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Yoshizu D, Shimizu S, Tsuchiya M, Tomita K, Kouzuma A, Watanabe K. Isolation of Electrochemically Active Bacteria from an Anaerobic Digester Treating Food Waste and Their Characterization. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1645. [PMID: 39203487 PMCID: PMC11356707 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies have used anaerobic-digester sludge and/or effluent as inocula for bioelectrochemical systems (BESs), such as microbial fuel cells (MFCs), for power generation, while limited studies have isolated and characterized electrochemically active bacteria (EAB) that inhabit anaerobic digesters. In the present work, single-chamber MFCs were operated using the anaerobic-digester effluent as the sole source of organics and microbes, and attempts were made to isolate EAB from anode biofilms in MFCs by repeated anaerobic cultivations on agar plates. Red colonies were selected from those grown on the agar plates, resulting in the isolation of three phylogenetically diverse strains affiliated with the phyla Bacillota, Campylobacterota and Deferribacterota. All these strains are capable of current generation in pure-culture BESs, while they exhibit different electrochemical properties as assessed by cyclic voltammetry. The analyses of their cell-free extracts show that cytochromes are abundantly present in their cells, suggesting their involvement in current generation. The results suggest that anaerobic digesters harbor diverse EAB, and it would be of interest to examine their ecological niches in anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Yoshizu
- Laboratory of Bioenergy Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (D.Y.); (S.S.); (K.T.); (A.K.)
- J &T Recycling Corporation, Yokohama 230-0044, Japan;
| | - Soranosuke Shimizu
- Laboratory of Bioenergy Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (D.Y.); (S.S.); (K.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Miyu Tsuchiya
- J &T Recycling Corporation, Yokohama 230-0044, Japan;
| | - Keisuke Tomita
- Laboratory of Bioenergy Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (D.Y.); (S.S.); (K.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Atsushi Kouzuma
- Laboratory of Bioenergy Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (D.Y.); (S.S.); (K.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Kazuya Watanabe
- Laboratory of Bioenergy Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (D.Y.); (S.S.); (K.T.); (A.K.)
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Leslie N, Mena-Morcillo E, Morel A, Mauzeroll J. General Method for Fitting Kinetics from the SECM Images of Reactive Sites on Flat Surfaces. Anal Chem 2024; 96:10877-10885. [PMID: 38917090 PMCID: PMC11238733 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is a technique for imaging electrochemical reactions at a surface. The interaction between electrochemical reactions occurring at the sample and scanning electrode tip is quite complicated and requires computer modeling to obtain quantitative information from SECM images. Often, existing computer models must be modified, or a new model must be created from scratch to fit kinetic parameters for different reactive features. This work presents a method that can simulate the SECM image of a reactive feature of any shape on a flat surface which is coupled to a computer program which effectuates the automated fitting of kinetic information from these images. This fitting program is evaluated along with several methods for estimating the shapes of reactive features from their SECM images. Estimates of the reactive feature shape from SECM images were not sufficiently accurate and produced median relative errors for the surface rate constant that were >50%. Fortunately, more precise techniques for imaging the reactive features such as optical microscopy can supply sufficiently accurate shapes for the fitting procedure to produce accurate results. Fits of simulated SECM images using the actual shape from the simulation produced median relative errors for the surface rate constant that were <10% for the smallest reactive features tested. This method was applied to the SECM images of aluminum alloy AA7075 which revealed diffusion-limited kinetics for ferrocene methanol reduction over inclusions in the surface of the alloy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Leslie
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | | | - Alban Morel
- Automotive and Surface Transportation, National Research Council Canada, Saguenay, Quebec G7H 8C3, Canada
| | - Janine Mauzeroll
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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Gupta AK, Krasnoslobodtsev AV. Fueling the Future: The Emergence of Self-Powered Enzymatic Biofuel Cell Biosensors. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:316. [PMID: 39056592 PMCID: PMC11274387 DOI: 10.3390/bios14070316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Self-powered biosensors are innovative devices that can detect and analyze biological or chemical substances without the need for an external power source. These biosensors can convert energy from the surrounding environment or the analyte itself into electrical signals for sensing and data transmission. The self-powered nature of these biosensors offers several advantages, such as portability, autonomy, and reduced waste generation from disposable batteries. They find applications in various fields, including healthcare, environmental monitoring, food safety, and wearable devices. While self-powered biosensors are a promising technology, there are still challenges to address, such as improving energy efficiency, sensitivity, and stability to make them more practical and widely adopted. This review article focuses on exploring the evolving trends in self-powered biosensor design, outlining potential advantages and limitations. With a focal point on enzymatic biofuel cell power generation, this article describes various sensing mechanisms that employ the analyte as substrate or fuel for the biocatalyst's ability to generate current. Technical aspects of biofuel cells are also examined. Research and development in the field of self-powered biosensors is ongoing, and this review describes promising areas for further exploration within the field, identifying underexplored areas that could benefit from further investigation.
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Brachi M, El Housseini W, Beaver K, Jadhav R, Dantanarayana A, Boucher DG, Minteer SD. Advanced Electroanalysis for Electrosynthesis. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2024; 4:141-187. [PMID: 38585515 PMCID: PMC10995937 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.3c00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Electrosynthesis is a popular, environmentally friendly substitute for conventional organic methods. It involves using charge transfer to stimulate chemical reactions through the application of a potential or current between two electrodes. In addition to electrode materials and the type of reactor employed, the strategies for controlling potential and current have an impact on the yields, product distribution, and reaction mechanism. In this Review, recent advances related to electroanalysis applied in electrosynthesis were discussed. The first part of this study acts as a guide that emphasizes the foundations of electrosynthesis. These essentials include instrumentation, electrode selection, cell design, and electrosynthesis methodologies. Then, advances in electroanalytical techniques applied in organic, enzymatic, and microbial electrosynthesis are illustrated with specific cases studied in recent literature. To conclude, a discussion of future possibilities that intend to advance the academic and industrial areas is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Brachi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
| | - Wassim El Housseini
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
| | - Kevin Beaver
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
| | - Rohit Jadhav
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
| | - Ashwini Dantanarayana
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
| | - Dylan G. Boucher
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
| | - Shelley D. Minteer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
- Kummer
Institute Center for Resource Sustainability, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
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Ratautė K, Ratautas D. A Review from a Clinical Perspective: Recent Advances in Biosensors for the Detection of L-Amino Acids. BIOSENSORS 2023; 14:5. [PMID: 38248382 PMCID: PMC10813600 DOI: 10.3390/bios14010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The field of biosensors is filled with reports and designs of various sensors, with the vast majority focusing on glucose sensing. However, in addition to glucose, there are many other important analytes that are worth investigating as well. In particular, L-amino acids appear as important diagnostic markers for a number of conditions. However, the progress in L-amino acid detection and the development of biosensors for L-amino acids are still somewhat insufficient. In recent years, the need to determine L-amino acids from clinical samples has risen. More clinical data appear to demonstrate that abnormal concentrations of L-amino acids are related to various clinical conditions such as inherited metabolic disorders, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, muscle damage, etc. However, to this day, the diagnostic potential of L-amino acids is not yet fully established. Most likely, this is because of the difficulties in measuring L-amino acids, especially in human blood. In this review article, we extensively investigate the 'overlooked' L-amino acids. We review typical levels of amino acids present in human blood and broadly survey the importance of L-amino acids in most common conditions which can be monitored or diagnosed from changes in L-amino acids present in human blood. We also provide an overview of recent biosensors for L-amino acid monitoring and their advantages and disadvantages, with some other alternative methods for L-amino acid quantification, and finally we outline future perspectives related to the development of biosensing devices for L-amino acid monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Ratautė
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio Str. 21, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Dalius Ratautas
- Life Science Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Yeruva DK, S VM. Electrogenic engineered flow through tri-phasic wetland system for azo dye treatment: Microbial dynamics and functional metagenomics. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 334:122107. [PMID: 37369299 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Electrogenic engineered flow through tri-phasic wetland (EEFW) system based on nature-based ecological principles was studied by integrating successive biological microenvironments. The potential mechanism of the plant root-based microbial community and its functional diversity with the influence of plant-microbe-electrode synergism towards dye degradation was evaluated. The EEFW system was operated at three varied dye loads of 10, 25 and 50 mg L-1, where the results from the cumulative outlets revealed a maximum dye removal efficiency of 96%, 96.5% and 93%, respectively. Microbial community analysis depicted synergistic dependence on the plant-microbe-electrode interactions, influencing their functional diversity and metabolism towards detoxification of pollutants. The core microbial taxa enriched against the microenvironment variation were mostly associated with carbon and dye removal viz., Desulfomonile tiedjei and Rhodopseudomonas palustris in Tank 1 and Chloroflexi bacterium and Steroidobacter denitrificans in Tank 2. The degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, chloroalkane/chloroalkene, nitrotoluene, bisphenol, caprolactam and 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDT) were observed to be predominant in Tank 1. EEFW system could be one of the option for utilizing nature-based processes for the treatment of wastewater by self-induced bioelectrogenesis to augment process efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dileep Kumar Yeruva
- Bioengineering and Environmental Science Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Venkata Mohan S
- Bioengineering and Environmental Science Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Pilz F, Kielb P. Cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry or electrochemical impedance spectroscopy? Interrogating electrochemical approaches for the determination of electron transfer rates of immobilized redox proteins. BBA ADVANCES 2023; 4:100095. [PMID: 37424628 PMCID: PMC10322675 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadva.2023.100095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In this article, we cross-examine three well-established electrochemical approaches, namely cyclic voltammetry (CV), cyclic square-wave voltammetry (SWV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to dissect the electron transfer (ET) rate of electrostatically immobilized cytochrome c on Ag electrodes. A detailed analysis supported by simulations of redox transition provided three distinct values for the heterogeneous electron transfer (HET) rate constant of cyt c interfaced on COOH-terminated C10-long alkanethiol, i.e., kHET= 47.8 (±2,91) s-1 in CV, kHET= 64.8 (±1,27) s-1 in SWV, and kHET= 26.5 s-1 in EIS. We discuss the obtained discrepancies obtained from electrochemical methods and compare them with the data from spectro-electrochemical experiments. A comprehensive selection list is created from which the most applicable approach can be chosen for studying proteins of interest. CV is most applicable to study the interfaced proteins exhibiting kHET of ca. 0.5 - 70 s-1, SWV is suitable for a broader range of kHET of 5 - 120 s-1 and EIS for kHET of 0.5 to 5 s-1 if alkanethiols are used as immobilization strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F.H. Pilz
- Transdisciplinary Research Area ‘Building Blocks of Matter and Fundamental Interactions (TRA Matter)’, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Clausius Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Wegelerstr. 12, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - P. Kielb
- Transdisciplinary Research Area ‘Building Blocks of Matter and Fundamental Interactions (TRA Matter)’, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Clausius Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Wegelerstr. 12, Bonn 53115, Germany
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