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Gaikwad RP, Warkad IR, Chaudhari DS, Jiang S, Miller JT, Pham HN, Datye A, Gawande MB. Harnessing photocatalytic activity of mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride decorated by copper single-atom catalysts for oxidative dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 676:485-495. [PMID: 39047376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
This work describes the application of Cu single-atom catalysts (SACs) for photocatalytic oxidative dehydrogenation of N-heterocyclic amines to the respective N-heteroaromatics through environmentally benign and sustainable pathways. The mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (mpg-C3N4), prepared by the one-step pyrolysis method, possesses a lightweight material with a high surface area (95 m2 g-1) and an average pore diameter (3.6 nm). A simple microwave-assisted preparation method was employed to decorate Cu single-atom over mpg-C3N4 support. The Cu single-atom decorated on mpg-C3N4 support (Cu@mpg-C3N4) is characterized by various characterization techniques, including XRD, UV-visible spectrophotometry, HRTEM, HAADF-STEM with elemental mapping, AC-STEM, ICP-OES, XANES, EXAFS, and BET surface area. These characterization studies confirmed that the Cu@mpg-C3N4 catalyst exhibited high surface area, mesoporous nature, medium band gap, and low metal loading. The as-synthesized and well-characterized Cu@mpg-C3N4 single-atom photocatalyst is then evaluated for its efficacy in converting N-heterocycles into corresponding N-heteroaromatic compounds with excellent conversion and selectivity (>99 %). This transformation is achieved using water as a green solvent and a 30 W white light as a visible light source, demonstrating the catalyst's potential for sustainable and environmentally benign reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul P Gaikwad
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Jalna, Maharashtra 431203, India
| | - Indrajeet R Warkad
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Jalna, Maharashtra 431203, India
| | - Dinesh S Chaudhari
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Jalna, Maharashtra 431203, India
| | - Shan Jiang
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, IN 47906, United States
| | - Jeffrey T Miller
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, IN 47906, United States
| | - Hien N Pham
- Department of Chemical Biological Engineering and Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
| | - Abhaya Datye
- Department of Chemical Biological Engineering and Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
| | - Manoj B Gawande
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Jalna, Maharashtra 431203, India; Nanotechnology Centre, Centre for Energy and Environmental Technologies, VˇSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic.
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2
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Ye BC, Li WH, Zhang X, Chen J, Gao Y, Wang D, Pan H. Advancing Heterogeneous Organic Synthesis With Coordination Chemistry-Empowered Single-Atom Catalysts. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2402747. [PMID: 39291881 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
For traditional metal complexes, intricate chemistry is required to acquire appropriate ligands for controlling the electron and steric hindrance of metal active centers. Comparatively, the preparation of single-atom catalysts is much easier with more straightforward and effective accesses for the arrangement and control of metal active centers. The presence of coordination atoms or neighboring functional atoms on the supports' surface ensures the stability of metal single-atoms and their interactions with individual metal atoms substantially regulate the performance of metal active centers. Therefore, the collaborative interaction between metal and the surrounding coordination environment enhances the initiation of reaction substrates and the formation and transformation of crucial intermediate compounds, which imparts single-atom catalysts with significant catalytic efficacy, rendering them a valuable framework for investigating the correlation between structure and activity, as well as the reaction mechanism of catalysts in organic reactions. Herein, comprehensive overviews of the coordination interaction for both homogeneous metal complexes and single-atom catalysts in organic reactions are provided. Additionally, reflective conjectures about the advancement of single-atom catalysts in organic synthesis are also proposed to present as a reference for later development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Chao Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wen-Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Yong Gao
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hongge Pan
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China
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3
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Lin Z, Fu Y, Zhang B, Wang F, Shen C. Copper single-atom catalysts for broad-spectrum antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARBs) antimicrobial: Activation of peroxides and mechanism of ARBs inactivation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 477:135409. [PMID: 39096636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARBs) have been widely detected in wastewater and become a potential threat to human health. This work found that low-load single-atom copper (0.1 wt%) anchored on g-C3N4 (SA-Cu/g-C3N4) exhibited excellent ability to activate H2O2 and inactivate ARBs during the photo-Fenton process. The presence of SA-Cu/g-C3N4 (0.4 mg/mL) and H2O2 (0.1 mM) effectively inactivated ARBs. More than 99.9999 % (6-log) of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) could be inactivated within 5 min. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing pathogenic Escherichia coli (ESBL-E) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) were killed within 10 and 30 min, respectively. In addition, more than 5-log of these ARBs were killed within 60 min in real wastewater. Furthermore, D2O-labeling with Raman spectroscopy revealed that SA-Cu/g-C3N4 completely suppressed the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state and reactivation of bacteria. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy results demonstrated that g-C3N4 mainly produced 1O2, while SA-Cu/g-C3N4 simultaneously produced both 1O2 and •OH. The •OH and 1O2 cause lipid peroxidation damage to the cell membrane, resulting in the death of the bacteria. These findings highlight that the SA-Cu/g-C3N4 catalyst is a promising photo-Fenton catalyst for the inactivation of ARBs in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yulong Fu
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan 314100, China.
| | - Bingni Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Feiyu Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chaofeng Shen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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4
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Wu J, Du X, Li M, Chen H, Hu B, Ding H, Wang N, Jin L, Liu W. Enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting performance of α-Fe 2O 3 photoanodes through Co-modification with Co single atoms and g-C 3N 4. Chem Sci 2024; 15:12973-12982. [PMID: 39148777 PMCID: PMC11323335 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc03442b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The practical application of α-Fe2O3 in water splitting is hindered by significant charge recombination and slow water oxidation. To address this issue, a CoSAs-g-C3N4/Fe2O3 (CoSAs: cobalt single atoms) photoanode was fabricated in this study through the co-modification of CoSAs and g-C3N4 to enhance photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. The coupling between g-C3N4 and α-Fe2O3 resulted in the formation of a heterojunction, which provided a strong built-in electric field and an additional driving force to mitigate charge recombination. Moreover, g-C3N4 served as a suitable carrier for single atoms, which effectively anchored CoSAs through N/C coordination. The highly dispersed CoSAs provided abundant active sites, which further promoted surface holes extraction and oxidation kinetics, resulting in higher PEC performance and photostability. This study indicates the benefits of these collaborative strategies and provides more efficient designs for solar energy conversion in PEC systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomedical Nanomaterials of Henan, Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou 466001 P. R. China
| | - Xiaodi Du
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou 466001 P. R. China
| | - Mingjie Li
- Library, Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou 466001 P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomedical Nanomaterials of Henan, Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou 466001 P. R. China
| | - Bin Hu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomedical Nanomaterials of Henan, Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou 466001 P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Ding
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomedical Nanomaterials of Henan, Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou 466001 P. R. China
| | - Nannan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomedical Nanomaterials of Henan, Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou 466001 P. R. China
| | - Lin Jin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomedical Nanomaterials of Henan, Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou 466001 P. R. China
| | - Weisheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
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Sudrajat H, Wella SA, Phanthuwongpakdee J, Lisovytskiy D, Sobczak K, Colmenares JC. Atomistic understanding of enhanced selectivity in photocatalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde using graphitic carbon nitride loaded with single copper atoms. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:14813-14830. [PMID: 39034643 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01610f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The loading of graphitic carbon nitride (gCN) with transition metals has received significant attention for efficient light-driven catalysis. However, the contribution of the loaded metals to enhanced performance remains unclear. In this study, Cu is loaded onto gCN to understand how photocatalytic activity is regulated by the loaded metals. Loading gCN with 3 wt% of Cu increases the electron population by 8.1 and 4.6 times under UV (λ < 370 nm) and visible light (390 < λ < 740 nm), respectively. This sample shows nearly 100% selectivity for oxidizing benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde and a high yield-to-power ratio, reaching 0.35 mmol g-1 h-1 W-1. The loaded Cu species exist as single atoms with a +1-oxidation state. Each Cu+ cation is coordinated to two (at 3 wt% Cu) or four (at 6 wt% Cu) N atoms within the cavity of the gCN framework. Doubling the Cu loading results in a smaller electron population and coordinatively more saturated Cu+ cations, making it catalytically less reactive. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations show that Cu+ cations produce filled mid-gap states above the valence band, which function as hole traps and hence oxidation centers. The Cu+ cation and the neighboring N atoms are electron-depletion and electron-accumulation sites due to Cu → N electron transfer, making it highly reactive for oxidative transformations via the hole transfer pathway. The role of Cu as a hole-transfer site updates the received understanding that surface-loaded Cu serves as an electron-accumulation site. A strong correlation is observed between the electron population at steady-state and the product yield, indicating that it could serve as a promising performance indicator for the design of future photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanggara Sudrajat
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
- Research Center for Quantum Physics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), South Tangerang 15314, Indonesia
- Collaboration Research Center for Advanced Energy Materials, BRIN - Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Sasfan Arman Wella
- Research Center for Quantum Physics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), South Tangerang 15314, Indonesia
- Collaboration Research Center for Advanced Energy Materials, BRIN - Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | | | - Dmytro Lisovytskiy
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Kamil Sobczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Juan Carlos Colmenares
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
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6
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Allasia N, Collins SM, Ramasse QM, Vilé G. Hidden Impurities Generate False Positives in Single Atom Catalyst Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202404883. [PMID: 38747260 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/26/2024]
Abstract
Single-atom catalysts (SACs) are an emerging class of materials, leveraging maximum atom utilization and distinctive structural and electronic properties to bridge heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis. Direct imaging methods, such as aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy, are commonly applied to confirm the atomic dispersion of active sites. However, interpretations of data from these techniques can be challenging due to simultaneous contributions to intensity from impurities introduced during synthesis processes, as well as any variation in position relative to the focal plane of the electron beam. To address this matter, this paper presents a comprehensive study on two representative SACs containing isolated nickel or copper atoms. Spectroscopic techniques, including X-ray absorption spectroscopy, were employed to prove the high metal dispersion of the catalytic atoms. Employing scanning transmission electron microscopy imaging combined with single-atom-sensitive electron energy loss spectroscopy, we scrutinized thin specimens of the catalysts to provide an unambiguous chemical identification of the observed single-atom species and thereby distinguish impurities from active sites at the single-atom level. Overall, the study underscores the complexity of SACs characterization and establishes the importance of the use of spectroscopy in tandem with imaging at atomic resolution to fully and reliably characterize single-atom catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Allasia
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Sean Michael Collins
- Bragg Centre for Materials Research, School of Chemical and Process Engineering and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, LS2 9JT, Leeds, United Kingdom
- SuperSTEM Laboratory, SciTech Daresbury Campus, Keckwick Lane, WA4 4AD, Daresbury, United Kingdom
| | - Quentin Mathieu Ramasse
- SuperSTEM Laboratory, SciTech Daresbury Campus, Keckwick Lane, WA4 4AD, Daresbury, United Kingdom
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering and School of Physics, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, LS2 9JT, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Gianvito Vilé
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
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7
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Zhang Y, Feng XL, Ni JY, Fu B, Shen HM, She YB. Efficient Inhibition of Deep Conversion of Partial Oxidation Products in C-H Bonds' Functionalization Utilizing O 2 via Relay Catalysis of Dual Metalloporphyrins on Surface of Hybrid Silica Possessing Capacity for Product Exclusion. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:272. [PMID: 38786482 PMCID: PMC11117990 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9050272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
To inhibit the deep conversion of partial oxidation products (POX-products) in C-H bonds' functionalization utilizing O2, 5-(4-(chloromethyl)phenyl)-10,15,20-tris(perfluorophenyl)porphyrin cobalt(II) and 5-(4-(chloromethyl)phenyl)-10,15,20-tris(perfluorophenyl)porphyrin copper(II) were immobilized on the surface of hybrid silica to conduct relay catalysis on the surface. Fluorocarbons with low polarity and heterogeneous catalysis were devised to decrease the convenient accessibility of polar POX-products to catalytic centers on the lower polar surface. Relay catalysis between Co and Cu was designed to utilize the oxidation intermediates alkyl hydroperoxides to transform more C-H bonds. Systematic characterizations were conducted to investigate the structure of catalytic materials and confirm their successful syntheses. Applied to C-H bond oxidation, not only deep conversion of POX-products was inhibited but also substrate conversion and POX-product selectivity were improved simultaneously. For cyclohexane oxidation, conversion was improved from 3.87% to 5.27% with selectivity from 84.8% to 92.3%, which was mainly attributed to the relay catalysis on the surface excluding products. The effects of the catalytic materials, product exclusion, relay catalysis, kinetic study, substrate scope, and reaction mechanism were also investigated. To our knowledge, a practical and novel strategy was presented to inhibit the deep conversion of POX-products and to achieve efficient and accurate oxidative functionalization of hydrocarbons. Also, a valuable protocol was provided to avoid over-reaction in other chemical transformations requiring high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Y.Z.); (J.-Y.N.); (B.F.)
| | - Xiao-Ling Feng
- Hangzhou Copiore Chemical Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310012, China;
| | - Jia-Ye Ni
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Y.Z.); (J.-Y.N.); (B.F.)
| | - Bo Fu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Y.Z.); (J.-Y.N.); (B.F.)
| | - Hai-Min Shen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Y.Z.); (J.-Y.N.); (B.F.)
| | - Yuan-Bin She
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Y.Z.); (J.-Y.N.); (B.F.)
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8
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Dan M, Zhang X, Yang Y, Yang J, Wu F, Zhao S, Liu ZQ. Dual-axial engineering on atomically dispersed catalysts for ultrastable oxygen reduction in acidic and alkaline solutions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318174121. [PMID: 38289955 PMCID: PMC10861853 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318174121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Atomically dispersed catalysts are a promising alternative to platinum group metal catalysts for catalyzing the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), while limited durability during the electrocatalytic process severely restricts their practical application. Here, we report an atomically dispersed Co-doped carbon-nitrogen bilayer catalyst with unique dual-axial Co-C bonds (denoted as Co/DACN) by a smart phenyl-carbon-induced strategy, realizing highly efficient electrocatalytic ORR in both alkaline and acidic media. The corresponding half-wave potential for ORR is up to 0.85 and 0.77 V (vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)) in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 0.1 M KOH, respectively, representing the best ORR activity among all non-noble metal catalysts reported to date. Impressively, the Zn-air battery (ZAB) equipped with Co/DACN cathode achieves outstanding durability after 1,688 h operation at 10 mA cm-2 with a high current density (154.2 mA cm-2) and a peak power density (210.1 mW cm-2). Density functional theory calculations reveal that the unique dual-axial cross-linking Co-C bonds of Co/DACN significantly enhance the stability during ORR and also facilitate the 4e- ORR pathway by forming a joint electron pool due to the improved interlayer electron mobility. We believe that axial engineering opens a broad avenue to develop high-performance heterogeneous electrocatalysts for advanced energy conversion and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Dan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, People’s Republic of China
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi030024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiting Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongchao Yang
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2006, Australia
| | - Jingfei Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengxiu Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shenlong Zhao
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2006, Australia
| | - Zhao-Qing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Clean Energy Materials/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Song Z, Hou J, Raguin E, Pedersen A, Eren EO, Senokos E, Tarakina NV, Giusto P, Antonietti M. Triazine-Based Graphitic Carbon Nitride Thin Film as a Homogeneous Interphase for Lithium Storage. ACS NANO 2024; 18:2066-2076. [PMID: 38193893 PMCID: PMC10811665 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Triazine-based graphitic carbon nitride is a semiconductor material constituted of cross-linked triazine units, which differs from widely reported heptazine-based carbon nitrides. Its triazine-based structure gives rise to significantly different physical chemical properties from the latter. However, it is still a great challenge to experimentally synthesize this material. Here, we propose a synthesis strategy via vapor-metal interfacial condensation on a planar copper substrate to realize homogeneous growth of triazine-based graphitic carbon nitride films over large surfaces. The triazine-based motifs are clearly shown in transmission electron microscopy with high in-plane crystallinity. An AB-stacking arrangement of the layers is orientationlly parallel to the substrate surface. Eventually, the as-prepared films show dense electrochemical lithium deposition attributed to homogeneous charge transport within this thin film interphase, making it a promising solution for energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Song
- Colloid
Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Jing Hou
- Colloid
Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Emeline Raguin
- Biomaterials
Department, Max Planck Institute of Colloids
and Interfaces, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Angus Pedersen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, SW7 2AZ London, U.K.
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, U.K.
| | - Enis Oǧuzhan Eren
- Colloid
Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Evgeny Senokos
- Colloid
Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Nadezda V. Tarakina
- Colloid
Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Paolo Giusto
- Colloid
Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Colloid
Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam 14476, Germany
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10
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Luo X, Wu B, Li J, Wang Y, Tang X, Li C, Shao M, Wei Z. Benzoic Acid: Electrode-Regenerated Molecular Catalyst to Boost Cycloolefin Epoxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:20665-20671. [PMID: 37672764 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Stoichiometric oxidants are always consumed in organic oxidation reactions. For example, olefins react with peroxy acids to be converted to epoxy, while the oxidant, peroxy acid, is downgraded to carboxylic acid. In this paper, we aim to regenerate carboxylic acid into peroxy acid through electric water splitting at the anode, in order to construct an electrochemical catalytic cycle to accomplish the cycloolefin epoxidation reaction. Benzoic acid, which can be strongly adsorbed onto the anode and rapidly converted to peroxy acid, was selected to catalyze the cycloolefin epoxidation. Furthermore, the peroxybenzoic acid will be further activated on the electrode to fulfill the epoxidation and release the benzoic acid to complete the catalytic cycle. In this designed reaction cycle, benzoic acid acts as a molecular catalyst with the assistance of the electrode-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS). This method can successfully reform the consumable oxidants to molecular catalysts, which can be generalized to other green organic syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Luo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Baijing Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Jinrui Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xiaoxia Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Cunpu Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Minhua Shao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Zidong Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
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11
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Li M, Liu X, Che Y, Xing H, Sun F, Zhou W, Zhu G. Controlled Partial Linker Thermolysis in Metal-Organic Framework UiO-66-NH 2 to Give a Single-Site Copper Photocatalyst for the Functionalization of Terminal Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308651. [PMID: 37466011 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with expanding porosity and tailored pore environments are intriguing for catalytic applications. We report herein a straightforward method of controlled partial linker thermolysis to introduce desirable mesopores into mono-ligand MOFs, which is different from the classical thermolyzing method that starts from mixed-linker MOFs. UiO-66-NH2 , after partial ligand thermolysis, exhibits significant mesoporosity, retained crystal structure, improved charge photogeneration and abundant anchoring sites, which is ideal to explore single-site photocatalysis. Atomically dispersed Cu is then accommodated in the tailored pore. The resulting single-site Cu catalyst exhibits excellent performance for photocatalytic alkylation and oxidation coupling for the functionalization of terminal alkynes. The study highlights the advantage of controlled partial linker thermolysis to synthesize hierarchical MOFs to achieve the advanced single-site photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Li
- College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yan Che
- College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hongzhu Xing
- College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Fanfei Sun
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Guangshan Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
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12
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Saptal VB, Ruta V, Bajada MA, Vilé G. Single-Atom Catalysis in Organic Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202219306. [PMID: 36918356 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202219306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Single-atom catalysts hold the potential to significantly impact the chemical sector, pushing the boundaries of catalysis in new, uncharted directions. These materials, featuring isolated metal species ligated on solid supports, can exist in many coordination environments, all of which have shown important functions in specific transformations. Their emergence has also provided exciting opportunities for mimicking metalloenzymes and bridging the gap between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. This Review outlines the impressive progress made in recent years regarding the use of single-atom catalysts in organic synthesis. We also illustrate potential knowledge gaps in the search for more sustainable, earth-abundant single-atom catalysts for synthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitthal B Saptal
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ruta
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Mark A Bajada
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Gianvito Vilé
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
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13
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Roy S, Li Z, Chen Z, Mata AC, Kumar P, Sarma SC, Teixeira IF, Silva IF, Gao G, Tarakina NV, Kibria MG, Singh CV, Wu J, Ajayan PM. Cooperative Copper Single-Atom Catalyst in 2D Carbon Nitride for Enhanced CO 2 Electrolysis to Methane. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2300713. [PMID: 37572690 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Renewable-electricity-powered carbon dioxide (CO2 ) reduction (eCO2 R) to high-value fuels like methane (CH4 ) holds the potential to close the carbon cycle at meaningful scales. However, this kinetically staggered 8-electron multistep reduction suffers from inadequate catalytic efficiency and current density. Atomic Cu-structures can boost eCO2 R-to-CH4 selectivity due to enhanced intermediate binding energies (BEs) resulting from favorably shifted d-band centers. In this work, 2D carbon nitride (CN) matrices, viz. Na-polyheptazine (PHI) and Li-polytriazine imides (PTI), are exploited to host Cu-N2 type single-atom sites with high density (≈1.5 at%), via a facile metal-ion exchange process. Optimized Cu loading in nanocrystalline Cu-PTI maximizes eCO2 R-to-CH4 performance with Faradaic efficiency (FECH4 ) of ≈68% and a high partial current density of 348 mA cm-2 at -0.84 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), surpassing the state-of-the-art catalysts. Multi-Cu substituted N-appended nanopores in the CN frameworks yield thermodynamically stable quasi-dual/triple sites with large interatomic distances dictated by the pore dimensions. First-principles calculations elucidate the relative Cu-CN cooperative effects between the matrices and how the Cu local environment dictates the adsorbate BEs, density of states, and CO2 -to-CH4 energy profile landscape. The 9N pores in Cu-PTI yield cooperative Cu-Cu sites that synergistically enhance the kinetics of the rate-limiting steps in the eCO2 R-to-CH4 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyabrata Roy
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA
| | - Zhengyuan Li
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Zhiwen Chen
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Astrid Campos Mata
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Saurav Ch Sarma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, England, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Ivo F Teixeira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ingrid F Silva
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Guanhui Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA
| | - Nadezda V Tarakina
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Md Golam Kibria
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Chandra Veer Singh
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Jingjie Wu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA
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14
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Dynamics of palladium single-atoms on graphitic carbon nitride during ethylene hydrogenation. J Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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15
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Boro B, Paul R, Tan HL, Trinh QT, Rabeah J, Chang CC, Pao CW, Liu W, Nguyen NT, Mai BK, Mondal J. Experimental Validation and Computational Predictions Join Forces to Map Catalytic C-H Activation in Ferrocene Metalated Porous Organic Polymers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:21027-21039. [PMID: 37083336 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent times, a self-complementary balanced characteristic feature with the combination of both covalent bonds (structural stability) and open metal sites (single-site catalysis) introduced an advanced emerging functional nanoarchitecture termed metalated porous organic polymers (M-POPs). However, the development of M-POPs in view of the current interest in catalysis has been realized still in its infancy and remains a challenge for the years to come. In this work, we built benzothiazole-linked Fe-metalated porous organic polymer (Fc-Bz-POP) using ferrocene dicarboxaldehyde (FDC), 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl) benzene (APB), and elemental sulfur (S8) via a template-free, multicomponent, cost-effective one-pot synthetic approach. This Fc-Bz-POP is endowed with unique features including an extended network unit, isolated active sites, and catalytic pocket with a possible local structure, in which convergent binding sites are positioned in such a way that substrate molecules can be held in close proximity. Prospective catalytic application of this Fc-Bz-POP has been explored in executing catalytic allylic "C-H" bond functionalization of cyclohexene (CHX) in water at room temperature. Catalytic screening results identified that a superior performance with a CHX conversion of 95% and a 2-cyclohexene-1-ol selectivity (COL) of 80.8% at 4 h and 25 °C temperature has been achieved over Fc-Bz-POP, thereby addressing previous shortcomings of the other conventional catalytic systems. Comprehensive characterization understanding with the aid of synchrotron-based extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis manifested that the Fe atom with an oxidation state of +2 in our Fc-Bz-POP catalytic system encompasses a sandwich structural environment with the two symmetrical eclipsed cyclopentadienyl (Cp) rings, featuring nearest-neighbor (NN) Fe-C (≈2.05 Å) intramolecular bonds, as validated by the Fe L3-edge EXAFS fitting result. Furthermore, in situ attenuated total reflection-infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR) analysis data for liquid-phase oxidation of cyclohexene allow for the formulation of a molecular-level reaction mechanistic pathway with the involvement of specific reaction intermediates, which is initiated by the radical functionalization of the allyl hydrogen. A deep insight investigation from density functional theory (DFT) calculations unambiguously revealed that the dominant pathway from cyclohexene to 2-cyclohexene-1-ol is initiated by an allyl-H functionalization step accompanied by the formation of 2-cyclohexene-1-hydroperoxide species as the key reaction intermediate. Electronic properties obtained from DFT simulations via the charge density difference plot, Bader charge, and density of state (DOS) demonstrate the importance of the organic polymer frame structure in altering the electronic properties of the Fe site in Fc-Bz-POP, resulting in its high activity. Our contribution has great implications for the precise design of metalated porous organic polymer-based robust catalysts, which will open a new avenue to get a clear image of surface catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishal Boro
- Department of Catalysis & Fine Chemicals, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ratul Paul
- Department of Catalysis & Fine Chemicals, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Hui Ling Tan
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Quang Thang Trinh
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Jabor Rabeah
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis (LIKAT Rostock), Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Chia-Che Chang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Pao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Wen Liu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Binh Khanh Mai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - John Mondal
- Department of Catalysis & Fine Chemicals, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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16
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Liu J, Zhao C, Zheng J, Siddique MS, Yang H, Yu W. Efficiently photocatalysis activation of peroxydisulfate by Fe-doped g-C 3N 5 for pharmaceuticals and personal care products degradation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121182. [PMID: 36736570 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Peroxydisulfate (PDS) based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are widely used for the degradation of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCP) in wastewater treatment. In this study, a Fe-doped g-C3N5 (Fe@g-C3N5) was synthesized as a photocatalyst for catalyzing the PDS-based AOPs to degrade tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) at pH 3 and Naproxen (NPX) at pH 7. The photocatalytic performance of Fe@g-C3N5 was 19% and 67% higher than g-C3N5 and g-C3N4 for degradation of TH at pH 3, respectively, while it was 21% and 35% at pH 7. The Fe:N ratio in Fe@g-C3N5, was calculated as 1:3.79, indicating that the doped Fe atom formed a FeN4 structure with an adjacent two-layer graphite structure of g-C3N5, which improved the charge separation capacity of g-C3N5 and act as a new reaction center that can efficiently combine and catalyze the PDS to radicals. Although the intrinsic photo-degradation performance is weak, the photocatalytic performance of Fe@g-C3N5 has great room for the improvement and application in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, 266580, PR China; Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ecological Fragile Belt of Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, 391 Huanghe 5th Rd, Bincheng District, Binzhou, 256600, PR China
| | - Chaocheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, 266580, PR China
| | - Jingtang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, 266580, PR China
| | - Muhammad Saboor Siddique
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Hankun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Wenzheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China.
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17
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Zheng N, Li L, Tang X, Xie W, Zhu Q, Wang X, Lian Y, Yu JC, Hu Z. Spontaneous Formation of Low Valence Copper on Red Phosphorus to Effectively Activate Molecular Oxygen for Advanced Oxidation Process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:5024-5033. [PMID: 36892275 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Efficient spontaneous molecular oxygen (O2) activation is an important technology in advanced oxidation processes. Its activation under ambient conditions without using solar energy or electricity is a very interesting topic. Low valence copper (LVC) exhibits theoretical ultrahigh activity toward O2. However, LVC is difficult to prepare and suffers from poor stability. Here, we first report a novel method for the fabrication of LVC material (P-Cu) via the spontaneous reaction of red phosphorus (P) and Cu2+. Red P, a material with excellent electron donating ability and can directly reduce Cu2+ in solution to LVC via forming Cu-P bonds. With the aid of the Cu-P bond, LVC maintains an electron-rich state and can rapidly activate O2 to produce ·OH. By using air, the ·OH yield reaches a high value of 423 μmol g-1 h-1, which is higher than traditional photocatalytic and Fenton-like systems. Moreover, the property of P-Cu is superior to that of classical nano-zero-valent copper. This work first reports the concept of spontaneous formation of LVC and develops a novel avenue for efficient O2 activation under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningchao Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Lejing Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, Shatin, China
| | - Xinhui Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Weiqiao Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yekai Lian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jimmy C Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, Shatin, China
| | - Zhuofeng Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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18
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Liu X, Wang F, Xia C, You Q, Chen X, Li Y, Lin W, Guo L, Fu F. Copper nanoparticles incorporated nitrogen-rich carbon nitride as laccase-like nanozyme for colorimetric detection of bisphenol A released from microplastics. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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19
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Qu G, Wei K, Pan K, Qin J, Lv J, Li J, Ning P. Emerging materials for electrochemical CO 2 reduction: progress and optimization strategies of carbon-based single-atom catalysts. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:3666-3692. [PMID: 36734996 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06190b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction can effectively convert CO2 into promising fuels and chemicals, which is helpful in establishing a low-carbon emission economy. Compared with other types of electrocatalysts, single-atom catalysts (SACs) immobilized on carbon substrates are considered to be promising candidate catalysts. Atomically dispersed SACs exhibit excellent catalytic performance in CO2RR due to their maximum atomic utilization, unique electronic structure, and coordination environment. In this paper, we first briefly introduce the synthetic strategies and characterization techniques of SACs. Then, we focus on the optimization strategies of the atomic structure of carbon-based SACs, including adjusting the coordination atoms and coordination numbers, constructing the axial chemical environment, and regulating the carbon substrate, focusing on exploring the structure-performance relationship of SACs in the CO2RR process. In addition, this paper also briefly introduces the diatomic catalysts (DACs) as an extension of SACs. At the end of the paper, we summarize the article with an exciting outlook discussing the current challenges and prospects for research on the application of SACs in CO2RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfei Qu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Kunling Wei
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Keheng Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Jin Qin
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Jiaxin Lv
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Junyan Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Ping Ning
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan 650500, China.
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20
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Li N, Jian C, Song Y, Wang L, Rehman AU, Fu Y, Zhang F, Chen DL, Zhu W. Scalable synthesis of MIL-88A(Fe) for efficient aerobic oxidation of cyclohexene to 2-cyclohexene-1-ol. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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21
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Arumugam S, Singh V, Tathod AP, Daniel S, Viswanadham N. CeO 2–TiO 2 Nanoparticle-Grafted gC 3N 4 Sheets as an Efficient Catalyst for the Oxidation of Cyclohexane to KA oil. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Selvamani Arumugam
- Light Stock Processing Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun248005, Uttarakhand, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) at CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun248005, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vijendra Singh
- Light Stock Processing Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun248005, Uttarakhand, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) at CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun248005, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anup Prakash Tathod
- Light Stock Processing Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun248005, Uttarakhand, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) at CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun248005, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Santhanaraj Daniel
- Department of Chemistry, Loyola College, Chennai600 034, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Nagabhatla Viswanadham
- Light Stock Processing Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun248005, Uttarakhand, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) at CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun248005, Uttarakhand, India
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22
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Hu H, Xi J. Single-atom catalysis for organic reactions. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.107959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Narendra Kumar AV, Muthu Prabhu S, Shin WS, Yadav KK, Ahn Y, Abdellattif MH, Jeon BH. Prospects of non-noble metal single atoms embedded in two-dimensional (2D) carbon and non-carbon-based structures in electrocatalytic applications. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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24
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Hu Y, Sun S, Guo J, Cheng F, Li Z. In situ anchoring strategy to enhance dual nonradical degradation of sulfamethoxazole with high loading manganese doped carbon nitride. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135035. [PMID: 35609659 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A low-cost catalyst with high metal loading and unique catalytic activities is highly desired for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation in environmental remediation. Herein, in situ anchoring strategy using 1,10-phenanthroline is reported to construct manganese doped carbon nitride (PMCN) with 8.2 wt% manganese loading and dramatically enhanced PMS adsorption and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal efficiency. Our study revealed that the PMCN/PMS system readily reacted with contaminants with electron-rich groups, where complete degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) was achieved within 60 min. Combining quenching experiments, EPR tests, and electrochemical analysis, we proposed a dual nonradical pathway dominated by high-valent manganese oxygen species (Mn(V) = O) and electron transfer. Systematic investigation elucidated that the introduction of 1,10-phenanthroline constructed denser catalyst active sites, and identified the manganese center and pyridine nitrogen as the active sites for PMS activation. Furthermore, PMCN exhibited excellent pH anti-interference ability and good reusability, achieving more than 90% SMX degradation efficiency after four cycles. This study provides new insights into the regulation of Mn-N active sites and promotes the mechanistic understanding of the synergistic effect of manganese and pyridine nitrogen in PMS activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyou Hu
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Siyu Sun
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jialin Guo
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fan Cheng
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhengkui Li
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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25
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Nisha V, Moolayadukkam S, Paravannoor A, Panoth D, Chang YH, Palantavida S, Hinder SJ, Pillai SC, Vijayan BK. Cu doped graphitic C3N4 for p-nitrophenol reduction and sensing applications. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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26
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Mechanistic insights into liquid-phase autoxidation of cyclohexene in acetonitrile. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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Lu G, Chu F, Huang X, Li Y, Liang K, Wang G. Recent advances in Metal-Organic Frameworks-based materials for photocatalytic selective oxidation. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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28
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Zhang Y, Liu Z, Guo C, Guo C, Lu Y, Wang J. Selective photocatalytic oxidation of cyclohexene coupled with hydrogen evolution from water splitting over Ni/NiO/CdS and mechanism insight. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00674j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction process of photocatalytic oxidation of cyclohexene including the oxidation products and oxidation active substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Ziran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Changyan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Jide Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
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Ren J, Wang L, Li P, Xing X, Wang H, Lv B. Ag supported on alumina for the epoxidation of 1-hexene with molecular oxygen: the effect of Ag +/Ag 0. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05926b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic liquid-phase oxidation of 1-hexene with O2 using Ag/porous bowl-shaped alumina shows good selectivity for the epoxidation product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liancheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Penghui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangying Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Baoliang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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30
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Wu Y, Su M, Xiao Y, Guang B, Liu Y. Heteropolyacid-Based Poly(ionic liquid)s for the Selective Oxidation of Cyclohexene to 2-Cyclohexene-1-one. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuefeng Wu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Resource & Energy Recovery from Waste, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Miaojun Su
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Resource & Energy Recovery from Waste, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yahui Xiao
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Resource & Energy Recovery from Waste, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Binxiong Guang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Resource & Energy Recovery from Waste, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
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Najafishirtari S, Friedel Ortega K, Douthwaite M, Pattisson S, Hutchings GJ, Bondue CJ, Tschulik K, Waffel D, Peng B, Deitermann M, Busser GW, Muhler M, Behrens M. A Perspective on Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Selective Oxidation of Alcohols. Chemistry 2021; 27:16809-16833. [PMID: 34596294 PMCID: PMC9292687 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Selective oxidation of higher alcohols using heterogeneous catalysts is an important reaction in the synthesis of fine chemicals with added value. Though the process for primary alcohol oxidation is industrially established, there is still a lack of fundamental understanding considering the complexity of the catalysts and their dynamics under reaction conditions, especially when higher alcohols and liquid-phase reaction media are involved. Additionally, new materials should be developed offering higher activity, selectivity, and stability. This can be achieved by unraveling the structure-performance correlations of these catalysts under reaction conditions. In this regard, researchers are encouraged to develop more advanced characterization techniques to address the complex interplay between the solid surface, the dissolved reactants, and the solvent. In this mini-review, we report some of the most important approaches taken in the field and give a perspective on how to tackle the complex challenges for different approaches in alcohol oxidation while providing insight into the remaining challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharif Najafishirtari
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE)University of Duisburg-EssenCarl-Benz-Straße 19947057DuisburgGermany
| | - Klaus Friedel Ortega
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKiel UniversityMax-Eyth-Straße 224118KielGermany
| | - Mark Douthwaite
- Cardiff Catalysis InstituteCardiff UniversityCF10 3ATCardiffUnited Kingdom
| | - Samuel Pattisson
- Cardiff Catalysis InstituteCardiff UniversityCF10 3ATCardiffUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Christoph J. Bondue
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryLab. of Electrochemistry & Nanoscale MaterialsRuhr-University BochumUniversitätsstraße. 150, ZEMOS 1.4144780BochumGermany
| | - Kristina Tschulik
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryLab. of Electrochemistry & Nanoscale MaterialsRuhr-University BochumUniversitätsstraße. 150, ZEMOS 1.4144780BochumGermany
| | - Daniel Waffel
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryLab. of Industrial ChemistryRuhr-University BochumUniversitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 69044780BochumGermany
| | - Baoxiang Peng
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryLab. of Industrial ChemistryRuhr-University BochumUniversitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 69044780BochumGermany
| | - Michel Deitermann
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryLab. of Industrial ChemistryRuhr-University BochumUniversitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 69044780BochumGermany
| | - G. Wilma Busser
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryLab. of Industrial ChemistryRuhr-University BochumUniversitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 69044780BochumGermany
| | - Martin Muhler
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryLab. of Industrial ChemistryRuhr-University BochumUniversitätsstraße 150, NBCF 04 / 69044780BochumGermany
| | - Malte Behrens
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE)University of Duisburg-EssenCarl-Benz-Straße 19947057DuisburgGermany
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKiel UniversityMax-Eyth-Straße 224118KielGermany
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32
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Büker J, Alkan B, Chabbra S, Kochetov N, Falk T, Schnegg A, Schulz C, Wiggers H, Muhler M, Peng B. Liquid-Phase Cyclohexene Oxidation with O 2 over Spray-Flame-Synthesized La 1-x Sr x CoO 3 Perovskite Nanoparticles. Chemistry 2021; 27:16912-16923. [PMID: 34590747 PMCID: PMC9293428 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
La1−xSrxCoO3 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) nanoparticles were prepared by spray‐flame synthesis and applied in the liquid‐phase oxidation of cyclohexene with molecular O2 as oxidant under mild conditions. The catalysts were systematically characterized by state‐of‐the‐art techniques. With increasing Sr content, the concentration of surface oxygen vacancy defects increases, which is beneficial for cyclohexene oxidation, but the surface concentration of less active Co2+ was also increased. However, Co2+ cations have a superior activity towards peroxide decomposition, which also plays an important role in cyclohexene oxidation. A Sr doping of 20 at. % was found to be the optimum in terms of activity and product selectivity. The catalyst also showed excellent reusability over three catalytic runs; this can be attributed to its highly stable particle size and morphology. Kinetic investigations revealed first‐order reaction kinetics for temperatures between 60 and 100 °C and an apparent activation energy of 68 kJ mol−1 for cyclohexene oxidation. Moreover, the reaction was not affected by the applied O2 pressure in the range from 10 to 20 bar. In situ attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy was used to monitor the conversion of cyclohexene and the formation of reaction products including the key intermediate cyclohex‐2‐ene‐1‐hydroperoxide; spin trap electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy provided strong evidence for a radical reaction pathway by identifying the cyclohexenyl alkoxyl radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Büker
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Baris Alkan
- IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gasdynamics-Reactive Fluids and, CENIDE Center for Nanointegration, University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Sonia Chabbra
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Nikolai Kochetov
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Tobias Falk
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Alexander Schnegg
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Christof Schulz
- IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gasdynamics-Reactive Fluids and, CENIDE Center for Nanointegration, University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Wiggers
- IVG, Institute for Combustion and Gasdynamics-Reactive Fluids and, CENIDE Center for Nanointegration, University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Martin Muhler
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Baoxiang Peng
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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