1
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Barri N, Rastogi A, Islam MA, Kumral B, Demingos PG, Onodera M, Machida T, Singh CV, Filleter T. Cyclic Wear Reliability of 2D Monolayers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:27979-27987. [PMID: 38752682 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Understanding wear, a critical factor impacting the reliability of mechanical systems, is vital for nano-, meso-, and macroscale applications. Due to the complex nature of nanoscale wear, the behavior of nanomaterials such as two-dimensional materials under cyclic wear and their surface damage mechanism is yet unexplored. In this study, we used atomic force microscopy coupled with molecular dynamic simulations to statistically examine the cyclic wear behavior of monolayer graphene, MoS2, and WSe2. We show that graphene displays exceptional durability and lasts over 3000 cycles at 85% of the applied critical normal load before failure, while MoS2 and WSe2 last only 500 cycles on average. Moreover, graphene undergoes catastrophic failure as a result of stress concentration induced by local out-of-plane deformation. In contrast, MoS2 and WSe2 exhibit intermittent failure, characterized by damage initiation at the edge of the wear track and subsequent propagation throughout the entire contact area. In addition to direct implications for MEMS and NEMS industries, this work can also enable the optimization of the use of 2D materials as lubricant additives on a macroscopic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Barri
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G8
| | - Akshat Rastogi
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G8
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E4
| | - Md Akibul Islam
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G8
| | - Boran Kumral
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G8
| | - Pedro Guerra Demingos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E4
| | - Momoko Onodera
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153 8505, Japan
| | - Tomoki Machida
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153 8505, Japan
| | - Chandra Veer Singh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E4
| | - Tobin Filleter
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G8
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2
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Rai H, Thakur D, Gadal A, Ye Z, Balakrishnan V, Gosvami NN. Transforming friction: unveiling sliding-induced phase transitions in CVD-grown WS 2 monolayers under single-asperity sliding nanocontacts. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:7102-7109. [PMID: 38501154 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06556a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) exhibit diverse properties across different phases, making them promising materials for various engineering applications. In the present work, we employed a comprehensive approach, combining experimental investigations and computational simulations to elucidate the remarkable tunable frictional characteristics of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown WS2 monolayers through the sliding-induced transitions between the 1H and 1T' phases. Our atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements reveal a significant contrast in friction between the two phases, with the 1H phase displaying higher friction (∼52%) than the 1T' phase. Surprisingly, under repeated scanning at constant stress, the friction of the 1H phase decreases, eventually matching the lower friction values of the 1T' phase. It was observed that the phase transformation is irreversible and is strongly dependent on contact stresses and is accelerated as the contact stress is increased by increasing the applied normal load. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provide further insights into the phase transition mechanism, highlighting the role of localized lateral stress and strain induced by sliding an AFM tip on the 1H phase. The simulations confirm that sliding induced localized lateral strain plays a crucial role in the phase transition, ultimately resulting in a decrease in friction. Moreover, our simulations unveil an intriguing connection between friction, potential energy surfaces, and the localized lateral strain during the phase transformation process. Our findings not only offer insights into the tribological properties of TMD materials but also open new possibilities for tailoring their performance in various applications where reducing friction and wear is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Rai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Deepa Thakur
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India.
| | - Aayush Gadal
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA.
| | - Zhijiang Ye
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA.
| | - Viswanath Balakrishnan
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India.
| | - Nitya Nand Gosvami
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
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3
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Jiang W, Sofer R, Gao X, Tkatchenko A, Kronik L, Ouyang W, Urbakh M, Hod O. Anisotropic Interlayer Force Field for Group-VI Transition Metal Dichalcogenides. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:9820-9830. [PMID: 37938019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
An anisotropic interlayer force field that describes the interlayer interactions in homogeneous and heterogeneous interfaces of group-VI transition metal dichalcogenides (MX2, where M = Mo, W, and X = S, Se) is presented. The force field is benchmarked against density functional theory calculations for bilayer systems within the Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof hybrid density functional approximation, augmented by a nonlocal many-body dispersion treatment of long-range correlation. The parametrization yields good agreement with the reference calculations of binding energy curves and sliding potential energy surfaces. It is found to be transferable to transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) junctions outside of the training set that contain the same atom types. Calculated bulk moduli agree with most previous dispersion-corrected density functional theory predictions, which underestimate the available experimental values. Calculated phonon spectra of the various junctions under consideration demonstrate the importance of appropriately treating the anisotropic nature of the layered interfaces. Considering our previous parametrization for MoS2, the anisotropic interlayer potential enables accurate and efficient large-scale simulations of the dynamical, tribological, and thermal transport properties of a large set of homogeneous and heterogeneous TMD interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwu Jiang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Reut Sofer
- School of Chemistry and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Xiang Gao
- School of Chemistry and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Alexandre Tkatchenko
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Leeor Kronik
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 76100, Israel
| | - Wengen Ouyang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Michael Urbakh
- School of Chemistry and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Oded Hod
- School of Chemistry and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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4
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Song Y, Meyer E. Atomic Friction Processes of Two-Dimensional Materials. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:15409-15416. [PMID: 37880203 PMCID: PMC10634352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
In this Perspective, we present the recent advances in atomic friction measured of two-dimensional materials obtained by friction force microscopy. Starting with the atomic-scale stick-slip behavior, a beautiful highly nonequilibrium process, we discuss the main factors that contribute to determine sliding friction between single asperity and a two-dimensional sheet including chemical identity of material, thickness, external load, sliding direction, velocity/temperature, and contact size. In particular, we focus on the latest progress of the more complex friction behavior of moiré systems involving 2D layered materials. The underlying mechanisms of these frictional characteristics observed during the sliding process by theoretical and computational studies are also discussed. Finally, a discussion and outlook on the perspective of this field are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Song
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Ernst Meyer
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel 4056, Switzerland
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5
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Lee D, Jeong H, Lee H, Kim YH, Park JY. Phase-dependent Friction on Exfoliated Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Atomic Layers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302713. [PMID: 37485739 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The fundamental aspects of energy dissipation on 2-dimensional (2D) atomic layers are extensively studied. Among various atomic layers, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) exists in several phases based on their lattice structure, which give rise to the different phononic and electronic contributions in energy dissipation. 2H and 1T' (distorted 1T) phase MoS2 and MoTe2 atomic layers exfoliated on mica substrate are obtained and investigated their nanotribological properties with atomic force microscopy (AFM)/ friction force microscopy (FFM). Surprisingly, 1T' phase of both MoS2 and MoTe2 exhibits ≈10 times higher friction compared to 2H phase. With density functional theory analyses, the friction increase is attributed to enhanced electronic excitation, efficient phonon dissipation, and increased potential energy surface barrier at the tip-sample interface. This study suggests the intriguing possibility of tuning the friction of TMDs through phase transition, which can lead to potential application in tunable tribological devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dooho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hochan Jeong
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Young Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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6
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Wang R, Zhang F, Yang K, Xiong Y, Tang J, Chen H, Duan M, Li Z, Zhang H, Xiong B. Review of two-dimensional nanomaterials in tribology: Recent developments, challenges and prospects. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 321:103004. [PMID: 37837702 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.103004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
From our ordinary lives to various mechanical systems, friction and wear are often unavoidable phenomena that are heavily responsible for excessive expenditures of nonrenewable energy, the damages and failures of system movement components, as well as immense economic losses. Thus, achieving low friction and high anti-wear performance is critical for minimization of these adverse factors. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, including transition metal dichalcogenides, single elements, transition metal carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides, hexagonal boron nitride, and metal-organic frameworks have attracted remarkable interests in friction and wear reduction of various applications, owing to their atomic-thin planar morphologies and tribological potential. In this paper, we systematically review the current tribological progress on 2D nanomaterials when used as lubricant additives, reinforcement phases in the coatings and bulk materials, or a major component of superlubricity system. Additionally, the conclusions and prospects on 2D nanomaterials with the existing drawbacks, challenges and future direction in such tribological fields are briefly provided. Finally, we sincerely hope such a review will offer valuable lights for 2D nanomaterial-related researches dedicated on tribology in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruili Wang
- Faculty of Engineering, Huanghe Science and Technology University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Feizhi Zhang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Materials Surface/Interface Science & Technology, Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Avenue West of Yellow River, Anyang 455000, China.
| | - Kang Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Avenue West of Yellow River, Anyang 455000, China.
| | - Yahui Xiong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Avenue West of Yellow River, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Avenue West of Yellow River, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Avenue West of Yellow River, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Mengchen Duan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Avenue West of Yellow River, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Zhenjie Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Avenue West of Yellow River, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Honglei Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Avenue West of Yellow River, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Bangying Xiong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Avenue West of Yellow River, Anyang 455000, China
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Shi J, Zhao R, Yang Z, Yang J, Zhang W, Wang C, Zhang J. Template-free scalable growth of vertically-aligned MoS 2 nanowire array meta-structural films towards robust superlubricity. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:4148-4162. [PMID: 37395527 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00677h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide exhibits a variety of intriguing behaviors depending on its orientation layers. Therefore, developing a template-free atomic layer orientation controllable growth approach is of great importance. Here, we demonstrate scalable, template-free, well-ordered vertically-oriented MoS2 nanowire arrays (VO-MoS2 NWAs) embedded in an Ag-MoS2 matrix, directly grown on various substrates (Si, Al, and stainless steel) via one-step sputtering. In the meta-structured film, vertically-standing few-layered MoS2 NWAs of almost micron length (∼720 nm) throughout the entire film bulk. While near the surface, MoS2 lamellae are oriented in parallel, which are beneficial for caging the bonds dangling from the basal planes. Owing to the unique T-type topological characteristics, chemically inert Ag@MoS2 nano-scrolls (NSCs) and nano-crystalline Ag (nc-Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) are in situ formed under the sliding shear force. Thus, incommensurate contact between (002) basal planes and nc-Ag NPs is observed. As a result, robust superlubricity (friction coefficient μ = 0.0039) under humid ambient conditions is reached. This study offers an unprecedented strategy for controlling the basal plane orientation of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) via substrate independence, using a one-step solution-free easily scalable process without the need for a template, which promotes the potential applications of 2D TMDCs in solid superlubricity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shi
- College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Runqiang Zhao
- College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Zaixiu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jinzhu Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China.
| | - Wenhe Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China.
| | - Chengbing Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China.
| | - Junyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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8
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Grützmacher PG, Cutini M, Marquis E, Rodríguez Ripoll M, Riedl H, Kutrowatz P, Bug S, Hsu CJ, Bernardi J, Gachot C, Erdemir A, Righi MC. Se Nanopowder Conversion into Lubricious 2D Selenide Layers by Tribochemical Reactions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302076. [PMID: 37247210 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) coatings have attracted enormous scientific and industrial interest due to their outstanding tribological behavior. The paradigmatic example is MoS2 , even though selenides and tellurides have demonstrated superior tribological properties. Here, an innovative in operando conversion of Se nanopowders into lubricious 2D selenides, by sprinkling them onto sliding metallic surfaces coated with Mo and W thin films, is described. Advanced material characterization confirms the tribochemical formation of a thin tribofilm containing selenides, reducing the coefficient of friction down to below 0.1 in ambient air, levels typically reached using fully formulated oils. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations under tribological conditions reveal the atomistic mechanisms that result in the shear-induced synthesis of selenide monolayers from nanopowders. The use of Se nanopowder provides thermal stability and prevents outgassing in vacuum environments. Additionally, the high reactivity of the Se nanopowder with the transition metal coating in the conditions prevailing in the contact interface yields highly reproducible results, making it particularly suitable for the replenishment of sliding components with solid lubricants, avoiding the long-lasting problem of TMD-lubricity degradation caused by environmental molecules. The suggested straightforward approach demonstrates an unconventional and smart way to synthesize TMDs in operando and exploit their friction- and wear-reducing impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp G Grützmacher
- Institute for Engineering Design and Product Development, Tribology Research Division, TU Wien, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| | - Michele Cutini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, 40127, Italy
| | - Edoardo Marquis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, 40127, Italy
| | | | - Helmut Riedl
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology, TU Wien, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| | - Philip Kutrowatz
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology, TU Wien, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| | - Stefan Bug
- Institute for Engineering Design and Product Development, Tribology Research Division, TU Wien, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| | - Chia-Jui Hsu
- Institute for Engineering Design and Product Development, Tribology Research Division, TU Wien, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| | - Johannes Bernardi
- University Service Centre for Transmission Electron Microscopy (USTEM), TU Wien, Vienna, 1040, Austria
| | - Carsten Gachot
- Institute for Engineering Design and Product Development, Tribology Research Division, TU Wien, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| | - Ali Erdemir
- J. Mike Walker '66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Maria Clelia Righi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, 40127, Italy
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9
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Zhang L, Chen W, Tan X, Jiao J, Guo D, Luo J. Nonmonotonic Effects of Atomic Vacancy Defects on Friction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:45455-45464. [PMID: 37722023 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The presence of defects such as vacancies has a significant impact on the frictional properties of 2D materials that are excellent solid lubricants. In this study, we demonstrate that the nonmonotonic effect of Te vacancy defects on the friction of MoTe2 is related to the change in the maximum sliding energy barrier due to the variation in tip position. The experimental results of atomic force microscopy suggest that the friction shows an overall increasing trend with the increase in Te vacancy density, but this variation is nonmonotonic. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the increase in friction force with defect density can be attributed to the large and more sliding energy barriers that the tip has to overcome. Furthermore, the nonmonotonic variation of friction with defect density is dominated by the change of the maximum sliding potential barrier caused by the variation of tip position perpendicular to the sliding direction during the sliding process. Additionally, the uneven charge distribution due to charge transfer occurring at the defect also contributes to the increase in friction. This work shows the mechanism of the effect of Te vacancy defects on the friction of MoTe2, which provides guidance for the modulation of the frictional properties of solid lubricants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Weibin Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xinfeng Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianguo Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianbin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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10
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Vasić B, Ralević U, Aškrabić S, Čapeta D, Kralj M. Correlation between morphology and local mechanical and electrical properties of van der Waals heterostructures. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:155707. [PMID: 34972096 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac475a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Properties of van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures strongly depend on the quality of the interface between two dimensional (2D) layers. Instead of having atomically flat, clean, and chemically inert interfaces without dangling bonds, top-down vdW heterostructures are associated with bubbles and intercalated layers (ILs) which trap contaminations appeared during fabrication process. We investigate their influence on local electrical and mechanical properties of MoS2/WS2heterostructures using atomic force microscopy (AFM) based methods. It is demonstrated that domains containing bubbles and ILs are locally softer, with increased friction and energy dissipation. Since they prevent sharp interfaces and efficient charge transfer between 2D layers, electrical current and contact potential difference are strongly decreased. In order to reestablish a close contact between MoS2and WS2layers, vdW heterostructures were locally flattened by scanning with AFM tip in contact mode or just locally pressed with an increased normal load. Subsequent electrical measurements reveal that the contact potential difference between two layers strongly increases due to enabled charge transfer, while localI/Vcurves exhibit increased conductivity without undesired potential barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borislav Vasić
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Uroš Ralević
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Aškrabić
- Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Davor Čapeta
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Institute of Physics, Bijenička 46, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Kralj
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Institute of Physics, Bijenička 46, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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11
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Ouyang W, Sofer R, Gao X, Hermann J, Tkatchenko A, Kronik L, Urbakh M, Hod O. Anisotropic Interlayer Force Field for Transition Metal Dichalcogenides: The Case of Molybdenum Disulfide. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:7237-7245. [PMID: 34719931 PMCID: PMC8592503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An anisotropic interlayer force field that describes the interlayer interactions in molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is presented. The force field is benchmarked against density functional theory calculations for both bilayer and bulk systems within the Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof hybrid density functional approximation, augmented by a nonlocal many-body dispersion treatment of long-range correlation. The parametrization yields good agreement with the reference calculations of binding energy curves and sliding potential energy surfaces for both bilayer and bulk configurations. Benchmark calculations for the phonon spectra of bulk MoS2 provide good agreement with experimental data, and the calculated bulk modulus falls in the lower part of experimentally measured values. This indicates the accuracy of the interlayer force field near equilibrium. Under external pressures up to 20 GPa, the developed force field provides a good description of compression curves. At higher pressures, deviations from experimental data grow, signifying the validity range of the developed force field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wengen Ouyang
- Department
of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Reut Sofer
- School
of Chemistry and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and
Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Xiang Gao
- School
of Chemistry and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and
Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Jan Hermann
- Machine
Learning Group, TU Berlin, Marchstr. 23, 10587 Berlin, Germany
- Department
of Mathematics, FU Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexandre Tkatchenko
- Department
of Physics and Materials Science, University
of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Leeor Kronik
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 76100, Israel
| | - Michael Urbakh
- School
of Chemistry and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and
Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Oded Hod
- School
of Chemistry and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and
Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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12
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Tong M, Jiang Y, Wang L, Wang C, Tang C. Frictional characteristics of graphene layers with embedded nanopores. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:345701. [PMID: 33975285 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac002b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Graphite possessing extraordinary frictional properties has been widely used as solid lubricants. Interesting frictional characteristics have been observed for pristine graphene layers, for defective graphene, the frictional signal shows richer behaviors such as those found in topological defective graphene and graphene step edges. Recently discovered nanoporous graphene represents a new category of defect in graphene and its impact on graphene frictional properties has not yet been explored. In this work, we perform molecular dynamics simulations on the frictional responses of nanoporous graphene layers when slid using a silicon tip. We show that the buried nanopore raises maximum friction signal amplitude while preserving the stick-slip character, the size of the nanopore plays a key role in determining the maximum frictional force. Negative friction is observed when the silicon tip scanned towards the center of the nanopore, this phenomenon originates from the asymmetrical variation of the in-plane strain and the out-of-plane deformation when indented by the silicon tip. Moreover, the layer dependent frictional character is examined for the buried graphene nanopores, showing that increasing graphene layers weakens the effect of nanopore on the frictional signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Tong
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Jiang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Liya Wang
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyuan Wang
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Tang
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
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