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Fang K, Li P, Zhang B, Liu S, Zhao X, Kou L, Xu W, Guo X, Li J. Insights on updates in sodium alginate/MXenes composites as the designer matrix for various applications: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132032. [PMID: 38702004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Advancements in two-dimensional materials, particularly MXenes, have spurred the development of innovative composites through their integration with natural polymers such as sodium alginate (SA). Mxenes exhibit a broad specific surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, and an abundance of surface terminations, which can be combined with SA to maximize the synergistic effect of the materials. This article provides a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art techniques in the fabrication of SA/MXene composites, analyzing the resulting structural and functional enhancements with a specific focus on advancing the design of these composites for practical applications. A detailed exploration of SA/MXene composites is provided, highlighting their utility in various sectors, such as wearable electronics, wastewater treatment, biomedical applications, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. The review identifies the unique advantages conferred by incorporating MXene in these composites, examines the current challenges, and proposes future research directions to understand and optimize these promising materials thoroughly. The remarkable properties of MXenes are emphasized as crucial for advancing the performance of SA-based composites, indicating significant potential for developing high-performance composite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Fang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Pei Li
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China,.
| | - Bing Zhang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Si Liu
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhao
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Linxuan Kou
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Xiangyang Guo
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
| | - Jianbin Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
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2
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Kumar S. Fluorine-Free MXenes: Recent Advances, Synthesis Strategies, and Mechanisms. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308225. [PMID: 38054781 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
MXenes, an exceptional class of 2D materials, possess high conductivity, adaptable surface chemistry, mechanical strength, and tunable bandgaps, making them attractive for diverse applications. Unlocking the potential of MXenes requires precise control over synthesis methods and surface functionality. Conventionally, fluorine-based etchants are used in MXenes synthesis, posing both environmental concerns and alterations to surface properties, along with the introduction of certain defects. This prompts the exploration of innovative fluorine-free strategies for MXenes synthesis. This review focuses on environmentally friendly, fluorine-free techniques for MXene synthesis, emphasizing mechanisms and recent breakthroughs in alternative etching strategies. The comprehensive coverage includes electrochemical etching, Lewis acid-driven molten salt etching, alkaline/hydrothermal techniques, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and recent innovative methods. Fluorine-free MXenes synthesis yields terminations such as ─O, ─OH, ─Cl, etc., influencing surface chemistry and improving their properties. The presence of ─OH groups in NaOH etched MXenes boosts their energy storage, while ─Cl functionality from Lewis acidic salts optimizes electrochemical performance. Fluorine-free methods mitigate adverse effects of ─F terminations on MXene conductivity, improving electronic properties and broadening their applications. In addition to traditional approaches, this review delves into novel fluorine-free methods for tailoring MXenes properties. It comprehensively addresses challenges, opportunities, and future perspectives in fluorine-free MXenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering and HMC, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
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3
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Zhao X, Chen Y, Niu R, Tang Y, Chen Y, Su H, Yang Z, Jing X, Guan H, Gao R, Meng L. NIR Plasmonic Nanozymes: Synergistic Enhancement Mechanism and Multi-Modal Anti-Infection Applications of MXene/MOFs. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307839. [PMID: 37812814 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes are considered as the promising antimicrobial agents due to the enzyme-like activity for chemo-dynamic therapy (CDT). However, it remains a challenge to develop novel nanozyme systems for achieving stimuli-responsive, and efficient nanozyme catalysis with multimodal synergistic enhancement. In this work, a near-infrared (NIR) plasmonic-enhanced nanozyme catalysis and photothermal performance for effective antimicrobial applications are proposed. A Ti3 C2 MXene/Fe-MOFs composite (MXM) with NIR plasmonic-enhanced CDT combined with photothermal properties is successfully developed by loading metal-organic framework (MOF) nanozymes onto Ti3 C2 MXene. The mechanism of NIR induced localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)-enhanced CDT and photothermal therapy (PTT) is well explained through activation energy (Ea ), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), fluorescence analysis experiments, and finite element simulation. It reveals that MXene nanosheets exhibit NIR plasmon exciters and generate hot electrons that can transfer to the surface of Fe-MOFs, promoting the Fenton reaction and enhances CDT. While the photothermal heating of MXene produced by LSPR can also boost the CDT of Fe-MOFs under NIR irradiation. Both in vitro and in vivo experimental results demonstrate that LSPR-induced MXM system has outstanding antimicrobial properties, can promote angiogenesis and collagen deposition, leading to the accelerated wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zhao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Ruoxin Niu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Ye Tang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yanni Chen
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Huining Su
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xunan Jing
- Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Hao Guan
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Rui Gao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Lingjie Meng
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
- Instrumental Analysis Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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Sobolev K, Omelyanchik A, Shilov N, Gorshenkov M, Andreev N, Comite A, Slimani S, Peddis D, Ovchenkov Y, Vasiliev A, Magomedov KE, Rodionova V. Iron Oxide Nanoparticle-Assisted Delamination of Ti 3C 2T x MXenes: A New Approach to Produce Magnetic MXene-Based Composites. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 14:97. [PMID: 38202551 PMCID: PMC10781054 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Ti3C2Tx MXene is one of the most comprehensively studied 2D materials in terms of its adsorptive, transport, and catalytic properties, cytotoxic performance, etc. Still, conventional MXene synthesis approaches provide low single-flake MXene yield and frequently uncontrollable properties, demanding further post-processing. The MXene family also lacks magnetism, which is helpful for producing effective nanoadsorbents as their magnetic decantation is the cheapest and most convenient way to remove the spent adsorbent from water. Composite materials consisting of magnetic nanoparticles grown on top of MXene flakes are commonly used to provide magnetic properties to the resulting nanocomposite. In this paper, we study the possibility to delaminate multilayer Ti3C2Tx MXene sheets directly by growing iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles inside their interlayer spacing. We find out that, with a mass fraction of particles comparable or exceeding that of MXenes, their growth is accompanied by an effective enhancement of single-layer MXene yield and suitable magnetic properties of the resulting composite. The developed approach can be further used for simplifying synthesis protocols to obtain magnetic MXene-based nanoadsorbents with tunable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Sobolev
- REC Smart Materials and Biomedical Applications, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Str. 14, 236014 Kaliningrad, Russia; (A.O.); (K.E.M.)
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Alexander Omelyanchik
- REC Smart Materials and Biomedical Applications, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Str. 14, 236014 Kaliningrad, Russia; (A.O.); (K.E.M.)
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry & INSTM RU, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy (D.P.)
- Institute of Structure of Matter, National Research Council, nM-Lab, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Nikolai Shilov
- REC Smart Materials and Biomedical Applications, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Str. 14, 236014 Kaliningrad, Russia; (A.O.); (K.E.M.)
| | - Mikhail Gorshenkov
- National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninsky Pr. 4b1, 119049 Moscow, Russia (Y.O.)
| | - Nikolai Andreev
- REC Smart Materials and Biomedical Applications, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Str. 14, 236014 Kaliningrad, Russia; (A.O.); (K.E.M.)
- National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninsky Pr. 4b1, 119049 Moscow, Russia (Y.O.)
| | - Antonio Comite
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry & INSTM RU, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy (D.P.)
| | - Sawssen Slimani
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry & INSTM RU, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy (D.P.)
- Institute of Structure of Matter, National Research Council, nM-Lab, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Peddis
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry & INSTM RU, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy (D.P.)
- Institute of Structure of Matter, National Research Council, nM-Lab, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Yevgeniy Ovchenkov
- National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninsky Pr. 4b1, 119049 Moscow, Russia (Y.O.)
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kolmogorova Str. 1/2, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Vasiliev
- National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninsky Pr. 4b1, 119049 Moscow, Russia (Y.O.)
| | - Kurban E. Magomedov
- REC Smart Materials and Biomedical Applications, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Str. 14, 236014 Kaliningrad, Russia; (A.O.); (K.E.M.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Dagestan State University, M. Gadzhiev Str. 43-a, 367000 Makhachkala, Russia
| | - Valeria Rodionova
- REC Smart Materials and Biomedical Applications, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Str. 14, 236014 Kaliningrad, Russia; (A.O.); (K.E.M.)
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Prabhakar Vattikuti SV, Shim J, Rosaiah P, Mauger A, Julien CM. Recent Advances and Strategies in MXene-Based Electrodes for Supercapacitors: Applications, Challenges and Future Prospects. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 14:62. [PMID: 38202517 PMCID: PMC10780966 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
With the growing demand for technologies to sustain high energy consumption, supercapacitors are gaining prominence as efficient energy storage solutions beyond conventional batteries. MXene-based electrodes have gained recognition as a promising material for supercapacitor applications because of their superior electrical conductivity, extensive surface area, and chemical stability. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the recent progress and strategies in the development of MXene-based electrodes for supercapacitors. It covers various synthesis methods, characterization techniques, and performance parameters of these electrodes. The review also highlights the current challenges and limitations, including scalability and stability issues, and suggests potential solutions. The future outlooks and directions for further research in this field are also discussed, including the creation of new synthesis methods and the exploration of novel applications. The aim of the review is to offer a current and up-to-date understanding of the state-of-the-art in MXene-based electrodes for supercapacitors and to stimulate further research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaesool Shim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (S.V.P.V.); (J.S.)
| | - Pitcheri Rosaiah
- Department of Physics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, India;
| | - Alain Mauger
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmologie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Université, UMR-CNRS 7590, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Christian M. Julien
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmologie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Université, UMR-CNRS 7590, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France;
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6
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Zhou J, Dahlqvist M, Björk J, Rosen J. Atomic Scale Design of MXenes and Their Parent Materials─From Theoretical and Experimental Perspectives. Chem Rev 2023; 123:13291-13322. [PMID: 37976459 PMCID: PMC10722466 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
More than a decade after the discovery of MXene, there has been a remarkable increase in research on synthesis, characterization, and applications of this growing family of two-dimensional (2D) carbides and nitrides. Today, these materials include one, two, or more transition metals arranged in chemically ordered or disordered structures of three, five, seven, or nine atomic layers, with a surface chemistry characterized by surface terminations. By combining M, X, and various surface terminations, it appears that a virtually endless number of MXenes is possible. However, for the design and discovery of structures and compositions beyond current MXenes, one needs suitable (stable) precursors, an assessment of viable pathways for 3D to 2D conversion, and utilization or development of corresponding synthesis techniques. Here, we present a critical and forward-looking review of the field of atomic scale design and synthesis of MXenes and their parent materials. We discuss theoretical methods for predicting MXene precursors and for assessing whether they are chemically exfoliable. We also summarize current experimental methods for realizing the predicted materials, listing all verified MXenes to date, and outline research directions that will improve the fundamental understanding of MXene processing, enabling atomic scale design of future 2D materials, for emerging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Materials Design Division,
Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Martin Dahlqvist
- Materials Design Division,
Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jonas Björk
- Materials Design Division,
Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Johanna Rosen
- Materials Design Division,
Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
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7
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Richard B, Shahana C, Vivek R, M AR, Rasheed PA. Acoustic platforms meet MXenes - a new paradigm shift in the palette of biomedical applications. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:18156-18172. [PMID: 37947786 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04901a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The wide applicability of acoustics in the life of mankind spread over health, energy, environment, and others. These acoustic technologies rely on the properties of the materials with which they are made of. However, traditional devices have failed to develop into low-cost, portable devices and need to overcome issues like sensitivity, tunability, and applicability in biological in vivo studies. Nanomaterials, especially 2D materials, have already been proven to produce high optical contrast in photoacoustic applications. One such wonder kid in the materials family is MXenes, which are transition metal carbides, that are nowadays flourishing in the materials world. Recently, it has been demonstrated that MXene nanosheets and quantum dots can be synthesized by acoustic excitations. In addition, MXene can be used as a mechanical sensing material for building piezoresistive sensors to realize sound detection as it produces a sensitive response to pressure and vibration. It has also been demonstrated that MXene nanosheets show high photothermal conversion capability, which can be utilized in cancer treatment and photoacoustic imaging (PAI). In this review, we have rendered the role of acoustics in the palette of MXene, including acoustic synthetic strategies of MXenes, applications such as acoustic sensors, PAI, thermoacoustic devices, sonodynamic therapy, artificial ear drum, and others. The review also discusses the challenges and future prospects of using MXene in acoustic platforms in detail. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review combining acoustic science in MXene research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartholomew Richard
- Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad, Kerala, 678557, India.
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad, Kerala, 678557, India
| | - C Shahana
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, 673601, India
| | - Raju Vivek
- Bio-Nano Theranostic Research Laboratory, Cancer Research Program (CRP), School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India
| | - Amarendar Reddy M
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, National Institute of Technology Andhra Pradesh, West Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, 534101, India
| | - P Abdul Rasheed
- Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad, Kerala, 678557, India.
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad, Kerala, 678557, India
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8
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Alijani H, Reineck P, Komljenovic R, Russo SP, Low MX, Balendhran S, Crozier KB, Walia S, Nash GR, Yeo LY, Rezk AR. The Acoustophotoelectric Effect: Efficient Phonon-Photon-Electron Coupling in Zero-Voltage-Biased 2D SnS 2 for Broad-Band Photodetection. ACS NANO 2023; 17:19254-19264. [PMID: 37755696 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) layered metal dichalcogenides constitute a promising class of materials for photodetector applications due to their excellent optoelectronic properties. The most common photodetectors, which work on the principle of photoconductive or photovoltaic effects, however, require either the application of external voltage biases or built-in electric fields, which makes it challenging to simultaneously achieve high responsivities across broad-band wavelength excitation─especially beyond the material's nominal band gap─while producing low dark currents. In this work, we report the discovery of an intricate phonon-photon-electron coupling─which we term the acoustophotoelectric effect─in SnS2 that facilitates efficient photodetection through the application of 100 MHz order propagating surface acoustic waves (SAWs). This effect not only reduces the band gap of SnS2 but also provides the requisite momentum for indirect band gap transition of the photoexcited charge carriers, to enable broad-band photodetection beyond the visible light range, while maintaining pA-order dark currents─ without the need for any external voltage bias. More specifically, we show in the infrared excitation range that it is possible to achieve up to 8 orders of magnitude improvement in the material's photoresponsivity compared to that previously reported for SnS2-based photodetectors, in addition to exhibiting superior performance compared to most other 2D materials reported to date for photodetection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Alijani
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Philipp Reineck
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Robert Komljenovic
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Salvy P Russo
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Mei Xian Low
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | | | - Kenneth B Crozier
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Sumeet Walia
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Geoff R Nash
- Natural Sciences, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, United Kingdom
| | - Leslie Y Yeo
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Amgad R Rezk
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
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9
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Kubitza N, Büchner C, Sinclair J, Snyder RM, Birkel CS. Extending the Chemistry of Layered Solids and Nanosheets: Chemistry and Structure of MAX Phases, MAB Phases and MXenes. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300214. [PMID: 37500596 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
MAX phases are layered solids with unique properties combining characteristics of ceramics and metals. MXenes are their two-dimensional siblings that can be synthesized as van der Waals-stacked and multi-/single-layer nanosheets, which possess chemical and physical properties that make them interesting for a plethora of applications. Both families of materials are highly versatile in terms of their chemical composition and theoretical studies suggest that many more members are stable and can be synthesized. This is very intriguing because new combinations of elements, and potentially new structures, can lead to further (tunable) properties. In this review, we focus on the synthesis science (including non-conventional approaches) and structure of members less investigated, namely compounds with more exotic M-, A-, and X-elements, for example nitrides and (carbo)nitrides, and the related family of MAB phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Kubitza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universitaet Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Carina Büchner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universitaet Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jordan Sinclair
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Rose M Snyder
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Christina S Birkel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universitaet Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
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10
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Wang T, Zhu L, Zhu W, Kanda H. Direct synthesis of hydrogen fluoride-free multilayered Ti 3C 2/TiO 2 composite and its applications in photocatalysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18718. [PMID: 37554843 PMCID: PMC10405010 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ti3C2/TiO2 hybrids are environment-friendly and exhibit excellent photocatalytic and hydrogen-generating power characteristics. Herein, a novel single-step method is proposed for fabricating multilayer structures in which TiO2, generated from (NH4)2TiF6, wraps the Ti3C2 MXene by etching Ti3AlC2 with (NH4)2TiF6. The optimal reaction conditions for the etching of Ti3AlC2 with (NH4)2TiF6 were systematically studied. The phase composition, morphology, and photophysical properties of the Ti3C2/TiO2 hybrids were investigated using X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and UV-vis spectrophotometry. The thermal stability of the hybrids was investigated using thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses. Along with the formation of Ti3C2 MXene, Ti3AlC2 reacted with (NH4)2TiF6 at 60 °C for 24 h to form hybrids surrounded by NH4TiOF3 crystals. Subsequent reactions of these hybrids with H3BO3 resulted in the conversion of NH4TiOF3 crystals into TiO2 and eventually into Ti3C2/TiO2 hybrids. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity of the Ti3C2/TiO2 hybrids was measured by monitoring the photodegradation of methylene blue under ultraviolet light, which showed that the photocatalytic activity of the Ti3C2/TiO2 hybrids was higher than that of the commercial anatase TiO2 nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Wanying Zhu
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hideki Kanda
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
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11
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Baskoy M, Cetin O, Koylan S, Khan Y, Tuncel G, Erguder TH, Unalan HE. MXene-Decorated Nylon Mesh Filters for Improvement of Indoor Air Quality by PM 2.5 Filtration. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:23465-23476. [PMID: 37426223 PMCID: PMC10323941 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is a problem that is increasing day by day and poses a threat on a global scale. Particulate matter (PM) is one of the air pollutants that is the biggest concern regarding air quality. In order to control PM pollution, highly effective air filters are required. This is especially necessary for PM with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5), which poses a health risk to humans. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time the use of a two-dimensional titanium carbide (Ti3C2) MXene nanosheets-decorated nylon mesh (MDNM) as a low cost and highly efficient PM2.5 filter. This study develops a proof-of-concept method to capture PM2.5. Thanks to their high specific surface area and active surface-terminating groups, conductive MXene nanosheets have made nylon mesh filters promising candidates for air filtration. The developed filters used electrostatic force to capture PM2.5 and showed high removal efficiency (90.05%) when an ionizer was used and under an applied voltage of 10 V, while a commercial high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter had a removal efficiency of 91.03% measured under identical conditions. The proposed filters, which stand out with their low energy consumption, low pressure drop (∼14 Pa), and cost-effectiveness, have the potential to be a strong competitor to conventional PM filter systems used in many fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melek
Hazal Baskoy
- Department
of Environmental Engineering, Middle East
Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Oyku Cetin
- Department
of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serkan Koylan
- Quantum
Solid State Physics (QSP), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 220D, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Yaqoob Khan
- Department
of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gurdal Tuncel
- Department
of Environmental Engineering, Middle East
Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tuba Hande Erguder
- Department
of Environmental Engineering, Middle East
Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Husnu Emrah Unalan
- Department
of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
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12
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Wang W, Yin Y, Gunasekaran S. Nanozymatic degradation and simultaneous colorimetric detection of tetracycline. Food Chem 2023; 426:136607. [PMID: 37329799 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Tetracycline (TC) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that can enter and accumulate in the human body via the food chain. Even in small concentrations, TC can cause several malignant health effects. We developed a system to simultaneously degrade the presence of TC in food matrices using titanium carbide MXene (FL-Ti3C2Tx). The FL-Ti3C2Tx exhibited biocatalytic property that activates hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) molecules in 3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB environment. During the FL-Ti3C2Tx reaction, the catalytic products released turn the color of the H2O2/TMB system bluish-green. However, when TC is present, the bluish-green color does not appear. Via quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, we found that the TC is degraded by FL-Ti3C2Tx / H2O2 in preference to H2O2/TMB redox reaction, which intervenes in the color change. Hence, we developed a colorimetric assay to detect TC with a LOD of 615.38 nM and proposed two TC degradation pathways that facilitate the highly sensitive colorimetric bioassay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizheng Wang
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Yaoqi Yin
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Sundaram Gunasekaran
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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13
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Palei S, Murali G, Kim CH, In I, Lee SY, Park SJ. A Review on Interface Engineering of MXenes for Perovskite Solar Cells. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:123. [PMID: 37160615 PMCID: PMC10169986 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01083-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
With an excellent power conversion efficiency of 25.7%, closer to the Shockley-Queisser limit, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have become a strong candidate for a next-generation energy harvester. However, the lack of stability and reliability in PSCs remained challenging for commercialization. Strategies, such as interfacial and structural engineering, have a more critical influence on enhanced performance. MXenes, two-dimensional materials, have emerged as promising materials in solar cell applications due to their metallic electrical conductivity, high carrier mobility, excellent optical transparency, wide tunable work function, and superior mechanical properties. Owing to different choices of transition elements and surface-terminating functional groups, MXenes possess the feature of tuning the work function, which is an essential metric for band energy alignment between the absorber layer and the charge transport layers for charge carrier extraction and collection in PSCs. Furthermore, adopting MXenes to their respective components helps reduce the interfacial recombination resistance and provides smooth charge transfer paths, leading to enhanced conductivity and operational stability of PSCs. This review paper aims to provide an overview of the applications of MXenes as components, classified according to their roles as additives (into the perovskite absorber layer, charge transport layers, and electrodes) and themselves alone or as interfacial layers, and their significant importance in PSCs in terms of device performance and stability. Lastly, we discuss the present research status and future directions toward its use in PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanta Palei
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - G Murali
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of IT-Energy Convergence (BK21 Four), Chemical Industry Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, South Korea
| | - Choong-Hee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Insik In
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of IT-Energy Convergence (BK21 Four), Chemical Industry Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, South Korea.
| | - Seul-Yi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon, 22212, South Korea.
| | - Soo-Jin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon, 22212, South Korea.
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14
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Wu Z, Liu S, Hao Z, Liu X. MXene Contact Engineering for Printed Electronics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2207174. [PMID: 37096843 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
MXenes emerging as an amazing class of 2D layered materials, have drawn great attention in the past decade. Recent progress suggest that MXene-based materials have been widely explored as conductive electrodes for printed electronics, including electronic and optoelectronic devices, sensors, and energy storage systems. Here, the critical factors impacting device performance are comprehensively interpreted from the viewpoint of contact engineering, thereby giving a deep understanding of surface microstructures, contact defects, and energy level matching as well as their interaction principles. This review also summarizes the existing challenges of MXene inks and the related printing techniques, aiming at inspiring researchers to develop novel large-area and high-resolution printing integration methods. Moreover, to effectually tune the states of contact interface and meet the urgent demands of printed electronics, the significance of MXene contact engineering in reducing defects, matching energy levels, and regulating performance is highlighted. Finally, the printed electronics constructed by the collaborative combination of the printing process and contact engineering are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Thin-Film Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Shuiren Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Thin-Film Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zijuan Hao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Thin-Film Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- Henan Innovation Center for Functional Polymer Membrane Materials, Xinxiang, 453000, P. R. China
| | - Xuying Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Thin-Film Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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15
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Li Y, Huang S, Peng S, Jia H, Pang J, Ibarlucea B, Hou C, Cao Y, Zhou W, Liu H, Cuniberti G. Toward Smart Sensing by MXene. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206126. [PMID: 36517115 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Internet of Things era has promoted enormous research on sensors, communications, data fusion, and actuators. Among them, sensors are a prerequisite for acquiring the environmental information for delivering to an artificial data center to make decisions. The MXene-based sensors have aroused tremendous interest because of their extraordinary performances. In this review, the electrical, electronic, and optical properties of MXenes are first introduced. Next, the MXene-based sensors are discussed according to the sensing mechanisms such as electronic, electrochemical, and optical methods. Initially, biosensors are introduced based on chemiresistors and field-effect transistors. Besides, the wearable pressure sensor is demonstrated with piezoresistive devices. Third, the electrochemical methods include amperometry and electrochemiluminescence as examples. In addition, the optical approaches refer to surface plasmonic resonance and fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Moreover, the prospects are delivered of multimodal data fusion toward complicated human-like senses. Eventually, future opportunities for MXene research are conveyed in the new material discovery, structure design, and proof-of-concept devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufen Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Shirong Huang
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Songang Peng
- High-Frequency High-Voltage Device and Integrated Circuits R&D Center, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Jinbo Pang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Bergoi Ibarlucea
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Chongyang Hou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control and Renewable Energy Technology (Ministry of Education), Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China
- School of Electrical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China
| | - Weijia Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Center of Bio and Micro/Nano Functional Materials, Shandong University, 27 Shandanan Road, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Dresden Center for Intelligent Materials (GCL DCIM), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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16
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Zhang Z, Qi Z, Kong W, Zhang R, Yao C. Applications of MXene and its modified materials in skin wound repair. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1154301. [PMID: 36994359 PMCID: PMC10042448 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1154301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid healing and repair of skin wounds has been receiving much clinical attention. Covering the wound with wound dressing to promote wound healing is currently the main treatment for skin wound repair. However, the performance of wound dressing prepared by a single material is limited and cannot meet the requirements of complex conditions for wound healing. MXene is a new two-dimensional material with electrical conductivity, antibacterial and photothermal properties and other physical and biological properties, which has a wide range of applications in the field of biomedicine. Based on the pathophysiological process of wound healing and the properties of ideal wound dressing, this review will introduce the preparation and modification methods of MXene, systematically summarize and review the application status and mechanism of MXene in skin wound healing, and provide guidance for subsequent researchers to further apply MXene in the design of skin wound dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiping Qi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weijian Kong
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Renfeng Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunli Yao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Chunli Yao,
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17
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Recovery of oxidized two-dimensional MXenes through high frequency nanoscale electromechanical vibration. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3. [PMID: 36596770 PMCID: PMC9810719 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34699-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
MXenes hold immense potential given their superior electrical properties. The practical adoption of these promising materials is, however, severely constrained by their oxidative susceptibility, leading to significant performance deterioration and lifespan limitations. Attempts to preserve MXenes have been limited, and it has not been possible thus far to reverse the material's performance. In this work, we show that subjecting oxidized micron or nanometer thickness dry MXene films-even those constructed from nanometer-order solution-dispersed oxidized flakes-to just one minute of 10 MHz nanoscale electromechanical vibration leads to considerable removal of its surface oxide layer, whilst preserving its structure and characteristics. Importantly, electrochemical performance is recovered close to that of their original state: the pseudocapacitance, which decreased by almost 50% due to its oxidation, reverses to approximately 98% of its original value, with good capacitance retention ( ≈ 93%) following 10,000 charge-discharge cycles at 10 A g-1. These promising results allude to the exciting possibility for rejuvenating the material for reuse, therefore offering a more economical and sustainable route that improves its potential for practical translation.
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18
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Kandeel M, Turki Jalil A, hadi Lafta M, Ziyadullaev S, Fakri Mustafa Y. Recent progress in synthesis and applications of MXene-based nanomaterials (MBNs) for (bio)sensing of microbial toxins, pathogenic bacteria in food matrices. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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19
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Amrillah T, Abdullah CAC, Hermawan A, Sari FNI, Alvani VN. Towards Greener and More Sustainable Synthesis of MXenes: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4280. [PMID: 36500902 PMCID: PMC9793760 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The unique properties of MXenes have been deemed to be of significant interest in various emerging applications. However, MXenes provide a major drawback involving environmentally harmful and toxic substances for its general fabrication in large-scale production and employing a high-temperature solid-state reaction followed by selective etching. Meanwhile, how MXenes are synthesized is essential in directing their end uses. Therefore, making strategic approaches to synthesize greener, safer, more sustainable, and more environmentally friendly MXenes is imperative to commercialize at a competitive price. With increasing reports of green synthesis that promote advanced technologies and non-toxic agents, it is critical to compile, summarize, and synthesize the latest development of the green-related technology of MXenes. We review the recent progress of greener, safer, and more sustainable MXene synthesis with a focus on the fundamental synthetic process, the mechanism, and the general advantages, and the emphasis on the MXene properties inherited from such green synthesis techniques. The emerging use of the so-called green MXenes in energy conversion and storage, environmental remediation, and biomedical applications is presented. Finally, the remaining challenges and prospects of greener MXene synthesis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahta Amrillah
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Che Azurahanim Che Abdullah
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Nanomaterial Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Angga Hermawan
- Research Center for Advanced Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), South Tangerang 15315, Banten, Indonesia
| | - Fitri Nur Indah Sari
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Vani Novita Alvani
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai 9808579, Japan
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20
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Gong S, Zhao F, Zhang Y, Xu H, Li M, Qi J, Wang H, Wang Z, Hu Y, Fan X, Peng W, Li C, Liu J. Few-Layered Ti3C2Tx MXene Synthesized via Water-free Etching toward High-Performance Supercapacitors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 632:216-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Tian Z, Tian H, Cao K, Bai S, Peng Q, Wang Y, Zhu Q. Facile preparation of Ti3C2Tx sheets by selectively etching in a H2SO4/H2O2 mixture. Front Chem 2022; 10:962528. [PMID: 36339050 PMCID: PMC9626649 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.962528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MXenes and MXene-based composite materials have potential applications in a wide range of areas due to their unique physical and chemical characteristics. At present, it is still a major challenge to develop a simple, safe, and efficient route to prepare MXenes without using fluorinated etchants. Herein, we design a facile method to prepare Ti3C2Tx MXene sheets by selectively etching Ti3AlC2 powders in an aqueous diluted H2SO4 solution with H2O2 as an oxidant. In a system of H2SO4 and H2O2, an aqueous H2SO4 solution with a concentration of 6 mol/L is a strongly acidic medium with no volatility, and 30% H2O2 acts as a strong green oxidizer without harmful by-products. The experimental process is safe and convenient to conduct in a beaker under a water bath of 40°C. The etching process can be completed in 1 h under the air atmosphere conditions. The experimental results confirmed that the etched Ti3AlC2 powders can be successfully separated into Ti3C2Tx nanosheets under ultrasound treatment without using any intercalation agent. The relevant etching mechanism is may be attributed to the synergy effect of H2SO4 and H2O2, which triggers sequential selective etching of Al layers from the Ti3AlC2 phase. It may provide a new green way to prepare MXene-based materials without using toxic HF or HF-containing etchants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengshan Tian
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Eco-economic Woody Plant, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengshan Tian, ; Suzhen Bai,
| | - Hao Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kesheng Cao
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Eco-economic Woody Plant, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Suzhen Bai
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Eco-economic Woody Plant, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengshan Tian, ; Suzhen Bai,
| | - Qinlong Peng
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Eco-economic Woody Plant, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Yabo Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Eco-economic Woody Plant, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Qiuxiang Zhu
- College of Information and Electronic Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang, China
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22
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Lu D, Zhao H, Zhang X, Chen Y, Feng L. New Horizons for MXenes in Biosensing Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12100820. [PMID: 36290957 PMCID: PMC9599192 DOI: 10.3390/bios12100820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, biosensors have made significant advances in detecting non-invasive biomarkers of disease-related body fluid substances with high sensitivity, high accuracy, low cost and ease in operation. Among various two-dimensional (2D) materials, MXenes have attracted widespread interest due to their unique surface properties, as well as mechanical, optical, electrical and biocompatible properties, and have been applied in various fields, particularly in the preparation of biosensors, which play a critical role. Here, we systematically introduce the application of MXenes in electrochemical, optical and other bioanalytical methods in recent years. Finally, we summarise and discuss problems in the field of biosensing and possible future directions of MXenes. We hope to provide an outlook on MXenes applications in biosensing and to stimulate broader interests and research in MXenes across different disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Decheng Lu
- Department of Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Huijuan Zhao
- Department of Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Qing Wei Chang College, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xinying Zhang
- Department of Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Lingyan Feng
- Department of Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Shanghai 200444, China
- Correspondence:
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23
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Zhang Q, Fan R, Cheng W, Ji P, Sheng J, Liao Q, Lai H, Fu X, Zhang C, Li H. Synthesis of Large-Area MXenes with High Yields through Power-Focused Delamination Utilizing Vortex Kinetic Energy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202748. [PMID: 35975421 PMCID: PMC9534978 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Evaluating the delamination process in the synthesis of MXenes (2D transition metal carbides and nitrides) is critical for their development and applications. However, the preparation of large defect-free MXene flakes with high yields is challenging. Here, a power-focused delamination (PFD) strategy is demonstrated that can enhance both the delamination efficiency and yield of large Ti3 C2 Tx MXene nanosheets through repetitive precipitation and vortex shaking processes. Following this protocol, a colloidal concentration of 20.4 mg mL-1 of the Ti3 C2 Tx MXene can be achieved after five PFD cycles, and the yield of the basal-plane-defect-free Ti3 C2 Tx nanosheets reaches 61.2%, which is 6.4-fold higher than that obtained using the sonication-exfoliation method. Both nanometer-thin devices and self-supporting films exhibit excellent electrical conductivities (≈25 000 and 8260 S cm-1 for a 1.8 nm thick monolayer and 11 µm thick film, respectively). Hydrodynamic simulations reveal that the PFD method can efficiently concentrate the shear stress on the surface of the unexfoliated material, leading to the exfoliation of the nanosheets. The PFD-synthesized large MXene nanosheets exhibit superior electrical conductivities and electromagnetic shielding (shielding effectiveness per unit volume: 35 419 dB cm2 g-1 ). Therefore, the PFD strategy provides an efficient route for the preparation of high-performance single-layer MXene nanosheets with large areas and high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiao Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials and Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource ChemistryShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234P. R. China
| | - Runze Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials and Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource ChemistryShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234P. R. China
| | - Weihua Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials and Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource ChemistryShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234P. R. China
| | - Peiyi Ji
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials and Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource ChemistryShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234P. R. China
| | - Jie Sheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials and Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource ChemistryShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234P. R. China
| | - Qingliang Liao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials and Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource ChemistryShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234P. R. China
| | - Huirong Lai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials and Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource ChemistryShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234P. R. China
| | - Xueli Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials and Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource ChemistryShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234P. R. China
| | - Chenhao Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials and Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource ChemistryShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials and Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource ChemistryShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234P. R. China
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24
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Murali G, Reddy Modigunta JK, Park YH, Lee JH, Rawal J, Lee SY, In I, Park SJ. A Review on MXene Synthesis, Stability, and Photocatalytic Applications. ACS NANO 2022; 16:13370-13429. [PMID: 36094932 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic water splitting, CO2 reduction, and pollutant degradation have emerged as promising strategies to remedy the existing environmental and energy crises. However, grafting of expensive and less abundant noble-metal cocatalysts on photocatalyst materials is a mandatory practice to achieve enhanced photocatalytic performance owing to the ability of the cocatalysts to extract electrons efficiently from the photocatalyst and enable rapid/enhanced catalytic reaction. Hence, developing highly efficient, inexpensive, and noble-metal-free cocatalysts composed of earth-abundant elements is considered as a noteworthy step toward considering photocatalysis as a more economical strategy. Recently, MXenes (two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides) have shown huge potential as alternatives for noble-metal cocatalysts. MXenes have several excellent properties, including atomically thin 2D morphology, metallic electrical conductivity, hydrophilic surface, and high specific surface area. In addition, they exhibit Gibbs free energy of intermediate H atom adsorption as close to zero and less than that of a commercial Pt-based cocatalyst, a Fermi level position above the H2 generation potential, and an excellent ability to capture and activate CO2 molecules. Therefore, there is a growing interest in MXene-based photocatalyst materials for various photocatalytic events. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in the synthesis of MXenes with 2D and 0D morphologies, the stability of MXenes, and MXene-based photocatalysts for H2 evolution, CO2 reduction, and pollutant degradation. The existing challenges and the possible future directions to enhance the photocatalytic performance of MXene-based photocatalysts are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Murali
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of IT-Energy Convergence (BK21 FOUR), Chemical Industry Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeevan Kumar Reddy Modigunta
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of IT-Energy Convergence (BK21 FOUR), Chemical Industry Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Park
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of IT-Energy Convergence (BK21 FOUR), Chemical Industry Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jishu Rawal
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul-Yi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Insik In
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of IT-Energy Convergence (BK21 FOUR), Chemical Industry Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
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25
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State-of-the-art progresses for Ti3C2Tx MXene reinforced polymer composites in corrosion and tribology aspects. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 309:102790. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Khan K, Tareen AK, Iqbal M, Zhang Y, Mahmood A, Mahmood N, Yin J, Khatoon R, Zhang H. Recent advance in MXenes: New horizons in electrocatalysis and environmental remediation technologies. PROG SOLID STATE CH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2022.100370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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27
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Wei S, Fu Y, Roy P, Tong X, Yue H, Liu M, Jaiswal HN, Shahi S, Gata YI, Butler T, Li H, Jia Q, Yao F. Two Birds with One Stone: Prelithiated Two-Dimensional Nanohybrids as High-Performance Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:35673-35681. [PMID: 35913052 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As an inexpensive and naturally abundant two-dimensional (2D) material, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) exhibits a high Li-ion storage capacity along with a low volume expansion upon lithiation, rendering it an alternative anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the challenge of using MoS2-based anodes is their intrinsically low electrical conductivity and unsatisfied cycle stability. To address the above issues, we have exploited a wet chemical technique and integrated MoS2 with highly conductive titanium carbide (Ti3C2) MXene to form a 2D nanohybrid. The binary hybrids were then subjected to an n-butyllithium (n-Buli) treatment to induce both MoS2 deep phase transition and MXene surface functionality modulation simultaneously. We observed a substantial increase in 1T-phase MoS2 content and a clear suppression of -F-containing functional groups in MXene due to the prelithiation process enabled by the n-Buli treatment. Such an approach not only increases the overall network conductivity but also improves Li-ion diffusion kinetics. As a result, the MoS2/Ti3C2 composite with n-Buli treatment delivered a high Li-ion storage capacity (540 mA h g-1 at 100 mA g-1), outstanding cycle stability (up to 300 cycles), and excellent rate capability. This work provides an effective strategy for the structure-property engineering of 2D materials and sheds light on the rational design of high-performance LIBs using 2D-based anode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sichen Wei
- Department of Materials Design and Innovation, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Materials Design and Innovation, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Pinku Roy
- Department of Materials Design and Innovation, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Xiao Tong
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Hongyan Yue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Maomao Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Hemendra Nath Jaiswal
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Simran Shahi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Yannick Iniatius Gata
- Department of Materials Design and Innovation, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Tony Butler
- Department of Materials Design and Innovation, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Huamin Li
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Quanxi Jia
- Department of Materials Design and Innovation, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Fei Yao
- Department of Materials Design and Innovation, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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Panda S, Deshmukh K, Khadheer Pasha S, Theerthagiri J, Manickam S, Choi MY. MXene based emerging materials for supercapacitor applications: Recent advances, challenges, and future perspectives. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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29
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Chew NSL, Wong KS, Chang WS, Ooi CW, Yeo LY, Tan MK. Nanoscale plasma-activated aerosol generation for in situ surface pathogen disinfection. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2022; 8:41. [PMID: 35498339 PMCID: PMC9008002 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-022-00373-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plasma treatment constitutes an efficient method for chemical-free disinfection. A spray-based system for dispensing plasma-activated aerosols onto surfaces would facilitate disinfection of complex and/or hidden surfaces inaccessible to direct line-of-sight (for example, UV) methods. The complexity and size of current plasma generators (for example, plasma jet and cometary plasma systems)-which prohibit portable operation, together with the short plasma lifetimes, necessitate a miniaturized in situ technique in which a source can be simultaneously activated and administered on-demand onto surfaces. Here, we demonstrate this possibility by combining two nanoscale technologies for plasma and aerosol generation into an integrated device that is sufficiently small and lightweight. Plasma is generated on a carpet of zinc oxide nanorods comprising a nanoneedle ensemble, which when raised to a high electric potential, constitutes a massive point charge array with near-singular electric fields to effect atmospheric breakdown. The plasma is then used to activate water transported through an underlying capillary wick, that is subsequently aerosolized under MHz-order surface acoustic waves. We show that the system, besides being amenable to miniaturization and hence integration into a chipscale device, leads to a considerable improvement in plasma-activation over its macroscale cometary discharge predecessor, with up to 20% and 127% higher hydrogen peroxide and nitrite ion concentrations that are respectively generated in the plasma-activated aerosols. This, in turn, leads to a 67% reduction in the disinfection time to achieve 95% bacterial load reduction, therefore demonstrating the potential of the technology as an efficient portable platform for on-demand field-use surface disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S. L. Chew
- Mechanical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Kiing S. Wong
- Mechanical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Wei S. Chang
- Mechanical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Chien W. Ooi
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Leslie Y. Yeo
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Ming K. Tan
- Mechanical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Malaysia
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30
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Chen J, Chen M, Zhou W, Xu X, Liu B, Zhang W, Wong C. Simplified Synthesis of Fluoride-Free Ti 3C 2T x via Electrochemical Etching toward High-Performance Electrochemical Capacitors. ACS NANO 2022; 16:2461-2470. [PMID: 35080179 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
MXenes have been intensively studied for electrochemical energy storage and other applications. However, time-consuming multistep procedures involving hypertoxic HF or alike are utilized in conventional synthesis methods of MXenes. Besides, -F terminal functional groups inevitably exist in these MXenes, detrimental to supercapacitor and battery performances. Herein, we develop a facile and time-saving electrochemical etching method to synthesize F-free and Cl-containing Ti3C2Tx in a mixed LiOH and LiCl aqueous solution with an etching efficiency of 92.2%. During the synthesis, sonification alone is able to delaminate Ti3C2Tx without using any hazardous organic intercalant. The obtained delaminated Ti3C2Tx flakes are ∼3.8 μm in lateral size and ∼3.9 nm in thickness, and can be stable in an aqueous dispersion for at least 15 days. The filtrated Ti3C2Tx film is 20.5 MPa in tensile strength, 13.4 GPa in Young's modulus, and 1663 S cm-1 in electrical conductivity, and exhibits specific capacitances of 323.7 F g-1, 1.39 F cm-2, and 1160 F cm-3 for supercapacitors. Also, a flexible zinc-ion hybrid capacitor with energy density values of 20.8 mWh cm-3 and 249.9 μWh cm-2 is assembled by using the Ti3C2Tx film as the cathode, and can maintain almost all its capacity under bending.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhang Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Minfeng Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Weijun Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xinwu Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Bo Liu
- College of Mathematics and Physics, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chingping Wong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332, United States
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31
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Liu X, Jia Q, Fu Y, Zheng T. Exfoliation of metal-organic framework nanosheets using surface acoustic waves. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 83:105943. [PMID: 35144193 PMCID: PMC8844814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic framework (MOF) nanosheets have recently received extensive attention due to their ultra-thin thickness, large specific surface area, chemical and functional designability. In this study, an unconventional method using surface acoustic wave (SAW) technology is proposed to exfoliate large quantities and uniform layers of 2D MOF-Zn2(bim)4 nanosheets in a microfluidic system. We successfully demonstrated that the thickness of 2D MOF is effectively and accurately controlled by optimizing the SAW parameters. The mechanisms for the efficient exfoliation of 2D MOF nanosheets is attributed to both the electric and acoustic fields generated by the SAWs in the liquid. The electric field ionizes the methanol to produce H+ ions, which intercalate Zn2(bim)4 sheets and weaken the interlayer bonding, and the strong shear force generated by SAWs separates the MOF sheets. A yield of 66% for monolayer MOFs with a maximum size of 3.5 μm is achieved under the combined effect of electric and acoustic fields. This fast, low-energy exfoliation platform has the potential to provide a simple and scalable microfluidic exfoliation method for production of large-area and quantities of 2D MOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China; Shaanxi Key Lab of Intelligent Robots, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinxiang Jia
- Department of Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqing Fu
- Faculty of Engineering & Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Tengfei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China; Shaanxi Key Lab of Intelligent Robots, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China.
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32
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Zhu J, Zhang J, Lin R, Fu B, Song C, Shang W, Tao P, Deng T. Rapid one-step scalable microwave synthesis of Ti 3C 2T x MXene. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12611-12614. [PMID: 34755720 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04989e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate a rapid one-step scalable microwave heating-based method to prepare Ti3C2Tx MXenes, which shortens the synthesis time from tens of hours for state-of-the-art approaches to 15 minutes and avoids time-consuming delamination with organic compounds. Noticeably, the microwave-synthesized MXene nanosheets have a tailorable size, a stable colloidal dispersion, high electrical conductivity and superior near-infrared (NIR) photothermal conversion performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Ruiming Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Benwei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Chengyi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Wen Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Peng Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Tao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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33
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Shi Z, Khaledialidusti R, Malaki M, Zhang H. MXene-Based Materials for Solar Cell Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3170. [PMID: 34947518 PMCID: PMC8707056 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MXenes are a class of two-dimensional nanomaterials with exceptional tailor-made properties, making them promising candidates for a wide variety of critical applications from energy systems, optics, electromagnetic interference shielding to those advanced sensors, and medical devices. Owing to its mechano-ceramic nature, MXenes have superior thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties. Recently, MXene-based materials are being extensively explored for solar cell applications wherein materials with superior sustainability, performance, and efficiency have been developed in demand to reduce the manufacturing cost of the present solar cell materials as well as enhance the productivity, efficiency, and performance of the MXene-based materials for solar energy harvesting. It is aimed in this review to study those MXenes employed in solar technologies, and in terms of the layout of the current paper, those 2D materials candidates used in solar cell applications are briefly reviewed and discussed, and then the fabrication methods are introduced. The key synthesis methods of MXenes, as well as the electrical, optical, and thermoelectric properties, are explained before those research efforts studying MXenes in solar cell materials are comprehensively discussed. It is believed that the use of MXene in solar technologies is in its infancy stage and many research efforts are yet to be performed on the current pitfalls to fill the existing voids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Shi
- School of Physics and New Energy, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China;
| | - Rasoul Khaledialidusti
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway;
| | - Massoud Malaki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Han Zhang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Phosphorene and Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science and Technology, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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34
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Usman KAS, Qin S, Henderson LC, Zhang J, Hegh DY, Razal JM. Ti 3C 2T x MXene: from dispersions to multifunctional architectures for diverse applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:2886-2912. [PMID: 34724521 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh00968k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The exciting combination of high electrical conductivity, high specific capacitance and colloidal stability of two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx MXene (referred to as MXene) has shown great potential in a wide range of applications including wearable electronics, energy storage, sensors, and electromagnetic interference shielding. To realize its full potential, recent literature has reported a variety of solution-based processing methodologies to develop MXenes into multifunctional architectures, such as fibres, films and aerogels. In response to these recent critical advances, this review provides a comprehensive analysis of the diverse solution-based processing methodologies currently being used for MXene-architecture fabrication. A critical evaluation of the processing challenges directly affecting macroscale material properties and ultimately, the performance of the resulting prototype devices is also provided. Opportunities arising from the observed and foreseen challenges regarding their use are discussed to provide avenues for new designs and realise practical use in high performance applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Aldren S Usman
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| | - Si Qin
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| | - Luke C Henderson
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| | - Jizhen Zhang
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| | - Dylan Y Hegh
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
| | - Joselito M Razal
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.
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35
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Wei Y, Zhang P, Soomro RA, Zhu Q, Xu B. Advances in the Synthesis of 2D MXenes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2103148. [PMID: 34423479 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
2D transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, also known as MXenes, are versatile materials due to their adjustable structure and rich surface chemistry. The physical and chemical diversity has recognized MXenes as a potential 2D material with a wide spectrum of application domains. Since the discovery of MXenes in 2011, a wide variety of synthetic routes has been proposed with advancement toward large-scale preparing methods for MXene nanosheets and derivative products. Herein, the critical synthesis aspects and the operating conditions that influence the physical and chemical characteristics of MXenes are discussed in detail. The emerging etching methods including HF etching methods, in situ HF-forming etching methods, electrochemical etching methods, alkali etching methods, and molten salt etching methods, as well as delamination strategies are discussed. Considering the future developments and practical applications, the large-scale synthesis routes and the antioxidation strategies of MXenes are also summarized. In summary, a generalized overview of MXenes synthesis protocols with an outlook for the current challenges and promising technologies for large-scale preparation and stable storage is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Razium A Soomro
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qizhen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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36
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Naguib M, Barsoum MW, Gogotsi Y. Ten Years of Progress in the Synthesis and Development of MXenes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2103393. [PMID: 34396592 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Since their discovery in 2011, the number of 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) has steadily increased. Currently more than 40 MXene compositions exist. The ultimate number is far greater and in time they may develop into the largest family of 2D materials known. MXenes' unique properties, such as their metal-like electrical conductivity reaching ≈20 000 S cm-1 , render them quite useful in a large number of applications, including energy storage, optoelectronic, biomedical, communications, and environmental. The number of MXene papers and patents published has been growing quickly. The first MXene generation is synthesized using selective etching of metal layers from the MAX phases, layered transition metal carbides and carbonitrides using hydrofluoric acid. Since then, multiple synthesis approaches have been developed, including selective etching in a mixture of fluoride salts and various acids, non-aqueous etchants, halogens, and molten salts, allowing for the synthesis of new MXenes with better control over their surface chemistries. Herein, a brief historical overview of the first 10 years of MXene research and a perspective on their synthesis and future development are provided. The fact that their production is readily scalable in aqueous environments, with high yields bodes well for their commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Naguib
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Michel W Barsoum
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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37
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Alijani H, Rezk AR, Khosravi Farsani MM, Ahmed H, Halim J, Reineck P, Murdoch BJ, El-Ghazaly A, Rosen J, Yeo LY. Acoustomicrofluidic Synthesis of Pristine Ultrathin Ti 3C 2T z MXene Nanosheets and Quantum Dots. ACS NANO 2021; 15:12099-12108. [PMID: 34184875 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c03428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The conversion of layered transition metal carbides and/or nitrides (MXenes) into zero-dimensional structures with thicknesses and lateral dimensions of a few nanometers allows these recently discovered materials with exceptional electronic properties to exploit the additional benefits of quantum confinement, edge effects, and large surface area. Conventional methods for the conversion of MXene nanosheets and quantum dots, however, involve extreme conditions such as high temperatures and/or harsh chemicals that, among other disadvantages, lead to significant degradation of the material as a consequence of their oxidation. Herein, we show that the large surface acceleration-on the order of 10 million g's-produced by high-frequency (10 MHz) nanometer-order electromechanical vibrations on a chip-scale piezoelectric substrate is capable of efficiently nebulizing, and consequently dimensionally reducing, a suspension of multilayer Ti3C2Tz (MXene) into predominantly monolayer nanosheets and quantum dots while, importantly, preserving the material from any appreciable oxidation. As an example application, we show that the high-purity MXene quantum dots produced using this room-temperature chemical-free synthesis method exhibit superior performance as electrode materials for electrochemical sensing of hydrogen peroxide compared to the highly oxidized samples obtained through conventional hydrothermal synthesis. The ability to detect concentrations as low as 5 nM is a 10-fold improvement to the best reported performance of Ti3C2Tz MXene electrochemical sensors to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Alijani
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Amgad R Rezk
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | | | - Heba Ahmed
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Joseph Halim
- Thin Film Physics Division, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping SE-58183, Sweden
| | - Philipp Reineck
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Billy J Murdoch
- RMIT Microscopy & Microanalysis Facility, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Ahmed El-Ghazaly
- Thin Film Physics Division, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping SE-58183, Sweden
| | - Johanna Rosen
- Thin Film Physics Division, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping SE-58183, Sweden
| | - Leslie Y Yeo
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
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VahidMohammadi A, Rosen J, Gogotsi Y. The world of two-dimensional carbides and nitrides (MXenes). Science 2021; 372:372/6547/eabf1581. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abf1581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 400] [Impact Index Per Article: 133.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A decade after the first report, the family of two-dimensional (2D) carbides and nitrides (MXenes) includes structures with three, five, seven, or nine layers of atoms in an ordered or solid solution form. Dozens of MXene compositions have been produced, resulting in MXenes with mixed surface terminations. MXenes have shown useful and tunable electronic, optical, mechanical, and electrochemical properties, leading to applications ranging from optoelectronics, electromagnetic interference shielding, and wireless antennas to energy storage, catalysis, sensing, and medicine. Here we present a forward-looking review of the field of MXenes. We discuss the challenges to be addressed and outline research directions that will deepen the fundamental understanding of the properties of MXenes and enable their hybridization with other 2D materials in various emerging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin VahidMohammadi
- A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Johanna Rosen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping SE-583 31, Sweden
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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