1
|
Ortiz-Rivero E, González-Gómez CD, Rica RA, Haro-González P. Effect of the Photoexcitation Wavelength and Polarization on the Generated Heat by a Nd-Doped Microspinner at the Microscale. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2308534. [PMID: 38573943 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Thermal control at small scales is critical for studying temperature-dependent biological systems and microfluidic processes. Concerning this, optical trapping provides a contactless method to remotely study microsized heating sources. This work introduces a birefringent luminescent microparticle of NaLuF4:Nd3+ as a local heater in a liquid system. When optically trapped with a circularly polarized laser beam, the microparticle rotates and heating is induced through multiphonon relaxation of the Nd3+ ions. The temperature increment in the surrounding medium is investigated, reaching a maximum heating of ≈5 °C within a 30 µm radius around the static particle under 51 mW laser excitation at 790 nm. Surprisingly, this study reveals that the particle's rotation minimally affects the temperature distribution, contrary to the intuitive expectation of liquid stirring. The influence of the microparticle rotation on the reduction of heating transfer is analyzed. Numerical simulations confirm that the thermal distribution remains consistent regardless of spinning. Instead, the orientation-dependence of the luminescence process emerges as a key factor responsible for the reduction in heating. The anisotropy in particle absorption and the lag between the orientation of the particle and the laser polarization angle contribute to this effect. Therefore, caution must be exercised when employing spinning polarization-dependent luminescent particles for microscale thermal analysis using rotation dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Ortiz-Rivero
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias & Instituto de materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Carlos D González-Gómez
- Nanoparticles Trapping Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Universidad de Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics II, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29071, Spain
| | - Raúl A Rica
- Nanoparticles Trapping Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Universidad de Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain
- Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat), Universidad de Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain
| | - Patricia Haro-González
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias & Instituto de materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Martinez LP, Mina Villarreal MC, Zaza C, Barella M, Acuna GP, Stefani FD, Violi IL, Gargiulo J. Thermometries for Single Nanoparticles Heated with Light. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1049-1064. [PMID: 38482790 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The development of efficient nanoscale photon absorbers, such as plasmonic or high-index dielectric nanostructures, allows the remotely controlled release of heat on the nanoscale using light. These photothermal nanomaterials have found applications in various research and technological fields, ranging from materials science to biology. However, measuring the nanoscale thermal fields remains an open challenge, hindering full comprehension and control of nanoscale photothermal phenomena. Here, we review and discuss existent thermometries suitable for single nanoparticles heated under illumination. These methods are classified in four categories according to the region where they assess temperature: (1) the average temperature within a diffraction-limited volume, (2) the average temperature at the immediate vicinity of the nanoparticle surface, (3) the temperature of the nanoparticle itself, and (4) a map of the temperature around the nanoparticle with nanoscale spatial resolution. In the latter, because it is the most challenging and informative type of method, we also envisage new combinations of technologies that could be helpful in retrieving nanoscale temperature maps. Finally, we analyze and provide examples of strategies to validate the results obtained using different thermometry methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana P Martinez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, C1425FQD Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Cristina Mina Villarreal
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Av. 25 de mayo 1069, B1650HML San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Zaza
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, 17-19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom
| | - Mariano Barella
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Guillermo P Acuna
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Fernando D Stefani
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, C1425FQD Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Güiraldes 2620, C1428EHA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ianina L Violi
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Av. 25 de mayo 1069, B1650HML San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julian Gargiulo
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Av. 25 de mayo 1069, B1650HML San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cui X, Mylnikov V, Johansson P, Käll M. Synchronization of optically self-assembled nanorotors. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn3485. [PMID: 38457509 PMCID: PMC10923511 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn3485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembly of nanoparticles by means of interparticle optical forces provides a compelling approach toward contact-free organization and manipulation of nanoscale entities. However, exploration of the rotational degrees of freedom in this process has remained limited, primarily because of the predominant focus on spherical nanoparticles, for which individual particle orientation cannot be determined. Here, we show that gold nanorods, which self-assemble in water under the influence of circularly polarized light, exhibit synchronized rotational motion at kilohertz frequencies. The synchronization is caused by strong optical interactions and occurs despite the presence of thermal diffusion. Our findings elucidate the intricate dynamics arising from the transfer of photon spin angular momentum to optically bound matter and hold promise for advancing the emerging field of light-driven nanomachinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ximin Cui
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Vasilii Mylnikov
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Peter Johansson
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zheng H, Zheng Y, Ouyang M, Fan H, Dai Q, Liu H, Wu L. Electromagnetically induced transparency enabled by quasi-bound states in the continuum modulated by epsilon-near-zero materials. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:7318-7331. [PMID: 38439415 DOI: 10.1364/oe.517111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Highly tunable electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) with high-quality-factor (Q-factor) excited by combining with the quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BIC) resonances is crucial for many applications. This paper describes all-dielectric metasurface composed of silicon cuboid etched with two rectangular holes into a unit cell and periodically arranged on a SiO2 substrate. By breaking the C2 rotational symmetry of the unit cell, a high-Q factor EIT and double quasi-BIC resonant modes are excited at 1224.3, 1251.9 and 1299.6 nm with quality factors of 7604, 10064 and 15503, respectively. We show that the EIT resonance is caused by destructive interference between magnetic dipole resonances and quasi-BIC dominated by electric quadrupole. Toroidal dipole (TD) and electric quadrupole (EQ) dominate the other two quasi-BICs. The EIT window can be successfully modulated with transmission intensity from 90% to 5% and modulation depths ranging from -17 to 24 dB at 1200-1250 nm by integrating the metasurface with an epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) material indium tin oxide (ITO) film. Our findings pave the way for the development of applications such as optical switches and modulators with many potential applications in nonlinear optics, filters, and multichannel biosensors.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Q, Yang S, Zhang L. Untethered Micro/Nanorobots for Remote Sensing: Toward Intelligent Platform. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 16:40. [PMID: 38032461 PMCID: PMC10689342 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01261-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Untethered micro/nanorobots that can wirelessly control their motion and deformation state have gained enormous interest in remote sensing applications due to their unique motion characteristics in various media and diverse functionalities. Researchers are developing micro/nanorobots as innovative tools to improve sensing performance and miniaturize sensing systems, enabling in situ detection of substances that traditional sensing methods struggle to achieve. Over the past decade of development, significant research progress has been made in designing sensing strategies based on micro/nanorobots, employing various coordinated control and sensing approaches. This review summarizes the latest developments on micro/nanorobots for remote sensing applications by utilizing the self-generated signals of the robots, robot behavior, microrobotic manipulation, and robot-environment interactions. Providing recent studies and relevant applications in remote sensing, we also discuss the challenges and future perspectives facing micro/nanorobots-based intelligent sensing platforms to achieve sensing in complex environments, translating lab research achievements into widespread real applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shihao Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China.
- Chow Yuk Ho Technology Centre for Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China.
- T Stone Robotics Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ding H, Kollipara PS, Yao K, Chang Y, Dickinson DJ, Zheng Y. Multimodal Optothermal Manipulations along Various Surfaces. ACS NANO 2023; 17:9280-9289. [PMID: 37017427 PMCID: PMC10391738 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Optical tweezers have provided tremendous opportunities for fundamental studies and applications in the life sciences, chemistry, and physics by offering contact-free manipulation of small objects. However, it requires sophisticated real-time imaging and feedback systems for conventional optical tweezers to achieve controlled motion of micro/nanoparticles along textured surfaces, which are required for such applications as high-resolution near-field characterizations of cell membranes with nanoparticles as probes. In addition, most optical tweezers systems are limited to single manipulation modes, restricting their broader applications. Herein, we develop an optothermal platform that enables the multimodal manipulation of micro/nanoparticles along various surfaces. Specifically, we achieve the manipulation of micro/nanoparticles through the synergy between the optical and thermal forces, which arise due to the temperature gradient self-generated by the particles absorbing the light. With a simple control of the laser beam, we achieve five switchable working modes [i.e., tweezing, rotating, rolling (toward), rolling (away), and shooting] for the versatile manipulation of both synthesized particles and biological cells along various substrates. More interestingly, we realize the manipulation of micro/nanoparticles on rough surfaces of live worms and their embryos for localized control of biological functions. By enabling the three-dimensional control of micro/nano-objects along various surfaces, including topologically uneven biological tissues, our multimodal optothermal platform will become a powerful tool in life sciences, nanotechnology, and colloidal sciences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongru Ding
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Pavana Siddhartha Kollipara
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Kan Yao
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Yiran Chang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Daniel J Dickinson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ussembayev YY, De Witte N, Liu X, Belmonte A, Bus T, Lubach S, Beunis F, Strubbe F, Schenning APHJ, Neyts K. Uni- and Bidirectional Rotation and Speed Control in Chiral Photonic Micromotors Powered by Light. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207095. [PMID: 36793159 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystalline polymers are attractive materials for untethered miniature soft robots. When they contain azo dyes, they acquire light-responsive actuation properties. However, the manipulation of such photoresponsive polymers at the micrometer scale remains largely unexplored. Here, uni- and bidirectional rotation and speed control of polymerized azo-containing chiral liquid crystalline photonic microparticles powered by light is reported. The rotation of these polymer particles is first studied in an optical trap experimentally and theoretically. The micro-sized polymer particles respond to the handedness of a circularly polarized trapping laser due to their chirality and exhibit uni- and bidirectional rotation depending on their alignment within the optical tweezers. The attained optical torque causes the particles to spin with a rotation rate of several hertz. The angular speed can be controlled by small structural changes, induced by ultraviolet (UV) light absorption. After switching off the UV illumination, the particle recovers its rotation speed. The results provide evidence of uni- and bidirectional motion and speed control in light-responsive polymer particles and offer a new way to devise light-controlled rotary microengines at the micrometer scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yera Ye Ussembayev
- LCP research group, Ghent University, Technologiepark 126, Gent, 9052, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 126, Gent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Noah De Witte
- LCP research group, Ghent University, Technologiepark 126, Gent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Alberto Belmonte
- Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Bus
- Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoukje Lubach
- Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Filip Beunis
- LCP research group, Ghent University, Technologiepark 126, Gent, 9052, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 126, Gent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Filip Strubbe
- LCP research group, Ghent University, Technologiepark 126, Gent, 9052, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 126, Gent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Albert P H J Schenning
- Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Kristiaan Neyts
- LCP research group, Ghent University, Technologiepark 126, Gent, 9052, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 126, Gent, 9052, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Da A, Chu Y, Krach J, Liu Y, Park Y, Lee SE. Optical Penetration of Shape-Controlled Metallic Nanosensors across Membrane Barriers. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:2824. [PMID: 36905027 PMCID: PMC10007193 DOI: 10.3390/s23052824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Precise nanostructure geometry that enables the optical biomolecular delivery of nanosensors to the living intracellular environment is highly desirable for precision biological and clinical therapies. However, the optical delivery through membrane barriers utilizing nanosensors remains difficult due to a lack of design guidelines to avoid inherent conflict between optical force and photothermal heat generation in metallic nanosensors during the process. Here, we present a numerical study reporting significantly enhanced optical penetration of nanosensors by engineering nanostructure geometry with minimized photothermal heating generation for penetrating across membrane barriers. We show that by varying the nanosensor geometry, penetration depths can be maximized while heat generated during the penetration process can be minimized. We demonstrate the effect of lateral stress induced by an angularly rotating nanosensor on a membrane barrier by theoretical analysis. Furthermore, we show that by varying the nanosensor geometry, maximized local stress fields at the nanoparticle-membrane interface enhanced the optical penetration process by four-fold. Owing to the high efficiency and stability, we anticipate that precise optical penetration of nanosensors to specific intracellular locations will be beneficial for biological and therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ancheng Da
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, Applied Physics, Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yanan Chu
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, Applied Physics, Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jacob Krach
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, Applied Physics, Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yunbo Liu
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, Applied Physics, Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Younggeun Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Somin Eunice Lee
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, Applied Physics, Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fusi AD, Li Y, Llopis-Lorente A, Patiño T, van Hest JCM, Abdelmohsen LKEA. Achieving Control in Micro-/Nanomotor Mobility. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214754. [PMID: 36413146 PMCID: PMC10107182 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Unprecedented opportunities exist for the generation of advanced nanotechnologies based on synthetic micro/nanomotors (MNMs), such as active transport of medical agents or the removal of pollutants. In this regard, great efforts have been dedicated toward controlling MNM motion (e.g., speed, directionality). This was generally performed by precise engineering and optimizing of the motors' chassis, engine, powering mode (i.e., chemical or physical), and mechanism of motion. Recently, new insights have emerged to control motors mobility, mainly by the inclusion of different modes that drive propulsion. With high degree of synchronization, these modes work providing the required level of control. In this Minireview, we discuss the diverse factors that impact motion; these include MNM morphology, modes of mobility, and how control over motion was achieved. Moreover, we highlight the main limitations that need to be overcome so that such motion control can be translated into real applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Fusi
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Het Kranenveld 14, 5612, AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Yudong Li
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Het Kranenveld 14, 5612, AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - A Llopis-Lorente
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Het Kranenveld 14, 5612, AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Molecular Recognition and Technological Development (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Tania Patiño
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Het Kranenveld 14, 5612, AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jan C M van Hest
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Het Kranenveld 14, 5612, AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Loai K E A Abdelmohsen
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Het Kranenveld 14, 5612, AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Feng L, Ma J, Lu W, Chen H, Zheng H. Anomalously enhanced transverse optical torque on a dipolar plasmonic nanoparticle in two-wave interference. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:6241-6244. [PMID: 37219217 DOI: 10.1364/ol.476994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Based on the multipole expansion theory, we show that a transverse optical torque acting on a dipolar plasmonic spherical nanoparticle can be anomalously enhanced in two plane waves with linear polarization. Compared with a homogeneous Au nanoparticle, the transverse optical torque acting on an Au-Ag core-shell nanoparticle with an ultra-thin shell thickness can be dramatically enhanced by more than two orders of magnitude. Such enhanced transverse optical torque is dominated by the interaction between the incident optical field and the electric quadrupole excited in the dipolar core-shell nanoparticle. It is thus noted that the torque expression based on the dipole approximation usually used for dipolar particles is not available even in our dipolar case. These findings deepen the physical understanding of the optical torque (OT) and may have applications in optically driven rotation of plasmonic microparticles.
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhou LM, Shi Y, Zhu X, Hu G, Cao G, Hu J, Qiu CW. Recent Progress on Optical Micro/Nanomanipulations: Structured Forces, Structured Particles, and Synergetic Applications. ACS NANO 2022; 16:13264-13278. [PMID: 36053722 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Optical manipulation has achieved great success in the fields of biology, micro/nano robotics and physical sciences in the past few decades. To date, the optical manipulation is still witnessing substantial progress powered by the growing accessibility of the complex light field, advanced nanofabrication and developed understandings of light-matter interactions. In this perspective, we highlight recent advancements of optical micro/nanomanipulations in cutting-edge applications, which can be fostered by structured optical forces enabled with diverse auxiliary multiphysical field/forces and structured particles. We conclude with our vision of ongoing and futuristic directions, including heat-avoided and heat-utilized manipulation, nonlinearity-mediated trapping and manipulation, metasurface/two-dimensional material based optical manipulation, as well as interface-based optical manipulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Ming Zhou
- Department of Optical Engineering, School of Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yuzhi Shi
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- Department of Optical Engineering, School of Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Guangwei Hu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Guangtao Cao
- School of Physics and Electronic Sciences, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jigang Hu
- Department of Optical Engineering, School of Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li Y, Li P, Zhang M, Wang D, Yang L, Guan Z, Li Z. Correlations between incident and emission polarization in nanowire-particle coupled junctions. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:29206-29215. [PMID: 36299100 DOI: 10.1364/oe.466207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanostructures with subwavelength confinement are of great importance for the development of integrated nanophotonic circuits and devices. Here, we experimentally investigate how the polarization of the emitted light from nanowire-particle junction relies on the incident polarization. We demonstrate that the correlations can be effectively modulated by the particle position relative to the wire. By varying the wire-particle gap with only several nanometers, the nanowire-particle junction can be changed from polarization maintainer to rotator. Then, by moving the particle along the wire within half of the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) beat, the polarization behaviors can be tuned from positive to negative correlation. The mechanism can be well understood by the hybridization of wire-particle coupled mode and propagating SPP modes, which is verified by finite-difference time-domain simulations. These findings would provide a new degree of freedom for manipulating light polarization at the nanometer scale and additional flexibility for constructing nanophotonic devices.
Collapse
|
13
|
Ding H, Chen Z, Kollipara PS, Liu Y, Kim Y, Huang S, Zheng Y. Programmable Multimodal Optothermal Manipulation of Synthetic Particles and Biological Cells. ACS NANO 2022; 16:10878-10889. [PMID: 35816157 PMCID: PMC9901196 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c03111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Optical manipulation of tiny objects has benefited many research areas ranging from physics to biology to micro/nanorobotics. However, limited manipulation modes, intense lasers with complex optics, and applicability to limited materials and geometries of objects restrict the broader uses of conventional optical tweezers. Herein, we develop an optothermal platform that enables the versatile manipulation of synthetic micro/nanoparticles and live cells using an ultralow-power laser beam and a simple optical setup. Five working modes (i.e., printing, tweezing, rotating, rolling, and shooting) have been achieved and can be switched on demand through computer programming. By incorporating a feedback control system into the platform, we realize programmable multimodal control of micro/nanoparticles, enabling autonomous micro/nanorobots in complex environments. Moreover, we demonstrate in situ three-dimensional single-cell surface characterizations through the multimodal optothermal manipulation of live cells. This programmable multimodal optothermal platform will contribute to diverse fundamental studies and applications in cellular biology, nanotechnology, robotics, and photonics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongru Ding
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zhihan Chen
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Pavana Siddhartha Kollipara
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Yaoran Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Youngsun Kim
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Suichu Huang
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing of Ministry of Education and School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhijie St., Harbin 15001, China
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li J, Kollipara PS, Liu Y, Yao K, Liu Y, Zheng Y. Opto-Thermocapillary Nanomotors on Solid Substrates. ACS NANO 2022; 16:8820-8826. [PMID: 35594375 PMCID: PMC9949610 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Motors that can convert different forms of energy into mechanical work are of profound importance to the development of human societies. The evolution of micromotors has stimulated many advances in drug delivery and microrobotics for futuristic applications in biomedical engineering and nanotechnology. However, further miniaturization of motors toward the nanoscale is still challenging because of the strong Brownian motion of nanomotors in liquid environments. Here, we develop light-driven opto-thermocapillary nanomotors (OTNM) operated on solid substrates where the interference of Brownian motion is effectively suppressed. Specifically, by optically controlling particle-substrate interactions and thermocapillary actuation, we demonstrate the robust orbital rotation of 80 nm gold nanoparticles around a laser beam on a solid substrate. With on-chip operation capability in an ambient environment, our OTNM can serve as light-driven engines to power functional devices at the nanoscale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingang Li
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Pavana Siddhartha Kollipara
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Ya Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Kan Yao
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Yaoran Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ding H, Kollipara PS, Kim Y, Kotnala A, Li J, Chen Z, Zheng Y. Universal optothermal micro/nanoscale rotors. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn8498. [PMID: 35704582 PMCID: PMC9200276 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn8498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Rotation of micro/nano-objects is important for micro/nanorobotics, three-dimensional imaging, and lab-on-a-chip systems. Optical rotation techniques are especially attractive because of their fuel-free and remote operation. However, current techniques require laser beams with designed intensity profile and polarization or objects with sophisticated shapes or optical birefringence. These requirements make it challenging to use simple optical setups for light-driven rotation of many highly symmetric or isotropic objects, including biological cells. Here, we report a universal approach to the out-of-plane rotation of various objects, including spherically symmetric and isotropic particles, using an arbitrary low-power laser beam. Moreover, the laser beam is positioned away from the objects to reduce optical damage from direct illumination. The rotation mechanism based on opto-thermoelectrical coupling is elucidated by rigorous experiments combined with multiscale simulations. With its general applicability and excellent biocompatibility, our universal light-driven rotation platform is instrumental for various scientific research and engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongru Ding
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | | | - Youngsun Kim
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Abhay Kotnala
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Jingang Li
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Zhihan Chen
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yuan S, Zheng Q, Yao B, Wen M, Zhang W, Yuan J, Lei H. Bio-compatible miniature viscosity sensor based on optical tweezers. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:1152-1160. [PMID: 35414967 PMCID: PMC8973159 DOI: 10.1364/boe.452615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Viscosity is a fundamental biomechanical parameter related to the function and pathological status of cells and tissues. Viscosity sensing is of vital importance in early biomedical diagnosis and health monitoring. To date, there have been few methods of miniature viscosity sensing with high safety, flexible controllability, and excellent biocompatibility. Here, an indirect optical method combining the significant advantages of both optical tweezers and microflows has been presented in this paper to construct a cellular micromotor-based viscosity sensor. Optical tweezers are used to drive a yeast cell or biocompatible SiO2 particle to rotate along a circular orbit and thus generate a microvortex. Another target yeast cell in the vortex center can be controllably rotated under the action of viscous stress to form a cellular micromotor. As the ambient viscosity increases, the rotation rate of the micromotor is reduced, and thus viscosity sensing is realized by measuring the relationship between the two parameters. The proposed synthetic material-free and fuel-free method is safer, more flexible, and biocompatible, which makes the cellular micromotor-based viscosity sensor a potential detector of the function and pathological status of cells and tissues in vivo without introducing any exogenous cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shun Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Qing Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Benjun Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Mingcong Wen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Weina Zhang
- School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Information Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- School of Medical Informatics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Hongxiang Lei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xu Y, Bian Q, Wang R, Gao J. Micro/nanorobots for precise drug delivery via targeted transport and triggered release: a review. Int J Pharm 2022; 616:121551. [PMID: 35131352 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Micro/nanorobots that can effectively convert diverse energy sources into movement can revolutionize the field of pharmaceutical, particularly targeted drug delivery. By targeted transport and triggered release, drug can be delivered to targeted tissues or body sites. Targeted transport is discussed with different actuation energy sources including self-propelled (H2O2 and enzymes), external field-propelled (light, electrical, acoustics and magnetic field) and motile microorganism-propelled (bacterium, sperm, and contractile and immune cells) types. Triggered release systems including physiological environment, external fields and other mechanisms categories are also discussed here for the first time. With different transport and triggered release systems, micro/nanorobots achieved the goal of precise delivery of therapeutics. This review may provide a different perspective or referable guidance for the future development of more flexible targeted delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Xu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiong Bian
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruxuan Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianqing Gao
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zheng J, Cheng X, Zhang H, Bai X, Ai R, Shao L, Wang J. Gold Nanorods: The Most Versatile Plasmonic Nanoparticles. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13342-13453. [PMID: 34569789 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanorods (NRs), pseudo-one-dimensional rod-shaped nanoparticles (NPs), have become one of the burgeoning materials in the recent years due to their anisotropic shape and adjustable plasmonic properties. With the continuous improvement in synthetic methods, a variety of materials have been attached around Au NRs to achieve unexpected or improved plasmonic properties and explore state-of-the-art technologies. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the latest progress on Au NRs, the most versatile anisotropic plasmonic NPs. We present a representative overview of the advances in the synthetic strategies and outline an extensive catalogue of Au-NR-based heterostructures with tailored architectures and special functionalities. The bottom-up assembly of Au NRs into preprogrammed metastructures is then discussed, as well as the design principles. We also provide a systematic elucidation of the different plasmonic properties associated with the Au-NR-based structures, followed by a discussion of the promising applications of Au NRs in various fields. We finally discuss the future research directions and challenges of Au NRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiapeng Zheng
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Xizhe Cheng
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Xiaopeng Bai
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Ruoqi Ai
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Lei Shao
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Arnold JA, Kalume A, Wang C, Videen G, Pan YL. Active, controlled circular, and spin-rotational movement of optically trapped airborne micro-particles. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:5332-5335. [PMID: 34724468 DOI: 10.1364/ol.443506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel method for actively controlling circular and/or spin-rotational motion of an optically trapped airborne micro-particle. A 532-nm Gaussian laser beam is shaped into an elliptical ring by a pair of axicons and a cylindrical lens. The shaped beam is then focused into an elliptic cone that produces an optical trap. As the cylindrical lens is rotated, a torque is exerted on the trapped particle, resulting in circular or spin-rotational motion. We show examples of the circular-rotational movement as a function of laser power and the rotation rate of the cylindrical lens.
Collapse
|
20
|
Joh H, Fan DE. Materials and Schemes of Multimodal Reconfigurable Micro/Nanomachines and Robots: Review and Perspective. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2101965. [PMID: 34410023 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mechanically programmable, reconfigurable micro/nanoscale materials that can dynamically change their mechanical properties or behaviors, or morph into distinct assemblies or swarms in response to stimuli have greatly piqued the interest of the science community due to their unprecedented potentials in both fundamental research and technological applications. To date, a variety of designs of hard and soft materials, as well as actuation schemes based on mechanisms including chemical reactions and magnetic, acoustic, optical, and electric stimuli, have been reported. Herein, state-of-the-art micro/nanostructures and operation schemes for multimodal reconfigurable micro/nanomachines and swarms, as well as potential new materials and working principles, challenges, and future perspectives are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyungmok Joh
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Donglei Emma Fan
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fordey T, Bouchal P, Schovánek P, Baránek M, Bouchal Z, Dvořák P, Hrtoň M, Rovenská K, Ligmajer F, Chmelík R, Šikola T. Single-Shot Three-Dimensional Orientation Imaging of Nanorods Using Spin to Orbital Angular Momentum Conversion. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:7244-7251. [PMID: 34433259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The key information about any nanoscale system relates to the orientations and conformations of its parts. Unfortunately, these details are often hidden below the diffraction limit, and elaborate techniques must be used to optically probe them. Here we present imaging of the 3D rotation motion of metal nanorods, restoring the distinct nanorod orientations in the full extent of azimuthal and polar angles. The nanorods imprint their 3D orientation onto the geometric phase and space-variant polarization of the light they scatter. We manipulate the light angular momentum and generate optical vortices that create self-interference images providing the nanorods' angles via digital processing. After calibration by scanning electron microscopy, we demonstrated time-resolved 3D orientation imaging of sub-100 nm nanorods under Brownian motion (frame rate up to 500 fps). We also succeeded in imaging nanorods as nanoprobes in live-cell imaging and reconstructed their 3D rotational movement during interaction with the cell membrane (100 fps).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Fordey
- Department of Optics, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bouchal
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Schovánek
- Department of Optics, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Baránek
- Department of Optics, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Bouchal
- Department of Optics, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Dvořák
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hrtoň
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katarína Rovenská
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Ligmajer
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Chmelík
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Šikola
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fujiwara H, Sudo K, Sunaba Y, Pin C, Ishida S, Sasaki K. Spin-Orbit Angular-Momentum Transfer from a Nanogap Surface Plasmon to a Trapped Nanodiamond. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:6268-6273. [PMID: 34270262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The ability to control the motion of single nanoparticles or molecules is currently one of the major scientific and technological challenges. Despite tremendous progress in the field of plasmonic nanotweezers, controlled nanoscale manipulation of nanoparticles trapped by a plasmonic nanogap antenna has not been reported yet. Here, we demonstrate the controlled orbital rotation of a single fluorescent nanodiamond trapped by a gold trimer nanoantenna irradiated by a rotating linearly polarized light or circularly polarized light. Remarkably, the rotation direction is opposite to the light's polarization rotation. We numerically show that this inversion comes from sequential excitation of individual nanotriangles in the reverse order when the linear polarization is rotated, whereas using a circular polarization, light-nanoparticle angular momentum transfer occurs via the generation of a Poynting vector vortex of reversed handedness. This work provides a new path for the control of light-matter angular momentum transfer using plasmonic nanogap antennas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Fujiwara
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkai-Gakuen University, 1-1, W11S26, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 064-0926, Japan
| | - Kota Sudo
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Yuji Sunaba
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Christophe Pin
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Shutaro Ishida
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Keiji Sasaki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
He H, Wu C, Bi C, Song Y, Wang D, Xia H. Synthesis of Uniform Gold Nanorods with Large Width to Realize Ultralow SERS Detection. Chemistry 2021; 27:7549-7560. [PMID: 33769618 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we successfully demonstrate high-yield synthesis of high-quality gold nanorods (Au NRs) with width ranging from 6.5 nm to 175 nm by introducing heptanol molecules as secondary templating agents during cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-templated, seeded growth method. The results show that an appropriate concentration of heptanol molecules not only alter the micellization behavior of CTAB in water, but also help silver ions impact the symmetry-breaking efficiency of additional Au-NP seeds in addition to enhancing the utilization of gold precursors. Moreover, the generality and versatility of the present strategy for synthesis of Au NRs with flexible controlled dimensions are further demonstrated by successful synthesis of Au NRs with the assistance of other fatty alcohols with properly long alkyl chains. Furthermore, when arrays of vertically aligned Au NRs with large width (AVA-Au120×90 NRs) are used as SERS substrates, they can achieve the ultralow limit of detection for crystal violet (10-16 M) with good reliability and reproducibility, and the rapid detection and identification of residual harmful substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongpeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Chenshuo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Cuixia Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yahui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Dayang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Haibing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu Y, Zhang Z, Park Y, Lee SE. Ultraprecision Imaging and Manipulation of Plasmonic Nanostructures by Integrated Nanoscopic Correction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007610. [PMID: 33856109 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Optical manipulation and imaging of nano-objects with nanometer precision is highly desirable for nanomaterial and biological studies due to inherent noninvasiveness. However, time constraints and current segregated experimental systems for nanoimaging and nanomanipulation limits real-time super-resolution imaging with spatially enhanced manipulation. Here, an integrated nanoscopic correction (iNC) method to enable multimodal nanomanipulation-nanoimaging is reported. The iNC consists of a multimodal voltage-tunable power modulator, polarization rotator, and polarizer. Using the iNC, plasmonic nano-objects which are below the diffraction limit and which can be distinguished by direct observation without post processing are demonstrated. Furthermore, such direct observations with enhanced nanometer spatial stability and millisecond high speed are shown. Precise trapping and rapid rotation of gold nanorods with the iNC are demonstrated successfully. With non-invasive post-processing free nanoimaging and nanomanipulation, it is anticipated that the iNC will make contributions in the nanomaterial and biological sciences requiring precision optics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunbo Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Zhijia Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Younggeun Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Somin Eunice Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, Applied Physics, Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Schmidt F, Šípová-Jungová H, Käll M, Würger A, Volpe G. Non-equilibrium properties of an active nanoparticle in a harmonic potential. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1902. [PMID: 33772007 PMCID: PMC7998004 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Active particles break out of thermodynamic equilibrium thanks to their directed motion, which leads to complex and interesting behaviors in the presence of confining potentials. When dealing with active nanoparticles, however, the overwhelming presence of rotational diffusion hinders directed motion, leading to an increase of their effective temperature, but otherwise masking the effects of self-propulsion. Here, we demonstrate an experimental system where an active nanoparticle immersed in a critical solution and held in an optical harmonic potential features far-from-equilibrium behavior beyond an increase of its effective temperature. When increasing the laser power, we observe a cross-over from a Boltzmann distribution to a non-equilibrium state, where the particle performs fast orbital rotations about the beam axis. These findings are rationalized by solving the Fokker-Planck equation for the particle's position and orientation in terms of a moment expansion. The proposed self-propulsion mechanism results from the particle's non-sphericity and the lower critical point of the solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Falko Schmidt
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, SE-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hana Šípová-Jungová
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alois Würger
- Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine, Université de Bordeaux & CNRS, F-33405, Talence, France.
| | - Giovanni Volpe
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, SE-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
The field of single nanoparticle plasmonics has grown enormously. There is no doubt that a wide diversity of the nanoplasmonic techniques and nanostructures represents a tremendous opportunity for fundamental biomedical studies as well as sensing and imaging applications. Single nanoparticle plasmonic biosensors are efficient in label-free single-molecule detection, as well as in monitoring real-time binding events of even several biomolecules. In the present review, we have discussed the prominent advantages and advances in single particle characterization and synthesis as well as new insight into and information on biomedical diagnosis uniquely obtained using single particle approaches. The approaches include the fundamental studies of nanoplasmonic behavior, two typical methods based on refractive index change and characteristic light intensity change, exciting innovations of synthetic strategies for new plasmonic nanostructures, and practical applications using single particle sensing, imaging, and tracking. The basic sphere and rod nanostructures are the focus of extensive investigations in biomedicine, while they can be programmed into algorithmic assemblies for novel plasmonic diagnosis. Design of single nanoparticles for the detection of single biomolecules will have far-reaching consequences in biomedical diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyi Ma
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Sang Jun Sim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Optimized anti-reflection core-shell microspheres for enhanced optical trapping by structured light beams. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4996. [PMID: 33654263 PMCID: PMC7925665 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84665-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we study the optical trapping of anti-reflection core-shell microspheres by regular Gaussian beam and several structured beams including radially polarized Gaussian, petal, and hard-aperture-truncated circular Airy beams. We show that using an appropriate anti-reflection core-shell microsphere for the optical trapping by several structured light beams can dramatically enhance the strength of the trap compared to the trapping by the common Gaussian beam. The optimal core-shell thickness ratio that minimizes the scattering force is obtained for polystyrene-silica and anatase-amorphous titania microspheres, such that the core-shells act as anti-reflection coated microspheres. We show that the trapping strength of the anti-reflection coated microparticles trapped by the common Gaussian beam is enhanced up to 2-fold compared to that of trapped uncoated microparticles, while the trapping of anti-reflection coated microparticles, by the radially polarized beam, is strengthened up to 4-fold in comparison to that of the trapped uncoated microparticles by the Gaussian beam. Our results indicate that for anatase-amorphous titania microparticles highest trap strength is obtained by radially polarized beam, while for the polystyrene-silica microparticles, the strongest trapping is achieved by the petal beam.
Collapse
|
28
|
Nguyen KT, Go G, Jin Z, Darmawan BA, Yoo A, Kim S, Nan M, Lee SB, Kang B, Kim C, Li H, Bang D, Park J, Choi E. A Magnetically Guided Self-Rolled Microrobot for Targeted Drug Delivery, Real-Time X-Ray Imaging, and Microrobot Retrieval. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001681. [PMID: 33506630 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Targeted drug delivery using a microrobot is a promising technique capable of overcoming the limitations of conventional chemotherapy that relies on body circulation. However, most studies of microrobots used for drug delivery have only demonstrated simple mobility rather than precise targeting methods and prove the possibility of biodegradation of implanted microrobots after drug delivery. In this study, magnetically guided self-rolled microrobot that enables autonomous navigation-based targeted drug delivery, real-time X-ray imaging, and microrobot retrieval is proposed. The microrobot, composed of a self-rolled body that is printed using focused light and a surface with magnetic nanoparticles attached, demonstrates the loading of doxorubicin and an X-ray contrast agent for cancer therapy and X-ray imaging. The microrobot is precisely mobilized to the lesion site through automated targeting using magnetic field control of an electromagnetic actuation system under real-time X-ray imaging. The photothermal effect using near-infrared light reveals rapid drug release of the microrobot located at the lesion site. After drug delivery, the microrobot is recovered without potential toxicity by implantation or degradation using a magnetic-field-switchable coiled catheter. This microrobotic approach using automated control method of the therapeutic agents-loaded microrobot has potential use in precise localized drug delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim Tien Nguyen
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics 43‐26, Cheomdangwagi‐ro 208‐beon‐gil, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61011 South Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University 77 Yongbong‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61186 South Korea
| | - Gwangjun Go
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics 43‐26, Cheomdangwagi‐ro 208‐beon‐gil, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61011 South Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University 77 Yongbong‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61186 South Korea
| | - Zhen Jin
- School of Biomedical Engineering Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang Henan 453003 China
| | - Bobby Aditya Darmawan
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics 43‐26, Cheomdangwagi‐ro 208‐beon‐gil, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61011 South Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University 77 Yongbong‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61186 South Korea
| | - Ami Yoo
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics 43‐26, Cheomdangwagi‐ro 208‐beon‐gil, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61011 South Korea
| | - Seokjae Kim
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics 43‐26, Cheomdangwagi‐ro 208‐beon‐gil, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61011 South Korea
| | - Minghui Nan
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics 43‐26, Cheomdangwagi‐ro 208‐beon‐gil, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61011 South Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University 77 Yongbong‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61186 South Korea
| | - Sang Bong Lee
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics 43‐26, Cheomdangwagi‐ro 208‐beon‐gil, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61011 South Korea
| | - Byungjeon Kang
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics 43‐26, Cheomdangwagi‐ro 208‐beon‐gil, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61011 South Korea
- College of AI convergence Chonnam National University 77 Yongbong‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61186 South Korea
| | - Chang‐Sei Kim
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics 43‐26, Cheomdangwagi‐ro 208‐beon‐gil, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61011 South Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University 77 Yongbong‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61186 South Korea
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Yanbian University Yanji 133002 China
| | - Doyeon Bang
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics 43‐26, Cheomdangwagi‐ro 208‐beon‐gil, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61011 South Korea
- College of AI convergence Chonnam National University 77 Yongbong‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61186 South Korea
| | - Jong‐Oh Park
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics 43‐26, Cheomdangwagi‐ro 208‐beon‐gil, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61011 South Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University 77 Yongbong‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61186 South Korea
| | - Eunpyo Choi
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics 43‐26, Cheomdangwagi‐ro 208‐beon‐gil, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61011 South Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University 77 Yongbong‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61186 South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Tang Y, Ha S, Begou T, Lumeau J, Urbach HP, Dekker NH, Adam AJ. Versatile Multilayer Metamaterial Nanoparticles with Tailored Optical Constants for Force and Torque Transduction. ACS NANO 2020; 14:14895-14906. [PMID: 33170655 PMCID: PMC7690042 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The ability to apply force and torque directly to micro- and nanoscale particles in optical traps has a wide range of applications. While full control of both force and torque in three dimensions has been realized using top-down fabrication of rod-shaped particles composed of birefringent crystalline materials, widespread usage of such particles is limited as the optical constants of the predominant birefringent materials (quartz SiO2 and rutile TiO2) preclude coverage of the full application space of optical trapping. Here, we show that multilayer metamaterial nanoparticles provide access to a wide range of optical constants that can be specifically tuned for each application. Selecting the material pair Nb2O5/SiO2 from the library of amorphous dielectrics as our metamaterial, we show that its refractive index and birefringence can be designed by adapting the ratio of layer thicknesses. Using a robust top-down fabrication process, we show that uniformly sized, free-floating Nb2O5/SiO2 particles with high birefringence at moderate refractive index are obtained at high yield. Using an optical torque wrench, we show that these particles function as joint force and torque transducers while maintaining excellent stability in aqueous solutions and can be controllably optimized for particular physical characteristics such as maximal torque transfer or rapid response time. We expect that such customizable birefringent metamaterial nanoparticles whose properties surpass those of conventional crystalline particles will provide a means to unleash the full potential of optical trapping applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tang
- Optics Research
Group, Department of Imaging Physics, Delft
University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Seungkyu Ha
- Department
of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Begou
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale
Marseille, Institut Fresnel, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Julien Lumeau
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale
Marseille, Institut Fresnel, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - H. Paul Urbach
- Optics Research
Group, Department of Imaging Physics, Delft
University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Nynke H. Dekker
- Department
of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Aurèle J.
L. Adam
- Optics Research
Group, Department of Imaging Physics, Delft
University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tanaka YY, Albella P, Rahmani M, Giannini V, Maier SA, Shimura T. Plasmonic linear nanomotor using lateral optical forces. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/45/eabc3726. [PMID: 33148646 PMCID: PMC7673677 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc3726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Optical force is a powerful tool to actuate micromachines. Conventional approaches often require focusing and steering an incident laser beam, resulting in a bottleneck for the integration of the optically actuated machines. Here, we propose a linear nanomotor based on a plasmonic particle that generates, even when illuminated with a plane wave, a lateral optical force due to its directional side scattering. This force direction is determined by the orientation of the nanoparticle rather than a field gradient or propagation direction of the incident light. We demonstrate the arrangements of the particles allow controlling the lateral force distributions with the resolution beyond the diffraction limit, which can produce movements, as designed, of microobjects in which they are embedded without shaping and steering the laser beam. Our nanomotor to engineer the experienced force can open the door to a new class of micro/nanomechanical devices that can be entirely operated by light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshito Y Tanaka
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Pablo Albella
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Mohsen Rahmani
- Advanced Optics and Photonics Laboratory, Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Vincenzo Giannini
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia (IEM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC), Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefan A Maier
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitut München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539 München, Germany
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Tsutomu Shimura
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Karpinski P, Jones S, Šípová-Jungová H, Verre R, Käll M. Optical Rotation and Thermometry of Laser Tweezed Silicon Nanorods. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:6494-6501. [PMID: 32787173 PMCID: PMC7496737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Optical rotation of laser tweezed nanoparticles offers a convenient means for optical to mechanical force transduction and sensing at the nanoscale. Plasmonic nanoparticles are the benchmark system for such studies, but their rapid rotation comes at the price of high photoinduced heating due to Ohmic losses. We show that Mie resonant silicon nanorods with characteristic dimensions of ∼220 × 120 nm2 can be optically trapped and rotated at frequencies up to 2 kHz in water using circularly polarized laser light. The temperature excess due to heating from the trapping laser was estimated by phonon Raman scattering and particle rotation analysis. We find that the silicon nanorods exhibit slightly improved thermal characteristics compared to Au nanorods with similar rotation performance and optical resonance anisotropy. Altogether, the results indicate that silicon nanoparticles have the potential to become the system of choice for a wide range of optomechanical applications at the nanoscale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Karpinski
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Chemistry
Department, Wroclaw University of Science
and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Steven Jones
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hana Šípová-Jungová
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ruggero Verre
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tezel G, Timur SS, Kuralay F, Gürsoy RN, Ulubayram K, Öner L, Eroğlu H. Current status of micro/nanomotors in drug delivery. J Drug Target 2020; 29:29-45. [PMID: 32672079 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2020.1797052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic micro/nanomotors (MNMs) are novel, self-propelled nano or microscale devices that are widely used in drug transport, cell stimulation and isolation, bio-imaging, diagnostic and monitoring, sensing, photocatalysis and environmental remediation. Various preparation methods and propulsion mechanisms make MNMs "tailormade" nanosystems for the intended purpose or use. As the one of the newest members of nano carriers, MNMs open a new perspective especially for rapid drug transport and gene delivery. Although there exists limited number of in-vivo studies for drug delivery purposes, existence of in-vitro supportive data strongly encourages researchers to move on in this field and benefit from the manoeuvre capability of these novel systems. In this article, we reviewed the preparation and propulsion mechanisms of nanomotors in various fields with special attention to drug delivery systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Tezel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selin Seda Timur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Filiz Kuralay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - R Neslihan Gürsoy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kezban Ulubayram
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Levent Öner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hakan Eroğlu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
|
34
|
Jiang S, Kaltbeitzel A, Hu M, Suraeva O, Crespy D, Landfester K. One-Step Preparation of Fuel-Containing Anisotropic Nanocapsules with Stimuli-Regulated Propulsion. ACS NANO 2020; 14:498-508. [PMID: 31887001 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b06408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
One of the dreams of nanotechnology is to create tiny objects, nanobots, that are able to perform difficult tasks in dimensions and locations that are not directly accessible. One basic function of these nanobots is motility. Movements created by self-propelled micro- and nanovehicles are usually dependent on the production of propellants from catalytic reactions of fuels present in the environment. Developing self-powered nanovehicles with internally stored fuels that display motion regulated by external stimuli represents an intriguing and challenging alternative. Herein, a one-step preparation of fuel-containing nanovehicles that feature a motion that can be regulated by external stimuli is reported. Nanovehicles are prepared via a sol-gel process confined at the oil/water interface of miniemulsions. The nanovehicles display shapes ranging from mushroom-like to truncated cones and a core-shell structure so that the silica shell acts as a hull for the nanovehicles while the core is used to store the fuel. Azo-based initiators are loaded in the nanovehicles, which are activated to release nitrogen gas upon increase of temperature or exposure to UV light. Enhanced diffusion of nanovehicles is achieved upon decomposition of the fuel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Jiang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
- Max Planck-VISTEC Partner Laboratory for Sustainable Materials , Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC) , Rayong 21210 , Thailand
| | - Anke Kaltbeitzel
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Minghan Hu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Oksana Suraeva
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Daniel Crespy
- Max Planck-VISTEC Partner Laboratory for Sustainable Materials , Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC) , Rayong 21210 , Thailand
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering , Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC) , Rayong 21210 , Thailand
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Šípová-Jungová H, Andrén D, Jones S, Käll M. Nanoscale Inorganic Motors Driven by Light: Principles, Realizations, and Opportunities. Chem Rev 2019; 120:269-287. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Šípová-Jungová
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Andrén
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Steven Jones
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Jin Z, Nguyen KT, Go G, Kang B, Min HK, Kim SJ, Kim Y, Li H, Kim CS, Lee S, Park S, Kim KP, Huh KM, Song J, Park JO, Choi E. Multifunctional Nanorobot System for Active Therapeutic Delivery and Synergistic Chemo-photothermal Therapy. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:8550-8564. [PMID: 31694378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanorobots are safe and exhibit powerful functionalities, including delivery, therapy, and diagnosis. Therefore, they are in high demand for the development of new cancer therapies. Although many studies have contributed to the progressive development of the nanorobot system for anticancer drug delivery, these systems still face some critical limitations, such as potentially toxic materials in the nanorobots, unreasonable sizes for passive targeting, and the lack of several essential functions of the nanorobot for anticancer drug delivery including sensing, active targeting, controlling drug release, and sufficient drug loading capacity. Here, we developed a multifunctional nanorobot system capable of precise magnetic control, sufficient drug loading for chemotherapy, light-triggered controlled drug release, light absorption for photothermal therapy, enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, and tumor sensing. The developed nanorobot system exhibits an in vitro synergetic antitumor effect of photothermal therapy and chemotherapy and outstanding tumor-targeting efficiency in both in vitro and in vivo environments. The results of this study encourage further explorations of an efficient active drug delivery system for cancer treatment and the development of nanorobot systems for other biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Jin
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics , 43-26 Cheomdangwagi-ro , Buk-gu, Gwangju 61011 , Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering , Chonnam National University , 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu , Gwangju 61186 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kim Tien Nguyen
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics , 43-26 Cheomdangwagi-ro , Buk-gu, Gwangju 61011 , Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering , Chonnam National University , 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu , Gwangju 61186 , Republic of Korea
| | - Gwangjun Go
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics , 43-26 Cheomdangwagi-ro , Buk-gu, Gwangju 61011 , Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering , Chonnam National University , 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu , Gwangju 61186 , Republic of Korea
| | - Byungjeon Kang
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics , 43-26 Cheomdangwagi-ro , Buk-gu, Gwangju 61011 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ki Min
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics , 43-26 Cheomdangwagi-ro , Buk-gu, Gwangju 61011 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Jae Kim
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics , 43-26 Cheomdangwagi-ro , Buk-gu, Gwangju 61011 , Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Hanbat National University , Deongmyeong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34158 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hao Li
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics , 43-26 Cheomdangwagi-ro , Buk-gu, Gwangju 61011 , Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Sei Kim
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics , 43-26 Cheomdangwagi-ro , Buk-gu, Gwangju 61011 , Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering , Chonnam National University , 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu , Gwangju 61186 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seonmin Lee
- Department of Oncology , Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil , Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sukho Park
- Department of Robotics Engineering , Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST) , Daegu 42988 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Pyo Kim
- Department of Oncology , Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil , Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Moo Huh
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Chungnam National University , 99 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jihwan Song
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Hanbat National University , Deongmyeong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34158 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Oh Park
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics , 43-26 Cheomdangwagi-ro , Buk-gu, Gwangju 61011 , Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering , Chonnam National University , 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu , Gwangju 61186 , Republic of Korea
| | - Eunpyo Choi
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics , 43-26 Cheomdangwagi-ro , Buk-gu, Gwangju 61011 , Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering , Chonnam National University , 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu , Gwangju 61186 , Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Jones S, Andrén D, Antosiewicz TJ, Käll M. Ultrafast Modulation of Thermoplasmonic Nanobubbles in Water. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:8294-8302. [PMID: 31647867 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Thermo-optically generated bubbles in water provide a powerful means for active matter control in microfluidic environments. These bubbles are often formed via continuous-wave illumination of an absorbing medium resulting in bubble nucleation via vaporization of water and subsequent bubble growth from the inward diffusion of gas molecules. However, to date, such bubbles tend to be several microns in diameter, resulting in slow dissipation. This limits the dynamic rate, spatial precision, and throughput of operation in any application. Here we show that isolated plasmonic structures can be utilized as highly localized heating elements to generate thermoplasmonic nanobubbles that can be modulated at frequencies up to several kilohertz in water, orders of magnitude faster than previously demonstrated for microbubbles. The nanobubbles are envisioned as advantageous localized active manipulation elements for high throughput microfluidic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Jones
- Department of Physics , Chalmers University of Technology , 412 96 Göteborg , Sweden
| | - Daniel Andrén
- Department of Physics , Chalmers University of Technology , 412 96 Göteborg , Sweden
| | - Tomasz J Antosiewicz
- Department of Physics , Chalmers University of Technology , 412 96 Göteborg , Sweden
- Faculty of Physics , University of Warsaw , Pasteura 5 , 02-093 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department of Physics , Chalmers University of Technology , 412 96 Göteborg , Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ha S, Tang Y, van Oene MM, Janissen R, Dries RM, Solano B, Adam AJL, Dekker NH. Single-Crystal Rutile TiO 2 Nanocylinders are Highly Effective Transducers of Optical Force and Torque. ACS PHOTONICS 2019; 6:1255-1265. [PMID: 31119185 PMCID: PMC6524961 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.9b00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Optical trapping of (sub)micron-sized particles is broadly employed in nanoscience and engineering. The materials commonly employed for these particles, however, have physical properties that limit the transfer of linear or angular momentum (or both). This reduces the magnitude of forces and torques, and the spatiotemporal resolution, achievable in linear and angular traps. Here, we overcome these limitations through the use of single-crystal rutile TiO2, which has an exceptionally large optical birefringence, a high index of refraction, good chemical stability, and is amenable to geometric control at the nanoscale. We show that rutile TiO2 nanocylinders form powerful joint force and torque transducers in aqueous environments by using only moderate laser powers to apply nN·nm torques at kHz rotational frequencies to tightly trapped particles. In doing so, we demonstrate how rutile TiO2 nanocylinders outperform other materials and offer unprecedented opportunities to expand the control of optical force and torque at the nanoscale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seungkyu Ha
- Department
of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ying Tang
- Optics
Research Group, Department of Imaging Physics, Delft University of Technology, van der Waalsweg 8, 2628 CH Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten M. van Oene
- Department
of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Richard Janissen
- Department
of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Roland M. Dries
- Department
of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Belen Solano
- Department
of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Aurèle J. L. Adam
- Optics
Research Group, Department of Imaging Physics, Delft University of Technology, van der Waalsweg 8, 2628 CH Delft, The Netherlands
- E-mail:
| | - Nynke H. Dekker
- Department
of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
- E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Tracking the rotation of single CdS nanorods during photocatalysis with surface plasmon resonance microscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:6630-6634. [PMID: 30872472 PMCID: PMC6452698 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1820114116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Rotational dynamics of anisotropic nanomaterials reveals and regulates their behaviors and functions in diverse fields ranging from nanomotors, biomechanics, and enzymatic catalysis to microrheology. An optical imaging technique that is suitable for all kinds of anisotropic nanoobjects, regardless of its inherent optical property, is thus highly desirable and it is yet to be demonstrated. In the present work, by taking a nonfluorescent and nonplasmonic CdS nanorod as an example, we demonstrate the capability of a recently developed surface plasmon resonance microscopy for determining the orientation of single anisotropic nanomaterials with arbitrary chemical composition and morphology. While rotational dynamics of anisotropic nanoobjects has often been limited in plasmonic and fluorescent nanomaterials, here we demonstrate the capability of a surface plasmon resonance microscopy (SPRM) to determine the orientation of all kinds of anisotropic nanomaterials. By taking CdS nanorods as an example, it was found that two-dimensional Fourier transform of the asymmetrical wave-like SPRM image resulted in a peak in its angular spectrum in k space. Consistency between the peak angle and the geometrical orientation of the nanorod was validated by both in situ scanning electron microscope characterizations and theoretical calculations. Real-time monitoring of the rotational dynamics of single CdS nanorods further revealed the accelerated rotation under appropriate reaction conditions for photocatalyzed hydrogen generation. The driving force was attributed to the asymmetric production of hydrogen molecules as a result of inhomogeneous distribution of reactive sites within the nanorod. The present work not only builds the experimental and theoretical connections between the orientation of anisotropic nanomaterials and its SPRM images; the general suitability of SPRM also sheds light on broad types of nonfluorescent and nonplasmonic anisotropic nanoobjects from semiconductors to bacteria and viruses.
Collapse
|
40
|
Yang L, Li P, Li Z. Plasmonic polarization beam splitting based on single silver nanowire. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:3851-3860. [PMID: 30876009 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.003851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic waveguides have been indispensable "building-blocks" to construct functional elements for future integrated nano-photonic devices and circuits. In this paper, we demonstrate that a thick silver nanowire with well-defined end facets can provide multiple outcoupling channels, and the controllable beam splitting is realized. The propagating surface plasmons emission at nanowire end are split into two parts: I1 and I2, with the polarizations nearly perpendicular to the respective emitting facets. By changing incident polarization, the splitting ratio (I1/I2) can be tuned in the range of 1.52~0.36. Electromagnetic simulations indicate that polarization beam splitting mechanisms in this single thick nanowire are the interference of propagating surface plasmon modes and the superposition of excited dipoles at the nanowire end. These findings would deepen the understanding of manipulation of surface plasmons propagation/emission, and advance the development of plasmonic waveguide-based nano-photonic devices.
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhang Z, Bando K, Mochizuki K, Taguchi A, Fujita K, Kawata S. Quantitative Evaluation of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Nanoparticles for Intracellular pH Sensing at a Single Particle Level. Anal Chem 2019; 91:3254-3262. [PMID: 30698014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular pH is one of the key factors for understanding various biological processes in biological cells. Plasmonic gold and silver nanoparticles (NPs) have been extensively studied for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications for pH sensing as a local pH probe in a living cell. However, the SERS performance of NPs depends on material, size, and shape, which can be controlled by chemical synthesis. Here, we synthesized 18 types of gold and silver NPs with different morphologies such as sphere, rod, flower, star, core/shell, hollow, octahedra, core/satellites, and chainlike aggregates, and quantitatively compared their SERS performance for pH sensing. The SERS intensity from the most commonly utilized SERS probe molecule ( para-mercaptobenzoic acid, p-MBA) for pH sensing was measured at the single nanoparticle level under the same measurement parameters such as low laser power (0.5 mW/μm2), short integration time (100 ms) at wavelengths of 405, 488, 532, 584, 676, and 785 nm. In our measurement, the Ag chain, Ag core/satellites, Ag@Au core/satellites, and Au core/satellites nanoassemblies showed efficient pH sensing at the single particle level. By using p-MBA-conjugated Au@Ag core/satellites, we performed time-lapse pH measurements during apoptosis of HeLa cells. These experimental results confirmed that the pH measurement using p-MBA-conjugated Au@Ag core/satellites can be applied for long-term measurements of intracellular pH during cellular events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics , Osaka University , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan.,CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 215163 , Suzhou , China
| | - Kazuki Bando
- Department of Applied Physics , Osaka University , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan.,Serendip Research, Osaka , Osaka 530-0001 , Japan
| | - Kentaro Mochizuki
- Department of Applied Physics , Osaka University , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Atsushi Taguchi
- Department of Applied Physics , Osaka University , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Katsumasa Fujita
- Department of Applied Physics , Osaka University , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan.,Advanced Photonics and Biosensing Open Innovation Laboratory , AIST-Osaka Unversity , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan.,Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives , Osaka University , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Satoshi Kawata
- Department of Applied Physics , Osaka University , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan.,Serendip Research, Osaka , Osaka 530-0001 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Donato MG, Brzobohatý O, Simpson SH, Irrera A, Leonardi AA, Lo Faro MJ, Svak V, Maragò OM, Zemánek P. Optical Trapping, Optical Binding, and Rotational Dynamics of Silicon Nanowires in Counter-Propagating Beams. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:342-352. [PMID: 30525673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanowires are held and manipulated in controlled optical traps based on counter-propagating beams focused by low numerical aperture lenses. The double-beam configuration compensates light scattering forces enabling an in-depth investigation of the rich dynamics of trapped nanowires that are prone to both optical and hydrodynamic interactions. Several polarization configurations are used, allowing the observation of optical binding with different stable structure as well as the transfer of spin and orbital momentum of light to the trapped silicon nanowires. Accurate modeling based on Brownian dynamics simulations with appropriate optical and hydrodynamic coupling confirms that this rich scenario is crucially dependent on the non-spherical shape of the nanowires. Such an increased level of optical control of multiparticle structure and dynamics open perspectives for nanofluidics and multi-component light-driven nanomachines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Donato
- CNR-IPCF, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici , I-98158 Messina , Italy
| | - Oto Brzobohatý
- CNR-IPCF, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici , I-98158 Messina , Italy
| | - Stephen H Simpson
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the CAS , Kralovopolska 147 , 61264 Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Alessia Irrera
- CNR-IPCF, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici , I-98158 Messina , Italy
| | - Antonio A Leonardi
- CNR-IPCF, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici , I-98158 Messina , Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia , Università di Catania , I-95123 Catania , Italy
| | - Maria J Lo Faro
- CNR-IPCF, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici , I-98158 Messina , Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia , Università di Catania , I-95123 Catania , Italy
| | - Vojtěch Svak
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the CAS , Kralovopolska 147 , 61264 Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Onofrio M Maragò
- CNR-IPCF, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici , I-98158 Messina , Italy
| | - Pavel Zemánek
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the CAS , Kralovopolska 147 , 61264 Brno , Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Solodov A, Neklyudov VV, Shayimova J, Amirov RR, Dimiev AM. Magneto-Optical Properties of the Magnetite-Graphene Oxide Composites in Organic Solvents. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:40024-40031. [PMID: 30370760 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b15129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) aqueous solutions are known to form liquid crystals that can switch in electric fields. Magnetic fields as external stimuli are inefficient toward GO because of its diamagnetic properties, and GO is known to be insoluble in most of the organic solvents. In this study, composites of GO with oleate-protected magnetite nanoparticles were prepared as stable colloid solutions in the mixed isopropanol-chloroform solvents. The structure of the composite particles and the optical properties of their solutions can be controlled by the ratio of the mixing parent components. The as-prepared solutions are highly responsive to external magnetic field. As the consequence, the optical transmission and the direction of light scattering can be efficiently manipulated. These systems pave the way for fabricating functional materials, such as magneto-optical switches, density-gradient materials, and micromotors. Solubility in nonpolar organic solvents broadens the scope of their potential applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Solodov
- Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Nanomaterials , Kazan Federal University , Kremlyovskaya Street 18 , Kazan 420008 , Russian Federation
| | - Vadim V Neklyudov
- Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Nanomaterials , Kazan Federal University , Kremlyovskaya Street 18 , Kazan 420008 , Russian Federation
| | - Julia Shayimova
- Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Nanomaterials , Kazan Federal University , Kremlyovskaya Street 18 , Kazan 420008 , Russian Federation
| | - Rustem R Amirov
- Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Nanomaterials , Kazan Federal University , Kremlyovskaya Street 18 , Kazan 420008 , Russian Federation
| | - Ayrat M Dimiev
- Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Nanomaterials , Kazan Federal University , Kremlyovskaya Street 18 , Kazan 420008 , Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Liaw JW, Huang MC, Chao HY, Kuo MK. Spin and Orbital Rotation of Plasmonic Dimer Driven by Circularly Polarized Light. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 13:322. [PMID: 30315377 PMCID: PMC6185878 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2739-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The plasmon-enhanced spin and orbital rotation of Au dimer, two optically bound nanoparticles (NPs), induced by a circularly polarized (CP) light (plane wave or Gaussian beam) were studied theoretically. Through the optomechanical performances of optical forces and torques, the longitudinal/transverse spin-orbit coupling (SOC) of twisted electromagnetic fields was investigated. The optical forces show that for the long-range interaction, there exist some stable-equilibrium orbits for rotation, where the stable-equilibrium interparticle distances are nearly the integer multiples of wavelength in medium. In addition, the optical spin torque drives each NP to spin individually. For a plane wave, the helicities of the longitudinal spin and orbital rotation of the coupled NPs are the same at the stable-equilibrium orbit, consistent with the handedness of plane wave. In contrast, for a focused Gaussian beam, the helicity of the orbital rotation of dimer could be opposite to the handedness of the incident light due to the negative optical orbital torque at the stable-equilibrium interparticle distance; additionally, the transverse spin of each NP becomes profound. These results demonstrate that the longitudinal/transverse SOC is significantly induced due to the twisted optical field. For the short-range interaction, the mutual attraction between two NPs is induced, associated with the spinning and spiral trajectory; eventually, the two NPs will collide. The borderline of the interparticle distance between the long-range and short-range interactions is approximately at a half-wavelength in medium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiunn-Woei Liaw
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan, Guishan District, Taoyuan City, 33302 Taiwan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, Taishan District, New Taipei City, 24301 Taiwan
- Medical Physics Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Center for Advanced Molecular Imaging and Translation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Chang Huang
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106 Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Yu Chao
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106 Taiwan
| | - Mao-Kuen Kuo
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106 Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Liang Z, Fan D. Visible light-gated reconfigurable rotary actuation of electric nanomotors. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaau0981. [PMID: 30225371 PMCID: PMC6140629 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau0981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient and widely applicable working mechanisms that allow nanomaterials and devices to respond to external stimuli with controlled mechanical motions could make far-reaching impact to reconfigurable, adaptive, and robotic nanodevices. We report an innovative mechanism that allows multifold reconfiguration of mechanical rotation of semiconductor nanoentities in electric (E) fields by visible light stimulation. When illuminated by light in the visible-to-infrared regime, the rotation speed of semiconductor Si nanowires in E-fields can instantly increase, decrease, and even reverse the orientation, depending on the intensity of the applied light and the AC E-field frequency. This multifold rotational reconfiguration is highly efficient, instant, and facile. Switching between different modes can be simply controlled by the light intensity at an AC frequency. We carry out experiments, theoretical analysis, and simulations to understand the underlying principle, which can be attributed to the optically tunable polarization of Si nanowires in an aqueous suspension and an external E-field. Finally, leveraging this newly discovered effect, we successfully differentiate semiconductor and metallic nanoentities in a noncontact and nondestructive manner. This research could inspire a new class of reconfigurable nanoelectromechanical and nanorobotic devices for optical sensing, communication, molecule release, detection, nanoparticle separation, and microfluidic automation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zexi Liang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Donglei Fan
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Andrén D, Karpinski P, Käll M. Construction and Operation of a Light-driven Gold Nanorod Rotary Motor System. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 30010664 PMCID: PMC6102027 DOI: 10.3791/57947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The possibility to generate and measure rotation and torque at the nanoscale is of fundamental interest to the study and application of biological and artificial nanomotors and may provide new routes towards single cell analysis, studies of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, and mechanical actuation of nanoscale systems. A facile way to drive rotation is to use focused circularly polarized laser light in optical tweezers. Using this approach, metallic nanoparticles can be operated as highly efficient scattering-driven rotary motors spinning at unprecedented rotation frequencies in water. In this protocol, we outline the construction and operation of circularly-polarized optical tweezers for nanoparticle rotation and describe the instrumentation needed for recording the Brownian dynamics and Rayleigh scattering of the trapped particle. The rotational motion and the scattering spectra provides independent information on the properties of the nanoparticle and its immediate environment. The experimental platform has proven useful as a nanoscopic gauge of viscosity and local temperature, for tracking morphological changes of nanorods and molecular coatings, and as a transducer and probe of photothermal and thermodynamic processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Andrén
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology;
| | | | - Mikael Käll
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Liu J, Li Z. Controlled Mechanical Motions of Microparticles in Optical Tweezers. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:E232. [PMID: 30424165 PMCID: PMC6187602 DOI: 10.3390/mi9050232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Optical tweezers, formed by a highly focused laser beam, have intriguing applications in biology and physics. Inspired by molecular rotors, numerous optical beams and artificial particles have been proposed to build optical tweezers trapping microparticles, and extensive experiences have been learned towards constructing precise, stable, flexible and controllable micromachines. The mechanism of interaction between particles and localized light fields is quite different for different types of particles, such as metal particles, dielectric particles and Janus particles. In this article, we present a comprehensive overview of the latest development on the fundamental and application of optical trapping. The emphasis is placed on controllable mechanical motions of particles, including rotation, translation and their mutual coupling under the optical forces and torques created by a wide variety of optical tweezers operating on different particles. Finally, we conclude by proposing promising directions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Institute of Laser and Intelligent Manufacturing Technology, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lin L, Wang M, Peng X, Lissek EN, Mao Z, Scarabelli L, Adkins E, Coskun S, Unalan HE, Korgel BA, Liz-Marzán LM, Florin EL, Zheng Y. Opto-thermoelectric nanotweezers. NATURE PHOTONICS 2018; 12:195-201. [PMID: 29785202 PMCID: PMC5958900 DOI: 10.1038/s41566-018-0134-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Optical manipulation of plasmonic nanoparticles provides opportunities for fundamental and technical innovation in nanophotonics. Optical heating arising from the photon-to-phonon conversion is considered as an intrinsic loss in metal nanoparticles, which limits their applications. We show here that this drawback can be turned into an advantage, by developing an extremely low-power optical tweezing technique, termed opto-thermoelectric nanotweezers (OTENT). Through optically heating a thermoplasmonic substrate, alight-directed thermoelectric field can be generated due to spatial separation of dissolved ions within the heating laser spot, which allows us to manipulate metal nanoparticles of a wide range of materials, sizes and shapes with single-particle resolution. In combination with dark-field optical imaging, nanoparticles can be selectively trapped and their spectroscopic response can be resolved in-situ. With its simple optics, versatile low-power operation, applicability to diverse nanoparticles, and tuneable working wavelength, OTENT will become a powerful tool in colloid science and nanotechnology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linhan Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Mingsong Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Xiaolei Peng
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Emanuel N. Lissek
- Center for Nonlinear Dynamics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Zhangming Mao
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Leonardo Scarabelli
- Bionanoplasmonics Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Emily Adkins
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Sahin Coskun
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Husnu Emrah Unalan
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Brian A. Korgel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Luis M. Liz-Marzán
- Bionanoplasmonics Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ernst-Ludwig Florin
- Center for Nonlinear Dynamics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Schuck M, Steinert D, Nussbaumer T, Kolar JW. Ultrafast rotation of magnetically levitated macroscopic steel spheres. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:e1701519. [PMID: 29326976 PMCID: PMC5756664 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1701519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Our world is increasingly powered by electricity, which is largely converted to or from mechanical energy using electric motors. Several applications have driven the miniaturization of these machines, resulting in high rotational speeds. Although speeds of several hundred thousand revolutions per minute have been used industrially, we report the realization of an electrical motor reaching 40 million rpm to explore the underlying physical boundaries. Millimeter-scale steel spheres, which are levitated and accelerated by magnetic fields inside a vacuum, are used as a rotor. Circumferential speeds exceeding 1000 m/s and centrifugal accelerations of more than 4 × 108 times gravity were reached. The results open up new research possibilities, such as the testing of materials under extreme centrifugal load, and provide insights into the development of future electric drive systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Schuck
- Power Electronic Systems Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Technoparkstrasse 1, 8005 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Steinert
- Levitronix GmbH, Technoparkstrasse 1, 8005 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Johann W. Kolar
- Power Electronic Systems Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Technoparkstrasse 1, 8005 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Andrén D, Shao L, Odebo Länk N, Aćimović SS, Johansson P, Käll M. Probing Photothermal Effects on Optically Trapped Gold Nanorods by Simultaneous Plasmon Spectroscopy and Brownian Dynamics Analysis. ACS NANO 2017; 11:10053-10061. [PMID: 28872830 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b04302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic gold nanorods are prime candidates for a variety of biomedical, spectroscopy, data storage, and sensing applications. It was recently shown that gold nanorods optically trapped by a focused circularly polarized laser beam can function as extremely efficient nanoscopic rotary motors. The system holds promise for applications ranging from nanofluidic flow control and nanorobotics to biomolecular actuation and analysis. However, to fully exploit this potential, one needs to be able to control and understand heating effects associated with laser trapping. We investigated photothermal heating of individual rotating gold nanorods by simultaneously probing their localized surface plasmon resonance spectrum and rotational Brownian dynamics over extended periods of time. The data reveal an extremely slow nanoparticle reshaping process, involving migration of the order of a few hundred atoms per minute, for moderate laser powers and a trapping wavelength close to plasmon resonance. The plasmon spectroscopy and Brownian analysis allows for separate temperature estimates based on the refractive index and the viscosity of the water surrounding a trapped nanorod. We show that both measurements yield similar effective temperatures, which correspond to the actual temperature at a distance of the order 10-15 nm from the particle surface. Our results shed light on photothermal processes on the nanoscale and will be useful in evaluating the applicability and performance of nanorod motors and optically heated nanoparticles for a variety of applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Andrén
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Lei Shao
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Nils Odebo Länk
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Srdjan S Aćimović
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Peter Johansson
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University , S-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|