1
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Dunning EE, Decourt B, Zawia NH, Shill HA, Sabbagh MN. Pharmacotherapies for the Treatment of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: A Narrative Review. Neurol Ther 2024; 13:975-1013. [PMID: 38743312 PMCID: PMC11263316 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-024-00614-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disorder resulting from the deposition of misfolded and neurotoxic forms of tau protein in specific areas of the midbrain, basal ganglia, and cortex. It is one of the most representative forms of tauopathy. PSP presents in several different phenotypic variations and is often accompanied by the development of concurrent neurodegenerative disorders. PSP is universally fatal, and effective disease-modifying therapies for PSP have not yet been identified. Several tau-targeting treatment modalities, including vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, and microtubule-stabilizing agents, have been investigated and have had no efficacy. The need to treat PSP and other tauopathies is critical, and many clinical trials investigating tau-targeted treatments are underway. In this review, the PubMed database was queried to collect information about preclinical and clinical research on PSP treatment. Additionally, the US National Library of Medicine's ClinicalTrials.gov website was queried to identify past and ongoing clinical trials relevant to PSP treatment. This narrative review summarizes our findings regarding these reports, which include potential disease-modifying drug trials, modifiable risk factor management, and symptom treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise E Dunning
- Creighton University School of Medicine - Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Boris Decourt
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Laboratory on Neurodegeneration and Translational Research, College of Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Nasser H Zawia
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Holly A Shill
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 W Thomas Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Marwan N Sabbagh
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 W Thomas Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA.
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2
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Zhang J, Wang Y. Emerging roles of O-GlcNAcylation in protein trafficking and secretion. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105677. [PMID: 38272225 PMCID: PMC10907171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The emerging roles of O-GlcNAcylation, a distinctive post-translational modification, are increasingly recognized for their involvement in the intricate processes of protein trafficking and secretion. This modification exerts its influence on both conventional and unconventional secretory pathways. Under healthy and stress conditions, such as during diseases, it orchestrates the transport of proteins within cells, ensuring timely delivery to their intended destinations. O-GlcNAcylation occurs on key factors, like coat protein complexes (COPI and COPII), clathrin, SNAREs (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors), and GRASP55 (Golgi reassembly stacking protein of 55 kDa) that control vesicle budding and fusion in anterograde and retrograde trafficking and unconventional secretion. The understanding of O-GlcNAcylation offers valuable insights into its critical functions in cellular physiology and the progression of diseases, including neurodegeneration, cancer, and metabolic disorders. In this review, we summarize and discuss the latest findings elucidating the involvement of O-GlcNAc in protein trafficking and its significance in various human disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchao Zhang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yanzhuang Wang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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3
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Duran-Romaña R, Houben B, De Vleeschouwer M, Louros N, Wilson MP, Matthijs G, Schymkowitz J, Rousseau F. N-glycosylation as a eukaryotic protective mechanism against protein aggregation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk8173. [PMID: 38295165 PMCID: PMC10830103 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk8173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The tendency for proteins to form aggregates is an inherent part of every proteome and arises from the self-assembly of short protein segments called aggregation-prone regions (APRs). While posttranslational modifications (PTMs) have been implicated in modulating protein aggregation, their direct role in APRs remains poorly understood. In this study, we used a combination of proteome-wide computational analyses and biophysical techniques to investigate the potential involvement of PTMs in aggregation regulation. Our findings reveal that while most PTM types are disfavored near APRs, N-glycosylation is enriched and evolutionarily selected, especially in proteins prone to misfolding. Experimentally, we show that N-glycosylation inhibits the aggregation of peptides in vitro through steric hindrance. Moreover, mining existing proteomics data, we find that the loss of N-glycans at the flanks of APRs leads to specific protein aggregation in Neuro2a cells. Our findings indicate that, among its many molecular functions, N-glycosylation directly prevents protein aggregation in higher eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Duran-Romaña
- Switch Laboratory, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bert Houben
- Switch Laboratory, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthias De Vleeschouwer
- Switch Laboratory, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nikolaos Louros
- Switch Laboratory, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthew P. Wilson
- Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis, Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gert Matthijs
- Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis, Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost Schymkowitz
- Switch Laboratory, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederic Rousseau
- Switch Laboratory, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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4
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Wu S, Lin T, Xu Y. Polymorphic USP8 allele promotes Parkinson's disease by inducing the accumulation of α-synuclein through deubiquitination. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:363. [PMID: 37981592 PMCID: PMC11072815 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neuro-degenerative diseases characterized by α-synuclein accumulation and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Employing genome-wide sequencing, we identified a polymorphic USP8 allele (USP8D442G) significantly enriched in Chinese PD patients. To test the involvement of this polymorphism in PD pathogenesis, we derived dopaminergic neurons (DAn) from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) reprogrammed from fibroblasts of PD patients harboring USP8D442G allele and their healthy siblings. In addition, we knock-in D442G polymorphic site into the endogenous USP8 gene of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and derived DAn from these knock-in hESCs to explore their cellular phenotypes and molecular mechanism. We found that expression of USP8D442G in DAn induces the accumulation and abnormal subcellular localization of α-Synuclein (α-Syn). Mechanistically, we demonstrate that D442G polymorphism enhances the interaction between α-Syn and USP8 and thus increases the K63-specific deubiquitination and stability of α-Syn . We discover a pathogenic polymorphism for PD that represent a promising therapeutic and diagnostic target for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouhai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tongxiang Lin
- Center for Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestory University, 15 ShangXiaDian Road, CangShan District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
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5
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Wulff-Fuentes E, Boakye J, Kroenke K, Berendt RR, Martinez-Morant C, Pereckas M, Hanover JA, Olivier-Van Stichelen S. O-GlcNAcylation regulates OTX2's proteostasis. iScience 2023; 26:108184. [PMID: 38026167 PMCID: PMC10661118 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a key post-translational modification, playing a vital role in cell signaling during development, especially in the brain. In this study, we investigated the role of O-GlcNAcylation in regulating the homeobox protein OTX2, which contributes to various brain disorders, such as combined pituitary hormone deficiency, retinopathy, and medulloblastoma. Our research demonstrated that, under normal physiological conditions, the proteasome plays a pivotal role in breaking down endogenous OTX2. However, when the levels of OTX2 rise, it forms oligomers and/or aggregates that require macroautophagy for clearance. Intriguingly, we demonstrated that O-GlcNAcylation enhances the solubility of OTX2, thereby limiting the formation of these aggregates. Additionally, we unveiled an interaction between OTX2 and the chaperone protein CCT5 at the O-GlcNAc sites, suggesting a potential collaborative role in preventing OTX2 aggregation. Finally, our study demonstrated that while OTX2 physiologically promotes cell proliferation, an O-GlcNAc-depleted OTX2 is detrimental to cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey Boakye
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0851, USA
| | - Kaeley Kroenke
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Rex R. Berendt
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | | | - Michaela Pereckas
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - John A. Hanover
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0851, USA
| | - Stephanie Olivier-Van Stichelen
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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6
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Park J, Kim DY, Hwang GS, Han IO. Repeated sleep deprivation decreases the flux into hexosamine biosynthetic pathway/O-GlcNAc cycling and aggravates Alzheimer's disease neuropathology in adult zebrafish. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:257. [PMID: 37946213 PMCID: PMC10634120 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02944-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated chronic and repeated sleep deprivation (RSD)-induced neuronal changes in hexosamine biosynthetic pathway/O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (HBP/O-GlcNAc) cycling of glucose metabolism and further explored the role of altered O-GlcNAc cycling in promoting neurodegeneration using an adult zebrafish model. RSD-triggered degenerative changes in the brain led to impairment of memory, neuroinflammation and amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation. Metabolite profiling of RSD zebrafish brain revealed a significant decrease in glucose, indicating a potential association between RSD-induced neurodegeneration and dysregulated glucose metabolism. While RSD had no impact on overall O-GlcNAcylation levels in the hippocampus region, changes were observed in two O-GlcNAcylation-regulating enzymes, specifically, a decrease in O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and an increase in O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Glucosamine (GlcN) treatment induced an increase in O-GlcNAcylation and recovery of the OGT level that was decreased in the RSD group. In addition, GlcN reversed cognitive impairment by RSD. GlcN reduced neuroinflammation and attenuated Aβ accumulation induced by RSD. Repeated treatment of zebrafish with diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON), an inhibitor of HBP metabolism, resulted in cognitive dysfunction, neuroinflammation and Aβ accumulation, similar to the effects of RSD. The pathological changes induced by DON were restored to normal upon treatment with GlcN. Both the SD and DON-treated groups exhibited a common decrease in glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid compared to the control group. Overexpression of OGT in zebrafish brain rescued RSD-induced neuronal dysfunction and neurodegeneration. RSD induced a decrease in O-GlcNAcylation of amyloid precursor protein and increase in β-secretase activity, which were reversed by GlcN treatment. Based on the collective findings, we propose that dysregulation of HBP and O-GlcNAc cycling in brain plays a crucial role in RSD-mediated progression of neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Targeting of this pathway may, therefore, offer an effective regulatory approach for treatment of sleep-associated neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Dong Yeol Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Inn-Oc Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea.
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, Inha University, 100 Inha Ro, Nam-Gu, Incheon, 22212, Korea.
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7
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Battis K, Xiang W, Winkler J. The Bidirectional Interplay of α-Synuclein with Lipids in the Central Nervous System and Its Implications for the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13270. [PMID: 37686080 PMCID: PMC10487772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The alteration and aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) play a crucial role in neurodegenerative diseases collectively termed as synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's disease (PD). The bidirectional interaction of α-syn with lipids and biomembranes impacts not only α-syn aggregation but also lipid homeostasis. Indeed, lipid composition and metabolism are severely perturbed in PD. One explanation for lipid-associated alterations may involve structural changes in α-syn, caused, for example, by missense mutations in the lipid-binding region of α-syn as well as post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation, nitration, ubiquitination, truncation, glycosylation, and glycation. Notably, different strategies targeting the α-syn-lipid interaction have been identified and are able to reduce α-syn pathology. These approaches include the modulation of post-translational modifications aiming to reduce the aggregation of α-syn and modify its binding properties to lipid membranes. Furthermore, targeting enzymes involved in various steps of lipid metabolism and exploring the neuroprotective potential of lipids themselves have emerged as novel therapeutic approaches. Taken together, this review focuses on the bidirectional crosstalk of α-syn and lipids and how alterations of this interaction affect PD and thereby open a window for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jürgen Winkler
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.B.); (W.X.)
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8
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Dong X, Shu L, Zhang J, Yang X, Cheng X, Zhao X, Qu W, Zhu Q, Shou Y, Peng G, Sun B, Yi W, Shu Q, Li X. Ogt-mediated O-GlcNAcylation inhibits astrocytes activation through modulating NF-κB signaling pathway. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:146. [PMID: 37349834 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02824-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that Ogt-mediated O-GlcNAcylation is essential for neuronal development and function. However, the function of O-GlcNAc transferase (Ogt) and O-GlcNAcylation in astrocytes remains largely unknown. Here we show that Ogt deficiency induces inflammatory activation of astrocytes in vivo and in vitro, and impairs cognitive function of mice. The restoration of O-GlcNAcylation via GlcNAc supplementation inhibits the activation of astrocytes, inflammation and improves the impaired cognitive function of Ogt deficient mice. Mechanistically, Ogt interacts with NF-κB p65 and catalyzes the O-GlcNAcylation of NF-κB p65 in astrocytes. Ogt deficiency induces the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway by promoting Gsk3β binding. Moreover, Ogt depletion induces the activation of astrocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. The restoration of O-GlcNAcylation inhibits the activation of astrocytes, inflammation and reduces Aβ plaque of AD mice in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our study reveals a critical function of Ogt-mediated O-GlcNAcylation in astrocytes through regulating NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Dong
- The Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, China
- The Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Liqi Shu
- Department of Neurology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02908, USA
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- The Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, China
- The Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Xu Yang
- The Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, China
- The Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Xuejun Cheng
- The Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Xingsen Zhao
- The Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, China
- The Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Wenzheng Qu
- The Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yikai Shou
- The Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Guoping Peng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Binggui Sun
- The Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, China.
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wen Yi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Qiang Shu
- The Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, China.
| | - Xuekun Li
- The Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310052, China.
- The Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
- Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Kakuo M, Horii T, Tonomura N, Sato R, Ogawa M, Okajima T, Kamemura K. Evidence that only EWS among the FET proteins acquires a low partitioning property for the hyperosmotic stress response by O-GlcNAc glycosylation on its low-complexity domain. Exp Cell Res 2023; 424:113504. [PMID: 36736606 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
FET proteins (FUS, EWS, and TAF15) share a common domain organization, bind RNA/DNA, and perform similarly multifunctional roles in the regulation of gene expression. Of the FET proteins, however, only EWS appears to have a distinct property in the cellular stress response. Therefore, we focused on the relationship between hyperosmotic stress response and post-translational modifications of the FET proteins. We confirmed that the hyperosmotic stress-dependent translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and the cellular granule formation of FET proteins, and that EWS is less likely to partition into cellular granules in the cytoplasm than FUS or TAF15. The domain involved in the less partitioning property of EWS was found to be its low-complexity domain (LCD). Chemoenzymatic labeling analysis of O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) residues revealed that O-GlcNAc glycosylation occurs frequently in the LCD of EWS. A correlation was observed between the glycosylation of EWS and the less partitioning property under the hyperosmotic stress. These results suggest that among the FET proteins, only EWS has acquired the unique property through O-GlcNAc glycosylation. The glycosylation may play an essential role in regulating physiological functions of EWS, such as transcriptional activity, in addition to the property in cellular stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Kakuo
- Department of Medical Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Takeshi Horii
- Department of Medical Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Naoto Tonomura
- Department of Medical Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Runa Sato
- Department of Medical Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Ogawa
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okajima
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kamemura
- Department of Medical Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan.
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10
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Mathew AT, Baidya ATK, Das B, Devi B, Kumar R. N-glycosylation induced changes in tau protein dynamics reveal its role in tau misfolding and aggregation: A microsecond long molecular dynamics study. Proteins 2023; 91:147-160. [PMID: 36029032 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Various posttranslational modifications like hyperphosphorylation, O-GlcNAcylation, and acetylation have been attributed to induce the abnormal folding in tau protein. Recent in vitro studies revealed the possible involvement of N-glycosylation of tau protein in the abnormal folding and tau aggregation. Hence, in this study, we performed a microsecond long all atom molecular dynamics simulation to gain insights into the effects of N-glycosylation on Asn-359 residue which forms part of the microtubule binding region. Trajectory analysis of the stimulations coupled with essential dynamics and free energy landscape analysis suggested that tau, in its N-glycosylated form tends to exist in a largely folded conformation having high beta sheet propensity as compared to unmodified tau which exists in a large extended form with very less beta sheet propensity. Residue interaction network analysis of the lowest energy conformations further revealed that Phe378 and Lys353 are the functionally important residues in the peptide which helped in initiating the folding process and Phe378, Lys347, and Lys370 helped to maintain the stability of the protein in the folded state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alen T Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anurag T K Baidya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhanuranjan Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bharti Devi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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11
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Hart G, Huang CW, Rust N, Wu HF. Altered O-GlcNAcylation and mitochondrial dysfunction, a molecular link between brain glucose dysregulation and sporadic Alzheimer’s disease. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:779-783. [DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.354515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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12
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Zhou S, Liu D, Chen J, Xiang C, Xiang J, Yang M. Electrochemical Quantitation of the Glycosylation Level of Serum Neurofilament Light Chain for the Diagnosis of Neurodegeneration: An Interface-Solution Dual-Path Amplification Strategy. Anal Chem 2022; 94:11433-11440. [PMID: 35913270 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Serum neurofilament light chain (NFL), a potential general biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases, is not specific enough to differentiate neurodegenerative diseases from other brain diseases such as cerebral thrombosis (CT). According to the importance of glycosylation in neurodegenerative pathogenesis, the NFL glycosylation level (oNFL/tNFL), defined as the ratio of glycosylated NFL (oNFL) to total NFL (tNFL), may be a more effective index. The major challenge in serum oNFL/tNFL detection is the ultra-low abundance of both NFL forms. In this paper, we achieved a convenient one-step electrochemical quantitation of oNFL/tNFL based on an interface-solution dual-path amplification strategy. Two amplified electrochemical signals─the reduction of Cu2+ from adsorbed porous nanoparticles on the sensor interface and the reduction of O2 from horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed H2O2 disproportionation in solution─were adopted to quantify tNFL and oNFL, respectively. The electrochemical sensor displayed good sensitivity, selectivity, and reproducibility. The dynamic range is 1-25 pg mL-1 for tNFL and 0.25-25 pg mL-1 for oNFL, respectively. By analyzing the clinic serum samples, for the first time, our work provided the abundance of oNFL in human serum and revealed that the oNFL/tNFL is effective not only in differentiating three kinds of brain damage patients from healthy people but also in differentiating neurodegeneration from non-neurodegeneration CT patients. As a general biomarker, the oNFL/tNFL is more specific than NFL, which is hoped to be a new and valid indicator for the diagnosis, progression, prediction, and treatment evaluation of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqiuyue Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Dan Liu
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jia Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Chao Xiang
- Wuhan Red Cross Hospital, Wuhan 430015, P. R. China
| | - Juan Xiang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Minghui Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
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13
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Yoo H, Lee J, Kim B, Moon H, Jeong H, Lee K, Song WJ, Hur JK, Oh Y. Role of post-translational modifications on the alpha-synuclein aggregation-related pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. BMB Rep 2022. [PMID: 35733294 PMCID: PMC9340086 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2022.55.7.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Together with neuronal loss, the existence of insoluble inclusions of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) in the brain is widely accepted as a hallmark of synucleinopathies including Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple system atrophy, and dementia with Lewy body. Because the α-syn aggregates are deeply involved in the pathogenesis, there have been many attempts to demonstrate the mechanism of the aggregation and its potential causative factors including post-translational modifications (PTMs). Although no concrete conclusions have been made based on the previous study results, growing evidence suggests that modifications such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination can alter α-syn characteristics to have certain effects on the aggregation process in PD; either facilitating or inhibiting fibrillization. In the present work, we reviewed studies showing the significant impacts of PTMs on α-syn aggregation. Furthermore, the PTMs modulating α-syn aggregation-induced cell death have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajung Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Jeongmin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Bokwang Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Heechang Moon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Huisu Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Kyungmi Lee
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Woo Jeung Song
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Junho K. Hur
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Yohan Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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14
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Burt RA, Alghusen IM, John Ephrame S, Villar MT, Artigues A, Slawson C. Mapping the O-GlcNAc Modified Proteome: Applications for Health and Disease. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:920727. [PMID: 35664676 PMCID: PMC9161079 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.920727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAc is a pleotropic, enigmatic post-translational modification (PTM). This PTM modifies thousands of proteins differentially across tissue types and regulates diverse cellular signaling processes. O-GlcNAc is implicated in numerous diseases, and the advent of O-GlcNAc perturbation as a novel class of therapeutic underscores the importance of identifying and quantifying the O-GlcNAc modified proteome. Here, we review recent advances in mass spectrometry-based proteomics that will be critical in elucidating the role of this unique glycosylation system in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajan A. Burt
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), Kansas, KS, United States
| | - Ibtihal M. Alghusen
- Department Biochemistry, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas, KS, United States
| | - Sophiya John Ephrame
- Department Biochemistry, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas, KS, United States
| | - Maria T. Villar
- Department Biochemistry, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas, KS, United States
| | - Antonio Artigues
- Department Biochemistry, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas, KS, United States
| | - Chad Slawson
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), Kansas, KS, United States
- Department Biochemistry, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas, KS, United States
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15
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Landrieu I, Dupré E, Sinnaeve D, El Hajjar L, Smet-Nocca C. Deciphering the Structure and Formation of Amyloids in Neurodegenerative Diseases With Chemical Biology Tools. Front Chem 2022; 10:886382. [PMID: 35646824 PMCID: PMC9133342 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.886382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein aggregation into highly ordered, regularly repeated cross-β sheet structures called amyloid fibrils is closely associated to human disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, or systemic diseases like type II diabetes. Yet, in some cases, such as the HET-s prion, amyloids have biological functions. High-resolution structures of amyloids fibrils from cryo-electron microscopy have very recently highlighted their ultrastructural organization and polymorphisms. However, the molecular mechanisms and the role of co-factors (posttranslational modifications, non-proteinaceous components and other proteins) acting on the fibril formation are still poorly understood. Whether amyloid fibrils play a toxic or protective role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases remains to be elucidated. Furthermore, such aberrant protein-protein interactions challenge the search of small-molecule drugs or immunotherapy approaches targeting amyloid formation. In this review, we describe how chemical biology tools contribute to new insights on the mode of action of amyloidogenic proteins and peptides, defining their structural signature and aggregation pathways by capturing their molecular details and conformational heterogeneity. Challenging the imagination of scientists, this constantly expanding field provides crucial tools to unravel mechanistic detail of amyloid formation such as semisynthetic proteins and small-molecule sensors of conformational changes and/or aggregation. Protein engineering methods and bioorthogonal chemistry for the introduction of protein chemical modifications are additional fruitful strategies to tackle the challenge of understanding amyloid formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Landrieu
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- CNRS EMR9002 Integrative Structural Biology, Lille, France
| | - Elian Dupré
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- CNRS EMR9002 Integrative Structural Biology, Lille, France
| | - Davy Sinnaeve
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- CNRS EMR9002 Integrative Structural Biology, Lille, France
| | - Léa El Hajjar
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- CNRS EMR9002 Integrative Structural Biology, Lille, France
| | - Caroline Smet-Nocca
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- CNRS EMR9002 Integrative Structural Biology, Lille, France
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16
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Abstract
Post-translational modification with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), a process referred to as O-GlcNAcylation, occurs on a vast variety of proteins. Mounting evidence in the past several decades has clearly demonstrated that O-GlcNAcylation is a unique and ubiquitous modification. Reminiscent of a code, protein O-GlcNAcylation functions as a crucial regulator of nearly all cellular processes studied. The primary aim of this review is to summarize the developments in our understanding of myriad protein substrates modified by O-GlcNAcylation from a systems perspective. Specifically, we provide a comprehensive survey of O-GlcNAcylation in multiple species studied, including eukaryotes (e.g., protists, fungi, plants, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, murine, and human), prokaryotes, and some viruses. We evaluate features (e.g., structural properties and sequence motifs) of O-GlcNAc modification on proteins across species. Given that O-GlcNAcylation functions in a species-, tissue-/cell-, protein-, and site-specific manner, we discuss the functional roles of O-GlcNAcylation on human proteins. We focus particularly on several classes of relatively well-characterized human proteins (including transcription factors, protein kinases, protein phosphatases, and E3 ubiquitin-ligases), with representative O-GlcNAc site-specific functions presented. We hope the systems view of the great endeavor in the past 35 years will help demystify the O-GlcNAc code and lead to more fascinating studies in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Ma
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Chunyan Hou
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Ci Wu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
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17
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On-tissue amidation of sialic acid with aniline for sensitive imaging of sialylated N-glycans from FFPE tissue sections via MALDI mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:5263-5274. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-03894-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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18
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Xie J, Kittur FS, Li PA, Hung CY. Rethinking the necessity of low glucose intervention for cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Neural Regen Res 2021; 17:1397-1403. [PMID: 34916409 PMCID: PMC8771096 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.330592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose is the essential and almost exclusive metabolic fuel for the brain. Ischemic stroke caused by a blockage in one or more cerebral arteries quickly leads to a lack of regional cerebral blood supply resulting in severe glucose deprivation with subsequent induction of cellular homeostasis disturbance and eventual neuronal death. To make up ischemia-mediated adenosine 5′-triphosphate depletion, glucose in the ischemic penumbra area rapidly enters anaerobic metabolism to produce glycolytic adenosine 5′-triphosphate for cell survival. It appears that an increase in glucose in the ischemic brain would exert favorable effects. This notion is supported by in vitro studies, but generally denied by most in vivo studies. Clinical studies to manage increased blood glucose levels after stroke also failed to show any benefits or even brought out harmful effects while elevated admission blood glucose concentrations frequently correlated with poor outcomes. Surprisingly, strict glycaemic control in clinical practice also failed to yield any beneficial outcome. These controversial results from glucose management studies during the past three decades remain a challenging question of whether glucose intervention is needed for ischemic stroke care. This review provides a brief overview of the roles of cerebral glucose under normal and ischemic conditions and the results of managing glucose levels in non-diabetic patients. Moreover, the relationship between blood glucose and cerebral glucose during the ischemia/reperfusion processes and the potential benefits of low glucose supplements for non-diabetic patients are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute & Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Farooqahmed S Kittur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute & Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - P Andy Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute & Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Chiu-Yueh Hung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute & Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
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19
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Bonam SR, Tranchant C, Muller S. Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathway as Potential Therapeutic Target in Parkinson's Disease. Cells 2021; 10:3547. [PMID: 34944054 PMCID: PMC8700067 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular quality control systems have gained much attention in recent decades. Among these, autophagy is a natural self-preservation mechanism that continuously eliminates toxic cellular components and acts as an anti-ageing process. It is vital for cell survival and to preserve homeostasis. Several cell-type-dependent canonical or non-canonical autophagy pathways have been reported showing varying degrees of selectivity with regard to the substrates targeted. Here, we provide an updated review of the autophagy machinery and discuss the role of various forms of autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases, with a particular focus on Parkinson's disease. We describe recent findings that have led to the proposal of therapeutic strategies targeting autophagy to alter the course of Parkinson's disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe-Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Christine Tranchant
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM-U964/CNRS-UMR7104/Université de Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylviane Muller
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- CNRS and Strasbourg University, Unit Biotechnology and Cell Signaling/Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), 67000 Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), 67000 Strasbourg, France
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20
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Borrajo A, Spuch C, Penedo MA, Olivares JM, Agís-Balboa RC. Important role of microglia in HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorders and the molecular pathways implicated in its pathogenesis. Ann Med 2021; 53:43-69. [PMID: 32841065 PMCID: PMC7877929 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2020.1814962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of effective combined anti-retroviral therapy (cART) led to a significant reduction in the death rate associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. However, recent studies indicate that considerably more than 50% of all HIV-1 infected patients develop HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). Microglia are the foremost cells infected by HIV-1 in the central nervous system (CNS), and so, are also likely to contribute to the neurotoxicity observed in HAND. The activation of microglia induces the release of pro-inflammatory markers and altered secretion of cytokines, chemokines, secondary messengers, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) which activate signalling pathways that initiate neuroinflammation. In turn, ROS and inflammation also play critical roles in HAND. However, more efforts are required to understand the physiology of microglia and the processes involved in their activation in order to better understand the how HIV-1-infected microglia are involved in the development of HAND. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge about the involvement of oxidative stress mechanisms and role of HIV-induced ROS in the development of HAND. We also examine the academic literature regarding crucial HIV-1 pathogenicity factors implicated in neurotoxicity and inflammation in order to identify molecular pathways that could serve as potential therapeutic targets for treatment of this disease. KEY MESSAGES Neuroinflammation and excitotoxicity mechanisms are crucial in the pathogenesis of HAND. CNS infiltration by HIV-1 and immune cells through the blood brain barrier is a key process involved in the pathogenicity of HAND. Factors including calcium dysregulation and autophagy are the main challenges involved in HAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Borrajo
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - C. Spuch
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur)-Área Sanitaria de Vigo, SERGAS-UVigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - M. A. Penedo
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur)-Área Sanitaria de Vigo, SERGAS-UVigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - J. M. Olivares
- Department of Psychiatry, Área Sanitaria de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur)-Área Sanitaria de Vigo, SERGAS-UVigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - R. C. Agís-Balboa
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur)-Área Sanitaria de Vigo, SERGAS-UVigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
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21
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Writing and erasing O-GlcNAc from target proteins in cells. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:2891-2901. [PMID: 34783346 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a widespread reversible modification on nucleocytoplasmic proteins that plays an important role in many biochemical processes and is highly relevant to numerous human diseases. The O-GlcNAc modification has diverse functional impacts on individual proteins and glycosites, and methods for editing this modification on substrates are essential to decipher these functions. Herein, we review recent progress in developing methods for O-GlcNAc regulation, with a focus on methods for editing O-GlcNAc with protein- and site-selectivity in cells. The applications, advantages, and limitations of currently available strategies for writing and erasing O-GlcNAc and future directions are also discussed. These emerging approaches to manipulate O-GlcNAc on a target protein in cells will greatly accelerate the development of functional studies and enable therapeutic interventions in the O-GlcNAc field.
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22
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Lee BE, Suh PG, Kim JI. O-GlcNAcylation in health and neurodegenerative diseases. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:1674-1682. [PMID: 34837015 PMCID: PMC8639716 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00709-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a posttranslational modification that adds O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to serine or threonine residues of many proteins. This protein modification interacts with key cellular pathways involved in transcription, translation, and proteostasis. Although ubiquitous throughout the body, O-GlcNAc is particularly abundant in the brain, and various proteins commonly found at synapses are O-GlcNAcylated. Recent studies have demonstrated that the modulation of O-GlcNAc in the brain alters synaptic and neuronal functions. Furthermore, altered brain O-GlcNAcylation is associated with either the etiology or pathology of numerous neurodegenerative diseases, while the manipulation of O-GlcNAc exerts neuroprotective effects against these diseases. Although the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the functional roles of O-GlcNAcylation in the brain remain unclear, O-GlcNAcylation is critical for regulating diverse neural functions, and its levels change during normal and pathological aging. In this review, we will highlight the functional importance of O-GlcNAcylation in the brain and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong Eun Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Pann-Ghill Suh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ick Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Saha A, Bello D, Fernández-Tejada A. Advances in chemical probing of protein O-GlcNAc glycosylation: structural role and molecular mechanisms. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:10451-10485. [PMID: 34338261 PMCID: PMC8451060 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01275k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The addition of O-linked-β-D-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) onto serine and threonine residues of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins is an abundant, unique post-translational modification governing important biological processes. O-GlcNAc dysregulation underlies several metabolic disorders leading to human diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration and diabetes. This review provides an extensive summary of the recent progress in probing O-GlcNAcylation using mainly chemical methods, with a special focus on discussing mechanistic insights and the structural role of O-GlcNAc at the molecular level. We highlight key aspects of the O-GlcNAc enzymes, including development of OGT and OGA small-molecule inhibitors, and describe a variety of chemoenzymatic and chemical biology approaches for the study of O-GlcNAcylation. Special emphasis is placed on the power of chemistry in the form of synthetic glycopeptide and glycoprotein tools for investigating the site-specific functional consequences of the modification. Finally, we discuss in detail the conformational effects of O-GlcNAc glycosylation on protein structure and stability, relevant O-GlcNAc-mediated protein interactions and its molecular recognition features by biological receptors. Future research in this field will provide novel, more effective chemical strategies and probes for the molecular interrogation of O-GlcNAcylation, elucidating new mechanisms and functional roles of O-GlcNAc with potential therapeutic applications in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Saha
- Chemical Immunology Lab, Centre for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, CIC-bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio 48160, Biscay, Spain.
| | - Davide Bello
- Chemical Immunology Lab, Centre for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, CIC-bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio 48160, Biscay, Spain.
| | - Alberto Fernández-Tejada
- Chemical Immunology Lab, Centre for Cooperative Research in Biosciences, CIC-bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio 48160, Biscay, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
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24
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Mechanistic roles for altered O-GlcNAcylation in neurodegenerative disorders. Biochem J 2021; 478:2733-2758. [PMID: 34297044 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's remain highly prevalent and incurable disorders. A major challenge in fully understanding and combating the progression of these diseases is the complexity of the network of processes that lead to progressive neuronal dysfunction and death. An ideal therapeutic avenue is conceivably one that could address many if not all of these multiple misregulated mechanisms. Over the years, chemical intervention for the up-regulation of the endogenous posttranslational modification (PTM) O-GlcNAc has been proposed as a potential strategy to slow down the progression of neurodegeneration. Through the development and application of tools that allow dissection of the mechanistic roles of this PTM, there is now a growing body of evidence that O-GlcNAc influences a variety of important neurodegeneration-pertinent mechanisms, with an overall protective effect. As a PTM that is appended onto numerous proteins that participate in protein quality control and homeostasis, metabolism, bioenergetics, neuronal communication, inflammation, and programmed death, O-GlcNAc has demonstrated beneficence in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases, and its up-regulation is now being pursued in multiple clinical studies.
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25
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Bell R, Vendruscolo M. Modulation of the Interactions Between α-Synuclein and Lipid Membranes by Post-translational Modifications. Front Neurol 2021; 12:661117. [PMID: 34335440 PMCID: PMC8319954 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.661117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is characterised by the presence in brain tissue of aberrant inclusions known as Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, which are deposits composed by α-synuclein and a variety of other cellular components, including in particular lipid membranes. The dysregulation of the balance between lipid homeostasis and α-synuclein homeostasis is therefore likely to be closely involved in the onset and progression of Parkinson's disease and related synucleinopathies. As our understanding of this balance is increasing, we describe recent advances in the characterisation of the role of post-translational modifications in modulating the interactions of α-synuclein with lipid membranes. We then discuss the impact of these advances on the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools for synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michele Vendruscolo
- Centre for Misfolding Disease, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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26
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Bartolomé-Nebreda JM, Trabanco AA, Velter AI, Buijnsters P. O-GlcNAcase inhibitors as potential therapeutics for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and related tauopathies: analysis of the patent literature. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2021; 31:1117-1154. [PMID: 34176417 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2021.1947242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: O-GlcNAcylation is a highly abundant post-translational modification of multiple proteins, including the microtubule-binding protein tau, governed by just two enzymes' concerted action O-GlcNAc transferase OGT and the hydrolase OGA. It is an approach to reduce abnormal tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related tauopathies based on the ability of O-GlcNAcylation competing with tau phosphorylation, thus minimizing aggregation. The preclinical validation confirmed OGA inhibitors' efficacy in different transgenic tau mice models. Only three other OGA inhibitors have advanced into clinical trials thus far.Areas covered: 2008-2020 patent literature on OGA inhibitors.Expert opinion: Neurodegenerative disorders and AD specifically represent an enormous challenge since no effective treatments are available. Promising preclinical data has prompted considerable interest in searching for OGA inhibitors as a potential treatment for neurodegenerative disorders. Efforts from different companies have yielded a diverse set of chemotypes. OGA is a highly ubiquitous enzyme with many client proteins, generated data confirms a promising benign profile for OGA inhibition in healthy volunteers. Additionally, OGA PET tracers' existence will be critical for proper dose selection for future PoC Phase II studies, which will proof the true potential of OGA inhibition for the treatment of AD and other tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Bartolomé-Nebreda
- A Division of Janssen-Cilag SA, Discovery Chemistry Department, Discovery, Product Development & Supply, Janssen Research and Development, Toledo, Spain
| | - Andrés A Trabanco
- A Division of Janssen-Cilag SA, Discovery Chemistry Department, Discovery, Product Development & Supply, Janssen Research and Development, Toledo, Spain
| | - Adriana Ingrid Velter
- A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Discovery Chemistry Department, Discovery, Product Development & Supply, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Peter Buijnsters
- A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Discovery Chemistry Department, Discovery, Product Development & Supply, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
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27
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Kim EJ. Advances in Strategies and Tools Available for Interrogation of Protein O-GlcNAcylation. Chembiochem 2021; 22:3010-3026. [PMID: 34101962 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The attachment of a single O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to serine and threonine residues of numerous proteins in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria is a reversible post-translational modification (PTM) and plays an important role as a regulator of various cellular processes in both healthy and disease states. Advances in strategies and tools that allow for the detection of dynamic O-GlcNAcylation on cellular proteins have helped to enhance our initial and ongoing understanding of its dynamic effects on cellular stimuli and given insights into its link to the pathogenesis of several chronic diseases. Furthermore, chemical genetic strategies and related tools have been successfully applied to a myriad of biological systems with a new level of spatiotemporal and molecular precision. These strategies have started to be used in studying and controlling O-GlcNAcylation both in vivo and in vitro. In this minireview, overviews of recent advances in molecular tools being applied to the detection and identification of O-GlcNAcylation on cellular proteins as well as on individual proteins are provided. In addition, chemical genetic strategies that have already been applied or are potentially usable in O-GlcNAc functional are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ju Kim
- Daegu University, Gyeongsan-Si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
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28
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Mutanwad KV, Lucyshyn D. Balancing O-GlcNAc and O-fucose in plants. FEBS J 2021; 289:3086-3092. [PMID: 34051053 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
O-linked modification of nuclear and cytosolic proteins with monosaccharides is essential in all eukaryotes. While many aspects of this post-translational modification are highly conserved, there are striking differences between plants and the animal kingdom. In animals, dynamic cycling of O-GlcNAc is established by two essential single copy enzymes, the O-GlcNAc transferase OGT and O-GlcNAc hydrolase OGA. In contrast, plants balance O-GlcNAc with O-fucose modifications, catalyzed by the OGT SECRET AGENT (SEC) and the protein O-fucosyltransferase (POFUT) SPINDLY (SPY). However, specific glycoside hydrolases for either of the two modifications have not yet been identified. Nucleocytoplasmic O-glycosylation is still not very well understood in plants, even though a high number of proteins were found to be affected. One important open question is how specificity is established in a system where only two enzymes modify hundreds of proteins. Here, we discuss the possibility that O-GlcNAc- and O-fucose-binding proteins could introduce an additional flexible layer of regulation in O-glycosylation-mediated signaling pathways, with the potential of integrating internal or external signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Vasant Mutanwad
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, Institute for Molecular Plant Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Doris Lucyshyn
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, Institute for Molecular Plant Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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29
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Muha V, Authier F, Szoke-Kovacs Z, Johnson S, Gallagher J, McNeilly A, McCrimmon RJ, Teboul L, van Aalten DMF. Loss of O-GlcNAcase catalytic activity leads to defects in mouse embryogenesis. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100439. [PMID: 33610549 PMCID: PMC7988489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is an essential post-translational modification that has been implicated in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. O-GlcNAcase (OGA), the sole enzyme catalyzing the removal of O-GlcNAc from proteins, has emerged as a potential drug target. OGA consists of an N-terminal OGA catalytic domain and a C-terminal pseudo histone acetyltransferase (HAT) domain with unknown function. To investigate phenotypes specific to loss of OGA catalytic activity and dissect the role of the HAT domain, we generated a constitutive knock-in mouse line, carrying a mutation of a catalytic aspartic acid to alanine. These mice showed perinatal lethality and abnormal embryonic growth with skewed Mendelian ratios after day E18.5. We observed tissue-specific changes in O-GlcNAc homeostasis regulation to compensate for loss of OGA activity. Using X-ray microcomputed tomography on late gestation embryos, we identified defects in the kidney, brain, liver, and stomach. Taken together, our data suggest that developmental defects during gestation may arise upon prolonged OGA inhibition specifically because of loss of OGA catalytic activity and independent of the function of the HAT domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Villő Muha
- Division of Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Florence Authier
- Division of Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | | | - Sara Johnson
- The Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Jennifer Gallagher
- Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Alison McNeilly
- System Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Rory J McCrimmon
- Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Lydia Teboul
- The Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Daan M F van Aalten
- Division of Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
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30
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Ryan P, Shi Y, von Itzstein M, Rudrawar S. Novel bisubstrate uridine-peptide analogues bearing a pyrophosphate bioisostere as inhibitors of human O-GlcNAc transferase. Bioorg Chem 2021; 110:104738. [PMID: 33667901 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Protein O-linked β-D-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification (O-GlcNAcylation), an essential post-translational as well as cotranslational modification, is the attachment of β-D-N-acetylglucosamine to serine and threonine residues of nucleocytoplasmic proteins. An aberrant O-GlcNAc profile on certain proteins has been implicated in metabolic diseases such as diabetes and cancer. Inhibitors of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) are valuable tools to study the cell biology of protein O-GlcNAc modification. In this study we report novel uridine-peptide conjugate molecules composed of an acceptor peptide covalently linked to a catalytically inactive donor substrate analogue that bears a pyrophosphate bioisostere and explore their inhibitory activities against OGT by a radioactive hOGT assay. Further, we investigate the structural basis of their activities via molecular modelling, explaining their lack of potency towards OGT inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Ryan
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia; School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Yun Shi
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Mark von Itzstein
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Santosh Rudrawar
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia; School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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31
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Seo J, Park YS, Kweon TH, Kang J, Son S, Kim HB, Seo YR, Kang MJ, Yi EC, Lee YH, Kim JH, Park B, Yang WH, Cho JW. O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine Modification of Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein Regulates Antiviral Signaling by Modulating Its Activity. Front Immunol 2021; 11:589259. [PMID: 33603735 PMCID: PMC7884448 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.589259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications, including O-GlcNAcylation, play fundamental roles in modulating cellular events, including transcription, signal transduction, and immune signaling. Several molecular targets of O-GlcNAcylation associated with pathogen-induced innate immune responses have been identified; however, the direct regulatory mechanisms linking O-GlcNAcylation with antiviral RIG-I-like receptor signaling are not fully understood. In this study, we found that cellular levels of O-GlcNAcylation decline in response to infection with Sendai virus. We identified a heavily O-GlcNAcylated serine-rich region between amino acids 249–257 of the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS); modification at this site disrupts MAVS aggregation and prevents MAVS-mediated activation and signaling. O-GlcNAcylation of the serine-rich region of MAVS also suppresses its interaction with TRAF3; this prevents IRF3 activation and production of interferon-β. Taken together, these results suggest that O-GlcNAcylation of MAVS may be a master regulatory event that promotes host defense against RNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghwa Seo
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun Soo Park
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kweon
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jingu Kang
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seongjin Son
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han Byeol Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu Ri Seo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Jueng Kang
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eugene C Yi
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong-Ho Lee
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hong Kim
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Boyoun Park
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won Ho Yang
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Won Cho
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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32
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Kositzke A, Fan D, Wang A, Li H, Worth M, Jiang J. Elucidating the protein substrate recognition of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) toward O-GlcNAcase (OGA) using a GlcNAc electrophilic probe. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 169:51-59. [PMID: 33333092 PMCID: PMC7856287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The essential human O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) is the sole enzyme responsible for modifying thousands of intracellular proteins with the monosaccharide O-GlcNAc. This unique modification plays crucial roles in human health and disease, but the substrate recognition of OGT remains poorly understood. Intriguingly, the only human enzyme reported to remove this modification, O-GlcNAcase (OGA), is O-GlcNAc modified. Here, we exploited a GlcNAc electrophilic probe (GEP1A) to rapidly screen OGT mutants in a fluorescence assay that can discriminate between altered OGT-sugar and -protein substrate binding to help elucidate the binding mode of OGT toward OGA protein substrate. Since OGT tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain plays a key role in OGT-OGA binding, we screened 30 OGT TPR mutants, which revealed 15 "ladder like" asparagine or aspartate residues spanning TPRs 3-7 and 10-13.5 that affect OGA O-GlcNAcylation. By applying a truncated OGA construct, we found that OGA's N-terminal region or pseudo histone acetyltransferase domain is not required for its O-GlcNAcylation, suggesting OGT functionally interacts with OGA through its catalytic and/or stalk domains. This work represents the first effort to systemically investigate each OGT TPR and our findings will facilitate the development of new strategies to investigate the role of substrate-specific O-GlcNAcylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Kositzke
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Dacheng Fan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Ao Wang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Hao Li
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Matthew Worth
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Jiaoyang Jiang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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Wulff-Fuentes E, Berendt RR, Massman L, Danner L, Malard F, Vora J, Kahsay R, Olivier-Van Stichelen S. The human O-GlcNAcome database and meta-analysis. Sci Data 2021; 8:25. [PMID: 33479245 PMCID: PMC7820439 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-021-00810-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 35 years, ~1700 articles have characterized protein O-GlcNAcylation. Found in almost all living organisms, this post-translational modification of serine and threonine residues is highly conserved and key to biological processes. With half of the primary research articles using human models, the O-GlcNAcome recently reached a milestone of 5000 human proteins identified. Herein, we provide an extensive inventory of human O-GlcNAcylated proteins, their O-GlcNAc sites, identification methods, and corresponding references ( www.oglcnac.mcw.edu ). In the absence of a comprehensive online resource for O-GlcNAcylated proteins, this list serves as the only database of O-GlcNAcylated proteins. Based on the thorough analysis of the amino acid sequence surrounding 7002 O-GlcNAc sites, we progress toward a more robust semi-consensus sequence for O-GlcNAcylation. Moreover, we offer a comprehensive meta-analysis of human O-GlcNAcylated proteins for protein domains, cellular and tissue distribution, and pathways in health and diseases, reinforcing that O-GlcNAcylation is a master regulator of cell signaling, equal to the widely studied phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rex R Berendt
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Logan Massman
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Laura Danner
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Florian Malard
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Jeet Vora
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Robel Kahsay
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
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34
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Ma J, Wu C, Hart GW. Analytical and Biochemical Perspectives of Protein O-GlcNAcylation. Chem Rev 2021; 121:1513-1581. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Ma
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Ci Wu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Gerald W. Hart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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35
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Silva MC, Haggarty SJ. Tauopathies: Deciphering Disease Mechanisms to Develop Effective Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238948. [PMID: 33255694 PMCID: PMC7728099 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tauopathies are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the pathological accumulation of microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) in the form of neurofibrillary tangles and paired helical filaments in neurons and glia, leading to brain cell death. These diseases include frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and can be sporadic or inherited when caused by mutations in the MAPT gene. Despite an incredibly high socio-economic burden worldwide, there are still no effective disease-modifying therapies, and few tau-focused experimental drugs have reached clinical trials. One major hindrance for therapeutic development is the knowledge gap in molecular mechanisms of tau-mediated neuronal toxicity and death. For the promise of precision medicine for brain disorders to be fulfilled, it is necessary to integrate known genetic causes of disease, i.e., MAPT mutations, with an understanding of the dysregulated molecular pathways that constitute potential therapeutic targets. Here, the growing understanding of known and proposed mechanisms of disease etiology will be reviewed, together with promising experimental tau-directed therapeutics, such as recently developed tau degraders. Current challenges faced by the fields of tau research and drug discovery will also be addressed.
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36
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Martínez-Viturro CM, Trabanco AA, Royes J, Fernández E, Tresadern G, Vega JA, del Cerro A, Delgado F, García Molina A, Tovar F, Shaffer P, Ebneth A, Bretteville A, Mertens L, Somers M, Alonso JM, Bartolomé-Nebreda JM. Diazaspirononane Nonsaccharide Inhibitors of O-GlcNAcase (OGA) for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders. J Med Chem 2020; 63:14017-14044. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M. Martínez-Viturro
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen-Cilag S.A., C/Jarama 75A, 45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Andrés A. Trabanco
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen-Cilag S.A., C/Jarama 75A, 45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Jordi Royes
- Department Química Física i Inorgànica, University Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Elena Fernández
- Department Química Física i Inorgànica, University Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Gary Tresadern
- Computational Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2440 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Juan A. Vega
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen-Cilag S.A., C/Jarama 75A, 45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Alcira del Cerro
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen-Cilag S.A., C/Jarama 75A, 45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Francisca Delgado
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen-Cilag S.A., C/Jarama 75A, 45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Aránzazu García Molina
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen-Cilag S.A., C/Jarama 75A, 45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Fulgencio Tovar
- Villapharma Research S.L., Parque Tecnológico de Fuente Álamo, Ctra. El Estrecho-Lobosillo, Km. 2.5—Av. Azul, 30320 Fuente Álamo de Murcia, Spain
| | - Paul Shaffer
- X-Ray Crystallography, Janssen Pharmaceutical Research & Development, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Andreas Ebneth
- Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2440 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Alexis Bretteville
- Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2440 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Liesbeth Mertens
- Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2440 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Marijke Somers
- Discovery DMPK, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2440 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Jose M. Alonso
- Analytical Sciences, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., C/Jarama 75A, 45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - José M. Bartolomé-Nebreda
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen-Cilag S.A., C/Jarama 75A, 45007 Toledo, Spain
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37
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Bukke VN, Villani R, Archana M, Wawrzyniak A, Balawender K, Orkisz S, Ferraro L, Serviddio G, Cassano T. The Glucose Metabolic Pathway as A Potential Target for Therapeutics: Crucial Role of Glycosylation in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207739. [PMID: 33086751 PMCID: PMC7589651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose uptake in the brain decreases because of normal aging but this decline is accelerated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. In fact, positron emission tomography (PET) studies have shown that metabolic reductions in AD patients occur decades before the onset of symptoms, suggesting that metabolic deficits may be an upstream event in at least some late-onset cases. A decrease in availability of glucose content induces a considerable impairment/downregulation of glycosylation, which is an important post-translational modification. Glycosylation is an important and highly regulated mechanism of secondary protein processing within cells and it plays a crucial role in modulating stability of proteins, as carbohydrates are important in achieving the proper three-dimensional conformation of glycoproteins. Moreover, glycosylation acts as a metabolic sensor that links glucose metabolism to normal neuronal functioning. All the proteins involved in β-amyloid (Aβ) precursor protein metabolism have been identified as candidates of glycosylation highlighting the possibility that Aβ metabolism could be regulated by their glycosylation. Within this framework, the present review aims to summarize the current understanding on the role of glycosylation in the etiopathology of AD, emphasizing the idea that glucose metabolic pathway may represent an alternative therapeutic option for targeting AD. From this perspective, the pharmacological modulation of glycosylation levels may represent a ‘sweet approach’ to treat AD targeting new mechanisms independent of the amyloid cascade and with comparable impacts in familial and sporadic AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidyasagar Naik Bukke
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Rosanna Villani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.V.); (M.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Moola Archana
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.V.); (M.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Agata Wawrzyniak
- Morphological Science Department of Human Anatomy, Medical Faculty University of Rzeszów, 35-036 Rzeszów, Poland; (A.W.); (K.B.); (S.O.)
| | - Krzysztof Balawender
- Morphological Science Department of Human Anatomy, Medical Faculty University of Rzeszów, 35-036 Rzeszów, Poland; (A.W.); (K.B.); (S.O.)
| | - Stanislaw Orkisz
- Morphological Science Department of Human Anatomy, Medical Faculty University of Rzeszów, 35-036 Rzeszów, Poland; (A.W.); (K.B.); (S.O.)
| | - Luca Ferraro
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.V.); (M.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Tommaso Cassano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Wang L, Bharti, Kumar R, Pavlov PF, Winblad B. Small molecule therapeutics for tauopathy in Alzheimer's disease: Walking on the path of most resistance. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 209:112915. [PMID: 33139110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia characterized by presence of extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. Currently there are close to 50 million people living with dementia and this figure is expected to increase to 75 million by 2030 putting a huge burden on the economy due to the health care cost. Considering the effects on quality of life of patients and the increasing burden on the economy, there is an enormous need of new disease modifying therapies to tackle this disease. The current therapies are dominated by only symptomatic treatments including cholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blockers but no disease modifying treatments exist so far. After several failed attempts to develop drugs against amyloidopathy, tau targeting approaches have been in the main focus of drug development against AD. After an overview of the tauopathy in AD, this review summarizes recent findings on the development of small molecules as therapeutics targeting tau modification, aggregation, and degradation, and tau-oriented multi-target directed ligands. Overall, this work aims to provide a comprehensive and critical overview of small molecules which are being explored as a lead candidate for discovering drugs against tauopathy in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Wang
- Dept. of Neuroscience Care and Society, Div. of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, 17164, Solna, Sweden
| | - Bharti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Dept. of Neuroscience Care and Society, Div. of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, 17164, Solna, Sweden; Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Pavel F Pavlov
- Dept. of Neuroscience Care and Society, Div. of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, 17164, Solna, Sweden; Memory Clinic, Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, 14186, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Bengt Winblad
- Dept. of Neuroscience Care and Society, Div. of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, 17164, Solna, Sweden; Memory Clinic, Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, 14186, Huddinge, Sweden.
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Chou LY, Chao YM, Peng YC, Lin HC, Wu YL. Glucosamine Enhancement of BDNF Expression and Animal Cognitive Function. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163667. [PMID: 32806562 PMCID: PMC7465318 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important factor for memory consolidation and cognitive function. Protein kinase A (PKA) signaling interacts significantly with BDNF-provoked downstream signaling. Glucosamine (GLN), a common dietary supplement, has been demonstrated to perform a variety of beneficial physiological functions. In the current study, an in vivo model of 7-week-old C57BL/6 mice receiving daily intraperitoneal injection of GLN (0, 3, 10 and 30 mg/animal) was subjected to the novel object recognition test in order to determine cognitive performance. GLN significantly increased cognitive function. In the hippocampus GLN elevated tissue cAMP concentrations and CREB phosphorylation, and upregulated the expression of BDNF, CREB5 and the BDNF receptor TrkB, but it reduced PDE4B expression. With the in vitro model in the HT22 hippocampal cell line, GLN exposure significantly increased protein and mRNA levels of BDNF and CREB5 and induced cAMP responsive element (CRE) reporter activity; the GLN-mediated BDNF expression and CRE reporter induction were suppressed by PKA inhibitor H89. Our current findings suggest that GLN can exert a cognition-enhancing function and this may act at least in part by upregulating the BDNF levels via a cAMP/PKA/CREB-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien-Yu Chou
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (L.-Y.C.), (Y.-M.C.); (H.-C.L.)
| | - Yu-Ming Chao
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (L.-Y.C.), (Y.-M.C.); (H.-C.L.)
| | - Yen-Chun Peng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan;
| | - Hui-Ching Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (L.-Y.C.), (Y.-M.C.); (H.-C.L.)
| | - Yuh-Lin Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (L.-Y.C.), (Y.-M.C.); (H.-C.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2826-7081; Fax: +886-2-2826-4049
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Boix CP, Lopez-Font I, Cuchillo-Ibañez I, Sáez-Valero J. Amyloid precursor protein glycosylation is altered in the brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2020; 12:96. [PMID: 32787955 PMCID: PMC7425076 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-020-00664-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background The amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that undergoes alternative proteolytic processing. Its processing through the amyloidogenic pathway originates a large sAPPβ ectodomain fragment and the β-amyloid peptide, while non-amyloidogenic processing generates sAPPα and shorter non-fibrillar fragments. Hence, measuring sAPPα and sAPPβ has been proposed as a means to identify imbalances between the amyloidogenic/non-amyloidogenic pathways in the brain of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. However, to date, no consistent changes in these proteolytic fragments have been identified in either the brain or cerebrospinal fluid of AD individuals. Methods In frontal cortex homogenates from AD patients (n = 7) and non-demented controls (NDC; n = 7), the expression of total APP mRNA and that of the APP isoforms generated by alternative splicing, APP695 and APP containing the Kunitz protease inhibitor (KPI), was analyzed by qRT-PCR using TaqMan and SYBR Green probes. The balance between the amyloidogenic/non-amyloidogenic pathways was examined in western blots estimating the sAPPα and sAPPβ fragments and their membrane-tethered C-terminal fragments CTFα and CTFβ. CHO-PS70 cells, stably over-expressing wild-type human APP, served to evaluate whether Aβ42 peptide treatment results in altered APP glycosylation. We determined the glycosylation pattern of sAPPα and sAPPβ in brain extracts and CHO-PS70 culture media by lectin-binding assays. Results In the cortex of AD patients, we detected an increase in total APP mRNA relative to the controls, due to an increase in both the APP695 and APP-KPI variants. However, the sAPPα or sAPPβ protein levels remained unchanged, as did those of CTFα and CTFβ. We studied the glycosylation of the brain sAPPα and sAPPβ using lectins and pan-specific antibodies to discriminate between the fragments originated from neuronal APP695 and glial/KPI variants. Lectin binding identified differences in the glycosylation of sAPPβ species derived from the APP695 and APP-KPI variants, probably reflecting their distinct cellular origin. Moreover, the lectin-binding pattern differed in the sAPPα and sAPPβ originated from all the variants. Finally, when the lectin-binding pattern was compared between AD and NDC groups, significant differences were evident in sAPPα glycosylation. Lectin binding of the soluble sAPPα and sAPPβ from CHO-PS70 cells were also altered in cells treated with the Aβ peptide. Conclusion Our analysis of the lectin binding to sAPPα and sAPPβ suggests that glycosylation dictates the proteolytic pathway for APP processing. Differences between the demented and controls indicate that changes in glycosylation may influence the generation of the different APP fragments and, consequently, the pathological progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia P Boix
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Av. Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-03550, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Lopez-Font
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Av. Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-03550, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Cuchillo-Ibañez
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Av. Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-03550, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - Javier Sáez-Valero
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Av. Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-03550, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain.
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Choudhary P, Badmalia MD, Rao A. Shape-function insights into bifunctional O-GlcNActransferase of Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e. Glycobiology 2020; 31:275-287. [PMID: 32776104 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is an important post-translational modification of proteins. O-GlcNAcylated proteins have crucial roles in several cellular contexts both in eukaryotes and bacteria. O-GlcNActransferase (OGT) is the enzyme instrumental in O-GlcNAcylation of proteins. OGT is conserved across eukaryotes. The first bacterial OGT discovered is GmaR in Listeria monocytogenes. GmaR is a GT-2 family bifunctional protein that catalyzes glycosylation of the flagellin protein FlaA and controls transcription of flagellar motility genes in a temperature-dependent manner. Here, we provide methods for heterologous expression and purification of recombinant GmaR and FlaA, in vivo/in vitro glycosylation assays, analysis of the molecular form of recombinant GmaR and detailed enzyme kinetics. We study the structure and functional dynamics of GmaR. Using solution small-angle X-ray scattering and molecular modeling, we show that GmaR adopts an extended shape with two distinctly spaced structural units in the presence of cofactor Mg2+ and with donor UDP-GlcNAc and cofactor combined. Comparisons of restored structures revealed that in-solution binding of Mg2+ ions brings about shape rearrangements and induces structural-rigidity in hyper-variable regions at the N-terminus of GmaR protein. Taking function and shape data together, we describe that Mg2+ binding enables GmaR to adopt a shape that can bind the substrate. The manuscript provides the first 3D solution structure of a bacterial OGT of GT-2 family and detailed biochemical characterization of GmaR to facilitate its future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maulik D Badmalia
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | | | - Alka Rao
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160036, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad 201002, India
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42
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Ryan P, Xu M, Jahan K, Davey AK, Bharatam PV, Anoopkumar-Dukie S, Kassiou M, Mellick GD, Rudrawar S. Novel Furan-2-yl-1 H-pyrazoles Possess Inhibitory Activity against α-Synuclein Aggregation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:2303-2315. [PMID: 32551538 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel furan-2-yl-1H-pyrazoles and their chemical precursors were synthesized and evaluated for their effectiveness at disrupting α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation in vitro. The compounds were found to inhibit α-syn aggregation with efficacy comparable to the promising drug candidate anle138b. The results of this study indicate that compounds 8b, 8l, and 9f may qualify as secondary leads for the structure-activity relationship studies aimed to identify the suitable compounds for improving the modulatory activity targeted at α-syn self-assembly related to Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Ryan
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
- Quality Use of Medicines Network, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Mingming Xu
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Kousar Jahan
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 160062, India
| | - Andrew K. Davey
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
- Quality Use of Medicines Network, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Prasad V. Bharatam
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 160062, India
| | - Shailendra Anoopkumar-Dukie
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
- Quality Use of Medicines Network, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Michael Kassiou
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - George D. Mellick
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Santosh Rudrawar
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
- Quality Use of Medicines Network, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
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Zhang C, Ötjengerdes RM, Roewe J, Mejias R, Marschall ALJ. Applying Antibodies Inside Cells: Principles and Recent Advances in Neurobiology, Virology and Oncology. BioDrugs 2020; 34:435-462. [PMID: 32301049 PMCID: PMC7391400 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-020-00419-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To interfere with cell function, many scientists rely on methods that target DNA or RNA due to the ease with which they can be applied. Proteins are usually the final executors of function but are targeted only indirectly by these methods. Recent advances in targeted degradation of proteins based on proteolysis-targeting chimaeras (PROTACs), ubiquibodies, deGradFP (degrade Green Fluorescent Protein) and other approaches have demonstrated the potential of interfering directly at the protein level for research and therapy. Proteins can be targeted directly and very specifically by antibodies, but using antibodies inside cells has so far been considered to be challenging. However, it is possible to deliver antibodies or other proteins into the cytosol using standard laboratory equipment. Physical methods such as electroporation have been demonstrated to be efficient and validated thoroughly over time. The expression of intracellular antibodies (intrabodies) inside cells is another way to interfere with intracellular targets at the protein level. Methodological strategies to target the inside of cells with antibodies, including delivered antibodies and expressed antibodies, as well as applications in the research areas of neurobiology, viral infections and oncology, are reviewed here. Antibodies have already been used to interfere with a wide range of intracellular targets. Disease-related targets included proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (α-synuclein), Alzheimer's disease (amyloid-β) or Huntington's disease (mutant huntingtin [mHtt]). The applications of intrabodies in the context of viral infections include targeting proteins associated with HIV (e.g. HIV1-TAT, Rev, Vif, gp41, gp120, gp160) and different oncoviruses such as human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and Epstein-Barr virus, and they have been used to interfere with various targets related to different processes in cancer, including oncogenic pathways, proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, metastasis, angiogenesis or neo-antigens (e.g. p53, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 [HER2], signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 [STAT3], RAS-related RHO-GTPase B (RHOB), cortactin, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 [VEGFR2], Ras, Bcr-Abl). Interfering at the protein level allows questions to be addressed that may remain unanswered using alternative methods. This review addresses why direct targeting of proteins allows unique insights, what is currently feasible in vitro, and how this relates to potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Zhang
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rina M Ötjengerdes
- Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julian Roewe
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neuroimmunology and Brain TumorImmunology (D170), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rebeca Mejias
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Andrea L J Marschall
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Brunswick, Germany.
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Escobar EE, King DT, Serrano-Negrón JE, Alteen MG, Vocadlo DJ, Brodbelt JS. Precision Mapping of O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine Sites in Proteins Using Ultraviolet Photodissociation Mass Spectrometry. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:11569-11577. [PMID: 32510947 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite its central importance as a regulator of cellular physiology, identification and precise mapping of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) post-translational modification (PTM) sites in proteins by mass spectrometry (MS) remains a considerable technical challenge. This is due in part to cleavage of the glycosidic bond occurring prior to the peptide backbone during collisionally activated dissociation (CAD), which leads to generation of characteristic oxocarbenium ions and impairs glycosite localization. Herein, we leverage CAD-induced oxocarbenium ion generation to trigger ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD), an alternate high-energy deposition method that offers extensive fragmentation of peptides while leaving the glycosite intact. Upon activation using UV laser pulses, efficient photodissociation of glycopeptides is achieved with production of multiple sequence ions that enable robust and precise localization of O-GlcNAc sites. Application of this method to tryptic peptides originating from O-GlcNAcylated proteins TAB1 and Polyhomeotic confirmed previously reported O-GlcNAc sites in TAB1 (S395 and S396) and uncovered new sites within both proteins. We expect this strategy will complement existing MS/MS methods and be broadly useful for mapping O-GlcNAcylated residues of both proteins and proteomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin E Escobar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Dustin T King
- Department of Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Jesús E Serrano-Negrón
- Department of Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Matthew G Alteen
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - David J Vocadlo
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Jennifer S Brodbelt
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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Zhao H, Huang S, Palanisamy S, Wang C, Rainer G, Zhang X. Alpha-Synuclein Dopaminylation Presented in Plasma of Both Healthy Subjects and Parkinson's Disease Patients. Proteomics Clin Appl 2020; 14:e1900117. [PMID: 32538547 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201900117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) dopaminylation can lead to the death of dopaminergic neurons in the brain and is a risk factor of Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aims to examine whether such a posttranslational modification (PTM) is presented in human blood plasma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In vitro reaction simulation between α-syn and dopamine (DA) is conducted to study the biochemical mechanism. Then α-syn from human blood plasma samples is detected by using immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry (IP-MS). Lastly the levels of endogenous α-syn and α-syn dopaminylation in 88 blood plasma samples from patients with PD, major depressive disorder (MDD), and healthy control (HC) are compared. RESULTS DA modifies α-syn with the addition of dopamine-quinone (DAQ) into lysine sites of α-syn in vitro and the addition of DAQ and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL) in plasma samples. The unmodified α-syn between the PD and HC groups showed similar levels. The levels of two peptides, one with lysine 34 (34 K) DAQ modification and the other with lysine 23 (23 K) ubiquitination, are significantly higher in PD and MDD compared with HC. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Thus, α-syn dopaminylation is measurable and might be used to indicatethe presence and progression of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Zhao
- Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, CH1700, Switzerland.,Division of Biological Technology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, China, 116023
| | - Shuai Huang
- Division of Biological Technology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, China, 116023
| | - Sivakumar Palanisamy
- Division of Biological Technology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, China, 116023
| | - Cui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Dalian Central Hospital, Dalian, China, 116033
| | - Gregor Rainer
- Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, CH1700, Switzerland
| | - Xiaozhe Zhang
- Division of Biological Technology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, China, 116023
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Taujale R, Venkat A, Huang LC, Zhou Z, Yeung W, Rasheed KM, Li S, Edison AS, Moremen KW, Kannan N. Deep evolutionary analysis reveals the design principles of fold A glycosyltransferases. eLife 2020; 9:54532. [PMID: 32234211 PMCID: PMC7185993 DOI: 10.7554/elife.54532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosyltransferases (GTs) are prevalent across the tree of life and regulate nearly all aspects of cellular functions. The evolutionary basis for their complex and diverse modes of catalytic functions remain enigmatic. Here, based on deep mining of over half million GT-A fold sequences, we define a minimal core component shared among functionally diverse enzymes. We find that variations in the common core and emergence of hypervariable loops extending from the core contributed to GT-A diversity. We provide a phylogenetic framework relating diverse GT-A fold families for the first time and show that inverting and retaining mechanisms emerged multiple times independently during evolution. Using evolutionary information encoded in primary sequences, we trained a machine learning classifier to predict donor specificity with nearly 90% accuracy and deployed it for the annotation of understudied GTs. Our studies provide an evolutionary framework for investigating complex relationships connecting GT-A fold sequence, structure, function and regulation. Carbohydrates are one of the major groups of large biological molecules that regulate nearly all aspects of life. Yet, unlike DNA or proteins, carbohydrates are made without a template to follow. Instead, these molecules are built from a set of sugar-based building blocks by the intricate activities of a large and diverse family of enzymes known as glycosyltransferases. An incomplete understanding of how glycosyltransferases recognize and build diverse carbohydrates presents a major bottleneck in developing therapeutic strategies for diseases associated with abnormalities in these enzymes. It also limits efforts to engineer these enzymes for biotechnology applications and biofuel production. Taujale et al. have now used evolutionary approaches to map the evolution of a major subset of glycosyltransferases from species across the tree of life to understand how these enzymes evolved such precise mechanisms to build diverse carbohydrates. First, a minimal structural unit was defined based on being shared among a group of over half a million unique glycosyltransferase enzymes with different activities. Further analysis then showed that the diverse activities of these enzymes evolved through the accumulation of mutations within this structural unit, as well as in much more variable regions in the enzyme that extend from the minimal unit. Taujale et al. then built an extended family tree for this collection of glycosyltransferases and details of the evolutionary relationships between the enzymes helped them to create a machine learning framework that could predict which sugar-containing molecules were the raw materials for a given glycosyltransferase. This framework could make predictions with nearly 90% accuracy based only on information that can be deciphered from the gene for that enzyme. These findings will provide scientists with new hypotheses for investigating the complex relationships connecting the genetic information about glycosyltransferases with their structures and activities. Further refinement of the machine learning framework may eventually enable the design of enzymes with properties that are desirable for applications in biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahil Taujale
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Aarya Venkat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Liang-Chin Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Zhongliang Zhou
- Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Wayland Yeung
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Khaled M Rasheed
- Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Computer Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Arthur S Edison
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Kelley W Moremen
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Natarajan Kannan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
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47
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Chung YH, Lin CW, Huang HY, Chen SL, Huang HJ, Sun YC, Lee GC, Lee-Chen GJ, Chang YC, Hsieh-Li HM. Targeting Inflammation, PHA-767491 Shows a Broad Spectrum in Protein Aggregation Diseases. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:1140-1152. [PMID: 32170713 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01521-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many protein aggregation diseases (PAD) affect the nervous system. Deposits of aggregated disease-specific proteins are found within or around the neuronal cells of neurodegenerative diseases. Although the main protein component is disease-specific, oligomeric aggregates are presumed to be the key agents causing the neurotoxicity. Evidence has shown that protein aggregates cause a chronic inflammatory reaction in the brain, resulting in neurodegeneration. Therefore, strategies targeting anti-inflammation could be beneficial to the therapeutics of PAD. PHA-767491 was originally identified as an inhibitor of CDC7/CDK9 and was found to reduce TDP-43 phosphorylation and prevent neurodegeneration in TDP-43 transgenic animals. We recently identified PHA-767491 as a GSK-3β inhibitor. In this study, we established mouse hippocampal primary culture with tau-hyperphosphorylation through the activation of GSK-3β using Wortmannin and GF109203X. We found that PHA-767491 significantly improved the neurite outgrowth of hippocampal primary neurons against the neurotoxicity induced by GSK-3β. We further showed that PHA-767491 had neuroprotective ability in hippocampal primary culture under oligomeric Aβ treatment. In addition, PHA-767491 attenuated the neuroinflammation in mouse cerebellar slice culture with human TBP-109Q agitation. Further study of SCA17 transgenic mice carrying human TBP-109Q showed that PHA-767491 ameliorated the gait ataxia and the inflammatory response both centrally and peripherally. Our findings suggest that PHA-767491 has a broad spectrum of activity in the treatment of different PAD and that this activity could be based on the anti-inflammation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Chung
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Huang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ling Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hei-Jen Huang
- Department of Nursing, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chieh Sun
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Chiun Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guey-Jen Lee-Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ching Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taiwan Adventist Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiu Mei Hsieh-Li
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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48
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Mandal S, Debnath K, Jana NR, Jana NR. Trehalose-Conjugated, Catechin-Loaded Polylactide Nanoparticles for Improved Neuroprotection against Intracellular Polyglutamine Aggregates. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:1578-1586. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Mandal
- Centre for Advanced Materials and School of Material Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Koushik Debnath
- Centre for Advanced Materials and School of Material Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Nihar R. Jana
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Nikhil R. Jana
- Centre for Advanced Materials and School of Material Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
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49
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Davidowitz EJ, Krishnamurthy PK, Lopez P, Jimenez H, Adrien L, Davies P, Moe JG. In Vivo Validation of a Small Molecule Inhibitor of Tau Self-Association in htau Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 73:147-161. [PMID: 31771053 PMCID: PMC6957711 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Tau oligomers have been shown to transmit tau pathology from diseased neurons to healthy neurons through seeding, tau misfolding, and aggregation that is thought to play an influential role in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related tauopathies. To develop a small molecule therapeutic for AD and related tauopathies, we have developed in vitro and cellular assays to select molecules inhibiting the first step in tau aggregation, the self-association of tau into oligomers. In vivo validation studies of an optimized lead compound were independently performed in the htau mouse model of tauopathy that expresses the human isoforms of tau without inherited tauopathy mutations that are irrelevant to AD. Treated mice did not show any adverse events related to the compound. The lead compound significantly reduced the level of self-associated tau and total and phosphorylated insoluble tau aggregates. The dose response was linear with respect to levels of compound in the brain. A confirmatory study was performed with male htau mice that gave consistent results. The results validated our screening approach by showing that targeting tau self-association can inhibit the entire tau aggregation pathway by using the selected and optimized lead compound whose activity translated from in vitro and cellular assays to an in vivo model of tau aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Heidy Jimenez
- The Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer’s Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Leslie Adrien
- The Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer’s Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Peter Davies
- The Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer’s Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
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50
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Ryan P, Xu MM, Davey AK, Kassiou M, Mellick GD, Rudrawar S. O-GlcNAcylation of truncated NAC segment alters peptide-dependent effects on α-synuclein aggregation. Bioorg Chem 2020; 94:103389. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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