1
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Yang H, Edberg J, Say MG, Erlandsson J, Gueskine V, Wågberg L, Berggren M, Engquist I. Study on the Rectification of Ionic Diode Based on Cross-Linked Nanocellulose Bipolar Membranes. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1933-1941. [PMID: 38324476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Nanocellulose-based membranes have attracted intense attention in bioelectronic devices due to their low cost, flexibility, biocompatibility, degradability, and sustainability. Herein, we demonstrate a flexible ionic diode using a cross-linked bipolar membrane fabricated from positively and negatively charged cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). The rectified current originates from the asymmetric charge distribution, which can selectively determine the direction of ion transport inside the bipolar membrane. The mechanism of rectification was demonstrated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy with voltage biases. The rectifying behavior of this kind of ionic diode was studied by using linear sweep voltammetry to obtain current-voltage characteristics and the time dependence of the current. In addition, the performance of cross-linked CNF diodes was investigated while changing parameters such as the thickness of the bipolar membranes, the scanning voltage range, and the scanning rate. A good long-term stability due to the high density cross-linking of the diode was shown in both current-voltage characteristics and the time dependence of current.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping SE-601 74, Sweden
| | - Jesper Edberg
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Digital Systems, Smart Hardware, Bio-, Organic and Printed Electronics, Norrköping 60233, Sweden
| | - Mehmet Girayhan Say
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping SE-601 74, Sweden
| | - Johan Erlandsson
- Division of Fibre Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Viktor Gueskine
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping SE-601 74, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Centre, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping SE-601 74, Sweden
| | - Lars Wågberg
- Division of Fibre Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Centre, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Magnus Berggren
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping SE-601 74, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Centre, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping SE-601 74, Sweden
| | - Isak Engquist
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping SE-601 74, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Centre, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping SE-601 74, Sweden
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2
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Niazov-Elkan A, Shepelenko M, Alus L, Kazes M, Houben L, Rechav K, Leitus G, Kossoy A, Feldman Y, Kronik L, Vekilov PG, Oron D. Surface-Guided Crystallization of Xanthine Derivatives for Optical Metamaterial Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306996. [PMID: 38031346 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Numerous bio-organisms employ template-assisted crystallization of molecular solids to yield crystal morphologies with unique optical properties that are difficult to reproduce synthetically. Here, a facile procedure is presented to deposit bio-inspired birefringent crystals of xanthine derivatives on a template of single-crystal quartz. Crystalline sheets that are several millimeters in length, several hundred micrometers in width, and 300-600 nm thick, are obtained. The crystal sheets are characterized with a well-defined orientation both in and out of the substrate plane, giving rise to high optical anisotropy in the plane parallel to the quartz surface, with a refractive index difference Δn ≈ 0.25 and a refractive index along the slow axis of n ≈ 1.7. It is further shown that patterning of the crystalline stripes with a tailored periodic grating leads to a thin organic polarization-dependent diffractive meta-surface, opening the door to the fabrication of various optical devices from a platform of small-molecule based organic dielectric crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Niazov-Elkan
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, 4226 Martin Luther King Blvd, Houston, TX, 77204-4004, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd., Houston, TX, 77204-5003, USA
| | - Margarita Shepelenko
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Lotem Alus
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Miri Kazes
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Lothar Houben
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Katya Rechav
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Gregory Leitus
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Anna Kossoy
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Yishay Feldman
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Leeor Kronik
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Peter G Vekilov
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, 4226 Martin Luther King Blvd, Houston, TX, 77204-4004, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Blvd., Houston, TX, 77204-5003, USA
| | - Dan Oron
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
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3
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Liu D, Wang S, Zhang J, Zeng J, Han M, Yao Y, Xu JB, Zeng X, Sun R. Organic Conjugated Small Molecules with High Thermal Conductivity as an Effective Coupling Layer for Heat Transfer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:54818-54828. [PMID: 37964738 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
As the features of electronics are miniaturized, the need for interfacial thermal coupling layers to enhance their thermal transfer efficiency and improve device performance becomes critical. Organic conjugated small molecules possess a unique combination of periodic crystal structures and conjugated units with π electrons, resulting in notable thermal conductivities and molecular structure orientation that facilitates directed heat transfer. Nevertheless, there is a noticeable gap in literatures regarding the thermal properties of organic conjugated small molecules and their potential applications in nanoscale thermal management. Herein, we report the fabrication of high-quality thin films of organic conjugated small molecules. The result reveals that the 2D organic conjugated small molecule thin films exhibit a high cross-plane thermal conductivity of 3.2 W/m K. The increased thermal conductivity is attributed to the well-organized lattice structure and existence of π-electrons induced by conjugated systems. The studied conjugated small molecules engage in π-π stacking interactions with carbon materials and efficiently exchange energy with electrons in metals, promoting rapid interfacial heat transfer. These molecules act as coupling layers, significantly enhancing thermal transfer efficiency between graphite-based thermal pads and copper heat sinks. This pioneering research represents the inaugural investigation of the thermal performance of conjugated organic small molecules. These findings highlight the potential of conjugated small molecules as thermal coupling layers, offering tunable combinations of desirable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoqing Liu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 166 Renai Road, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Shuting Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 166 Renai Road, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Jianhui Zeng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Metal Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Meng Han
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yimin Yao
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jian-Bin Xu
- Department of Electronics Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiaoliang Zeng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Rong Sun
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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4
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Gong H, Lin J, Sun H. Nanocrystal Array Engineering and Optoelectronic Applications of Organic Small-Molecule Semiconductors. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2087. [PMID: 37513098 PMCID: PMC10386679 DOI: 10.3390/nano13142087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Organic small-molecule semiconductor materials have attracted extensive attention because of their excellent properties. Due to the randomness of crystal orientation and growth location, however, the preparation of continuous and highly ordered organic small-molecule semiconductor nanocrystal arrays still face more challenges. Compared to organic macromolecules, organic small molecules exhibit better crystallinity, and therefore, they exhibit better semiconductor performance. The formation of organic small-molecule crystals relies heavily on weak interactions such as hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, and π-π interactions, which are very sensitive to external stimuli such as mechanical forces, high temperatures, and organic solvents. Therefore, nanocrystal array engineering is more flexible than that of the inorganic materials. In addition, nanocrystal array engineering is a key step towards practical application. To resolve this problem, many conventional nanocrystal array preparation methods have been developed, such as spin coating, etc. In this review, the typical and recent progress of nanocrystal array engineering are summarized. It is the typical and recent innovations that the array of nanocrystal array engineering can be patterned on the substrate through top-down, bottom-up, self-assembly, and crystallization methods, and it can also be patterned by constructing a series of microscopic structures. Finally, various multifunctional and emerging applications based on organic small-molecule semiconductor nanocrystal arrays are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Gong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jinyi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Huibin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
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5
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Zhang H, Lin DQ, Wang YC, Li ZX, Hu S, Huang L, Zhang XW, Jin D, Sheng CX, Xu CX, Xie LH. Hierarchical Nanoarchitectonics of Ultrathin 2D Organic Nanosheets for Aqueous Processed Electroluminescent Devices. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2208174. [PMID: 37026668 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202208174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Ultrathin 2D organic nanosheets (2DONs) with high mobility have received tremendous attention due to thickness of few molecular layers. However, ultrathin 2DONs with high luminescence efficiency and flexibility simultaneously are rarely reported. Here, the ultrathin 2DONs (thickness: 19 nm) through the modulation of tighter molecular packing (distance: ≈3.31 Å) achievable from the incorporation of methoxyl and dipenylamine (DPA) groups into 3D spirofluorenexanthene (SFX) building blocks is successfully prepared. Even with closer molecular stacking, ultrathin 2DONs still enable the suppression of aggregation quenching to exhibit higher quantum yields of blue emission (ΦF = 48%) than that on amorphous film (ΦF = 20%), and show amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) with a mediate threshold (332 mW cm-2 ). Further, through drop-casting method, the ultrathin 2DONs are self-organized into large-scale flexible 2DONs films (1.5 × 1.5 cm) with the low hardness (H: 0.008 Gpa) and low Young's modulus (Er : 0.63 Gpa). Impressively, the large-scale 2DONs film can realize electroluminescence performances with a maximum luminance (445 cd m-2 ) and low turn on voltage (3.7 V). These ultrathin 2DONs provide a new avenue for the realization of flexible electrically pumping lasers and intelligent quantum tunneling systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Dong-Qing Lin
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yang-Cheng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhu-Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Shu Hu
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xin-Wen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Dong Jin
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chuan-Xiang Sheng
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Chun-Xiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Ling-Hai Xie
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
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6
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Yu SH, Hassan SZ, So C, Kang M, Chung DS. Molecular-Switch-Embedded Solution-Processed Semiconductors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2203401. [PMID: 35929102 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent improvements in the performance of solution-processed semiconductor materials and optoelectronic devices have shifted research interest to the diversification/advancement of their functionality. Embedding a molecular switch capable of transition between two or more metastable isomers by light stimuli is one of the most straightforward and widely accepted methods to potentially realize the multifunctionality of optoelectronic devices. A molecular switch embedded in a semiconductor can effectively control various parameters such as trap-level, dielectric constant, electrical resistance, charge mobility, and charge polarity, which can be utilized in photoprogrammable devices including transistors, memory, and diodes. This review classifies the mechanism of each optoelectronic transition driven by molecular switches regardless of the type of semiconductor material or molecular switch or device. In addition, the basic characteristics of molecular switches and the persisting technical/scientific issues corresponding to each mechanism are discussed to help researchers. Finally, interesting yet infrequently reported applications of molecular switches and their mechanisms are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Hoon Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Syed Zahid Hassan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan So
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyun Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sung Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
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7
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Zhang Y, Qiu Y, Li X, Guo Y, Cao S, Gao H, Wu Y, Jiang L. Organic Single-Crystalline Microwire Arrays toward High-Performance Flexible Near-Infrared Phototransistors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203429. [PMID: 36084233 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flexible organic near-infrared (NIR) phototransistors hold promising prospects for potential applications such as noninvasive bioimaging, health monitoring, and biometric authentication. For integrated circuits of high-performance devices, organic single-crystalline micro-/nanostructures with precise positioning are prominently anticipated. However, the manufacturing of organic single-crystalline arrays remains a conundrum due to difficulties encountered in patterning arrays of dewetting processes at micron-scale confined space and modulating the dewetting dynamics. Herein, we utilize a capillary-bridge lithography strategy to fabricate organic 1D arrays with high quality, homogeneous size, and deterministic location toward high-performance flexible organic NIR phototransistors. Regular micro-liquid stripes and unidirectional dewetting are synchronously achieved by adapting micropillar templates with asymmetric wettability. As a result, high-throughput 1D arrays based organic field-effect transistors exhibit high electron mobility up to 9.82 cm2 V-1 s-1 . Impressively, flexible NIR phototransistors also show outstanding photoelectronic performances with a photosensitivity of 9.87 × 105 , a responsivity of 1.79 × 104 A W-1 , and a specific detectivity of 3.92 × 1014 Jones. This work paves a novel way to pattern high-throughput organic single-crystalline microarrays toward flexible NIR organic optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Qiu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Li
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Yangwu Guo
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Shiqi Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics of TCM Clinical Unit, the Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Hanfei Gao
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528200, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528200, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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8
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Fu B, Yang F, Sun L, Zhao Q, Ji D, Sun Y, Zhang X, Hu W. Challenging Bendable Organic Single Crystal and Transistor Arrays with High Mobility and Durability toward Flexible Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2203330. [PMID: 35916258 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bendable organic single crystals are promising candidates for flexible electronics owing to their superior charge-transport properties. However, large-area high-quality organic single crystals are rarely available on the polymer substrates generally used in flexible electronics. Here, a surface-assisted assembly strategy based on a polymer modification, poly(amic acid) (PAA), is developed to grow large-area organic singe crystals on polymer substrates using a simple drop-casting method. The unique surface properties of PAA that enable molecular solution superwetting and promote molecular ordered assembly produce an extraordinary self-driven "meniscus-guided coating" behavior, enabling the fabrication of millimeter-sized, highly aligned organic single crystals for a variety of organic semiconductors. Organic field-effect transistors based on a mode molecule of 2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene demonstrate the highest (average) mobility of 18.6 cm2 V-1 s-1 (15.9 cm2 V-1 s-1 ), attractively low operating voltage of -3 V, and high flexible durability. The results shed light on the large-area fabrication of organic single crystals on polymer dielectrics toward high-performance and integrated plastic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Fu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Fangxu Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Lingjie Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, P. R. China
| | - Deyang Ji
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yajing Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotao Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, P. R. China
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9
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Bai L, Wang N, Li Y. Controlled Growth and Self-Assembly of Multiscale Organic Semiconductor. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2102811. [PMID: 34486181 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Currently, organic semiconductors (OSs) are widely used as active components in practical devices related to energy storage and conversion, optoelectronics, catalysis, and biological sensors, etc. To satisfy the actual requirements of different types of devices, chemical structure design and self-assembly process control have been synergistically performed. The morphology and other basic properties of multiscale OS components are governed on a broad scale from nanometers to macroscopic micrometers. Herein, the up-to-date design strategies for fabricating multiscale OSs are comprehensively reviewed. Related representative works are introduced, applications in practical devices are discussed, and future research directions are presented. Design strategies combining the advances in organic synthetic chemistry and supramolecular assembly technology perform an integral role in the development of a new generation of multiscale OSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Bai
- Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, No. 27 # Shanda South Street, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, No. 27 # Shanda South Street, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yuliang Li
- Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, No. 27 # Shanda South Street, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2 # Zhongguancun North First Street, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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10
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Kwon HJ, Tang X, Kim S, Li Z, Wang R, Park BH, Kim C, Kim S, Hong J, Ryu KY, Choi HH, An TK, Lee J, Kim SH. Molecular Engineering of Printed Semiconducting Blends to Develop Organic Integrated Circuits: Crystallization, Charge Transport, and Device Application Analyses. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:23678-23691. [PMID: 35544719 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Solution-based printing has contributed to the facile deposition of various types of materials, including the building blocks of printed electronics. In particular, solution-processable organic semiconductors (OSCs) are regarded as one of the most fascinating candidates for the fabrication of printed electronics. Herein, we report electrohydrodynamic (EHD) jet-printed p- and n-type OSCs, namely 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)pentacene (TIPS-PEN) and 6,13-bis((triisopropylsilyl)ethynyl)-5,7,12,14-tetraazapentacene (TIPS-TAP), and their use as single-OSC layers and as OSC mixed p-n layers to fabricate solution-processed p-, n-, and ambipolar-type organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Use of the dragging mode of EHD jet printing, a process driven under a low electrostatic field with a short nozzle-to-substrate distance, was found to provide favorable conditions for growth of TIPS-PEN and TIPS-TAP crystals. In this way, the similar molecular structures of TIPS-PEN and TIPS-TAP yielded a homogeneous solid solution and showed ambipolar transport properties in OFETs. Therefore, the combination of single- and mixed-OSC layers enabled the preparation of various charge-transported devices from unit to integrated devices (NOT, NAND, NOR, and multivalued logic). Therefore, this fabrication technology can be useful for assisting in the production of OSC layers for practical applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeok-Jin Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Xiaowu Tang
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
| | - Seonghyeon Kim
- Department of IT·Energy Convergence (BK21 Four), Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhijun Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Rixuan Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Ho Park
- EMNI Co., Ltd., 14, Seocheon-ro 201beon-gil, Yongin 17111, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheulhwan Kim
- Department of IT·Energy Convergence (BK21 Four), Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Kim
- Department of IT·Energy Convergence (BK21 Four), Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Hong
- Research Institute for Green Energy Convergence Techonology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Ka Yeon Ryu
- Research Institute for Green Energy Convergence Techonology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ho Choi
- Research Institute for Green Energy Convergence Techonology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Tae Kyu An
- Department of IT·Energy Convergence (BK21 Four), Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
- Chemical Industry Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Lee
- Department of IT·Energy Convergence (BK21 Four), Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
- Chemical Industry Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hyun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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11
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Zeb J, Ran G, Denis PA, Ghani U, Liu J, Yuan Q, Ullah R, Zhu H, Zhang W. Ultrafast dynamics of the liquid deposited blend film of porphyrin donor and perylene diimide acceptor. Chem Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2022.111547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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12
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Zhang H, Jin D, Lin D, Huang L, Wang J, Wang S, Xie L. Self‐assembly into Polymorphic
2D
Nanosheets with
Crystallization‐Induced
Emission Enhancement. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- He Zhang
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Dong Jin
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Dongqing Lin
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Lei Huang
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Jin Wang
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Shasha Wang
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Linghai Xie
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
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13
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Kim J, Jo C, Kim MG, Park GS, Marks TJ, Facchetti A, Park SK. Vertically Stacked Full Color Quantum Dots Phototransistor Arrays for High-Resolution and Enhanced Color-Selective Imaging. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2106215. [PMID: 34632653 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Color-selective multifunctional and multiplexed photodetectors have attracted considerable interest with the increasing demand for color filter-free optoelectronics which can simultaneously process multispectral signal via minimized system complexity. The low efficiency of color-filter technology and conventional laterally pixelated photodetector array structures often limit opportunities for widespread realization of high-density photodetectors. Here, low-temperature solution-processed vertically stacked full color quantum dot (QD) phototransistor arrays are developed on plastic substrates for high-resolution color-selective photosensor applications. Particularly, the three different-sized/color (RGB) QDs are vertically stacked and pixelated via direct photopatterning using a unique chelating chalcometallate ligand functioning both as solubilizing component and, after photoexposure, a semiconducting cement creating robust, insoluble, and charge-efficient QD layers localized in the a-IGZO transistor region, resulting in efficient wavelength-dependent photo-induced charge transfer. Thus, high-resolution vertically stacked full color QD photodetector arrays are successfully implemented with the density of 5500 devices cm-2 on ultrathin flexible polymeric substrates with highly photosensitive characteristics such as photoresponsivity (1.1 × 104 AW-1 ) and photodetectivity (1.1 × 1018 Jones) as well as wide dynamic ranges (>150 dB).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Chanho Jo
- Displays and Devices Research Lab. School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Gil Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong-Su Park
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Flexterra Corporation, 8025 Lamon Avenue, Skokie, IL, 60077, USA
| | - Sung Kyu Park
- Displays and Devices Research Lab. School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
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14
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Kuimov AD, Becker CS, Sonina AA, Kazantsev MS. Host–guest molecular doping guide for emissive organic semiconductor crystals. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03916h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Host–guest molecular compatibility criteria for the doping of conjugated highly emissive semiconductor crystals were revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly D. Kuimov
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 630090, Lavrentieva 9, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Christina S. Becker
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 630090, Lavrentieva 9, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alina A. Sonina
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 630090, Lavrentieva 9, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 630090, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maxim S. Kazantsev
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 630090, Lavrentieva 9, Novosibirsk, Russia
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15
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Li YX, Dong XM, Yu MN, Liu W, Nie YJ, Zhang J, Xie LH, Xu CX, Liu JQ, Huang W. A Bio-Inspired Molecular Design Strategy toward 2D Organic Semiconductor Crystals with Superior Integrated Optoelectronic Properties. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2102060. [PMID: 34288427 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202102060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the 2D bilayer lipid membranes in nature, a unique supramolecular "push-pull" synergetic strategy toward self-assembled 2D organic crystals (2DOCs) is proposed in this work, which can effectively suppress the interlayer 3D stacking while maintaining the assembly of the intralayer for 2D growth. For this purpose, a model molecule PF-Py consisting of a planar supramolecular "attractor" and a nonplanar steric "repellor" is designed for the solution self-assembly process. Well-defined 2DOCs including crystal nanosheets and millimeter-sized crystal films with layered amphiphile-like packing are obtained, which is analogical to the cell membranes of living organisms. Thanks to the special packing mode, the 2DOCs have fascinating integrated photoelectric property, with high mobility of 7.8 × 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1 , high crystalline state photoluminescence quantum yield of 55%, and superior deep-blue laser characteristics with a low threshold of 5.51 µJ cm-2 . This supramolecular synergetic strategy advances the design of 2D organic semiconductor crystals for high performance optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Mei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Na Yu
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Jie Nie
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ling-Hai Xie
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chun-Xiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Ju-Qing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
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16
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Liu K, Huang K, Lv A, Ye W, Yang Y, Shen K, Zhi J, Wang H, Zhang R, Wang J, Ma H, Shi H, Yao W, An Z, Huang W. Tunable microstructures of ultralong organic phosphorescence materials. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7276-7279. [PMID: 34196639 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01563j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three kinds of microstructures were prepared for one organic phosphor based on a solution-concentration-controlled self-assembly strategy. These microstructures show different phosphorescence efficiencies, which holds considerable promise for the miniaturized optical device applications of ultralong organic phosphorescence materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
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17
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Postnikov VA, Kulishov AA, Lyasnikova MS, Yurasik GA, Stepko AS, Lebedev-Stepanov PV, Borshchev OV. p-Quaterphenyl Crystals: Surface Properties and Nucleation in Solution and Vapor Phase. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024421070220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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18
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Zhang L, Tian X, Sun Y, Yao J, Yang S, Liu Z, Ge Z, Zhang H, Sun Y, Shao X, Li R, Hu W. Bandgap Engineering of an Aryl-Fused Tetrathianaphthalene for Visible-Blind Organic Field-Effect Transistors. Front Chem 2021; 9:698246. [PMID: 34124011 PMCID: PMC8193678 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.698246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Stability problem of organic semiconductors (OSCs) because of photoabsorption has become a major barrier to large scale applications in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). It is imperative to design OSCs which are insensitive to visible and near-infrared (VNIR) light to obtain both environmental and operational stability. Herein, taking a 2,3,8,9-tetramethoxy [1,4]benzodithiino[2,3-b][1,4]benzodithiine (TTN2) as an example, we show that controlling molecular configuration is an effective strategy to tune the bandgaps of OSCs for visible-blind OFETs. TTN2 adopts an armchair-like configuration, which is different from the prevailing planar structure of common OSCs. Because of the large bandgap, TTN2 exhibits no photoabsorption in the VNIR region and OFETs based on TTN2 show high environmental stability. The devices worked well after being stored in ambient air, (i.e. in the presence of oxygen and water) and light for over two years. Moreover, the OFETs show no observable response to light irradiation from 405–1,020 nm, which is also favorable for high operational stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinzi Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, China
| | - Yantao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiarong Yao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuyuan Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, China
| | - Zheyuan Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen Ge
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, the Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, the Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rongjin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou, China
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19
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Debata S, Sahoo SR, Khatua R, Sahu S. Rational design and crystal structure prediction of ring-fused double-PDI compounds as n-channel organic semiconductors: a DFT study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:12329-12339. [PMID: 34019042 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00008j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we present an effective molecular design strategy to develop the n-type charge transport characteristics in organic semiconductors, using ring-fused double perylene diimides (DPDIs) as the model compounds. These dimeric-PDIs are formed by joining two separate PDI-units along their bay positions through ring fusion with pyrene, coronene and their N-doped counterparts. The bridging type has a significant steric effect at the annulation positions and controls the molecular geometry, mostly imposing buckling in the structure. The crystal structures of the designed compounds are also theoretically predicted. Thereafter, electronic structure parameters, molecular packing motifs, charge coupling strength and anisotropic mobilities were investigated to understand the charge transport efficiency of these systems. Among all the studied molecules, the 4N-coronene-fused DPDI (DPDI-6) is found to possess a lower LUMO level and a high EA, suggesting air-stable electron injection. Besides, DPDI-6 shows strong intermolecular electron coupling and possesses high electron mobility (μe = 5.31 × 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1), which is better as compared with the other DPDI-compounds reported here. The DPDIs also possess optical absorption in the UV-visible region, opening up possible applications in organic photovoltaics. Besides, from the non-linear optical (NLO) analysis, DPDI-3 is found to possess the highest first-order hyperpolarizability, which is even better as compared with the reference compound urea, making it a promising candidate for NLO applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryakanti Debata
- High Performance Computing lab, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India.
| | - Smruti R Sahoo
- High Performance Computing lab, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India.
| | - Rudranarayan Khatua
- High Performance Computing lab, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India.
| | - Sridhar Sahu
- High Performance Computing lab, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India.
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20
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Kolaczkowski MA, Garzón-Ruiz A, Patel A, Zhao Z, Guo Y, Navarro A, Liu Y. Design and Synthesis of Annulated Benzothiadiazoles via Dithiolate Formation for Ambipolar Organic Semiconductors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:53328-53341. [PMID: 33170629 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Substituted 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BTD) is a widely used electron acceptor unit for functional organic semiconductors. Difluorination or annulation on the 5,6-position of the benzene ring is among the most adapted chemical modifications to tune the electronic properties, though each sees its own limitations in regulating the frontier orbital levels. Herein, a hitherto unreported 5,6-annulated BTD acceptor, denoted as ssBTD, is designed and synthesized by incorporating an electron-withdrawing 2-(1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)malononitrile moiety via aromatic nucleophilic substitution of the 5,6-difluoroBTD (ffBTD) precursor. Unlike the other reported BTD annulation strategies, this modification leads to the simultaneous decrease in both frontier orbital energies, a welcoming feature for photovoltaic applications. Incorporation of ssBTD into conjugated polymers results in materials boasting broad light absorption, dramatic solvatochromic and thermochromic responses (>100 nm shift and a band gap difference of ∼0.28 eV), and improved crystallinity in the solid state. Such physical properties are in accordance with the combined electron-withdrawing effect and significantly increased polarity associated with the ssBTD unit, as revealed by detailed theoretical studies. Furthermore, the thiolated ssBTD imbues the polymer with ambipolar charge transport property, in contrast to the ffBTD-based polymer, which transports holes only. While the low mobilities (10-4 to 10-5 cm2 V-1 s-1) could be further optimized, detailed studies validate that the thioannulated BTD is a versatile electron-accepting unit for the design of functional stimuli-responsive optoelectronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Kolaczkowski
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Andrés Garzón-Ruiz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cronista Francisco Ballesteros Gómez, Albacete 02071, Spain
| | - Akash Patel
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Zhiyuan Zhao
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yunlong Guo
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Amparo Navarro
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén 23071, Spain
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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