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Yu J, Guo H, Zhang J, Hu J, He H, Chen C, Yang N, Yang F, Lin Z, Dai H, Ouyang L, Liu C, Lei X, Zhang L, Zhu G, Song F. Chrysomycins, Anti-Tuberculosis C-Glycoside Polyketides from Streptomyces sp. MS751. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:259. [PMID: 38921570 DOI: 10.3390/md22060259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
A new dimeric C-glycoside polyketide chrysomycin F (1), along with four new monomeric compounds, chrysomycins G (2), H (3), I (4), J (5), as well as three known analogues, chrysomycins A (6), B (7), and C (8), were isolated and characterised from a strain of Streptomyces sp. obtained from a sediment sample collected from the South China Sea. Their structures were determined by detailed spectroscopic analysis. Chrysomycin F contains two diastereomers, whose structures were further elucidated by a biomimetic [2 + 2] photodimerisation of chrysomycin A. Chrysomycins B and C showed potent anti-tuberculosis activity against both wild-type Mycobacterium tuberculosis and a number of clinically isolated MDR M. tuberculosis strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hui Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiansen Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongtao He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Caixia Chen
- Technology Transfer Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Na Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zexu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Huanqin Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liming Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Cuihua Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaoguang Lei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guoliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Fuhang Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education of China; School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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2
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Hu Z, Weng Q, Cai Z, Zhang H. Optimization of fermentation conditions and medium components for chrysomycin a production by Streptomyces sp. 891-B6. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:120. [PMID: 38582825 PMCID: PMC10998411 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03258-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chrysomycin A (CA) is a promising antibiotic for treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections and cancers. In order to enhance CA yield, optimization of fermentation conditions and medium components was carried out on strain Streptomyces sp. 891-B6, an UV-induced mutant with improved CA titer compared with its wide-type marine strain 891. RESULTS Using one-way experiment, the optimal fermentation conditions for CA production in 1-L shake flask were obtained as follows: 12 days of fermentation time, 5 days of seed age, 5% of inoculum volume ratio, 200 mL of loading volume and 6.5 of initial pH. By response surface methodology, the optimal medium components determined as glucose (39.283 g/L), corn starch (20.662 g/L), soybean meal (15.480 g/L) and CaCO3 (2.000 g/L). CONCLUSION Validation tests showed that the maximum yield of CA reached 1601.9 ± 56.7 mg/L, which was a 60% increase compared to the initial yield (952.3 ± 53.2 mg/L). These results provided an important basis for scale-up production of CA by strain 891-B6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Qiangang Weng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Zhehui Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
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3
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Röder L, Venegas ST, Wurst K, Magauer T. Synthesis of C3- epi-virenose and anomerically activated derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2024; 140:155041. [PMID: 38665383 PMCID: PMC7615872 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2024.155041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
A 9-step synthetic route to a protected form of the C3-epimer of virenose from D-fucose is described. C3-epi-virenose is the carbohydrate unit of the bioactive polyketide elsamicin B and part of the carbohydrate unit of elsamicin A. The developed route enabled preparation of anomerically activated forms of this unique C6-deoxy sugar, including derivatives with 1-acetyl, 1-acetylthio, 1-trichloroacetimidate, 1-bromo, and 1-fluoro substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liesa Röder
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80–82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sofia Torres Venegas
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80–82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Department of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Magauer
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80–82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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4
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Sahoo P. Complementary supramolecular drug associates in perfecting the multidrug therapy against multidrug resistant bacteria. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1352483. [PMID: 38415251 PMCID: PMC10897028 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1352483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The inappropriate and inconsistent use of antibiotics in combating multidrug-resistant bacteria exacerbates their drug resistance through a few distinct pathways. Firstly, these bacteria can accumulate multiple genes, each conferring resistance to a specific drug, within a single cell. This accumulation usually takes place on resistance plasmids (R). Secondly, multidrug resistance can arise from the heightened expression of genes encoding multidrug efflux pumps, which expel a broad spectrum of drugs from the bacterial cells. Additionally, bacteria can also eliminate or destroy antibiotic molecules by modifying enzymes or cell walls and removing porins. A significant limitation of traditional multidrug therapy lies in its inability to guarantee the simultaneous delivery of various drug molecules to a specific bacterial cell, thereby fostering incremental drug resistance in either of these paths. Consequently, this approach prolongs the treatment duration. Rather than using a biologically unimportant coformer in forming cocrystals, another drug molecule can be selected either for protecting another drug molecule or, can be selected for its complementary activities to kill a bacteria cell synergistically. The development of a multidrug cocrystal not only improves tabletability and plasticity but also enables the simultaneous delivery of multiple drugs to a specific bacterial cell, philosophically perfecting multidrug therapy. By adhering to the fundamental tenets of multidrug therapy, the synergistic effects of these drug molecules can effectively eradicate bacteria, even before they have the chance to develop resistance. This approach has the potential to shorten treatment periods, reduce costs, and mitigate drug resistance. Herein, four hypotheses are presented to create complementary drug cocrystals capable of simultaneously reaching bacterial cells, effectively destroying them before multidrug resistance can develop. The ongoing surge in the development of novel drugs provides another opportunity in the fight against bacteria that are constantly gaining resistance to existing treatments. This endeavour holds the potential to combat a wide array of multidrug-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pathik Sahoo
- International Center for Materials and Nanoarchitectronics (MANA), Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization (RCAMC), National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
- Foundation of Physics Research Center (FoPRC), Celico, Italy
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5
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Thu NQ, Tien NTN, Yen NTH, Duong TH, Long NP, Nguyen HT. Push forward LC-MS-based therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacometabolomics for anti-tuberculosis precision dosing and comprehensive clinical management. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:16-38. [PMID: 38352944 PMCID: PMC10859566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The spread of tuberculosis (TB), especially multidrug-resistant TB and extensively drug-resistant TB, has strongly motivated the research and development of new anti-TB drugs. New strategies to facilitate drug combinations, including pharmacokinetics-guided dose optimization and toxicology studies of first- and second-line anti-TB drugs have also been introduced and recommended. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has arguably become the gold standard in the analysis of both endo- and exo-genous compounds. This technique has been applied successfully not only for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) but also for pharmacometabolomics analysis. TDM improves the effectiveness of treatment, reduces adverse drug reactions, and the likelihood of drug resistance development in TB patients by determining dosage regimens that produce concentrations within the therapeutic target window. Based on TDM, the dose would be optimized individually to achieve favorable outcomes. Pharmacometabolomics is essential in generating and validating hypotheses regarding the metabolism of anti-TB drugs, aiding in the discovery of potential biomarkers for TB diagnostics, treatment monitoring, and outcome evaluation. This article highlighted the current progresses in TDM of anti-TB drugs based on LC-MS bioassay in the last two decades. Besides, we discussed the advantages and disadvantages of this technique in practical use. The pressing need for non-invasive sampling approaches and stability studies of anti-TB drugs was highlighted. Lastly, we provided perspectives on the prospects of combining LC-MS-based TDM and pharmacometabolomics with other advanced strategies (pharmacometrics, drug and vaccine developments, machine learning/artificial intelligence, among others) to encapsulate in an all-inclusive approach to improve treatment outcomes of TB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Quang Thu
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Tran Nam Tien
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Thi Hai Yen
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Thuc-Huy Duong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Phuoc Long
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Huy Truong Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
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6
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Groß D, van Otterlo WAL, Trapp O, Berthold D. Atroposelective Ni II -Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions Enable a Deeper Understanding of Negishi Couplings: Isolation and Application of Solid Aryl Higher-Order Zincates. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302841. [PMID: 37665654 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The Negishi cross-coupling reactions involves the application of organozinc reagents and is a highly versatile reaction in synthetic organic chemistry. The transmetallation step plays a pivotal role in the mechanism of these types of cross-coupling reactions. In this study, mechanistic investigations are presented indicating that higher-order zincates are the transmetallating active species in Pd- and Ni-catalyzed Negishi cross-coupling reactions. These findings are supported by halide salt addition experiments and by obtaining a single X-ray crystal structure of the solid monoaryl higher-order zincate [1-NaphthylZnX3 ]2- Mg(THF)2 2+ . The procedure developed in this work was further applied to the synthesis of various monoaryl higher-order zincates, after which their synthetic usefulness in terms of high reactivity towards transmetallation in Negishi cross-couplings, as well as stability, was exemplified in several reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Groß
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag XI, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa) ORTEP
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Dino Berthold
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
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7
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Berthold D, van Otterlo WAL. Unprecedented Direct Asymmetric Total Syntheses of 5,8'-Naphthylisoquinoline Alkaloids from their Fully Substituted Precursors Employing a Novel Nickel/N,N-ligand-Catalyzed Atroposelective Cross-Coupling Reaction. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302070. [PMID: 37515575 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
A general and concise synthetic pathway for the preparation of four different 5,8'-coupled naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, employing a specially developed nickel/N,N-ligand-catalyzed atroposelective Negishi coupling is reported. In the first reported direct atroposelective coupling of the fully substituted precursors, the naturally occurring cross-coupled products were generally obtained directly in reasonable yields and high enantiomeric purities. For the synthesis of the cross-coupling precursors, we employed a modification of Bringmann's known approach to the dihydroisoquinoline compounds and a newly developed route for the naphthalene building blocks. For the latter 1,8-dioxynaphthalene precursors, our strategy utilized Hartwig's borylation/methylation approach and included the efficient installation of orthogonal protecting groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dino Berthold
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag XI, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag XI, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
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8
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Cai Y, Chu Y, Gong Y, Hong Y, Song F, Wang H, Zhang H, Sun X. Enhanced Transdermal Peptide-Modified Flexible Liposomes for Efficient Percutaneous Delivery of Chrysomycin A to Treat Subcutaneous Melanoma and Intradermal MRSA Infection. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300881. [PMID: 37267625 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Superficial skin diseases, including skin infections and tumors, are common healthcare burdens. In this study, the in vivo activity of chrysomycin A (CA) is explored, and a transdermal liposomal CA formulation is further constructed for the simultaneous treatment of cutaneous melanoma and cutaneous methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. The prepared liposomes (TD-LP-CA) display a strong antitumor effect with an IC50 value of less than 0.1 µm in B16-F10 cells, suppress the proliferation of MRSA with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1 µm, and eradicate established MRSA biofilms at 10× MIC in vitro. More importantly, TD-LP-CA shows enhanced stratum corneum (SC) penetration, reaching more than 500 µm beneath the skin's surface due to modification with the TD peptide, and demonstrates excellent subcutaneous tumor penetration after skin application in vivo. TD-LP-CA displays an excellent therapeutic effect against intradermal MRSA infection in mice after topical dermal administration, as well as a moderate inhibitory effect on subcutaneous melanoma with a 75% tumor inhibition rate. The liposomes prepared herein can be a promising carrier for transcutaneous CA transfer for the treatment of superficial diseases such as skin tumors and infections due to their ability to overcome the skin barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cai
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals & College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Yuteng Chu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals & College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Yubei Gong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals & College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Yulu Hong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals & College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Fuhang Song
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals & College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Employment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals & College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Xuanrong Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals & College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
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9
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Wang Q, Guo F, Wang J, Lei X. Divergent total syntheses of ITHQ-type bis-β-carboline alkaloids by regio-selective formal aza-[4 + 2] cycloaddition and late-stage C-H functionalization. Chem Sci 2023; 14:10353-10359. [PMID: 37772099 PMCID: PMC10530148 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03722c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We herein report the first total syntheses of several bis-β-carboline alkaloids, picrasidines G, S, R, and T, and natural product-like derivatives in a divergent manner. Picrasidines G, S, and T feature an indolotetrahydroquinolizinium (ITHQ) skeleton, while picrasidine R possesses a 1,4-diketone linker between two β-carboline fragments. The synthesis of ITHQ-type bis-β-carboline alkaloids could be directly achieved by a late-stage regio-selective aza-[4 + 2] cycloaddition of vinyl β-carboline alkaloids, suggesting that this remarkable aza-[4 + 2] cycloaddition might be involved in the biosynthetic pathway. Computational studies revealed that such aza-[4 + 2] cycloaddition is a stepwise process and explained the unique regioselectivity (ΔΔG = 3.77 kcal mol-1). Moreover, the successful application of iridium-catalyzed C-H borylation on β-carboline substrates enabled the site-selective C-8 functionalization for efficient synthesis and structural diversification of this family of natural products. Finally, concise synthesis of picrasidine R by the thiazolium-catalyzed Stetter reaction was also accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixuan Wang
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Fusheng Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Lei
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
- Institute for Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518107 P. R. China
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10
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Park KJ, Maier S, Zhang C, Dixon SAH, Rusch DB, Pupo MT, Angus SP, Gerdt JP. Ravidomycin Analogs from Streptomyces sp. Exhibit Altered Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Selectivity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:1968-1979. [PMID: 37531219 PMCID: PMC10797603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Six new ravidomycin analogs (1-4, 6, and 7) were isolated from Streptomyces sp. Am59 using UV- and LCMS-guided separation based on Global Natural Products Social (GNPS) molecular networking analysis. Furthermore, we isolated fucomycin V (9), which possesses the same chromophore as ravidomycin but features a d-fucopyranose instead of d-ravidosamine. This is the first report of 9 as a natural product. Four new analogs (10-13) of 9 were also isolated. The structures were elucidated by combined spectroscopic and computational methods. We also found an inconsistency with the published [α]D25 of deacetylravidomycin, which is reported to have a (-) sign. Instead, we observed a (+) specific rotation for the reported absolute configuration of deacetylravidomycin (containing d-ravidosamine). We confirmed the positive sign by reisolating deacetylravidomycin from S. ravidus and by deacetylating ravidomycin. Finally, antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxicity activities were determined for the compounds. Compared to deacetylravidomycin, the compounds 4-6, 9, 11, and 12 exhibited greater antibacterial selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Jin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Sarah Maier
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Chengqian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Shelley A H Dixon
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Douglas B Rusch
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Monica T Pupo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil
| | - Steven P Angus
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Joseph P Gerdt
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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11
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Jia J, Zheng M, Zhang C, Li B, Lu C, Bai Y, Tong Q, Hang X, Ge Y, Zeng L, Zhao M, Song F, Zhang H, Zhang L, Hong K, Bi H. Killing of Staphylococcus aureus persisters by a multitarget natural product chrysomycin A. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg5995. [PMID: 37540745 PMCID: PMC10403215 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg5995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus poses a severe public health problem as one of the vital causative agents of healthcare- and community-acquired infections. There is a globally urgent need for new drugs with a novel mode of action (MoA) to combat S. aureus biofilms and persisters that tolerate antibiotic treatment. We demonstrate that a benzonaphthopyranone glycoside, chrysomycin A (ChryA), is a rapid bactericide that is highly active against S. aureus persisters, robustly eradicates biofilms in vitro, and shows a sustainable killing efficacy in vivo. ChryA was suggested to target multiple critical cellular processes. A wide range of genetic and biochemical approaches showed that ChryA directly binds to GlmU and DapD, involved in the biosynthetic pathways for the cell wall peptidoglycan and lysine precursors, respectively, and inhibits the acetyltransferase activities by competition with their mutual substrate acetyl-CoA. Our study provides an effective antimicrobial strategy combining multiple MoAs onto a single small molecule for treatments of S. aureus persistent infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jia
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Mingxin Zheng
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chongwen Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Binglei Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Cai Lu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuefan Bai
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qian Tong
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xudong Hang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yixin Ge
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Liping Zeng
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fuhang Song
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Kui Hong
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hongkai Bi
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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12
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Kumar G, C A. Natural products and their analogues acting against Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A recent update. Drug Dev Res 2023; 84:779-804. [PMID: 37086027 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the deadliest infectious diseases caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). It is responsible for significant causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. M.tb possesses robust defense mechanisms against most antibiotic drugs and host responses due to their complex cell membranes with unique lipid molecules. Thus, the efficacy of existing front-line drugs is diminishing, and new and recurring cases of TB arising from multidrug-resistant M.tb are increasing. TB begs the scientific community to explore novel therapeutic avenues. A precise knowledge of the compounds with their mode of action could aid in developing new anti-TB agents that can kill latent and actively multiplying M.tb. This can help in the shortening of the anti-TB regimen and can improve the outcome of treatment strategies. Natural products have contributed several antibiotics for TB treatment. The sources of anti-TB drugs/inhibitors discussed in this work are target-based identification/cell-based and phenotypic screening from natural products. Some of the recently identified natural products derived leads have reached clinical stages of TB drug development, which include rifapentine, CPZEN-45, spectinamide-1599 and 1810. We believe these anti-TB agents could emerge as superior therapeutic compounds to treat TB over known Food and Drug Administration drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Kumar
- Department of Natural Products, Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Amrutha C
- Department of Natural Products, Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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13
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Li R, Yan J, Feng B, Sun M, Ding C, Shen H, Zhu J, Yu S. Ultrasensitive Detection of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Based on Boric Acid-Functionalized Fluorescent MOF@COF. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:18663-18671. [PMID: 37036801 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of antibiotics has made multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) one of the greatest threats toward global health. Current conventional microbial detection methods are usually time-consuming, labor-intensive, expensive, and unable to detect low concentrations of bacteria, which cause great difficulties in clinical diagnosis and treatment. Herein, we constructed a versatile biosensing platform on the basis of boric acid-functionalized porous framework composites (MOF@COF-BA), which were able to realize highly efficient and sensitive label-free MDRB detection via fluorescence. In this design, MDRB were captured using aptamer-coated nanoparticles and the fluorescent probe MOF@COF-BA was tightly anchored onto the surface of MDRB due to interactions between boric acid groups and glycolipids on bacteria cells. Benefitting from the remarkable fluorescence performance of MOF@COF-BA, rapid and specific detection of MDRB, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Acinetobacter baumannii (AB), was realized with a detection range of 20-108 CFU/mL (for both) and limits of detection of 7 CFU/mL (MRSA) and 5 CFU/mL (AB). The feasibility of using the developed platform to selectively detect MRSA and AB from complex urine, human serum, and cerebrospinal fluid samples was also demonstrated. This work provides a promising strategy for accurate MDRB diagnosis, avoiding serious infection using rational antibiotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiwen Li
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Jintao Yan
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Min Sun
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Chuanfan Ding
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Hao Shen
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Shaoning Yu
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry, School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
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14
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Zhang J, Liu P, Chen J, Yao D, Liu Q, Zhang J, Zhang HW, Leung ELH, Yao XJ, Liu L. Upgrade of chrysomycin A as a novel topoisomerase II inhibitor to curb KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma progression. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106565. [PMID: 36414124 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A primary strategy employed in cancer therapy is the inhibition of topoisomerase II (Topo II), implicated in cell survival. However, side effects and adverse reactions restrict the utilization of Topo II inhibitors. Thus, investigations focus on the discovery of novel compounds that are capable of inhibiting the Topo II enzyme and feature safer toxicological profiles. Herein, we upgrade an old antibiotic chrysomycin A from Streptomyces sp. 891 as a compelling Topo II enzyme inhibitor. Our results show that chrysomycin A is a new chemical entity. Notably, chrysomycin A targets the DNA-unwinding enzyme Topo II with an efficient binding potency and a significant inhibition of intracellular enzyme levels. Intriguingly, chrysomycin A kills KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma cells and is negligible cytotoxic to normal cells at the cellular level, thus indicating a capability of potential treatment. Furthermore, mechanism studies demonstrate that chrysomycin A inhibits the Topo II enzyme and stimulates the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, thereby inducing DNA damage-mediated cancer cell apoptosis. Importantly, chrysomycin A exhibits excellent control of cancer progression and excellent safety in tumor-bearing models. Our results provide a chemical scaffold for the synthesis of new types of Topo II inhibitors and reveal a novel target for chrysomycin A to meet its further application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau; School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Pei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau
| | - Jianwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Dahong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau
| | - Juanhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau; School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Hua-Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Elaine Lai-Han Leung
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Health Science, and MOE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau.
| | - Xiao-Jun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau.
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau.
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15
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Sahayasheela VJ, Lankadasari MB, Dan VM, Dastager SG, Pandian GN, Sugiyama H. Artificial intelligence in microbial natural product drug discovery: current and emerging role. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:2215-2230. [PMID: 36017693 PMCID: PMC9931531 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00035k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to the end of 2022Microorganisms are exceptional sources of a wide array of unique natural products and play a significant role in drug discovery. During the golden era, several life-saving antibiotics and anticancer agents were isolated from microbes; moreover, they are still widely used. However, difficulties in the isolation methods and repeated discoveries of the same molecules have caused a setback in the past. Artificial intelligence (AI) has had a profound impact on various research fields, and its application allows the effective performance of data analyses and predictions. With the advances in omics, it is possible to obtain a wealth of information for the identification, isolation, and target prediction of secondary metabolites. In this review, we discuss drug discovery based on natural products from microorganisms with the help of AI and machine learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinodh J Sahayasheela
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Manendra B Lankadasari
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Vipin Mohan Dan
- Microbiology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Syed G Dastager
- NCIM Resource Centre, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR - National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ganesh N Pandian
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomaecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomaecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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16
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Zhu W, Pei X, Chen X, Wu Y, Song F, Zhang H. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Two Chrysomycin-Producing Wild-Type and Mutant Strains of Streptomyces sp. 891. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121170. [PMID: 36557208 PMCID: PMC9785815 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chrysomycin A (CA), a promising antibiotic agent, usually coexists with two analog chrysomycins B (CB) and C (CC) produced by several wild-type (WT) Streptomyces strains. With the aim to increase CA production, UV mutagenesis-based breeding had been employed on a marine-derived strain Streptomyces sp. 891 in our previous study and afforded an improved strain 891-B6 with enhanced CA yield. By comparative transcriptome analysis, significant differences in chrysomycin BGC-related gene expression between the WT strain 891 and the mutant strain 891-B6 were unveiled in the current study. Among 25 up-regulated genes in mutant 891-B6, chryA, chryB, chryC, chryF, chryG, chryK, chryP, and chryQ, responsible for the biosynthesis of benzonaphthopyranone aglycone, and chryD, chryE, and chryU in charge of production of its deoxyglycoside, were characterized. Furthermore, the expression of genes chryOII, chryOIII, and chryOIV responsible for the formation of 8-vinyl in CA from 8-ethyl in CB were greatly enhanced in strain 891-B6. These findings provide molecular mechanisms for increased yield of CA and decreased yield of CB for mutant 891-B6, which has potential application in industrial CA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangjie Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xinwei Pei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - You Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Fuhang Song
- Department of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +86-571-88320913
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17
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Fang J, Dong C, Xiong S. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv0790c inhibits the cellular autophagy at its early stage and facilitates mycobacterial survival. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1014897. [DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1014897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rv0790c is predicted to be a conserved hypothetical protein encoded by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). However, its function in Mtb infection remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that Rv0790c promoted bacillary survival of M. smegmatis (Ms), both in vitro and in vivo. The bacillary burden of Ms exogenously expressing Rv0790c increased, whereas in Rv0790c-knockouts the bacillary burden decreased in infected macrophages. Multiple cellular processes were analyzed to explore the underlying mechanisms. We found that neither inflammatory regulation nor apoptotic induction were responsible for the promotion of bacillary survival mediated by Rv0790c. Interestingly, we found that Rv0790c facilitates mycobacterial survival through cellular autophagy at its early stage. Immunoprecipitation assay of autophagy initiation-related proteins indicated that Rv0790c interacted with mTOR and enhanced its activity, as evidenced by the increased phosphorylation level of mTOR downstream substrates, ULK-1, at Ser757 and P70S6K, at Thr389. Our study uncovers a novel autophagy suppressor encoded by mycobacterial Rv0790c, which inhibits the early stage of cellular autophagy induction upon Mtb infection and takes an important role in maintaining intracellular mycobacterial survival. It may aid in understanding the mechanism of Mtb evasion of host cellular degradation, as well as hold the potential to develop new targets for the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis.
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18
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Liu CF. Recent Advances on Natural Aryl- C-glycoside Scaffolds: Structure, Bioactivities, and Synthesis-A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2022; 27:7439. [PMID: 36364266 PMCID: PMC9654268 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aryl-C-glycosides, of both synthetic and natural origin, are of great significance in medicinal chemistry owing to their unique structures and stability towards enzymatic and chemical hydrolysis as compared to O-glycosides. They are well-known antibiotics and potent enzyme inhibitors and possess a wide range of biological activities such as anticancer, antioxidant, antiviral, hypoglycemic effects, and so on. Currently, a number of aryl-C-glycoside drugs are on sale for the treatment of diabetes and related complications. This review summarizes the findings on aryl-C-glycoside scaffolds over the past 20 years, concerning new structures (over 200 molecules), their bioactivities-including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antivirus, glycation inhibitory activities and other pharmacological effects-as well as their synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Fu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
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19
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Mao Y, Li J, Tang C, Ma B, Xu Z, Ke C, Feng L, Zhang H, Yao S, Dai HX, Ye Y. Fused-ring α-pyrones from intramolecular C–H activation and their lipids-lowering activity associated with LXR-IDOL-LDLR axis regulation. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114866. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Liu DN, Liu M, Zhang SS, Shang YF, Song FH, Zhang HW, Du GH, Wang YH. Chrysomycin A Inhibits the Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of U251 and U87-MG Glioblastoma Cells to Exert Its Anti-Cancer Effects. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196148. [PMID: 36234681 PMCID: PMC9570634 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chrysomycin A (Chr-A), an antibiotic from Streptomyces, is reported to have anti-tumor and anti-tuberculous activities, but its anti-glioblastoma activity and possible mechanism are not clear. Therefore, the current study was to investigate the mechanism of Chr-A against glioblastoma using U251 and U87-MG human cells. CCK8 assays, EdU-DNA synthesis assays and LDH assays were carried out to detect cell viability, proliferation and cytotoxicity of U251 and U87-MG cells, respectively. Transwell assays were performed to detect the invasion and migration abilities of glioblastoma cells. Western blot was used to validate the potential proteins. Chr-A treatment significantly inhibited the growth of glioblastoma cells and weakened the ability of cell migration and invasion by down regulating the expression of slug, MMP2 and MMP9. Furthermore, Chr-A also down regulated Akt, p-Akt, GSK-3β, p-GSK-3β and their downstream proteins, such as β-catenin and c-Myc in human glioblastoma cells. In conclusion, Chr-A may inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells through the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ni Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Man Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yu-Fu Shang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Fu-Hang Song
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hua-Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Guan-Hua Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (G.-H.D.); (Y.-H.W.)
| | - Yue-Hua Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (G.-H.D.); (Y.-H.W.)
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21
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Ding YN, Li N, Huang YC, An Y, Liang YM. Visible-Light-Induced Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric C(sp 3)-C(sp 3)-H Glycosylation: Access to C-Glycopeptides. Org Lett 2022; 24:4519-4523. [PMID: 35729799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a practical and highly efficient method for visible-light-induced copper-catalyzed N-aminoquinoline-directed asymmetric C(sp3)-C(sp3)-H glycosylation was reported. At the same time, C(sp3)-C(sp3)-H glycosylation of nondeoxysugars with amino acids to construct C-glycopeptides was achieved. This approach promoted the synthesis of various C-glycopeptides and provided a new model for the synthesis of C-glycoamino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Chong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yang An
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Min Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
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22
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Bisht R, Haldar C, Hassan MMM, Hoque ME, Chaturvedi J, Chattopadhyay B. Metal-catalysed C-H bond activation and borylation. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:5042-5100. [PMID: 35635434 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01012c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalysed direct borylation of hydrocarbons via C-H bond activation has received a remarkable level of attention as a popular reaction in the synthesis of organoboron compounds owing to their synthetic versatility. While controlling the site-selectivity was one of the most challenging issues in these C-H borylation reactions, enormous efforts of several research groups proved instrumental in dealing with selectivity issues that presently reached an impressive level for both proximal and distal C-H bond borylation reactions. For example, in the case of ortho C-H bond borylation reactions, innovative methodologies have been developed either by the modification of the directing groups attached with the substrates or by creating new catalytic systems via the design of new ligand frameworks. Whereas meta and para selective C-H borylations remained a formidable challenge, numerous innovative concepts have been developed within a very short period of time by the development of new catalytic systems with the employment of various noncovalent interactions. Moreover, significant advancements have occurred for aliphatic C(sp3)-H borylations as well as enantioselective borylations. In this review article, we aim to discuss and summarize the different approaches and findings related to the development of directed proximal ortho, distal meta/para, aliphatic (racemic and enantioselective) borylation reactions since 2014. Additionally, considering the C-H borylation reaction as one of the most important mainstream reactions, various applications of this C-H borylation reaction toward the synthesis of natural products, therapeutics, and applications in materials chemistry will be summarized in the last part of this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana Bisht
- Center of Bio-Medical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Chabush Haldar
- Center of Bio-Medical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Mirja Md Mahamudul Hassan
- Center of Bio-Medical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Md Emdadul Hoque
- Center of Bio-Medical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Jagriti Chaturvedi
- Center of Bio-Medical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Buddhadeb Chattopadhyay
- Center of Bio-Medical Research, Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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23
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Comprehensive Genomic Analysis of Marine Strain Streptomyces sp. 891, an Excellent Producer of Chrysomycin A with Therapeutic Potential. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20050287. [PMID: 35621938 PMCID: PMC9144908 DOI: 10.3390/md20050287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chrysomycin A is one of the most promising therapeutic candidates for treating infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria. By hybridizing next-step generation (Illumina) and third-generation (PacBio) sequencing technologies, a high-quality chromosome-level genome together with a plasmid was firstly assembled for chrysomycin A-producing marine strain 891. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene and genome sequences revealed that this strain unambiguously belonged to the genus Streptomyces, and its genomic features and functional genes were comprehensively analyzed and annotated. AntiSMASH analysis of this strain unveiled one key biosynthetic gene cluster, T2PKS, responsible for the biosynthesis of chrysomycin, the biosynthesis pathway of which was putatively proposed. These findings definitely shed light on further investigation for construction of a robust industrial strain with high-yield chrysomycin A production using genetic engineering techniques and combinatorial biology approaches.
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24
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Yue Z, Wu F, Guo F, Park J, Wang J, Zhang L, Liao D, Li W, Schärer OD, Lei X. Polycarcin V induces DNA-damage response and enables the profiling of DNA-binding proteins. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 9:nwac046. [PMID: 36601137 PMCID: PMC9798893 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To maintain genomic integrity and avoid diseases, the DNA-damage response (DDR) not only detects and repairs DNA lesions, but also contributes to the resistance to DNA-damaging chemotherapeutics. Targeting the DDR plays a significant role in drug discovery using the principle of synthetic lethality. The incomplete current knowledge of the DDR encouraged us to develop new strategies to identify and study its components and pathways. Polycarcin V, belonging to the C-aryl glycoside natural products, is a light-activatable DNA-intercalating agent that causes DNA damage by forming a covalent [2+2] cycloadduct with thymine residue under 365-450 nm of light irradiation in a DNA-sequence-independent manner. Taking advantage of the light-activatable feature and temporal control of DDR, we designed and synthesized polycarcin V-based bifunctional chemical probes, including one that cross-links DNA to DNA-binding protein to explore the DDR induced by polycarcin V and uncover novel DNA-protein interactions. Utilizing this chemical probe and activity-based protein profiling-stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture, we identified 311 DNA-binding protein candidates, including known DDR factors and additional proteins that may be of interest in discovering new biology. We validated our approach by showing that our probe could specifically cross-link proteins involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER) that repair bulky DNA adducts. Our studies showed that the [2+2] cycloadduct formed by polycarcin V could indeed be repaired by NER in vivo. As a DNA-damaging agent, polycarcin V or its drug-like derivative plus blue light showed promising properties for psoriasis treatment, suggesting that it may itself hold promise for clinic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jiyeong Park
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Daohong Liao
- Jiangsu JITRI Molecular Engineering Inst. Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215500, China
| | - Wenyang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Orlando D Schärer
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea,Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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25
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Muralikrishnan B, Edison LK, Dusthackeer A, Jijimole GR, Ramachandran R, Madhavan A, Kumar RA. Chrysomycin A inhibits the topoisomerase I of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2022; 75:226-235. [PMID: 35136191 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-022-00503-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Novel anti-tuberculosis drugs are essential to manage drug-resistant tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We recently reported the antimycobacterial activity of chrysomycin A in vitro and in infected macrophages. In this study, we report that it inhibits the growth of drug-resistant clinical strains of M. tuberculosis and acts in synergy with anti-TB drugs such as ethambutol, ciprofloxacin, and novobiocin. In pursuit of its mechanism of action, it was found that chrysomycin A is bactericidal and exerts this activity by interacting with DNA at specific sequences and by inhibiting the topoisomerase I activity of M. tuberculosis. It also exhibits weak inhibition of the DNA gyrase enzyme of the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Muralikrishnan
- Mycobacterium Research Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Lekshmi K Edison
- Mycobacterium Research Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Azger Dusthackeer
- Department of Bacteriology, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G R Jijimole
- Mycobacterium Research Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Ranjit Ramachandran
- Mycobacterium Research Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Aravind Madhavan
- Mycobacterium Research Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Ramakrishnan Ajay Kumar
- Mycobacterium Research Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
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26
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Computational prediction and validation of specific EmbR binding site on PknH. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2021; 6:429-436. [PMID: 34901481 PMCID: PMC8636726 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis drug resistance continues to threaten global health but the underline molecular mechanisms are not clear. Ethambutol (EMB), one of the well-known first - line drugs in tuberculosis treatment is, unfortunately, not free from drug resistance problems. Genomic studies have shown that some genetic mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) EmbR, and EmbC/A/B genes cause EMB resistance. EmbR-PknH pair controls embC/A/B operon, which encodes EmbC/A/B genes, and EMB interacts with EmbA/B proteins. However, the EmbR binding site on PknH was unknown. We conducted molecular simulation on the EmbR– peptides binding structures and discovered phosphorylated PknH 273–280 (N′-HEALSPDPD-C′) makes β strand with the EmbR FHA domain, as β-MoRF (MoRF; molecular recognition feature) does at its binding site. Hydrogen bond number analysis also supported the peptides' β-MoRF forming activity at the EmbR FHA domain. Also, we discovered that previously known phosphorylation residues might have their chronological order according to the phosphorylation status. The discovery validated that Mtb PknH 273–280 (N′-HEALSDPD-C′) has reliable EmbR binding affinity. This approach is revolutionary in the computer-aided drug discovery field, because it is the first trial to discover the protein-protein interaction site, and find binding partner in nature from this site.
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27
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Jiang B, Dai M. 11-Step and Scalable Total Synthesis of Hamigeran M Enabled by Five C-H Functionalizations. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:20084-20089. [PMID: 34813320 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report the convergent total synthesis of (±)-hamigeran M, enabled by five C-H functionalization reactions and proceeding in 11 steps in 3.9% overall yield. The C-H functionalizations include a hydroxy-directed C-H borylation, one C-H metalation-1,2-addition, one C-H metalation-Negishi coupling, a late-stage oxazole-directed C-H borylation-oxidation, and one electrophilic bromination. Two of these five C-H functionalizations forged strategic C-C bonds in the seven-membered ring of hamigeran M. The oxazole-directed C-H borylation-oxidation was unprecedented and ensured a late-stage hydroxylation. Other key steps include a tandem Suzuki reaction-lactonization to join the cyclopentane building block with the aromatic moiety and a hydrogen-atom transfer reaction to reduce a challenging tetrasubstituted double bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiyang Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mingji Dai
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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28
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Exploring disordered loops in DprE1 provides a functional site to combat drug-resistance in Mycobacterium strains. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 227:113932. [PMID: 34700267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As an anti-tuberculosis target, DprE1 contains two flexible loops (Loop I and Loop II) which have never been exploited for developing DprE1 inhibitors. Here Leu317 in Loop II was discovered as a new functional site to combat drug-resistance in Mycobacterium strains. Based on TCA1, LZDT1 was designed to optimize the hydrophobic interaction with Leu317. A subsequent biochemical and cellular assay displayed increased potency of LZDT1 in inhibiting DprE1 and killing drug-sensitive/-resistant Mycobacterium strains. The improved activity of LZDT1 and its analogue LZDT2 against multidrug resistant tuberculosis was particularly highlighted. For LZDT1, its enhanced interaction with Leu317 also impaired the drug-insensitivity of DprE1 caused by Cys387 mutation. A new nonbenzothiazole lead (LZDT10) with reduced Cys387-dependence was further produced by optimizing interactions with Leu317, improvement directions for LZDT10 were discussed as well. Our research underscores the value of potential functional sites in disordered loops, and affords a feasible way to develop these functional sites into opportunities for drug-resistance management.
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29
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Liu M, Zhang SS, Liu DN, Yang YL, Wang YH, Du GH. Chrysomycin A Attenuates Neuroinflammation by Down-Regulating NLRP3/Cleaved Caspase-1 Signaling Pathway in LPS-Stimulated Mice and BV2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136799. [PMID: 34202695 PMCID: PMC8268846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chrysomycin A (Chr-A), an antibiotic chrysomycin, was discovered in 1955 and is used to treat cancer and tuberculosis. In the present study, the anti-neuroinflammatory effects and possible mechanism of Chr-A in BALB/c mice and in BV2 microglia cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were investigated. Firstly, the cortex tissues of mice were analyzed by RNA-seq transcriptome to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) regulated by Chr-A in LPS-stimulated mice. Inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory proteins were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot. In RNAseq detection, 639 differential up-regulated genes between the control group and LPS model group and 113 differential down-regulated genes between the LPS model group and Chr-A treatment group were found, and 70 overlapping genes were identified as key genes for Chr-A against neuroinflammation. Subsequent GO biological process enrichment analysis showed that the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of Chr-A might be related to the response to cytokine, cellular response to cytokine stimulus, and regulation of immune system process. The significant signaling pathways of KEGG enrichment analysis were mainly involved in TNF signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, NF-κB signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Our results of in vivo or in vitro experiments showed that the levels of pro-inflammatory factors including NO, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17, TNF-α, MCP-1, CXCL12, GM-CSF and COX2 in the LPS-stimulated group were higher than those in the control group, while Chr-A reversed those conditions. Furthermore, the Western blot analysis showed that its anti-neuroinflammation appeared to be related to the down-regulation of NLRP3/cleaved caspase-1 signaling pathway. The current findings provide new insights into the activity and molecular mechanisms of Chr-A for the treatment of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (M.L.); (S.-S.Z.); (D.-N.L.); (Y.-L.Y.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (M.L.); (S.-S.Z.); (D.-N.L.); (Y.-L.Y.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Dong-Ni Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (M.L.); (S.-S.Z.); (D.-N.L.); (Y.-L.Y.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ying-Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (M.L.); (S.-S.Z.); (D.-N.L.); (Y.-L.Y.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yue-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (M.L.); (S.-S.Z.); (D.-N.L.); (Y.-L.Y.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.W.); (G.-H.D.)
| | - Guan-Hua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (M.L.); (S.-S.Z.); (D.-N.L.); (Y.-L.Y.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and New Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.W.); (G.-H.D.)
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30
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Reddy CR, Patil AD. Iodo- and Chalcogenoannulation of Morita-Baylis-Hillman Alcohols of Propiolaldehydes: Entry to Functionalized 2-Pyrones. Org Lett 2021; 23:4749-4753. [PMID: 34085835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
An efficient intramolecular annulation of Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) alcohols of propiolaldehydes is developed in the presence of ICl or PhSeSePh/PhSSPh-CuCl2. This cyclization offers access to a wide variety of iodinated or chalcogenated 3-(chloromethyl)-2-pyrones in good yields. The chloromethyl group of the obtained 2-pyrones has been easily converted to introduce other handy functionalities, which allowed for further transformations to synthesize diverse 2-pyrone containing molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chada Raji Reddy
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Amol D Patil
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqi Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Fan Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xiaoguang Lei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University Beijing 100871 China
- Peking‐Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University Beijing 100871 China
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32
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Zhu C, Ang NWJ, Meyer TH, Qiu Y, Ackermann L. Organic Electrochemistry: Molecular Syntheses with Potential. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:415-431. [PMID: 33791425 PMCID: PMC8006177 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and selective molecular syntheses are paramount to inter alia biomolecular chemistry and material sciences as well as for practitioners in chemical, agrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries. Organic electrosynthesis has undergone a considerable renaissance and has thus in recent years emerged as an increasingly viable platform for the sustainable molecular assembly. In stark contrast to early strategies by innate reactivity, electrochemistry was recently merged with modern concepts of organic synthesis, such as transition-metal-catalyzed transformations for inter alia C-H functionalization and asymmetric catalysis. Herein, we highlight the unique potential of organic electrosynthesis for sustainable synthesis and catalysis, showcasing key aspects of exceptional selectivities, the synergism with photocatalysis, or dual electrocatalysis, and novel mechanisms in metallaelectrocatalysis until February of 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiju Zhu
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nate W. J. Ang
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tjark H. Meyer
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Woehler
Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Youai Qiu
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Woehler
Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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33
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Atanasov AG, Zotchev SB, Dirsch VM, Supuran CT. Natural products in drug discovery: advances and opportunities. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 20:200-216. [PMID: 33510482 PMCID: PMC7841765 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-020-00114-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1660] [Impact Index Per Article: 553.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural products and their structural analogues have historically made a major contribution to pharmacotherapy, especially for cancer and infectious diseases. Nevertheless, natural products also present challenges for drug discovery, such as technical barriers to screening, isolation, characterization and optimization, which contributed to a decline in their pursuit by the pharmaceutical industry from the 1990s onwards. In recent years, several technological and scientific developments - including improved analytical tools, genome mining and engineering strategies, and microbial culturing advances - are addressing such challenges and opening up new opportunities. Consequently, interest in natural products as drug leads is being revitalized, particularly for tackling antimicrobial resistance. Here, we summarize recent technological developments that are enabling natural product-based drug discovery, highlight selected applications and discuss key opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanas G Atanasov
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Sergey B Zotchev
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena M Dirsch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Dept, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Florence, Italy.
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34
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Hao X, Huang L, Zhao C, Chen S, Lin W, Lin Y, Zhang L, Sun A, Miao C, Lin X, Chen M, Weng S. Antibacterial activity of positively charged carbon quantum dots without detectable resistance for wound healing with mixed bacteria infection. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 123:111971. [PMID: 33812599 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.111971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Widespread bacterial infection and the spread of antibiotic resistance exhibit increasing threat to the public and thus require new antibacterial strategies. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have been extensively investigated to play fluorescent, catalytic roles and even potential biomedical functions containing sterilization. However, synthetic understanding of the interaction of CQDs and bacteria, the exhibition of antibacterial ability, and the risk of resistance evolution remain lacking. Herein, a simple one-pot method was fabricated to prepare positively charged CQDs (PC-CQDs) as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent. PC-CQDs possessed effective antibacterial activity against all tested Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and drug-resistant bacteria. Investigation of the antibacterial mechanism of PC-CQDs indicated that small-sized PC-CQDs functionalized with -NH2 and -NH induced strong adherence behavior on the bacterial cell membrane. Moreover, the entry of PC-CQDs caused conformational changes in the genes and generation of reactive oxygen species in the bacteria. Safety evaluation illustrated that PC-CQDs did not trigger detectable drug resistance or hemolysis. Furthermore, PC-CQDs effectively promoted the antibacterial treatment of mixed Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli infected wound in rats with low in vivo toxicity. These results suggested that PC-CQDs are a potential antibacterial candidate for real wound healing applications in complex bacterial infections and even resistant bacteria-caused infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Hao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Lingling Huang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Chengfei Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Sining Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Wanjing Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Yinning Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - An'an Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Chenfang Miao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Xinhua Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
| | - Shaohuang Weng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
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35
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Zhuang Z, Herron AN, Liu S, Yu JQ. Rapid Construction of Tetralin, Chromane, and Indane Motifs via Cyclative C-H/C-H Coupling: Four-Step Total Synthesis of (±)-Russujaponol F. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:687-692. [PMID: 33395528 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of practical C-H/C-H coupling reactions remains a challenging yet appealing synthetic venture because it circumvents the need to prefunctionalize both coupling partners for the generation of C-C bonds. Herein we report a cyclative C(sp3)-H/C(sp2)-H coupling reaction of free aliphatic acids enabled by a cyclopentane-based mono-N-protected β-amino acid ligand. This reaction uses inexpensive sodium percarbonate (Na2CO3·1.5H2O2) as the sole oxidant and generates water as the only byproduct. A range of biologically important scaffolds, including tetralins, chromanes, and indanes, can be easily prepared by this protocol. Finally, the synthetic application of this methodology is demonstrated by the concise total synthesis of (±)-russujaponol F in a four-step sequence starting from readily available phenylacetic acid and pivalic acid through sequential functionalizations of four C-H bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Alastair N Herron
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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36
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Xu Y, Gao J, Wang C, Ma Y, Zhou J, Wu G. Copper-catalyzed thioamination of maleimides with diethylphosphorodithioate and amines. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00346a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The first copper-catalyzed oxidative aminophosphorothiolation of maleimides with secondary alkylamines and diethylphosphorodithioate has been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325035
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jieyi Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325035
- People's Republic of China
| | - Caihong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325035
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfei Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325035
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325035
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325035
- People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
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Meyer TH, Samanta RC, Del Vecchio A, Ackermann L. Mangana(iii/iv)electro-catalyzed C(sp 3)-H azidation. Chem Sci 2020; 12:2890-2897. [PMID: 34164055 PMCID: PMC8179422 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05924b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Manganaelectro-catalyzed azidation of otherwise inert C(sp3)-H bonds was accomplished using most user-friendly sodium azide as the nitrogen-source. The operationally simple, resource-economic C-H azidation strategy was characterized by mild reaction conditions, no directing group, traceless electrons as the sole redox-reagent, Earth-abundant manganese as the catalyst, high functional-group compatibility and high chemoselectivity, setting the stage for late-stage azidation of bioactive compounds. Detailed mechanistic studies by experiment, spectrophotometry and cyclic voltammetry provided strong support for metal-catalyzed aliphatic radical formation, along with subsequent azidyl radical transfer within a manganese(iii/iv) manifold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjark H Meyer
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany.,Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Ramesh C Samanta
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany.,Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Antonio Del Vecchio
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany.,Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
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Liu W, Hong B, Wang J, Lei X. New Strategies in the Efficient Total Syntheses of Polycyclic Natural Products. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:2569-2586. [PMID: 33136373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic natural products are an inexhaustible source of medicinal agents, and their complex molecular architecture renders challenging synthetic targets where innovative and effective approaches for their rapid construction are urgently required. The total synthesis of polycyclic natural products has witnessed exponential progression along with the emergence of new synthetic strategies and concepts, such as sequential C-H functionalizations, radical-based transformations, and functional group pairing strategies. Our group exerts continued interest in the construction of bioactive and structurally complex natural products as well as evaluation of the mode of action of these molecules. In this Account, we will showcase how these new synthetic strategies are employed and guide our total synthesis endeavors.During the last two decades, a series of remarkable advances in C-H functionalization have led to the emergence of many new approaches to directly functionalize C-H bonds into useful functional groups. These selective transformations have provided a great opportunity for the step- and atom-economical construction of key fragments in complex molecule synthesis. We recently furnished the total syntheses for polycyclic natural products: incarviatone A, chrysomycin A, polycarcin V, and gilvocarcin V by employing a multiple C-H bond functionalization strategy. The polysubstituted benzene or naphthalene skeleton was constructed through sequential and site-selective C-H functionalizations from readily available simple starting materials, which reduced the number of steps and streamlined synthesis.Recently, we have also completed the total syntheses for a number of skeletally diverse tetracyclic Isodon diterpenoids inspired by their biogenesis and radical-based retrosynthetic disconnections. Radical transformations are strategically and tactically utilized in our syntheses, and radical-based reactions, including organo-SOMO catalysis, Birch reduction, regioselective 1,6-dienyne reductive cyclization, visible-light-mediated Schenck ene reaction, and photoradical-mediated late-stage skeletal rearrangement, play significant roles in our synthetic endeavors. Protecting-group-free and scalable syntheses are also built into our work to achieve the "ideal" synthesis. Furthermore, our synthetic work reveals that late-stage skeletal rearrangement through a photo radical process is possible in a biological setting in complement with nature's carbocation chemistry in complex natural product biosynthesis.Lycopodium alkaloids are a large family of structurally unique polycyclic natural products with impressive biological activities. Owing to their fascinating polycyclic architectures and diverse biological activities, these alkaloids have continued to serve as targets as well as inspirations for the synthetic community for decades. To access these bioactive natural products or natural product-like molecules for biological exploration and drug discovery, we applied a novel functional group pairing strategy to furnish the total syntheses for several Lycopodium alkaloids and obtained numerous skeletally diverse compounds with structural complexity comparable to natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and Department of Chemical Biology, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Benke Hong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and Department of Chemical Biology, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and Department of Chemical Biology, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoguang Lei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and Department of Chemical Biology, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Herzon SB. New Leads for the Treatment of Multidrug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:833-835. [PMID: 32607429 PMCID: PMC7318060 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
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