1
|
André RF, Gervais C, Zschiesche H, Jianu T, López-Salas N, Antonietti M, Odziomek M. Revisiting the phosphonium salt chemistry for P-doped carbon synthesis: toward high phosphorus contents and beyond the phosphate environment. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:3437-3449. [PMID: 38712961 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00293h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The introduction of phosphorus and nitrogen atoms in carbo-catalysts is a common way to tune the electronic density, and thereby the reactivity, of the material, as well as to introduce surface reactive sites. Numerous environments are reported for the N atoms, but the P-doping chemistry is less explored and focuses on surface POx groups. A one-step synthesis of P/N-doped carbonaceous materials is presented here, using affordable and industrially available urea and tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride (THPC) as the N and P sources, respectively. In contrast to most of the synthetic pathways toward P-doped carbonaceous materials, the THPC precursor only displays P-C bonds along the carbon backbone. This resulted in unusual phosphorus environments for the materials obtained from direct thermal treatment of THPC-urea, presumably of type C-P-N according to 31P NMR and XPS. Alternatively, the in situ polymerization and calcination of the precursors were run in calcium chloride hydrate, used as a combined reaction medium and porogen agent. Following this salt-templating strategy led to particularly high phosphorus contents (up to 18 wt%), associated with porosities up to 600 m2 g-1. The so-formed P/N-doped porous materials were employed as metal-free catalysts for the mild oxidative dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles to N-heteroarenes at room temperature and in air.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rémi F André
- Colloid Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (MPIKG), 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Christel Gervais
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Hannes Zschiesche
- Colloid Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (MPIKG), 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Teodor Jianu
- Colloid Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (MPIKG), 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Nieves López-Salas
- Colloid Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (MPIKG), 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
- Chair of Sustainable Materials Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Colloid Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (MPIKG), 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Mateusz Odziomek
- Colloid Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (MPIKG), 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dahiya P, Garg N, Poli R, Sundararaju B. Hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles under Cp*Co(III)-catalysis. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:14752-14756. [PMID: 37814805 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03161f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
To realize the goal of a carbon-free energy economy, it is crucial to discover reactions that utilize sustainable resources as alternatives to fossil feedstocks. In this study, a well-defined, air-stable Cp*Co(III)-catalyst for transfer hydrogenation of quinoline derivatives and oxidative dehydrogenation of cyclic amines in water is developed. While the former reaction is promoted by formic acid as a transfer hydrogenation reagent, the latter is mediated by molecular oxygen as the sole oxidant. These processes provide new avenues for the investigation of air-stable cobalt catalysts for environmentally benign hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pardeep Dahiya
- Department of chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India - 208 016.
| | - Nidhi Garg
- Department of chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India - 208 016.
| | - Rinaldo Poli
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), Université de Toulouse, UPS, INPT, 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099, F-31077, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1, rue Descartes, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Basker Sundararaju
- Department of chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India - 208 016.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang R, Chen N, Ning T, Zhang Y, Ling Y, Wang X, Zhu W, Zhu G. Branched Porous Ni 3N as a Catalytic Electrode for Selective Semidehydrogenation of Tetrahydroisoquinoline. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:17433-17443. [PMID: 37817640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen evolution in electrochemical water splitting needs a high overpotential that significantly reduces the energy efficiency. To explore an alternative anodic reaction to promote the production of hydrogen at the other end of water splitting and at the same time to get high-value-added chemicals is highly desirable. Herein, we demonstrate a novel branched porous Ni3N catalyst that is prepared for dehydrogenation of tetrahydroisoquinoline, which acts as an anodic oxidation reaction to promote H2 formation on the other end. Interestingly, the Ni3N catalytic electrode can induce effective semidehydrogenation with the selective formation of dihydroisoquinoline, which is difficult to be obtained by the usual direct synthesis route. The catalytic electrode exhibits a low potential of 1.55 V (vs RHE) for a catalytic current density of 61 mA cm-2 with dehydrogenation of tetrahydroisoquinoline and hydrogen production. In situ Raman spectra studies suggest that NiOOH is formed on the electrode surface, which mediates the oxidation semidehydrogenation process. This work also provides a strategy to fabricate nitride materials for applications beyond selective semidehydrogenation of tetrahydroisoquinoline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongxian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianya Ning
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yizhou Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yizhou Ling
- School of Educational Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
| | - Xi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Guoxing Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang M, Lenarda A, Frindy S, Sang Y, Oksanen V, Bolognani A, Hendrickx L, Helaja J, Li Y. A metal-free carbon catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation of aryl cyclohexenes to produce biaryl compounds. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2303564120. [PMID: 37487083 PMCID: PMC10401020 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2303564120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A metal-free route based on a carbon catalyst to synthesize biphenyls through oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of phenyl cyclohexene has been investigated. Among the samples examined, an air-oxidized active carbon exhibits the best activity with a 9.1 × 10-2 h-1 rate constant, yielding 74% biphenyl in 28 h at 140 °C under five bar O2 in anisole. The apparent activation energy is measured as 54.5 kJ⋅mol-1. The extended reaction scope, consisting of 15 differently substituted phenyl cyclohexenes, shows the wide applicability of the proposed method. The catalyst's good recyclability over six runs suggests this ODH method as a promising route to access the biaryl compounds. In addition, the reaction mechanism is investigated with a combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, functional group blocking, and model compounds of carbon catalysts and is proposed to be based on the redox cycle of the quinoidic groups on the carbon surface. Additional experiments prove that the addition of the catalytic amount of acid (methanesulfonic acid) accelerates the reaction. In addition, Hammett plot examination suggests the formation of a carbonium intermediate, and its possible structure is outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingze Yang
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo02150, Finland
| | - Anna Lenarda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
| | - Sana Frindy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
| | - Yushuai Sang
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo02150, Finland
| | - Valtteri Oksanen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
| | - Adriano Bolognani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
| | - Lisa Hendrickx
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
| | - Juho Helaja
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
| | - Yongdan Li
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo02150, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ma L, Feng W, Zhao S, Wang C, Xi Y, Lin X. On the mechanism of acceptorless dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles catalyzed by tBuOK: a computational study. RSC Adv 2023; 13:20748-20755. [PMID: 37441048 PMCID: PMC10334261 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04305c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The catalytic acceptorless dehydrogenation (ADH) of saturated N-heterocycles has recently gained considerable attention as a promising strategy for hydrogen release from liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs). Recently, a simple tBuOK base-promoted ADH of N-heterocycles was developed by Yu et al. (Adv. Synth. Catal. 2019, 361, 3958). However, it is still open as to how the tBuOK plays a catalytic role in the ADH process. Herein, our density functional study reveals that the tBuOK catalyzes the ADH of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (THQ) through a quasi-metal-ligand bifunctional catalytic channel or a base-catalyzed pathway with close energy barriers. The hydride transfer in the first dehydrogenation process is determined to be the rate determining step, and the second dehydrogenation can proceed directly from 34DHQ regulated by the tBuOK. In addition, the computational results show that the cooperation of a suitable alkali metal ion with the tBuO- group is so critical that the tBuOLi and the isolated tBuO- are both inferior to tBuOK as a dehydrogenation catalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lishuang Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 P. R. China
| | - Wenxu Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 P. R. China
| | - Shidong Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 P. R. China
| | - Chuangye Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 P. R. China
| | - Xufeng Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li X, Yuan Z, Liu Y, Yang H, Nie J, Wang G, Liu B. Nitrogen-Doped Carbon as a Highly Active Metal-Free Catalyst for the Selective Oxidative Dehydrogenation of N-Heterocycles. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200753. [PMID: 35504842 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
N-heteroarenes represents one of the most important chemicals in pharmaceuticals and other bio-active molecules, which can be easily accessed from the oxidation of N-heterocycles over metal catalysts. Herein, the metal-free oxidative dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles into N-heteroarenes was developed using molecular oxygen as the terminal oxidant. The nitrogen-doped carbon materials were facilely prepared via the simple pyrolysis process using biomass (carboxymethyl cellulose sodium) and dicyandiamide as the carbon and nitrogen source, respectively, and they were discovered to be robust for the oxidative dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles into N-heteroarenes under mild conditions (80 °C under 1 bar O2 ) with water as the green solvent. Diverse N-heterocycles including 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines, indolines and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxalines were smoothly converted into N-heteroarenes with high to excellent yields (76->99 %). Superoxide radical (⋅O2 - ) and hydroxyl radical (⋅OH) were probed as the reactive oxygen species for the oxidation of N-heterocycles into N-heteroarenes. More importantly, the nitrogen-doped carbon catalyst can be reused with a high stability. The method provides an environmentally friendly and economical route to access important N-hetero-aromatic commodities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xun Li
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ziliang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
- Hubei Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials Key Laboratory, College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Hanmin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jiabao Nie
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Hubei Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials Key Laboratory, College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, P. R. China
| | - Bing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mejuto C, Ibáñez-Ibáñez L, Guisado-Barrios G, Mata JA. Visible-Light-Promoted Iridium(III)-Catalyzed Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of N-Heterocycles at Room Temperature. ACS Catal 2022; 12:6238-6245. [PMID: 35633898 PMCID: PMC9128065 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
![]()
An effective visible-light-promoted
iridium(III)-catalyzed hydrogen
production from N-heterocycles is described. A single iridium complex
constitutes the photocatalytic system playing a dual task, harvesting
visible-light and facilitating C–H cleavage and H2 formation at room temperature and without additives. The presence
of a chelating C–N ligand combining a mesoionic carbene ligand
along with an amido functionality in the IrIII complex
is essential to attain the photocatalytic transformation. Furthermore,
the IrIII complex is also an efficient catalyst for the
thermal reverse process under mild conditions, positioning itself
as a proficient candidate for liquid organic hydrogen carrier technologies
(LOHCs). Mechanistic studies support a light-induced formation of
H2 from the Ir–H intermediate as the operating mode
of the iridium complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Mejuto
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12006 Castellón, Spain
| | - Laura Ibáñez-Ibáñez
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12006 Castellón, Spain
| | - Gregorio Guisado-Barrios
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jose A. Mata
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universitat Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat s/n, 12006 Castellón, Spain
| |
Collapse
|