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Takaki EO, Kiyono K, Obuchi Y, Yamauchi T, Watanabe T, Matsumoto H, Karimine M, Kuniyoshi Y, Nishikori S, Yokoyama F, Nishimori H, Nabeshima H, Nakamura K. A PDE3A-SLFN12 Molecular Glue Exhibits Significant Antitumor Activity in TKI-Resistant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:3603-3621. [PMID: 38864850 PMCID: PMC11325149 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-24-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), the most common mesenchymal tumor with KIT or PDGFRA driver mutations, is typically treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). However, resistance to TKIs due to secondary mutations is a common challenge in advanced GISTs. In addition, there are currently no effective therapies for several other molecular subtypes, such as succinate dehydrogenase-deficient GISTs. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies are needed. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To address this need, we tested the efficacy of a novel non-TKI compound, OPB-171775, using patient-derived xenograft models of GISTs. In parallel, we sought to elucidate the mechanism of action of the compound. RESULTS Our study revealed that OPB-171775 exhibited significant efficacy against GISTs regardless of their KIT mutation status by inducing complex formation between phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) and Schlafen family member 12 (SLFN12), which are highly expressed in GISTs, leading to SLFN12 RNase-mediated cell death. Furthermore, we identified the activation of general control non-derepressible 2 and its downstream response as an effector pathway of SLFN12 in mediating anticancer activity and revealed potential pharmacodynamic markers. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that OPB-171775, with its significant efficacy, could potentially serve as a novel and effective treatment option for advanced GISTs, particularly those resistant to TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiri O. Takaki
- Department of Medical Innovations, Osaka Research Center for Drug Discovery, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Minoh, Japan.
| | - Kunihiko Kiyono
- Fujii Memorial Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Otsu, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Obuchi
- Department of Medical Innovations, Osaka Research Center for Drug Discovery, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Minoh, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Yamauchi
- Fujii Memorial Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Otsu, Japan.
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Department of Drug Modality Development, Osaka Research Center for Drug Discovery, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Minoh, Japan.
| | - Hideki Matsumoto
- Department of Drug Modality Development, Osaka Research Center for Drug Discovery, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Minoh, Japan.
| | - Miho Karimine
- Department of Medical Innovations, Osaka Research Center for Drug Discovery, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Minoh, Japan.
| | - Yuki Kuniyoshi
- Office of Bioinformatics, Department of Drug Discovery Strategy, Osaka Research Center for Drug Discovery, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Minoh, Japan.
| | - Shingo Nishikori
- Department of Drug Modality Development, Osaka Research Center for Drug Discovery, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Minoh, Japan.
| | - Fumiharu Yokoyama
- Fujii Memorial Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Otsu, Japan.
| | - Hikaru Nishimori
- Department of Drug Modality Development, Osaka Research Center for Drug Discovery, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Minoh, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Nabeshima
- Department of Medical Innovations, Osaka Research Center for Drug Discovery, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Minoh, Japan.
| | - Kazuhide Nakamura
- Department of Medical Innovations, Osaka Research Center for Drug Discovery, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Minoh, Japan.
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2
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Ribeiro E, Costa B, Marques L, Vasques-Nóvoa F, Vale N. Enhancing Urological Cancer Treatment: Leveraging Vasodilator Synergistic Potential with 5-FU for Improved Therapeutic Outcomes. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4113. [PMID: 39064153 PMCID: PMC11277888 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13144113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Backgroud: This study investigates the potential of vasodilator drugs as additive therapy in the treatment of urological cancers, particularly in combination with the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Methods: The study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of sildenafil, tezosentan and levosimendan alone and in combination with 5-FU on urological cancer cell lines. The assessment included MTT assays, colony formation assays and wound healing assays to determine cell viability, proliferative capacity, and migratory behavior, respectively. Results: Sildenafil and tezosentan showed limited cytotoxic effects, while levosimendan demonstrated moderate anticancer activity. The combination of levosimendan and 5-FU exhibited an additive interaction, enhancing cytotoxicity against cancer cells while sparing normal cells. Levosimendan also inhibited cell migration and proliferation, potentially through mechanisms involving the modulation of cAMP levels and nitric oxide production. Conclusions: The findings suggest that levosimendan can be used in conjunction with 5-FU to reduce the required dose of 5-FU, thereby minimizing side effects without compromising therapeutic efficacy. This study offers a new perspective for enhancing therapeutic outcomes in patients with urological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Ribeiro
- PerMed Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (E.R.); (B.C.); (L.M.)
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Barbara Costa
- PerMed Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (E.R.); (B.C.); (L.M.)
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Lara Marques
- PerMed Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (E.R.); (B.C.); (L.M.)
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisco Vasques-Nóvoa
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Nuno Vale
- PerMed Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (E.R.); (B.C.); (L.M.)
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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3
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Greulich H. Velcrin compounds activate the SLFN12 tRNase to induce tomoptosis. Cell Chem Biol 2024; 31:1039-1043. [PMID: 38906108 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Velcrins are molecular glues that induce complex formation between PDE3A and SLFN12. The PDE3A-SLFN12 complex activates the SLFN12 RNase, resulting in cleavage of the specific substrate, tRNA-Leu-TAA, global inhibition of translation, and death of cells expressing sufficient levels of both proteins. Here, unanswered questions about the mechanism of action and therapeutic promise of velcrin compounds are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Greulich
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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4
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Aquilanti E, Goldoni S, Baker A, Kotynkova K, Andersen S, Bozinov V, Gao GF, Cherniack AD, Lange M, Lesche R, Kopitz C, Lienau P, Lewis TA, Garrido M, Gradl S, Seidel H, Tseng YY, Ligon KL, Wen PY, Meyerson M, Greulich H. Velcrin molecular glues induce apoptosis in glioblastomas with high PDE3A and SLFN12 expression. Neurooncol Adv 2024; 6:vdae115. [PMID: 39166256 PMCID: PMC11333922 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdae115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Velcrins are molecular glues that kill cells by inducing the formation of a protein complex between the RNase SLFN12 and the phosphodiesterase PDE3A. Formation of the complex activates SLFN12, which cleaves tRNALeu(TAA) and induces apoptosis. Velcrins such as the clinical investigational compound, BAY 2666605, were found to have activity across multiple solid tumor cell lines from the cancer cell line encyclopedia, including glioblastoma cell lines. We therefore aim to characterize velcrins as novel therapeutic agents in glioblastoma. Materials and Methods PDE3A and SLFN12 expression levels were measured in glioblastoma cell lines, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) tumor samples, and tumor neurospheres. Velcrin-treated cells were assayed for viability, induction of apoptosis, cell cycle phases, and global changes in translation. Transcriptional profiling of the cells was obtained. Xenograft-harboring mice treated with velcrins were also monitored for survival. Results We identified several velcrin-sensitive glioblastoma cell lines and 4 velcrin-sensitive glioblastoma patient-derived models. We determined that BAY 2666605 crosses the blood-brain barrier and elicits full tumor regression in an orthotopic xenograft model of GB1 cells. We also determined that the velcrins BAY 2666605 and BRD3800 induce tumor regression in subcutaneous glioblastoma PDX models. Conclusions Velcrins have antitumor activity in preclinical models of glioblastoma, warranting further investigation as potential therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Aquilanti
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Silvia Goldoni
- Bayer Pharmaceuticals, Research and Early Development Oncology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew Baker
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Sawyer Andersen
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vincent Bozinov
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Galen F Gao
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew D Cherniack
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Martin Lange
- Nuvisan ICB GmbH, Therapeutic Research, Berlin, Germany
- Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Lesche
- Nuvisan ICB GmbH, Therapeutic Research, Berlin, Germany
- Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Charlotte Kopitz
- Nuvisan ICB GmbH, Therapeutic Research, Berlin, Germany
- Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philip Lienau
- Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Timothy A Lewis
- Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marine Garrido
- Bayer Consumer Care AG, Research and Early Development Oncology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Gradl
- Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrik Seidel
- Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yuen-Yi Tseng
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Keith L Ligon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston Children’s Hospital, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick Y Wen
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew Meyerson
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Heidi Greulich
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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5
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Toivanen K, Kilpinen S, Ojala K, Merikoski N, Salmikangas S, Sampo M, Böhling T, Sihto H. PDE3A Is a Highly Expressed Therapy Target in Myxoid Liposarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5308. [PMID: 38001568 PMCID: PMC10669966 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Liposarcomas (LPSs) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies that arise from adipose tissue. Although LPSs are among the most common soft-tissue sarcoma subtypes, precision medicine treatments are not currently available. To discover LPS-subtype-specific therapy targets, we investigated RNA sequenced transcriptomes of 131 clinical LPS tissue samples and compared the data with a transcriptome database that contained 20,218 samples from 95 healthy tissues and 106 cancerous tissue types. The identified genes were referred to the NCATS BioPlanet library with Enrichr to analyze upregulated signaling pathways. PDE3A protein expression was investigated with immunohistochemistry in 181 LPS samples, and PDE3A and SLFN12 mRNA expression with RT-qPCR were investigated in 63 LPS samples. Immunoblotting and cell viability assays were used to study LPS cell lines and their sensitivity to PDE3A modulators. We identified 97, 247, and 37 subtype-specific, highly expressed genes in dedifferentiated, myxoid, and pleomorphic LPS subtypes, respectively. Signaling pathway analysis revealed a highly activated hedgehog signaling pathway in dedifferentiated LPS, phospholipase c mediated cascade and insulin signaling in myxoid LPS, and pathways associated with cell proliferation in pleomorphic LPS. We discovered a strong association between high PDE3A expression and myxoid LPS, particularly in high-grade tumors. Moreover, myxoid LPS samples showed elevated expression levels of SLFN12 mRNA. In addition, PDE3A- and SLFN12-coexpressing LPS cell lines SA4 and GOT3 were sensitive to PDE3A modulators. Our results indicate that PDE3A modulators are promising drugs to treat myxoid LPS. Further studies are required to develop these drugs for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi Toivanen
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (N.M.); (S.S.); (T.B.); (H.S.)
| | - Sami Kilpinen
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Kalle Ojala
- HUS Vatsakeskus, Helsinki University Hospital, PL 340, 00290 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Nanna Merikoski
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (N.M.); (S.S.); (T.B.); (H.S.)
| | - Sami Salmikangas
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (N.M.); (S.S.); (T.B.); (H.S.)
| | - Mika Sampo
- Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00029 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Tom Böhling
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (N.M.); (S.S.); (T.B.); (H.S.)
| | - Harri Sihto
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (N.M.); (S.S.); (T.B.); (H.S.)
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6
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Koçak R, Güney M. One-Pot Synthesis of Polycyclic 4,5-Dihydropyridazine-3(2H)-ones by Inverse Electron-Demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) Reactions from Alkenes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302096. [PMID: 37548107 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
In the classical Inverse Electron-Demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reactions between alkenes and tetrazines, 4,5-dihydropyridazines are formed. 4,5-Dihydropyridazines are rapidly converted to the more energetically stable 1,4-dihydropyridazines by 1,3-prototropic isomerization. In this study, instead of 1,4-dihydropyridazines, 4,5-dihydropyridazine-3(2H)-ones were obtained as a result of IEDDA reactions between tetrazines with leaving groups at the 3,6-positions, and norbornene and barrelene-derived polycyclic alkenes in the presence of moisture in air or solvent. To show that this new method works not only on strained polycyclic alkenes but also on monocyclic and linear alkenes, the corresponding 4,5-dihydropyridazine-3(2H)-ones were obtained in high yields from the reactions performed with styrene and cyclopentene as well. The chemical structures of the polycyclic 4,5-dihydropyridazine-3(2H)-ones were determined by NMR and HRMS analyses. In addition, the exact structures of the polycyclic 4,5-dihydropyridazine-3(2H)-ones were also experimentally proven by converting them to pyridazine-3(2H)-ones known in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramazan Koçak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, 04100, Turkey
| | - Murat Güney
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, 04100, Turkey
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, 04100, Turkey
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7
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Ribeiro E, Vale N. Understanding the Clinical Use of Levosimendan and Perspectives on its Future in Oncology. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1296. [PMID: 37759695 PMCID: PMC10526140 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug repurposing, also known as repositioning or reprofiling, has emerged as a promising strategy to accelerate drug discovery and development. This approach involves identifying new medical indications for existing approved drugs, harnessing the extensive knowledge of their bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy. Levosimendan, a calcium sensitizer initially approved for heart failure, has been repurposed for oncology due to its multifaceted pharmacodynamics, including phosphodiesterase 3 inhibition, nitric oxide production and reduction of reactive oxygen species. Studies have demonstrated that levosimendan inhibits cancer cell migration and sensitizes hypoxic cells to radiation. Moreover, it exerts organ-protective effects by activating mitochondrial potassium channels. Combining levosimendan with traditional anticancer agents such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has shown a synergistic effect in bladder cancer cells, highlighting its potential as a novel therapeutic approach. This drug repurposing strategy offers a cost-effective and time-efficient solution for developing new treatments, ultimately contributing to the advancement of cancer therapeutics and improved outcomes for patients. Further investigations and clinical trials are warranted to validate the effectiveness of levosimendan in oncology and explore its potential benefits in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Ribeiro
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Vale
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Community Medicine, Health Information and Decision (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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8
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Kobayashi-Ishihara M, Frazão Smutná K, Alonso FE, Argilaguet J, Esteve-Codina A, Geiger K, Genescà M, Grau-Expósito J, Duran-Castells C, Rogenmoser S, Böttcher R, Jungfleisch J, Oliva B, Martinez JP, Li M, David M, Yamagishi M, Ruiz-Riol M, Brander C, Tsunetsugu-Yokota Y, Buzon MJ, Díez J, Meyerhans A. Schlafen 12 restricts HIV-1 latency reversal by a codon-usage dependent post-transcriptional block in CD4+ T cells. Commun Biol 2023; 6:487. [PMID: 37165099 PMCID: PMC10172343 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04841-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Latency is a major barrier towards virus elimination in HIV-1-infected individuals. Yet, the mechanisms that contribute to the maintenance of HIV-1 latency are incompletely understood. Here we describe the Schlafen 12 protein (SLFN12) as an HIV-1 restriction factor that establishes a post-transcriptional block in HIV-1-infected cells and thereby inhibits HIV-1 replication and virus reactivation from latently infected cells. The inhibitory activity is dependent on the HIV-1 codon usage and on the SLFN12 RNase active sites. Within HIV-1-infected individuals, SLFN12 expression in PBMCs correlated with HIV-1 plasma viral loads and proviral loads suggesting a link with the general activation of the immune system. Using an RNA FISH-Flow HIV-1 reactivation assay, we demonstrate that SLFN12 expression is enriched in infected cells positive for HIV-1 transcripts but negative for HIV-1 proteins. Thus, codon-usage dependent translation inhibition of HIV-1 proteins participates in HIV-1 latency and can restrict the amount of virus release after latency reversal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mie Kobayashi-Ishihara
- Infection Biology Group, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Molecular Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Katarína Frazão Smutná
- Infection Biology Group, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Florencia E Alonso
- Infection Biology Group, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Argilaguet
- Infection Biology Group, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Unitat mixta d'Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal. Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
- IRTA. Programa de Sanitat Animal. Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Anna Esteve-Codina
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG), Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kerstin Geiger
- Infection Biology Group, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Genescà
- Infectious Disease Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebrón, Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Grau-Expósito
- Infectious Disease Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebrón, Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Duran-Castells
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Selina Rogenmoser
- Infection Biology Group, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - René Böttcher
- Molecular Virology Group, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jennifer Jungfleisch
- Molecular Virology Group, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Baldomero Oliva
- Structural Bioinformatics Group, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier P Martinez
- Infection Biology Group, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manqing Li
- Section of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael David
- Section of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Makoto Yamagishi
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marta Ruiz-Riol
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christian Brander
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
- Institució de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yasuko Tsunetsugu-Yokota
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Human Sciences, Tokyo University of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maria J Buzon
- Infectious Disease Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebrón, Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juana Díez
- Molecular Virology Group, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Andreas Meyerhans
- Infection Biology Group, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institució de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
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9
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Meanwell NA. Anagrelide: A Clinically Effective cAMP Phosphodiesterase 3A Inhibitor with Molecular Glue Properties. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:350-361. [PMID: 37077378 PMCID: PMC10108399 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The mode of action by which the orphan drug anagrelide (1), a potent cAMP phosphodiesterase 3A inhibitor, reduces blood platelet count in humans is not well understood. Recent studies indicate that 1 stabilizes a complex between PDE3A and Schlafen 12, protecting it from degradation while activating its RNase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A. Meanwell
- The Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, 3805 Old Easton Road, Doylestown, Pennsylvania 18902, United States
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10
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Lee S, Hoyt S, Wu X, Garvie C, McGaunn J, Shekhar M, Tötzl M, Rees MG, Cherniack AD, Meyerson M, Greulich H. Velcrin-induced selective cleavage of tRNA Leu(TAA) by SLFN12 causes cancer cell death. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:301-310. [PMID: 36302897 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-022-01170-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Velcrin compounds kill cancer cells expressing high levels of phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) and Schlafen family member 12 (SLFN12) by inducing complex formation between these two proteins, but the mechanism of cancer cell killing by the PDE3A-SLFN12 complex is not fully understood. Here, we report that the physiological substrate of SLFN12 RNase is tRNALeu(TAA). SLFN12 selectively digests tRNALeu(TAA), and velcrin treatment promotes the cleavage of tRNALeu(TAA) by inducing PDE3A-SLFN12 complex formation in vitro. We found that distinct sequences in the variable loop and acceptor stem of tRNALeu(TAA) are required for substrate digestion. Velcrin treatment of sensitive cells results in downregulation of tRNALeu(TAA), ribosome pausing at Leu-TTA codons and global inhibition of protein synthesis. Velcrin-induced cleavage of tRNALeu(TAA) by SLFN12 and the concomitant global inhibition of protein synthesis thus define a new mechanism of apoptosis initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooncheol Lee
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Xiaoyun Wu
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Astra-Zeneca, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Colin Garvie
- Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Mrinal Shekhar
- Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marcus Tötzl
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Andrew D Cherniack
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Meyerson
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heidi Greulich
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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11
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Qin R, You FM, Zhao Q, Xie X, Peng C, Zhan G, Han B. Naturally derived indole alkaloids targeting regulated cell death (RCD) for cancer therapy: from molecular mechanisms to potential therapeutic targets. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:133. [PMID: 36104717 PMCID: PMC9471064 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01350-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulated cell death (RCD) is a critical and active process that is controlled by specific signal transduction pathways and can be regulated by genetic signals or drug interventions. Meanwhile, RCD is closely related to the occurrence and therapy of multiple human cancers. Generally, RCD subroutines are the key signals of tumorigenesis, which are contributed to our better understanding of cancer pathogenesis and therapeutics. Indole alkaloids derived from natural sources are well defined for their outstanding biological and pharmacological properties, like vincristine, vinblastine, staurosporine, indirubin, and 3,3′-diindolylmethane, which are currently used in the clinic or under clinical assessment. Moreover, such compounds play a significant role in discovering novel anticancer agents. Thus, here we systemically summarized recent advances in indole alkaloids as anticancer agents by targeting different RCD subroutines, including the classical apoptosis and autophagic cell death signaling pathways as well as the crucial signaling pathways of other RCD subroutines, such as ferroptosis, mitotic catastrophe, necroptosis, and anoikis, in cancer. Moreover, we further discussed the cross talk between different RCD subroutines mediated by indole alkaloids and the combined strategies of multiple agents (e.g., 3,10-dibromofascaplysin combined with olaparib) to exhibit therapeutic potential against various cancers by regulating RCD subroutines. In short, the information provided in this review on the regulation of cell death by indole alkaloids against different targets is expected to be beneficial for the design of novel molecules with greater targeting and biological properties, thereby facilitating the development of new strategies for cancer therapy.
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12
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Structural, molecular, and functional insights into Schlafen proteins. EXPERIMENTAL & MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2022; 54:730-738. [PMID: 35768579 PMCID: PMC9256597 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00794-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Schlafen (SLFN) genes belong to a vertebrate gene family encoding proteins with high sequence homology. However, each SLFN is functionally divergent and differentially expressed in various tissues and species, showing a wide range of expression in cancer and normal cells. SLFNs are involved in various cellular and tissue-specific processes, including DNA replication, proliferation, immune and interferon responses, viral infections, and sensitivity to DNA-targeted anticancer agents. The fundamental molecular characteristics of SLFNs and their structures are beginning to be elucidated. Here, we review recent structural insights into the N-terminal, middle and C-terminal domains (N-, M-, and C-domains, respectively) of human SLFNs and discuss the current understanding of their biological roles. We review the distinct molecular activities of SLFN11, SLFN5, and SLFN12 and the relevance of SLFN11 as a predictive biomarker in oncology. The diverse roles that Schlafen family proteins play in cell proliferation, immune modulation, and other biological processes make them promising targets for treating and tracking diseases, especially cancer. Ukhyun Jo and Yves Pommier from the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, USA, review the molecular characteristics and structural features of Schlafen proteins. These proteins take their name from the German word for “sleep”, as the first described Schlafen proteins caused cells to stop dividing, although later reports found that related members of the same protein family serve myriad cellular functions, including in the regulation of DNA replication. A better understanding of Schlafen proteins could open up new avenues in cancer management, for instance, diagnostics that monitor activity levels of one such protein, SLFN11, could help oncologists predict how well patients might respond to anti-cancer therapies.
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13
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Yan B, Ding Z, Zhang W, Cai G, Han H, Ma Y, Cao Y, Wang J, Chen S, Ai Y. Multiple PDE3A modulators act as molecular glues promoting PDE3A-SLFN12 interaction and induce SLFN12 dephosphorylation and cell death. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:958-969.e5. [PMID: 35104454 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The canonical function of phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) is to hydrolyze the phosphodiester bonds in second messenger molecules, such as cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Recently, a phosphodiesterase-activity-independent role for PDE3A was reported. In this noncanonical function, PDE3A physically interacts with Schlafen 12 (SLFN12) upon treatment of cells with cytotoxic PDE3A modulators. Here, we confirmed that the cytotoxic PDE3A modulators act as molecular glues to initiate the association of PDE3A and SLFN12. The PDE3A-SLFN12 interaction increases the protein stability of SLFN12 located in the cytoplasm, while at the same time also inducing SLFN12 dephosphorylation (including serines 368 and 573). Mutational analysis demonstrates that dephosphorylation is required for cell death induced by cytotoxic PDE3A modulators. Finally, we found that dephosphorylation promoted the rRNA RNase activity of SLFN12 and show that this nucleolytic activity is essential for SLFN12's cell-death-inducing function. Thus, our study deepens the understanding of the biochemical mechanisms underlying SLFN12-mediated cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China; National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangcheng Ding
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China; Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China; School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaihong Cai
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Han
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Ma
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Cao
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - She Chen
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China; Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Youwei Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Yumi Noronha N, da Silva Rodrigues G, Harumi Yonehara Noma I, Fernanda Cunha Brandao C, Pereira Rodrigues K, Colello Bruno A, Sae-Lee C, Moriguchi Watanabe L, Augusta de Souza Pinhel M, Mello Schineider I, Luciano de Almeida M, Barbosa Júnior F, Araújo Morais D, Tavares de Sousa Júnior W, Plösch T, Roberto Bueno Junior C, Barbosa Nonino C. 14-weeks combined exercise epigenetically modulated 118 genes of menopausal women with prediabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:895489. [PMID: 36046788 PMCID: PMC9423096 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.895489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-diabetes precedes Diabetes Mellitus (DM) disease and is a critical period for hyperglycemia treatment, especially for menopausal women, considering all metabolic alterations due to hormonal changes. Recently, the literature has demonstrated the role of physical exercise in epigenetic reprogramming to modulate the gene expression patterns of metabolic conditions, such as hyperglycemia, and prevent DM development. In the present study, we hypothesized that physical exercise training could modify the epigenetic patterns of women with poor glycemic control. METHODS 48 post-menopause women aged 60.3 ± 4.5 years were divided according to their fasting blood glucose levels into two groups: Prediabetes Group, PG (n=24), and Normal Glucose Group, NGG (n=24). All participants performed 14 weeks of physical exercise three times a week. The Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip measured the participants' Different Methylated Regions (DMRs). RESULTS Before the intervention, the PG group had 12 DMRs compared to NGG. After the intervention, five DMRs remained different. Interestingly, when comparing the PG group before and after training, 118 DMRs were found. The enrichment analysis revealed that the genes were related to different biological functions such as energy metabolism, cell differentiation, and tumor suppression. CONCLUSION Physical exercise is a relevant alternative in treating hyperglycemia and preventing DM in post-menopause women with poor glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Yumi Noronha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme da Silva Rodrigues
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Guilherme da Silva Rodrigues,
| | - Isabella Harumi Yonehara Noma
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Fernanda Cunha Brandao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Physical Education School, Minas Gerais State University, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Karine Pereira Rodrigues
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Colello Bruno
- Department of Radiotherapy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School Hospital and Clinics, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chanachai Sae-Lee
- Research Division, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Marcela Augusta de Souza Pinhel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Molecular Biology, São José do Rio Preto Medical School, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fernando Barbosa Júnior
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Déborah Araújo Morais
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Wellington Tavares de Sousa Júnior
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Torsten Plösch
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Carlos Roberto Bueno Junior
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Ribeirão Preto School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Barbosa Nonino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Schlafens: Emerging Proteins in Cancer Cell Biology. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092238. [PMID: 34571887 PMCID: PMC8465726 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Schlafens (SLFN) are a family of genes widely expressed in mammals, including humans and rodents. These intriguing proteins play different roles in regulating cell proliferation, cell differentiation, immune cell growth and maturation, and inhibiting viral replication. The emerging evidence is implicating Schlafens in cancer biology and chemosensitivity. Although Schlafens share common domains and a high degree of homology, different Schlafens act differently. In particular, they show specific and occasionally opposing effects in some cancer types. This review will briefly summarize the history, structure, and non-malignant biological functions of Schlafens. The roles of human and mouse Schlafens in different cancer types will then be outlined. Finally, we will discuss the implication of Schlafens in the anti-tumor effect of interferons and the use of Schlafens as predictors of chemosensitivity.
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16
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Structure of PDE3A-SLFN12 complex reveals requirements for activation of SLFN12 RNase. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4375. [PMID: 34272366 PMCID: PMC8285493 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24495-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DNMDP and related compounds, or velcrins, induce complex formation between the phosphodiesterase PDE3A and the SLFN12 protein, leading to a cytotoxic response in cancer cells that express elevated levels of both proteins. The mechanisms by which velcrins induce complex formation, and how the PDE3A-SLFN12 complex causes cancer cell death, are not fully understood. Here, we show that PDE3A and SLFN12 form a heterotetramer stabilized by binding of DNMDP. Interactions between the C-terminal alpha helix of SLFN12 and residues near the active site of PDE3A are required for complex formation, and are further stabilized by interactions between SLFN12 and DNMDP. Moreover, we demonstrate that SLFN12 is an RNase, that PDE3A binding increases SLFN12 RNase activity, and that SLFN12 RNase activity is required for DNMDP response. This new mechanistic understanding will facilitate development of velcrin compounds into new cancer therapies. The small molecule DNMDP acts as a velcrin by inducing complex formation between phosphodiesterase PDE3A and SLFN12, which kills cancer cells that express sufficient levels of both proteins. Here, the authors present the cryo-EM structure of the DNMDP-stabilized PDE3A-SLFN12 complex and show that SLFN12 is an RNase. PDE3A binding increases SLFN12 RNase activity, and SLFN12 RNase activity is required for DNMDP-mediated cancer cell killing.
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17
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Huang M, Lyu C, Li X, Qureshi AA, Han J, Li M. Identifying Susceptibility Loci for Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using a Fast Sequence Kernel Association Test. Front Genet 2021; 12:657499. [PMID: 34040636 PMCID: PMC8141858 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.657499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) accounts for about 20% of all skin cancers, the most common type of malignancy in the United States. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully identified multiple genetic variants associated with the risk of cSCC. Most of these studies were single-locus-based, testing genetic variants one-at-a-time. In this article, we performed gene-based association tests to evaluate the joint effect of multiple variants, especially rare variants, on the risk of cSCC by using a fast sequence kernel association test (fastSKAT). The study included 1,710 cSCC cases and 24,304 cancer-free controls from the Nurses' Health Study, the Nurses' Health Study II and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. We used UCSC Genome Browser to define gene units as candidate loci, and further evaluated the association between all variants within each gene unit and disease outcome. Four genes HP1BP3, DAG1, SEPT7P2, and SLFN12 were identified using Bonferroni adjusted significance level. Our study is complementary to the existing GWASs, and our findings may provide additional insights into the etiology of cSCC. Further studies are needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyan Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University at Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Chen Lyu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University at Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Abrar A Qureshi
- Department of Dermatology, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Jiali Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University at Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
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18
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Wang H, Qin Z, Yan A. Classification models and SAR analysis on CysLT1 receptor antagonists using machine learning algorithms. Mol Divers 2021; 25:1597-1616. [PMID: 33534023 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-020-10165-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cysteinyl leukotrienes 1 (CysLT1) receptor is a promising drug target for rhinitis or other allergic diseases. In our study, we built classification models to predict bioactivities of CysLT1 receptor antagonists. We built a dataset with 503 CysLT1 receptor antagonists which were divided into two groups: highly active molecules (IC50 < 1000 nM) and weakly active molecules (IC50 ≥ 1000 nM). The molecules were characterized by several descriptors including CORINA descriptors, MACCS fingerprints, Morgan fingerprint and molecular SMILES. For CORINA descriptors and two types of fingerprints, we used the random forests (RF) and deep neural networks (DNN) to build models. For molecular SMILES, we used recurrent neural networks (RNN) with the self-attention to build models. The accuracies of test sets for all models reached 85%, and the accuracy of the best model (Model 2C) was 93%. In addition, we made structure-activity relationship (SAR) analyses on CysLT1 receptor antagonists, which were based on the output from the random forest models and RNN model. It was found that highly active antagonists usually contained the common substructures such as tetrazoles, indoles and quinolines. These substructures may improve the bioactivity of the CysLT1 receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijian Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Aixia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Ai Y, He H, Chen P, Yan B, Zhang W, Ding Z, Li D, Chen J, Ma Y, Cao Y, Zhu J, Li J, Ou J, Du S, Wang X, Ma J, Gao S, Qi X. An alkaloid initiates phosphodiesterase 3A-schlafen 12 dependent apoptosis without affecting the phosphodiesterase activity. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3236. [PMID: 32591543 PMCID: PMC7319972 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17052-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The promotion of apoptosis in tumor cells is a popular strategy for developing anti-cancer drugs. Here, we demonstrate that the plant indole alkaloid natural product nauclefine induces apoptosis of diverse cancer cells via a PDE3A-SLFN12 dependent death pathway. Nauclefine binds PDE3A but does not inhibit the PDE3A's phosphodiesterase activity, thus representing a previously unknown type of PDE3A modulator that can initiate apoptosis without affecting PDE3A's canonical function. We demonstrate that PDE3A's H840, Q975, Q1001, and F1004 residues-as well as I105 in SLFN12-are essential for nauclefine-induced PDE3A-SLFN12 interaction and cell death. Extending these molecular insights, we show in vivo that nauclefine inhibits tumor xenograft growth, doing so in a PDE3A- and SLFN12-dependent manner. Thus, beyond demonstrating potent cytotoxic effects of an alkaloid natural product, our study illustrates a potentially side-effect-reducing strategy for targeting PDE3A for anti-cancer therapeutics without affecting its phosphodiesterase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Ai
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China.
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, 102206, Beijing, China.
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Haibing He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663N Zhongshan Road, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Peihao Chen
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, 102206, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Yan
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, 102206, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, 102206, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhangcheng Ding
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, 102206, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dianrong Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, 102206, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, 102206, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Ma
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, 102206, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Cao
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, 102206, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, 102206, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaojiao Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, 102206, Beijing, China
| | - Jinjie Ou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663N Zhongshan Road, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Du
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663N Zhongshan Road, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, 102206, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhang Ma
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China.
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663N Zhongshan Road, 200062, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiangbing Qi
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, 102206, Beijing, China.
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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