1
|
Meng H, Gao Y, Wang X, Li X, Wang L, Zhao X, Sun B. Quantum dot-enabled infrared hyperspectral imaging with single-pixel detection. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:121. [PMID: 38802359 PMCID: PMC11130170 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01476-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) hyperspectral imaging is a powerful technique that enables the capture of three-dimensional (3D) spectra-spatial information within the NIR spectral range, offering a wide array of applications. However, the high cost associated with InGaAs focal plane array (FPA) has impeded the widespread adoption of NIR hyperspectral imaging. Addressing this challenge, in this study, we adopt an alternative approach-single-pixel detection for NIR hyperspectral imaging. Our investigation reveals that single-pixel detection outperforms conventional FPA, delivering a superior signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for both spectral and imaging reconstruction. To implement this strategy, we leverage self-assembled colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) and a digital micromirror device (DMD) for NIR spectral and spatial information multiplexing, complemented by single-pixel detection for simultaneous spectral and image reconstruction. Our experimental results demonstrate successful NIR hyperspectral imaging with a detection window about 600 nm and an average spectral resolution of 8.6 nm with a pixel resolution of 128 × 128. The resulting spectral and spatial data align well with reference instruments, which validates the effectiveness of our approach. By circumventing the need for expensive and bulky FPA and wavelength selection components, our solution shows promise in advancing affordable and accessible NIR hyperspectral imaging technologies, thereby expanding the range of potential applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heyan Meng
- School of Information Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Information Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.
- Center for Optics Research and Engineering (CORE), Key Laboratory of Laser & Infrared System (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Xuhong Wang
- Center for Optics Research and Engineering (CORE), Key Laboratory of Laser & Infrared System (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xianye Li
- School of Mechanical, Electrical and Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Center for Optics Research and Engineering (CORE), Key Laboratory of Laser & Infrared System (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xian Zhao
- Center for Optics Research and Engineering (CORE), Key Laboratory of Laser & Infrared System (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Baoqing Sun
- School of Information Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.
- Center for Optics Research and Engineering (CORE), Key Laboratory of Laser & Infrared System (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tonkaev P, Grechaninova E, Iorsh I, Montanarella F, Kivshar Y, Kovalenko MV, Makarov S. Multiscale Supercrystal Meta-atoms. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2758-2764. [PMID: 38407023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Meta-atoms are the building blocks of metamaterials, which are employed to control both generation and propagation of light as well as provide novel functionalities of localization and directivity of electromagnetic radiation. In many cases, simple dielectric or metallic resonators are employed as meta-atoms to create different types of electromagnetic metamaterials. Here, we fabricate and study supercrystal meta-atoms composed of coupled perovskite quantum dots. We reveal that these multiscale structures exhibit specific emission properties, such as spectrum splitting and polaritonic effects. We believe that such multiscale supercrystal meta-atoms will provide novel functionalities in the design of many novel types of active metamaterials and metasurfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Tonkaev
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Evgeniia Grechaninova
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Ivan Iorsh
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Federico Montanarella
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Yuri Kivshar
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Maksym V Kovalenko
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Sergey Makarov
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alves PU, Guilhabert BJE, McPhillimy JR, Jevtics D, Strain MJ, Hejda M, Cameron D, Edwards PR, Martin RW, Dawson MD, Laurand N. Waveguide-Integrated Colloidal Nanocrystal Supraparticle Lasers. ACS APPLIED OPTICAL MATERIALS 2023; 1:1836-1846. [PMID: 38037651 PMCID: PMC10683367 DOI: 10.1021/acsaom.3c00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Supraparticle (SP) microlasers fabricated by the self-assembly of colloidal nanocrystals have great potential as coherent optical sources for integrated photonics. However, their deterministic placement for integration with other photonic elements remains an unsolved challenge. In this work, we demonstrate the manipulation and printing of individual SP microlasers, laying the foundation for their use in more complex photonic integrated circuits. We fabricate CdSxSe1-x/ZnS colloidal quantum dot (CQD) SPs with diameters from 4 to 20 μm and Q-factors of approximately 300 via an oil-in-water self-assembly process. Under a subnanosecond-pulse optical excitation at 532 nm, the laser threshold is reached at an average number of excitons per CQD of 2.6, with modes oscillating between 625 and 655 nm. Microtransfer printing is used to pick up individual CQD SPs from an initial substrate and move them to a different one without affecting their capability for lasing. As a proof of concept, a CQD SP is printed on the side of an SU-8 waveguide, and its modes are successfully coupled to the waveguide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Urbano Alves
- Institute
of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, Technology and Innovation
Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K.
| | - Benoit J. E. Guilhabert
- Institute
of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, Technology and Innovation
Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K.
| | - John R. McPhillimy
- Institute
of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, Technology and Innovation
Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K.
| | - Dimitars Jevtics
- Institute
of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, Technology and Innovation
Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K.
| | - Michael J. Strain
- Institute
of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, Technology and Innovation
Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K.
| | - Matěj Hejda
- Institute
of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, Technology and Innovation
Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K.
| | - Douglas Cameron
- Department
of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, John Anderson Building, 107 Rottenrow, Glasgow G4 0NG, U.K.
| | - Paul R. Edwards
- Department
of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, John Anderson Building, 107 Rottenrow, Glasgow G4 0NG, U.K.
| | - Robert W. Martin
- Department
of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, John Anderson Building, 107 Rottenrow, Glasgow G4 0NG, U.K.
| | - Martin D. Dawson
- Institute
of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, Technology and Innovation
Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K.
| | - Nicolas Laurand
- Institute
of Photonics, Department of Physics, SUPA, Technology and Innovation
Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hueckel T, Luo X, Aly OF, Macfarlane RJ. Nanoparticle Brushes: Macromolecular Ligands for Materials Synthesis. Acc Chem Res 2023. [PMID: 37390490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusColloidal nanoparticles have unique attributes that can be used to synthesize materials with exotic properties, but leveraging these properties requires fine control over the particles' interactions with one another and their surrounding environment. Small molecules adsorbed on a nanoparticle's surface have traditionally served as ligands to govern these interactions, providing a means of ensuring colloidal stability and dictating the particles' assembly behavior. Alternatively, nanoscience is increasingly interested in instead using macromolecular ligands that form well-defined polymer brushes, as these brushes provide a much more tailorable surface ligand with significantly greater versatility in both composition and ligand size. While initial research in this area is promising, synthesizing macromolecules that can appropriately form brush architectures remains a barrier to their more widespread use and limits understanding of the fundamental chemical and physical principles that influence brush-grafted particles' ability to form functional materials. Therefore, enhancing the capabilities of polymer-grafted nanoparticles as tools for materials synthesis requires a multidisciplinary effort, with specific focus on both developing new synthetic routes to polymer-brush-coated nanoparticles and investigating the structure-property relationships the brush enables.In this Account, we describe our recent work in developing polymer brush coatings for nanoparticles, which we use to modulate particle behavior on demand, select specific nanoscopic architectures to form, and bolster traditional bulk polymers to form stronger materials by design. Distinguished by the polymer type and capabilities, three classes of nanoparticles are discussed here: nanocomposite tectons (NCTs), which use synthetic polymers end-functionalized with supramolecular recognition groups capable of directing their assembly; programmable atom equivalents (PAEs) containing brushes of synthetic DNA that employ Watson-Crick base pairing to encode particle binding interactions; and cross-linkable nanoparticles (XNPs) that can both stabilize nanoparticles in solution and polymer matrices and subsequently form multivalent cross-links to strengthen polymer composites. We describe the formation of these brushes through "grafting-from" and "grafting-to" strategies and illustrate aspects that are important for future advancement. We also examine the new capabilities brushes provide, looking closely at dynamic polymer processes that provide control over the assembly state of particles. Finally, we provide a brief overview of the technological applications of nanoparticles with polymer brushes, focusing on the integration of nanoparticles into traditional materials and the processing of nanoparticles into bulk solids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Hueckel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xin Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Omar F Aly
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Robert J Macfarlane
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Marino E, Rosen DJ, Yang S, Tsai EHR, Murray CB. Temperature-Controlled Reversible Formation and Phase Transformation of 3D Nanocrystal Superlattices Through In Situ Small-Angle X-ray Scattering. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:4250-4257. [PMID: 37184728 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
For decades, the spontaneous organization of nanocrystals into superlattices has captivated the scientific community. However, achieving direct control over the formation of the superlattice and its phase transformations has proven to be a grand challenge, often resulting in the generation of multiple symmetries under the same experimental conditions. Here, we achieve direct control over the formation of the superlattice and its phase transformations by modulating the thermal energy of a nanocrystal dispersion without relying on solvent evaporation. We follow the temperature-dependent dynamics of the self-assembly process using synchrotron-based small-angle X-ray scattering. When cooled below -24.5 °C, lead sulfide nanocrystals form micrometer-sized three-dimensional phase-pure body-centered cubic superlattices. When cooled below -35.1 °C, these superlattices undergo a collective diffusionless phase transformation that yields denser body-centered tetragonal phases. These structural changes can be reversed by increasing the temperature of the dispersion and may lead to the direct modulation of the optical properties of these artificial solids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Marino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennslvania 19104 United States
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 36, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniel J Rosen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 United States
| | - Shengsong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennslvania 19104 United States
| | - Esther H R Tsai
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 735, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Christopher B Murray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennslvania 19104 United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rees K, Darwish GH, Algar WR. Dextran-Functionalized Super-nanoparticle Assemblies of Quantum Dots for Enhanced Cellular Immunolabeling and Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:18672-18684. [PMID: 37018127 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are a popular material for applications in bioanalysis and imaging. Although individual QDs are bright, some applications benefit from the use of even brighter materials. One approach to achieve higher brightness is to form super-nanoparticle (super-NP) assemblies of many QDs. Here, we present the preparation, characterization, and utility of dextran-functionalized super-NP assemblies of QDs. Amphiphilic dextran was synthesized and used to encapsulate many hydrophobic QDs via a simple emulsion-based method. The resulting super-NP assemblies or "super-QDs" had hydrodynamic diameters of ca. 90-160 nm, were characterized at the ensemble and single-particle levels, had orders-of-magnitude superior brightness compared to individual QDs, and were non-blinking. Additionally, binary mixtures of red, green, and blue (RGB) colors of QDs were used to prepare super-QDs, including colors difficult to obtain from individual QDs (e.g., magenta). Tetrameric antibody complexes (TACs) enabled simple antibody conjugation for selective cellular immunolabeling and imaging with both an epifluorescence microscope and a smartphone-based platform. The technical limitations of the latter platform were overcome by the increased per-particle brightness of the super-QDs, and the super-QDs outperformed individual QDs in both cases. Overall, the super-QDs are a very promising material for bioanalysis and imaging applications where brightness is paramount.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Rees
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ghinwa H Darwish
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - W Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nette J, Montanarella F, Zhu C, Sekh TV, Boehme SC, Bodnarchuk MI, Rainò G, Howes PD, Kovalenko MV, deMello AJ. Microfluidic synthesis of monodisperse and size-tunable CsPbBr 3 supraparticles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3554-3557. [PMID: 36880408 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00093a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
The highly controlled, microfluidic template-assisted self-assembly of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals into spherical supraparticles is presented, achieving precise control over average supraparticle size through the variation of nanocrystal concentration and droplet size; thus facilitating the synthesis of highly monodisperse, sub-micron supraparticles (with diameters between 280 and 700 nm).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Nette
- Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland.
| | - Federico Montanarella
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Chenglian Zhu
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Taras V Sekh
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Simon C Boehme
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Maryna I Bodnarchuk
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Rainò
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Philip D Howes
- Division of Mechanical Engineering and Design, London South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London SE1 0AA, UK
| | - Maksym V Kovalenko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Andrew J deMello
- Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhong H, Tang L, Tian P, Yu L, Zuo W, Teng KS. High-Performance Near-Infrared Photodetector Based on PbS Colloidal Quantum Dots/ZnO-Nanowires Hybrid Nanostructures. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:2254. [PMID: 36850852 PMCID: PMC9961084 DOI: 10.3390/s23042254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots have found significant applications in photoelectric detectors due to their unique electronic and optical properties, such as tunable bandgap. Recently, colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) have attracted much interest because of the ease of controlling the dot size and low production cost. In this paper, a high-performance ZnO/PbS heterojunction photodetector was fabricated by spin-coating PbS CQDs onto the surface of a hydrothermally grown vertical array of ZnO nanowires (NWs) on an indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate. Under 940 nm near-infrared light illumination, the device demonstrated a responsivity and detectivity of ~3.9 × 104 A/W and ~9.4 × 1013 Jones, respectively. The excellent performances and low cost of this nanocomposite-based photodetector show that it has the potential for widespread applications ranging from medical diagnosis to environmental monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hefu Zhong
- School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
- Kunming Institute of Physics, Kunming 650223, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Advanced Photoelectric Materials and Devices, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Libin Tang
- School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
- Kunming Institute of Physics, Kunming 650223, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Advanced Photoelectric Materials and Devices, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Pin Tian
- Kunming Institute of Physics, Kunming 650223, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Advanced Photoelectric Materials and Devices, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Lijing Yu
- Kunming Institute of Physics, Kunming 650223, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Advanced Photoelectric Materials and Devices, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Wenbin Zuo
- Kunming Institute of Physics, Kunming 650223, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Advanced Photoelectric Materials and Devices, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Kar Seng Teng
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mei M, Kim M, Kim M, Kim I, Lee HS, Taylor RA, Kyhm K. Optical Gain of Vertically Coupled Cd 0.6Zn 0.4Te/ZnTe Quantum Dots. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:716. [PMID: 36839084 PMCID: PMC9965561 DOI: 10.3390/nano13040716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The optical modal gain of Cd0.6Zn0.4Te/ZnTe double quantum dots was measured using a variable stripe length method, where large and small quantum dots are separated with a ZnTe layer. With a large (~18 nm) separation layer thickness of ZnTe, two gain spectra were observed, which correspond to the confined exciton levels of the large and small quantum dots, respectively. With a small (~6 nm) separation layer thickness of ZnTe, a merged single gain spectrum was observed. This can be attributed to a coupled state between large and small quantum dots. Because the density of large quantum dots (4 × 1010 cm-2) is twice the density of small quantum dots (2 × 1010 cm-2), the density of the coupled quantum dots is determined by that of small quantum dots. As a result, we found that the peak gain (123.9 ± 9.2 cm-1) with the 6 nm separation layer is comparable to that (125.2 ± 29.2 cm-1) of the small quantum dots with the 18 nm separation layer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Mei
- Department of Optics & Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju Kim
- Smart Gym-Based Translational Research Center for Active Senior’s Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Minwoo Kim
- Department of Optics & Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhong Kim
- Department of Optics & Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Seok Lee
- Department of Physics, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kwangseuk Kyhm
- Department of Optics & Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hao Q, Lv H, Ma H, Tang X, Chen M. Development of Self-Assembly Methods on Quantum Dots. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1317. [PMID: 36770326 PMCID: PMC9919123 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dot materials, with their unique photophysical properties, are promising zero-dimensional materials for encryption, display, solar cells, and biomedical applications. However, due to the large surface to volume ratio, they face the challenge of chemical instability and low carrier transport efficiency, which have greatly limited their reliability and utility. In light of the current development bottleneck of quantum dot materials, the chemical stability and physical properties can be effectively improved by the self-assembly method. This review will discuss the research progress of the self-assembly methods of quantum dots and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of those self-assembly methods. Furthermore, the scientific challenges and improvement in the self-assembly method of quantum dots are prospected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qun Hao
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hongyu Lv
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haifei Ma
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xin Tang
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Optoelectronic Measurement Instrument and Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology, Jiaxing 314019, China
| | - Menglu Chen
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Optoelectronic Measurement Instrument and Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology, Jiaxing 314019, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jenewein C, Schupp SM, Ni B, Schmidt-Mende L, Cölfen H. Tuning the Electronic Properties of Mesocrystals. SMALL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Jenewein
- Department of Chemistry University of Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10 78462 Konstanz Germany
| | - Stefan M. Schupp
- Department of Physics University of Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10 78462 Konstanz Germany
| | - Bing Ni
- Department of Chemistry University of Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10 78462 Konstanz Germany
| | - Lukas Schmidt-Mende
- Department of Physics University of Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10 78462 Konstanz Germany
| | - Helmut Cölfen
- Department of Chemistry University of Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10 78462 Konstanz Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Marino E, Bharti H, Xu J, Kagan CR, Murray CB. Nanocrystal Superparticles with Whispering-Gallery Modes Tunable through Chemical and Optical Triggers. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:4765-4773. [PMID: 35649039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Whispering-gallery microresonators have the potential to become the building blocks for optical circuits. However, encoding information in an optical signal requires on-demand tuning of optical resonances. Tuning is achieved by modifying the cavity length or the refractive index of the microresonator. Due to their solid, nondeformable structure, conventional microresonators based on bulk materials are inherently difficult to tune. In this work, we fabricate irreversibly tunable optical microresonators by using semiconductor nanocrystals. These nanocrystals are first assembled into colloidal spherical superparticles featuring whispering-gallery modes. Exposing the superparticles to shorter ligands changes the nanocrystal surface chemistry, decreasing the cavity length of the microresonator by 20% and increasing the refractive index by 8.2%. Illuminating the superparticles with ultraviolet light initiates nanocrystal photo-oxidation, providing an orthogonal channel to decrease the refractive index of the microresonator in a continuous fashion. Through these approaches, we demonstrate optical microresonators tunable by several times their free spectral range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Marino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Harshit Bharti
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Cherie R Kagan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 200 S. 33rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 United States
| | - Christopher B Murray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3231 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Stuij SG, Jonas HJ, Gong Z, Sacanna S, Kodger TE, Bolhuis PG, Schall P. Revealing viscoelastic bending relaxation dynamics of isolated semiflexible colloidal polymers. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:8291-8299. [PMID: 34550152 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00556a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The viscoelastic properties of filaments and biopolymers play a crucial role in soft and biological materials from biopolymer networks to novel synthetic metamaterials. Colloidal particles with specific valency allow mimicking polymers and more complex molecular structures at the colloidal scale, offering direct observation of their internal degrees of freedom. Here, we elucidate the time-dependent viscoelastic response in the bending of isolated semi-flexible colloidal polymers, assembled from dipatch colloidal particles by reversible critical Casimir forces. By tuning the patch-patch interaction strength, we adjust the polymers' viscoelastic properties, and follow spontaneous bending modes and their relaxation directly on the particle level. We find that the elastic response is well described by that of a semiflexible rod with persistence length of order 1000 μm, tunable by the critical Casimir interaction strength. We identify the viscous relaxation on longer timescales to be due to internal friction, leading to a wavelength-independent relaxation time similar to single biopolymers, but in the colloidal case arising from the contact mechanics of the bonded patches. These tunable mechanical properties of assembled colloidal filaments open the door to "colloidal architectures", rationally designed (network) structures with desired topology and mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon G Stuij
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Hannah J Jonas
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zhe Gong
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, 29 Washington Place, New York 10003, USA
| | - Stefano Sacanna
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, 29 Washington Place, New York 10003, USA
| | - Thomas E Kodger
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter G Bolhuis
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Schall
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Marino E, Vasilyev OA, Kluft BB, Stroink MJB, Kondrat S, Schall P. Controlled deposition of nanoparticles with critical Casimir forces. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 6:751-758. [PMID: 34268545 PMCID: PMC8381518 DOI: 10.1039/d0nh00670j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanocrystal assembly represents the key fabrication step to develop next-generation optoelectronic devices with properties defined from the bottom-up. Despite numerous efforts, our limited understanding of nanoscale interactions has so far delayed the establishment of assembly conditions leading to reproducible superstructure morphologies, therefore hampering integration with large-scale, industrial processes. In this work, we demonstrate the deposition of a layer of semiconductor nanocrystals on a flat and unpatterned silicon substrate as mediated by the interplay of critical Casimir attraction and electrostatic repulsion. We show experimentally and rationalize with Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations how this assembly process can be biased towards the formation of 2D layers or 3D islands and how the morphology of the deposited superstructure can be tuned from crystalline to amorphous. Our findings demonstrate the potential of the critical Casimir interaction to direct the growth of future artificial solids based on nanocrystals as the ultimate building blocks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Marino
- Department of Chemistry, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania 19104USA
- van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Oleg A. Vasilyev
- Max-Planck-Institut für Intelligente SystemeHeisenbergstraße 3D-70569 StuttgartGermany
- IV. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 57D-70569 StuttgartGermany
| | - Bas B. Kluft
- van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Milo J. B. Stroink
- van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Svyatoslav Kondrat
- Max-Planck-Institut für Intelligente SystemeHeisenbergstraße 3D-70569 StuttgartGermany
- IV. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 57D-70569 StuttgartGermany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of SciencesKasprzaka 44/5201-224 WarsawPoland
| | - Peter Schall
- van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Marri I, Ossicini S. Multiple exciton generation in isolated and interacting silicon nanocrystals. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:12119-12142. [PMID: 34250528 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01747k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
An important challenge in the field of renewable energy is the development of novel nanostructured solar cell devices which implement low-dimensional materials to overcome the limits of traditional photovoltaic systems. For optimal energy conversion in photovoltaic devices, one important requirement is that the full energy of the solar spectrum is effectively used. In this context, the possibility of exploiting features and functionalities induced by the reduced dimensionality of the nanocrystalline phase, in particular by the quantum confinement of the electronic density, can lead to a better use of the carrier excess energy and thus to an increment of the thermodynamic conversion efficiency of the system. Carrier multiplication, i.e. the generation of multiple electron-hole pairs after absorption of one single high-energy photon (with energy at least twice the energy gap of the system), can be exploited to maximize cell performance, promoting a net reduction of loss mechanisms. Over the past fifteen years, carrier multiplication has been recorded in a large variety of semiconductor nanocrystals and other nanostructures. Owing to the role of silicon in solar cell applications, the mission of this review is to summarize the progress in this fascinating research field considering carrier multiplication in Si-based low-dimensional systems, in particular Si nanocrystals, both from the experimental and theoretical point of view, with special attention given to the results obtained by ab initio calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Marri
- Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena e Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kim YR, Lee TW, Park S, Jang J, Ahn CW, Choi JJ, Hahn BD, Choi JH, Yoon WH, Bae SH, Min Y. Supraparticle Engineering for Highly Dense Microspheres: Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia with Adjustable Micromechanical Properties. ACS NANO 2021; 15:10264-10274. [PMID: 34037372 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Various supraparticles have been extensively studied owing to their excellent catalytic properties that are attributed to their inherent porous structure; however, their mechanical properties have not garnered attention owing to their less dense structure. We demonstrate a rational approach for fabricating assembled supraparticles and, subsequently, highly dense microspheres. In addition, 3 mol % yttria-stabilized zirconia (3YSZ) and alumina particles were selected as building blocks and assembled into higher-order architectures using a droplet-based template method (spray drying) for validation with proof-of-concept. Moreover, structural features such as density, size, sphericity, and morphology of supraparticles were controlled by adjusting the competing kinetics occurring between the assembly of building blocks and evaporation of the solvent in the droplets. The preparatory aqueous suspension and process parameters were optimized as well. A detailed understanding of the formation mechanism facilitated the yield of tailor-made supraparticles and, thereafter, highly dense microspheres (approximate relative density = 99%) with excellent sphericity (>98%) via heat treatment. The microspheres displayed highest hardness (26.77 GPa) and superior elastic modulus (210.19 GPa) compared with the mechanical properties of the 3YSZ samples reported to date. Ultimately, the proposed supraparticle engineering provided insight for controlling the structural features and resultant micromechanical properties, which widely extends the applicability of supraparticle-based functional materials for practical purposes that require materials with high density and excellent mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Rok Kim
- Department of Functional Ceramics, Ceramic Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, Gyeongnam, Korea, 51508
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Kyungnam University, Gyeongnam, Korea, 51767
| | - Tae Won Lee
- Department of Functional Ceramics, Ceramic Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, Gyeongnam, Korea, 51508
| | - Seonhwa Park
- Department of Functional Ceramics, Ceramic Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, Gyeongnam, Korea, 51508
| | - Jongmoon Jang
- Department of Functional Ceramics, Ceramic Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, Gyeongnam, Korea, 51508
| | - Cheol-Woo Ahn
- Department of Functional Ceramics, Ceramic Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, Gyeongnam, Korea, 51508
| | - Jong-Jin Choi
- Department of Functional Ceramics, Ceramic Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, Gyeongnam, Korea, 51508
| | - Byung-Dong Hahn
- Department of Functional Ceramics, Ceramic Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, Gyeongnam, Korea, 51508
| | - Joon-Hwan Choi
- Department of Functional Ceramics, Ceramic Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, Gyeongnam, Korea, 51508
| | - Woon-Ha Yoon
- Department of Functional Ceramics, Ceramic Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, Gyeongnam, Korea, 51508
| | - Sung-Hwan Bae
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Kyungnam University, Gyeongnam, Korea, 51767
| | - Yuho Min
- Department of Functional Ceramics, Ceramic Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon, Gyeongnam, Korea, 51508
| |
Collapse
|