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Drago S, Utzeri MA, Mauro N, Cavallaro G. Polyamidoamine-Carbon Nanodot Conjugates with Bioreducible Building Blocks: Smart Theranostic Platforms for Targeted siRNA Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1191-1204. [PMID: 38178792 PMCID: PMC10865362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
This study focuses on designing hybrid theranostic nanosystems, utilizing gadolinium-doped carbon nanodots decorated with bioreducible amphoteric polyamidoamines (PAAs). The objective is to synergize the exceptional theranostic properties of gadolinium-doped carbon nanodots (CDs) with the siRNA complexation capabilities of PAAs. Linear copolymeric polyamidoamines, based on N,N'-bis(acryloyl)cystamine, arginine, and agmatine, were synthesized, resulting in three distinct amphoteric copolymers. Notably, sulfur bridges within the PAA repeating units confer pronounced susceptibility to glutathione-mediated degradation─a key attribute in the tumor microenvironment. This pathway enables controlled and stimuli-responsive siRNA release, theoretically providing precise spatiotemporal control over therapeutic interventions. The selected PAA, conjugated with CDs using the redox-sensitive spacer cystamine, formed the CDs-Cys-PAA conjugate with superior siRNA complexing capacity. Stable against polyanion exchange, the CDs-Cys-PAA/siRNA complex released siRNA in the presence of GSH. In vitro studies assessed cytocompatibility, internalization, and gene silencing efficacy on HeLa, MCF-7, and 16HBE cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore
Emanuele Drago
- Laboratory of Biocompatible
Polymers, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
and Technologies (STEBICEF), University
of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mara Andrea Utzeri
- Laboratory of Biocompatible
Polymers, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
and Technologies (STEBICEF), University
of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Nicolò Mauro
- Laboratory of Biocompatible
Polymers, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
and Technologies (STEBICEF), University
of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gennara Cavallaro
- Laboratory of Biocompatible
Polymers, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
and Technologies (STEBICEF), University
of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
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2
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Drago SE, Cabibbo M, Craparo EF, Cavallaro G. TAT decorated siRNA polyplexes for inhalation delivery in anti-asthma therapy. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 190:106580. [PMID: 37717668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel protonable copolymer was designed to deliver siRNA through the inhalation route, as an innovative formulation for the management of asthma. This polycation was synthesized by derivatization of α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)D,L-aspartamide (PHEA) first with 1,2-Bis(3-aminopropylamino)ethane (bAPAE) and then with a proper amount of maleimide terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-MLB), with the aim to increase the superficial hydrophilicity of the system, allowing the diffusion trough the mucus layer. Once the complexation ability of the copolymer has been evaluated, obtaining nanosized polyplexes, polyplexes were functionalized on the surface with a thiolated TAT peptide, a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP), exploiting a thiol-ene reaction. TAT decorated polyplexes result to be highly cytocompatible and able to retain the siRNA with a suitable complexation weight ratio during the diffusion process through the mucus. Despite polyplexes establish weak bonds with the mucin chains, these can diffuse efficiently through the mucin layer and therefore potentially able to reach the bronchial epithelium. Furthermore, through cellular uptake studies, it was possible to observe how the obtained polyplexes penetrate effectively in the cytoplasm of bronchial epithelial cells, where they can reduce IL-8 gene expression, after LPS exposure. In the end, in order to obtain a formulation administrable as an inhalable dry powder, polyplexes were encapsulated in mannitol-based microparticles, by spray freeze drying, obtaining highly porous particles with proper technological characteristics that make them potentially administrable by inhalation route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Emanuele Drago
- Lab of Biocompatible Polymers, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, Palermo 90123, Italy
| | - Marta Cabibbo
- Lab of Biocompatible Polymers, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, Palermo 90123, Italy
| | - Emanuela Fabiola Craparo
- Lab of Biocompatible Polymers, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, Palermo 90123, Italy
| | - Gennara Cavallaro
- Lab of Biocompatible Polymers, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, Palermo 90123, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM) of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Advanced Technology and Network Center (ATeN Center), Università di Palermo, Palermo 90133, Italy.
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Raja RK, Nguyen-Tri P, Balasubramani G, Alagarsamy A, Hazir S, Ladhari S, Saidi A, Pugazhendhi A, Samy AA. SARS-CoV-2 and its new variants: a comprehensive review on nanotechnological application insights into potential approaches. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2023; 13:65-93. [PMID: 34131555 PMCID: PMC8190993 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-01900-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) spreads and develops quickly worldwide as a new global crisis which has left deep socio-economic damage and massive human mortality. This virus accounts for the ongoing outbreak and forces an urgent need to improve antiviral therapeutics and targeted diagnosing tools. Researchers have been working to find a new drug to combat the virus since the outbreak started in late 2019, but there are currently no successful drugs to control the SARS-CoV-2, which makes the situation riskier. Very recently, new variant of SARS-CoV-2 is identified in many countries which make the situation very critical. No successful treatment has yet been shown although enormous international commitment to combat this pandemic and the start of different clinical trials. Nanomedicine has outstanding potential to solve several specific health issues, like viruses, which are regarded a significant medical issue. In this review, we presented an up-to-date drug design strategy against SARS-CoV-2, including the development of novel drugs and repurposed product potentials were useful, and successful drugs discovery is a constant requirement. The use of nanomaterials in treatment against SARS-CoV-2 and their use as carriers for the transport of the most frequently used antiviral therapeutics are discussed systematically here. We also addressed the possibilities of practical applications of nanoparticles to give the status of COVID-19 antiviral systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Phuong Nguyen-Tri
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University du Québec àTrois-Rivieres, Trois-Rivieres, Canada
| | - Govindasamy Balasubramani
- Aquatic Animal Health and Environmental Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai, 600028 India
| | - Arun Alagarsamy
- Department of Microbiology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu 630003 India
| | - Selcuk Hazir
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Safa Ladhari
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University du Québec àTrois-Rivieres, Trois-Rivieres, Canada
| | - Alireza Saidi
- Institut de Recherche Robert-Sauvé en Santé et en Sécurité du Travail (IRSST), 505 Boulevard de Maisonneuve O, Montréal, QC H3A 3C2 Canada
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Baudis S, Behl M. High-Throughput and Combinatorial Approaches for the Development of Multifunctional Polymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 43:e2100400. [PMID: 34460146 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput (HT) development of new multifunctional polymers is accomplished by the combination of different HT tools established in polymer sciences in the last decade. Important advances are robotic/HT synthesis of polymer libraries, the HT characterization of polymers, and the application of spatially resolved polymer library formats, explicitly microarray and gradient libraries. HT polymer synthesis enables the generation of material libraries with combinatorial design motifs. Polymer composition, molecular weight, macromolecular architecture, etc. may be varied in a systematic, fine-graded manner to obtain libraries with high chemical diversity and sufficient compositional resolution as model systems for the screening of these materials for the functions aimed. HT characterization allows a fast assessment of complementary properties, which are employed to decipher quantitative structure-properties relationships. Moreover, these methods facilitate the HT determination of important surface parameters by spatially resolved characterization methods, including time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Here current methods for the high-throughput robotic synthesis of multifunctional polymers as well as their characterization are presented and advantages as well as present limitations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Baudis
- Institute of Active Polymers, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, 14513, Teltow, Germany
| | - Marc Behl
- Institute of Active Polymers, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, 14513, Teltow, Germany
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Jia L, Gao Y, Zhou T, Zhao XL, Hu HY, Chen DW, Qiao MX. Enhanced response to PD-L1 silencing by modulation of TME via balancing glucose metabolism and robust co-delivery of siRNA/Resveratrol with dual-responsive polyplexes. Biomaterials 2021; 271:120711. [PMID: 33592352 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since cellular metabolism reprogramming is one of the crucial hallmarks of tumor, glucose metabolic pathways are emerging as an important target for modulating immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) in favor of anti-PD-L1 therapy. Aiming at boosting immune response by modulation immunosuppressive TME via balancing the glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) of tumor cells, we developed a dual-responsive mPEG-PLA-PHis-ss-PEI polyplexes (DRP/Res/siP) for robust co-delivery of PD-L1 siRNA and resveratrol (Res). Isothermal titration calorimetry confirmed the non-electrostatic interactions between PD-L1 siRNA and PHis block of the copolymer, which contributed to the efficient and synchronized release of siRNA with Res in response to the acidic and reductive environment by destabilizing the siRNA polyplexes. The extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) as well as some key enzymes involved in glycolysis and mitochondrial OXPHOS pathways were determined to quantify the glucose metabolism balance. Effective downregulation of glycolysis and upregulation of mitochondrial OXPHOS were observed in the tumor cells treated with DRP/Res/siP, leading to remarkably reduced lactate production and glucose consumption. In vivo anti-tumor results showed that upregulation of mitochondrial OXPHOS pathways not only significantly promoted CD8+ and CD4+ T cells infiltration, IFN-γ secretion but also significantly suppressed the Treg cells and MDSCs at the same glycolysis level, resulting in superior anti-tumor effect in combination with PD-L1 silencing. Our findings indicate that balancing glucose metabolic pathways of glycolysis and mitochondrial OXPHOS provides a more reliable immune boosting strategy to PD-L1 silencing than exclusive glycolysis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Heze Medical College, Heze, 274000, PR China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Xiu-Li Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Hai-Yang Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Da-Wei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| | - Ming-Xi Qiao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
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Craparo EF, Drago SE, Mauro N, Giammona G, Cavallaro G. Design of New Polyaspartamide Copolymers for siRNA Delivery in Antiasthmatic Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E89. [PMID: 31979001 PMCID: PMC7076449 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, a novel protonable copolymer was realized for the production of polyplexes with a siRNA (inhibitor of STAT6 expression in asthma), with the aim of a pulmonary administration. The polycation was synthesized by derivatization of α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)d,l-aspartamide (PHEA) with 1,2-Bis(3-aminopropylamino)ethane (bAPAE) in proper conditions to obtain a PHEA-g-bAPAE graft copolymer with a derivatization degree in amine (DDbAPAE%) equal to 35 mol%. The copolymer showed a proper buffering behavior, i.e., ranging between pH 5 and 7.4, to potentially give the endosomal escape of the obtained polycations. In effect, an in vitro experiment demonstrated the effect on biological membranes of the copolymer on bronchial epithelial cells (16-HBE) strongly dependent on the pH of the medium, i.e., higher at pH 5. bAPAE-based copolymers were further obtained with an increasing pegylation degree, i.e., equal to 1.9, 2.7, and 4.4 mol%, respectively. All the obtained copolymers were able to complex siRNA at a N/P ratio that decreases as the pegylation degree increases. At the same time, the tendency of polyplexes to aggregate and the capability to interact with mucin also decreases as the pegylation in the copolymer increases. Gene silencing experiments on 16-HBE showed that these copolymers have a significant role in improving the intracellular transport of naked siRNA, where the presence of PEG does not seem to hinder the cellular uptake of polyplexes. The latter obtained at polymer/siRNA weight ratio (R) equal to 10 with PHEA-g-PEG(C)-g-bAPAE also seems to be not susceptible to the presence of mucin, avoiding the polyanionic exchange of complexed siRNA, thus showing adequate behavior to be used as an effective vector for siRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Fabiola Craparo
- Lab of Biocompatible Polymers, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (E.F.C.); (S.E.D.); (N.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Salvatore Emanuele Drago
- Lab of Biocompatible Polymers, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (E.F.C.); (S.E.D.); (N.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Nicolò Mauro
- Lab of Biocompatible Polymers, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (E.F.C.); (S.E.D.); (N.M.); (G.G.)
- Fondazione Umberto Veronesi, Piazza Velasca 5, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Gaetano Giammona
- Lab of Biocompatible Polymers, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (E.F.C.); (S.E.D.); (N.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Gennara Cavallaro
- Lab of Biocompatible Polymers, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (E.F.C.); (S.E.D.); (N.M.); (G.G.)
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Lou B, Connor K, Sweeney K, Miller IS, O'Farrell A, Ruiz-Hernandez E, Murray DM, Duffy GP, Wolfe A, Mastrobattista E, Byrne AT, Hennink WE. RGD-decorated cholesterol stabilized polyplexes for targeted siRNA delivery to glioblastoma cells. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 9:679-693. [PMID: 30972664 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-019-00637-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The development of an effective and safe treatment for glioblastoma (GBM) represents a significant challenge in oncology today. Downregulation of key mediators of cell signal transduction by RNA interference is considered a promising treatment strategy but requires efficient, intracellular delivery of siRNA into GBM tumor cells. Here, we describe novel polymeric siRNA nanocarriers functionalized with cRGD peptide that mediates targeted and efficient reporter gene silencing in U87R invasive human GBM cells. The polymer was synthesized via RAFT copolymerization of N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-methacrylamide (HPMA) and N-acryloxysuccinimide (NAS), followed by post-polymerization modification with cholesterol for stabilization, cationic amines for siRNA complexation, and azides for copper-free click chemistry. The novel resultant cationic polymer harboring a terminal cholesterol group, self-assembled with siRNA to yield nanosized polyplexes (~ 40 nm) with good colloidal stability at physiological ionic strength. Post-modification of the preformed polyplexes with PEG-cRGD end-functionalized with bicyclo[6.1.0]nonyne (BCN) group resulted in enhanced cell uptake and increased luciferase gene silencing in U87R cells, compared to polyplexes lacking cRGD-targeting groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kate Connor
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, York Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Kieron Sweeney
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, York Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ian S Miller
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, York Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Alice O'Farrell
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, York Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | - David M Murray
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, York Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Garry P Duffy
- Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Alan Wolfe
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Enrico Mastrobattista
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Annette T Byrne
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, York Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Wim E Hennink
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Kim B, Park JH, Sailor MJ. Rekindling RNAi Therapy: Materials Design Requirements for In Vivo siRNA Delivery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1903637. [PMID: 31566258 PMCID: PMC6891135 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
With the recent FDA approval of the first siRNA-derived therapeutic, RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated gene therapy is undergoing a transition from research to the clinical space. The primary obstacle to realization of RNAi therapy has been the delivery of oligonucleotide payloads. Therefore, the main aims is to identify and describe key design features needed for nanoscale vehicles to achieve effective delivery of siRNA-mediated gene silencing agents in vivo. The problem is broken into three elements: 1) protection of siRNA from degradation and clearance; 2) selective homing to target cell types; and 3) cytoplasmic release of the siRNA payload by escaping or bypassing endocytic uptake. The in vitro and in vivo gene silencing efficiency values that have been reported in publications over the past decade are quantitatively summarized by material type (lipid, polymer, metal, mesoporous silica, and porous silicon), and the overall trends in research publication and in clinical translation are discussed to reflect on the direction of the RNAi therapeutics field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungji Kim
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ji-Ho Park
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael J Sailor
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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9
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Spencer DS, Luu BC, Beckman DW, Peppas NA. Control of Cationic Nanogel PEGylation in Heterogeneous ARGET ATRP Emulsion Polymerization with PEG Macromonomers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE. PART A, POLYMER CHEMISTRY 2018; 56:1536-1544. [PMID: 30906114 PMCID: PMC6426315 DOI: 10.1002/pola.29035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Crosslinked cationic nanoscale networks with hydrophobic cores are an environmentally robust alternative to self-assembled polymeric drug delivery carriers with respect to therapeutic encapsulation and stability to dilution. However, the ability to tune the degree of PEG incorporated into nanogels during synthesis is more challenging. In this work, biodegradable cationic nanogels were synthesized by ARGET ATRP emulsion polymerization in a single step. The density of PEG in the final nanogels ranged from zero to 40 wt % and was dependent on the feed concentration of PEG monomer, surfactant concentration, surfactant hydrophilic-lipophilic balance, and the ratio of cationic to nonionic surfactant. A comprehensive analysis of nanogel material properties as a function of PEG graft density is presented including analysis of composition, monomer conversion, thermal properties, size, surface charge, and degradation. This study provides a robust analysis for the synthesis of degradable cationic nanogels via a controlled radical polymerization with predictable degrees of PEGylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Spencer
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
- Institute of Biomaterials Drug Delivery and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Bryan C Luu
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - David W Beckman
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
- Institute of Biomaterials Drug Delivery and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
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10
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Liu G, Fang Z, Yuan M, Li W, Yang Y, Jiang M, Ouyang Y, Yuan W. Biodegradable Carriers for Delivery of VEGF Plasmid DNA for the Treatment of Critical Limb Ischemia. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:528. [PMID: 28848442 PMCID: PMC5552722 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The safe and efficient delivery of therapeutic nucleic acid is a prerequisite for an effective DNA therapy. In this study, we condensed the low molecular weight polyethylenimine (PEI, 1.8k Da) with 2,6-pyridinedicarboxaldehyde (PDA), both of which are degradable in vivo, to synthesize a biodegradable polycationic material (PDAPEI) to deliver vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plasmid DNA (pDNA). Particle size and zeta potential of this novel degradable PEI derivatives-pDNA nanoparticle were investigated and in vitro cytotoxicity was estimated on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Using pDNA-encoding VEGF-A and green fluorescence protein (GFP), we also checked transfection efficiency of the vector (PDAPEI) and found its excellent performance at 40 w/w ratio. We successfully established peripheral ischemia animal model on C57/BL6J mice to evaluate the therapeutic effect of PDAPEI/pVEGF-A polyplex system on ischemic disease and a conclusion was made that PDAPEI is a promising gene vector in the treatment of peripheral ischemic artery disease (PAD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Minglu Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Yunqi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Mier Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Yuanming Ouyang
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine and HealthShanghai, China
| | - Weien Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, China
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11
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Cavallaro G, Sardo C, Craparo EF, Porsio B, Giammona G. Polymeric nanoparticles for siRNA delivery: Production and applications. Int J Pharm 2017; 525:313-333. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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