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Zhang X, Wang FX, Li ZW, Wang S, Zhang SQ, Song M, Zhang XQ. Bis-piperidine alkaloids from the peels of Areca catechu. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38944841 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2024.2372383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Four new alkaloids, arecatines A-D (1-4), were isolated from the peels of Areca catechu. Compound 1 is an unusual piperidine-pyridine hybrid alkaloid, whereas compounds 2-4 feature bis-piperidine alkaloids. Their structures were elucidated by UV, IR, HRESIMS, and NMR spectra analysis. The molecular docking analysis indicated that compound 3 exhibited the best binding affinity with the GABAA receptor, indicating its potential anti-epilepsy activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Fang-Xin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zi-Wei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Song Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shi-Qing Zhang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Join Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Min Song
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Chen QY, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Zhuo M. Inhibition of cortical synaptic transmission, behavioral nociceptive, and anxiodepressive-like responses by arecoline in adult mice. Mol Brain 2024; 17:39. [PMID: 38886822 PMCID: PMC11184806 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-024-01106-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Areca nut, the seed of Areca catechu L., is one of the most widely consumed addictive substances in the world after nicotine, ethanol, and caffeine. The major effective constituent of A. catechu, arecoline, has been reported to affect the central nervous system. Less is known if it may affect pain and its related emotional responses. In this study, we found that oral application of arecoline alleviated the inflammatory pain and its induced anxiolytic and anti-depressive-like behavior. Arecoline also increased the mechanical nociceptive threshold and alleviated depression-like behavior in naïve mice. In the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), which acts as a hinge of nociception and its related anxiety and depression, by using the multi-electrode field potential recording and whole-cell patch-clamp recording, we found that the evoked postsynaptic transmission in the ACC of adult mice has been inhibited by the application of arecoline. The muscarinic receptor is the major receptor of the arecoline in the ACC. Our results suggest that arecoline alleviates pain, anxiety, and depression-like behavior in both physiological and pathological conditions, and this new mechanism may help to treat patients with chronic pain and its related anxiety and disorder in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Yu Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Interdisciplinary Center for Brain Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Zhuomin International Institute for Brain Research, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxiang Zhang
- Zhuomin International Institute for Brain Research, Qingdao, China
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Ma
- Zhuomin International Institute for Brain Research, Qingdao, China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Zhuo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
- Zhuomin International Institute for Brain Research, Qingdao, China.
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room #3342, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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Yan H, Ding J, Li X, Li S, Zhang D. Arecoline induces neurotoxicity in HT22 cells via the promotion of endoplasmic reticulum stress and downregulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3410-3424. [PMID: 38450909 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Arecoline, the predominant bioactive substance extracted from areca nut (AN), is the world's fourth most frequently used psychoactive material. Research has revealed that chewing AN can affect the central nervous system (CNS) and may lead to neurocognitive deficits that are possibly linked to the action of arecoline. However, the mechanism behind the neurotoxicity caused by arecoline remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the neurotoxic effects of arecoline and its underlying mechanism. The results showed that arecoline caused cytotoxicity against HT22 cells in a dose-dependent manner and induced apoptosis by upregulating the expression of pro-apoptotic caspase and Bcl-2 family proteins. Furthermore, arecoline escalated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and Ca2+ concentration with increasing doses, thereby motivating endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and ERS-associated apoptotic protein expression. Additionally, the study found that arecoline attenuates intracellular antioxidant defense by inhibiting the translocation of NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) into the nucleus and decreasing downstream Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) levels. The specific inhibitor Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) can dramatically attenuate arecoline-mediated cell apoptosis and ERS-associated apoptotic pathway expression by blocking ERS. The antioxidant N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) also effectively reverses the arecoline-mediated increase of ERS-related apoptotic pathway protein levels by scavenging intracellular ROS accumulation. In conclusion, this study suggests that arecoline induces neurotoxicity in HT22 cells via ERS mediated by oxidative stress- and Ca2+ disturbance, as well as by downregulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Yan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiameng Ding
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiong Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shuyue Li
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Dongxian Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Bernardo J, Valentão P. Herb-drug interactions: A short review on central and peripheral nervous system drugs. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1903-1931. [PMID: 38358734 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Herbal medicines are widely perceived as natural and safe remedies. However, their concomitant use with prescribed drugs is a common practice, often undertaken without full awareness of the potential risks and frequently without medical supervision. This practice introduces a tangible risk of herb-drug interactions, which can manifest as a spectrum of consequences, ranging from acute, self-limited reactions to unpredictable and potentially lethal scenarios. This review offers a comprehensive overview of herb-drug interactions, with a specific focus on medications targeting the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems. Our work draws upon a broad range of evidence, encompassing preclinical data, animal studies, and clinical case reports. We delve into the intricate pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics underpinning each interaction, elucidating the mechanisms through which these interactions occur. One pressing issue that emerges from this analysis is the need for updated guidelines and sustained pharmacovigilance efforts. The topic of herb-drug interactions often escapes the attention of both consumers and healthcare professionals. To ensure patient safety and informed decision-making, it is imperative that we address this knowledge gap and establish a framework for continued monitoring and education. In conclusion, the use of herbal remedies alongside conventional medications is a practice replete with potential hazards. This review not only underscores the real and significant risks associated with herb-drug interactions but also underscores the necessity for greater awareness, research, and vigilant oversight in this often-overlooked domain of healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Bernardo
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Yin XG, Chen XZ, Qiu JL, Yu ZK, Chen LY, Huang SQ, Huang WN, Luo X, Zhu KW. A conjugate vaccine strategy that induces protective immunity against arecoline. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 268:116229. [PMID: 38430852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Betel-quid chewing addiction is the leading cause of oral submucous fibrosis and oral cancer, resulting in significant socio-economic burdens. Vaccination may serve as a promising potential remedy to mitigate the abuse and combat accidental overdose of betel nut. Hapten design is the crucial factor to the development of arecoline vaccine that determines the efficacy of a candidate vaccine. Herein, we reported that two kinds of novel arecoline-based haptens were synthesized and conjugated to Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) to generate immunogens, which generated antibodies with high affinity for arecoline but reduced binding for guvacoline and no affinity for arecaidine or guvacine. Notably, vaccination with Arec-N-BSA, which via the N-position on the tetrahydropyridine ring (tertiary amine group), led to a higher antibody affinity compared to Arec-CONH-BSA, blunted analgesia and attenuated hypothermia for arecoline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Guang Yin
- Center for Drug Delivery System Research, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, 900 Chengnan Avenue, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Xiang-Zhao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases of Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Jia-Ling Qiu
- Center for Drug Delivery System Research, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, 900 Chengnan Avenue, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Zhi-Kai Yu
- Center for Drug Delivery System Research, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, 900 Chengnan Avenue, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Li-Yuan Chen
- Center for Drug Delivery System Research, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, 900 Chengnan Avenue, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Si-Qi Huang
- Center for Drug Delivery System Research, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, 900 Chengnan Avenue, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Wen-Na Huang
- Center for Drug Delivery System Research, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, 900 Chengnan Avenue, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Xiang Luo
- Center for Drug Delivery System Research, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, 900 Chengnan Avenue, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China; Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Fat-soluble Vitamin, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, 900 Chengnan Avenue, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Ke-Wu Zhu
- Center for Drug Delivery System Research, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, 900 Chengnan Avenue, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China.
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Sun H, Yu W, Li H, Hu X, Wang X. Bioactive Components of Areca Nut: An Overview of Their Positive Impacts Targeting Different Organs. Nutrients 2024; 16:695. [PMID: 38474823 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Areca catechu L. is a widely cultivated tropical crop in Southeast Asia, and its fruit, areca nut, has been consumed as a traditional Chinese medicinal material for more than 10,000 years, although it has recently attracted widespread attention due to potential hazards. Areca nut holds a significant position in traditional medicine in many areas and ranks first among the four southern medicines in China. Numerous bioactive compounds have been identified in areca nuts, including alkaloids, polyphenols, polysaccharides, and fatty acids, which exhibit diverse bioactive functions, such as anti-bacterial, deworming, anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor effects. Furthermore, they also display beneficial impacts targeting the nervous, digestive, and endocrine systems. This review summarizes the pharmacological functions and underlying mechanisms of the bioactive ingredients in areca nut. This helps to ascertain the beneficial components of areca nut, discover its medicinal potential, and guide the utilization of the areca nut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Sun
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wenzhen Yu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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Shih LJ, Hsu PC, Chuu CP, Shui HA, Yeh CC, Chen YC, Kao YH. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate Synergistically Enhanced Arecoline-Induced Cytotoxicity by Redirecting Cycle Arrest to Apoptosis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:1516-1529. [PMID: 38392216 PMCID: PMC10887523 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46020098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Carcinogens, such as arecoline, play a crucial role in cancer progression and continuous gene mutations by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Antioxidants can reduce ROS levels and potentially prevent cancer progression but may paradoxically enhance the survival of cancer cells. This study investigated whether epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), an antioxidant from green tea, could resolve this paradox. Prostate cancer cells (PC-3 cell line) were cultured and treated with arecoline combined with NAC (N-acetylcysteine) or EGCG; the combined effects on intracellular ROS levels and cell viability were examined using the MTT and DCFDA assays, respectively. In addition, apoptosis, cell cycle, and protein expression were investigated using flow cytometry and western blot analysis. Our results showed that EGCG, similar to NAC (N-acetylcysteine), reduced the intracellular ROS levels, which were elevated by arecoline. Moreover, EGCG not only caused cell cycle arrest but also facilitated cell apoptosis in arecoline-treated cells in a synergistic manner. These were evidenced by elevated levels of cyclin B1 and p27, and increased fragmentation of procaspase-3, PARP, and DNA. Our findings highlight the potential use of EGCG for cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jane Shih
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Longtan, Taoyuan 325208, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chi Hsu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Jhongli, Taoyuan 320317, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Pin Chuu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 350401, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ai Shui
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114201, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Yeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Longtan, Taoyuan 325208, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Chung Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch, Taipei 106243, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsi Kao
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Jhongli, Taoyuan 320317, Taiwan
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Zhang X, Sun Y, Qi H, Feng J, Hou W, Liu Y. Comparative metabolomics study on areca nut from China and Southeast Asia (Thailand and Indonesia). PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2023; 34:1022-1035. [PMID: 37813812 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Areca nut is an economic crop and an important component in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and ethnomedicine. The crop is rich in alkaloids and flavonoids. Most previous studies have focused on the chemical components, especially alkaloids, in crops from certain areca nut-producing areas. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in areca nut seeds in two main cultivation areas, identify differential metabolites, and evaluate seed quality in different production areas. METHODS A widely targeted metabolomics method based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QQQ-MS), combined with the TCM systems pharmacology (TCMSP) database and multivariate statistical analysis, was used in this study to maximise the differentiation between quality characteristics of areca nut seeds from China and Southeast Asian regions. RESULTS Altogether, 1031 metabolites were identified in areca nut seeds; by querying the TCMSP database, 375 metabolites were identified as the main active ingredients. Moreover, the research showed that the metabolic profiles of areca nut seeds from China (ASCN) and Southeast Asia (ASSA) exhibit significant differences, and the difference is mainly reflected in 318 compounds. The relative content of 146 metabolites in ASCN was significantly higher than that in ASSA. Through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) comparative analysis, areca nut seed metabolites in Chinese production areas were determined to have a wider metabolic pathway. CONCLUSION The areca nut seeds from cultivation areas possess many metabolites that are beneficial for health, including alkaloids, amino acids, phenolic acids, and lipids. Thus, compared with ASSA, ASCN have a higher medicinal value. This study provides a direction for the subsequent development and utilisation of areca nut seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Zhang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huasha Qi
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Jian Feng
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Wencheng Hou
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Yao N, Feng L, Jiang W, Wu P, Ren H, Shi H, Tang L, Li S, Wu C, Li H, Liu Y, Zhou X. An emerging role of arecoline on growth performance, intestinal digestion and absorption capacities and intestinal structural integrity of adult grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella). ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 15:173-186. [PMID: 38023377 PMCID: PMC10679820 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Arecoline is an alkaloid with important pharmacological effects in the plant areca nut, which has been demonstrated to be an agonist of muscarinic receptors (M receptor). This study explored the influences of dietary arecoline on growth performance, intestinal digestion and absorption abilities, antioxidant capacity, and the apical junction complex (AJC) of adult grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Adult grass carp (608 to 1512 g) were fed at 6 graded levels of dietary arecoline (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 mg/kg diet) for 9 weeks. The results suggested that appropriate dietary supplementation of arecoline (1.0 mg/kg) increased growth parameters and intestinal growth in adult grass carp (P < 0.05), enhanced digestion and absorption capacities (P < 0.05), up-regulated muscarinic receptor 3 (M3) mRNA level (P < 0.05), increased the content of neuropeptide fish substance P (P < 0.05), improved antioxidant capacity by activating the Keap1a/Nrf2 signaling pathway (P < 0.05), reduced intestinal mucosal permeability (P < 0.05), and increased mRNA levels of tight junction (TJ) and adherent junction AJ-related proteins in fish by inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway (RhoA/ROCK/MLCK/NMII) (P < 0.05). In addition, the appropriate arecoline supplementation for adult grass carp was determined to be 1.20, 1.21, 1.07, and 1.19 mg/kg based on percentage weight gain, lipase activity, serum diamine oxidase, and protein carbonyl, respectively. Overall, to the best of our knowledge, we investigated for the first time the effects and possible mechanisms of dietary arecoline on intestinal digestive and absorptive capacities and structural integrity in fish and evaluated the appropriate level of supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yao
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Weidan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Hongmei Ren
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hequn Shi
- Guangzhou Cohoo Biotech Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510663, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu, 610066, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuwei Li
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu, 610066, Sichuan, China
| | - Caimei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hua Li
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, 611130, China
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10
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Xu M, Wang W, Su S, Li W, Hu X, Zhang J. Arecoline alleviated loperamide induced constipation by regulating gut microbes and the expression of colonic genome. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 264:115423. [PMID: 37666200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of arecoline on constipation by intervening at different times to explore its preventive and therapeutic effects. Symptoms related to constipation, gut microbes, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) content in the cecum, and gene expression in the colon were measured to examine the effect of arecoline on relieving constipation. The results showed that arecoline intervention alleviated loperamide-induced constipation, as evidenced by significantly shortened intestinal transit time, increased fecal water content, improved small bowel propulsion, and increased defecation frequency. In addition, arecoline significantly reduced the levels of gastrointestinal regulatory peptides such as somatostatin and vasoactive intestinal peptide in the serum, thereby regulating intestinal peristalsis. Histopathological analysis showed that arecoline ameliorated intestinal injury caused by constipation. Gut microbial analysis indicated that arecoline altered the taxonomic composition and levels of its metabolite SCFAs in the gut microbiota. Furthermore, the colonic transcriptome results indicated that genes expression related to intestinal diseases were significantly down-regulated by arecoline intervention. In conclusion, the results of the correlation analysis propose a possible mechanism of arecoline in alleviating constipation by modulating the gut microbes and their metabolites and regulating the gut genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shunyong Su
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wanggao Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jiachao Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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11
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Sun Y, Lu J, Li J, Li P, Zhao M, Xia G. Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of polyphenol from Areca nut (Areca catechu L.) seeds using response surface methodology and its effects on osteogenic activity. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 98:106511. [PMID: 37423070 PMCID: PMC10339244 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Areca nut (Areca catechu L.) seeds are rich in polyphenols, while few studies focused on it. This study was designed to obtain the maximum extraction yield of areca nut seed polyphenol (ACP). An ultrasonic-assisted extraction method optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) was established to extract ACP. Under the optimal conditions (ultrasonic power of 87 W, ethanol concentration of 65%, extraction temperature of 62℃, and extraction time of 153 min), the actual extraction yield of ACP was 139.62 mg/g. Then we investigated the effects of ACP on the proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts. Results suggested that ACP notably promoted the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells without cytotoxicity, and the contents of collagen type Ⅰ (COL-Ⅰ) and osteocalcin (OCN) were rising. Meanwhile, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralized nodules were enhanced. These findings demonstrated that ACP could induce the proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts in vitro. This work provided a certain experimental basis for the developing and utilization of polyphenols from Areca nut seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Jinfeng Lu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Meihui Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Guanghua Xia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Hainan 570228, China.
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12
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Xu M, Su S, Jiang S, Li W, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Hu X. Short-term arecoline exposure affected the systemic health state of mice, in which gut microbes played an important role. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 259:115055. [PMID: 37224782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Arecoline is a critical bioactive component in areca nuts with toxicity and pharmacological activities. However, its effects on body health remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of arecoline on physiologic and biochemical parameters in mouse serum, liver, brain, and intestine. The effect of arecoline on gut microbiota was investigated based on shotgun metagenomic sequencing. The results showed that arecoline promoted lipid metabolism in mice, manifested as significantly reduced serum TC and TG and liver TC levels and a reduction in abdominal fat accumulation. Arecoline intake significantly modulated the neurotransmitters 5-HT and NE levels in the brain. Notably, arecoline intervention significantly increased serum IL-6 and LPS levels, leading to inflammation in the body. High-dose arecoline significantly reduced liver GSH levels and increased MDA levels, which led to oxidative stress in the liver. Arecoline intake promoted the release of intestinal IL-6 and IL-1β, causing intestinal injury. In addition, we observed a significant response of gut microbiota to arecoline intake, reflecting significant changes in diversity and function of the gut microbes. Further mechanistic exploration suggested that arecoline intake can regulate gut microbes and ultimately affect the host's health. This study provided technical help for the pharmacochemical application and toxicity control of arecoline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, School of public administration, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shunyong Su
- School of Food Science and Engineering, School of public administration, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shuaiming Jiang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, School of public administration, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wanggao Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, School of public administration, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zeng Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, School of public administration, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jiachao Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, School of public administration, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, School of public administration, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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13
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Hagen EH, Blackwell AD, Lightner AD, Sullivan RJ. Homo medicus: The transition to meat eating increased pathogen pressure and the use of pharmacological plants in Homo. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2023; 180:589-617. [PMID: 36815505 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The human lineage transitioned to a more carnivorous niche 2.6 mya and evolved a large body size and slower life history, which likely increased zoonotic pathogen pressure. Evidence for this increase includes increased zoonotic infections in modern hunter-gatherers and bushmeat hunters, exceptionally low stomach pH compared to other primates, and divergence in immune-related genes. These all point to change, and probably intensification, in the infectious disease environment of Homo compared to earlier hominins and other apes. At the same time, the brain, an organ in which immune responses are constrained, began to triple in size. We propose that the combination of increased zoonotic pathogen pressure and the challenges of defending a large brain and body from pathogens in a long-lived mammal, selected for intensification of the plant-based self-medication strategies already in place in apes and other primates. In support, there is evidence of medicinal plant use by hominins in the middle Paleolithic, and all cultures today have sophisticated, plant-based medical systems, add spices to food, and regularly consume psychoactive plant substances that are harmful to helminths and other pathogens. We propose that the computational challenges of discovering effective plant-based treatments, the consequent ability to consume more energy-rich animal foods, and the reduced reliance on energetically-costly immune responses helped select for increased cognitive abilities and unique exchange relationships in Homo. In the story of human evolution, which has long emphasized hunting skills, medical skills had an equal role to play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward H Hagen
- Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Aaron D Blackwell
- Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Aaron D Lightner
- Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
- Department of the Study of Religion, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Roger J Sullivan
- Department of Anthropology, California State University, Sacramento, California, USA
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14
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Huang HH, You GR, Tang SJ, Chang JT, Cheng AJ. Molecular Signature of Long Non-Coding RNA Associated with Areca Nut-Induced Head and Neck Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060873. [PMID: 36980216 PMCID: PMC10047708 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The areca nut is a high-risk carcinogen for head and neck cancer (HNC) patients in Southeast Asia. The underlying molecular mechanism of areca nut-induced HNC remains unclear, especially regarding the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). This study employed a systemic strategy to identify lncRNA signatures related to areca nut-induced HNC. In total, 84 cancer-related lncRNAs were identified. Using a PCR array method, 28 lncRNAs were identified as being dysregulated in HNC cells treated with areca nut (17 upregulated and 11 downregulated). Using bioinformatics analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas Head-Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (TCGA-HNSC) dataset, 45 lncRNAs were differentially expressed in tumor tissues from HNC patients (39 over- and 6 under-expressions). The integrated evaluation showed 10 lncRNAs dysregulated by the areca nut and altered expression in patients, suggesting that these panel molecules participate in areca nut-induced HNC. Five oncogenic (LUCAT1, MIR31HG, UCA1, HIF1A-AS2, and SUMO1P3) and tumor-suppressive (LINC00312) lncRNAs were independently validated, and three key molecules were further examined. Pathway prediction revealed that LUCAT1, UCA1, and MIR31HG modulate multiple oncogenic mechanisms, including stress response and cellular motility. Clinical assessment showed that these lncRNAs exhibited biomarker potentials in diagnosis (area under the curve = 0.815 for LUCAT1) and a worse prognosis (both p < 0.05, survival analysis). Cellular studies further demonstrated that MIR31HG facilitates areca nut-induced cancer progression, as silencing this molecule attenuated arecoline-induced invasion ability in HNC cells. This study identified lncRNA signatures that play a role in areca nut-induced HNC. These molecules may be further applied in risk assessment, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics for areca nut-associated malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Han Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Rung You
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ju Tang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Joseph T. Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Proton Therapy Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.T.C.); (A.-J.C.); Tel.: +886-3-328-1200 (J.T.C.); +886-3-2118-800 (A.-J.C.)
| | - Ann-Joy Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Proton Therapy Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.T.C.); (A.-J.C.); Tel.: +886-3-328-1200 (J.T.C.); +886-3-2118-800 (A.-J.C.)
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15
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Camci M, Karali N. Bioisosterism: 1,2,4-Oxadiazole Rings. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202200638. [PMID: 36772857 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Although studies in drug discovery have gained momentum in recent years, the conversion of drugs in use today into less toxic derivatives with pharmacologically superior properties is still of great importance in drug research. Bioisosterism facilitates the conversion of drugs into derivatives that present more positive pharmacological and toxicological profiles by changing existing groups in the drug structure within the framework of certain criteria that have been expanded today. The 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring is used as a bioisostere for ester and amide groups due to its resistance to hydrolysis. However, this ring is not limited to esters and amides, but can also be used as a bioisostere for other functional groups. In this review, cases in which the 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring is used as a bioisostere for various functional groups are discussed. Herein we shed light on 1,2,4-oxadiazole bioisosterism in the development of new drug candidates and in enhancing the pharmacological profiles of currently available drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Camci
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 34134 Beyazıt, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nilgün Karali
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 34134 Beyazıt, Istanbul, Turkey
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16
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Guo ZX, Zhang Z, Yan JF, Xu HQ, Wang SY, Ye T, Han XX, Wang WR, Wang Y, Gao JL, Niu LN, Chang J, Jiao K. A biomaterial-based therapy using a sodium hyaluronate/bioglass composite hydrogel for the treatment of oral submucous fibrosis. Acta Biomater 2023; 157:639-654. [PMID: 36509401 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic, inflammatory and potentially malignant oral disorder. Its pathophysiology is extremely complex, including excessive collagen deposition, massive inflammatory infiltration, and capillary atrophy. However, the existing clinical treatment methods do not fully take into account all the pathophysiological processes of OSF, so they are generally low effective and have many side effects. In the present study, we developed an injectable sodium hyaluronate/45S5 bioglass composite hydrogel (BG/HA), which significantly relieved mucosal pallor and restricted mouth opening in OSF rats without any obvious side effects. The core mechanism of BG/HA in the treatment of OSF is the release of biologically active silicate ions, which inhibit collagen deposition and inflammation, and promote angiogenesis and epithelial regeneration. Most interestingly, silicate ions can overall regulate the physiological environment of OSF by down-regulating α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and CD68 and up-regulating CD31 expression, as well as regulating the expression of pro-fibrotic factors [transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1)] and anti-fibrotic factors [interleukin-1β (IL-1β)] in macrophage. In conclusion, our study shows that BG/HA has great potential in the clinical treatment of OSF, which provides an important theoretical basis for the subsequent development of new anti-fibrotic clinical preparations. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: : Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic, inflammatory and potentially malignant mucosal disease with significant impact on the quality of patients' life. However, the existing clinical treatments have limited efficacy and many side effects. There is an urgent need for development of specific drugs for OSF treatment. In the present study, bioglass (BG) composited with sodium hyaluronate solution (HA) was used to treat OSF in an arecoline-induced rat model. BG/HA can significantly inhibit collagen deposition, regulate inflammatory response, promote angiogenesis and repair damaged mucosal epithelial cells, and thereby mitigate the development of fibrosis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Xing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Zhaowenbin Zhang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Jian-Fei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Hao-Qing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Shu-Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Tao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Han
- The College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Wan-Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jia-Lu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Li-Na Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Jiang Chang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
| | - Kai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
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17
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Rani N, Singh R, Kumar P, Sharma P, Kaur R, Arora R, Singh TG. Alkaloids as Potential Anti-HIV Agents. Curr HIV Res 2023; 21:240-247. [PMID: 37291776 DOI: 10.2174/1570162x21666230608114130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alkaloids are nitrogen-containing compounds that are naturally occurring and have a variety of biological activities, including antimicrobial properties. In this study, the authors used a molecular docking approach to evaluate the anti-HIV potential of 64 alkaloids. METHODS The authors used the Molegro Virtual Docker software to dock the alkaloids into the active sites of three HIV enzymes: protease, integrase, and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (NNRT). The docking scores were used to assess the potential of the alkaloids to inhibit the enzymes. RESULTS The results showed the alkaloids to have good potential to inhibit the enzymes. Tubocurarine and reserpine were found to be the most potent alkaloids, with docking scores of -123.776 and - 114.956, respectively. CONCLUSION The authors concluded that tubocurarine and reserpine could be further promoted as potential lead molecules for the development of new anti-HIV drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Rani
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Randhir Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University, Bathinda, India
| | - Praveen Kumar
- SunPharma, Hill Top Area, Vill. Bhatolikalan, P.O.Barotiwala, Distt.Solan, Himachal Pardesh, 174103, India
| | - Prerna Sharma
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, India
| | - Rajwinder Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Rashmi Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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18
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Kong D, Wang G, Tang Y, Guo M, Ul Haq Khan Z, Guo Y, Gu W, Ma Y, Sui M, Li J, Yang M. Potential health risk of areca nut consumption: Hazardous effect of toxic alkaloids and aflatoxins on human digestive system. Food Res Int 2022; 162:112012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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19
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Chen L, Yuan F, Chen S, Li X, Kong L, Zhang W. Potential Role of Host Microbiome in Areca Nut-Associated Carcinogenesis and Addiction. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238171. [PMID: 36500264 PMCID: PMC9739811 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Areca nut (AN) is widely consumed all over the world, bringing great harm to human health and economy. Individuals with AN chewing are at high risk of cardiovascular disease and impaired immune system and metabolic system. Despite a growing number of studies having reported on the adverse effects brought by AN chewing, the exact mechanism of it is limited and the need for additional exploration remains. In recent years, the interaction between microorganisms, especially intestinal microorganism and host, has been extensively studied. AN chewing might disrupt the oral and intestinal microbiota communities through direct connect with the microbes it contains, altering PH, oxygen of oral and intestinal microenvironment, and disturbing the immune homeostasis. These mechanisms provide insights into the interplay between areca nut and host microbiota. Emerging studies have proposed that bidirectional interaction between polyphenols and intestinal microbes might play a potential role in the divergence of polyphenol, extracted from AN, among individuals with or without AN-induced cancer development and progression. Although some AN chewers have been aware of the harmful effects brought by AN, they cannot abolish this habit because of the addiction of AN. Increasing studies have tried to revealed that gut microbiota might influence the onset/development of addictive behaviors. Altogether, this review summarizes the possible reasons for the disturbance of host microbiota caused by areca nut chewing and clarifies the complex interaction between human microbiome and major constituents and the addiction and carcinogenicity of AN, tempting to provide novel insights into the development and utilization of it, and to control the adverse consequences caused by AN chewing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Fulai Yuan
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Sifang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Xiong Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Lingyu Kong
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Correspondence: (L.K.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, China
- Correspondence: (L.K.); (W.Z.)
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20
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Siregar P, Audira G, Castillo AL, Roldan MJM, Suryanto ME, Liu RX, Lin YT, Lai YH, Hsiao CD. Comparison of the psychoactive activity of four primary Areca nut alkaloids in zebrafish by behavioral approach and molecular docking. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113809. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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21
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Lin B, Xu P, Zheng J, Deng X, Ye Q, Huang Z, Wang N. Effects and mechanisms of natural alkaloids for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1014173. [PMID: 36210805 PMCID: PMC9539536 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1014173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural alkaloids are polycyclic, nitrogen-containing, and basic compounds obtained from plants. In this review, the advances in bioactive alkaloids with respect to their chemical structures, herbal sources, and effects for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis are discussed. Anti-osteoporosis alkaloids are classified into six categories based on the chemical structure, namely, isoquinoline alkaloids, quinolizidine alkaloids, piperidine alkaloids, indole alkaloids, pyrrolizidine alkaloids and steroidal alkaloids. They promote mesenchymal stem cells differentiation, improve osteoblast proliferation, stimulate osteoblast autophagy and suppress osteoclast formation. These natural alkaloids can regulate multiple signaling pathways, including interrupting the tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6- receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B interaction, inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa B pathway in osteoclasts, activating the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases pathway in osteoblasts, and triggering the wingless and int-1 pathway in mesenchymal stem cells. This review provides evidence and support for novel drug and clinical treatment of osteoporosis using natural alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingfeng Lin
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pingcui Xu
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Zheng
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuehui Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qitao Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongping Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nani Wang
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Nani Wang,
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22
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Liu X, Jiang L, Zhang Q, Zhao Z, Zhang H. Arecoline and arecaidine lixiviation in areca nut blanching: Liquid chromatography‐ion trap‐time of flight hybrid mass spectrometry determination and kinetic modeling. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering Hainan University Haikou China
- Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical Polysaccharide Resources Hainan University Haikou China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Active Substance and Functional Food Development Hainan University Haikou China
| | - Lian Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Hainan University Haikou China
- Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical Polysaccharide Resources Hainan University Haikou China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Active Substance and Functional Food Development Hainan University Haikou China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Hainan University Haikou China
- Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical Polysaccharide Resources Hainan University Haikou China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Active Substance and Functional Food Development Hainan University Haikou China
| | - Zhendong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering Hainan University Haikou China
- Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical Polysaccharide Resources Hainan University Haikou China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Active Substance and Functional Food Development Hainan University Haikou China
- Analytical and Testing Center Hainan University Haikou China
| | - Haide Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Hainan University Haikou China
- Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical Polysaccharide Resources Hainan University Haikou China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Active Substance and Functional Food Development Hainan University Haikou China
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23
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Lan Q, Guan P, Huang C, Huang S, Zhou P, Zhang C. Arecoline Induces an Excitatory Response in Ventral Tegmental Area Dopaminergic Neurons in Anesthetized Rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:872212. [PMID: 35548350 PMCID: PMC9081529 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.872212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Arecoline is the principle psychoactive alkaloid in areca nuts. Areca nuts are chewable seeds of Areca catechu L., which are epidemic plants that grow in tropical and subtropical countries and cause dependency after long-term use. However, the mechanisms underlying such dependency remain largely unclear, and therefore, no effective interventions for its cessation have been developed. The present study aimed to examine the effects of arecoline on neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA). After rats were anesthetized and craniotomized, electrophysiological electrodes were lowered into the VTA to obtain extracellular recordings. The mean firing rate of dopaminergic and GABAergic neurons were then calculated and analyzed before and after arecoline treatment. The burst characteristics of the dopaminergic neurons were also analyzed. The results showed that arecoline evoked a significant enhancement of the firing rate of dopaminergic neurons, but not GABAergic neurons. Moreover, arecoline evoked remarkable burst firings in the dopaminergic neurons, including an increase in the burst rate, elongation in the burst duration, and an enhancement in the number of spikes per burst. Collectively, the findings revealed that arecoline significantly excited VTA dopaminergic neurons, which may be a mechanism underlying areca nut dependency and a potential target for areca nut cessation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghui Lan
- School of Educational Sciences, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Peiqing Guan
- School of Educational Sciences, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chunzheng Huang
- School of Educational Sciences, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shile Huang
- Western Guangdong Characteristic Biology and Medicine Engineering and Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Peiling Zhou
- School of Educational Sciences, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Changzheng Zhang, ; Peiling Zhou,
| | - Changzheng Zhang
- School of Educational Sciences, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Changzheng Zhang, ; Peiling Zhou,
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24
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Chu M, Fu G, Deng J, Wang R, Fan Q, Chen Z, Lu J, Liu XA. Evaluation of the inhalation toxicity of arecoline benzoate aerosol in rats. J Appl Toxicol 2022; 42:1396-1410. [PMID: 35170056 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Arecoline is a pharmacologically active alkaloid isolated from Areca catechu. There are no published data available regarding the inhalation toxicity of arecoline in animals. This study aimed to evaluate the inhalation toxicity of arecoline in vitro and in vivo. For this purpose, arecoline benzoate (ABA) salt was prepared to stabilize arecoline in an aerosol. The MTT assay determined the half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of ABA and arecoline in A549 cell proliferation to be 832 μg/ml and 412 μg/ml, respectively. The toxicity of acute and subacute inhalation in Sprague-Dawley rats was evaluated using the guidelines of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. For acute inhalation, the median lethal concentration value of ABA solvent was >5175 mg/m3 . After the exposure and during the recovery period, no treatment-related clinical signs were observed. In the 28-Day inhalation toxicity test, daily nose-only exposure to 2510 mg/m3 aerosol of the ABA solvent contained 75 mg/m3 ABA for male rats and 375 mg/m3 ABA for female rats, which caused no observed adverse effects, except for the decreased body weight gain in male rats exposed to 375 mg/m3 ABA. In this study, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for the 28-Day repeated dose inhalation of ABA aerosol was calculated to be around 13 mg/kg/day for male rats and 68.8 mg/kg/day for female rats, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chu
- Laboratory of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen First Union Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guofeng Fu
- Laboratory of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen First Union Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China.,Laboratory of Life Sciences, Shenzhen Icybetel Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingjing Deng
- Laboratory of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen First Union Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruoxi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiming Fan
- GuangdongZhongkeEnHealth Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Foshan, China
| | - Zuxin Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction, Shenzhen Neher Neural Plasticity Laboratory, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Lu
- Laboratory of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen First Union Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China.,Laboratory of Life Sciences, Shenzhen Icybetel Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin-An Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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25
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Wang Y, Ding M, Ma H, Wu J, Zhao H, Wan Y. Development of a specific monoclonal antibody-based icELISA for detection of arecoline in traditional Chinese medicines and fresh areca nuts. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2021.2025347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengying Ding
- Hainan State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilization, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huaqing Ma
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiao Wu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- Center for tropical eco-environment restoration engineering of Hainnan Province, College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinglang Wan
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, People’s Republic of China
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26
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Bozhko DV, Myrov VO, Kolchanova SM, Polovian AI, Galumov GK, Demin KA, Zabegalov KN, Strekalova T, de Abreu MS, Petersen EV, Kalueff AV. Artificial intelligence-driven phenotyping of zebrafish psychoactive drug responses. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 112:110405. [PMID: 34320403 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are rapidly emerging in biomedicine as promising tools for disease modelling and drug discovery. The use of zebrafish for neuroscience research is also growing rapidly, necessitating novel reliable and unbiased methods of neurophenotypic data collection and analyses. Here, we applied the artificial intelligence (AI) neural network-based algorithms to a large dataset of adult zebrafish locomotor tracks collected previously in a series of in vivo experiments with multiple established psychotropic drugs. We first trained AI to recognize various drugs from a wide range of psychotropic agents tested, and then confirmed prediction accuracy of trained AI by comparing several agents with known similar behavioral and pharmacological profiles. Presenting a framework for innovative neurophenotyping, this proof-of-concept study aims to improve AI-driven movement pattern classification in zebrafish, thereby fostering drug discovery and development utilizing this key model organism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Konstantin A Demin
- Institite of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; Almazov National Medical Research Center, St. Petersburg, Russia; Neurobiology Program, Sirius University, Sochi, Russia
| | - Konstantin N Zabegalov
- Institite of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia; Neurobiology Program, Sirius University, Sochi, Russia; Group of Preclinical Bioscreening, Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Pesochny, Russia
| | - Tatiana Strekalova
- Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands; Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Murilo S de Abreu
- Bioscience Institute, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | | | - Allan V Kalueff
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia; ZENEREI, LLC, Slidell, LA, USA; Group of Preclinical Bioscreening, Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Pesochny, Russia.
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Volatiles Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of Areca Nut Extracts Obtained by Simultaneous Distillation-Extraction and Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247422. [PMID: 34946508 PMCID: PMC8706666 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The volatile components of areca nuts were isolated by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME, DVB/CAR/PDMS fiber extraction) and simultaneous hydrodistillation-extraction (SHDE) and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Furthermore, all SHDE fractions were tested for antimicrobial activity using the disk diffusion method on nine Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus canis, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Candida albicans). In total, 98 compounds (mainly alcohols, carbonyl compounds, fatty acids, esters, terpenes, terpenoids, and aliphatic hydrocarbons) were identified in SHDE fractions and by using SPME extraction Fatty acids were the main group of volatile constituents detected in all types of extracts. The microorganism most sensitive to the extract of the areca nut was Streptococcus canis. The results can provide essential information for the application of different treatments of areca nuts in the canning industry or as natural antibiotics.
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28
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Wu J, Cui C, Zhang H, Liu D, Schreiber L, Qin W, Wan Y. Identifying new compounds with potential pharmaceutical and physiological activity in Areca catechu and Areca triandra via a non-targeted metabolomic approach. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:970-981. [PMID: 33619832 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The fruits of Areca catechu, also called areca nuts, are widely used as popular masticatory and traditional herbal medicine in Asia. Besides arecoline and related alkaloids, limited information is available about further primary and secondary metabolites and their potential biological activities. OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to further enhance our knowledge on phytochemical profiles of A. catechu and Areca triandra fruits. We intended to comprehensively identify metabolites in A. catechu and A. triandra fruits. METHODOLOGY Metabolites were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The occurrence of 12 selected bioactive compounds in 4 different developmental stages of A. catechu and A. triandra was quantified by LC-MS/MS. RESULTS A total of 791 metabolites was identified. Of these, 115 metabolites could successfully be mapped to 44 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes metabolic pathways, and 154 metabolites occurred at significantly different levels in A. catechu compared to A. triandra. Several components with known biological activities were identified for the first time in A. catechu and A. triandra. The abundance of many of these new components was similar in A. catechu and A. triandra, but significantly different between the pericarp and the seeds of A. catechu fruits. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic profiles indicate that fruits of the Areca species compared here have similar primary and secondary metabolites. Our findings provide new insights into A. catechu and A. triandra as valuable sources for traditional medicine and they pave the way for further studies to potentially improve the underlying pharmaceutical and physiological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Chuang Cui
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - He Zhang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571737, China
| | - Dongjun Liu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Lukas Schreiber
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D53115, Germany
| | - Weiquan Qin
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Wenchang, Hainan, 571339, China
| | - Yinglang Wan
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
- Huachuang Institute of Areca Research-Hainan, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
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29
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Huang CH, Geng JH, Wu DW, Chen SC, Hung CH, Kuo CH. Betel Nut Chewing Was Associated with Obstructive Lung Disease in a Large Taiwanese Population Study. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11100973. [PMID: 34683114 PMCID: PMC8537851 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11100973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of betel nut chewing in Taiwan is high at approximately 7%, however, few studies have evaluated the relationship between betel nut chewing and lung disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate associations between betel nut chewing and lung function in 80,877 participants in the Taiwan Biobank (TWB). We further investigated correlations between betel nut chewing characteristics such as years of use, frequency, daily amount, and accumulative dose, with obstructive lung disease. We used data from the TWB. Lung function was assessed using spirometry measurements of forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). The participants were classified into normal lung function and obstructive lung function (FEV1/FVC < 70%) groups. The participants were asked questions about betel nut chewing, including years of use, frequency, and daily amount. After multivariable analysis, betel nut chewing (odds ratio [OR] = 1.159; p < 0.001) was significantly associated with FEV1/FVC < 70% in all participants (n = 80,877). Further, in the participants who chewed betel nut (n = 5135), a long duration of betel nut chewing (per 1 year; OR = 1.008; p = 0.012), betel nut use every day (vs. 1–3 days/month; OR = 1.793; p = 0.036), 10–20 quids a day (vs. <10 quids; OR = 1.404; p = 0.019), 21–30 quids a day (vs. <10 quids; OR = 1.662; p = 0.010), ≥31 quids a day (vs. <10 quids; OR = 1.717; p = 0.003), and high cumulative dose (per 1 year × frequency × daily score; OR = 1.001; p = 0.002) were significantly associated with FEV1/FVC < 70%. In this large population-based cohort study, chewing betel nut was associated with obstructive lung disease. Furthermore, a long duration of betel nut chewing, more frequent use, higher daily amount, and high cumulative dose were associated with obstructive lung disease. This suggests that preventing betel nut chewing should be considered to reduce obstructive lung disease in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Hsin Huang
- Department of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Jiun-Hung Geng
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan;
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Da-Wei Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482, Shan-Ming Road, Hsiao-Kang District, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (D.-W.W.); (C.-H.K.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chia Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482, Shan-Ming Road, Hsiao-Kang District, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (D.-W.W.); (C.-H.K.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-8036-783 (ext. 3440); Fax: +886-7-8063-346
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482, Shan-Ming Road, Hsiao-Kang District, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan; (D.-W.W.); (C.-H.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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30
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Yuan F, Yu J, Liao G, Li J, Long T, Li Y, Chen D, Dai Q, Zhu X, Hu S, Qian Z. 18 F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography metabolic pattern assessment in the brain of betel quid dependent individuals. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e13043. [PMID: 33908137 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to identify the metabolic pattern in the brains of betel quid dependent (BQD) individuals using 18 F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (18 F-FDG-PET). A total of 42 individuals (16 BQD individuals and 26 healthy controls, HCs) enrolled at the Department of Nuclear Medicine of Xiangya Hospital underwent brain 18 F-FDG-PET. Group comparisons using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) were performed to identify the 18 F-FDG-PET patterns. Standardized uptake value ratios of anterior cingulate, frontal, thalamus, parietal, occipital, temporal and cerebellum were calculated by SPM. The characteristics of abnormal metabolism in brain regions were quantified using the xjView toolbox, and a 3-D brain map was drawn using BrainNet Viewer. We found significant metabolic reduction in the bilateral middle prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the left orbital frontal gyrus (OFC). In contrast, hypermetabolism was observed in the inferior cerebellum, fusiform, superior cerebellum, parahippocampal, vermis, lingual and thalamus. However, we found no significant difference between the BQD and HC group in the anterior cingulate, thalamus, cerebellum and frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes. In summary, we found abnormal 18 F-FDG-PET metabolic pattern in BQD individuals, and this pattern may help the treatment of BQD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulai Yuan
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, XiangYa Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Guang Liao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, XiangYa Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, XiangYa Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Tingting Long
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, XiangYa Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Yulai Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, XiangYa Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Dengming Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, XiangYa Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Qionghai Dai
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Xueling Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Shuo Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, XiangYa Hospital Central South University Changsha China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Nanotechnology of National Health Commission Changsha China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (XIANGYA) Changsha China
| | - Zhaoxin Qian
- Department of Emergency, XiangYa Hospital Central South University Changsha China
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Huang H, Wang T, Han S, Bai Y, Li X. Occurrence of areca alkaloids in wastewater of major Chinese cities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 783:146961. [PMID: 33872910 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Areca nut is a widely used psychoactive product that can cause multiple health problems, such as oral and pharyngeal cancers. Therefore, it is important to estimate areca nut use and the exposure levels of areca alkaloids that are responsible for its health effects. China is a major producer of areca nut and has a large number of areca nut chewers. In this study, occurrence of areca alkaloids and metabolites in wastewater of major cities across China was examined via wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). Arecoline, arecaidine, and their metabolite, N-methylnipecotic acid (NMNA) were detected in the overwhelming majority of wastewater samples, with concentrations up to several μg/L. In contrast, guvacoline was only occasionally detected and guvacine was below detection limit in all samples, possibly due to their low contents in areca nut products, low excretion rates, and/or low stability in sewer systems. Strong positive correlations existed between arecoline, arecaidine, and NMNA concentrations. In addition, their loads were much higher in Central and Southern China. This geographic pattern is consistent with previous survey results on prevalence of areca nut chewing. These results indicate that WBE is a potentially useful method to monitor areca nut consumption and to estimate the exposure levels of areca alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Huang
- Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, PR China
| | - Sheng Han
- Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, PR China
| | - Ya Bai
- Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiqing Li
- Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, PR China.
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Chen X, He Y, Deng Y. Chemical Composition, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Effects of Betel Nut. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:1808081. [PMID: 34457017 PMCID: PMC8387188 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1808081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Betel nut, the fruit of Areca catechu L, has a long medical history in Southeast Asia. It is native to Malaysia and is cultivated and processed extensively in subtropical regions, such as South China and India. Betel nut almost appears as a "snack" in various occasions in most parts of China. Clinically, betel nut can play a certain pharmacology role and was used in malaria, ascariasis, arthritis, enterozoic abdominalgia, stagnation of food, diarrhea, edema, and beriberi. The nervous excitement of betel nut chewing has made it gradually become popular. However, chewing betel nut can induce oral submucosal fibrosis (OSF) and oral cancer (OC). At the same time, long-term chewing of betel nut also causes inhaled asthma, sperm reducing, betel quid dependence (BQD), and uterine and esophageal cancers. The main components of processed betel nut are the goal of this review. This study will mainly start from the pharmacological activity and toxicology study of betel nut in recent years, aiming to seek its advantages and disadvantages. In the meantime, this study will analyze and emphasize that betel nut and arecoline are the high-risk factors for oral cancer, which should arouse attention and vigilance of the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yongzhi He
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yanru Deng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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de Abreu MS, Costa F, Giacomini ACVV, Demin KA, Petersen EV, Rosemberg DB, Kalueff AV. Exploring CNS effects of American traditional medicines using zebrafish models. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 20:550-559. [PMID: 34254921 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210712153329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although American traditional medicine (ATM) has been practiced for millennia, its complex multi-target mechanisms of therapeutic action remain poorly understood. Animal models are widely used to elucidate the therapeutic effects of various ATMs, including their modulation of brain and behavior. Complementing rodent models, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a promising novel organism in translational neuroscience and neuropharmacology research. Here, we emphasize the growing value of zebrafish for testing neurotropic effects of ATMs and outline future directions of research in this field. We also demonstrate the developing utility of zebrafish as complementary models for probing CNS mechanisms of ATM action and their potential to treat brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo S de Abreu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Neurobiology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Fabiano Costa
- Toxicological Biochemistry, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Ana C V V Giacomini
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Neurobiology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Elena V Petersen
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Neurobiology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Denis B Rosemberg
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA, United States
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Di Dalmazi G, Giuliani C. Plant constituents and thyroid: A revision of the main phytochemicals that interfere with thyroid function. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 152:112158. [PMID: 33789121 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In the past few decades, there has been a lot of interest in plant constituents for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-proliferative properties. However, concerns have been raised on their potential toxic effects particularly when consumed at high dose. The anti-thyroid effects of some plant constituents have been known for some time. Indeed, epidemiological observations have shown the causal association between staple food based on brassicaceae or soybeans and the development of goiter and/or hypothyroidism. Herein, we review the main plant constituents that interfere with normal thyroid function such as cyanogenic glucosides, polyphenols, phenolic acids, and alkaloids. In detail, we summarize the in vitro and in vivo studies present in the literature, focusing on the compounds that are more abundant in foods or that are available as dietary supplements. We highlight the mechanism of action of these compounds on thyroid cells by giving a particular emphasis to the experimental studies that can be significant for human health. Furthermore, we reveal that the anti-thyroid effects of these plant constituents are clinically evident only when they are consumed in very large amounts or when their ingestion is associated with other conditions that impair thyroid function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Di Dalmazi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST) and Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy; Department of Medicine and Aging Science, Translational Medicine PhD Program, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Cesidio Giuliani
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST) and Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
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de Abreu MS, Giacomini ACVV, Demin KA, Galstyan DS, Zabegalov KN, Kolesnikova TO, Amstislavskaya TG, Strekalova T, Petersen EV, Kalueff AV. Unconventional anxiety pharmacology in zebrafish: Drugs beyond traditional anxiogenic and anxiolytic spectra. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2021; 207:173205. [PMID: 33991579 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2021.173205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety is the most prevalent brain disorder and a common cause of human disability. Animal models are critical for understanding anxiety pathogenesis and its pharmacotherapy. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is increasingly utilized as a powerful model organism in anxiety research and anxiolytic drug screening. High similarity between human, rodent and zebrafish molecular targets implies shared signaling pathways involved in anxiety pathogenesis. However, mounting evidence shows that zebrafish behavior can be modulated by drugs beyond conventional anxiolytics or anxiogenics. Furthermore, these effects may differ from human and/or rodent responses, as such 'unconventional' drugs may affect zebrafish behavior despite having no such profiles (or exerting opposite effects) in humans or rodents. Here, we discuss the effects of several putative unconventional anxiotropic drugs (aspirin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), nicotine, naloxone and naltrexone) and their potential mechanisms of action in zebrafish. Emphasizing the growing utility of zebrafish models in CNS drug discovery, such unconventional anxiety pharmacology may provide important, evolutionarily relevant insights into complex regulation of anxiety in biological systems. Albeit seemingly complicating direct translation from zebrafish into clinical phenotypes, this knowledge may instead foster the development of novel CNS drugs, eventually facilitating innovative treatment of patients based on novel 'unconventional' targets identified in fish models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo S de Abreu
- Bioscience Institute, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil; Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Neurobiology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia; The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA, USA.
| | - Ana C V V Giacomini
- Bioscience Institute, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Konstantin A Demin
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov Medical Research Center, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - David S Galstyan
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov Medical Research Center, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia; Granov Scientific Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Konstantin N Zabegalov
- Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia; Neurobiology Program, Sirius University, Sochi, Russia
| | - Tatyana O Kolesnikova
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; School of Chemistry, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia; Neurobiology Program, Sirius University, Sochi, Russia
| | - Tamara G Amstislavskaya
- Scientific Research Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Tatyana Strekalova
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands; Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov 1st Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia; Department of Preventive Medicine, Maastricht Medical Center Annadal, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Elena V Petersen
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Neurobiology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; School of Chemistry, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia; Neurobiology Program, Sirius University, Sochi, Russia.
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Wang D, Hu G, Wang J, Yan D, Wang M, Yang L, Serikuly N, Alpyshov E, Demin KA, Galstyan DS, Amstislavskaya TG, de Abreu MS, Kalueff AV. Studying CNS effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine using zebrafish models. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 267:113383. [PMID: 32918992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Although Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a millennia-long history of treating human brain disorders, its complex multi-target mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Animal models are currently widely used to probe the effects of various TCMs on brain and behavior. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has recently emerged as a novel vertebrate model organism for neuroscience research, and is increasingly applied for CNS drug screening and development. AIM OF THE STUDY As zebrafish models are only beginning to be applied to studying TCM, we aim to provide a comprehensive review of the TCM effects on brain and behavior in this fish model species. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive search of published literature was conducted using biomedical databases (Web of Science, Pubmed, Sciencedirect, Google Scholar and China National Knowledge Internet, CNKI), with key search words zebrafish, brain, Traditional Chinese Medicine, herbs, CNS, behavior. RESULTS We recognize the developing utility of zebrafish for studying TCM, as well as outline the existing model limitations, problems and challenges, as well as future directions of research in this field. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate the growing value of zebrafish models for studying TCM, aiming to improve our understanding of TCM' therapeutic mechanisms and potential in treating brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guojun Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingtao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongni Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengyao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - LongEn Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nazar Serikuly
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Erik Alpyshov
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Konstantin A Demin
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - David S Galstyan
- Granov Russian Scientific Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia; Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Neurobiology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tamara G Amstislavskaya
- Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia; Zelman Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Murilo S de Abreu
- Bioscience Institute, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil; Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Neurobiology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
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Serikuly N, Alpyshov ET, Wang D, Wang J, Yang L, Hu G, Yan D, Demin KA, Kolesnikova TO, Galstyan D, Amstislavskaya TG, Babashev AM, Mor MS, Efimova EV, Gainetdinov RR, Strekalova T, de Abreu MS, Song C, Kalueff AV. Effects of acute and chronic arecoline in adult zebrafish: Anxiolytic-like activity, elevated brain monoamines and the potential role of microglia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 104:109977. [PMID: 32454162 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Arecoline is a naturally occurring psychoactive alkaloid with partial agonism at nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Arecoline consumption is widespread, making it the fourth (after alcohol, nicotine and caffeine) most used substance by humans. However, the mechanisms of acute and chronic action of arecoline in-vivo remain poorly understood. Animal models are a valuable tool for CNS disease modeling and drug screening. Complementing rodent studies, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) emerges as a promising novel model organism for neuroscience research. Here, we assessed the effects of acute and chronic arecoline on adult zebrafish behavior and physiology. Overall, acute and chronic arecoline treatments produced overt anxiolytic-like behavior (without affecting general locomotor activity and whole-body cortisol levels), with similar effects also caused by areca nut water extracts. Acute arecoline at 10 mg/L disrupted shoaling, increased social preference, elevated brain norepinephrine and serotonin levels and reduced serotonin turnover. Acute arecoline also upregulated early protooncogenes c-fos and c-jun in the brain, whereas chronic treatment with 1 mg/L elevated brain expression of microglia-specific biomarker genes egr2 and ym1 (thus, implicating microglial mechanisms in potential effects of long-term arecoline use). Finally, acute 2-h discontinuation of chronic arecoline treatment evoked withdrawal-like anxiogenic behavior in zebrafish. In general, these findings support high sensitivity of zebrafish screens to arecoline and related compounds, and reinforce the growing utility of zebrafish for probing molecular mechanisms of CNS drugs. Our study also suggests that novel anxiolytic drugs can eventually be developed based on arecoline-like molecules, whose integrative mechanisms of CNS action may involve monoaminergic and neuro-immune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazar Serikuly
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - DongMei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - JingTao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - LongEn Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - GuoJun Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - DongNi Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Konstantin A Demin
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatyana O Kolesnikova
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - David Galstyan
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | - Mikael S Mor
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Evgeniya V Efimova
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Raul R Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatyana Strekalova
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Murilo S de Abreu
- Bioscience Institute, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Cai Song
- Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
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Genetic toxicology and toxicokinetics of arecoline and related areca nut compounds: an updated review. Arch Toxicol 2020; 95:375-393. [PMID: 33097969 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02926-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Areca nut (AN) is consumed by more than 600 million of individuals, particularly in some regions of South Asia, East Africa, and tropical Pacific, being classified as carcinogenic to humans. The most popular way of exposure consists of chewing a mixture of AN with betel leaf, slaked lime, and other ingredients that may also contain tobacco named betel quid (BQ). Arecoline is the principal active compound of AN, and, therefore, has been systematically studied over the years in several in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity endpoints. However, much of this information is dispersed, justifying the interest of an updated and comprehensive review article on this topic. In this sense, it is thus pertinent to describe and integrate the genetic toxicology data available as well as to address key toxicokinetics aspects of arecoline. This review also provides information on the effects induced by arecoline metabolites and related compounds, including other major AN alkaloids and nitrosation derivatives. The complexity of the chemicals involved renders this issue a challenge in genetic toxicology. Overall, positive results in several endpoints have been reported, some of them suggesting a key role for arecoline metabolites. Nevertheless, some negative genotoxicity findings for this alkaloid in short-term assays have also been reported in the literature. Finally, this article also collates information on the potential mechanisms of arecoline-induced genotoxicity, and suggests further approaches to tackle this important toxicological issue.
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Pharmacology of Herbal Sexual Enhancers: A Review of Psychiatric and Neurological Adverse Effects. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13100309. [PMID: 33066617 PMCID: PMC7602496 DOI: 10.3390/ph13100309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual enhancers increase sexual potency, sexual pleasure, or libido. Substances increasing libido alter the concentrations of specific neurotransmitters or sex hormones in the central nervous system. Interestingly, the same pathways are involved in the mechanisms underlying many psychiatric and neurological disorders, and adverse reactions associated with the use of aphrodisiacs are strongly expected. However, sexual enhancers of plant origin have gained popularity over recent years, as natural substances are often regarded as a safer alternative to modern medications and are easily acquired without prescription. We reviewed the psychiatric and neurological adverse effects associated with the consumption of herbal aphrodisiacs Areca catechu L., Argemone Mexicana L., Citrus aurantium L., Eurycoma longifolia Jack., Lepidium meyenii Walp., Mitragyna speciosa Korth., Panax ginseng C. A. Mey, Panax quinquefolius L., Pausinystalia johimbe (K. Schum.) Pierre ex Beille, Piper methysticum G. Forst., Ptychopetalum olacoides Benth., Sceletium tortuosum (L.) N. E. Brown, Turnera diffusa Willd. ex. Schult., Voacanga africana Stapf ex Scott-Elliot, and Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal. A literature search was conducted on the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases with the aim of identifying all the relevant articles published on the issue up to June 2020. Most of the selected sexual enhancers appeared to be safe at therapeutic doses, although mild to severe adverse effects may occur in cases of overdosing or self-medication with unstandardized products. Drug interactions are more concerning, considering that herbal aphrodisiacs are likely used together with other plant extracts and/or pharmaceuticals. However, few data are available on the side effects of several plants included in this review, and more clinical studies with controlled administrations should be conducted to address this issue.
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A new method for vibration-based neurophenotyping of zebrafish. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 333:108563. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2019.108563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Chemistry, metabolism and pharmacology of carcinogenic alkaloids present in areca nut and factors affecting their concentration. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 110:104548. [PMID: 31805361 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2019.104548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Areca Nut (AN), the seed of tropical palm tree Areca catechu, is a widely chewed natural product with estimated 600 million users across the world. Various AN products, thriving in the market, portray 'Areca nut' or 'Supari' as mouth freshener and safe alternative to smokeless tobacco. Unfortunately, AN is identified as a Group 1 human carcinogen by International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Wide variation in the level of alkaloids, broadly ranging from 2 to 10 mg/gm dry weight, is observed in diverse variety of AN sold worldwide. For the first time, various factors influencing the formation of carcinogenic alkaloids in AN at various stages, including during the growth, processing, and storage of the nut, are discussed. Current review illustrates the mechanism of cancer induction by areca alkaloids in humans and also compiles dose-dependent pharmacology and toxicology data of arecoline, the most potent carcinogenic alkaloid in AN. Careful monitoring of the arecoline content in AN can potentially be used as a tool in product surveillance studies to identify the variations in characteristics of various AN sample sold worldwide. The article will help to generate public awareness and sensitize the government bodies to initiate campaigns against AN use and addiction.
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