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Carrillo García C, Becker C, Forster M, Lohmann S, Freitag P, Laufer S, Sievers S, Fleischmann BK, Hesse M, Schade D. High-Throughput Screening Platform in Postnatal Heart Cells and Chemical Probe Toolbox to Assess Cardiomyocyte Proliferation. J Med Chem 2022; 65:1505-1524. [PMID: 34818008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Restoring lost heart muscle is an attractive goal for cardiovascular regenerative medicine. One appealing strategy is the therapeutic stimulation of cardiomyocyte proliferation, which inter alia remains challenging due to available assay technologies capturing the complex biology. Here, a high-throughput-formatted phenotypic assay platform was established using rodent whole heart-derived cells to preserve the cellular environment of cardiomyocytes. Several readouts allowed the quantification of cycling cardiomyocytes, including a transgenic H2B-mCherry system for unequivocal, automated detection of cardiomyocyte nuclei. A chemical genetics approach revealed pronounced species differences and furnished pan-kinase inhibitors 5 and 36 as potent and robust inducers of endoreplication and acytokinetic mitosis. Combined profiling of the commonly used p38 MAPK inhibitors SB203580 (1), SB239063 (2) and a novel set of skepinone-L (6) derivatives pointed to off-target effects beyond p38 that might be critical for effective cardiomyocyte cytokinesis. Kinome-focused screening eventually furnished TG003 (38) as a novel candidate for stimulating cardiomyocyte proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Carrillo García
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Cora Becker
- Institute of Physiology I, Life and Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, House 76, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Forster
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Lohmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Patricia Freitag
- Institute of Physiology I, Life and Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, House 76, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Laufer
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Tübingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery & Development (TüCAD2), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sonja Sievers
- Compound Management and Screening Center COMAS, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology (MPI), 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bernd K Fleischmann
- Institute of Physiology I, Life and Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, House 76, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Pharma Center Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Hesse
- Institute of Physiology I, Life and Brain Center, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, House 76, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dennis Schade
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
- Partner Site Kiel, DZHK, German Center for Cardiovascular Research, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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2
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Liu J, Shang Y, Xiao J, Fan H, Jiang M, Fan S, Bai G. Phenotype-Based HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS Coupled With Zebrafish Behavior Trajectory Analysis System for the Identification of the Antidepressant Components in Methanol Extract of Anshen Buxin Six Pills. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:764388. [PMID: 34880758 PMCID: PMC8645982 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.764388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotype screening has become an important tool for the discovery of active components in traditional Chinese medicine. Anshen Buxin Six Pills (ASBX) are a traditional Mongolian medicine used for the treatment of neurosis in clinical settings. However, its antidepressant components have not been explicitly identified and studied. Here, the antidepressant effect of ASBX was evaluated in adult zebrafish. High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was combined with zebrafish behavior trajectory analysis to screen and identify the antidepressant-active extract fraction and active components of ASBX. Finally, the antidepressant effect of the active ingredients were verified by the behavior, pathology, biochemical indices and protein level of adult fish. The novel tank driving test (NTDT) showed that ASBX can effectively improve the depressive effect of reserpine on zebrafish. Petroleum ether and dichloromethane extracts of ASBX were screened as antidepressant active extracts. Costunolide (COS) and dehydrocostus lactone (DHE) were screened as the active components of ASBX. COS had been shown to significantly improve the depressive behavior, nerve injury and neurotransmitter levels (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE)) of zebrafish by inhibiting the high expression of serotonin transporter and norepinephrine transporter induced by reserpine suggesting the antidepressant effect of COS may be related to its effect on 5-HT and NE pathways. This study provided a phenotype based screening method for antidepressant components of traditional Chinese medicines, so as to realize the separation, identification and activity screening of components at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Shang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Juanlan Xiao
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Huirong Fan
- The Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Saijun Fan
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Gang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Vincent F, Loria PM, Weston AD, Steppan CM, Doyonnas R, Wang YM, Rockwell KL, Peakman MC. Hit Triage and Validation in Phenotypic Screening: Considerations and Strategies. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:1332-1346. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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4
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Ding M, Tegel H, Sivertsson Å, Hober S, Snijder A, Ormö M, Strömstedt PE, Davies R, Holmberg Schiavone L. Secretome-Based Screening in Target Discovery. SLAS DISCOVERY : ADVANCING LIFE SCIENCES R & D 2020; 25:535-551. [PMID: 32425085 PMCID: PMC7309359 DOI: 10.1177/2472555220917113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Secreted proteins and their cognate plasma membrane receptors regulate human physiology by transducing signals from the extracellular environment into cells resulting in different cellular phenotypes. Systematic use of secretome proteins in assays enables discovery of novel biology and signaling pathways. Several secretome-based phenotypic screening platforms have been described in the literature and shown to facilitate target identification in drug discovery. In this review, we summarize the current status of secretome-based screening. This includes annotation, production, quality control, and sample management of secretome libraries, as well as how secretome libraries have been applied to discover novel target biology using different disease-relevant cell-based assays. A workflow for secretome-based screening is shared based on the AstraZeneca experience. The secretome library offers several advantages compared with other libraries used for target discovery: (1) screening using a secretome library directly identifies the active protein and, in many cases, its cognate receptor, enabling a rapid understanding of the disease pathway and subsequent formation of target hypotheses for drug discovery; (2) the secretome library covers significant areas of biological signaling space, although the size of this library is small; (3) secretome proteins can be added directly to cells without additional manipulation. These factors make the secretome library ideal for testing in physiologically relevant cell types, and therefore it represents an attractive approach to phenotypic target discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Ding
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hanna Tegel
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åsa Sivertsson
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sophia Hober
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arjan Snijder
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mats Ormö
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per-Erik Strömstedt
- Mechanistic Biology and Profiling, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rick Davies
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
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5
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Zhao W, Fan J, Kulic I, Koh C, Clark A, Meuller J, Engkvist O, Barichievy S, Raynoschek C, Hicks R, Maresca M, Wang Q, Brown DG, Lok A, Parro C, Robert J, Chou HY, Zuhl AM, Wood MW, Brandon NJ, Wellington CL. Axl receptor tyrosine kinase is a regulator of apolipoprotein E. Mol Brain 2020; 13:66. [PMID: 32366277 PMCID: PMC7197143 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00609-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia, is a chronic neurodegenerative disease. Apolipoprotein E (apoE), which carries lipids in the brain in the form of lipoproteins, plays an undisputed role in AD pathophysiology. A high-throughput phenotypic screen was conducted using a CCF-STTG1 human astrocytoma cell line to identify small molecules that could upregulate apoE secretion. AZ7235, a previously discovered Axl kinase inhibitor, was identified to have robust apoE activity in brain microglia, astrocytes and pericytes. AZ7235 also increased expression of ATP-binding cassette protein A1 (ABCA1), which is involved in the lipidation and secretion of apoE. Moreover, AZ7235 did not exhibit Liver-X-Receptor (LXR) activity and stimulated apoE and ABCA1 expression in the absence of LXR. Target validation studies using AXL-/- CCF-STTG1 cells showed that Axl is required to mediate AZ7235 upregulation of apoE and ABCA1. Intriguingly, apoE expression and secretion was significantly attenuated in AXL-deficient CCF-STTG1 cells and reconstitution of Axl or kinase-dead Axl significantly restored apoE baseline levels, demonstrating that Axl also plays a role in maintaining apoE homeostasis in astrocytes independent of its kinase activity. Lastly, these effects may require human apoE regulatory sequences, as AZ7235 exhibited little stimulatory activity toward apoE and ABCA1 in primary murine glia derived from neonatal human APOE3 targeted-replacement mice. Collectively, we identified a small molecule that exhibits robust apoE and ABCA1 activity independent of the LXR pathway in human cells and elucidated a novel relationship between Axl and apoE homeostasis in human astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchen Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Jianjia Fan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Iva Kulic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Cheryl Koh
- Mechanistic Biology & Profiling, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, USA
| | - Amanda Clark
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Johan Meuller
- Mechanistic Biology & Profiling, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ola Engkvist
- Hit Discovery, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Carina Raynoschek
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ryan Hicks
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marcello Maresca
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Qi Wang
- Neuroscience, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, USA
| | - Dean G Brown
- Hit Discovery, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, USA
| | - Alvin Lok
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Cameron Parro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Jerome Robert
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Hsien-Ya Chou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Andrea M Zuhl
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, USA
| | - Michael W Wood
- Neuroscience, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, USA
| | | | - Cheryl L Wellington
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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6
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Phenotypic Screen with the Human Secretome Identifies FGF16 as Inducing Proliferation of iPSC-Derived Cardiac Progenitor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236037. [PMID: 31801200 PMCID: PMC6928864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Paracrine factors can induce cardiac regeneration and repair post myocardial infarction by stimulating proliferation of cardiac cells and inducing the anti-fibrotic, antiapoptotic, and immunomodulatory effects of angiogenesis. Here, we screened a human secretome library, consisting of 923 growth factors, cytokines, and proteins with unknown function, in a phenotypic screen with human cardiac progenitor cells. The primary readout in the screen was proliferation measured by nuclear count. From this screen, we identified FGF1, FGF4, FGF9, FGF16, FGF18, and seven additional proteins that induce proliferation of cardiac progenitor cells. FGF9 and FGF16 belong to the same FGF subfamily, share high sequence identity, and are described to have similar receptor preferences. Interestingly, FGF16 was shown to be specific for proliferation of cardiac progenitor cells, whereas FGF9 also proliferated human cardiac fibroblasts. Biosensor analysis of receptor preferences and quantification of receptor abundances suggested that FGF16 and FGF9 bind to different FGF receptors on the cardiac progenitor cells and cardiac fibroblasts. FGF16 also proliferated naïve cardiac progenitor cells isolated from mouse heart and human cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent cells. Taken together, the data suggest that FGF16 could be a suitable paracrine factor to induce cardiac regeneration and repair.
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7
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Drowley L, McPheat J, Nordqvist A, Peel S, Karlsson U, Martinsson S, Müllers E, Dellsén A, Knight S, Barrett I, Sánchez J, Magnusson B, Greber B, Wang QD, Plowright AT. Discovery of retinoic acid receptor agonists as proliferators of cardiac progenitor cells through a phenotypic screening approach. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 9:47-60. [PMID: 31508905 PMCID: PMC6954720 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of small molecules with the potential to selectively proliferate cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) will aid our understanding of the signaling pathways and mechanisms involved and could ultimately provide tools for regenerative therapies for the treatment of post‐MI cardiac dysfunction. We have used an in vitro human induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived CPC model to screen a 10,000‐compound library containing molecules representing different target classes and compounds reported to modulate the phenotype of stem or primary cells. The primary readout of this phenotypic screen was proliferation as measured by nuclear count. We identified retinoic acid receptor (RAR) agonists as potent proliferators of CPCs. The CPCs retained their progenitor phenotype following proliferation and the identified RAR agonists did not proliferate human cardiac fibroblasts, the major cell type in the heart. In addition, the RAR agonists were able to proliferate an independent source of CPCs, HuES6. The RAR agonists had a time‐of‐differentiation‐dependent effect on the HuES6‐derived CPCs. At 4 days of differentiation, treatment with retinoic acid induced differentiation of the CPCs to atrial cells. However, after 5 days of differentiation treatment with RAR agonists led to an inhibition of terminal differentiation to cardiomyocytes and enhanced the proliferation of the cells. RAR agonists, at least transiently, enhance the proliferation of human CPCs, at the expense of terminal cardiac differentiation. How this mechanism translates in vivo to activate endogenous CPCs and whether enhancing proliferation of these rare progenitor cells is sufficient to enhance cardiac repair remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Drowley
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jane McPheat
- Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anneli Nordqvist
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Ulla Karlsson
- Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Martinsson
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik Müllers
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anita Dellsén
- Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Ian Barrett
- Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - José Sánchez
- Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Boris Greber
- Human Stem Cell Pluripotency Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Qing-Dong Wang
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alleyn T Plowright
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden
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8
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Friese A, Ursu A, Hochheimer A, Schöler HR, Waldmann H, Bruder JM. The Convergence of Stem Cell Technologies and Phenotypic Drug Discovery. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 26:1050-1066. [PMID: 31231030 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in induced pluripotent stem cell technologies and phenotypic screening shape the future of bioactive small-molecule discovery. In this review we analyze the impact of small-molecule phenotypic screens on drug discovery as well as on the investigation of human development and disease biology. We further examine the role of 3D spheroid/organoid structures, microfluidic systems, and miniaturized on-a-chip systems for future discovery strategies. In highlighting representative examples, we analyze how recent achievements can translate into future therapies. Finally, we discuss remaining challenges that need to be overcome for the adaptation of the next generation of screening approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Friese
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andrei Ursu
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andreas Hochheimer
- ISAR Bioscience GmbH, Institute for Stem Cell & Applied Regenerative Medicine Research, 82152 Planegg, Germany
| | - Hans R Schöler
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149 Münster, Germany; Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Domagkstrasse 3, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Jan M Bruder
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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Woo LA, Tkachenko S, Ding M, Plowright AT, Engkvist O, Andersson H, Drowley L, Barrett I, Firth M, Akerblad P, Wolf MJ, Bekiranov S, Brautigan DL, Wang QD, Saucerman JJ. High-content phenotypic assay for proliferation of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes identifies L-type calcium channels as targets. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 127:204-214. [PMID: 30597148 PMCID: PMC6524138 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Over 5 million people in the United States suffer from heart failure, due to the limited ability to regenerate functional cardiac tissue. One potential therapeutic strategy is to enhance proliferation of resident cardiomyocytes. However, phenotypic screening for therapeutic agents is challenged by the limited ability of conventional markers to discriminate between cardiomyocyte proliferation and endoreplication (e.g. polyploidy and multinucleation). Here, we developed a novel assay that combines automated live-cell microscopy and image processing algorithms to discriminate between proliferation and endoreplication by quantifying changes in the number of nuclei, changes in the number of cells, binucleation, and nuclear DNA content. We applied this assay to further prioritize hits from a primary screen for DNA synthesis, identifying 30 compounds that enhance proliferation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Among the most active compounds from the phenotypic screen are clinically approved L-type calcium channel blockers from multiple chemical classes whose activities were confirmed across different sources of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Identification of compounds that stimulate human cardiomyocyte proliferation may provide new therapeutic strategies for heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Woo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, USA
| | - Svyatoslav Tkachenko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, USA
| | - Mei Ding
- Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alleyn T Plowright
- Medicinal Chemistry, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ola Engkvist
- Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Andersson
- Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lauren Drowley
- Bioscience Heart Failure, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ian Barrett
- Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Cambridge, UK
| | - Mike Firth
- Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Akerblad
- Bioscience Heart Failure, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Matthew J Wolf
- Department of Medicine and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, USA
| | - Stefan Bekiranov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, USA
| | - David L Brautigan
- Center for Cell Signaling, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, USA
| | - Qing-Dong Wang
- Bioscience Heart Failure, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey J Saucerman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, USA.
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10
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Kubota K, Funabashi M, Ogura Y. Target deconvolution from phenotype-based drug discovery by using chemical proteomics approaches. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2019; 1867:22-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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KhalKhal E, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Rostamii-Nejad M. Pharmaceutical Advances and Proteomics Researches. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2019; 18:51-67. [PMID: 32802089 PMCID: PMC7393046 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.112440.13758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Proteomics enables understanding the composition, structure, function and interactions of the entire protein complement of a cell, a tissue, or an organism under exactly defined conditions. Some factors such as stress or drug effects will change the protein pattern and cause the present or absence of a protein or gradual variation in abundances. The aim of this study is to explore relationship between proteomics application and drug discovery. "proteomics", "Application", and "pharmacology were the main keywords that were searched in PubMed (PubMed Central), Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The titles that were stablished by 2019, were studied and after study of the appreciated abstracts, the full texts of the 118 favor documents were extracted. Changes in the proteome provide a snapshot of the cell activities and physiological processes. Proteomics shows the observed protein changes to the causal effects and generate a complete three-dimensional map of the cell indicating their exact location. Proteomics is used in different biological fields and is applied in medicine, agriculture, food microbiology, industry, and pharmacy and drug discovery. Biomarker discovery, follow up of drug effect on the patients, and in vitro and in vivo proteomic investigation about the drug treated subjects implies close relationship between proteomics advances and application and drug discovery and development. This review overviews and summarizes the applications of proteomics especially in pharmacology and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ensieh KhalKhal
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Rostamii-Nejad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Abstract
Despite therapeutic advances that have prolonged life, myocardial infarction (MI) remains a leading cause of death worldwide and imparts a significant economic burden. The advancement of treatments to improve cardiac repair post-MI requires the discovery of new targeted treatment strategies. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of the epicardial covering of the heart in both cardiac development and lower vertebrate cardiac regeneration. The epicardium serves as a source of cardiac cells including smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and cardiac fibroblasts. Mammalian adult epicardial cells are typically quiescent. However, the fetal genetic program is reactivated post-MI, and epicardial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) occurs as an inherent mechanism to support neovascularization and cardiac healing. Unfortunately, endogenous EMT is not enough to encourage sufficient repair. Recent developments in our understanding of the mechanisms supporting the EMT process has led to a number of studies directed at augmenting epicardial EMT post-MI. With a focus on the role of the primary cilium, this review outlines the newly demonstrated mechanisms supporting EMT, the role of epicardial EMT in cardiac development, and promising advances in augmenting epicardial EMT as potential therapeutics to support cardiac repair post-MI.
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