1
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Crooke AM, Chand AK, Cui Z, Balskus EP. Elucidation of Chalkophomycin Biosynthesis Reveals N-Hydroxypyrrole-Forming Enzymes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:16268-16280. [PMID: 38810110 PMCID: PMC11177257 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Reactive functional groups, such as N-nitrosamines, impart unique bioactivities to the natural products in which they are found. Recent work has illuminated enzymatic N-nitrosation reactions in microbial natural product biosynthesis, motivating interest in discovering additional metabolites constructed using such reactivity. Here, we use a genome mining approach to identify over 400 cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) encoding homologues of the N-nitrosating biosynthetic enzyme SznF, including the BGC for chalkophomycin, a CuII-binding metabolite that contains a C-type diazeniumdiolate and N-hydroxypyrrole. Characterizing chalkophomycin biosynthetic enzymes reveals previously unknown enzymes responsible for N-hydroxypyrrole biosynthesis, including the first prolyl-N-hydroxylase, and a key step in the assembly of the diazeniumdiolate-containing amino acid graminine. Discovery of this pathway enriches our understanding of the biosynthetic logic employed in constructing unusual heteroatom-heteroatom bond-containing functional groups, enabling future efforts in natural product discovery and biocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marie Crooke
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard
University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Anika K. Chand
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard
University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Zheng Cui
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard
University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Emily P. Balskus
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard
University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Howard
Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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2
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Li W, Cheng Z, Zhao Z, Li H, Liu Y, Lu X, Zhao G, Du YL. Discovery of a Bacterial Hydrazine Transferase That Constructs the N-Aminolactam Pharmacophore in Albofungin Biosynthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13399-13405. [PMID: 38698691 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Structural motifs containing nitrogen-nitrogen (N-N) bonds are prevalent in a large number of clinical drugs and bioactive natural products. Hydrazine (N2H4) serves as a widely utilized building block for the preparation of these N-N-containing molecules in organic synthesis. Despite its common use in chemical processes, no enzyme has been identified to catalyze the incorporation of free hydrazine in natural product biosynthesis. Here, we report that a hydrazine transferase catalyzes the condensation of N2H4 and an aromatic polyketide pathway intermediate, leading to the formation of a rare N-aminolactam pharmacophore in the biosynthesis of broad-spectrum antibiotic albofungin. These results expand the current knowledge on the biosynthetic mechanism for natural products with N-N units and should facilitate future development of biocatalysts for the production of N-N-containing chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Microbiology and Department of Pharmacy of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ziyang Cheng
- Department of Microbiology and Department of Pharmacy of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhijie Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Department of Pharmacy of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Microbiology and Department of Pharmacy of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xingyu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Instrumentation and Service Center for Molecular Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Guiyun Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Department of Pharmacy of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi-Ling Du
- Department of Microbiology and Department of Pharmacy of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
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3
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Matsuda K, Wakimoto T. Bacterial Hydrazine Biosynthetic Pathways Featuring Cupin/Methionyl tRNA Synthetase-like Enzymes. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300874. [PMID: 38458972 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen-Nitrogen (N-N) bond-containing functional groups in natural products and synthetic drugs play significant roles in exerting biological activities. The mechanisms of N-N bond formation in natural organic molecules have garnered increasing attention over the decades. Recent advances have illuminated various enzymatic and nonenzymatic strategies, and our understanding of natural N-N bond construction is rapidly expanding. A group of didomain proteins with zinc-binding cupin/methionyl-tRNA synthetase (MetRS)-like domains, also known as hydrazine synthetases, generates amino acid-based hydrazines, which serve as key biosynthetic precursors of diverse N-N bond-containing functionalities such as hydrazone, diazo, triazene, pyrazole, and pyridazinone groups. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on hydrazine synthetase mechanisms and the various pathways employing this unique bond-forming machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Matsuda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Wakimoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
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4
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Crooke AM, Chand AK, Cui Z, Balskus EP. Elucidation of chalkophomycin biosynthesis reveals N-hydroxypyrrole-forming enzymes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.24.577118. [PMID: 38328124 PMCID: PMC10849742 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.24.577118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Reactive functional groups, such as N-nitrosamines, impart unique bioactivities to the natural products in which they are found. Recent work has illuminated enzymatic N-nitrosation reactions in microbial natural product biosynthesis, motivating an interest in discovering additional metabolites constructed using such reactivity. Here, we use a genome mining approach to identify over 400 cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) encoding homologs of the N-nitrosating biosynthetic enzyme SznF, including the BGC for chalkophomycin, a CuII-binding metabolite that contains a C-type diazeniumdiolate and N-hydroxypyrrole. Characterizing chalkophomycin biosynthetic enzymes reveals previously unknown enzymes responsible for N-hydroxypyrrole biosynthesis, including the first prolyl-N-hydroxylase, and a key step in assembly of the diazeniumdiolate-containing amino acid graminine. Discovery of this pathway enriches our understanding of the biosynthetic logic employed in constructing unusual heteroatom-heteroatom bond-containing functional groups, enabling future efforts in natural product discovery and biocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marie Crooke
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Anika K. Chand
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Zheng Cui
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Emily P. Balskus
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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5
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Fang W, Luo ZW, Wang YC, Zhou W, Li L, Chen Y, Zhang X, Dai M, Dai JJ. S N2 Reaction at the Amide Nitrogen Center Enables Hydrazide Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317570. [PMID: 38366960 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Nucleophilic substitutions are fundamentally important transformations in synthetic organic chemistry. Despite the substantial advances in bimolecular nucleophilic substitutions (SN2) at saturated carbon centers, analogous SN2 reaction at the amide nitrogen atom remains extremely limited. Here we report an SN2 substitution method at the amide nitrogen atom with amine nucleophiles for nitrogen-nitrogen (N-N) bond formation that leads to a novel strategy toward biologically and medicinally important hydrazide derivatives. We found the use of sulfonate-leaving groups at the amide nitrogen atom played a pivotal role in the reaction. This new N-N coupling reaction allows the use of O-tosyl hydroxamates as electrophiles and readily available amines, including acyclic aliphatic amines and saturated N-heterocycles as nucleophiles. The reaction features mild conditions, broad substrate scope (>80 examples), excellent functional group tolerability, and scalability. The method is applicable to late-stage modification of various approved drug molecules, thus enabling complex hydrazide scaffold synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Fang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Luo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Ye-Cheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yimin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xiangke Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Mingji Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jian-Jun Dai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
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6
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Matsuda K, Nakahara Y, Choirunnisa AR, Arima K, Wakimoto T. Phylogeny-guided Characterization of Bacterial Hydrazine Biosynthesis Mediated by Cupin/methionyl tRNA Synthetase-like Enzymes. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300838. [PMID: 38403952 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Cupin/methionyl-tRNA synthetase (MetRS)-like didomain enzymes catalyze nitrogen-nitrogen (N-N) bond formation between Nω-hydroxylamines and amino acids to generate hydrazines, key biosynthetic intermediates of various natural products containing N-N bonds. While the combination of these two building blocks leads to the creation of diverse hydrazine products, the full extent of their structural diversity remains largely unknown. To explore this, we herein conducted phylogeny-guided genome-mining of related hydrazine biosynthetic pathways consisting of two enzymes: flavin-dependent Nω-hydroxylating monooxygenases (NMOs) that produce Nω-hydroxylamine precursors and cupin/MetRS-like enzymes that couple the Nω-hydroxylamines with amino acids via N-N bonds. A phylogenetic analysis identified the largely unexplored sequence spaces of these enzyme families. The biochemical characterization of NMOs demonstrated their capabilities to produce various Nω-hydroxylamines, including those previously not known as precursors of N-N bonds. Furthermore, the characterization of cupin/MetRS-like enzymes identified five new hydrazine products with novel combinations of building blocks, including one containing non-amino acid building blocks: 1,3-diaminopropane and putrescine. This study substantially expanded the variety of N-N bond forming pathways mediated by cupin/MetRS-like enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Matsuda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuto Nakahara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Atina Rizkiya Choirunnisa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Kuga Arima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Wakimoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
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7
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García-Gutiérrez C, Pérez-Victoria I, Montero I, Fernández-De la Hoz J, Malmierca MG, Martín J, Salas JA, Olano C, Reyes F, Méndez C. Unearthing a Cryptic Biosynthetic Gene Cluster for the Piperazic Acid-Bearing Depsipeptide Diperamycin in the Ant-Dweller Streptomyces sp. CS113. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2347. [PMID: 38397022 PMCID: PMC10888640 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Piperazic acid is a cyclic nonproteinogenic amino acid that contains a hydrazine N-N bond formed by a piperazate synthase (KtzT-like). This amino acid, found in bioactive natural products synthesized by non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs), confers conformational constraint to peptides, an important feature for their biological activities. Genome mining of Streptomyces strains has been revealed as a strategy to identify biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) for potentially active compounds. Moreover, the isolation of new strains from underexplored habitats or associated with other organisms has allowed to uncover new BGCs for unknown compounds. The in-house "Carlos Sialer (CS)" strain collection consists of seventy-one Streptomyces strains isolated from the cuticle of leaf-cutting ants of the tribe Attini. Genomes from twelve of these strains have been sequenced and mined using bioinformatics tools, highlighting their potential to encode secondary metabolites. In this work, we have screened in silico those genomes, using KtzT as a hook to identify BGCs encoding piperazic acid-containing compounds. This resulted in uncovering the new BGC dpn in Streptomyces sp. CS113, which encodes the biosynthesis of the hybrid polyketide-depsipeptide diperamycin. Analysis of the diperamycin polyketide synthase (PKS) and NRPS reveals their functional similarity to those from the aurantimycin A biosynthetic pathway. Experimental proof linking the dpn BGC to its encoded compound was achieved by determining the growth conditions for the expression of the cluster and by inactivating the NRPS encoding gene dpnS2 and the piperazate synthase gene dpnZ. The identity of diperamycin was confirmed by High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and by analysis of the domain composition of modules from the DpnP PKS and DpnS NRPS. The identification of the dpn BGC expands the number of BGCs that have been confirmed to encode the relatively scarcely represented BGCs for depsipeptides of the azinothricin family of compounds and will facilitate the generation of new-to-nature analogues by combinatorial biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coral García-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.-G.); (I.M.); (J.F.-D.l.H.); (M.G.M.); (J.A.S.); (C.O.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Pérez-Victoria
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.P.-V.); (J.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Ignacio Montero
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.-G.); (I.M.); (J.F.-D.l.H.); (M.G.M.); (J.A.S.); (C.O.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jorge Fernández-De la Hoz
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.-G.); (I.M.); (J.F.-D.l.H.); (M.G.M.); (J.A.S.); (C.O.)
| | - Mónica G. Malmierca
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.-G.); (I.M.); (J.F.-D.l.H.); (M.G.M.); (J.A.S.); (C.O.)
| | - Jesús Martín
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.P.-V.); (J.M.); (F.R.)
| | - José A. Salas
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.-G.); (I.M.); (J.F.-D.l.H.); (M.G.M.); (J.A.S.); (C.O.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlos Olano
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.-G.); (I.M.); (J.F.-D.l.H.); (M.G.M.); (J.A.S.); (C.O.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Fernando Reyes
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.P.-V.); (J.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Carmen Méndez
- Departamento de Biología Funcional e Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.-G.); (I.M.); (J.F.-D.l.H.); (M.G.M.); (J.A.S.); (C.O.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
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8
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Kawai S, Yamada A, Katsuyama Y, Ohnishi Y. Identification of the p-coumaric acid biosynthetic gene cluster in Kutzneria albida: insights into the diazotization-dependent deamination pathway. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:1-11. [PMID: 38213839 PMCID: PMC10777205 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, we identified the biosynthetic gene cluster of avenalumic acid (ava cluster) and revealed its entire biosynthetic pathway, resulting in the discovery of a diazotization-dependent deamination pathway. Genome database analysis revealed the presence of more than 100 ava cluster-related biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in actinomycetes; however, their functions remained unclear. In this study, we focused on an ava cluster-related BGC in Kutzneria albida (cma cluster), and revealed that it is responsible for p-coumaric acid biosynthesis by heterologous expression of the cma cluster and in vitro enzyme assays using recombinant Cma proteins. The ATP-dependent diazotase CmaA6 catalyzed the diazotization of both 3-aminocoumaric acid and 3-aminoavenalumic acid using nitrous acid in vitro. In addition, the high efficiency of the CmaA6 reaction enabled us to perform a kinetic analysis of AvaA7, which confirmed that AvaA7 catalyzes the denitrification of 3-diazoavenalumic acid in avenalumic acid biosynthesis. This study deepened our understanding of the highly reducing type II polyketide synthase system as well as the diazotization-dependent deamination pathway for the production of avenalumic acid or p-coumaric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Kawai
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Akito Yamada
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yohei Katsuyama
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ohnishi
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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9
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Salazar Marcano DE, Savić ND, Declerck K, Abdelhameed SAM, Parac-Vogt TN. Reactivity of metal-oxo clusters towards biomolecules: from discrete polyoxometalates to metal-organic frameworks. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:84-136. [PMID: 38015569 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00195d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Metal-oxo clusters hold great potential in several fields such as catalysis, materials science, energy storage, medicine, and biotechnology. These nanoclusters of transition metals with oxygen-based ligands have also shown promising reactivity towards several classes of biomolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, nucleotides, sugars, and lipids. This reactivity can be leveraged to address some of the most pressing challenges we face today, from fighting various diseases, such as cancer and viral infections, to the development of sustainable and environmentally friendly energy sources. For instance, metal-oxo clusters and related materials have been shown to be effective catalysts for biomass conversion into renewable fuels and platform chemicals. Furthermore, their reactivity towards biomolecules has also attracted interest in the development of inorganic drugs and bioanalytical tools. Additionally, the structural versatility of metal-oxo clusters allows for the efficiency and selectivity of the biomolecular reactions they promote to be readily tuned, thereby providing a pathway towards reaction optimization. The properties of the catalyst can also be improved through incorporation into solid supports or by linking metal-oxo clusters together to form Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), which have been demonstrated to be powerful heterogeneous catalysts. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive and critical analysis of the state of the art on biomolecular transformations promoted by metal-oxo clusters and their applications, with a particular focus on structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nada D Savić
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Kilian Declerck
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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10
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Shi J, Zang X, Zhao Z, Shen Z, Li W, Zhao G, Zhou J, Du YL. Conserved Enzymatic Cascade for Bacterial Azoxy Biosynthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27131-27139. [PMID: 38018127 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Azoxy compounds exhibit a wide array of biological activities and possess distinctive chemical properties. Although there has been considerable interest in the biosynthetic mechanisms of azoxy metabolites, the enzymatic basis responsible for azoxy bond formation has remained largely enigmatic. In this study, we unveil the enzyme cascade that constructs the azoxy bond in valanimycin biosynthesis. Our research demonstrates that a pair of metalloenzymes, comprising a membrane-bound hydrazine synthase and a nonheme diiron azoxy synthase, collaborate to convert an unstable pathway intermediate to an azoxy product through a hydrazine-azo-azoxy pathway. Additionally, by characterizing homologues of this enzyme pair from other azoxy metabolite pathways, we propose that this two-enzyme cascade could represent a conserved enzymatic strategy for azoxy bond formation in bacteria. These findings provide significant mechanistic insights into biological N-N bond formation and should facilitate the targeted isolation of bioactive azoxy compounds through genome mining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingkun Shi
- Department of Microbiology, and Department of Pharmacy of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin Zang
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhijie Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, and Department of Pharmacy of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhuanglin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Microbiology, and Department of Pharmacy of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guiyun Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, and Department of Pharmacy of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiahai Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yi-Ling Du
- Department of Microbiology, and Department of Pharmacy of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
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11
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Phintha A, Chaiyen P. Unifying and versatile features of flavin-dependent monooxygenases: Diverse catalysis by a common C4a-(hydro)peroxyflavin. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105413. [PMID: 37918809 PMCID: PMC10696468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavin-dependent monooxygenases (FDMOs) are known for their remarkable versatility and for their crucial roles in various biological processes and applications. Extensive research has been conducted to explore the structural and functional relationships of FDMOs. The majority of reported FDMOs utilize C4a-(hydro)peroxyflavin as a reactive intermediate to incorporate an oxygen atom into a wide range of compounds. This review discusses and analyzes recent advancements in our understanding of the structural and mechanistic features governing the enzyme functions. State-of-the-art discoveries related to common and distinct structural properties governing the catalytic versatility of the C4a-(hydro)peroxyflavin intermediate in selected FDMOs are discussed. Specifically, mechanisms of hydroxylation, dehalogenation, halogenation, and light-emitting reactions by FDMOs are highlighted. We also provide new analysis based on the structural and mechanistic features of these enzymes to gain insights into how the same intermediate can be harnessed to perform a wide variety of reactions. Challenging questions to obtain further breakthroughs in the understanding of FDMOs are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisaraphon Phintha
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong, Thailand
| | - Pimchai Chaiyen
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong, Thailand.
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12
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Zhao Y, Liu X, Xiao Z, Zhou J, Song X, Wang X, Hu L, Wang Y, Sun P, Wang W, He X, Lin S, Deng Z, Pan L, Jiang M. O-methyltransferase-like enzyme catalyzed diazo installation in polyketide biosynthesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5372. [PMID: 37666836 PMCID: PMC10477347 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41062-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diazo compounds are rare natural products possessing various biological activities. Kinamycin and lomaiviticin, two diazo natural products featured by the diazobenzofluorene core, exhibit exceptional potency as chemotherapeutic agents. Despite the extensive studies on their biosynthetic gene clusters and the assembly of their polyketide scaffolds, the formation of the characteristic diazo group remains elusive. L-Glutamylhydrazine was recently shown to be the hydrazine donor in kinamycin biosynthesis, however, the mechanism for the installation of the hydrazine group onto the kinamycin scaffold is still unclear. Here we describe an O-methyltransferase-like protein, AlpH, which is responsible for the hydrazine incorporation in kinamycin biosynthesis. AlpH catalyses a unique SAM-independent coupling of L-glutamylhydrazine and polyketide intermediate via a rare Mannich reaction in polyketide biosynthesis. Our discovery expands the catalytic diversity of O-methyltransferase-like enzymes and lays a strong foundation for the discovery and development of novel diazo natural products through genome mining and synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200030, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200030, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200030, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200030, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xingyu Song
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaozheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200030, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Hu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Peng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guo-He Road, 200433, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wenning Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi He
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200030, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shuangjun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200030, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zixin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200030, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Lifeng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200030, Shanghai, P. R. China.
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13
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Kawai S, Yamada A, Du D, Sugai Y, Katsuyama Y, Ohnishi Y. Identification and Analysis of the Biosynthetic Gene Cluster for the Hydrazide-Containing Aryl Polyene Spinamycin. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:1821-1828. [PMID: 37498311 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Natural products containing nitrogen-nitrogen (N-N) bonds have attracted much attention because of their bioactivities and chemical features. Several recent studies have revealed the nitrous acid-dependent N-N bond-forming machinery. However, the catalytic mechanisms of hydrazide synthesis using nitrous acid remain unknown. Herein, we focused on spinamycin, a hydrazide-containing aryl polyene produced by Streptomyces albospinus JCM3399. In the S. albospinus genome, we discovered a putative spinamycin biosynthetic gene (spi) cluster containing genes that encode a type II polyketide synthase and genes for the secondary metabolism-specific nitrous acid biosynthesis pathway. A gene inactivation experiment showed that this cluster was responsible for spinamycin biosynthesis. A feeding experiment using stable isotope-labeled sodium nitrite and analysis of nitrous acid-synthesizing enzymes in vitro strongly indicated that one of the nitrogen atoms of the hydrazide group was derived from nitrous acid. In vitro substrate specificity analysis of SpiA3, which is responsible for loading a starter substrate onto polyketide synthase, indicated that N-N bond formation occurs after starter substrate loading. In vitro analysis showed that the AMP-dependent ligase SpiA7 catalyzes the diazotization of an amino group on a benzene ring without a hydroxy group, resulting in a highly reactive diazo intermediate, which may be the key step in hydrazide group formation. Therefore, we propose the overall biosynthetic pathway of spinamycin. This study expands our knowledge of N-N bond formation in microbial secondary metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Kawai
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Akito Yamada
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Danyao Du
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Sugai
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yohei Katsuyama
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ohnishi
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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14
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Barbor JP, Nair VN, Sharp KR, Lohrey TD, Dibrell SE, Shah TK, Walsh MJ, Reisman SE, Stoltz BM. Development of a Nickel-Catalyzed N-N Coupling for the Synthesis of Hydrazides. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37413695 PMCID: PMC10360072 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed N-N cross-coupling for the synthesis of hydrazides is reported. O-Benzoylated hydroxamates were efficiently coupled with a broad range of aryl and aliphatic amines via nickel catalysis to form hydrazides in an up to 81% yield. Experimental evidence implicates the intermediacy of electrophilic Ni-stabilized acyl nitrenoids and the formation of a Ni(I) catalyst via silane-mediated reduction. This report constitutes the first example of an intermolecular N-N coupling compatible with secondary aliphatic amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay P Barbor
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Vaishnavi N Nair
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Kimberly R Sharp
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Trevor D Lohrey
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Sara E Dibrell
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Tejas K Shah
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Martin J Walsh
- Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Sarah E Reisman
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Brian M Stoltz
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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15
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Panjacharam P, Ulabala V, Jayakumar J, Rajasekhara Reddy S. Emerging trends in the sustainable synthesis of N-N bond bearing organic scaffolds. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:2632-2652. [PMID: 36883312 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00300k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
N-N bond bearing organic frameworks such as azos, hydrazines, indazoles, triazoles and their structural moieties have piqued the interest of organic chemists due to the intrinsic nitrogen electronegativity. Recent methodologies with atom efficacy and a greener approach have overcome the synthetic obstacles of N-N bond construction from N-H. As a result, a wide range of amine oxidation methods have been reported early on. This review's vision emphasizes the emerging methods of N-N bond formation, particularly photo, electro, organo and transition metal free chemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vijayasree Ulabala
- Department of Chemistry, Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge Technology (RGUKT), Nuzvid 521202, India.
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16
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Abstract
Covering: January to December 2021This review covers the literature published in 2021 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 736 citations (724 for the period January to December 2021) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1425 in 416 papers for 2021), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Pertinent reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that led to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included. An analysis of the number of authors, their affiliations, domestic and international collection locations, focus of MNP studies, citation metrics and journal choices is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Carroll
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia. .,Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brent R Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Enivironment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robert A Keyzers
- Centre for Biodiscovery, and School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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17
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Ding S, Henkel JV, Hopmans EC, Bale NJ, Koenen M, Villanueva L, Sinninghe Damsté JS. Changes in the membrane lipid composition of a Sulfurimonas species depend on the electron acceptor used for sulfur oxidation. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:121. [PMID: 37938789 PMCID: PMC9789136 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-022-00207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Sulfurimonas species are among the most abundant sulfur-oxidizing bacteria in the marine environment. They are capable of using different electron acceptors, this metabolic flexibility is favorable for their niche adaptation in redoxclines. When oxygen is depleted, most Sulfurimonas spp. (e.g., Sulfurimonas gotlandica) use nitrate ([Formula: see text]) as an electron acceptor to oxidize sulfur, including sulfide (HS-), S0 and thiosulfate, for energy production. Candidatus Sulfurimonas marisnigri SoZ1 and Candidatus Sulfurimonas baltica GD2, recently isolated from the redoxclines of the Black Sea and Baltic Sea respectively, have been shown to use manganese dioxide (MnO2) rather than [Formula: see text] for sulfur oxidation. The use of different electron acceptors is also dependent on differences in the electron transport chains embedded in the cellular membrane, therefore changes in the membrane, including its lipid composition, are expected but are so far unexplored. Here, we used untargeted lipidomic analysis to reveal changes in the composition of the lipidomes of three representative Sulfurimonas species grown using either [Formula: see text] and MnO2. We found that all Sulfurimonas spp. produce a series of novel phosphatidyldiazoalkyl-diacylglycerol lipids. Ca. Sulfurimonas baltica GD2 adapts its membrane lipid composition depending on the electron acceptors it utilizes for growth and survival. When carrying out MnO2-dependent sulfur oxidation, the novel phosphatidyldiazoalkyl-diacylglycerol headgroup comprises shorter alkyl moieties than when sulfur oxidation is [Formula: see text]-dependent. This is the first report of membrane lipid adaptation when an organism is grown with different electron acceptors. We suggest novel diazoalkyl lipids have the potential to be used as a biomarker for different conditions in redox-stratified systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Ding
- NIOZ Royal Institute for Sea Research, Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, Texel, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan V Henkel
- Department of Bioscience, Center for Geomicrobiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Biological Oceanography, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ellen C Hopmans
- NIOZ Royal Institute for Sea Research, Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, Texel, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole J Bale
- NIOZ Royal Institute for Sea Research, Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, Texel, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Koenen
- NIOZ Royal Institute for Sea Research, Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, Texel, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Villanueva
- NIOZ Royal Institute for Sea Research, Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, Texel, The Netherlands
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap S Sinninghe Damsté
- NIOZ Royal Institute for Sea Research, Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, Texel, The Netherlands
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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18
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Xu XC, Wu DN, Liang YX, Yang M, Yuan HY, Zhao YL. Visible Light-Induced Coupling Cyclization Reaction of α-Diazosulfonium Triflates with α-Oxocarboxylic Acids or Alkynes. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16604-16616. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Cen Xu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Dan-Ni Wu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yong-Xin Liang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Hai-Yan Yuan
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yu-Long Zhao
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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19
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Liu W, Lu Z, Yuan S, Jiang X, Xian M. Identification and mechanistic analysis of a bifunctional enzyme involved in the C-N and N-N bond formation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 635:154-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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20
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Giannopoulos GI. Fullerene Derivatives for Drug Delivery against COVID-19: A Molecular Dynamics Investigation of Dendro[60]fullerene as Nanocarrier of Molnupiravir. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12152711. [PMID: 35957142 PMCID: PMC9370322 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a theoretical investigation is made regarding the possibility of using a water-soluble derivative of C60 as a drug delivery agent for treating Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Molnupiravir is chosen as the transporting pharmaceutical compound since it has already proved to be very helpful in saving lives in case of hospitalization. According to the proposed formulation, a carboxyfullerene known as dendro[60]fullerene is externally connected with two molnupiravir molecules. Two properly formed nitrogen single bonds (N-N) are used as linkers between the dendro[60]fullerene and the two molnupiravir molecules to create the final form of the C60 derivate/molnupiravir conjugate. The energetics of the developed molecular system and its interaction with water and n-octanol are extensively studied via classical molecular dynamics (MD) using the COMPASS II force field. To study the interactions with water and n-octanol, an appropriate periodic amorphous unit cell is created that contains a single C60 derivative/molnupiravir system surrounded by numerous solvent molecules and simulated via MD in room conditions. In addition, the corresponding solvation-free energies of the investigated drug delivery system are computed and set in contrast with the corresponding properties of the water-soluble dendro[60]fullerene, to test its solubility capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios I Giannopoulos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Peloponnese, 1 Megalou Alexandrou Street, GR-26334 Patras, Greece
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21
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Matsuda K, Arima K, Akiyama S, Yamada Y, Abe Y, Suenaga H, Hashimoto J, Shin-Ya K, Nishiyama M, Wakimoto T. A Natural Dihydropyridazinone Scaffold Generated from a Unique Substrate for a Hydrazine-Forming Enzyme. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:12954-12960. [PMID: 35771530 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-nitrogen bond-containing functional groups are rare, but they are found in a considerably wide class of natural products. Recent clarifications of the biosynthetic routes for such functional groups shed light onto overlooked biosynthetic genes distributed across the bacterial kingdom, highlighting the presence of yet-to-be identified natural products with peculiar functional groups. Here, the genome-mining approach targeting a unique hydrazine-forming gene led to the discovery of actinopyridazinones A (1) and B (2), the first natural products with dihydropyridazinone rings. The structure of actinopyridazinone A was unambiguously established by total synthesis. Biosynthetic studies unveiled the structural diversity of natural hydrazines derived from this family of N-N bond-forming enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Matsuda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.,Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Kuga Arima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Satoko Akiyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuito Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yo Abe
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Hikaru Suenaga
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - Junko Hashimoto
- Japan Biological Informatics Consortium (JBIC), Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shin-Ya
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - Makoto Nishiyama
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.,Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Wakimoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.,Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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22
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He HY, Niikura H, Du YL, Ryan KS. Synthetic and biosynthetic routes to nitrogen-nitrogen bonds. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:2991-3046. [PMID: 35311838 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00458c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The nitrogen-nitrogen bond is a core feature of diverse functional groups like hydrazines, nitrosamines, diazos, and pyrazoles. Such functional groups are found in >300 known natural products. Such N-N bond-containing functional groups are also found in significant percentage of clinical drugs. Therefore, there is wide interest in synthetic and enzymatic methods to form nitrogen-nitrogen bonds. In this review, we summarize synthetic and biosynthetic approaches to diverse nitrogen-nitrogen-bond-containing functional groups, with a focus on biosynthetic pathways and enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan He
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. .,Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Haruka Niikura
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Yi-Ling Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Katherine S Ryan
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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23
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Ma GL, Candra H, Pang LM, Xiong J, Ding Y, Tran HT, Low ZJ, Ye H, Liu M, Zheng J, Fang M, Cao B, Liang ZX. Biosynthesis of Tasikamides via Pathway Coupling and Diazonium-Mediated Hydrazone Formation. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:1622-1633. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Lei Ma
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551 Singapore
| | - Hartono Candra
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551 Singapore
| | - Li Mei Pang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551 Singapore
| | - Juan Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Yichen Ding
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Limited, Research Link, National University of Singapore, 117604 Singapore
| | - Hoa Thi Tran
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551 Singapore
| | - Zhen Jie Low
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551 Singapore
| | - Hong Ye
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551 Singapore
| | - Min Liu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Jie Zheng
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Mingliang Fang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Bin Cao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637551 Singapore
| | - Zhao-Xun Liang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551 Singapore
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24
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Che Y, Qi X, Qu W, Shi B, Lin Q, Yao H, Zhang Y, Wei T. Synthetic strategies of phenazine derivatives: a review. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Xin Che
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐Environment‐Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou Gansu China
| | - Xiao‐Ni Qi
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐Environment‐Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou Gansu China
| | - Wen‐Juan Qu
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐Environment‐Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou Gansu China
| | - Bing‐Bing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐Environment‐Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou Gansu China
| | - Qi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐Environment‐Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou Gansu China
| | - Hong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐Environment‐Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou Gansu China
| | - You‐Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐Environment‐Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou Gansu China
| | - Tai‐Bao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐Environment‐Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou Gansu China
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25
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Zhao G, Peng W, Song K, Shi J, Lu X, Wang B, Du YL. Molecular basis of enzymatic nitrogen-nitrogen formation by a family of zinc-binding cupin enzymes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7205. [PMID: 34893622 PMCID: PMC8664883 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27523-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecules with a nitrogen-nitrogen (N-N) bond in their structures exhibit various biological activities and other unique properties. A few microbial proteins are recently emerging as dedicated N-N bond forming enzymes in natural product biosynthesis. However, the details of these biochemical processes remain largely unknown. Here, through in vitro biochemical characterization and computational studies, we report the molecular basis of hydrazine bond formation by a family of di-domain enzymes. These enzymes are widespread in bacteria and sometimes naturally exist as two standalone enzymes. We reveal that the methionyl-tRNA synthase-like domain/protein catalyzes ATP-dependent condensation of two amino acids substrates to form a highly unstable ester intermediate, which is subsequently captured by the zinc-binding cupin domain/protein and undergoes redox-neutral intramolecular rearrangement to give the N-N bond containing product. These results provide important mechanistic insights into enzymatic N-N bond formation and should facilitate future development of novel N-N forming biocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyun Zhao
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003 Hangzhou, China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInstitute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Peng
- grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Kaihui Song
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInstitute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingkun Shi
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInstitute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingyu Lu
- grid.494629.40000 0004 8008 9315Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Instrumentation and Service Center for Molecular Sciences, Westlake University, 310024 Hangzhou, China
| | - Binju Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China.
| | - Yi-Ling Du
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China. .,Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
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26
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Luo X, Zhao Y, Tao S, Yang ZT, Luo H, Yang W. A simple and efficient copper-catalyzed three-component reaction to synthesize ( Z)-1,2-dihydro-2-iminoquinolines. RSC Adv 2021; 11:31152-31158. [PMID: 35496874 PMCID: PMC9041411 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06330h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A operationally simple synthesis of (Z)-1,2-dihydro-2-iminoquinolines that proceeds under mild conditions is achieved by copper-catalyzed reaction of 1-(2-aminophenyl)ethan-1-ones, sulfonyl azides and terminal ynones. In particular, the reaction goes through a base-free CuAAC/ring-opening process to obtain the Z-configured products due to hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiai Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang 524023 China .,The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang Zhanjiang Guangdong 524023 China.,Department of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Medicine Huaihua 418000 China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang 524023 China
| | - Susu Tao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang 524023 China
| | - Zhong-Tao Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang 524023 China .,The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang Zhanjiang Guangdong 524023 China
| | - Hui Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang 524023 China .,The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang Zhanjiang Guangdong 524023 China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang) Zhanjiang Guangdong 524023 China
| | - Weiguang Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang 524023 China .,The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang Zhanjiang Guangdong 524023 China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang) Zhanjiang Guangdong 524023 China
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27
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Song F, Zhu S, Wang H, Chen G. Iridium-Catalyzed Intermolecular N—N Coupling for Hydrazide Synthesis Using N-Benzoyloxycarbamates as Acyl Nitrene Precursor. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202105044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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