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Chen HC, Ma Y, Cheng J, Chen YC. Advances in Single-Cell Techniques for Linking Phenotypes to Genotypes. CANCER HETEROGENEITY AND PLASTICITY 2024; 1:0004. [PMID: 39156821 PMCID: PMC11328949 DOI: 10.47248/chp2401010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Single-cell analysis has become an essential tool in modern biological research, providing unprecedented insights into cellular behavior and heterogeneity. By examining individual cells, this approach surpasses conventional population-based methods, revealing critical variations in cellular states, responses to environmental cues, and molecular signatures. In the context of cancer, with its diverse cell populations, single-cell analysis is critical for investigating tumor evolution, metastasis, and therapy resistance. Understanding the phenotype-genotype relationship at the single-cell level is crucial for deciphering the molecular mechanisms driving tumor development and progression. This review highlights innovative strategies for selective cell isolation based on desired phenotypes, including robotic aspiration, laser detachment, microraft arrays, optical traps, and droplet-based microfluidic systems. These advanced tools facilitate high-throughput single-cell phenotypic analysis and sorting, enabling the identification and characterization of specific cell subsets, thereby advancing therapeutic innovations in cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Chun Chen
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 3420 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Yushu Ma
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 3420 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Jinxiong Cheng
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Yu-Chih Chen
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 3420 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- CMU-Pitt Ph.D. Program in Computational Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 3420 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
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2
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Sharma V, Mottafegh A, Joo JU, Kang JH, Wang L, Kim DP. Toward microfluidic continuous-flow and intelligent downstream processing of biopharmaceuticals. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:2861-2882. [PMID: 38751338 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc01097j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Biopharmaceuticals have emerged as powerful therapeutic agents, revolutionizing the treatment landscape for various diseases, including cancer, infectious diseases, autoimmune and genetic disorders. These biotherapeutics pave the way for precision medicine with their unique and targeted capabilities. The production of high-quality biologics entails intricate manufacturing processes, including cell culture, fermentation, purification, and formulation, necessitating specialized facilities and expertise. These complex processes are subject to rigorous regulatory oversight to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and quality of biotherapeutics prior to clinical approval. Consequently, these drugs undergo extensive purification unit operations to achieve high purity by effectively removing impurities and contaminants. The field of personalized precision medicine necessitates the development of novel and highly efficient technologies. Microfluidic technology addresses unmet needs by enabling precise and compact separation, allowing rapid, integrated and continuous purification modules. Moreover, the integration of intelligent biomanufacturing systems with miniaturized devices presents an opportunity to significantly enhance the robustness of complex downstream processing of biopharmaceuticals, with the benefits of automation and advanced control. This allows seamless data exchange, real-time monitoring, and synchronization of purification steps, leading to improved process efficiency, data management, and decision-making. Integrating autonomous systems into biopharmaceutical purification ensures adherence to regulatory standards, such as good manufacturing practice (GMP), positioning the industry to effectively address emerging market demands for personalized precision nano-medicines. This perspective review will emphasize on the significance, challenges, and prospects associated with the adoption of continuous, integrated, and intelligent methodologies in small-scale downstream processing for various types of biologics. By utilizing microfluidic technology and intelligent systems, purification processes can be enhanced for increased efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and regulatory compliance, shaping the future of biopharmaceutical production and enabling the development of personalized and targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Sharma
- Center for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Amirreza Mottafegh
- Center for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Un Joo
- Center for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Ho Kang
- Center for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Pyo Kim
- Center for Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Li J, Ma Y, Zhang T, Shung KK, Zhu B. Recent Advancements in Ultrasound Transducer: From Material Strategies to Biomedical Applications. BME FRONTIERS 2022; 2022:9764501. [PMID: 37850168 PMCID: PMC10521713 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9764501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound is extensively studied for biomedical engineering applications. As the core part of the ultrasonic system, the ultrasound transducer plays a significant role. For the purpose of meeting the requirement of precision medicine, the main challenge for the development of ultrasound transducer is to further enhance its performance. In this article, an overview of recent developments in ultrasound transducer technologies that use a variety of material strategies and device designs based on both the piezoelectric and photoacoustic mechanisms is provided. Practical applications are also presented, including ultrasound imaging, ultrasound therapy, particle/cell manipulation, drug delivery, and nerve stimulation. Finally, perspectives and opportunities are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapu Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 430074
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Yuqing Ma
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 430074
| | - Tao Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 430074
| | - K. Kirk Shung
- NIH Resource Center for Medical Ultrasonic Transducer Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Benpeng Zhu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 430074
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
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4
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Chen Z, Chen B, He M, Hu B. Negative Magnetophoresis Focusing Microchips Online-Coupled with ICP-MS for High-Throughput Single-Cell Analysis. Anal Chem 2022; 94:6649-6656. [PMID: 35481740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput single-cell analysis is critical to elucidate the cell heterogeneity. Recently, droplet microchips using oil/gas phases to generate single-cell encapsulated droplets have been combined with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for determination of trace elements in single cells with a throughput of dozens of cells per min. To improve the sample throughput and avoid the oil phase introduced into ICP-MS, herein, a negative magnetophoresis focusing microchip was established and online-coupled to ICP-MS for single-cell analysis. MCF-7 cells in the paramagnetic salt solution were introduced into the designed focusing microchannel, in which they were focused into a single stream under both the magnetic repulsion force and inertial lift force, and then were introduced into ICP-MS for online single-cell analysis. The important parameters including the chip design, the concentration of the paramagnetic salt solution, flow rate, cell density, and dwell time were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, a high sample throughput of 1390 cells min-1 was obtained. The established online analytical system was applied to study the uptake behaviors of MCF-7 cells for Zn2+ and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) at a single-cell level. The single-cell analysis results indicate that MCF-7 cells displayed more remarkable heterogeneity when they were treated with ZnO NPs, and the uptake content of ZnO NPs by MCF-7 cells was less than that of Zn2+. Compared with other droplet microdevice-ICP-MS analysis systems, the developed system has the advantages of simple design and fabrication, no organic phase, a high throughput, and a low sample consumption (only 5 μL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenna Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Man He
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Li Q, Li J, Zhu H, Chen Y, Zhu B, Yu H. Dynamic acoustic focusing in photoacoustic transmitter. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2021; 21:100224. [PMID: 34745880 PMCID: PMC8552345 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2020.100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic transmitter represents a promising substitute for conventional piezoelectric counterparts. However, lack of easy and effective method for dynamically manipulating the focused acoustic field is a common and tricky problem faced by current photoacoustic technology. In this paper, a new strategy for constructing focus tunable photoacoustic transmitter is proposed. Different from existed prevailing device architecture, a sandwich like photoacoustic conversion layer is innovatively designed into a suspending elastic membrane with clamped boundary and it can be deformed using integrated pneumatic actuator. Owing to the membrane deflection property, concave spherical contours with variable radius of curvature can be obtained. Considering the shape determined sound emission characteristic, continuous tuning on the axial focusing length of the acoustic field has been successfully demonstrated in the photoacoustic transmitter for the first time. Besides, acoustic signal with significantly improved negative pressure has also been achieved especially at the focus, bringing additional advantage for applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- School of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiapu Li
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Haobo Zhu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Benpeng Zhu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Corresponding authors at: School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Hongbin Yu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Corresponding authors at: School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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6
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Chen YC, Gonzalez ME, Burman B, Zhao X, Anwar T, Tran M, Medhora N, Hiziroglu AB, Lee W, Cheng YH, Choi Y, Yoon E, Kleer CG. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell Engulfment Reveals Metastatic Advantage in Breast Cancer. Cell Rep 2020; 27:3916-3926.e5. [PMID: 31242423 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.05.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty percent of breast cancer (BC) patients develop distant metastasis for which there is no cure. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) in the tumor microenvironment were shown to stimulate metastasis, but the mechanisms are unclear. Here, we identified and quantified cancer cells engulfing stromal cells in clinical samples of BC metastasis by dual immunostaining for EZH2 and ALDH1 expression. Using flow cytometry and a microfluidic single-cell paring and retrieval platform, we show that MSC engulfment capacity is associated with BC cell metastatic potential and generates cells with mesenchymal-like, invasion, and stem cell traits. Whole-transcriptome analyses of selectively retrieved engulfing BC cells identify a gene signature of MSC engulfment consisting of WNT5A, MSR1, ELMO1, IL1RL2, ZPLD1, and SIRPB1. These results delineate a mechanism by which MSCs in the tumor microenvironment promote metastasis and provide a microfluidic platform with the potential to predict BC metastasis in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chih Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Forbes Institute for Cancer Discovery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maria E Gonzalez
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Boris Burman
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xintao Zhao
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Talha Anwar
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Molecular Cellular and Pathology Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mai Tran
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Natasha Medhora
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ayse B Hiziroglu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Woncheol Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yu-Heng Cheng
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yehyun Choi
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Euisik Yoon
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Celina G Kleer
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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7
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Cai H, Ao Z, Wu Z, Nunez A, Jiang L, Carpenter RL, Nephew KP, Guo F. Profiling Cell–Matrix Adhesion Using Digitalized Acoustic Streaming. Anal Chem 2019; 92:2283-2290. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Cai
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Zheng Ao
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Zhuhao Wu
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Asael Nunez
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Richard L. Carpenter
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
- Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Kenneth P. Nephew
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
- Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
- Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
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8
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Li L, Wang H, Huang L, Michael SA, Huang W, Wu H. A Controllable, Centrifugal-Based Hydrodynamic Microfluidic Chip for Cell-Pairing and Studying Long-Term Communications between Single Cells. Anal Chem 2019; 91:15908-15914. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water
Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Huirong Wang
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water
Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sean Alan Michael
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water
Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hongkai Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water
Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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9
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Lim W, Lee S, Park S, Baac HW. Differential detachment of intact and viable cells of different sizes using laser-induced microbubbles. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:4919-4930. [PMID: 31646019 PMCID: PMC6788613 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.004919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Single cell isolation is a prerequisite for the analysis of rare or small cell subtypes. Here, we selectively detach single cells in a heterogeneous population comprised of different morphological subtypes whose sizes vary in body and extension. Such a cellular environment is first accommodated for by a photomechanical method in which pulsed laser irradiation produces microbubbles from a polymer substrate, thus pushing out and detaching cultured cells in an intact, viable, and spatially tailored way. While this has previously only bene used at a very low cell density with lack of quantitative characterization, we determine optimal detachment conditions for different cell sizes in terms of an optical fluence and the number of laser pulses. Importantly, our approach is employed to isolate cancer cells with inherent size variation and elucidate cellular heterogeneity in drug sensitivity: i.e., higher resistance for larger cell size. For cells detached by laser-induced microbubbles, morphology, proliferation, and viability are compared with those of conventional trypsin-treated cells detached without any spatial selectivity. These results support the suitability of our photomechanical method for biochemical screen and secondary analysis of cells with unusual responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyoung Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Sungsu Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hyoung Won Baac
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
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Kim J, Kim H, Chang WY, Huang W, Jiang X, Dayton PA. Candle Soot Carbon Nanoparticles in Photoacoustics: Advantages and Challenges for Laser Ultrasound Transmitters. IEEE NANOTECHNOLOGY MAGAZINE 2019; 13:13-28. [PMID: 31178946 DOI: 10.1109/mnano.2019.2904773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript provides a review of candle-soot nanoparticle (CSNP) composite laser ultrasound transmitters (LUT), and compares and contrasts this technology to other carboncomposite designs. Among many carbon-based composite LUTs, a CSNP composite has shown its advantages of maximum energy conversion and fabrication simplicity for developing highly efficient ultrasound transmitters. This review focuses on the advantages and challenges of the CSNP-composite transmitter in the aspects of nanostructure design, fabrication procedure, and promising applications. Included are a brief description of the basic principles of the laser ultrasound transmitter, a review of general properties of CSNPs, as well as details on the fabrication method, photoacoustic performance, and design factors. A comparison of the CSNP-nanocomposite to other carbon-nanocomposites is provided. Lastly, representative applications of carbon-nanocomposite transmitters and future perspectives on CSNP-composite transmitters are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwook Kim
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh
| | - Howuk Kim
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh
| | - Wei-Yi Chang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh
| | - Wenbin Huang
- State Key Lab of Mechanical Transmissions, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoning Jiang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh
| | - Paul A Dayton
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh
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11
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Ishida T, Shimamoto T, Kaminaga M, Kuchimaru T, Kizaka-Kondoh S, Omata T. Microfluidic High-Migratory Cell Collector Suppressing Artifacts Caused by Microstructures. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E116. [PMID: 30754704 PMCID: PMC6412487 DOI: 10.3390/mi10020116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The small number of high-migratory cancer cells in a cell population make studies on high-migratory cancer cells difficult. For the development of migration assays for such cancer cells, several microfluidic devices have been developed. However, they measure migration that is influenced by microstructures and they collect not only high-migratory cells, but also surrounding cells. In order to find high-migratory cells in cell populations while suppressing artifacts and to collect these cells while minimizing damages, we developed a microfluidic high-migratory cell collector with the ability to sort cancer cells according to cellular migration and mechanical detachment. High-migratory cancer cells travel further from the starting line when all of the cells are seeded on the same starting line. The high-migratory cells are detached using a stretch of cell adhesive surface using a water-driven balloon actuator. Using this cell collector, we selected high-migratory HeLa cells that migrated about 100m in 12 h and collected the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Ishida
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.
- Department of Mechano-Micro Engineering, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.
| | - Takuya Shimamoto
- Department of Mechano-Micro Engineering, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.
| | - Maho Kaminaga
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Kuchimaru
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.
| | - Shinae Kizaka-Kondoh
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.
| | - Toru Omata
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.
- Department of Mechano-Micro Engineering, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.
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12
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Zhuang J, Wu Y, Chen L, Liang S, Wu M, Zhou L, Fan C, Zhang Y. Single-Cell Mobility Analysis of Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1801158. [PMID: 30581709 PMCID: PMC6299679 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Efforts have been taken to enhance the study of single-cells, however, the task remains challenging because most previous investigations cannot exclude the interactions between single cells or separately retrieved cells with specificity for further analyses. Here, a single-cell mobility analysis platform (SCM-Chip) is developed that can not only real-time monitor single-cell migration in independent niches but can also selectively recover target cells one by one. The design of each channel with a single-cell capture unit and an outlet enables the system to place single cells in different isolated niches with fluidic capture and to respectively collect target cells based on mobilities. SCM-Chip characterization of breast cancer cells reveals the presence of high- and low-migratory populations. Whole-cell transcriptome analysis establishes that monocyte chemotactic protein induced protein 1 (MCPIP1) is related with cell mobility; cells with a high expression of MCPIP1 exhibit low mobility in vitro and metastasis in vivo. The SCM platform provides a generic tool for accurate single-cell isolation and differentiation that can be readily adapted for the study of cancer and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialang Zhuang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510006P. R. China
| | - Yongjian Wu
- Department of ImmunologyZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen University74 Zhongshan 2nd RoadGuangzhou510080P. R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510006P. R. China
| | - Siping Liang
- Department of ImmunologyZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen University74 Zhongshan 2nd RoadGuangzhou510080P. R. China
| | - Minhao Wu
- Department of ImmunologyZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen University74 Zhongshan 2nd RoadGuangzhou510080P. R. China
| | - Ledu Zhou
- Department of General SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410008P. R. China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- Laboratory of Physical BiologyShanghai Institute of Applied PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201800P. R. China
| | - Yuanqing Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510006P. R. China
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Photoacoustic Energy Sensor for Nanosecond Optical Pulse Measurement. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18113879. [PMID: 30423877 PMCID: PMC6263804 DOI: 10.3390/s18113879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a photoacoustic sensor capable of measuring high-energy nanosecond optical pulses in terms of temporal width and energy fluence per pulse. This was achieved by using a hybrid combination of a carbon nanotube-polydimethylsiloxane (CNT-PDMS)-based photoacoustic transmitter (i.e., light-to-sound converter) and a piezoelectric receiver (i.e., sound detector). In this photoacoustic energy sensor (PES), input pulsed optical energy is heavily absorbed by the CNT-PDMS composite film and then efficiently converted into an ultrasonic output. The output ultrasonic pulse is then measured and analyzed to retrieve the input optical characteristics. We quantitatively compared the PES performance with that of a commercial thermal energy meter. Due to the efficient energy transduction and sensing mechanism of the hybrid structure, the minimum-measurable pulsed optical energy was significantly lowered, ~157 nJ/cm2, corresponding to 1/760 of the reference pyroelectric detector. Moreover, despite the limited acoustic frequency bandwidth of the piezoelectric receiver, laser pulse widths over a range of 6–130 ns could be measured with a linear relationship to the ultrasound pulse width of 22–153 ns. As CNT has a wide electromagnetic absorption spectrum, the proposed pulsed sensor system can be extensively applied to high-energy pulse measurement over visible through terahertz spectral ranges.
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Shinde P, Mohan L, Kumar A, Dey K, Maddi A, Patananan AN, Tseng FG, Chang HY, Nagai M, Santra TS. Current Trends of Microfluidic Single-Cell Technologies. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3143. [PMID: 30322072 PMCID: PMC6213733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The investigation of human disease mechanisms is difficult due to the heterogeneity in gene expression and the physiological state of cells in a given population. In comparison to bulk cell measurements, single-cell measurement technologies can provide a better understanding of the interactions among molecules, organelles, cells, and the microenvironment, which can aid in the development of therapeutics and diagnostic tools. In recent years, single-cell technologies have become increasingly robust and accessible, although limitations exist. In this review, we describe the recent advances in single-cell technologies and their applications in single-cell manipulation, diagnosis, and therapeutics development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Shinde
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Loganathan Mohan
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Amogh Kumar
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Koyel Dey
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Anjali Maddi
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Alexander N Patananan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30071, Taiwan.
| | - Hwan-You Chang
- Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30071, Taiwan.
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan.
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
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Bulbul G, Chaves G, Olivier J, Ozel RE, Pourmand N. Nanopipettes as Monitoring Probes for the Single Living Cell: State of the Art and Future Directions in Molecular Biology. Cells 2018; 7:E55. [PMID: 29882813 PMCID: PMC6024992 DOI: 10.3390/cells7060055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Examining the behavior of a single cell within its natural environment is valuable for understanding both the biological processes that control the function of cells and how injury or disease lead to pathological change of their function. Single-cell analysis can reveal information regarding the causes of genetic changes, and it can contribute to studies on the molecular basis of cell transformation and proliferation. By contrast, whole tissue biopsies can only yield information on a statistical average of several processes occurring in a population of different cells. Electrowetting within a nanopipette provides a nanobiopsy platform for the extraction of cellular material from single living cells. Additionally, functionalized nanopipette sensing probes can differentiate analytes based on their size, shape or charge density, making the technology uniquely suited to sensing changes in single-cell dynamics. In this review, we highlight the potential of nanopipette technology as a non-destructive analytical tool to monitor single living cells, with particular attention to integration into applications in molecular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonca Bulbul
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
| | - Gepoliano Chaves
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
| | - Joseph Olivier
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
| | - Rifat Emrah Ozel
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
| | - Nader Pourmand
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
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