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Mayawad K, Gogoi R, Raidongia K. Stimuli-Responsive Delivery of Ions through Layered Materials-Based Triangular Nanofluidic Device. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:8268-8276. [PMID: 38940535 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The elegance and accuracy of biological ion channels inspire the fabrication of artificial devices with similar properties. Here, we report the fabrication of iontronic devices capable of delivering ions at the nanomolar (nmol) level of accuracy. The triangular nanofluidic device prepared with reconstructed vanadium pentoxide (VO) membranes of thickness 45 ± 5.5 μm can continuously deliver K+, Na+, and Ca2+ ions at the rate of 0.44 ± 0.24, 0.35 ± 0.06, and 0.03 nmol/min, respectively. The ionic flow rate can be further tuned by modulating the membrane thickness and salt concentration at the source reservoir. The triangular VO device can also deliver ions in minuscule doses (∼132 ± 9.7 nmol) by electrothermally heating (33 °C) with a nichrome wire (NW) or applying light of specific intensities. The simplicity of the fabrication process of reconstructed layered material-based nanofluidic devices allows the design of complicated iontronic devices such as the three-terminal-Ni-VO (3T-Ni-VO) devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Mayawad
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Raktim Gogoi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Kalyan Raidongia
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam 781039, India
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2
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Liu C, Feng Z, Yin T, Wan T, Guan P, Li M, Hu L, Lin CH, Han Z, Xu H, Chen W, Wu T, Liu G, Zhou Y, Peng S, Wang C, Chu D. Multi-Interface Engineering of MXenes for Self-Powered Wearable Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2403791. [PMID: 38780429 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Self-powered wearable devices with integrated energy supply module and sensitive sensors have significantly blossomed for continuous monitoring of human activity and the surrounding environment in healthcare sectors. The emerging of MXene-based materials has brought research upsurge in the fields of energy and electronics, owing to their excellent electrochemical performance, large surface area, superior mechanical performance, and tunable interfacial properties, where their performance can be further boosted via multi-interface engineering. Herein, a comprehensive review of recent progress in MXenes for self-powered wearable devices is discussed from the aspects of multi-interface engineering. The fundamental properties of MXenes including electronic, mechanical, optical, and thermal characteristics are discussed in detail. Different from previous review works on MXenes, multi-interface engineering of MXenes from termination regulation to surface modification and their impact on the performance of materials and energy storage/conversion devices are summarized. Based on the interfacial manipulation strategies, potential applications of MXene-based self-powered wearable devices are outlined. Finally, proposals and perspectives are provided on the current challenges and future directions in MXene-based self-powered wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Ziheng Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Tao Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Tao Wan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Peiyuan Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Mengyao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Long Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Chun-Ho Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Zhaojun Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, 36 Bradfield Road, Lindfield, NSW, 2070, Australia
| | - Haolan Xu
- Future Industries Institute, UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, South Australia, 5095, Australia
| | - Wenlong Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Tom Wu
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Guozhen Liu
- Integrated Devices and Intelligent Diagnosis (ID2) Laboratory, CUHK(SZ)-Boyalife Regenerative Medicine Engineering Joint Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Programme, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of Mechanical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Shuhua Peng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Chun Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Dewei Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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3
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Wang L, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Jiang L. Green Alga-Inspired Underwater Vision Based on Light-Driven Active Ion Transport across Janus Dual-Field Heterostructures. ACS NANO 2024; 18:9043-9052. [PMID: 38483837 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c12874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Natural organisms have evolved various biological ion channels to make timely responses toward different physical and/or chemical stimuli, giving guidance to construct artificial counterparts and expand the corresponding applications. They have also shown promising potential to overcome disadvantages of traditional electronic devices (e.g., energy-consuming operation and adverse humidity interference). Herein, we constructed a green alga-inspired nanofluidic system based on a Janus dual-field heterogeneous membrane (i.e., J-HM), which can function underwater as an artificial visual platform for light perception through enhanced active ion transport. The J-HM was obtained through sequentially assembled MXene and Cu-HHTP (i.e., a metal-organic framework based on the reaction between 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene hydrate (HHTP) and Cu2+) building units. Due to the formed temperature gradient and intramembrane electric field caused by the localized thermal excitation and efficient charge separation of J-HM under illumination, thermo-osmotic and photo-driven forces are generated for preferential cation transport from Cu-HHTP to MXene. Furthermore, unidirectional active transport can be enhanced by self-diffusion under a concentration gradient. Then, the corresponding underwater light perceptions at various light illumination conditions are explored, showing nearly a linear correlation with the light intensity. Finally, it is demonstrated that the visual platform can achieve object shape, definition, and distance recognition using a defined pixelated matrix, giving impetus to develop ionic signal transmission based sensing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yuhui Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yupeng Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Jiangsu 215123, China
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4
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Yan J, Kong H, Li Y, Wang Q, Liu X, Wang Y. In Situ MXene Anchored Structure for Highly Durable Solar Steam Generation. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:3515-3524. [PMID: 38457287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
As a promising fresh water harvesting technology, interfacial solar steam generation has attracted growing interest. Efficient solar absorption and long-term operational performance are critical requirements of this technology. However, developing robust evaporators to promote practical applications under extreme conditions is still a grand challenge. Herein, we propose a light-assisted strategy to in situ prepare a Ti3C2Tx MXene anchored structure (MXAS) for enhanced solar evaporation with superior mechanical properties (compressive strength of 78.47 MPa, which can withstand a pressure of 3.92 × 106 times its own weight). Light irradiation enlarges the interlayer spacing of MXene and improves the solar absorption capability. Under one sun, the three-dimensional MXAS evaporator exhibits a steam generation rate of 2.48 kg m-2 h-1and an evaporation efficiency of 89.3%, and it demonstrates long-term durability when testing in seawater. This strategy provides valuable insights into the potential application of a high-performance water evaporation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoran Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinhuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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Lei D, Zhang Z, Jiang L. Bioinspired 2D nanofluidic membranes for energy applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2300-2325. [PMID: 38284167 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00382e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Bioinspired two-dimensional (2D) nanofluidic membranes have been explored for the creation of high-performance ion transport systems that can mimic the delicate transport functions of living organisms. Advanced energy devices made from these membranes show excellent energy storage and conversion capabilities. Further research and development in this area are essential to unlock the full potential of energy devices and facilitate the development of high-performance equipment toward real-world applications and a sustainable future. However, there has been minimal review and summarization of 2D nanofluidic membranes in recent years. Thus, it is necessary to carry out an extensive review to provide a survey library for researchers in related fields. In this review, the classification and the raw materials that are used to construct 2D nanofluidic membranes are first presented. Second, the top-down and bottom-up methods for constructing 2D membranes are introduced. Next, the applications of bioinspired 2D membranes in osmotic energy, hydraulic energy, mechanical energy, photoelectric conversion, lithium batteries, and flow batteries are discussed in detail. Finally, the opportunities and challenges that 2D nanofluidic membranes are likely to face in the future are envisioned. This review aims to provide a broad knowledge base for constructing high-performance bioinspired 2D nanofluidic membranes for advanced energy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Lei
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China.
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China.
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, Anhui, China.
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
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6
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Almarzooqi N, Alwan RA, AlMarzooqi F, Ghaffour N, Hong S, Arafat HA. Solar-driven surface-heating membrane distillation using Ti 3C 2T x MXene-coated spacers. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 351:141129. [PMID: 38199497 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of two-dimensional (2D) MXenes as efficient light-to-heat conversion materials offers significant potential for solar-based desalination, particularly in photothermal interfacial evaporation, enabling cost-effective solar-powered membrane distillation (MD). This study investigates solar-powered MD afforded by a photothermally functionalized spacer, which is built by spray-coating Ti3C2Tx MXene sheets on metallic spacers. 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene gives an ultrahigh photothermal conversion efficiency; thereby, by Ti3C2Tx MXene-coated metallic spacer, this rationally designed spacer allows for a localized photothermal conversion and interfacial feed heating effect on the membrane surface, especially for MD operation. As a feed spacer and a photothermal element, Ti3C2Tx MXene-coated metallic spacer exhibited stable enhanced water flux of up to 0.36 kg·m-2h-1 under one sun illumination for a feed salinity of 35 g·L-1, corresponding energy conversion efficiency of 28.3 %. Overall, the developed photothermal Ti3C2Tx MXene-coated spacers displayed great potential in enhancing the performance, scalability, and feasibility of solar-driven MD process, paving the way for further development of photothermal elements that can be implemented in solar MD applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Almarzooqi
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates; Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rawan Abu Alwan
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates; Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Faisal AlMarzooqi
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates; Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Noreddine Ghaffour
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; Environmental Science & Engineering Program, Biological & Environmental Science & Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science & Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seunghyun Hong
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates; Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Hassan A Arafat
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates; Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates; Research and Innovation Center for Graphene and 2D Materials (RIC2D), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates.
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7
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Jia X, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Fu Y, Sheng N, Chen S, Wang H, Du Y. Enhanced Selective Ion Transport in Highly Charged Bacterial Cellulose/Boron Nitride Composite Membranes for Thermo-Osmotic Energy Harvesting. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2218-2225. [PMID: 38277614 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Significant untapped energy exists within low-grade heat sources and salinity gradients. Traditional nanofluidic membranes exhibit inherent limitations, including low ion selectivity, high internal resistance, reliance on nonrenewable resources, and instability in aqueous solutions, invariably constraining their practical application. Here, an innovative composite membrane-based nanofluidic system is reported, involving the strategy of integrating tailor-modified bacterial nanofibers with boron nitride nanosheets, enabling high surface charge densities while maintaining a delicate balance between ion selectivity and permeability, ultimately facilitating effective thermo-osmotic energy harvesting. The device exhibits an impressive output power density of 10 W m-2 with artificial seawater and river water at a 50 K temperature gradient. Furthermore, it demonstrates robust power density stability under prolonged exposure to salinity gradients or even at elevated temperatures. This work opens new avenues for the development of nanofluidic systems utilizing composite materials and presents promising solutions for low-grade heat recovery and osmotic energy harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwei Jia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China
| | - Minghao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China
| | - Yating Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China
| | - Yuyang Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China
| | - Nan Sheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
- Shanghai Shipbuilding Technology Research Institute, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Shiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Huaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yong Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China
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Dong Q, Liu J, Wang Y, He J, Zhai J, Fan X. Ultrathin H-MXM as An "Ion Freeway" for High-Performance Osmotic Energy Conversion. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2301558. [PMID: 38308417 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Nanofluidic membranes are currently being explored as potential candidates for osmotic energy harvesting. However, the development of high-performance nanofluidic membranes remains a challenge. In this study, the ultrathin MXene membrane (H-MXM) is prepared by ultrathin slicing and realize the ion horizontal transportation. The H-MXM membrane, with a thickness of only 3 µm and straight subnanometer channels, exhibits ultrafast ion transport capabilities resembling an "ion freeway". By mixing artificial seawater and river water, a power output of 93.6 W m-2 is obtained. Just as cell membranes have an ultrathin thickness that allows for excellent penetration, this straight nanofluidic membrane also possesses an ultrathin structure. This unique feature helps to shorten the ion transport path, leading to an increased ion transport rate and improveS performance in osmotic energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizheng Dong
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Jianwei He
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Xia Fan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
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9
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Jin X, Zhang J, Wang B, Li X, Zeng J, Ma J, Zhao X, Wu W, Del Río Sáez JS, Zhang X, Wang DY, Wang R. Multifunctional polylactic acid sensing fabric based on biomass flame retardants for intelligent fire early-warning. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129158. [PMID: 38176481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Today, building materials emit many hazardous gases in the event of a fire, causing great harm to human health and the environment. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop bio-based flame retardant materials and to realize preventive measures to reduce fires or their damage. In this work, we fabricated a novel multifunctional fire early-warning polylactic acid-based fabric (MFR-PBF) by coating MXene nanosheet, phytic acid @ furfurylamine (PA@FA) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) via an eco-friendly layer-by-layer assembly method. MFR-PBF showed outstanding flame retardancy including a limiting oxygen index value of 35 % and better char formation capacity. More importantly, MFR-PBF exhibited sensitive fire early-warning capability (∼1 s) and excellent cyclic alarm stability (>15 cycles) due to the excellent semiconductor responsiveness (light and heat) and the significant catalytic char formation effect. Moreover, MFR-PBF is comfortable, flexible and strong enough to sew onto firefighter uniform to detect a variety of human motions, which can be monitored in the internet by using a LoRa emitter and a gateway. In addition, the controllable heating performance rendered MFR-PBF as a potential portable heater. This work provides new insights into the preparation and application of intelligent fire early-warning fabrics in the smart fire protection and Internet of Things.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Jin
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R & D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R & D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Xiaolu Li
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel, 2, 28906 Getafe, Madrid, Spain; E.T.S. de Ingenieros de Caminos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Calle Profesor Aranguren 3, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jing Zeng
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jiayu Ma
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ximeng Zhao
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenqi Wu
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - José Sánchez Del Río Sáez
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel, 2, 28906 Getafe, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica Automática y Física Aplicada, ETSIDI, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ronda de Valencia 3, 28012 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xiuqin Zhang
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R & D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - De-Yi Wang
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel, 2, 28906 Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R & D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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10
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Wang C, Seo E, Park J. Surface-dominant micro/nanofluidics for efficient green energy conversion. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2024; 18:011503. [PMID: 38370510 PMCID: PMC10869172 DOI: 10.1063/5.0190934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Green energy conversion in aqueous systems has attracted considerable interest owing to the sustainable clean energy demand resulting from population and economic growth and urbanization, as well as the significant potential energy from water resources and other regenerative sources coupled with fluids. In particular, molecular motion based on intrinsic micro/nanofluidic phenomena at the liquid-solid interface (LSI) is crucial for efficient and sustainable green energy conversion. The electrical double layer is the main factor affecting transport, interaction between molecules and surfaces, non-uniform ion distribution, synthesis, stimulated reactions, and motion by external renewable resources in both closed nanoconfinement and open surfaces. In this review, we summarize the state-of-the-art progress in physical and chemical reaction-based green energy conversion in LSI, including nanoscale fabrication, key mechanisms, applications, and limitations for practical implementation. The prospects for resolving critical challenges in this field and inspiring other promising research areas in the infancy stage (studying chemical and biological dynamics at the single-molecule level and nanofluidic neuromorphic computing) are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Eunseok Seo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro (Sinsu-dong), Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungyul Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro (Sinsu-dong), Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
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11
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Ma J, Guo Z, Han X, Lu H, Guo K, Xin J, Deng C, Wang X. Achieving Solar-Thermal-Electro Integration Evaporator Nine-Grid Array with Asymmetric Strategy for Simultaneous Harvesting Clean Water and Electricity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303815. [PMID: 37740418 PMCID: PMC10625061 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Water evaporation is a ubiquitous and spontaneous phase transition process. The utilization of solar-driven interface water evaporation that simultaneously obtains clean water and power generation can effectively alleviate people's concerns about fresh water and energy shortages. However, it remains a great challenge to efficiently integrate the required functions into the same device to reduce the complexity of the system and alleviate its dependence on solar energy to achieve full-time operation. In this work, a multifunctional device based on reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/Mn3 O4 /Al2 O3 composite nanomaterials is realized by an asymmetric strategy for effective solar-thermal-electro integration that can induce power generation by water evaporation in the presence/absence of light. Under one sun irradiation, the solar-driven evaporation rate and output voltage are 1.74 kg m-2 h-1 and 0.778 V, respectively. More strikingly, the nine-grid evaporation/power generation array integrated with multiple devices in series has the advantages of small volume, large evaporation area, and high power generation, and can light up light-emitting diodes (LEDs), providing the possibility for large-scale production and application. Based on the high photothermal conversion efficiency and power production capacity of the RGO/Mn3 O4 /Al2 O3 composite evaporation/generator, it will be a promising energy conversion device for future sustainable energy development and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Ma
- School of Integrated Circuits and ElectronicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Institute of Science and TechnologyXinxiang473003P. R. China
| | - Xu Han
- School of Integrated Circuits and ElectronicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Heng Lu
- School of Integrated Circuits and ElectronicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Kaixin Guo
- School of Electronics & Information EngineeringGuiyang UniversityGuiyang550005P. R. China
| | - Jianguo Xin
- School of Integrated Circuits and ElectronicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Chaoyong Deng
- School of Electronics & Information EngineeringGuiyang UniversityGuiyang550005P. R. China
| | - Xianbao Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Ministry‐of‐Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional MaterialsHubei Key Laboratory of Polymer MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringHubei UniversityWuhan430062P. R. China
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12
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Ding H, Liu K, Zhao X, Su B, Jiang D. Thermoelectric Nanofluidics Probing Thermal Heterogeneity inside Single Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22433-22441. [PMID: 37812815 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Accurate temperature measurement in one living cell is of great significance for understanding biological functions and regulation. Here, a nanopipet electric thermometer (NET) is established for real-time intracellular temperature measurement. Based on the temperature-controlled ion migration, the temperature change in solution results in altered ion mobilities and ion distributions, which can be converted to the thermoelectric responses of NET in a galvanostatic configuration. The exponential relationship between the voltage and the temperature promises highly sensitive thermoelectric responses up to 11.1 mV K-1, which is over an order of magnitude higher than previous thermoelectric thermometry. Moreover, the NET exhibits superior thermal resolution of 25 mK and spatiotemporal resolution of 100 nm and 0.9 ms as well as excellent stability and reproducibility. Benefiting from these unique features, both thermal fluctuations in steady-state cells and heat generation and dissipation upon drug administration can be successfully monitored, which are hardly achieved by current methods. By using NET, thermal heterogeneities of single cancer cells during immunotherapy were reported first in this work, in which the increased intracellular temperature was demonstrated to be associated with the survival benefit and resistance of cancer cells in immunotherapy. This work not only provides a reliable method for microscopic temperature monitoring but also gains new insights to elucidate the mechanism of immune evasion and therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinlu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dechen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
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13
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Zhou S, Zhang X, Xie L, He Y, Yan M, Liu T, Zeng H, Jiang L, Kong B. Dual-Functional Super-Assembled Mesoporous Carbon-Titania/AAO Hetero-Channels for Bidirectionally Photo-Regulated Ion Transport. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301038. [PMID: 37069771 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Photo-regulated nanofluidic devices have attracted great attention in recent years due to their adjustable ion transport in real time. However, most of the photo-responsive nanofluidic devices can only adjust the ionic current unidirectionally, and cannot simultaneously increase or decrease the current signal intelligently by one device. Herein, a mesoporous carbon-titania/ anodized aluminum hetero-channels (MCT/AAO) is constructed by super-assembly strategy, which exhibits dual-function of cation selectivity and photo response. The polymer and TiO2 nanocrystals jointly build the MCT framework. Polymer framework with abundant negatively charged sites endows MCT/AAO with excellent cation selectivity, and TiO2 nanocrystals are responsible for the photo-regulated ion transport. High photo current densities of 1.8 mA m-2 (increase) and 1.2 mA m-2 (decrease) are realized by MCT/AAO benefiting from the ordered hetero-channels. Significantly, MCT/AAO can also achieve the bidirectionally adjustable osmotic energy by alternating the configurations of concentration gradient. Theoretical and experimental results reveal that the superior photo-generated potential is responsible for the bidirectionally adjustable ion transport. Consequently, MCT/AAO performs the function of harvesting ionic energy from the equilibrium electrolyte solution, which greatly expands its practical application field. This work provides a new strategy in constructing dual-functional hetero-channels toward bidirectionally photo-regulated ionic transport and energy harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Lei Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yanjun He
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Miao Yan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Biao Kong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu, Zhejiang, 322000, P. R. China
- Shandong Research Institute, Fudan University, Jinan, Shandong, 250103, P. R. China
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14
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Yu X, Qian X, Wei Q, Zhang Q, Cheng HM, Ren W. Superhigh and Robust Ion Selectivity in Membranes Assembled with Monolayer Clay Nanosheets. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300338. [PMID: 37186166 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
It is crucial to control the ion transport in membranes for various technological applications such as energy storage and conversion. The emerging functional two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets such as graphene oxide and MXenes show great potential for constructing ordered nanochannels, but the assembled membranes suffer from low ion selectivity and stability. Here a class of robust charge-selective membranes with superhigh cation/anion selectivity, which are assembled with monolayer nanosheets of cationic/anionic clays that inherently have permanent and uniform charges on each layer is reported. The transport number of cations/anions of cationic vermiculite nanosheet membranes (VNMs)/anionic Co-Al layered double hydroxide (CoAl-LDH) nanosheet membranes is over 0.90 in different NaCl concentration gradients, outperforming all the reported ion-selective membranes. Importantly, this excellent ion selectivity can persist at high-concentration salt solutions, under acidic and alkaline conditions, and for a wide range of ions of different sizes and charges. By coupling a pair of cation-selective vermiculite membrane and anion-selective CoAl-LDH membrane, a reverse electrodialysis device which shows an output power density of 0.7 W m-2 and energy conversion efficiency of 45.5% is constructed. This work provides a new strategy to rationally design high-performance ion-selective membranes by using 2D nanosheets with inherent surface charges for controllable ion-transport applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Xitang Qian
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Qinwei Wei
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wencai Ren
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
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15
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Zhu M, Lu C, Liu L. Progress and challenges of emerging MXene based materials for thermoelectric applications. iScience 2023; 26:106718. [PMID: 37234091 PMCID: PMC10206441 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
To realize sustainable development, more and more countries forwarded carbon neutrality goal. Accordingly, improving the utilization efficiency of traditional fossil fuel is an effective strategy for this great goal. Keeping this in mind, developing thermoelectric devices to recover waste heat energy resulted in the consumption process of fuel is demonstrated to be promising. High performance thermoelectric devices require advanced materials. MXenes are a kind of 2D materials with a layered structure, which demonstrate excellent thermoelectric performance owing to their unique physical, mechanical, and chemical properties. Also, substantial achievement has been gained during the past few years in synthesizing MXene based materials for thermoelectric devices. In this review, the mainstream synthetic routes of MXene from etching MAX were summarized. Significantly, the current state and challenges of research on improving the performance of MXene based thermoelectrics are explored, including pristine MXene and MXene based composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiyong Zhu
- Research School of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Congcong Lu
- Research School of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Lingran Liu
- Research School of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
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16
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Almarzooqi N, Hong S, Verma P, Shaheen A, Schiffer A, AlMarzooqi F. Photothermal Surface Heating Membrane Distillation Using 3D-Printed Ti 3C 2T x MXene-Based Nanocomposite Spacers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:20998-21007. [PMID: 37096876 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
To address the growing global need for freshwater, it has become essential to use nonpotable saline water. Solar membrane distillation is a potential desalination method that does not need conventional electricity and may cut water production costs. In this study, we develop a photothermal surface heating membrane distillation using a new class of photothermal spacers constructed with Ti3C2Tx MXene-based nanocomposites. In contrast to traditional membrane distillation, which utilizes energy-intensive bulk feed heating, solar-powered surface heating membrane distillation removes the external thermal energy input requirements, hence reducing operating costs significantly. In particular, three-dimensional (3D)-printing technology was used to fabricate the functional spacer, which allowed the design and materials to be fine-tuned per the needs of the process. Under solar illumination, the printed spacer can exhibit a localized photothermal conversion-driven heating effect near the surface of distillation membranes, which generates vapor pressure strong enough to operate distillation across membranes. Importantly, a two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx MXene with outstanding photothermal conversion efficiency and stability in hypersaline ionic solutions was incorporated into the 3D-printed spacers as the crucial nanofiller for imparting a local heating effect of feed. The fabricated nanocomposite spacers showed superior photothermal heating response under sunlight with an average permeate flux and energy conversion efficiency of 0.49 kg·m-2·h-1 and 30.6%, respectively. An enhancement in both photothermal efficiency and permeate flux was noticed as the amount of MXene nanosheets increased in the 3D-printed spacers. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using 3D-printed photothermal spacers for high-performance and sustainable surface heating membrane distillation, providing a promising avenue for further improvement with other photothermal nanofillers or spacer modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Almarzooqi
- Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Seunghyun Hong
- Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Pawan Verma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alaa Shaheen
- Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Andreas Schiffer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Faisal AlMarzooqi
- Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
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17
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Probing interaction forces associated with calcite scaling in aqueous solutions by atomic force microscopy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 633:764-774. [PMID: 36481427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.11.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The prevention of calcite aggregation and scaling remains a challenging problem in aqueous based systems and environmental science. Decades of research studies have proposed microscopic mechanisms of aggregation control, but experiments at the nanoscale and molecular level are rarely conducted. Here we show that the nanoscale topographic features of calcite during its aggregation depend significantly on the intermolecular and surface forces involved in this process. By measuring the forces between a calcite or silica particle and a calcite surface in aqueous solutions using atomic force microscopy, we found that higher solution pH and inhibitor concentration and lower salinity resulted in a system of stronger repulsion and weaker adhesion, which is favorable for reducing the possibility of calcite aggregation and surface deposition. Conflicting roles of Mg2+ in calcite aggregation prevention, being positive in acidic pH and negative in alkaline pH, were also observed. The nanoscale structural changes of calcite, visualized by atomic force microscopy or scanning electron microscopy, indicated a size dependence of aggregated and deposited calcite crystals on the calcite-calcite and calcite-silica interactions, respectively. The generalized framework of the calcite aggregation mechanism achieved in this work can be extended to other types of systems and provides a basis for investigating the anti-aggregation strategy of calcite from industrial and environmental perspectives.
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18
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Wang J, Zhou H, Li S, Wang L. Selective Ion Transport in Two-Dimensional Lamellar Nanochannel Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218321. [PMID: 36718075 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Precise and ultrafast ion sieving is highly desirable for many applications in environment-, energy-, and resource-related fields. The development of a permselective lamellar membrane constructed from parallel stacked two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets opened a new avenue for the development of next-generation separation technology because of the unprecedented diversity of the designable interior nanochannels. In this Review, we first discuss the construction of homo- and heterolaminar nanoarchitectures from the starting materials to the emerging preparation strategies. We then explore the property-performance relationships, with a particular emphasis on the effects of physical structural features, chemical properties, and external environment stimuli on ion transport behavior under nanoconfinement. We also present existing and potential applications of 2D membranes in desalination, ion recovery, and energy conversion. Finally, we discuss the challenges and outline research directions in this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province,Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Huijiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province,Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Shangzhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province,Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province,Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710000, China
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19
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Photosensitive ion channels in layered MXene membranes modified with plasmonic gold nanostars and cellulose nanofibers. Nat Commun 2023; 14:359. [PMID: 36690639 PMCID: PMC9870870 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36039-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion channels transduce external stimuli into ion-transport-mediated signaling, which has received considerable attention in diverse fields such as sensors, energy harvesting devices, and desalination membrane. In this work, we present a photosensitive ion channel based on plasmonic gold nanostars (AuNSs) and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) embedded in layered MXene nanosheets. The MXene/AuNS/CNF (MAC) membrane provides subnanometer-sized ionic pathways for light-sensitive cationic flow. When the MAC nanochannel is exposed to NIR light, a photothermal gradient is formed, which induces directional photothermo-osmotic flow of nanoconfined electrolyte against the thermal gradient and produces a net ionic current. MAC membrane exhibits enhanced photothermal current compared with pristine MXene, which is attributed to the combined photothermal effects of plasmonic AuNSs and MXene and the widened interspacing of the MAC composite via the hydrophilic nanofibrils. The MAC composite membranes are envisioned to be applied in flexible ionic channels with ionogels and light-controlled ionic circuits.
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20
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Lee J, Lee J, Kim M. Multiscale micro-/nanofluidic devices incorporating self-assembled particle membranes for bioanalysis: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.116940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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21
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Chantipmanee N, Xu Y. Nanofluidics for chemical and biological dynamics in solution at the single molecular level. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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22
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Sebastian AR, Kaium MG, Ko TJ, Shawkat MS, Jung Y, Ahn EC. Temperature dependent studies on centimeter-scale MoS 2and vdW heterostructures. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:505503. [PMID: 36137438 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac9416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides is an emerging 2D semiconducting material group which has excellent physical properties in the ultimately scaled thickness dimension. Specifically, van der Waals heterostructures hold the great promise in further advancing both the fundamental scientific knowledge and practical technological applications of 2D materials. Although 2D materials have been extensively studied for various sensing applications, temperature sensing still remains relatively unexplored. In this work, we experimentally study the temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy and electrical conductivity of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and its heterostructures with platinum dichalcogenides (PtSe2and PtTe2) to explore their potential to become the next-generation temperature sensor. It is found that the MoS2-PtX2heterostructure shows the great promise as the high-sensitivity temperature sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Rose Sebastian
- The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas TX-78249, United States of America
| | - Md Golam Kaium
- NanoScience Technology Center, Materials Science & Engineering, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, Florida FL-32816, United States of America
| | - Tae-Jun Ko
- NanoScience Technology Center, Materials Science & Engineering, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, Florida FL-32816, United States of America
| | - Mashiyat Sumaiya Shawkat
- NanoScience Technology Center, Materials Science & Engineering, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, Florida FL-32816, United States of America
| | - Yeonwoong Jung
- NanoScience Technology Center, Materials Science & Engineering, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, Florida FL-32816, United States of America
| | - Ethan C Ahn
- The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas TX-78249, United States of America
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23
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Lao J, Zhou K, Pan S, Luo J, Gao J, Dong A, Jiang L. Spontaneous and Selective Potassium Transport through a Suspended Tailor-Cut Ti 3C 2T x MXene Film. ACS NANO 2022; 16:9142-9149. [PMID: 35604126 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c01304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Biological ion pumps selectively transport target ions against the concentration gradient, a process that is crucial to maintaining the out-of-equilibrium states of cells. Building an ion pump with ion selectivity has been challenging. Here we show that a Ti3C2Tx MXene film suspended in air with a trapezoidal shape spontaneously pumps K+ ions from the base end to the tip end and exhibits a K+/Na+ selectivity of 4. Such a phenomenon is attributed to a range of properties of MXene. Thanks to the high stability of MXene in water and the dynamic equilibrium between evaporation and swelling, the film keeps a narrow interlayer spacing of ∼0.3 nm when its two ends are connected to reservoirs. Because of the polar electrical structure and hydrophilicity of the MXene nanosheet, K+ ions experience a low energy barrier of ∼4.6 kBT when entering these narrow interlayer spacings. Through quantitative simulations and consistent experimental results, we further show that the narrow spacings exhibit a higher energy barrier to Na+, resulting in K+/Na+ selectivity. Finally, we show that the spontaneous ion transport is driven by the asymmetric evaporation of the interlayer water across the film, a mechanism that is similar to pressure driven streaming current. This work shows how ion transport properties can be facilely manipulated by tuning the macroscopic shape of nanofluidic materials, which may attract interest in the interface of kirigami technologies and nanofluidics and show potential in energy and separation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchao Lao
- Shanghai Key Lab of Advanced High-temperature Materials and Precision Forming and State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- Laboratory for Multiscale Mechanics and Medical Science, Department of Engineering Mechanics, SVL, School of Aerospace Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Shangfa Pan
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jiayan Luo
- Shanghai Key Lab of Advanced High-temperature Materials and Precision Forming and State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Anping Dong
- Shanghai Key Lab of Advanced High-temperature Materials and Precision Forming and State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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24
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Yu L, Xu L, Lu L, Alhalili Z, Zhou X. Thermal Properties of MXenes and Relevant Applications. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200203. [PMID: 35674280 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The properties and applications of MXenes (a family of layered transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides) have aroused enormous research interests for a decade since the successful synthesis of few-layer transition metal carbides in 2011. Though MXenes, as the building blocks, have already been applied in various fields (such as wearable electronics) owing to the distinctive optical, mechanical and electrical properties, their thermal stability and intrinsic thermal properties were less thoroughly investigated compared to other characteristics in early reports. The pioneering theoretical prediction of the thermoelectric nature of MXenes was performed in 2013 while the first experiment-based report concerning the degradation behavior of the 2D structure at elevated temperatures in a controlled atmosphere was published in 2015, followed by numerous discoveries regarding the thermal properties of MXenes. Herein, after a brief description of the synthesis, this Review summarized the latest insights into the thermal stability and thermophysical properties of MXenes, and further associated these unique properties with relevant applications by multiple examples. Finally, current hurdles and challenges in this field were provided along with some advices on potential research directions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- LePing Yu
- Institute of Automotive Technology, Wuxi Vocational Institute of Commerce, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214153, People's Republic of China
| | - Lyu Xu
- Institute of Automotive Technology, Wuxi Vocational Institute of Commerce, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214153, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Automotive Technology, Wuxi Vocational Institute of Commerce, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214153, People's Republic of China
| | - Zahrah Alhalili
- College of Sciences and Arts, Shaqra University, Sajir, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - XiaoHong Zhou
- Institute of Automotive Technology, Wuxi Vocational Institute of Commerce, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214153, People's Republic of China
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25
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Joshi N, Pransu G, Adam Conte-Junior C. Critical review and recent advances of 2D materials-Based gas sensors for food spoilage detection. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:10536-10559. [PMID: 35647714 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2078950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Many people around the world are concerned about meat safety and quality, which has resulted in the ongoing advancement of packaged food technology. Since the emergence of graphene in 2004, the number of studies on layered two-dimensional materials (2DMs) for applications ranging from food packaging to meat quality monitoring has been expanding quickly. Recently, scientists have been working hard to develop a novel class of 2DMs that keep the good things about graphene but don't have zero bandgaps at room temperature. Much work has been done on layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) like different metal sulfides and selenides for meat spoilage gas sensors. This review looks at (i) the main indicators of meat spoilage and (ii) the detection methods that can be used to find out if meat has been spoiled, such as chemiresistive, electrochemical, and optical methods. (iii) the role of 2DMs in meat spoilage detection and (iv) the emergence of advanced methods for selective classification of target analytes in meat/food spoilage detection in recent years. Thus, this review demonstrates the potential scope of 2DMs for developing intelligent sensor systems for food and meat spoilage detection with high viability, simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and other multipurpose tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirav Joshi
- Physics Department, Federal University of ABC, Campus Santo André, Brazil
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gaurav Pransu
- Graphene Research Labs, Manchappanahosahalli, Karnataka, India
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Nanotechnology Network, Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program of Chemistry (PGQu), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program of Veterinary Hygiene (PPGHV) Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
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26
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Yang L, Zhang F, Chen C, Liu Z, Liu L, Li H. An Ultraviolet/Visible Light Regulated Protein Transport Gate Constructed by Pillar[6]arene-based Host-Guest System. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200455. [PMID: 35532204 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Protein transport is an interesting and intrinsic life feature that is highly relevant to physiology and disease in living beings. Herein, inspired by nature, based on the supramolecular host-guest interaction, we have introduced the classical azobenzene light switches and L-phenylalanine derived pillar[6]arene (L-Phe-P6) into the artificial nanochannel to construct light-responsive nanochannels that could regulate protein transport effectively under the control of ultraviolet (UV) and visible (Vis) light. The light-controlled distribution of L-Phe-P6 in the channel led to the difference in surface charges in the nanochannel, which eventually brought the difference in protein transport. This research may not only provide a convenient theoretical model for biological research, but also a flexible light-responsive protein transport model, which will play a crucial role in light-controlled release of protein drugs and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Central China Normal University, College of Chmistry, CHINA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Hubei University, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, CHINA
| | - Chunxiu Chen
- Central China Normal University, College of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Zhisheng Liu
- Central China Normal University, College of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Lu Liu
- Central China Normal University, College of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Haibing Li
- Central China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology CCNU , Ministry of Education;, 152#, luoyu road, 430079, Wuhan, CHINA
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27
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Size-dependent photothermal antibacterial activity of Ti 3C 2T x MXene nanosheets against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 617:533-541. [PMID: 35299127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Developing antibiotics-independent antibacterial materials is of great importance for combating drug-resistant bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MXene (transition metal carbides and nitrides), a class of novel 2D nanomaterials, has shown great potentials in biomedical areas. However, the effect of MXene size on its properties and bioactivity is still unknown. Herein, we report for the first time that the antibacterial photothermal therapy efficacy of Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets is size-dependent. Three MXene suspensions with small size of 196 nm (MX-s), medium size of 347 nm (MX-m) and large size of 497 nm (MX-l) were prepared via ultrasonication. Upon NIR irradiation for 5 min, the temperature of MXene suspensions (10 μg/mL) increased to 64, 60 and 56 °C for MX-s, MX-m and MX-l, respectively. Accordingly, the viability loss of MRSA induced by MX-s, MX-m and MX-l under NIR was 93%, 69% and 56%, respectively. The in vivo study in the MRSA-infected mouse model showed that the photothermal therapy efficacy of MX-s was comparable to that of the positive control vancomycin. This is the first report on the size-dependent photothermal effect and photothermal antibacterial activity of MXene, which may guide the development of MXene-based therapeutics in the future. In addition, the drug-free antibacterial therapy has great implications for the treatment of antibiotics-resistant bacteria infections.
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28
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Cao L, Liu X, Shinde DB, Chen C, Chen I, Li Z, Zhou Z, Yang Z, Han Y, Lai Z. Oriented Two‐Dimensional Covalent Organic Framework Membranes with High Ion Flux and Smart Gating Nanofluidic Transport. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Cao
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Digambar B. Shinde
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Cailing Chen
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - I‐Chun Chen
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhen Li
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Zongyao Zhou
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhongyu Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry North Dakota State University Fargo ND 58102 USA
| | - Yu Han
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhiping Lai
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
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29
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Decorating MXene with tiny ZIF-8 nanoparticles: An effective approach to construct composites for water pollutant removal. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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30
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Hong S, El-Demellawi JK, Lei Y, Liu Z, Marzooqi FA, Arafat HA, Alshareef HN. Porous Ti 3C 2T x MXene Membranes for Highly Efficient Salinity Gradient Energy Harvesting. ACS NANO 2022; 16:792-800. [PMID: 35000386 PMCID: PMC8793134 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Extracting osmotic energy through nanoporous membranes is an efficient way to harvest renewable and sustainable energy using the salinity gradient between seawater and river water. Despite recent advances of nanopore-based membranes, which have revitalized the prospect of blue energy, their energy conversion is hampered by nanomembrane issues such as high internal resistance or low selectivity. Herein, we report a lamellar-structured membrane made of nanoporous Ti3C2Tx MXene sheets, exhibiting simultaneous enhancement in permeability and ion selectivity beyond their inherent trade-off. The perforated nanopores formed by facile H2SO4 oxidation of the sheets act as a network of cation channels that interconnects interplanar nanocapillaries throughout the lamellar membrane. The constructed internal nanopores lower the energy barrier for cation passage, thereby boosting the preferential ion diffusion across the membrane. A maximum output power density of the nanoporous Ti3C2Tx MXene membranes reaches up to 17.5 W·m-2 under a 100-fold KCl gradient at neutral pH and room temperature, which is as high as by 38% compared to that of the pristine membrane. The membrane design strategy employing the nanoporous two-dimensional sheets provides a promising approach for ion exchange, osmotic energy extraction, and other nanofluidic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyun Hong
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jehad K. El-Demellawi
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yongjiu Lei
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhixiong Liu
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Al Marzooqi
- Center
for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology, Department of Chemical
Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hassan A. Arafat
- Center
for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology, Department of Chemical
Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Husam N. Alshareef
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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31
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Liu X, Zhang L, Cui X, Zhang Q, Hu W, Du J, Zeng H, Xu Q. 2D Material Nanofiltration Membranes: From Fundamental Understandings to Rational Design. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2102493. [PMID: 34668340 PMCID: PMC8655186 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of 2D materials, 2D material nanofiltration (NF) membranes have attracted great attention and are being developed with a tremendously fast pace, due to their energy efficiency and cost effectiveness for water purification. The most attractive aspect for 2D material NF membranes is that, anomalous water and ion permeation phenomena have been constantly observed because of the presence of the severely confined nanocapillaries (<2 nm) in the membrane, leading to its great potential in achieving superior overall performance, e.g., high water flux, high rejection rates of ions, and high resistance to swelling. Hence, fundamental understandings of such water and ion transport behaviors are of great significance for the continuous development of 2D material NF membranes. In this work, the microscopic understandings developed up to date on 2D material NF membranes regarding the abnormal transport phenomena are reviewed, including ultrafast water and ion permeation rates with the magnitude several orders higher than that predicted by conventional diffusion behavior, ion dehydration, ionic Coulomb blockade, ion-ion correlations, etc. The state-of-the-art structural designs for 2D material NF membranes are also reviewed. Discussion and future perspectives are provided highlighting the rational design of 2D material membrane structures in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Liu
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Chemical EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Xinwei Cui
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
- Institutes of Advanced TechnologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institutes of Advanced TechnologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052P. R. China
| | - Wenjihao Hu
- School of Metallurgy & EnvironmentCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410083China
| | - Jiang Du
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials EngineeringUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaT6G 1H9Canada
| | - Qun Xu
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
- Institutes of Advanced TechnologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052P. R. China
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32
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Cao L, Liu X, Shinde DB, Chen C, Chen IC, Li Z, Zhou Z, Yang Z, Han Y, Lai Z. Oriented Two-Dimensional Covalent Organic Framework Membranes with High Ion Flux and Smart Gating Nanofluidic Transport. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202113141. [PMID: 34816574 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nanofluidic ion transport holds high promise in bio-sensing and energy conversion applications. However, smart nanofluidic devices with high ion flux and modulable ion transport capabilities remain to be realised. Herein, we demonstrate smart nanofluidic devices based on oriented two-dimensional covalent organic framework (2D COF) membranes with vertically aligned nanochannel arrays that achieved a 2-3 orders of magnitude higher ion flux compared with that of conventional single-channel nanofluidic devices. The surface-charge-governed ion conductance is dominant for electrolyte concentration up to 0.01 M. Moreover, owing to the customisable pH-responsivity of imine and phenol hydroxyl groups, the COF-DT membranes attained an actively modulable ion transport with a high pH-gating on/off ratio of ≈100. The customisable structure and rich chemistry of COF materials will offer a promising platform for manufacturing nanofluidic devices with modifiable ion/molecular transport features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cao
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Digambar B Shinde
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cailing Chen
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - I-Chun Chen
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhen Li
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zongyao Zhou
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhongyu Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA
| | - Yu Han
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhiping Lai
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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33
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Chen H, Ma H, Li C. Host-Guest Intercalation Chemistry in MXenes and Its Implications for Practical Applications. ACS NANO 2021; 15:15502-15537. [PMID: 34597034 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The ever-increasing demand on developing layered materials for practical applications, such as electrochemical energy storage, responsive materials, nanofluidics, and environmental remediation, requires the profound understanding and artful exploitation of interlayer engineering or intercalation chemistry. The past decade has witnessed the massive exploration of a recently discovered 2D material-transition metal carbides, carbonitrides, and nitrides (referred to as MXenes), which began to take hold of a myriad of applications owing to the abundant possibilities on their compositions and intercalation states. However, application-targeted manipulation of the material performance of MXenes is constrained by the dearth of deep comprehension on fundamental intercalation chemistry/physics. To this end, the aim of this review is to provide a holistic discussion on the intercalation chemistry in MXenes and the physical properties of MXene intercalation compounds. On the basis of this, potential solutions for the challenges confronted in the synthesis, tuning of material properties, and practical applications are proposed, which are also expected to reinvigorate the exploration of layered materials that are similar to MXenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwu Chen
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongyun Ma
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chun Li
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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34
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Liu Y, Lan X, Xu J, Zhou W, Liu C, Liu C, Liu P, Li M, Jiang F. Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Boosting Energy Harvesting Based on the Photothermoelectric Effect. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:43155-43162. [PMID: 34463485 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Attracted by the capability of light to heat and electricity conversion, the photothermoelectric (PTE) effect has drawn great attention in the field of energy conversion and self-powered electronics. However, it still requires effective strategies to convert electricity from light based on the corresponding photothermoelectric generator. Herein, considering the broad photoresponse and large Seebeck effect of tellurium nanowires (Te NWs) as well as the high electrical conductivity of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), PEDOT:PSS/Te NW hybrid thin films were fabricated to enhance the conversion efficiency by the photothermoelectric effect with respect to single thermoelectric performance. A detailed comparison has been achieved between the photothermoelectric and thermoelectric properties induced by light illumination and heating plates through current-voltage (I-V) transport, respectively. PEDOT:PSS/Te NW hybrid films also show an enhanced photothermal harvesting compared to pure PEDOT:PSS. A photothermoelectric device was assembled based on the as-fabricated PEDOT:PSS/Te NW hybrid films with 90 wt% Te NWs and achieved a competitive output power density with good stability, which may provide insights into improving solar energy harvesting-based photothermoelectric conversion by organic/inorganic hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youfa Liu
- Department of Physics, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P.R. China
- Flexible Electronics Innovation Institute, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqi Lan
- Department of Physics, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P.R. China
- Flexible Electronics Innovation Institute, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P.R. China
| | - Jingkun Xu
- Flexible Electronics Innovation Institute, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P.R. China
| | - Weiqiang Zhou
- Flexible Electronics Innovation Institute, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Physics, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P.R. China
| | - Congcong Liu
- Flexible Electronics Innovation Institute, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P.R. China
| | - Peipei Liu
- Department of Physics, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P.R. China
| | - Meng Li
- Flexible Electronics Innovation Institute, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P.R. China
| | - Fengxing Jiang
- Department of Physics, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P.R. China
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35
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A Review: Ion Transport of Two-Dimensional Materials in Novel Technologies from Macro to Nanoscopic Perspectives. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14185819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ion transport is a significant concept that underlies a variety of technologies including membrane technology, energy storages, optical, chemical, and biological sensors and ion-mobility exploration techniques. These applications are based on the concepts of capacitance and ion transport, so a prior understanding of capacitance and ion transport phenomena is crucial. In this review, the principles of capacitance and ion transport are described from a theoretical and practical point of view. The review covers the concepts of Helmholtz capacitance, diffuse layer capacitance and space charge capacitance, which is also referred to as quantum capacitance in low-dimensional materials. These concepts are attributed to applications in the electrochemical technologies such as energy storage and excitable ion sieving in membranes. This review also focuses on the characteristic role of channel heights (from micrometer to angstrom scales) in ion transport. Ion transport technologies can also be used in newer applications including biological sensors and multifunctional microsupercapacitors. This review improves our understanding of ion transport phenomena and demonstrates various applications that is applicable of the continued development in the technologies described.
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36
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Qin T, Wang Z, Wang Y, Besenbacher F, Otyepka M, Dong M. Recent Progress in Emerging Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Carbides. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 13:183. [PMID: 34417663 PMCID: PMC8379312 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00710-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
As a new member in two-dimensional materials family, transition metal carbides (TMCs) have many excellent properties, such as chemical stability, in-plane anisotropy, high conductivity and flexibility, and remarkable energy conversation efficiency, which predispose them for promising applications as transparent electrode, flexible electronics, broadband photodetectors and battery electrodes. However, up to now, their device applications are in the early stage, especially because their controllable synthesis is still a great challenge. This review systematically summarized the state-of-the-art research in this rapidly developing field with particular focus on structure, property, synthesis and applicability of TMCs. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives are outlined for the application of 2D TMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchen Qin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Zegao Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Michal Otyepka
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 77146, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Mingdong Dong
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
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37
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Peng H, Wang D, Fu S. Unidirectionally Driving Nanofluidic Transportation via an Asymmetric Textile Pump for Simultaneous Salt-Resistant Solar Desalination and Drenching-Induced Power Generation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:38405-38415. [PMID: 34342973 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Solar-driven seawater desalination provides a promising technology for sustainable water energy harvesting. Although tremendous efforts have been dedicated to developing efficient evaporators, the challenge of preventing salt accumulation while simultaneously realizing high-performance steam-electricity cogeneration remains to be addressed. In this work, inspired by the water and solute transportation in plants via the wicking mechanism, a one-way asymmetric nanofluidic photothermal evaporator fabricated by disproportionately depositing photothermal MXene nanosheets on a hydrophilic cotton textile is reported for simultaneous freshwater and power production. By unidirectionally driving dynamic saline transportation via this photothermal cotton textile pump, this evaporator not only enables self-operating salt rejection for stable steam generation but also affords continuous electric power generation induced by the formation of an asymmetric double electrode layer within MXene nanochannels under the drenching state. Specifically, the solar-driven evaporation rate and voltage generation reach 1.38 kg/m2/h (with a conversion efficiency of 83.1%) and 363 mV under 1 sun irradiation, respectively. Notably, this designed nanofluidic system suffers negligible performance depreciation after 30 h of operation and washing 15 times, which indicates its outstanding stability and reusability. This facile design of the asymmetric nanofluidic photothermal system may provide prospective opportunities for scaling up sustainable freshwater and electric power production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Peng
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Digital Textile Inkjet Printing, Key Laboratory of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Digital Textile Inkjet Printing, Key Laboratory of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaohai Fu
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Digital Textile Inkjet Printing, Key Laboratory of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
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38
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Cai J, Ma W, Hao C, Sun M, Guo J, Xu L, Xu C, Kuang H. Artificial light-triggered smart nanochannels relying on optoionic effects. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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39
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Alzakia FI, Tan SC. Liquid-Exfoliated 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2003864. [PMID: 34105282 PMCID: PMC8188210 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202003864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted tremendous research attention in recent days due to their extraordinary and unique properties upon exfoliation from the bulk form, which are useful for many applications such as electronics, optoelectronics, catalysis, etc. Liquid exfoliation method of 2D materials offers a facile and low-cost route to produce large quantities of mono- and few-layer 2D nanosheets in a commercially viable way. Optoelectronic devices such as photodetectors fabricated from percolating networks of liquid-exfoliated 2D materials offer advantages compared to conventional devices, including low cost, less complicated process, and higher flexibility, making them more suitable for the next generation wearable devices. This review summarizes the recent progress on metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetectors fabricated from percolating network of 2D nanosheets obtained from liquid exfoliation methods. In addition, hybrids and mixtures with other photosensitive materials, such as quantum dots, nanowires, nanorods, etc. are also discussed. First, the various methods of liquid exfoliation of 2D materials, size selection methods, and photodetection mechanisms that are responsible for light detection in networks of 2D nanosheets are briefly reviewed. At the end, some potential strategies to further improve the performance the devices are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuad Indra Alzakia
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational University of Singapore9 Engineering drive 1Singapore117574Singapore
| | - Swee Ching Tan
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational University of Singapore9 Engineering drive 1Singapore117574Singapore
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Jin XZ, Qi XD, Wang Y, Yang JH, Li H, Zhou ZW, Wang Y. Polypyrrole/Helical Carbon Nanotube Composite with Marvelous Photothermoelectric Performance for Longevous and Intelligent Internet of Things Application. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:8808-8822. [PMID: 33565860 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Helical carbon nanotube (HCNT) is a vital member of carbon nanomaterials, but little effort was devoted to explore its unique characteristics and applications during the past few decades. Here, we report an organic thermoelectric composite with an excellent photothermoelectric (PTE) effect by conformally wrapping polypyrrole (PPy) on the intricate surface of HCNTs, which have been confirmed to have remarkable near-infrared (NIR) photothermal conversion capability and ultralow heat transportation characteristics. The results indicate that with the increasing HCNT content, PPy shell thickness reduces and exhibits denser as well as partial orientation, while the inter-ring angle slowly decreases and the bipolaron becomes dominant in carrier composition gradually. Consequently, the Seebeck coefficient increases monotonically, whereas the electrical conductivity remains nearly invariant. The final composite combines the benign thermoelectric properties, excellent photothermal response performance, and the lowest thermal conductivity of the carbon-based thermoelectric composite yet reported (0.064 W m-1 K-1). A single strip NIR light-stimulated adjustable delay switch was designed and fabricated, with the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current under a 400 mW cm-2 NIR-stimulated approach to 720 μV and 62 nA with the discrepancy of consecutive periodic output signals less than 4.2%, exhibiting incredible stability and reliability and demonstrating the highest output voltage of a single strip among the reported organic PTE composite at room temperature. Our work fills in a gap of HCNT research, which hitherto existed in the PTE and thermoelectric field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Zheng Jin
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Qi
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jing-Hui Yang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Zuo-Wan Zhou
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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