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Colombi S, Alemán C, García-Torres J. Free-standing, flexible and conformable bilayered polymeric nanomembranes modified with gold nanomaterials as electronic skin sensors. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2025; 250:114558. [PMID: 39947097 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2025] [Accepted: 02/06/2025] [Indexed: 03/15/2025]
Abstract
Skin is a barrier that protects us against physical, chemical and biological agents. However, any damage to the skin can disrupt this barrier and therefore compromise its function leading to sometimes catastrophic consequences like sepsis. Thus, methods to detect early signs of infection are necessary. In this work, we have developed a straightforward method for producing 2D nanomembranes with regularly spaced 1D metallic nanostructures integrating sensing capabilities to pH and NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), which are critical analytes revealing infection. To achieve this, we have successfully fabricated a bilayered nanomembrane combining a pH-responsive polyaniline (PANI) layer and a nanoperforated poly(lactic acid) (PLA) layer containing gold nanowires (Au NWs) as NADH sensing element. SEM, FTIR, Raman and AFM techniques revealed the formation of the bilayered PANI/PLA nanomembrane and the successful incorporation of the Au NWs inside the nanoperforations. The resulting bilayered nanomembrane showed significant flexibility and conformability onto different substrates due to the softness of the polymers and the ultrathin thickness with stiffness values similar to human skin. These nanomembranes also exhibited remarkable electrochemical sensing performance towards pH and NADH detection. Thus, the nanomembrane displayed linearity with good sensitivity (47 mV pH-1) in the critical pH range 4-10 and fast response time (10 s). On the other hand, PANI/PLA-Au nanomembranes also allowed the quantitative sensing of NADH with a limit of detection of 0.39 mM and a sensitivity of 1 µA cm-2 mM-1 in the concentration range 0-5 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Colombi
- IMEM-BRT Group, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Barcelona 08019, Spain; Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech, Barcelona 08019, Spain
| | - Carlos Alemán
- IMEM-BRT Group, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Barcelona 08019, Spain; Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech, Barcelona 08019, Spain; Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona 08028, Spain.
| | - Jose García-Torres
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech, Barcelona 08019, Spain; Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, Barcelona 08019, Spain; CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Zaragoza 50018, Spain.
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Sethi V, Verma C, Gupta A, Mukhopadhyay S, Gupta B. Infection-Resistant Polypropylene Hernia Mesh: Vision & Innovations. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2025; 8:1797-1819. [PMID: 39943674 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c01751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2025]
Abstract
The surgical repair of hernias, a prevalent condition affecting millions worldwide, has traditionally relied on polypropylene (PP) mesh due to its favorable mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, postoperative infections remain a significant complication, underscoring the need for the development of infection-resistant hernia meshes. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of current advancements and innovative strategies aimed at enhancing the infection resistance of PP mesh. It presents an overview of various research efforts focused on the integration of antimicrobial agents, surface modifications, and the development of bioactive coatings to prevent bacterial colonization and biofilm formation. Additionally, the synergistic effects of novel material designs and the role of nanotechnology in optimizing the anti-infective properties of PP mesh are explored. Recent clinical outcomes and in vitro studies are critically examined, highlighting challenges and potential future directions in the development of next-generation hernia meshes. Emphasis is placed on the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in advancing surgical materials with the ultimate goal of improving patient outcomes in hernia repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipula Sethi
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Chetna Verma
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Amlan Gupta
- Department of Histopathology and Transfusion Medicine, Jay Prabha Medanta Hospital, Patna 800020, Bihar, India
| | - Samrat Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Bhuvanesh Gupta
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
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Saulnier J, Jose C, Lagarde F. Electrochemical techniques for label-free and early detection of growing microbial cells and biofilms. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 155:108587. [PMID: 37839250 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, the misuse or abuse of antimicrobial agents to prevent and/or control infections has led to increased resistance of microbes to treatments, and antimicrobial resistance is now a subject of major global concern. In some cases, microbes possess the capacity to attach to biotic or abiotic surfaces, and to produce a protective polymeric matrix, forming biofilms of higher resistance and virulence compared to planktonic forms. To avoid further excessive and inappropriate use of antimicrobials, and to propose new effective treatments, it is very important to detect planktonic microbes and microbial biofilms in their early growth stage and at the point of need. In this review, we provide an overview of currently available electrochemical techniques, in particular impedimetric and voltamperometric methods, highlighting recent advances in the field and illustrating with examples in antibiotic susceptibility testing and microbial biofilm monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joelle Saulnier
- Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institute of Analytical Sciences, CNRS, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Catherine Jose
- Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institute of Analytical Sciences, CNRS, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Florence Lagarde
- Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institute of Analytical Sciences, CNRS, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
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Lanzalaco S, Weis C, Traeger KA, Turon P, Alemán C, Armelin E. Mechanical Properties of Smart Polypropylene Meshes: Effects of Mesh Architecture, Plasma Treatment, Thermosensitive Coating, and Sterilization Process. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:3699-3711. [PMID: 37232093 PMCID: PMC10889589 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Smart polypropylene (PP) hernia meshes were proposed to detect surgical infections and to regulate cell attachment-modulated properties. For this purpose, lightweight and midweight meshes were modified by applying a plasma treatment for subsequent grafting of a thermosensitive hydrogel, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm). However, both the physical treatment with plasma and the chemical processes required for the covalent incorporation of PNIPAAm can modify the mechanical properties of the mesh and thus have an influence in hernia repair procedures. In this work, the mechanical performance of plasma-treated and hydrogel-grafted meshes preheated at 37 °C has been compared with standard meshes using bursting and the suture pull out tests. Furthermore, the influence of the mesh architecture, the amount of grafted hydrogel, and the sterilization process on such properties have been examined. Results reveal that although the plasma treatment reduces the bursting and suture pull out forces, the thermosensitive hydrogel improves the mechanical resistance of the meshes. Moreover, the mechanical performance of the meshes coated with the PNIPAAm hydrogel is not influenced by ethylene oxide gas sterilization. Micrographs of the broken meshes evidence the role of the hydrogel as reinforcing coating for the PP filaments. Overall, results confirm that the modification of PP medical textiles with a biocompatible thermosensitive hydrogel do not affect, and even improve, the mechanical requirements necessary for the implantation of these prostheses in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Lanzalaco
- IMEM-BRT Group, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christine Weis
- Research and Development Centre, B. Braun Surgical, S.A.U., Carretera de Terrassa 121, Rubí, Barcelona 08191, Spain
| | - Kamelia A Traeger
- Research and Development Centre, B. Braun Surgical, S.A.U., Carretera de Terrassa 121, Rubí, Barcelona 08191, Spain
| | - Pau Turon
- Research and Development Centre, B. Braun Surgical, S.A.U., Carretera de Terrassa 121, Rubí, Barcelona 08191, Spain
| | - Carlos Alemán
- IMEM-BRT Group, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elaine Armelin
- IMEM-BRT Group, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08930 Barcelona, Spain
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