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Sun M, Dong Z, Wu L, Yao H, Niu W, Xu D, Chen P, Gupta HS, Zhang Y, Dong Y, Chen C, Zhao L. Fast extraction of three-dimensional nanofiber orientation from WAXD patterns using machine learning. IUCRJ 2023; 10:297-308. [PMID: 36961758 PMCID: PMC10161767 DOI: 10.1107/s205225252300204x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Structural disclosure of biological materials can help our understanding of design disciplines in nature and inspire research for artificial materials. Synchrotron microfocus X-ray diffraction is one of the main techniques for characterizing hierarchically structured biological materials, especially the 3D orientation distribution of their interpenetrating nanofiber networks. However, extraction of 3D fiber orientation from X-ray patterns is still carried out by iterative parametric fitting, with disadvantages of time consumption and demand for expertise and initial parameter estimates. When faced with high-throughput experiments, existing analysis methods cannot meet the real time analysis challenges. In this work, using the assumption that the X-ray illuminated volume is dominated by two groups of nanofibers in a gradient biological composite, a machine-learning based method is proposed for fast and automatic fiber orientation metrics prediction from synchrotron X-ray micro-focused diffraction data. The simulated data were corrupted in the training procedure to guarantee the prediction ability of the trained machine-learning algorithm in real-world experimental data predictions. Label transformation was used to resolve the jump discontinuity problem when predicting angle parameters. The proposed method shows promise for application in the automatic data-processing pipeline for fast analysis of the vast data generated from multiscale diffraction-based tomography characterization of textured biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Sun
- Multidisciplinary Initiative Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Dong
- Multidisciplinary Initiative Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyuan Wu
- Multidisciplinary Initiative Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Haodong Yao
- Multidisciplinary Initiative Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenchao Niu
- Multidisciplinary Initiative Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Deting Xu
- Multidisciplinary Initiative Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Chen
- Multidisciplinary Initiative Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Himadri S Gupta
- School of Engineering and Material Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Yi Zhang
- Multidisciplinary Initiative Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Dong
- Multidisciplinary Initiative Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunying Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Zhao
- Multidisciplinary Initiative Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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Grünewald TA, Johannes A, Wittig NK, Palle J, Rack A, Burghammer M, Birkedal H. Bone mineral properties and 3D orientation of human lamellar bone around cement lines and the Haversian system. IUCRJ 2023; 10:189-198. [PMID: 36786504 PMCID: PMC9980387 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252523000866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Bone is a complex, biological tissue made up primarily of collagen fibrils and biomineral nanoparticles. The importance of hierarchical organization in bone was realized early on, but the actual interplay between structural features and the properties on the nanostructural and crystallographic level is still a matter of intense discussion. Bone is the only mineralized tissue that can be remodeled and, at the start of the formation of new bone during this process, a structure called a cement line is formed on which regular bone grows. Here, the orientational relationship of nanostructural and crystallographic constituents as well as the structural properties of both nanostructural and crystallographic constituents around cement lines and the Haversian system in human lamellar bone are investigated. A combination of small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering tensor tomography is employed together with diffraction tomography and synchrotron computed tomography to generate a multi-modal image of the sample. This work shows that the mineral properties vary as a function of the distance to the Haversian canal and, importantly, shows that the cement line has differing mineral properties from the surrounding lamellar bone, in particular with respect to crystallite size and degree of orientation. Cement lines make up a significant portion of the bone matrix despite their small size, hence the reported findings on an altered mineral structure, together with the spatial modulation around the Haversian canal, have implications for the formation and mechanics of bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilman A. Grünewald
- The European Synchrotron, Avenue des Martyrs 71, Grenoble 38000, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille 13013, France
- Correspondence e-mail: ,
| | - Andreas Johannes
- The European Synchrotron, Avenue des Martyrs 71, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Nina K. Wittig
- Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds vej 14, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Jonas Palle
- Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds vej 14, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Alexander Rack
- The European Synchrotron, Avenue des Martyrs 71, Grenoble 38000, France
| | | | - Henrik Birkedal
- Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds vej 14, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
- Correspondence e-mail: ,
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Multimodal imaging of cubic Cu 2O@Au nanocage formation via galvanic replacement using X-ray ptychography and nano diffraction. Sci Rep 2023; 13:318. [PMID: 36609430 PMCID: PMC9823101 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26877-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Being able to observe the formation of multi-material nanostructures in situ, simultaneously from a morphological and crystallographic perspective, is a challenging task. Yet, this is essential for the fabrication of nanomaterials with well-controlled composition exposing the most active crystallographic surfaces, as required for highly active catalysts in energy applications. To demonstrate how X-ray ptychography can be combined with scanning nanoprobe diffraction to realize multimodal imaging, we study growing Cu2O nanocubes and their transformation into Au nanocages. During the growth of nanocubes at a temperature of 138 °C, we measure the crystal structure of an individual nanoparticle and determine the presence of (100) crystallographic facets at its surface. We subsequently visualize the transformation of Cu2O into Au nanocages by galvanic replacement. The nanocubes interior homogeneously dissolves while smaller Au particles grow on their surface and later coalesce to form porous nanocages. We finally determine the amount of radiation damage making use of the quantitative phase images. We find that both the total surface dose as well as the dose rate imparted by the X-ray beam trigger additional deposition of Au onto the nanocages. Our multimodal approach can benefit in-solution imaging of multi-material nanostructures in many related fields.
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Liu J, Makowski L. Scanning x-ray microdiffraction: In situ molecular imaging of tissue and materials. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2022; 75:102421. [PMID: 35834949 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2022.102421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Scanning x-ray microdiffraction of complex tissues and materials is an emerging method for the study of macromolecular structures in situ, providing information on the way molecular constituents are arranged and interact with their microenvironment. Acting as a bridge between high-resolution images of individual constituents and lower resolution microscopies that generate global views of material, scanning microdiffraction provides an approach to study the functioning of complex tissues across multiple length scales. Here, we discuss the methodology, summarize results from recent studies, and discuss the potential of the technique for future studies coordinated with other biophysical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiliang Liu
- The European Radiation Synchrotron Facility (ESRF), Grenoble, France
| | - Lee Makowski
- Bioengineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
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He Z, Wang JL, Chen SM, Liu JW, Yu SH. Self-Assembly of Nanowires: From Dynamic Monitoring to Precision Control. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:1480-1491. [PMID: 35578915 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusNatural biomaterials often show ordered nanowire structures (ONWS) which display unique structural color or superior mechanical performance. Meanwhile, plenty of modern nanodevices with ONWS have flourished with activities focused on both basic and applied research. Manipulating synthetic nanowire (NW) from a disordered state to a hierarchically ordered structure via various assembly strategies brings about intriguing and exotic chemical/physical properties. In the past decades, many methods have been developed to assemble NWs and fabricate organized architectures, such as Langmuir-Blodgett interfacial assembly, spin-coating assembly, fluid-flow-induced assembly, and ice-template assembly. Nevertheless, for practical applications, large-scale and high-efficiency assembly strategies toward precise controlled architectures are largely limited by the lack understanding of assembly mechanisms. Especially, the manipulation principles and driving forces behind the state-of-art assembly strategies are still unclear. Besides, the lesser research attention on dynamic kinetics also impedes the revelation of the NW self-assembly mechanism. With the emergence of advanced in situ techniques, such as synchrotron-based X-ray techniques and in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the dynamic monitoring of NW behavior in many practical environments becomes possible. In addition, the alignment direction and the stacking manner of NW film are of significance to the final performance. There is a lack of connection between the properties of one-dimensional nanoscale building blocks and the functionalities of the macro-assembly structures. To this end, dynamic monitoring is highly desired, which enables the precision modulation of NW assembly structure, leading to the discovery or prediction of new structures, novel properties, and performance optimization.In this Account, we aim to uncover the underlying kinetics of NW assembly or local reaction and mass transportation processes, as well as to build a solid connection from individual NWs to NW assembly structures with enhanced properties and eventually to macroscopic materials application. We first review the recent progress in state-of-art NW assembly strategies for diverse aligned structures according to the manipulation principle and the driving forces. To systematically review the NW self-assembly strategies, we categorize these strategies into three states: NWs on the liquid interface via surface tension, NW assembly in liquid via solution-shearing flow field, and NW assembly at the solid interval via physical repulsive force. Then, we introduce the existing advanced characterization techniques, including synchrotron-based X-ray scattering and in situ TEM, to dynamically monitor the intermediate states of the NW assembly and transport processes. The comprehensive understanding of this thermodynamic and kinetic mechanism facilitates the rational design, large scale, and high-efficiency fabrication of NW assemblies, thus promoting their applications in tailored optical-electrical electronics, smart electrochromic devices, electrocatalysis, structural materials, and chiral photonic crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen He
- Institute of Innovative Materials (I2M), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jin-Long Wang
- Institute of Innovative Materials (I2M), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Si-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jian-Wei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shu-Hong Yu
- Institute of Innovative Materials (I2M), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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Dong Z, Chen S, Gupta HS, Zhao X, Yang Y, Chang G, Xue J, Zhang Y, Luo S, Dong Y, Zhang Y. In situ determination of the extreme damage resistance behavior in stomatopod dactyl club. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2022; 29:775-786. [PMID: 35511010 PMCID: PMC9070693 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577522001217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The structure and mechanical properties of the stomatopod dactyl club have been studied extensively for its extreme impact tolerance, but a systematic in situ investigation on the multiscale mechanical responses under high-speed impact has not been reported. Here the full dynamic deformation and crack evolution process within projectile-impacted dactyl using combined fast 2D X-ray imaging and high-resolution ex situ tomography are revealed. The results show that hydration states can lead to significantly different toughening mechanisms inside dactyl under dynamic loading. A previously unreported 3D interlocking structural design in the impact surface and impact region is reported using nano X-ray tomography. Experimental results and dynamic finite-element modeling suggest this unique structure plays an important role in resisting catastrophic structural damage and hindering crack propagation. This work is a contribution to understanding the key toughening strategies of biological materials and provides valuable information for biomimetic manufacturing of impact-resistant materials in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Dong
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sen Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Himadri S. Gupta
- School of Engineering and Material Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhao
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- Chinese Spallation Neutron Source Science Centre, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiming Yang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangcai Chang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics (LNM), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiyang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengnian Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence e-mail: , ,
| | - Yuhui Dong
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence e-mail: , ,
| | - Yi Zhang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence e-mail: , ,
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A Freestanding Chitin-Derived Hierarchical Nanocomposite for Developing Electrodes in Future Supercapacitor Industry. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14010195. [PMID: 35012217 PMCID: PMC8747728 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Crustacean cuticles are receiving extensive attention for its potential in developing environmentally friendly and high energy density electrodes for supercapacitor applications. In the current work, the demineralized tergite cuticle of mantis shrimp was employed as a precursor for the fabrication porous biochar. The structural benefits of the cuticle, including the hierarchical nanofiber networks, and the interpenetrating pore systems were maximumly retained, providing a high carbon content and specific surface area scaffold. Graphene oxide sheets were deposited across the biochar through the pore canal systems to further increase the conductivity of the biochar, forming a novel freestanding carbon composite. Throughout the modification process, the material products were examined by a range of methods, which showed desired structural, chemical and functional properties. Our work demonstrates that high performance carbon materials can be manufactured using a simple and green process to realize the great potential in energy storage applications.
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