniques used to prepare gradient hydrogels which have been reported in literature over the last few years. A variety of simple preparation methods are available, most of which can be relatively easily utilized in standard laboratories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Zinkovska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 464/118, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Smilek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 464/118, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Pekar
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 464/118, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|