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Hu Y, Jiang X, Zhang S, Cai D, Zhou Z, Liu C, Zuo X, Lee SS. Coprecipitation of Fe/Cr Hydroxides at Organic-Water Interfaces: Functional Group Richness and (De)protonation Control Amounts and Compositions of Coprecipitates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:8501-8509. [PMID: 38696244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c01245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
Iron/chromium hydroxide coprecipitation controls the fate and transport of toxic chromium (Cr) in many natural and engineered systems. Organic coatings on soil and engineered surfaces are ubiquitous; however, mechanistic controls of these organic coatings over Fe/Cr hydroxide coprecipitation are poorly understood. Here, Fe/Cr hydroxide coprecipitation was conducted on model organic coatings of humic acid (HA), sodium alginate (SA), and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The organics bonded with SiO2 through ligand exchange with carboxyl (-COOH), and the adsorbed amounts and pKa values of -COOH controlled surface charges of coatings. The adsorbed organic films also had different complexation capacities with Fe/Cr ions and Fe/Cr hydroxide particles, resulting in significant differences in both the amount (on HA > SA(-COOH) ≫ BSA(-NH2)) and composition (Cr/Fe molar ratio: on BSA(-NH2) ≫ HA > SA(-COOH)) of heterogeneous precipitates. Negatively charged -COOH attracted more Fe ions and oligomers of hydrolyzed Fe/Cr species and subsequently promoted heterogeneous precipitation of Fe/Cr hydroxide nanoparticles. Organic coatings containing -NH2 were positively charged at acidic pH because of the high pKa value of the functional group, limiting cation adsorption and formation of coprecipitates. Meanwhile, the higher local pH near the -NH2 coatings promoted the formation of Cr(OH)3. This study advances fundamental understanding of heterogeneous Fe/Cr hydroxide coprecipitation on organics, which is essential for successful Cr remediation and removal in both natural and engineered settings, as well as the synthesis of Cr-doped iron (oxy)hydroxides for material applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandi Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming 650092, P. R. China
| | - Xulin Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Suona Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Dawei Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zehao Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobing Zuo
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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2
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Hu Y, Zhang S, Zhou Z, Cao Z. Heterogeneous Coprecipitation of Nanocrystals with Metals on Substrates. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1254-1263. [PMID: 38488208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusThe heterogeneous coprecipitation of nanocrystals with metals on substrates plays a significant role in both natural and engineered systems. Due to the small dimensions and thereby the large specific surface area, nanocrystal coprecipitation with metals, which is ubiquitous in natural settings, exerts drastic effects on the biogeochemical cycling of metals on the earth's crust. Meanwhile, the controlled synthesis of nanocrystals with metal doping to achieve tunable size/composition enables their broad applications as adsorbents and catalysts in many engineered settings. Despite their importance, complex interactions among aqueous ions/polymers, nanocrystals, substrates, and metals are far from being well-understood, leaving the controlling mechanisms for nanocrystal formation with metals on substrates uncovered.In this Account, we discuss our systematic investigation over the past 10 years of the heterogeneous formation of representative nanocrystals with metals on typical substrates. We chose Fe(OH)3 and BaSO4 as representative nanocrystals. Mechanisms for varied metal coprecipitation were also investigated for both types of nanocrystals (i.e., Fe, Al, Cr, Cu, and Pb)(OH)3 and (Ba, Sr)(SO4, SeO4, and SeO3)). Bare SiO2 and Al2O3, as well as those coated with varied organics, were selected as geologically or synthetically representative substrates. Through the integration of state-of-the-art nanoscale interfacial characterization techniques with theoretical calculations, the complex interactions during nanocrystal formation at interfaces were probed and the controlling mechanisms were identified.For BaSO4 and Fe(OH)3 formation on substrates, the local supersaturation levels near substrates were controlled by Ba2+ adsorption and the electrostatic attraction of Fe(OH)3 monomer/polymer to substrates, respectively. Meanwhile, substrate hydrophobicity controlled the interfacial energy for the nucleation of both nanocrystals on (in)organic substrates. Metal ions' (i.e., Cr/Al/Cu/Pb) hydrolysis constants and substrates' dielectric constants controlled metal ion adsorption onto substrates, which altered the surface charges of substrates, thus controlling heterogeneous Fe(OH)3 nanocrystal formation on substrates by electrostatic interactions. The sizes and compositions of heterogeneous (Fe, Cr)(OH)3 and (Ba, Sr)(SO4, SeO4, SeO3) formed on substrates were found to be distinct from those of homogeneous precipitates formed in solution. The substrate (de)protonation could alter the local solution's pH and the substrates' surface charge; substrates could also adsorb cations, affecting local Fe/Cr/Ba/Sr ion concentrations at solid-water interfaces, thus controlling the amount/size/composition of nanocrystals by tuning their nucleation/growth/deposition on substrates. From slightly supersaturated solution, homogeneous coprecipitates of microsized (Ba, Sr)(SO4, SeO4, SeO3) formed through growth, with little Sr/Se(VI) incorporation due to higher solubilities of SrSO4 and BaSeO4 over BaSO4. While cation enrichment near substrates made the local solution highly supersaturated, nanosized coprecipitates formed on substrates through nucleation, with more Sr/Se(VI) incorporation due to lower interfacial energies of SrSO4 and BaSeO4 over BaSO4. The new insights gained advanced our understanding of the biogeochemical cycling of varied elements at solid-water interfaces and of the controlled synthesis of functional nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandi Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Suona Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zehao Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhiqian Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Beijing 100871, China
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3
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Yalcin O, Sourav S, Wachs IE. Design of Cr-Free Promoted Copper-Iron Oxide-Based High-Temperature Water-Gas Shift Catalysts. ACS Catal 2023; 13:12681-12691. [PMID: 37822859 PMCID: PMC10563126 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c02474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The effect of Ce addition to the Cr-free Al-promoted Cu-Fe oxide-based catalysts is investigated. Catalyst characterization (X-ray diffraction (XRD), in situ Raman spectroscopy, high-sensitivity low-energy ion scattering (HS-LEIS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis), CO-temperature-programmed reduction chemical probing, and steady-state WGS activity reveal that (i) in the absence of Al, Ce addition via coprecipitation has a detrimental effect on the catalytic activity related to the poor thermostability and formation of less active Ce-Cu-O NPs, (ii) the addition of Ce via coprecipitation also does not improve the performance of the CuAlFe catalyst because of the formation of a thick CeOx overlayer on the active Cu-FeOx interface, and (iii) impregnation of Ce onto the CuAlFe catalyst exhibits significant improvement in catalytic performance due to the formation of a highly active CeOx-FeOx-Cu interfacial area. In summary, Al does not surface-segregate and serves as a structural promoter, while Ce and Cu surface-segregate and act as functional promoters in Ce/CuAlFe mixed oxide catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgen Yalcin
- College
of Engineering and Technology, American
University of the Middle East, Egaila 54200, Kuwait
| | - Sagar Sourav
- Operando
Molecular Spectroscopy & Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Israel E. Wachs
- Operando
Molecular Spectroscopy & Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
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4
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Ariëns MI, van de Water L, Dugulan AI, Brück E, Hensen E. Substituting Chromium in Iron-Based Catalysts for the High-Temperature Water–Gas Shift Reaction. ACS Catal 2022; 12:13838-13852. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. I. Ariëns
- Fundamental Aspects of Materials and Energy, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - L.G.A. van de Water
- Johnson Matthey, P.O. Box 1, Belasis Avenue, Billingham, Cleveland TS23 1LB, United Kingdom
| | - A. I. Dugulan
- Fundamental Aspects of Materials and Energy, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - E. Brück
- Fundamental Aspects of Materials and Energy, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - E.J.M. Hensen
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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5
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Wang J, Zhu ML, Song YH, Liu ZT, Wang L, Liu ZW. Molecular-level investigation on supported CrOx catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation of propane with carbon dioxide. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Ariëns M, van de Water L, Dugulan A, Brück E, Hensen E. Copper promotion of chromium-doped iron oxide water-gas shift catalysts under industrially relevant conditions. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Gioria E, Ingale P, Pohl F, Naumann d'Alnoncourt R, Thomas A, Rosowski F. Boosting the performance of Ni/Al2O3 for the reverse water gas shift reaction through formation of CuNi nanoalloys. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01585k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Adding Cu to Ni/Al2O3 is an excellent strategy to suppress methane formation and enhance carbon monoxide yield through formation of alloyed nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Gioria
- BasCat – UniCat BASF JointLab, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Piyush Ingale
- BasCat – UniCat BASF JointLab, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Felix Pohl
- BasCat – UniCat BASF JointLab, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | | | - Arne Thomas
- Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany
| | - Frank Rosowski
- BasCat – UniCat BASF JointLab, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany
- BASF SE, Process Research and Chemical Engineering, Ludwigshafen 67056, Germany
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8
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Senamart N, Deekamwong K, Wittayakun J, Prayoonpokarach S, Chanlek N, Poo-arporn Y, Wannapaiboon S, Kidkhunthod P, Loiha S. Structural elucidation of hexavalent Cr adsorbed on surfaces and bulks of Fe 3O 4 and α-FeOOH. RSC Adv 2022; 12:25578-25586. [PMID: 36199300 PMCID: PMC9453572 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03676b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetite (Fe3O4) and goethite (α-FeOOH) were synthesized via a hydrothermal approach and utilized as adsorbents for Cr6+ removal in an aqueous medium. Cr3+ could migrate into bulk Fe3O4 and stabilize in form of a solid solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichapha Senamart
- Center for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Krittanun Deekamwong
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Jatuporn Wittayakun
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Sanchai Prayoonpokarach
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Narong Chanlek
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | | | | | - Pinit Kidkhunthod
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Sirinuch Loiha
- Center for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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9
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Gu M, Dai S, Qiu R, Ford ME, Cao C, Wachs IE, Zhu M. Structure–Activity Relationships of Copper- and Potassium-Modified Iron Oxide Catalysts during Reverse Water–Gas Shift Reaction. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengwei Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Sheng Dai
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Runfa Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Michael E. Ford
- Operando Molecular Spectroscopy & Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Chenxi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Israel E. Wachs
- Operando Molecular Spectroscopy & Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Minghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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10
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Raghav H, Siva Kumar Konathala L, Mishra N, Joshi B, Goyal R, Agrawal A, Sarkar B. Fe-decorated hierarchical molybdenum carbide for direct conversion of CO2 into ethylene: Tailoring activity and stability. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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11
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The role of CO2 in the dehydrogenation of n-octane using Cr-Fe catalysts supported on MgAl2O4. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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Tian P, Gu M, Qiu R, Yang Z, Xuan F, Zhu M. Tunable Carbon Dioxide Activation Pathway over Iron Oxide Catalysts: Effects of Potassium. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c01592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Mengwei Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Runfa Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zixu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Fuzhen Xuan
- Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Minghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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13
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Influence of Co on Ethylene Steam Reforming Over Co–Cr–O Spinel Catalysts. Catal Letters 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-020-03396-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Cao C, Xie Y, Chen Y, Lu J, Shi J, Jin H, Wang S, Zhang L. Hydrogen Production from Supercritical Water Gasification of Lignin and Cellulose with Coprecipitated CuO–ZnO and Fe 2O 3–Cr 2O 3. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c00963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Yupeng Xie
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Yi Chen
- China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen 518031, China
| | - Jie Lu
- China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen 518031, China
| | - Jinwen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Hui Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Henan Province Boiler Pressure Vessel Safety Inspection Institute, Zhengzhou 450016, China
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15
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Lais T, Lukashuk L, van de Water L, Hyde TI, Aramini M, Sankar G. Elucidation of copper environment in a Cu-Cr-Fe oxide catalyst through in situ high-resolution XANES investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:5888-5896. [PMID: 33660717 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06468h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Copper containing materials are widely used in a range of catalytic applications. Here, we report the use of Cu K-edge high resolution XANES to determine the local site symmetry of copper ions during the thermal treatment of a Cu-Cr-Fe oxide catalyst. We exploited the Cu K-edge XANES spectral features, in particular the correlation between area under the pre-edge peak and its position to determine the local environment of Cu2+ ions. The information gained from this investigation rules out the presence of Cu2+ ions in a tetrahedral or square planar geometry, a mixture of these sites, or in a reduced oxidation state. Evidence is presented that the Cu2+ ions in the Cu-Cr-Fe oxide system are present in a distorted octahedral environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahmin Lais
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK.
| | - Liliana Lukashuk
- Johnson Matthey, PO Box 1, Belasis Avenue, Billingham, Cleveland TS23 1LB, UK
| | - Leon van de Water
- Johnson Matthey, PO Box 1, Belasis Avenue, Billingham, Cleveland TS23 1LB, UK
| | - Timothy I Hyde
- Johnson Matthey, Blounts Court, Sonning Common, Reading, RG4 9NH, UK
| | - Matteo Aramini
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Gopinathan Sankar
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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16
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Kiani D, Sourav S, Tang Y, Baltrusaitis J, Wachs IE. Methane activation by ZSM-5-supported transition metal centers. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:1251-1268. [PMID: 33284308 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01016b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on recent fundamental insights about methane dehydroaromatization (MDA) to benzene over ZSM-5-supported transition metal oxide-based catalysts (MOx/ZSM-5, where M = V, Cr, Mo, W, Re, Fe). Benzene is an important organic intermediate, used for the synthesis of chemicals like ethylbenzene, cumene, cyclohexane, nitrobenzene and alkylbenzene. Current production of benzene is primarily from crude oil processing, but due to the abundant availability of natural gas, there is much recent interest in developing direct processes to convert CH4 to liquid chemicals. Among the various gas-to-liquid methods, the thermodynamically-limited Methane DehydroAromatization (MDA) to benzene under non-oxidative conditions appears very promising as it circumvents deep oxidation of CH4 to CO2 and does not require the use of a co-reactant. The findings from the MDA catalysis literature is critically analyzed with emphasis on in situ and operando spectroscopic characterization to understand the molecular level details regarding the catalytic sites before and during the MDA reaction. Specifically, this review discusses the anchoring sites of the supported MOx species on the ZSM-5 support, molecular structures of the initial dispersed surface MOx sites, nature of the active sites during MDA, reaction mechanisms, rate-determining step, kinetics and catalyst activity of the MDA reaction. Finally, suggestions are given regarding future experimental investigations to fill the information gaps currently found in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniyal Kiani
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA.
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17
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Deng W, Gao B, Jia Z, Liu D, Guo L. Co–Cr bimetallic oxides derived from layered double hydroxides with high catalytic performance for chlorinated aromatics oxidation. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00791b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Co–Cr bimetallic oxides with different Co/Cr molar ratios were prepared through a layered double hydroxide (LDH)-derived method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
| | - Biao Gao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
| | - Ziye Jia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
| | - Dongqi Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
| | - Limin Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
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18
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Matsui H, Ishiguro N, Suzuki Y, Wakamatsu K, Yamada C, Sato K, Maejima N, Uruga T, Tada M. Reversible structural transformation and redox properties of Cr-loaded iron oxide dendrites studied by in situ XANES spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:28093-28099. [PMID: 33289731 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04416d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cr-Loaded iron oxide with a dendritic crystalline structure was synthesized and the reversible crystalline phase transition during redox cycling of the iron oxide was investigated. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed that Cr was well dispersed and loaded in the iron oxide dendrite crystals, whose lattice constant was dependent on the Cr loading. Temperature-programmed oxidation and reduction experiments revealed the reversible redox properties of the Cr-loaded iron oxide dendrites, whose redox temperature was found to be lower than that of Cr-free iron oxide dendrites. In situ Fe K-edge and Cr K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) analysis indicated that Cr loading extended the redox reaction window for conversion between Fe3O4 and γ-Fe2O3 owing to compressive lattice strain in the iron oxide spinel structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirosuke Matsui
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science & Institute for Advanced Science & Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS) & the R-ing (Reaction Infography) World Research Unit (B-1), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan.
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19
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20
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Hu ZP, Wang Z, Yuan ZY. Cr/Al2O3 catalysts with strong metal-support interactions for stable catalytic dehydrogenation of propane to propylene. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2020.111052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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21
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Schnadt J, Knudsen J, Johansson N. Present and new frontiers in materials research by ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:413003. [PMID: 32438360 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab9565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this topical review we catagorise all ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy publications that have appeared between the 1970s and the end of 2018 according to their scientific field. We find that catalysis, surface science and materials science are predominant, while, for example, electrocatalysis and thin film growth are emerging. All catalysis publications that we could identify are cited, and selected case stories with increasing complexity in terms of surface structure or chemical reaction are discussed. For thin film growth we discuss recent examples from chemical vapour deposition and atomic layer deposition. Finally, we also discuss current frontiers of ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy research, indicating some directions of future development of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Schnadt
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jan Knudsen
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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22
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Cr-Free, Cu Promoted Fe Oxide-Based Catalysts for High-Temperature Water-Gas Shift (HT-WGS) Reaction. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10030305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca, Ni, Co, and Ge promoters were examined as potential candidates to substitute for the current toxic Cr in Cu-promoted Fe oxide-based catalysts for the HT-WGS reaction. The Ca and Ni promoters were found to improve catalyst performance relative to promotion with Cr. The HS-LEIS surface analysis data demonstrate that Ca and Ge tend to segregate on the surface, while Ni, Co, and Cr form solid solutions in the Fe3O4 bulk lattice. The corresponding number of catalytic active sites, redox, and WGS activity values of the catalysts were determined with CO-TPR, CO+H2O-TPSR, and SS-WGS studies, respectively. The poorer HT-WGS performances of the Ge and Co promoters are related to the presence of surface Ge and Co that inhibits catalyst redox ability, with the Co also not stabilizing the surface area of the Fe3O4 support. The Ni promoter uniformly disperses the Cu nanoparticles on the catalyst surface and increases the number of FeOx-Cu interfacial redox sites. The Ca promoter on the catalyst surface, however, enhances the activity of the FeOx-Cu interfacial redox sites. The CO+H2O TPSR results reveal that the redox ability of the active sites follows the SS-WGS performance of the catalysts and show the following trend: 3Cu8CaFe > 3Cu8NiFe ≥ 3Cu8CrFe > 3Cu8CoFe >> 3Cu8GeFe. Furthermore, all the catalysts followed a redox-type reaction mechanism for the HT-WGS reaction.
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24
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Cao Y, Peng X, Tan Z, Liu Y, Wang X, Zhao W, Jiang L. Structural Evolution of Active Entities on Co 3O 4/CeO 2 Catalyst during Water Gas Shift Reaction. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanning Cao
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Xuanbei Peng
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Zhenni Tan
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Xiuyun Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Weitao Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Lilong Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
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25
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Nguyen L, Tao FF, Tang Y, Dou J, Bao XJ. Understanding Catalyst Surfaces during Catalysis through Near Ambient Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Chem Rev 2019; 119:6822-6905. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luan Nguyen
- Institute of In Situ/Operando Studies of Catalysis and State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment and College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Franklin Feng Tao
- Institute of In Situ/Operando Studies of Catalysis and State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment and College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Yu Tang
- Institute of In Situ/Operando Studies of Catalysis and State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment and College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Jian Dou
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Xiao-Jun Bao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
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26
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Polo-Garzon F, Fung V, Nguyen L, Tang Y, Tao F, Cheng Y, Daemen LL, Ramirez-Cuesta AJ, Foo GS, Zhu M, Wachs IE, Jiang DE, Wu Z. Elucidation of the Reaction Mechanism for High-Temperature Water Gas Shift over an Industrial-Type Copper–Chromium–Iron Oxide Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:7990-7999. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Polo-Garzon
- Chemical Sciences Division and Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Victor Fung
- Chemical Sciences Division and Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Luan Nguyen
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Yu Tang
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Franklin Tao
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Yongqiang Cheng
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Luke L. Daemen
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Anibal J. Ramirez-Cuesta
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Guo Shiou Foo
- Chemical Sciences Division and Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Minghui Zhu
- Operando Molecular Spectroscopy & Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Israel E. Wachs
- Operando Molecular Spectroscopy & Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - De-en Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Zili Wu
- Chemical Sciences Division and Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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27
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Zhong L, Chen D, Zafeiratos S. A mini review of in situ near-ambient pressure XPS studies on non-noble, late transition metal catalysts. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy00632j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The rich surface chemistry of Fe, Co, Ni and Cu during heterogeneous catalytic reactions from the perspective of NAP-XPS studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhong
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l’Energie, l’Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES)
- ECPM
- UMR 7515 CNRS – Université de Strasbourg
- 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02
- France
| | - Dingkai Chen
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l’Energie, l’Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES)
- ECPM
- UMR 7515 CNRS – Université de Strasbourg
- 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02
- France
| | - Spyridon Zafeiratos
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l’Energie, l’Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES)
- ECPM
- UMR 7515 CNRS – Université de Strasbourg
- 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02
- France
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28
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Recent advances in iron-based high-temperature water-gas shift catalysis for hydrogen production. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Zhu M, Wachs IE. A perspective on chromium-Free iron oxide-based catalysts for high temperature water-gas shift reaction. Catal Today 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2017.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Utsis N, Landau MV, Erenburg A, Nehemya RV, Herskowitz M. Performance of Reverse Water Gas Shift on Coprecipitated and C-Templated BaFe-Hexaaluminate: The Effect of Fe Loading, Texture, and Promotion with K. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201800709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Utsis
- Chemical Engineering Department Blechner Center for Industrial Catalysis and Process Development; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - Miron V. Landau
- Chemical Engineering Department Blechner Center for Industrial Catalysis and Process Development; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - Alexander Erenburg
- Chemical Engineering Department Blechner Center for Industrial Catalysis and Process Development; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - Roxana Vidruk Nehemya
- Chemical Engineering Department Blechner Center for Industrial Catalysis and Process Development; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - Moti Herskowitz
- Chemical Engineering Department Blechner Center for Industrial Catalysis and Process Development; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel
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31
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Zhang Y, Fu D, Liu X, Zhang Z, Zhang C, Shi B, Xu J, Han YF. Operando Spectroscopic Study of Dynamic Structure of Iron Oxide Catalysts during CO2
Hydrogenation. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Donglong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Xianglin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Zhengpai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Bianfang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Yi-Fan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
- Research Center of Heterogeneous Catalysis and Engineering Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 P.R. China
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32
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Puga AV. On the nature of active phases and sites in CO and CO2 hydrogenation catalysts. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy01216d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Advanced characterisation techniques are shedding new light on the identification of active COx hydrogenation phases and sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto V. Puga
- Instituto de Tecnología Química
- Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 46022 Valencia
- Spain
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33
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Landau MV, Meiri N, Utsis N, Vidruk Nehemya R, Herskowitz M. Conversion of CO2, CO, and H2 in CO2 Hydrogenation to Fungible Liquid Fuels on Fe-Based Catalysts. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. V. Landau
- Chemical Engineering Department,
Blechner Center for Industrial Catalysis and Process Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - N. Meiri
- Chemical Engineering Department,
Blechner Center for Industrial Catalysis and Process Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - N. Utsis
- Chemical Engineering Department,
Blechner Center for Industrial Catalysis and Process Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - R. Vidruk Nehemya
- Chemical Engineering Department,
Blechner Center for Industrial Catalysis and Process Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - M. Herskowitz
- Chemical Engineering Department,
Blechner Center for Industrial Catalysis and Process Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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34
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35
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Amoyal M, Vidruk-Nehemya R, Landau MV, Herskowitz M. Effect of potassium on the active phases of Fe catalysts for carbon dioxide conversion to liquid fuels through hydrogenation. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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36
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Samanta A, Landau MV, Vidruk-Nehemya R, Herskowitz M. CO2 hydrogenation to higher hydrocarbons on K/Fe–Al–O spinel catalysts promoted with Si, Ti, Zr, Hf, Mn and Ce. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy01118k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Si and Zr species grafted on Fe–Al–O catalysts act as an inhibitor and promoter, respectively, in CO2 hydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Samanta
- Chemical Engineering Department
- Blechner Center for Industrial Catalysis and Process Development
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
- Beer-Sheva
- Israel
| | - M. V. Landau
- Chemical Engineering Department
- Blechner Center for Industrial Catalysis and Process Development
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
- Beer-Sheva
- Israel
| | - R. Vidruk-Nehemya
- Chemical Engineering Department
- Blechner Center for Industrial Catalysis and Process Development
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
- Beer-Sheva
- Israel
| | - M. Herskowitz
- Chemical Engineering Department
- Blechner Center for Industrial Catalysis and Process Development
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
- Beer-Sheva
- Israel
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