1
|
Škoch K, Antala J, Císařová I, Štěpnička P. Synthesis and catalytic properties of palladium(II) complexes with P,π-chelating ferrocene phosphinoallyl ligands and their non-tethered analogues. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:8722-8731. [PMID: 38712379 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00961d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Hybrid phosphines usually combine a phosphine moiety with another heteroatom secondary donor group in their structures while compounds equipped with hydrocarbyl π-donor moieties remain uncommon. This contribution reports the synthesis and structural characterization of the first P/π-allyl-chelating complexes that were obtained using the structurally flexible and redox-active ferrocene unit as the scaffold, viz. [PdCl(R2PfcCHCHCH2-η3:κP)] (1R; R = Ph and cyclohexyl (Cy); fc = ferrocene-1,1'-diyl). These compounds were synthesized from the respective phosphinoferrocene carboxaldehydes R2PfcCHO via reaction with vinylmagnesium bromide to generate 1-(phosphinoferrocenyl)allyl alcohols, which were subsequently acetylated. The resulting allyl acetates reacted smoothly with [Pd2(dba)3]/[Et3NH]Cl (dba = dibenzylideneacetone) to produce the target compounds. Complexes 1R and their nontethered analogues [PdCl(η3-C3H5)(FcPR2-κP)] (5R; Fc = ferrocenyl) were evaluated as pre-catalysts for the Pd-catalysed allylic amination of cinnamyl acetate with aliphatic amines and Suzuki-Miyaura-type cross-coupling of 4-tolylboronic acid with benzoyl chloride. In these reactions, better results were achieved with compounds 5R (particularly with 5Ph), presumably because they form more stable LPd(0)-type catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karel Škoch
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Antala
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Štěpnička
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang JX, Shi YB, Tan X, Duan L, Zhang L, Meng GH, Mu WH. Palladium-Catalyzed Sequential Cross-Coupling/Annulation of ortho-Vinyl Bromobenzene with Aryl Bromide: Bimetallic Pathway versus Pd(II)-Pd(IV) Pathway: A DFT Investigation. J Org Chem 2024; 89:4406-4422. [PMID: 38512313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed sequential cross-coupling/annulation of ortho-vinyl bromobenzenes with aryl bromides generating phenanthrenes was characterized by density functional theory (DFT). The Pd(II)-Pd(IV) pathway (Path V) is shown to be less probable than the bimetallic pathway (Path I), the latter proceeding via the following six steps: oxidative addition, vinyl-C(sp2)-H activation, Pd(II)-Pd(II) transmetalation, C-C coupling, aryl-C(sp2)-H activation, and reductive elimination. The aryl-C(sp2)-H activation process acts as the rate-determining step (RDS) of the entire chemical transformation, with an activation free energy barrier of ca. 27.4-28.8 kcal·mol-1, in good agreement with the corresponding experimental data (phenanthrenes' yields of ca. 65-90% at 130 °C after 5 h of reaction). The K2CO3 additive effectively reduces the activation free energy barrier of the RDS through direct participation in the reaction while preferentially modulating the charge distributions and increasing the stability of corresponding intermediates and complexes along the reaction path. Furthermore, bonding and electronic structure analyses of the key structures indicate that the chemo- and regioselectivities of the reaction are strongly influenced by both electronic effects and steric hindrance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Xuan Zhang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China
| | - Yu-Bing Shi
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China
| | - Xue Tan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China
| | - Liangfei Duan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China
| | - Guang-Hao Meng
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China
| | - Wei-Hua Mu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sahharova LT, Burykina JV, Kostyukovich AY, Eremin DB, Boiko DA, Fakhrutdinov AN, Ananikov VP. Expanding the Role of Dimeric Species: On-Cycle Involvement, Improved Stability, and Control of Stereo-Specificity. A Case Study of Atom-Economic Catalytic Hydrothiolation. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c06406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liliya T. Sahharova
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Julia V. Burykina
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander Yu. Kostyukovich
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Dmitry B. Eremin
- The Bridge@USC, University of Southern California, 1002 Childs Way, Los Angeles, California 90089-3502, United States
| | - Daniil A. Boiko
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Artem N. Fakhrutdinov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Valentine P. Ananikov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang W, Filonenko GA, Pidko EA. Performance of homogeneous catalysts viewed in dynamics. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1757-1768. [PMID: 36683401 PMCID: PMC9910057 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05625a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Effective assessment of catalytic performance is the foundation for the rational design and development of new catalysts with superior performance. The ubiquitous screening/optimization studies use reaction yields as the sole performance metric in an approach that often neglects the complexity of the catalytic system and intrinsic reactivities of the catalysts. Using an example of hydrogenation catalysis, we examine the transient behavior of catalysts that are often encountered in activation, deactivation and catalytic turnover processes. Each of these processes and the reaction environment in which they take place are gradually shown to determine the real-time catalyst speciation and the resulting kinetics of the overall catalytic reaction. As a result, the catalyst performance becomes a complex and time-dependent metric defined by multiple descriptors apart from the reaction yield. This behaviour is not limited to hydrogenation catalysis and affects various catalytic transformations. In this feature article, we discuss these catalytically relevant descriptors in an attempt to arrive at a comprehensive depiction of catalytic performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Yang
- Inorganic Systems Engineering group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Georgy A. Filonenko
- Inorganic Systems Engineering group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 92629 HZDelftThe Netherlands
| | - Evgeny A. Pidko
- Inorganic Systems Engineering group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 92629 HZDelftThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pérez-Ortega I, Albéniz AC. Multifaceted role of silver salts as ligand scavengers and different behavior of nickel and palladium complexes: beyond halide abstraction. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1425-1432. [PMID: 36644801 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03948f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of [NiArBr(PPh3)2] with AgBF4 brings about the abstraction of both the halide and phosphine from the nickel center by silver. When the reaction is carried out in CH2Cl2/toluene a mixture of the cationic aquo derivatives [NiAr(H2O)(PPh3)2]BF4 (2) and [NiAr(H2O)2(PPh3)]BF4 (3) is formed, along with AgBr and [Ag(PPh3)n]BF4. When the same reaction is carried out in acetone as the solvent, it leads to the completely different complex [NiAr(κ2-O, O-MeC(O)CH2C(OH)Me2)(PPh3)] (5), bearing a chelating ligand formed by the aldol self-condensation of acetone. Phosphine abstraction by silver is less favorable for the analogous palladium(II) complexes and only occurs if a large excess of AgBF4 is used. Thus, silver salts can be safely used as halide scavengers for palladium derivatives. However, the generation of cationic Ni complexes from neutral precursors by halide extraction with a silver salt may produce naked species, different than those expected, and highly reactive in certain media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Pérez-Ortega
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071-Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Ana C Albéniz
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071-Valladolid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pierce JK, Hiatt LD, Howard JR, Hu H, Qu F, Shaughnessy KH. Amines as Activating Ligands for Phosphine Palladium(II) Precatalysts: Effect of Amine Ligand Identity on the Catalyst Efficiency. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan K. Pierce
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Lindsey D. Hiatt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - James R. Howard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Huaiyuan Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Fengrui Qu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Kevin H. Shaughnessy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hartung J, Wang X, Song ZJ, Chen Y, Guo F, Li Z. Pd-Catalyzed Cyanation of a Bromoaryl Carboxylate En Route to Etrumadenant: Robust Process with Low Catalyst Loading Enabled by Preactivation. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John Hartung
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Development and Manufacturing, Arcus Biosciences, 3928 Point Eden Way, Hayward, California 94545, United States
| | - Xiang Wang
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Development and Manufacturing, Arcus Biosciences, 3928 Point Eden Way, Hayward, California 94545, United States
| | - Zhiguo Jake Song
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Development and Manufacturing, Arcus Biosciences, 3928 Point Eden Way, Hayward, California 94545, United States
| | - You Chen
- Shanghai SynTheAll Pharmaceutical, Co. Ltd., 90 Delin Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Shanghai SynTheAll Pharmaceutical, Co. Ltd., 90 Delin Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Zhifeng Li
- Shanghai SynTheAll Pharmaceutical, Co. Ltd., 90 Delin Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Santamaría N, Velasco C, Marín M, Maya C, Nicasio MC. LPdCl 2(amine) complexes supported by terphenyl phosphanes: applications in aryl amination reactions. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:15734-15740. [PMID: 36178081 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01354a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the excellent catalytic properties display by NHC-Pd-PEPPSI complexes in cross-coupling, phosphane analogs have been barely screened. In this work, we report the synthesis and characterization of a series of LPdCl2(amine) complexes bearing dialkylterphenyl phosphanes (PR2Ar') and pyridine or morpholine ligands. The novel compounds have been tested as precatalysts in aryl amination reactions. The complex [(PCyp2ArXyl2)PdCl2(morpholine)] shows the best catalytic activity allowing the room-temperature coupling of aryl bromides and chlorides with aniline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazaret Santamaría
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Sevilla, Aptdo 1203, 41071 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Clara Velasco
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Sevilla, Aptdo 1203, 41071 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Mario Marín
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Sevilla, Aptdo 1203, 41071 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Celia Maya
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - M Carmen Nicasio
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Sevilla, Aptdo 1203, 41071 Sevilla, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liang SW, Guo Y, Lee WC, Zeng PR, Lin TH, Xie PZ, Kang HH, Lu IC, Chang YC. Reactivity‐Tunable Palladium Precatalysts with Favorable Catalytic Properties in Suzuki–Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siou-Wei Liang
- Providence University Department of Applied Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Yingjie Guo
- Providence University Department of Cosmetic Science TAIWAN
| | - Wan-Ching Lee
- National Chung Hsing University Department of Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Pin-Rui Zeng
- National Chung Hsing University Department of Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Tzu-Hao Lin
- Providence University Department of Applied Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Pei-Zhen Xie
- Providence University Department of Applied Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Hsuan-Hao Kang
- Providence University Department of Applied Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - I-Chung Lu
- National Chung Hsing University Department of Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Yu-Chang Chang
- Providence University Department of Applied Chemistry 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu Dist. 43301 Taichung TAIWAN
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhu Q, Gu Y, Wang X, Zhang C, Ma J. Discovery of Electronic Structure and Interfacial Interaction Features in Catalytic Activity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:3959-3968. [PMID: 35337185 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The selective transformation of inert bonds (C-H, C-O, C-C, C-F, etc.) via various catalysts is one of the most challenging areas, with applications in organic synthesis, materials science, and biological and pharmaceutical chemistry. The catalytic performance of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts can be rationally controlled in two ways: (i) electronic structure modulation of the active site, such as the metal center, ligands, and coordination modes, to improve the catalytic activity and stability and (ii) tuning intermolecular or interfacial interactions to promoting the reaction kinetics by accelerating the transmission of electrons between the catalyst and solvents or support. The rational design of catalysts based on adjustable features, such as metal (monometallic or bimetallic) active sites, crystal phase, ligands, solvents, and supports for inert bond activation under mild conditions remains a challenge. This Perspective summarizes the features of electronic structures, interfacial interactions, and their effects on molecular catalysis, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and natural mineral catalysis. The discovery of efficient catalysts could be promoted using machine-learning methods with high-performance descriptors. More attention should be paid to high-throughput quantum-chemical computations and experiments, automatic searches of chemical reaction pathways, and efficient machine-learning or deep-learning methods to accelerate catalyst design and synthesis in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yuming Gu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xinzhu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-Containing Mineral Resources, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ylide-Substituted Phosphines: A Platform of Strong Donor Ligands for Gold Catalysis and Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Reactions. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:770-782. [PMID: 35170935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of homogeneous catalysts is strongly connected to the design of new, sophisticated ligands, which resolve limitations of a given reaction protocol by manipulating the electronic properties of the metal and its spatial environment. Phosphines are a privileged class of ligands that find applications in many catalytic transformations, ranging from hydrogenation reactions to hydroformylation and coupling chemistry. For many years, chemists have been trying to improve the efficiency, selectivity, and application of coupling reactions. The use of highly electron-rich and bulky phosphines was often associated with increased selectivity and efficiency and led to the development of a vast variety of electron-rich alkyl-substituted phosphines. However, this concept of increasing the ligand donor strength reaches its limits with the use of trialkyl-substituted phosphines with tri-tert-butylphosphine thus being one of the most active ligands for many years. In the course of our research efforts to use the special donor strength of ylides to stabilize electron-deficient, low-valent main group compounds, we realized that ylide-substituted phosphine (YPhos) ligands possess remarkably strong donor abilities. Moreover, the YPhos ligands are highly tunable by changing the nature of the groups on the phosphonium, phosphine, or central ylidic carbon atom. We thus obtained a ligand platform with donor capabilities ranging from PCy3 to even stronger donor abilities than N-heterocyclic carbenes, while being more sterically demanding than simple phosphines as well as many well-known biarylphosphine ligands.These properties led us to explore the applicability of the YPhos ligands in catalysis. In a series of recent reports, our group applied YPhos ligands in gold and palladium catalyzed reactions at catalytic loadings applicable for medium- to large-scale applications. The increased donor strength and unique architecture allowed for remarkable activities in a series of transformations at mild reactions conditions. For gold(I)-catalyzed reactions, we obtained turnover numbers (TONs) for the hydroamination of phenylacetylene with aniline of over 20 000. Also, more complex reactions were easily catalyzed with efficiencies greater than those of other known gold(I) catalysts. Similar efficacies were found in a series of palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions. In Buchwald-Hartwig aminations, unprecedented activities for the amination of aryl chlorides were reached at room temperature. The speed of formation of the catalytically active mono-YPhos palladium species allowed for some of the amination reactions to be completed in only a few minutes. Adjustment of the ligand design enabled the use of a large variety of different aryl and alkyl amines of different steric demands. Furthermore, the YPhos ligands in general showed high activities and selectivity in the coupling of a variety of carbon nucleophiles with aryl chlorides, bromides, and triflates. This enabled the development of efficient reaction protocols for the α-arylation of unhindered ketones and the coupling of Grignard and zinc reagents as well as the first efficient coupling of chloroarenes with alkyllithium compounds. This Account summarizes the recent development of YPhos ligands and their application in gold and palladium catalysis. We also hope to stimulate further use of this ligand platform in catalysis in the future.
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen X, Wei Z, Huang KH, Uehling M, Wleklinski M, Krska S, Makarov AA, Nowak T, Cooks RG. Pd Reaction Intermediates in Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Characterized by Mass Spectrometry. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202100545. [PMID: 35112808 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura (SM) coupling is widely utilized in the construction of carbon-carbon bonds. In this study, nanoelectrospray ionization mass spectrometry (nanoESI-MS) is applied to simultaneously monitor precatalysts, catalytic intermediates, reagents, and products of the SM cross-coupling reaction of 3-Br-5-Ph-pyridine and phenylboronic acid. A set of Pd cluster ions related to the monoligated Pd (0) active catalyst is detected, and its deconvoluted isotopic distribution reveals contributions from two neutral molecules. One is assigned to the generally accepted Pd(0) active catalyst, seen in MS as the protonated molecule, while the other is tentatively assigned to an oxidized catalyst which was found to increase as the reaction proceeds. Oxidative stress testing of a synthetic model catalyst 1,5-cyclooctadiene Pd XPhos (COD-Pd-XPhos) performed using FeCl3 supported this assignment. The formation and conversion of the oxidative addition intermediate during the catalytic cycle was monitored to provide information on the progress of the transmetalation step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingshuo Chen
- Chemistry Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Zhenwei Wei
- Chemistry Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Kai-Hung Huang
- Chemistry Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - R Graham Cooks
- Chemistry Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Astakhov AV, Chernenko AY, Kutyrev VV, Ranny GS, Minyaev ME, Chernyshev VM, Ananikov VP. Selective Buchwald–Hartwig arylation of C-amino-1,2,4-triazoles and other coordinating aminoheterocycles enabled by bulky NHC ligands and TPEDO activator. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi01832b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A facile method for selective N-(hetero)arylation of coordinating 3(5)-amino-1,2,4-triazoles under Pd/NHC catalysis using TPEDO as a new efficient Pd(ii) to Pd(0) reductant has been developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Astakhov
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University, (NPI), Prosvescheniya st., 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
| | - Andrey Yu. Chernenko
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University, (NPI), Prosvescheniya st., 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
| | - Vadim V. Kutyrev
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University, (NPI), Prosvescheniya st., 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
| | - Gleb S. Ranny
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University, (NPI), Prosvescheniya st., 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
| | - Mikhail E. Minyaev
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Victor M. Chernyshev
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University, (NPI), Prosvescheniya st., 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
| | - Valentine P. Ananikov
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University, (NPI), Prosvescheniya st., 132, Novocherkassk, 346428, Russia
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Neigenfind P, Knyszek D, Handelmann J, Gessner VH. Synthesis of Sterically Encumbered Di- and Triarylamines by Palladium-Catalysed C-N Coupling Reactions at Mild Reaction Conditions. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02352g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of bulky, ortho-substituted triarylamines often represents a synthetic challenge, but is highly desirable due to the use of these compounds in organic electronics. Here, we report on a...
Collapse
|
15
|
Steinsoultz P, Bailly A, Wagner P, Oliva E, Schmitt M, Grimaud L, Bihel F. In Situ Formation of Cationic π-Allylpalladium Precatalysts in Alcoholic Solvents: Application to C–N Bond Formation. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Steinsoultz
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR7200, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Médalis, Institut du Médicament de Strasbourg (IMS), Université de Strasbourg, 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Aurélien Bailly
- Laboratoire de Biomolécules (LBM), Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Université, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Patrick Wagner
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR7200, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Médalis, Institut du Médicament de Strasbourg (IMS), Université de Strasbourg, 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Estefania Oliva
- Plateforme d’Analyse Chimique de Strasbourg-Illkirch, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Martine Schmitt
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR7200, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Médalis, Institut du Médicament de Strasbourg (IMS), Université de Strasbourg, 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Laurence Grimaud
- Laboratoire de Biomolécules (LBM), Département de Chimie, Sorbonne Université, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Bihel
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR7200, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Médalis, Institut du Médicament de Strasbourg (IMS), Université de Strasbourg, 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Seo Y, Putro WS, Faried M, Lee VY, Mizusaki T, Takagi Y, Choe YK, Matsumoto K, Choi JC, Fukaya N. [Pd(4-RSi-IPr)(allyl)Cl]/KCO/EtOH: A highly effective catalytic system for the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
17
|
Yang C, Zhang L, Lu C, Zhou S, Li X, Li Y, Yang Y, Li Y, Liu Z, Yang J, Houk KN, Mo F, Guo X. Unveiling the full reaction path of the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling in a single-molecule junction. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 16:1214-1223. [PMID: 34475558 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00959-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Conventional analytic techniques that measure ensemble averages and static disorder provide essential knowledge of the reaction mechanisms of organic and organometallic reactions. However, single-molecule junctions enable the in situ, label-free and non-destructive sensing of molecular reaction processes at the single-event level with an excellent temporal resolution. Here we deciphered the mechanism of Pd-catalysed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling by means of a high-resolution single-molecule platform. Through molecular engineering, we covalently integrated a single molecule Pd catalyst into nanogapped graphene point electrodes. We detected sequential electrical signals that originated from oxidative addition/ligand exchange, pretransmetallation, transmetallation and reductive elimination in a periodic pattern. Our analysis shows that the transmetallation is the rate-determining step of the catalytic cycle and clarifies the controversial transmetallation mechanism. Furthermore, we determined the kinetic and thermodynamic constants of each elementary step and the overall catalytic timescale of this Suzuki-Miyaura coupling. Our work establishes the single-molecule platform as a detection technology for catalytic organochemistry that can monitor transition-metal-catalysed reactions in real time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chenxi Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shuyao Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yanwei Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Yu Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhirong Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Fanyang Mo
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Xuefeng Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China.
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
D'Alterio MC, Casals-Cruañas È, Tzouras NV, Talarico G, Nolan SP, Poater A. Mechanistic Aspects of the Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction. Chemistry 2021; 27:13481-13493. [PMID: 34269488 PMCID: PMC8518397 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The story of C-C bond formation includes several reactions, and surely Suzuki-Miyaura is among the most outstanding ones. Herein, a brief historical overview of insights regarding the reaction mechanism is provided. In particular, the formation of the catalytically active species is probably the main concern, thus the preactivation is in competition with, or even assumes the role of the rate determining step (rds) of the overall reaction. Computational chemistry is key in identifying the rds and thus leading to milder conditions on an experimental level by means of predictive catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo C D'Alterio
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli, Federico II Via Cintia, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Èric Casals-Cruañas
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Nikolaos V Tzouras
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Building S3, Krijgslaan 281, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Giovanni Talarico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli, Federico II Via Cintia, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Steven P Nolan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Building S3, Krijgslaan 281, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bigler R, Spiess D, Wellauer J, Binder M, Carré V, Fantasia S. Synthesis of Biaryl Phosphine Palladium(0) Precatalysts. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Bigler
- Pharmaceutical Division, Synthetic Molecules Technical Development, Process Chemistry & Catalysis, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Spiess
- Pharmaceutical Division, Synthetic Molecules Technical Development, Process Chemistry & Catalysis, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joël Wellauer
- Pharmaceutical Division, Synthetic Molecules Technical Development, Process Chemistry & Catalysis, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Binder
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, pCMC Analytics, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Victor Carré
- Pharmaceutical Division, Synthetic Molecules Technical Development, Process Chemistry & Catalysis, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Serena Fantasia
- Pharmaceutical Division, Synthetic Molecules Technical Development, Process Chemistry & Catalysis, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dardir AH, Casademont-Reig I, Balcells D, Ellefsen JD, Espinosa MR, Hazari N, Smith NE. Synthesis of Triarylmethanes via Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura Reactions of Diarylmethyl Esters. Organometallics 2021; 40:2332-2344. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amira H. Dardir
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Irene Casademont-Reig
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - David Balcells
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jonathan D. Ellefsen
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Matthew R. Espinosa
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Nilay Hazari
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Nicholas E. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lippa RA, Battersby DJ, Murphy JA, Barrett TN. Synthesis of Arylethylamines via C(sp 3)-C(sp 3) Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling. J Org Chem 2021; 86:3583-3604. [PMID: 33513016 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Substituted arylethylamines represent a key structural motif in natural, pharmaceutical, and agrochemical compounds. Access to such scaffolds has been the subject of long-standing synthetic interest. Herein, we report the synthesis of such scaffolds via a palladium-catalyzed C(sp3)-C(sp3) coupling between (chloromethyl)aryls and air-/moisture-stable N,N-dialkylaminomethyltrifluoroborate salts. Rapid hit identification was achieved using microscale high-throughput experimentation and was followed by millimolar-scale reaction parameter optimization. A range of structurally and electronically varied arylethylamine products were obtained in moderate to excellent yields (27-96%, >60 examples). The reaction mechanism is proposed to proceed via formation of a trialkylbenzylammonium species prior to oxidative addition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rhys A Lippa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K
| | - David J Battersby
- Medicinal Science & Technology, GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - John A Murphy
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Tim N Barrett
- Medicinal Science & Technology, GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Basuri P, Das S, Jenifer SK, Jana SK, Pradeep T. Microdroplet Impact-Induced Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (MISI MS) for Online Reaction Monitoring and Bacteria Discrimination. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:355-363. [PMID: 33200609 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microdroplet impact-induced spray ionization (MISI) is demonstrated involving the impact of microdroplets produced from a paper and their impact on another, leading to the ionization of analytes deposited on the latter. This cascaded process is more advantageous in comparison to standard spray ionization as it performs reactions and ionization simultaneously in the absence of high voltage directly applied on the sample. In MISI, we apply direct current (DC) potential only to the terminal paper, used as the primary ion source. Charge transfer due to microdroplet/ion deposition on the flowing analyte solution on the second surface generates secondary charged microdroplets from it carrying the analytes, which ionize and get detected by a mass spectrometer. In this way, up to three cascaded spray sources could be assembled in series. We show the detection of small molecules and proteins in such ionization events. MISI provides a method to understand chemical reactions by droplet impact. The C-C bond formation reactions catalyzed by palladium and alkali metal ion encapsulation using crown ether were studied as our model reactions. To demonstrate the application of our ion source in a bioanalytical context, we studied the noninvasive in situ discrimination of bacteria samples under ambient conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pallab Basuri
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Subhashree Das
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Shantha Kumar Jenifer
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Sourav Kanti Jana
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Thalappil Pradeep
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Martynova EA, Tzouras NV, Pisanò G, Cazin CSJ, Nolan SP. The “weak base route” leading to transition metal–N-heterocyclic carbene complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3836-3856. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc08149c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are nowadays ubiquitous in organometallic chemistry and catalysis. A simple synthetic route to these is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A. Martynova
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Gent
- Belgium
| | - Nikolaos V. Tzouras
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Gent
- Belgium
| | - Gianmarco Pisanò
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Gent
- Belgium
| | - Catherine S. J. Cazin
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Gent
- Belgium
| | - Steven P. Nolan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Gent
- Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shepelenko KE, Soliev SB, Galushko AS, Chernyshev VM, Ananikov VP. Different effects of metal-NHC bond cleavage on the Pd/NHC and Ni/NHC catalyzed α-arylation of ketones with aryl halides. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01411g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fundamental differences in the behavior of Pd/NHC and Ni/NHC catalytic systems in ketones α-arylation were elucidated and exploited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexey S. Galushko
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russia
| | | | - Valentine P. Ananikov
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI)
- Russia
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Espinosa MR, Doppiu A, Hazari N. Differences in the Performance of Allyl Based Palladium Precatalysts for Suzuki-Miyaura Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2020; 362:5062-5078. [PMID: 33384575 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Palladium(II) precatalysts are used extensively to facilitate cross-coupling reactions because they are bench stable and give high activity. As a result, precatalysts such as Buchwald's palladacycles, Organ's PEPPSI species, Nolan's allyl-based complexes, and Yale's 1-tert-butylindenyl containing complexes, are all commercially available. Comparing the performance of the different classes of precatalysts is challenging because they are typically used under different conditions, in part because they are reduced to the active species via different pathways. However, within a particular class of precatalyst, it is easier to compare performance because they activate via similar pathways and are used under the same conditions. Here, we evaluate the activity of different allyl-based precatalysts, such as (η3-allyl)PdCl(L), (η3-crotyl)PdCl(L), (η3-cinnamyl)PdCl(L), and (η3-1-tert-butylindenyl)PdCl(L) in Suzuki-Miyaura reactions. Specifically, we evaluate precatalyst performance as the ancillary ligand (NHC or phosphine), reaction conditions, and substrates are varied. In some cases, we connect relative activity to both the mechanism of activation and the prevalence of the formation of inactive palladium(I) dimers. Additionally, we compare the performance of in situ generated precatalysts with commonly used palladium sources such as tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (Pd2dba3), bis(acetonitrile)dichloropalladium(II) (Pd(CH3CN)2Cl2), and palladium acetate. Our results provide information about which precatalyst to use under different conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Espinosa
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P. O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | - Angelino Doppiu
- Precious Metals Chemistry, Umicore AG & Co. KG, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany
| | - Nilay Hazari
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P. O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hu H, Burlas CE, Curley SJ, Gruchala T, Qu F, Shaughnessy KH. Effect of Aryl Ligand Identity on Catalytic Performance of Trineopentylphosphine Arylpalladium Complexes in N-Arylation Reactions. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyuan Hu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Corrie E. Burlas
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Sabrina J. Curley
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Tomasz Gruchala
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Fengrui Qu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Kevin H. Shaughnessy
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ahmadvand Z, Bayat M, Zolfigol MA. Toward prediction of the precatalyst activation mechanism through the cross-coupling reactions: Reduction of Pd(II) to Pd(0) in precatalyst of the type Pd-PEPPSI. J Comput Chem 2020; 41:2296-2309. [PMID: 32757323 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Pd-PEPPSI type complexes are widely used as precatalyst in a variety of organic reactions, including the Negishi, Kumada and Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. The aim of this research is to determine potential proposed reaction pathways 1, 2, or 2' (See Schemes 1 and S1-S4) for Pd-PEPPSI precatalyst activation in the presence of ethylene glycol as a solvent also in the gas phase at Cam-B3LYP-D3 method nominated among eight DFT methods examined. There is also investigation into the impact of promoter bases (NaOEt, NaOi Pr, NaOt Bu) on precatalyst activation of Pd-PEPPSI. Eventually, the most favorable proposed reaction pathway and promoter base for reducing Pd(II) to Pd(0) are predicted computationally. Notably, our findings are consistent with the organ Pd-PEPPSI type complexes that offer increased catalytic activity and provide basic information in the presence of solvents designing the monoligated Pd(0)-solvent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Ahmadvand
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Bayat
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Zolfigol
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhou T, Xie PP, Ji CL, Hong X, Szostak M. Decarbonylative Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling of Aroyl Chlorides. Org Lett 2020; 22:6434-6440. [PMID: 32806154 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a catalyst system for Pd-catalyzed decarbonylative Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of aroyl chlorides with boronic acids to furnish biaryls. This strategy is suitable for a broad range of common aroyl chlorides and boronic acids. The synthetic utility is highlighted in the direct late-stage functionalization of pharmaceuticals and natural products capitalizing on the presence of carboxylic acid moiety. Extensive mechanistic and DFT studies provide key insight into the reaction mechanism and high decarbonylative cross-coupling selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongliang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Pei-Pei Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chong-Lei Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Li B, Zeng HC. Minimalization of Metallic Pd Formation in Suzuki Reaction with a Solid-State Organometallic Catalyst. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:33827-33837. [PMID: 32627521 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Suzuki reaction usually uses palladium (Pd) complexes to accommodate a wide range of substrates. In pursuing greener synthesis, immobilization of Pd complexes with various support materials has shown promising potential. Although this approach can give stable conversion, initially immobilized Pd ions are largely reduced to Pd0 aggregates and turned essentially into supported nanoparticles after use, which departs from its original intention of complex immobilization and thus hampers its activity. Herein, we immobilize noble metal ions into a spherical thiolated organosilica. This new type of catalysts can catalyze Suzuki reaction homogeneously via leaching out Pd ions and shuttling them back after the reaction. The excellent reusability attained can be attributed to minimalization of forming metallic palladium. Thus, the developed catalysts can be viewed as a two-way device to release and to restore metal ions for homogeneous catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, 119260, Singapore
| | - Hua Chun Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, 119260, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chernyshev VM, Denisova EA, Eremin DB, Ananikov VP. The key role of R-NHC coupling (R = C, H, heteroatom) and M-NHC bond cleavage in the evolution of M/NHC complexes and formation of catalytically active species. Chem Sci 2020; 11:6957-6977. [PMID: 33133486 PMCID: PMC7553045 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02629h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Complexes of metals with N-heterocyclic carbene ligands (M/NHC) are typically considered the systems of choice in homogeneous catalysis due to their stable metal-ligand framework. However, it becomes obvious that even metal species with a strong M-NHC bond can undergo evolution in catalytic systems, and processes of M-NHC bond cleavage are common for different metals and NHC ligands. This review is focused on the main types of the M-NHC bond cleavage reactions and their impact on activity and stability of M/NHC catalytic systems. For the first time, we consider these processes in terms of NHC-connected and NHC-disconnected active species derived from M/NHC precatalysts and classify them as fundamentally different types of catalysts. Problems of rational catalyst design and sustainability issues are discussed in the context of the two different types of M/NHC catalysis mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Chernyshev
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI) , Prosveschenya 132 , Novocherkassk , 346428 , Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Denisova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry , Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky Prospect 47 , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry B Eremin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry , Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky Prospect 47 , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation
- The Bridge@USC , University of Southern California , 1002 Childs Way , Los Angeles , California 90089-3502 , USA
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI) , Prosveschenya 132 , Novocherkassk , 346428 , Russia
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry , Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky Prospect 47 , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhou T, Ma S, Nahra F, Obled AMC, Poater A, Cavallo L, Cazin CSJ, Nolan SP, Szostak M. [Pd(NHC)(μ-Cl)Cl] 2: Versatile and Highly Reactive Complexes for Cross-Coupling Reactions that Avoid Formation of Inactive Pd(I) Off-Cycle Products. iScience 2020; 23:101377. [PMID: 32759055 PMCID: PMC7404551 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of more reactive, general, easily accessible, and readily available Pd(II)–NHC precatalysts remains a key challenge in homogeneous catalysis. In this study, we establish air-stable NHC–Pd(II) chloro-dimers, [Pd(NHC)(μ-Cl)Cl]2, as the most reactive Pd(II)–NHC catalysts developed to date. Most crucially, compared with [Pd(NHC)(allyl)Cl] complexes, replacement of the allyl throw-away ligand with chloride allows for a more facile activation step, while effectively preventing the formation of off-cycle [Pd2(μ-allyl)(μ-Cl)(NHC)2] products. The utility is demonstrated via broad compatibility with amide cross-coupling, Suzuki cross-coupling, and the direct, late-stage functionalization of pharmaceuticals. Computational studies provide key insight into the NHC–Pd(II) chloro-dimer activation pathway. A facile synthesis of NHC–Pd(II) chloro-dimers in one-pot from NHC salts is reported. Considering the tremendous utility of Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions and the overwhelming success of [Pd(NHC)(allyl)Cl] precatalysts, we believe that NHC–Pd(II) chloro-dimers, [Pd(NHC)(μ-Cl)Cl]2, should be considered as go-to precatalysts of choice in cross-coupling processes. Highly reactive, air-stable PdII–NHC chloro-dimer catalysts for cross-coupling reactions Broad substrate scope, excellent functional group tolerance, and chemoselectivity Rapid one-step catalyst synthesis and facile catalyst activation DFT studies provide key insights into PdII–NHC chloro-dimer activation pathway
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongliang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Siyue Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Fady Nahra
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S-3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Separation and Conversion Technology Unit, VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Alan M C Obled
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, Campus Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- King Abdullah University of Science & Technology, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Catherine S J Cazin
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S-3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven P Nolan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S-3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen M, Hsieh B, Liu Y, Wu K, Lussari N, Braga AA. N
,
N
′‐bridged binuclear NHC palladium complexes: A combined experimental catalytic and computational study for the Suzuki reaction. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming‐Tsz Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry Providence University Taichung 43301 Taiwan
| | - Bing‐Yan Hsieh
- Department of Applied Chemistry Providence University Taichung 43301 Taiwan
| | - Yi‐Hung Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry Providence University Taichung 43301 Taiwan
| | - Kuo‐Hui Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Natália Lussari
- Departamento de Química Fundamental Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 748 São Paulo 05508‐000 Brazil
| | - Ataualpa A.C. Braga
- Departamento de Química Fundamental Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 748 São Paulo 05508‐000 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Szostak M, Li G. Non-Classical Amide Bond Formation: Transamidation and Amidation of Activated Amides and Esters by Selective N–C/O–C Cleavage. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In the past several years, tremendous advances have been made in non-classical routes for amide bond formation that involve transamidation and amidation reactions of activated amides and esters. These new methods enable the formation of extremely valuable amide bonds via transition-metal-catalyzed, transition-metal-free, or metal-free pathways by exploiting chemoselective acyl C–X (X = N, O) cleavage under mild conditions. In a broadest sense, these reactions overcome the formidable challenge of activating C–N/C–O bonds of amides or esters by rationally tackling nN → π*C=O delocalization in amides and nO → π*C=O donation in esters. In this account, we summarize the recent remarkable advances in the development of new methods for the synthesis of amides with a focus on (1) transition-metal/NHC-catalyzed C–N/C–O bond activation, (2) transition-metal-free highly selective cleavage of C–N/C–O bonds, (3) the development of new acyl-transfer reagents, and (4) other emerging methods.1 Introduction2 Transamidation of Amides2.1 Transamidation by Metal–NHC Catalysis (Pd–NHC, Ni–NHC)2.2 Transition-Metal-Free Transamidation via Tetrahedral Intermediates2.3 Reductive Transamidation2.4 New Acyl-Transfer Reagents2.5 Tandem Transamidations3 Amidation of Esters3.1 Amidation of Esters by Metal–NHC Catalysis (Pd–NHC, Ni–NHC)3.2 Transition-Metal-Free Amidation of Esters via Tetrahedral Intermediates3.3 Reductive Amidation of Esters4 Transamidations of Amides by Other Mechanisms5 Conclusions and Outlook
Collapse
|
34
|
Eseola AO, Görls H, Orighomisan Woods JA, Plass W. Single monodentate N-donor ligands versus multi-ligand analogues in Pd(II)-catalysed C–C coupling at reduced temperatures. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
35
|
Wang CA, Liu C, Szostak M. N-Acyl-5,5-Dimethylhydantoins: Mild Acyl-Transfer Reagents for the Synthesis of Ketones Using Pd–PEPPSI or Pd/Phosphine Catalysts. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-An Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Tai’an, Shandong 271000, China
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Chengwei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Tappen J, Rodstein I, McGuire K, Großjohann A, Löffler J, Scherpf T, Gessner VH. Palladium Complexes Based on Ylide-Functionalized Phosphines (YPhos): Broadly Applicable High-Performance Precatalysts for the Amination of Aryl Halides at Room Temperature. Chemistry 2020; 26:4281-4288. [PMID: 31971642 PMCID: PMC7186839 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Palladium allyl, cinnamyl, and indenyl complexes with the ylide-substituted phosphines Cy3 P+ -C- (R)PCy2 (with R=Me (L1) or Ph (L2)) and Cy3 P+ -C- (Me)PtBu2 (L3) were prepared and applied as defined precatalysts in C-N coupling reactions. The complexes are highly active in the amination of 4-chlorotoluene with a series of different amines. Higher yields were observed with the precatalysts in comparison to the in situ generated catalysts. Changes in the ligand structures allowed for improved selectivities by shutting down β-hydride elimination or diarylation reactions. Particularly, the complexes based on L2 (joYPhos) revealed to be universal precatalysts for various amines and aryl halides. Full conversions to the desired products are reached mostly within 1 h reaction time at room temperature, thus making L2 to one of the most efficient ligands in C-N coupling reactions. The applicability of the catalysts was demonstrated for aryl chlorides, bromides and iodides together with primary and secondary aryl and alkyl amines, including gram-scale applications also with low catalyst loadings of down to 0.05 mol %. Kinetic studies further demonstrated the outstanding activity of the precatalysts with TOF over 10.000 h-1 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Tappen
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryChair of Inorganic Chemistry IIRuhr University BochumUniversitätsstr. 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Ilja Rodstein
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryChair of Inorganic Chemistry IIRuhr University BochumUniversitätsstr. 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Katie McGuire
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryChair of Inorganic Chemistry IIRuhr University BochumUniversitätsstr. 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Angela Großjohann
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryChair of Inorganic Chemistry IIRuhr University BochumUniversitätsstr. 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Julian Löffler
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryChair of Inorganic Chemistry IIRuhr University BochumUniversitätsstr. 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Thorsten Scherpf
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryChair of Inorganic Chemistry IIRuhr University BochumUniversitätsstr. 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Viktoria H. Gessner
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryChair of Inorganic Chemistry IIRuhr University BochumUniversitätsstr. 15044801BochumGermany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang Y, Liao J, Xie Z, Zhang K, Wu Y, Zuo P, Zhang W, Li J, Gao Z. Zeolite-Enhanced Sustainable Pd-Catalyzed C-C Cross-Coupling Reaction: Controlled Release and Capture of Palladium. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:11419-11427. [PMID: 32053339 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b18110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Supported palladium catalysts have attracted significant attention for use in cross-coupling reactions due to their recyclability. However, the inevitable progressive loss of Pd that occurs in the catalytic process deactivates the catalysts, which hinders their sustainable application. Herein, we report a zeolite-enhanced sustainable Pd catalyst for C-C cross-coupling reactions. Zeolite does a good job of acting as a sink for Pd2+ ions. This catalyst exhibits an excellent homogeneous catalytic performance by releasing Pd species from zeolite. In addition, the Pd2+ ions were successfully recaptured in a controlled catalytic system by combining the uniform microporous structure and good adsorption features of zeolite. The release/capture mechanism of the Pd species guaranteed the high loading and high dispersion of Pd on the recycled catalyst. The 0.84%Pd@USY catalysts were reused at least 10 times in water without an appreciable reduction in activity. This study presents a new perspective toward the design of a highly efficient and sustainable supported metal catalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Jiaping Liao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Zunyuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Kan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Ya Wu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Weiqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Jiyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ziwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
An N, Ainembabazi D, Reid C, Samudrala K, Wilson K, Lee AF, Voutchkova-Kostal A. Microwave-Assisted Decarbonylation of Biomass-Derived Aldehydes using Pd-Doped Hydrotalcites. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:312-320. [PMID: 31595700 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201901934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic decarbonylation is an underexplored strategy for deoxygenation of biomass-derived aldehydes owing to a lack of low-cost and robust heterogeneous catalysts that can operate in benign solvents. A family of Pd-functionalized hydrotalcites (Pd-HTs) were synthesized, characterized, and applied to the decarbonylation of furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes under microwave conditions. This catalytic system delivered enhanced decarbonylation yields and turnover frequencies, even at a low Pd loading (0.5 mol %). Furfural decarbonylation was optimized in a benign solvent (ethanol) compatible with biomass processing; HMF selectively afforded an excellent yield (93 %) of furfuryl alcohol without humin formation; however, a longer reaction favored the formation of furan through tandem alcohol dehydrogenation and decarbonylation. Yields of the substituted benzaldehydes (37-99 %) were proportional to the calculated Mulliken charge of the carbonyl carbon. Activity and selectivity reflected loading-dependent Pd speciation. Continuous-flow testing of the best Pd-HT catalyst delivered good stability over 16 h on stream, with near-quantitative conversion of HMF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan An
- Chemistry Department, The George Washington University, 880 22nd St NW, Washington, D.C., 20052, USA
| | - Diana Ainembabazi
- Chemistry Department, The George Washington University, 880 22nd St NW, Washington, D.C., 20052, USA
| | - Christopher Reid
- Chemistry Department, The George Washington University, 880 22nd St NW, Washington, D.C., 20052, USA
| | - Kavya Samudrala
- Chemistry Department, The George Washington University, 880 22nd St NW, Washington, D.C., 20052, USA
| | - Karen Wilson
- Applied Chemistry & Environmental Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Adam F Lee
- Applied Chemistry & Environmental Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Adelina Voutchkova-Kostal
- Chemistry Department, The George Washington University, 880 22nd St NW, Washington, D.C., 20052, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Shimomoto H, Nakajima M, Watanabe A, Murakami H, Itoh T, Ihara E. Effects of solvents, additives, and π-allyl ligand structures on the polymerization behavior of diazoacetates initiated by π-allylPd complexes. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01654f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have revealed that the quality of control of the polymerization was improved by adding some compounds and polymer tacticity was dependent on the structures of π-allyl ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Shimomoto
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Ehime University
- Matsuyama 790-8577
- Japan
| | - Moemi Nakajima
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Ehime University
- Matsuyama 790-8577
- Japan
| | - Akihiro Watanabe
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Ehime University
- Matsuyama 790-8577
- Japan
| | - Hirokazu Murakami
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Ehime University
- Matsuyama 790-8577
- Japan
| | - Tomomichi Itoh
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Ehime University
- Matsuyama 790-8577
- Japan
| | - Eiji Ihara
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Ehime University
- Matsuyama 790-8577
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Li Y, Gong JF, Song MP. Palladium-catalyzed δ-selective reductive Heck reaction of alkenyl carbonyl compounds with aryl iodides and bromides. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00428f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A simple, operationally convenient and highly regioselective palladium-catalyzed reductive Heck reaction of alkenyl carbonyl compounds with aryl iodides and bromides has been developed to afford structurally diverse δ-aryl pentanoic acid derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- College of Chemistry
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry
- Green Catalysis Center
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
| | - Jun-Fang Gong
- College of Chemistry
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry
- Green Catalysis Center
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
| | - Mao-Ping Song
- College of Chemistry
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry
- Green Catalysis Center
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ochoa E, Henao W, Fuertes S, Torres D, van Haasterecht T, Scott E, Bitter H, Suelves I, Pinilla JL. Synthesis and characterization of a supported Pd complex on carbon nanofibers for the selective decarbonylation of stearic acid to 1-heptadecene: the importance of subnanometric Pd dispersion. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00322k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Evaluation of the dispersion of Pd active sites on the catalyst performance during fatty acids decarbonylation to α-olefins was explored in this work. Pd subnanometric particles, clusters and aggregates were found to modulate the catalyst activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elba Ochoa
- Instituto de Carboquímica
- CSIC
- 50018 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Wilson Henao
- Instituto de Carboquímica
- CSIC
- 50018 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Sara Fuertes
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- CSIC – Universidad de Zaragoza
- Zaragoza
| | | | | | - Elinor Scott
- Biobased Chemistry and Technology
- Wageningen University
- Wageningen
- Netherlands
| | - Harry Bitter
- Biobased Chemistry and Technology
- Wageningen University
- Wageningen
- Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lei P, Ling Y, An J, Nolan SP, Szostak M. 2‐Methyltetrahydrofuran (2‐MeTHF): A Green Solvent for Pd−NHC‐Catalyzed Amide and Ester Suzuki‐Miyaura Cross‐Coupling by N−C/O−C Cleavage. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lei
- College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of ScienceChina Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
- Department of ChemistryRutgers University 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 United States
| | - Yun Ling
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of ScienceChina Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
| | - Jie An
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of ScienceChina Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
| | - Steven P. Nolan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable ChemistryGhent University Krijgslaan 281 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of ChemistryRutgers University 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 United States
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Sreedhar DB, Sunoj RB. Cooperativity and serial ligand catalysis in an allylic amination reaction by Pd(ii)-bis-sulfoxide and Brønsted acids. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:7723-7734. [PMID: 31386751 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01330j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, transition metal catalysts have been increasingly employed in conjunction with Brønsted acids under one-pot reaction conditions, opening up newer avenues for dual catalytic protocols. Under such dual catalytic conditions, the general premise of holding the native ligands on the catalyst in the same manner throughout the catalytic cycle becomes immediately questionable. We have invoked the likelihood of Serial Ligand Catalysis in an important intramolecular allylic amination of N-Boc (N-tert-butoxycarbonyl) protected homoallylic amine leading to an anti-oxazolidinone product. The reported reaction conditions employed (bis-sulfoxide)Pd(OAc)2 and dibutyl phosphoric acid (DBPOH) as the catalysts and benzoquinone (BQ) as the oxidant. We used density functional theory computations at the B3LYP-D3 level of theory to examine a comprehensive set of ligand combinations around the Pd center so as to identify the energetically most preferred pathway. The key catalytic events consist of (i) a C-H activation at the allylic position in the catalyst-substrate complex [Pd(L)(L')2(substrate)], leading to a (L)(L')Pd-π-allyl intermediate, and (ii) an intramolecular C-O bond formation between the carbonyl oxygen of the N-Boc amine and the allyl carbon. Interesting cooperativity between the catalysts in both these steps has been found, wherein the Pd(DBPO-)2(BS) species is involved in the C-H activation transition state and Pd(DBPO-)(BQ) in the C-O bond formation step. The energetic advantage in swapping the bis-sulfoxide ligand on Pd with a benzoquinone upon moving from the first step to the second step confirms the significance of serial ligand catalysis in dual catalytic reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilna B Sreedhar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | - Raghavan B Sunoj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Shaughnessy KH. Development of Palladium Precatalysts that Efficiently Generate LPd(0) Active Species. Isr J Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201900067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin H. Shaughnessy
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL 35487-0336 USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Dardir AH, Hazari N, Miller SJ, Shugrue CR. Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura Reactions of Aspartic Acid Derived Phenyl Esters. Org Lett 2019; 21:5762-5766. [PMID: 31290674 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed transformations of amino acids and peptides could provide a powerful method for their site-selective modification. Here, we report non-decarbonylative Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of phenyl ester derivatives of aspartic acid to form aryl-amino ketones. These products are potentially important in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, and our methodology represents a new route to access molecules of this type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amira H Dardir
- The Department of Chemistry , Yale University , P.O. Box 208107, New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States
| | - Nilay Hazari
- The Department of Chemistry , Yale University , P.O. Box 208107, New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States
| | - Scott J Miller
- The Department of Chemistry , Yale University , P.O. Box 208107, New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States
| | - Christopher R Shugrue
- The Department of Chemistry , Yale University , P.O. Box 208107, New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zinser CM, Warren KG, Nahra F, Al-Majid A, Barakat A, Islam MS, Nolan SP, Cazin CSJ. Palladate Precatalysts for the Formation of C–N and C–C Bonds. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Katie G. Warren
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Fady Nahra
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S-3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Separation and Conversion Technology, Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Abdullah Al-Majid
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Assem Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Shahidul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Steven P. Nolan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S-3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Catherine S. J. Cazin
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S-3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhou T, Li G, Nolan SP, Szostak M. [Pd(NHC)(acac)Cl]: Well-Defined, Air-Stable, and Readily Available Precatalysts for Suzuki and Buchwald-Hartwig Cross-coupling (Transamidation) of Amides and Esters by N-C/O-C Activation. Org Lett 2019; 21:3304-3309. [PMID: 30990697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A general class of well-defined, air-stable, and readily available Pd(II)-NHC precatalysts (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) for Suzuki and Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling of amides (transamidation) and esters by selective N-C/O-C cleavage is reported. Since these precatalysts are highly active and the easiest to synthesize, the study clearly suggests that [Pd(NHC)(acac)Cl] should be routinely included during the development of new cross-coupling methods. An assay for in situ screening of NHC salts in this cross-coupling manifold is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongliang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry , Rutgers University , 73 Warren Street , Newark , New Jersey 07102 , United States
| | - Guangchen Li
- Department of Chemistry , Rutgers University , 73 Warren Street , Newark , New Jersey 07102 , United States
| | - Steven P Nolan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry , Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281 , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Michal Szostak
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education , Shaanxi University of Science and Technology , Xi'an 710021 , China.,Department of Chemistry , Rutgers University , 73 Warren Street , Newark , New Jersey 07102 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ichitsuka T, Suzuki N, Sairenji M, Koumura N, Onozawa S, Sato K, Kobayashi S. Readily Available Immobilized Pd Catalysts for Suzuki‐Miyaura Coupling under Continuous‐flow Conditions. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Ichitsuka
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic ChemistryNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Central 5, Higashi 1-1-1 Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Naoto Suzuki
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic ChemistryNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Central 5, Higashi 1-1-1 Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Masaki Sairenji
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic ChemistryNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Central 5, Higashi 1-1-1 Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Nagatoshi Koumura
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic ChemistryNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Central 5, Higashi 1-1-1 Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Shun‐ya Onozawa
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic ChemistryNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Central 5, Higashi 1-1-1 Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Sato
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic ChemistryNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Central 5, Higashi 1-1-1 Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic ChemistryNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Central 5, Higashi 1-1-1 Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
- Department of Chemistry, School of ScienceThe University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Carrasco S, Martín‐Matute B. Hydrazine‐Free Facile Synthesis of Palladium‐Tetrakis(Triphenylphosphine). Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Carrasco
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Belén Martín‐Matute
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hou Y, Ma J, Yang H, Anderson EA, Whiting A, Wu N. Palladium-catalysed ligand-free reductive Heck cycloisomerisation of 1,6-en-α-chloro-enamides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:3733-3736. [PMID: 30855630 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00537d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first example of an intramolecular hydroarylation of 1,6-en-α-chloro-enamides was achieved by a palladium-catalysed ligand-free reductive Heck cycloisomerisation with no competing Heck-cyclised by-product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Hou
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Gulin, Guangxi 541004, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|