1
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Chatterjee J, Chatterjee A, Tanwar R, Panwaria P, Saikia S, Ambhore MD, Mandal P, Hazra P. Activation of TADF in Photon Upconverting Crystals of Dinuclear Cu(I)-Iodide Complexes by Ligand Engineering. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:6069-6080. [PMID: 38820068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
This work reports that ligand engineering can modulate the triplet harvesting mechanism in iodide-bridged rhombic Cu2I2 complexes. Complex-1, with a smaller Cu-Cu distance, exhibits phosphorescence from 3(M+X)LCT and 3CC states with 66% quantum yield, whereas an increased Cu-Cu distance in complex-2 results in a switch of the emission from phosphorescence to TADF, which occurs via 1/3(M+X)LCT states with 83% quantum yield. The TADF property of complex-2 has been utilized for the fabrication of a pc-LED emitting efficient warm white light. Moreover, the high charge-transfer nature of these complexes leads to the emergence of third-harmonic generation (THG). Interestingly, complex-1 exhibits efficient third-harmonic generation with a χ(3) value of 1.15 × 10-18 m2 V-2 and LIDT value of 14.73 GW/cm2. This work aims to provide a structure-property relationship to achieve effective harvestation of triplet excitons in iodide-bridged rhombic Cu2I2 complexes and their effective utilization in OLED device fabrication and nonlinear photon upconversion processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune-411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abhijit Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune-411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Riteeka Tanwar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune-411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prakash Panwaria
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune-411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sajid Saikia
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune-411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Madan D Ambhore
- Department of Chemistry, Yeshwant Mahavidyalaya Nanded, Nanded, PIN-431602, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pankaj Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune-411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Partha Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune-411008, Maharashtra, India
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2
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Cheng P, Jia X, Chai S, Li G, Xin M, Guan J, Han X, Han W, Zeng S, Zheng Y, Xu J, Bu XH. Boosted Second Harmonic Generation of a Chiral Hybrid Lead Halide Resonant to Charge Transfer Exciton from Metal Halide Octahedra to Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400644. [PMID: 38470139 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Chiral hybrid organic-inorganic metal halides (HOMHs) offer an ideal platform for the advancement of second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) materials owing to their inherent noncentrosymmetric structures. The enhancement of optical nonlinearity of chiral HOMHs could be achieved by matching the free exciton and/or self-trapped exciton energy levels with desired NLO frequencies. However, the current scarcity of resonance modes and low resonance ratio hamper the further improvements of NLO performance. Herein, we propose a new resonant channel of charge transfer (CT) excited states from metal halide polyhedra to organic ligand to boost the second-order optical nonlinearity of chiral HOMHs. The model lead halide (C7H10N)PbBr3 (C7H10N=1-ethylpyridinium) exhibits a drastically enhanced second harmonic generation in resonance to the deep CT exciton energy, with intensity of up to 111.0 times that of KDP and 10.9 times that of urea. The effective NLO coefficient has been determined to be as high as ~40.2 pm V-1, balanced with a large polarization ratio and high laser damage threshold. This work highlights the contribution of organic ligands in the construction of a resonant channel for enhancing second-order NLO coefficients of metal halides, and thus provides guidelines for designing new chiral HOMHs materials for advanced nonlinear photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puxin Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodi Jia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Siqian Chai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Geng Li
- Key Laboratory of Rare Earths, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Rare Earth Group Research Institute, Huangjin Avenue 36, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Mingyang Xin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Wenqing Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Shuming Zeng
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Siwangting Road 180, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yongshen Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jialiang Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xian-He Bu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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3
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Wang Q, Jin J, Wang Z, Ren S, Ye Q, Dou Y, Liu S, Morris A, Slebodnick C, Quan L. Supramolecular Metal Halide Complexes for High-Temperature Nonlinear Optical Switches. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8971-8980. [PMID: 38393312 PMCID: PMC10996001 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical (NLO) switching materials, which exhibit reversible intensity modulation in response to thermal stimuli, have found extensive applications across diverse fields including sensing, photoelectronics, and photonic applications. While significant progress has been made in solid-state NLO switching materials, these materials typically showcase their highest NLO performance near room temperature. However, this performance drastically deteriorates upon heating, primarily due to the phase transition undergone by the materials from noncentrosymmetric to centrosymmetric phase. Here, we introduce a new class of NLO switching materials, solid-state supramolecular compounds 18-Crown-6 ether@Cu2Cl4·4H2O (1·4H2O), exhibiting reversible and stable NLO switching when subjected to near-infrared (NIR) photoexcitation and/or thermal stimuli. The reversible crystal structure in response to external stimuli is attributed to the presence of a weakly coordinated bridging water molecule facilitated by hydrogen bonding/chelation interactions between the metal halide and crown-ether supramolecules. We observed an exceptionally high second-harmonic generation (SHG) signal under continuous photoexcitation, even at temperatures exceeding 110 °C. In addition, the bridging water molecules within the complex can be released and recaptured in a fully reversible manner, all without requiring excessive energy input. This feature allows for precise control of SHG signal activation and deactivation through structural transformations, resulting in a high-contrast off/on ratio, reaching values in the million-fold range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Jianbo Jin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Zhongxuan Wang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Maryland, College
Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Shenqiang Ren
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Maryland, College
Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Qingyu Ye
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Yixuan Dou
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Sunhao Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Amanda Morris
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Carla Slebodnick
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Lina Quan
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department
of Materials and Science Engineering, Virginia
Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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4
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Hassan N, Nagaraja S, Saha S, Tarafder K, Ballav N. Excitonic cuprophilic interactions in one-dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic crystals. Chem Sci 2024; 15:4075-4085. [PMID: 38487229 PMCID: PMC10935718 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06255d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The everlasting pursuit of hybrid organic-inorganic lead-free semiconductors has directed the focus towards eco-friendly copper-based systems, perhaps because of the diversity in chemistry, controlling the structure-property relationship. In this work, we report single crystals of a Cu(i) halide-based perovskite-like organic-inorganic hybrid, (TMA)Cu2Br3, (TMA = tetramethylammonium), consisting of unusual one-dimensional inorganic anionic chains of -(Cu2Br3)-, electrostatically stabilized by organic cations, and the Cu(i)-Cu(i) distance of 2.775 Å indicates the possibility of cuprophilic interactions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements further confirmed the presence of exclusive Cu(i) in (TMA)Cu2Br3 and electronic structure calculations based on density functional theory suggested a direct bandgap value of 2.50 eV. The crystal device demonstrated an impressive bulk photovoltaic effect due to the emergence of excitonic Cu(i)-Cu(i) interactions, as was clearly visualized in the charge-density plot as well as in the Raman spectroscopic analysis. The single crystals of a silver analogue, (TMA)Ag2Br3, have also been synthesized revealing a Ag(i)-Ag(i) distance of 3.048 Å (signature of an argentophilic interaction). Unlike (TMA)Cu2Br3, where more density of states from Cu compared to Br near the Fermi level was observed, (TMA)Ag2Br3 exhibited the opposite trend, possibly due to variation in the ionic potential influencing the overall bonding scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411 008 India
| | - Suneetha Nagaraja
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal Mangalore 575 025 India
| | - Sauvik Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411 008 India
| | - Kartick Tarafder
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal Mangalore 575 025 India
| | - Nirmalya Ballav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411 008 India
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5
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Han Z, Han X, Wu S, Zhang Q, Hu W, Meng Y, Liang Y, Hu J, Li L, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Geng D, Hu W. Phase and Composition Engineering of Self-Intercalated 2D Metallic Tantalum Sulfide for Second-Harmonic Generation. ACS NANO 2024; 18:6256-6265. [PMID: 38354399 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Self-intercalation in two-dimensional (2D) materials is significant, as it offers a versatile approach to modify material properties, enabling the creation of interesting functional materials, which is essential in advancing applications across various fields. Here, we define ic-2D materials as covalently bonded compounds that result from the self-intercalation of a metal into layered 2D compounds. However, precisely growing ic-2D materials with controllable phases and self-intercalation concentrations to fully exploit the applications in the ic-2D family remains a great challenge. Herein, we demonstrated the controlled synthesis of self-intercalated H-phase and T-phase Ta1+xS2 via a temperature-driven chemical vapor deposition (CVD) approach with a viable intercalation concentration spanning from 10% to 58%. Atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy-annular dark field imaging demonstrated that the self-intercalated Ta atoms occupy the octahedral vacancies located at the van der Waals gap. The nonperiodic Ta atoms break the centrosymmetry structure and Fermi surface properties of intrinsic TaS2. Therefore, ic-2D T-phase Ta1+xS2 consistently exhibit a spontaneous nonlinear optical (NLO) effect regardless of the sample thickness and self-intercalation concentrations. Our results propose an approach to activate the NLO response of centrosymmetric 2D materials, achieving the modulation of a wide range of optoelectronic properties via nonperiodic self-intercalation in the ic-2D family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaocang Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shengqiang Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wenchao Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yin Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jingyi Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lin Li
- Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- AI for Science Institute, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dechao Geng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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6
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Annurakshita S, Liu M, Vivo P, Bautista G. Probing compositional engineering effects on lead-free perovskite-inspired nanocrystal thin films using correlative nonlinear optical microscopy. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:2852-2859. [PMID: 38231157 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05137d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
We introduce the use of correlative third-harmonic generation and multiphoton-induced luminescence microscopy to investigate the impact of manganese (Mn) doping on bismuth (Bi)-based perovskite-inspired nanocrystal thin films. The technique was found to be extremely sensitive to the microscopic features of the perovskite film and its structural compositions, allowing the unambiguous detection of compositionally different emitters in the perovskite film and manipulation of their nonlinear optical responses. Our work unveils a new way to investigate, manipulate, and exploit perovskite-inspired functional materials for nonlinear optical conversion at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambhavee Annurakshita
- Photonics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Maning Liu
- Hybrid Solar Cells, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Paola Vivo
- Hybrid Solar Cells, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Godofredo Bautista
- Photonics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720, Tampere, Finland.
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7
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Marjanowska A, El Karout H, Guichaoua D, Sahraoui B, Płóciennik P, Zawadzka A. Topography and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Thin Films Containing Iodide-Based Hybrid Perovskites. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 14:50. [PMID: 38202504 PMCID: PMC10780914 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
This article covers selected properties of organic-inorganic thin films of hybrid perovskites with the summary formulas CH3NH3MI3, where M = Pb, Cd, Ge, Sn, Zn. The paper discusses not only the history, general structure, applications of perovskites and the basics of the theory of nonlinear optics, but also the results of experimental research on their structural, spectroscopic, and nonlinear optical properties. The samples used in all presented studies were prepared in the physical vapor deposition process by using co-deposition from two independent thermal sources containing the organic and inorganic parts of individual perovskites. Ultimately, thin layers with a thickness of the order of nanometers were obtained on glass and crystalline substrates. Their structural properties were characterized by atomic force microscopy imaging. Spectroscopic tests were used to confirm the tested films' transmission quality and determine previously unknown physical parameters, such as the absorption coefficient and refractive index. Experimental results of the nonlinear optical properties were obtained by studying the second and third harmonic generation processes and using initial sample polarization in the so-called Corona poling process. The obtained experimental results allowed us to determine the second- and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of the tested materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Marjanowska
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
- LPhiA, SFR Matrix, University of Angers, Bd Lavoisier 2, 49045 Angers CEDEX 2, France; (H.E.K.); (D.G.); (B.S.)
| | - Houda El Karout
- LPhiA, SFR Matrix, University of Angers, Bd Lavoisier 2, 49045 Angers CEDEX 2, France; (H.E.K.); (D.G.); (B.S.)
- MOLTECH-Anjou-UMR CNRS 6200, SFR MATRIX, University of Angers, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Dominique Guichaoua
- LPhiA, SFR Matrix, University of Angers, Bd Lavoisier 2, 49045 Angers CEDEX 2, France; (H.E.K.); (D.G.); (B.S.)
| | - Bouchta Sahraoui
- LPhiA, SFR Matrix, University of Angers, Bd Lavoisier 2, 49045 Angers CEDEX 2, France; (H.E.K.); (D.G.); (B.S.)
| | - Przemysław Płóciennik
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
- Institute of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Anna Zawadzka
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
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8
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Arendse CJ, Burns R, Beckwitt D, Babaian D, Klue S, Stalla D, Karapetrova E, Miceli PF, Guha S. Insights into the Growth Orientation and Phase Stability of Chemical-Vapor-Deposited Two-Dimensional Hybrid Halide Perovskite Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:59055-59065. [PMID: 38055639 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) offers a large-area, scalable, and conformal growth of perovskite thin films without the use of solvents. Low-dimensional organic-inorganic halide perovskites, with alternating layers of organic spacer groups and inorganic perovskite layers, are promising for enhancing the stability of optoelectronic devices. Moreover, their multiple quantum-well structures provide a powerful platform for tuning excitonic physics. In this work, we show that the CVD process is conducive to the growth of 2D hybrid halide perovskite films. Using butylammonium (BA) and phenylethylammonium (PEA) cations, the growth parameters of BA2PbI4 and PEA2PbI4 and mixed halide perovskite films were first optimized. These films are characterized by well-defined grain boundaries and display characteristic absorption and emission features of the 2D quantum wells. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a noninteger dimensionality model of the absorption spectrum provide insights into the orientation of the crystalline planes. Unlike BA2PbI4, temperature-dependent photoluminescence measurements from PEA2PbI4 show a single excitonic peak throughout the temperature range from 20 to 350 K, highlighting the lack of defect states. These results further corroborate the temperature-dependent synchrotron-based XRD results. Furthermore, the nonlinear optical properties of the CVD-grown perovskite films are investigated, and a high third harmonic generation efficiency is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Arendse
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Randy Burns
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - David Beckwitt
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Dallar Babaian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Stephen Klue
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - David Stalla
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Evguenia Karapetrova
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Paul F Miceli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Suchismita Guha
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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9
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Antony LSD, van Dongen S, Grimaldi G, Mathew S, Helmbrecht L, Weijden AVD, Borchert J, Schuringa I, Ehrler B, Noorduin WL, Alarcon-Llado E. The role of Pb oxidation state of the precursor in the formation of 2D perovskite microplates. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:6285-6294. [PMID: 36911989 PMCID: PMC10065060 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06509f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) lead halide perovskites are an exciting class of materials currently being extensively explored for photovoltaics and other optoelectronic applications. Their ionic nature makes them ideal candidates for solution processing into both thin films and nanostructured crystals. Understanding how 2D lead halide perovskite crystals form is key towards full control over their physical properties, which may enable new physical phenomena and devices. Here, we investigate the effects of the Pb oxidation state of the initial inorganic precursor on the growth of pure-phase (n = 1) - Popper 2D perovskite BA2PbI4 in single-step synthesis. We examine the different crystallisation routes in exposing PbO2 and PbI2 powders to a BAI : IPA organo-halide solution, by combining in situ optical microscopy, UV-VIS spectroscopy and time-resolved high performance liquid chromatography. So far, works using PbO2 to synthesise 3D LHPs introduce a preceding step to reduce PbO2 into either PbO or PbI2. In this work, we find that BA2PbI4 is directly formed when exposing PbO2 to BAI : IPA without the need for an external reducing agent. We explain this phenomenon by the spontaneous reduction/oxidation of PbO2/BAI that occurs under iodine-rich conditions. We observe differences in the final morphology (rectangles vs. octagons) and nanocrystal growth rate, which we explain through the different chemistry and iodoplumbate complexes involved in each case. As such, this work spans the horizon of usable lead precursors and offers a new turning knob to control crystal growth in single-step LHP synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gianluca Grimaldi
- AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Optoelectronics Section, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1TN, UK
| | - Simon Mathew
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Juliane Borchert
- University of Freiburg, Department of Sustainable Systems Engineering - INATECH, 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Novel Solar Cell Concepts Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Imme Schuringa
- AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Bruno Ehrler
- AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Willem L Noorduin
- AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Pressure driven rotational isomerism in 2D hybrid perovskites. Nat Commun 2023; 14:411. [PMID: 36697404 PMCID: PMC9877019 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Multilayers consisting of alternating soft and hard layers offer enhanced toughness compared to all-hard structures. However, shear instability usually exists in physically sputtered multilayers because of deformation incompatibility among hard and soft layers. Here, we demonstrate that 2D hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIP) provide an interesting platform to study the stress-strain behavior of hard and soft layers undulating with molecular scale periodicity. We investigate the phonon vibrations and photoluminescence properties of Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites (RPPs) under compression using a diamond anvil cell. The organic spacer due to C4 alkyl chain in RPP buffers compressive stress by tilting (n = 1 RPP) or step-wise rotational isomerism (n = 2 RPP) during compression, where n is the number of inorganic layers. By examining the pressure threshold of the elastic recovery regime across n = 1-4 RPPs, we obtained molecular insights into the relationship between structure and deformation resistance in hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites.
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11
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Jia L, Wu J, Zhang Y, Qu Y, Jia B, Moss DJ. Third-Order Optical Nonlinearities of 2D Materials at Telecommunications Wavelengths. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:307. [PMID: 36838007 PMCID: PMC9962682 DOI: 10.3390/mi14020307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
All-optical signal processing based on nonlinear optical devices is promising for ultrafast information processing in optical communication systems. Recent advances in two-dimensional (2D) layered materials with unique structures and distinctive properties have opened up new avenues for nonlinear optics and the fabrication of related devices with high performance. This paper reviews the recent advances in research on third-order optical nonlinearities of 2D materials, focusing on all-optical processing applications in the optical telecommunications band near 1550 nm. First, we provide an overview of the material properties of different 2D materials. Next, we review different methods for characterizing the third-order optical nonlinearities of 2D materials, including the Z-scan technique, third-harmonic generation (THG) measurement, and hybrid device characterization, together with a summary of the measured n2 values in the telecommunications band. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnan Jia
- Optical Sciences Center, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Jiayang Wu
- Optical Sciences Center, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Yuning Zhang
- Optical Sciences Center, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Yang Qu
- Optical Sciences Center, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Baohua Jia
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Training, Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - David J. Moss
- Optical Sciences Center, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
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12
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Chakraborty R, Rajput PK, Anilkumar GM, Maqbool S, Das R, Rahman A, Mandal P, Nag A. Rational Design of Non-Centrosymmetric Hybrid Halide Perovskites. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1378-1388. [PMID: 36594717 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Structural non-centrosymmetry in semiconducting organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskites can introduce functionalities like anomalous photovoltaics and nonlinear optical properties. Here we introduce a design principle to prepare Pb- and Bi-based two- and one-dimensional hybrid perovskites with polar non-centrosymmetric space groups. The design principle relies on creating dissimilar hydrogen and halogen bonding non-covalent interactions at the organic-inorganic interface. For example, in organic cations like I-(CH2)3-NH2(CH3)+ (MIPA), -CH3 is substituted by -CH2I at one end, and -NH3+ is substituted by -NH2(CH3)+ at the other end. These substitutions of two -H atoms by -I and -CH3 reduce the rotational symmetry of MIPA at both ends, compared to an unsubstituted cation, for example, H3C-(CH2)3-NH3+. Consequently, the dissimilar hydrogen-iodine and iodine-iodine interactions at the organic-inorganic interface of (MIPA)2PbI4 2D perovskites break the local inversion symmetries of Pb-I octahedra. Owing to this non-centrosymmetry, (MIPA)2PbI4 displays visible to infrared tunable nonlinear optical properties with second and third harmonic generation susceptibility values of 5.73 pm V-1 and 3.45 × 10-18 m2 V-2, respectively. Also, the single crystal shows photocurrent on shining visible light at no external bias, exhibiting anomalous photovoltaic effect arising from the structural asymmetry. The design strategy was extended to synthesize four new non-centrosymmetric hybrid perovskite compounds. Among them, one-dimensional (H3N-(CH2)3-NH(CH3)2)BiI5 shows a second harmonic generation susceptibility of 7.3 pm V-1 and a high anomalous photovoltaic open-circuit voltage of 22.6 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayan Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
| | - Parikshit Kumar Rajput
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
| | - Gokul M Anilkumar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
| | - Shabnum Maqbool
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
| | - Ranjan Das
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Atikur Rahman
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
| | - Pankaj Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
| | - Angshuman Nag
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune 411008, India
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13
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Gao W, Wei Q, Wang T, Xu J, Zhuang L, Li M, Yao K, Yu SF. Two-Photon Lasing from Two-Dimensional Homologous Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskite with Giant Nonlinear Absorption and Natural Microcavities. ACS NANO 2022; 16:13082-13091. [PMID: 35969210 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites (RPPs) with multiple quantum well-like structures, strong excitonic quantum confinement, and high stability are promising optical gain media. However, the lasing from such material with a small number of inorganic well layers is difficult to achieve. Herein, we demonstrate the low-threshold upconversion lasing from the homologous RPP (PEA)2(MA)n-1PbnI3n+1 (n = 2 and 3) microflakes with wavelength varies from 598 to 637 nm under 800 nm laser excitation at low temperature (≤153 K). Using the micro Z-scan technique, we discovered that the RPP flakes have a giant two-photon absorption coefficient β as high as 3.6 × 103 cm GW-1, resulting in the effective upconversion transition under two-photon excitation. Furthermore, the self-formation of Fabry-Pérot microcavities provides the support for lasing emission from the n ≥ 2 RPP flakes. Calculation results and microscopic transient absorption measurements reveal that low-threshold lasing is due to the high differential gain coefficient and the suppressed nonradiative Auger recombination rate inside the quantum confinement structures. These properties enable RPPs as potential gain media for developing upconversion microcavity lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qi Wei
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lyuchao Zhuang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingjie Li
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai Yao
- Institute of Photovoltaics/Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Siu Fung Yu
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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14
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Lin H, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Lin KT, Wen X, Liang Y, Fu Y, Lau AKT, Ma T, Qiu CW, Jia B. Engineering van der Waals Materials for Advanced Metaphotonics. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15204-15355. [PMID: 35749269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The outstanding chemical and physical properties of 2D materials, together with their atomically thin nature, make them ideal candidates for metaphotonic device integration and construction, which requires deep subwavelength light-matter interaction to achieve optical functionalities beyond conventional optical phenomena observed in naturally available materials. In addition to their intrinsic properties, the possibility to further manipulate the properties of 2D materials via chemical or physical engineering dramatically enhances their capability, evoking new science on light-matter interaction, leading to leaped performance of existing functional devices and giving birth to new metaphotonic devices that were unattainable previously. Comprehensive understanding of the intrinsic properties of 2D materials, approaches and capabilities for chemical and physical engineering methods, the resulting property modifications and novel functionalities, and applications of metaphotonic devices are provided in this review. Through reviewing the detailed progress in each aspect and the state-of-the-art achievement, insightful analyses of the outstanding challenges and future directions are elucidated in this cross-disciplinary comprehensive review with the aim to provide an overall development picture in the field of 2D material metaphotonics and promote rapid progress in this fast emerging and prosperous field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Lin
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,The Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Training, Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Zhenfang Zhang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Keng-Te Lin
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Xiaoming Wen
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Yao Liang
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Yang Fu
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Alan Kin Tak Lau
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Tianyi Ma
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Baohua Jia
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,The Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Training, Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia.,Centre for Translational Atomaterials, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
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15
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Yan J, Ou Q, Vincenti MA, De Angelis C, Bao Q, Neshev DN. Nonlinear microscopy of lead iodide nanosheets. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:4793-4805. [PMID: 35209453 DOI: 10.1364/oe.451214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lead iodide (PbI2) is a van der Waals layered semiconductor with a direct bandgap in its bulk form and a hexagonal layered crystalline structure. The recently developed PbI2 nanosheets have shown great promise for high-performance optoelectronic devices, including nanolasers and photodetectors. However, despite being widely used as a precursor for perovskite materials, the optical properties of PbI2 nanomaterials remain largely unexplored. Here, we determine the nonlinear optical properties of PbI2 nanosheets by utilising nonlinear microscopy as a non-invasive optical technique. We demonstrate the nonlinearity enhancement dependent on excitonic resonances, crystalline orientation, thickness, and influence of the substrate. Our results allow for estimating the second- and third-order nonlinear susceptibilities of the nanosheets, opening new opportunities for the use of PbI2 nanosheets as nonlinear and quantum light sources.
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16
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Li D, Shang X, Wu W, Li X, Xu Z, Li L, Hong M, Chen X, Luo J. Unprecedented Self-Powered Visible-Infrared Dual-Modal Photodetection Induced by a Bulk Photovoltaic Effect in a Polar Perovskite. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:5608-5614. [PMID: 35044742 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Visible-infrared dual-modal light harvesting is crucial for various optoelectronic devices, particularly for solar cells and photodetectors. Hybrid metal-halide perovskites are recently emerging for visible-infrared dual-modal photodetection owing to their prominent multiphoton absorption and carrier transport performances. However, they work relying on an applied external power source or complicated heterostructures. It is still a difficult task to realize visible-infrared dual-modal self-powered photoresponse induced by a bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) in a single material. In this work, we constructed a polar multilayered perovskite, (Br-BA)2(EA)2Pb3Br10 (BEP; EA+ = ethylammonium, and Br-BA+ = 4-brombutylammonium). Notably, the polar feature endows BEP with a BPVE. In addition, BEP presents a distinctive two-photon activity arising from the layered quantum-well structure. Benefitting from these striking characteristics, self-powered visible-infrared dual-modal photodetection is realized, and a direct self-powered detection of 800 nm light with a photocurrent of 2.1 nA cm-2 is achieved. This work will inspire the design of desired photoelectric materials with a BPVE for high-performance self-powered visible-infrared dual-modal photodetection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xiaoying Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures and Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Wentao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xiaoqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Zhijin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Lina Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
| | - Maochun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
| | - Xueyuan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures and Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
| | - Junhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
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17
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Giant Third-Order Nonlinear Response of Mixed Perovskite Nanocrystals. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15010389. [PMID: 35009532 PMCID: PMC8746593 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Mixed (FAPbI3)0.92(MAPbBr3)0.08 perovskite thin films exhibit strong nonlinear optical responses, rendering them promising candidates for applications in photonics and optical communications. In this work, we present a systematic study on the ultrafast third-order nonlinear optical processes in mixed perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) by exploring the generation of third harmonic radiation and giant two-photon absorption-based photoluminescence (PL) when excited by femtosecond laser pulses of a 1030 nm central wavelength. A comparative analysis of the coherent third harmonic generation in the thin-film-containing perovskite nanocrystals has shown a 40× enhancement of the third harmonic signal compared to the signal generated in the pure quartz substrate. The cubic dependence of the third-nonlinear optical response of the (FAPbI3)0.92(MAPbBr3)0.08 perovskites on the intensity of the driving radiation was identified using broadband 38 femtosecond driving pulses. The positive nonlinear refractive index (γ = +1.4 × 10−12 cm2·W−1) is found to play an important role in improving the phase-matching conditions of the interacting pulses by generating a strong third order harmonic. The giant two-photon absorption (TPA)-assisted PL peak was monitored and a blue shift of the PL was obtained in the higher intensity range of the laser pulses, with the absorption coefficient β estimated to be~+7.0 cm·MW−1 at a 1030 nm laser wavelength.
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18
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Ko BA, Berry K, Qin Z, Sokolov AV, Hu J, Scully MO, Bao J, Zhang Z. Resonant Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing at the Defect Energy Levels of 2D Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Crystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:57075-57083. [PMID: 34797627 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites are generating great interest due to their optoelectronic characteristics such as high solar energy conversion efficiency and a tunable direct band gap in the visible regime. However, the presence of defect states within the two-dimensional crystal structure can affect these properties, resulting in changes to their band gap emission as well as the emergence of nonlinear optical phenomena. Here, we have investigated the effects of the presence of defect states on the nonlinear optical phenomena of the 2D hybrid perovskite (BA)2(MA)2Pb3Br10. When two pulses, one narrowband pump pulse centered at 800 nm and one supercontinuum pulse with bandwidth from 800-1100 nm, are incident on a perovskite flake, degenerate four-wave mixing (FWM) occurs, with peaks corresponding to the energy levels of the defect states present within the crystal. The longer carrier lifetime of the defect state, in comparison to that of virtual transitions that take place in nonresonant FWM processes, allows for a larger population of electrons to be excited by the second pump photon, resulting in increased FWM signal at the defect energy levels. The quenching of the two-photon luminescence as flake thickness increases is also observed and attributed to the increased presence of defects within the flake at larger thicknesses. This technique shows the potential of detecting defect energy levels in crystals using FWM for a variety of optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Ko
- Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76706, United States
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Keith Berry
- Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76706, United States
| | - Zhaojun Qin
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Alexei V Sokolov
- Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76706, United States
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Jonathan Hu
- Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76706, United States
| | - Marlan O Scully
- Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76706, United States
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Jiming Bao
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
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Cinquino M, Fieramosca A, Mastria R, Polimeno L, Moliterni A, Olieric V, Matsugaki N, Panico R, De Giorgi M, Gigli G, Giannini C, Rizzo A, Sanvitto D, De Marco L. Managing Growth and Dimensionality of Quasi 2D Perovskite Single-Crystalline Flakes for Tunable Excitons Orientation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2102326. [PMID: 34623706 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid perovskites are among the most promising materials for optoelectronic applications. Their 2D crystalline form is even more interesting since the alternating inorganic and organic layers naturally forge a multiple quantum-well structure, leading to the formation of stable excitonic resonances. Nevertheless, a controlled modulation of the quantum well width, which is defined by the number of inorganic layers (n) between two organic ones, is not trivial and represents the main synthetic challenge in the field. Here, a conceptually innovative approach to easily tune n in lead iodide perovskite single-crystalline flakes is presented. The judicious use of potassium iodide is found to modulate the supersaturation levels of the precursors solution without being part of the final products. This allows to obtain a fine tuning of the n value. The excellent optical quality of the as synthesized flakes guarantees an in-depth analysis by Fourier-space microscopy, revealing that the excitons orientation can be manipulated by modifying the number of inorganic layers. Excitonic out-of-plane component, indeed, is enhanced when "n" is increased. The combined advances in the synthesis and optical characterization fill in the picture of the exciton behavior in low-dimensional perovskite, paving the way to the design of materials with improved optoelectronic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cinquino
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica E. De Giorgi, Università Del Salento, Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Antonio Fieramosca
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Rosanna Mastria
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Laura Polimeno
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica E. De Giorgi, Università Del Salento, Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Anna Moliterni
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR-IC, Via Amendola 122/O, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Vincent Olieric
- Structural Biology Research Center, Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, 5232, Switzerland
| | - Naohiro Matsugaki
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, 5232, Switzerland
| | - Riccardo Panico
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica E. De Giorgi, Università Del Salento, Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Milena De Giorgi
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica E. De Giorgi, Università Del Salento, Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giannini
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR-IC, Via Amendola 122/O, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Aurora Rizzo
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Daniele Sanvitto
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Luisa De Marco
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
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20
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Shree S, Lagarde D, Lombez L, Robert C, Balocchi A, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Marie X, Gerber IC, Glazov MM, Golub LE, Urbaszek B, Paradisanos I. Interlayer exciton mediated second harmonic generation in bilayer MoS 2. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6894. [PMID: 34824259 PMCID: PMC8617052 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27213-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a non-linear optical process, where two photons coherently combine into one photon of twice their energy. Efficient SHG occurs for crystals with broken inversion symmetry, such as transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers. Here we show tuning of non-linear optical processes in an inversion symmetric crystal. This tunability is based on the unique properties of bilayer MoS2, that shows strong optical oscillator strength for the intra- but also interlayer exciton resonances. As we tune the SHG signal onto these resonances by varying the laser energy, the SHG amplitude is enhanced by several orders of magnitude. In the resonant case the bilayer SHG signal reaches amplitudes comparable to the off-resonant signal from a monolayer. In applied electric fields the interlayer exciton energies can be tuned due to their in-built electric dipole via the Stark effect. As a result the interlayer exciton degeneracy is lifted and the bilayer SHG response is further enhanced by an additional two orders of magnitude, well reproduced by our model calculations. Since interlayer exciton transitions are highly tunable also by choosing twist angle and material combination our results open up new approaches for designing the SHG response of layered materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivangi Shree
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-CNRS-UPS, LPCNO, 135 Avenue Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Delphine Lagarde
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-CNRS-UPS, LPCNO, 135 Avenue Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Lombez
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-CNRS-UPS, LPCNO, 135 Avenue Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Cedric Robert
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-CNRS-UPS, LPCNO, 135 Avenue Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Andrea Balocchi
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-CNRS-UPS, LPCNO, 135 Avenue Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Xavier Marie
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-CNRS-UPS, LPCNO, 135 Avenue Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Iann C Gerber
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-CNRS-UPS, LPCNO, 135 Avenue Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Bernhard Urbaszek
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-CNRS-UPS, LPCNO, 135 Avenue Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France.
| | - Ioannis Paradisanos
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-CNRS-UPS, LPCNO, 135 Avenue Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France.
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21
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Yao L, Zeng Z, Cai C, Xu P, Gu H, Gao L, Han J, Zhang X, Wang X, Wang X, Pan A, Wang J, Liang W, Liu S, Chen C, Tang J. Strong Second- and Third-Harmonic Generation in 1D Chiral Hybrid Bismuth Halides. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:16095-16104. [PMID: 34558894 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Breaking the symmetry of a crystal structure can enable even-order nonlinear activities, including second-harmonic generation (SHG). The emerging chiral hybrid organic-inorganic metal halides feature unique optical and electronic properties and flexible crystal structures, making them a class of promising nonlinear optical materials. However, their nonlinear response performances are currently inferior to traditional nonlinear crystals, because of the lack of research on resonant enhancement and third-harmonic generation (THG). Herein, we designed chiral hybrid bismuth halides with naturally nonsymmetrical structure to enable SHG. Simultaneously, these chiral compounds preserve 1D crystal structures to create strong free exciton, broad self-trapped exciton (STE), and discrete band energy levels, which facilitate the resonant enhancement of SHG and THG susceptibilities. These new chiral films showcase superior effective SHG susceptibility (χ(2) ∼ 130.5 pm V-1 at an interesting wavelength of 1550 nm), exceeding that of the reference, a commercial LiNbO3 (χ(2) ∼ 83.4 pm V-1) single-crystal film. Furthermore, their THG intensities are even higher than their SHG intensities, with effective THG susceptibility (χ(3)) being ∼9.0 × 106 pm2 V-2 at 1550 nm (37 times that of the reference monolayer WS2). Their high SHG and THG performances indicate the promising future of these 1D chiral hybrid bismuth halides toward nonlinear optical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yao
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhouxiaosong Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Chengkun Cai
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Research Institute for Magnetoelectronics & Weak Magnetic-field Detection, College of Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Honggang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Liang Gao
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Junbo Han
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Anlian Pan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wenxi Liang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shiyuan Liu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.,State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.,Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.,School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jiang Tang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.,School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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22
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Ricciardulli AG, Yang S, Smet JH, Saliba M. Emerging perovskite monolayers. NATURE MATERIALS 2021; 20:1325-1336. [PMID: 34112976 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-01029-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The library of two-dimensional (2D) materials has been enriched over recent years with novel crystal architectures endowed with diverse exciting functionalities. Bulk perovskites, including metal-halide and oxide systems, provide access to a myriad of properties through molecular engineering. Their tunable electronic structure offers remarkable features from long carrier-diffusion lengths and high absorption coefficients in metal-halide perovskites to high-temperature superconductivity, magnetoresistance and ferroelectricity in oxide perovskites. Emboldened by the 2D materials research, perovskites down to the monolayer limit have recently emerged. Like other 2D species, perovskites with reduced dimensionality are expected to exhibit new physics and to herald next-generation multifunctional devices. In this Review, we critically assess the preliminary studies on the synthetic routes and inherent properties of monolayer perovskite materials. We also discuss how to exploit them for widespread applications and provide an outlook on the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead for this enticing class of 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gaetano Ricciardulli
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sheng Yang
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Jurgen H Smet
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Michael Saliba
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
- Institute for Photovoltaics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
- Helmholtz Young Investigator Group FRONTRUNNER, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
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23
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Wang G, Mei S, Liao J, Wang W, Tang Y, Zhang Q, Tang Z, Wu B, Xing G. Advances of Nonlinear Photonics in Low-Dimensional Halide Perovskites. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100809. [PMID: 34121324 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid halide perovskites emerging as a highly promising class of functional materials for semiconductor optoelectronic applications have drawn great attention from worldwide researchers. In the past few years, prominent nonlinear optical properties have been demonstrated in perovskite bulk structures indicating their bright prospect in the field of nonlinear optics (NLO). Following the surge of 3D perovskites, more recently, the low-dimensional perovskites (LDPs) materials ranging from two-, one-, to zero-dimension such as quantum-wells or colloidal nanostructures have displayed unexpectedly attractive NLO response due to the strong quantum confinement, remarkable exciton effect, and structural diversity. In this perspective, the current state of the art is reviewed in the field of NLO for LDP materials. The relationship between confinement effect and NLO is analyzed systematically to give a comprehensive understanding of the function of dimension reduction. Furthermore, future directions and challenges toward the improvement of the NLO in LDP materials are discussed to provide an outlook in this rapidly developing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Shiliang Mei
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Liao
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Tang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zikang Tang
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Guichuan Xing
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, P. R. China
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24
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Mu H, Liu Y, Bongu SR, Bao X, Li L, Xiao S, Zhuang J, Liu C, Huang Y, Dong Y, Helmerson K, Wang J, Liu G, Du Y, Bao Q. Germanium Nanosheets with Dirac Characteristics as a Saturable Absorber for Ultrafast Pulse Generation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2101042. [PMID: 34151464 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bulk germanium as a group-IV photonic material has been widely studied due to its relatively large refractive index and broadband and low propagation loss from near-infrared to mid-infrared. Inspired by the research of graphene, the 2D counterpart of bulk germanium, germanene, has been discovered and the characteristics of Dirac electrons have been observed. However, the optical properties of germanene still remain elusive. In this work, several layers of germanene are prepared with Dirac electronic characteristics and its morphology, band structure, carrier dynamics, and nonlinear optical properties are systematically investigated. It is surprisingly found that germanene has a fast carrier-relaxation time comparable to that of graphene and a relatively large nonlinear absorption coefficient, which is an order of magnitude higher than that of graphene in the near-infrared wavelength range. Based on these findings, germanene is applied as a new saturable absorber to construct an ultrafast mode-locked laser, and sub-picosecond pulse generation in the telecommunication band is realized. The results suggest that germanene can be used as a new type of group-IV material for various nonlinear optics and photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Mu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies (FLEET), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- School of Physics, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Yani Liu
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, North Wollongong, New South Wales, 2500, Australia
- BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre and School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Sudhakara Reddy Bongu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Xiaozhi Bao
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Lei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Materials and Devices, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Laser Technology and Emerging Industry, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, China
| | - Si Xiao
- Institute of Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process in Advanced Materials, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Jincheng Zhuang
- BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre and School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yamin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Yemin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Kristian Helmerson
- School of Physics, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Jiaou Wang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guanyu Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yi Du
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, North Wollongong, New South Wales, 2500, Australia
- BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre and School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qiaoliang Bao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies (FLEET), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
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25
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Chen Z, Zhang Q, Zhu M, Chen H, Wang X, Xiao S, Loh KP, Eda G, Meng J, He J. In-Plane Anisotropic Nonlinear Optical Properties of Two-Dimensional Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:7010-7018. [PMID: 34286998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) with superior nonlinear optical (NLO) properties show great versatility in frequency upconversion applications. Optical anisotropy plays an indispensable role in interpreting the interactions between incoming photons and crystal structure. Recently, the in-plane anisotropic NLO properties of 2D OIHPs have been reported and attracted much attention. However, the structure-related NLO anisotropy of the 2D OIHP framework is not well-established. Here, NLO properties of (C6H5(CH2)2NH3)2PbI4 (PEPI), (C6H11NH3)2PbI4 (C6H11), and (C4H9NH3)2PbI4 (C4PI) were systematically studied to interrogate the correlation between the in-plane anisotropic NLO responses and its lattice structure. In-plane nonparametric NLO responses, e.g., two-photon photoluminescence (2PPL) and three-photon photoluminescence (3PPL), manifest similar anisotropy configurations for PEPI, C6H11, and C4PI regardless of aromatic, cyclic, or linear organic molecules; however, the anisotropies of THG signals are strongly dependent on the specific crystal structures of the individual flakes, and they are much higher than that of the multiphoton excited photoluminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophononics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117542, Singapore
| | - Menglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117542, Singapore
| | - Xinyun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
| | - Si Xiao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophononics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P.R. China
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
| | - Goki Eda
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117542, Singapore
| | - Jianqiao Meng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophononics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P.R. China
| | - Jun He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophononics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P.R. China
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26
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Sheikh T, Maqbool S, Mandal P, Nag A. Introducing Intermolecular Cation-π Interactions for Water-Stable Low Dimensional Hybrid Lead Halide Perovskites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18265-18271. [PMID: 34085741 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Optoelectronically active hybrid lead halide perovskites dissociate in water. To prevent this dissociation, here, we introduce long-range intermolecular cation-π interactions between A-site cations of hybrid perovskites. An aromatic diamine like 4,4'-trimethylenedipyridine, if protonated, can show a long-range cation-π stacking, and therefore, serves as our A-site cation. Consequently, 4,4'-trimethylenedipyridinium lead bromide [(4,4'-TMDP)Pb2 Br6 ], a one-dimensional hybrid perovskite, remains completely stable after continuous water treatment for six months. Mechanistic insights about the cation-π interactions are obtained by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The concept of long-range cation-π interaction is further extended to another A-site cation 4,4'-ethylenedipyridinium ion (4,4'-EDP), forming water-stable (4,4'-EDP)Pb2 Br6 perovskite. These water-stable perovskites are then used to fabricate white light-emitting diode and for light up-conversion through tunable third-harmonic generation. Note that the achieved water stability is the intrinsic stability of perovskite composition, unlike the prior approach of encapsulating the unstable perovskite material (or device) by water-resistant materials. The introduced cation-π interactions can be a breakthrough strategy in designing many more compositions of water-stable low-dimensional hybrid perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Sheikh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, 411008, India
| | - Shabnum Maqbool
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, 411008, India
| | - Pankaj Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, 411008, India
| | - Angshuman Nag
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, 411008, India
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27
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Sheikh T, Maqbool S, Mandal P, Nag A. Introducing Intermolecular Cation‐π Interactions for Water‐Stable Low Dimensional Hybrid Lead Halide Perovskites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Sheikh
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune 411008 India
| | - Shabnum Maqbool
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune 411008 India
| | - Pankaj Mandal
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune 411008 India
| | - Angshuman Nag
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune 411008 India
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28
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Grandhi GK, Matuhina A, Liu M, Annurakshita S, Ali-Löytty H, Bautista G, Vivo P. Lead-Free Cesium Titanium Bromide Double Perovskite Nanocrystals. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11061458. [PMID: 34072822 PMCID: PMC8228098 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Double perovskites are a promising family of lead-free materials that not only replace lead but also enable new optoelectronic applications beyond photovoltaics. Recently, a titanium (Ti)-based vacancy-ordered double perovskite, Cs2TiBr6, has been reported as an example of truly sustainable and earth-abundant perovskite with controversial results in terms of photoluminescence and environmental stability. Our work looks at this material from a new perspective, i.e., at the nanoscale. We demonstrate the first colloidal synthesis of Cs2TiX6 nanocrystals (X = Br, Cl) and observe tunable morphology and size of the nanocrystals according to the set reaction temperature. The Cs2TiBr6 nanocrystals synthesized at 185 °C show a bandgap of 1.9 eV and are relatively stable up to 8 weeks in suspensions. However, they do not display notable photoluminescence. The centrosymmetric crystal structure of Cs2TiBr6 suggests that this material could enable third-harmonic generation (THG) responses. Indeed, we provide a clear evidence of THG signals detected by the THG microscopy technique. As only a few THG-active halide perovskite materials are known to date and they are all lead-based, our findings promote future research on Cs2TiBr6 as well as on other lead-free double perovskites, with stronger focus on currently unexplored nonlinear optical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Krishnamurthy Grandhi
- Hybrid Solar Cells, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; (G.K.G.); (A.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Anastasia Matuhina
- Hybrid Solar Cells, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; (G.K.G.); (A.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Maning Liu
- Hybrid Solar Cells, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; (G.K.G.); (A.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Shambhavee Annurakshita
- Photonics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; (S.A.); (G.B.)
| | - Harri Ali-Löytty
- Surface Science Group, Photonics Laboratory, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland;
| | - Godofredo Bautista
- Photonics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; (S.A.); (G.B.)
| | - Paola Vivo
- Hybrid Solar Cells, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland; (G.K.G.); (A.M.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-44-3407081
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29
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Bhattacharya P, Morrell MV, Xing Y, Mathai CJ, Yu P, Guha S. Enhanced Third Harmonic Generation in Lead Bromide Perovskites with Ruddlesden-Popper Planar Faults. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:4092-4097. [PMID: 33885324 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites provide a test bed for exploring nonlinear optical properties. Although the underlying centrosymmetric crystal structure of 3D lead halide perovskites precludes the phenomenon of second harmonic generation, the third and higher-order harmonic generation are allowed. In this work, we probe the third harmonic generation (THG) from CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs) and compare it to the THG from CsPbBr3 NCs with Ruddlesden-Popper planar faults (RP-CsPbBr3), formed via postsynthetic fusion-growth. The THG from CsPbBr3 NCs is negligible compared with that of RP-CsPbBr3 NCs within a wide range of femtosecond excitation wavelengths. We further compare the THG from a thin film of RP-CsPbBr3 with that of a single crystal of methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3). The THG efficiency of RP-CsPbBr3 is found to be three times greater than that of MAPbBr3. An effective third-order susceptibility of the order of 10-18 m2 V-2 is obtained for a RP-CsPbBr3 film, opening up the prospect of inorganic halide perovskite NCs with planar defects for a range of nonlinear optical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Bhattacharya
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Maria V Morrell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Yangchuan Xing
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Cherian J Mathai
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Ping Yu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Suchismita Guha
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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Chen W, Zhang F, Wang C, Jia M, Zhao X, Liu Z, Ge Y, Zhang Y, Zhang H. Nonlinear Photonics Using Low-Dimensional Metal-Halide Perovskites: Recent Advances and Future Challenges. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2004446. [PMID: 33543536 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low-dimensional metal-halide perovskites have exhibited significantly superior nonlinear optical properties compared to traditional semiconductor counterparts, thanks to their peculiar physical and electronic structures. Their exceptional nonlinear optical characteristics make them excellent candidates for revolutionizing widespread applications. However, the research of nonlinear photonics based on low-dimensional metal-halide perovskites is in its infancy. There is a lack of comprehensive and in-depth summary of this research realm. Here, the state-of-the-art research progress related to third-and higher-order nonlinear optical properties of low-dimensional metal-halide perovskites with diverse crystal structures from 3D down to 0D, together with their practical applications, is summarized comprehensively. Critical discussions are offered on the fundamental mechanisms beneath their exceptional nonlinear optical performance from the physics viewpoint, attempting to disclose the role of intrinsic attributes (e.g., composition, bandgap, size, shape, and structure) and external modulation strategies (e.g., developing core-shell structures, transition metal ion doping, and hybridization with dielectric microspheres) in tuning the response. Additionally, their potential applications in nonlinear photonics, nonlinear optoelectronics, and biophotonics are systematically and thoroughly summed up and categorized. Lastly, insights into the current technical challenges and future research opportunities of nonlinear photonics based on low-dimensional metal-halide perovskites are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Mingshuang Jia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Xinghang Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zhaoran Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yanqi Ge
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yupeng Zhang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
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31
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Gan Z, Cheng Y, Chen W, Loh KP, Jia B, Wen X. Photophysics of 2D Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Lead Halide Perovskites: Progress, Debates, and Challenges. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2001843. [PMID: 33747717 PMCID: PMC7967069 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
2D organic-inorganic hybrid Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites (RPPs) have recently attracted increasing attention due to their excellent environmental stability, high degree of electronic tunability, and natural multiquantum-well structures. Although there is a rapid development of photoelectronic applications in solar cells, photodetectors, light emitting diodes (LEDs), and lasers based on 2D RPPs, the state-of-the-art performance is far inferior to that of the existing devices because of the limited understanding on fundamental physics, especially special photophysics in carrier dynamics, excitonic fine structures, excitonic quasiparticles, and spin-related effect. Thus, there is still plenty of room to improve the performances of photoelectronic devices based on 2D RPPs by enhancing knowledge on fundamental photophysics. This review highlights the special photophysics of 2D RPPs that is fundamentally different from the conventional 3D congeners. It also provides the most recent progress, debates, challenges, prospects, and in-depth understanding of photophysics in 2D perovskites, which is significant for not only boosting performance of solar cells, LEDs, photodetectors, but also future development of applications in lasers, spintronics, quantum information, and integrated photonic chips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixing Gan
- Center for Future Optoelectronic Functional MaterialsSchool of Computer and Electronic Information/School of Artificial IntelligenceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266042China
| | - Yingchun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University30 South Puzhu RoadNanjing211816China
| | - Weijian Chen
- Centre for Translational AtomaterialsFaculty of ScienceEngineering and TechnologySwinburne University of TechnologyJohn StreetHawthornVIC3122Australia
- Australian Centre for Advanced PhotovoltaicsSchool of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy EngineeringUNSW SydneyKensingtonNSW2052Australia
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistryand Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research CentreNational University of SingaporeSingapore117543Singapore
| | - Baohua Jia
- Centre for Translational AtomaterialsFaculty of ScienceEngineering and TechnologySwinburne University of TechnologyJohn StreetHawthornVIC3122Australia
| | - Xiaoming Wen
- Centre for Translational AtomaterialsFaculty of ScienceEngineering and TechnologySwinburne University of TechnologyJohn StreetHawthornVIC3122Australia
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Blancon JC, Even J, Stoumpos CC, Kanatzidis MG, Mohite AD. Semiconductor physics of organic-inorganic 2D halide perovskites. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 15:969-985. [PMID: 33277622 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-020-00811-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Achieving technologically relevant performance and stability for optoelectronics, energy conversion, photonics, spintronics and quantum devices requires creating atomically precise materials with tailored homo- and hetero-interfaces, which can form functional hierarchical assemblies. Nature employs tunable sequence chemistry to create complex architectures, which efficiently transform matter and energy, however, in contrast, the design of synthetic materials and their integration remains a long-standing challenge. Organic-inorganic two-dimensional halide perovskites (2DPKs) are organic and inorganic two-dimensional layers, which self-assemble in solution to form highly ordered periodic stacks. They exhibit a large compositional and structural phase space, which has led to novel and exciting physical properties. In this Review, we discuss the current understanding in the structure and physical properties of 2DPKs from the monolayers to assemblies, and present a comprehensive comparison with conventional semiconductors, thereby providing a broad understanding of low-dimensional semiconductors that feature complex organic-inorganic hetero-interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacky Even
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON - UMR 6082, Rennes, France
| | - Costas C Stoumpos
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Aditya D Mohite
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
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Morrow DJ, Hautzinger MP, Lafayette DP, Scheeler JM, Dang L, Leng M, Kohler DD, Wheaton AM, Fu Y, Guzei IA, Tang J, Jin S, Wright JC. Disentangling Second Harmonic Generation from Multiphoton Photoluminescence in Halide Perovskites using Multidimensional Harmonic Generation. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6551-6559. [PMID: 32700916 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Layered two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) halide perovskites are an intriguing class of semiconductors being explored for their linear and nonlinear optical and ferroelectric properties. Second harmonic generation (SHG) is commonly used to screen for noncentrosymmetric and ferroelectric materials. However, SHG measurements of perovskites can be obscured by their intense multiphoton photoluminescence (mPL). Here, we apply multidimensional harmonic generation as a method to eliminate the complications from mPL. By scanning and correlating both excitation and emission frequencies, we unambiguously assess whether a material supports SHG by examining if an emission feature scales as twice the excitation frequency. Measurements of a series of n = 2, 3 RP perovskites reveal that, contrary to previous belief, n-butylammonium (BA) RP perovskites are not SHG-active and thus centrosymmetric, but RP perovskites with phenylethylammonium (PEA) and 2-thiophenemethylammonium (TPMA) spacer cations display SHG. This work establishes multidimensional harmonic generation as a definitive method to measure SHG in halide perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darien J Morrow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Matthew P Hautzinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - David P Lafayette
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jason M Scheeler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Lianna Dang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Meiying Leng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074 Hubei, P.R. China
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074 Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Daniel D Kohler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Amelia M Wheaton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Yongping Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Ilia A Guzei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jiang Tang
- Sargent Joint Research Center, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074 Hubei, P.R. China
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074 Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Song Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - John C Wright
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Redondo-Obispo C, Suárez I, Quesada SJ, Ripolles TS, Martínez-Pastor JP, Álvarez AL, de Andrés A, Coya C. Enhanced Nonlinear Optical Coefficients of MAPbI 3 Thin Films by Bismuth Doping. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:2188-2194. [PMID: 32068409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The poor photostability under ambient conditions of hybrid halide perovskites has hindered their recently explored promising nonlinear optical properties. Here, we show how Bi3+ can partially substitute Pb2+ homogeneously in the commonly studied MAPbI3, improving both environmental stability and photostability under high laser irradiation. Bi content around 2 atom % produces thin films where the nonlinear refractive (n2) and absorptive coefficients (β), which modify the refractive index (Δn) of the material with light fluence (I), increase up to factors of 4 and 3.5, respectively, compared to undoped MAPbI3. Higher doping inhibits the nonlinear parameters; however, the samples show higher fluence damage thresholds. Thus, these results provide a road map on how MAPbI3 can be engineered for practical cost-effective nonlinear applications by means of Bi doping, including optical limiting devices and multiple-harmonic generation into optoelectronics devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Redondo-Obispo
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Madrid, Spain
| | - I Suárez
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Madrid, Spain
- UMDO, Instituto de Ciencia de los Materiales, Universidad de Valencia, 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - S J Quesada
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Madrid, Spain
| | - T S Ripolles
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Madrid, Spain
| | - J P Martínez-Pastor
- UMDO, Instituto de Ciencia de los Materiales, Universidad de Valencia, 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - A L Álvarez
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Madrid, Spain
| | - A de Andrés
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Coya
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Madrid, Spain
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Xu J, Li X, Xiong J, Yuan C, Semin S, Rasing T, Bu XH. Halide Perovskites for Nonlinear Optics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1806736. [PMID: 30883987 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Halide perovskites provide an ideal platform for engineering highly promising semiconductor materials for a wide range of applications in optoelectronic devices, such as photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, and lasers. More recently, increasing research efforts have been directed toward the nonlinear optical properties of halide perovskites because of their unique chemical and electronic properties, which are of crucial importance for advancing their applications in next-generation photonic devices. Here, the current state of the art in the field of nonlinear optics (NLO) in halide perovskite materials is reviewed. Halide perovskites are categorized into hybrid organic/inorganic and pure inorganic ones, and their second-, third-, and higher-order NLO properties are summarized. The performance of halide perovskite materials in NLO devices such as upconversion lasers and ultrafast laser modulators is analyzed. Several potential perspectives and research directions of these promising materials for nonlinear optics are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jianbo Xiong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Chunqing Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Sergey Semin
- Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo Rasing
- Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Xian-He Bu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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Zheng Z, Li D, Liu Z, Peng HQ, Sung HHY, Kwok RTK, Williams ID, Lam JWY, Qian J, Tang BZ. Aggregation-Induced Nonlinear Optical Effects of AIEgen Nanocrystals for Ultradeep In Vivo Bioimaging. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1904799. [PMID: 31523871 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical microscopy has become a powerful tool in bioimaging research due to its unique capabilities of deep optical sectioning, high-spatial-resolution imaging, and 3D reconstruction of biological specimens. Developing organic fluorescent probes with strong nonlinear optical effects, in particular third-harmonic generation (THG), is promising for exploiting nonlinear microscopic imaging for biomedical applications. Herein, a simple method for preparing organic nanocrystals based on an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogen (DCCN) with bright near-infrared emission is successfully demonstrated. Aggregation-induced nonlinear optical effects, including two-photon fluorescence (2PF), three-photon fluorescence (3PF), and THG, of DCCN are observed in nanoparticles, especially for crystalline nanoparticles. The nanocrystals of DCCN are successfully applied for 2PF microscopy at 1040 nm NIR-II excitation and THG microscopy at 1560 nm NIR-II excitation, respectively, to reconstruct the 3D vasculature of the mouse cerebral vasculature. Impressively, the THG microscopy provides much higher spatial resolution and brightness than the 2PF microscopy and can visualize small vessels with diameters of ≈2.7 µm at the deepest depth of 800 µm in a mouse brain. Thus, this is expected to inspire new insights into the development of advanced AIE materials with multiple nonlinearity, in particular THG, for multimodal nonlinear optical microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dongyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentations, Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhiyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui-Qing Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Herman H Y Sung
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ryan T K Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ian D Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentations, Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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Zhou F, Abdelwahab I, Leng K, Loh KP, Ji W. 2D Perovskites with Giant Excitonic Optical Nonlinearities for High-Performance Sub-Bandgap Photodetection. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1904155. [PMID: 31592567 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) perovskites have proved to be promising semiconductors for photovoltaics, photonics, and optoelectronics. Here, a strategy is presented toward the realization of highly efficient, sub-bandgap photodetection by employing excitonic effects in 2D Ruddlesden-Popper-type halide perovskites (RPPs). On near resonance with 2D excitons, layered RPPs exhibit degenerate two-photon absorption (D-2PA) coefficients as giant as 0.2-0.64 cm MW- 1 . 2D RPP-based sub-bandgap photodetectors show excellent detection performance in the near-infrared (NIR): a two-photon-generated current responsivity up to 1.2 × 104 cm2 W-2 s-1 , two orders of magnitude greater than InAsSbP-pin photodiodes; and a dark current as low as 2 pA at room temperature. More intriguingly, layered-RPP detectors are highly sensitive to the light polarization of incoming photons, showing a considerable anisotropy in their D-2PA coefficients (β[001] /β[011] = 2.4, 70% larger than the ratios reported for zinc-blende semiconductors). By controlling the thickness of the inorganic quantum well, it is found that layered RPPs of (C4 H9 NH3 )2 (CH3 NH3 )Pb2 I7 can be utilized for three-photon photodetection in the NIR region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhou
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117551, Singapore
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
| | - Ibrahim Abdelwahab
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
- Center for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
| | - Kai Leng
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
- Center for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
- Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore (SERIS), Singapore, 117574, Singapore
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
- Center for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
- Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore (SERIS), Singapore, 117574, Singapore
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science and Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117551, Singapore
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science and Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, P. R. China
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaibo Zheng
- Department of Chemistry , Technical University of Denmark , DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby , Denmark
- Department of Chemical Physics and NanoLund , Lund University , P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund , Sweden
| | - Tönu Pullerits
- Department of Chemical Physics and NanoLund , Lund University , P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund , Sweden
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Grinblat G, Abdelwahab I, Nielsen MP, Dichtl P, Leng K, Oulton RF, Loh KP, Maier SA. Ultrafast All-Optical Modulation in 2D Hybrid Perovskites. ACS NANO 2019; 13:9504-9510. [PMID: 31314482 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) hybrid organic-inorganic Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites (RPPs) have been recently shown to exhibit large nonlinear optical properties due to the strong excitonic effects present in their multiple quantum wells. In this work, we use nondegenerate pump-probe spectroscopy in the 600-1000 nm wavelength range to study the influence of nonlinear effects on the ultrafast dynamics of 2D RPP thin flakes. We find that, under sub-bandgap excitation, ∼100 nm thick perovskite sheets allow up to ∼2% reflectivity modulation within a 20 fs period, due to the nonlinear optical Kerr effect and two-photon absorption, surpassing by a factor of ∼5 the reported nonlinear performance of photonic metasurfaces and single nanoantennas. When the excitation is resonant with the excitonic absorption, the ultrafast nature of the nonlinear response is lost due to the presence of linear absorption creating long-lived free carriers. Our results suggest that 2D RPPs are potential nanoscale all-optical modulators in the visible/near-infrared waveband for applications such as ultrafast information processing, optical data transmission, and high-performance computing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Grinblat
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Ibrahim Abdelwahab
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) and Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117543 , Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117456 , Singapore
| | - Michael P Nielsen
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
- School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering , University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia
| | - Paul Dichtl
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Kai Leng
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) and Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117543 , Singapore
| | - Rupert F Oulton
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) and Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117543 , Singapore
| | - Stefan A Maier
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , 80539 München , Germany
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Abdelwahab I, Dichtl P, Grinblat G, Leng K, Chi X, Park IH, Nielsen MP, Oulton RF, Loh KP, Maier SA. Giant and Tunable Optical Nonlinearity in Single-Crystalline 2D Perovskites due to Excitonic and Plasma Effects. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1902685. [PMID: 31157473 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Materials with large optical nonlinearity, especially in the visible spectral region, are in great demand for applications in all-optical information processing and quantum optics. 2D hybrid Ruddlesden-Popper-type halide perovskites (RPPs) with tunable ultraviolet-to-visible direct bandgaps exhibit large nonlinear optical responses due to the strong excitonic effects present in their multiple quantum wells. Using a microscopic Z-scan setup with femtosecond laser pulses tunable across the visible spectrum, it is demonstrated that single-crystalline lead halide RPP nanosheets possess unprecedentedly large nonlinear refraction and absorption coefficients near excitonic resonances. A room-temperature insulator (exciton)-metal (plasma) Mott transition is found to occur near the exciton resonance of the thinnest qunatum-well RPPs, boosting the nonlinear response. Owing to the rapidly changing refractive index near resonance, a single RPP crystal can exhibit different nonlinear functionalities across the excitation spectrum. The results suggest that RPPs are efficient nonlinear materials in the visible waveband, indicating their potential use in integrated nonlinear photonic applications such as optical modulation and switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Abdelwahab
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) and Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - Paul Dichtl
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Gustavo Grinblat
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Departamento de Física, FCEN, IFIBA-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Kai Leng
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) and Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Xiao Chi
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) and Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Singapore Synchrotron Light Source, National University of Singapore, 5 Research Link, Singapore, 117603, Singapore
| | - In-Hyeok Park
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) and Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Michael P Nielsen
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Rupert F Oulton
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) and Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Stefan A Maier
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539, München, Germany
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Das Adhikari S, Guria AK, Pradhan N. Insights of Doping and the Photoluminescence Properties of Mn-Doped Perovskite Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:2250-2257. [PMID: 30990324 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Doping Mn2+ in semiconductor nanocrystals is widely known for its long-lifetime Mn d-d orange emission. While this had been extensively studied for chalcogenide nanostructures, recently this was also extended to perovskite nanocrystals. Being that CsPbCl3 has a wide bandgap, the exciton energy transfer was found to be more efficient, but the dopant-induced photoluminescence was also obtained for layered perovskites and quantum-confined CsPbBr3 nanocrystals. In recent years significant advances have been achieved in understanding the physical insights of doping following various approaches and optimizing the conditions for obtaining intense dopant emission. In addition, several new properties associated with these doped nanocrystals were also reported, and by modulating the compositions, the host bandgap and the dopant emission positions were also tuned. Keeping all of these developments in mind, this Perspective focuses on the insights of doping and the photoluminescence properties of Mn2+-doped perovskite nanocrystals. In addition, it also proposes possible future prospects of both synthesis and optical properties of these nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrat Das Adhikari
- School of Materials Science and Technical Research Center , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata , India 700032
| | - Amit K Guria
- School of Materials Science and Technical Research Center , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata , India 700032
| | - Narayan Pradhan
- School of Materials Science and Technical Research Center , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Kolkata , India 700032
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Lu S, Zhou F, Zhang Q, Eda G, Ji W. Layered Hybrid Perovskites for Highly Efficient Three-Photon Absorbers: Theory and Experimental Observation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1801626. [PMID: 30828533 PMCID: PMC6382301 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Multiphoton absorption may find many technological applications, such as enhancing the conversion efficiency of solar cells by the utilization of sub-band-energy photons, below-bandgap photodetection through the simultaneous absorption of several infrared photons for photocurrent generation, or light frequency upconversion for high-resolution, 3D imaging. To enhance multiphoton absorption in semiconducting materials, one of the strategies is to explore low-dimensional excitons. Here, a quantum perturbation theory on a giant enhancement in three-photon absorption (3PA) arising from 2D excitons in multilayered crystals of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites is presented. The maximal 3PA coefficient is predicted to be in the range of 2-7 cm3 GW-2 at 1100 nm, the largest values reported so far for any 2D and bulk semiconductors at room temperature. Excellent agreement between theory and the experimental findings unambiguously demonstrates a pivotal role in the enhancement of 3PA played by 2D excitons. The theory predicts that the resonant 3PA coefficient should be enhanced further by at least two orders of magnitude with very low temperature. The findings are essential for understanding giant 3PA arising from 2D excitons in layered hybrid perovskites and may open new pathways for highly efficient conversion from infrared light energy to either electrical energy or higher-frequency light emission/lasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunbin Lu
- SZU‐NUS Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science and TechnologyInternational Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong518060P. R. China
- Department of PhysicsNational University of SingaporeSingapore117551Singapore
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of PhysicsNational University of SingaporeSingapore117551Singapore
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of PhysicsNational University of SingaporeSingapore117551Singapore
| | - Goki Eda
- Department of PhysicsNational University of SingaporeSingapore117551Singapore
- Department of ChemistryNational University of SingaporeSingapore117542Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D MaterialsNational University of SingaporeScience Drive 2Singapore117546Singapore
| | - Wei Ji
- SZU‐NUS Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science and TechnologyInternational Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong518060P. R. China
- Department of PhysicsNational University of SingaporeSingapore117551Singapore
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Katan C, Mercier N, Even J. Quantum and Dielectric Confinement Effects in Lower-Dimensional Hybrid Perovskite Semiconductors. Chem Rev 2019; 119:3140-3192. [PMID: 30638375 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid halide perovskites are now superstar materials leading the field of low-cost thin film photovoltaics technologies. Following the surge for more efficient and stable 3D bulk alloys, multilayered halide perovskites and colloidal perovskite nanostructures appeared in 2016 as viable alternative solutions to this challenge, largely exceeding the original proof of concept made in 2009 and 2014, respectively. This triggered renewed interest in lower-dimensional hybrid halide perovskites and at the same time increasingly more numerous and differentiated applications. The present paper is a review of the past and present literature on both colloidal nanostructures and multilayered compounds, emphasizing that availability of accurate structural information is of dramatic importance to reach a fair understanding of quantum and dielectric confinement effects. Layered halide perovskites occupy a special place in the history of halide perovskites, with a large number of seminal papers in the 1980s and 1990s. In recent years, the rationalization of structure-properties relationship has greatly benefited from new theoretical approaches dedicated to their electronic structures and optoelectronic properties, as well as a growing number of contributions based on modern experimental techniques. This is a necessary step to provide in-depth tools to decipher their extensive chemical engineering possibilities which surpass the ones of their 3D bulk counterparts. Comparisons to classical semiconductor nanostructures and 2D van der Waals heterostructures are also stressed. Since 2015, colloidal nanostructures have undergone a quick development for applications based on light emission. Although intensively studied in the last two years by various spectroscopy techniques, the description of quantum and dielectric confinement effects on their optoelectronic properties is still in its infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudine Katan
- Univ Rennes, ENSCR, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226 , F-35000 Rennes , France
| | - Nicolas Mercier
- MOLTECH ANJOU, UMR-CNRS 6200, Université d'Angers , 2 Bd Lavoisier , 49045 Angers , France
| | - Jacky Even
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON - UMR 6082 , F-35000 Rennes , France
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Yin T, Liu B, Yan J, Fang Y, Chen M, Chong WK, Jiang S, Kuo JL, Fang J, Liang P, Wei S, Loh KP, Sum TC, White TJ, Shen ZX. Pressure-Engineered Structural and Optical Properties of Two-Dimensional (C 4H 9NH 3) 2PbI 4 Perovskite Exfoliated nm-Thin Flakes. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:1235-1241. [PMID: 30561996 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b07765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Resolving the structure-property relationships of two-dimensional (2D) organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites is essential for the development of photovoltaic and photoelectronic devices. Here, pressure (0-10 GPa) was applied to 2D hybrid perovskite flakes mechanically exfoliated from butylammonium lead halide single crystals, (C4H9NH3)2PbI4, from which we observed a series of changes of the strong excitonic emissions in the photoluminescence spectra. By correlating with in situ high-pressure X-ray diffraction results, we examine successfully the relationship between structural modifications in the inorganic PbI42- layer and their excitonic properties. During the transition between Pbca (1b) phase and Pbca (1a) phase at around 0.1 GPa, the decrease in ⟨Pb-I-Pb⟩ bond angle and increase in Pb-I bond length lead to an abrupt blue shift of the excitonic bandgap. The presence of the P21/a phase above 1.4 GPa increases the ⟨Pb-I-Pb⟩ bond angle and decreases the Pb-I bond length, leading to a deep red shift of the excitonic bandgap. The total band gap narrowing of ∼350 meV to 2.03 eV at 5.3 GPa before amorphization, facilitates (C4H9NH3)2PbI4 as a much better solar absorber. Moreover, phase transitions inevitably modify the carrier lifetime of (C4H9NH3)2PbI4, where an initial 150 ps at ambient phase is prolongated to 190 ps in the Pbca (1a) phase along with enhanced photoluminescence (PL), originating from pressure-induced strong radiative recombination of trapped excitons.The onset of P21/a phase shortens significantly the carrier lifetime to 53 ps along with a weak PL emission due to pressure-induced severe lattice distortion and amorphization. High-pressure study on (C4H9NH3)2PbI4 nm-thin flakes may provide insights into the mechanisms for synthetically designing novel 2D hybrid perovskite based photoelectronic devices and solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yin
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University 637371 , Singapore
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) , 3 Science Drive 3 117543 , Singapore.,Division of Physics and Applied Physics , School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS) , NTU, 21 Nanyang Link 637371 , Singapore
| | - Jiaxu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech) , 30 South Puzhu Road , Nanjing 211816 , P. R. China.,Division of Physics and Applied Physics , School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS) , NTU, 21 Nanyang Link 637371 , Singapore
| | - Yanan Fang
- ERI@N , Research Techno Plaza , X-Frontier Block, Level 5, 50 Nanyang Drive 637553 , Singapore
| | - Minghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Applications (Ministry of Education) , Harbin University of Science and Technology , Harbin 150080 , P. R. China
| | - Wee Kiang Chong
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics , School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS) , NTU, 21 Nanyang Link 637371 , Singapore.,Energy Research Institute @ NTU, ERI@N, Interdisciplinary Graduate School , Nanyang Technological University 639798 , Singapore
| | - Shaojie Jiang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program , State University of New York at Binghamton Binghamton , New York 13902 , United States
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences , Academia Sinica , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Jiye Fang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program , State University of New York at Binghamton Binghamton , New York 13902 , United States
| | - Pei Liang
- College of Optical and Electronic Technology , China Jiliang University , 310018 Hangzhou , China
| | - Shuhuai Wei
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center , 100094 Beijing , China
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) , 3 Science Drive 3 117543 , Singapore
| | - Tze Chien Sum
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics , School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS) , NTU, 21 Nanyang Link 637371 , Singapore
| | - Timothy J White
- ERI@N , Research Techno Plaza , X-Frontier Block, Level 5, 50 Nanyang Drive 637553 , Singapore
| | - Ze Xiang Shen
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University 637371 , Singapore.,Division of Physics and Applied Physics , School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (SPMS) , NTU, 21 Nanyang Link 637371 , Singapore
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Ferrando A, Martínez Pastor JP, Suárez I. Toward Metal Halide Perovskite Nonlinear Photonics. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:5612-5623. [PMID: 30180577 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b01967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of controlling light using the nonlinear optical properties of photonic devices opens new points of view in information and communications technology applications. In this Perspective, we review and analyze the potential role of metal halide perovskites in a framework different from their usual one in photovoltaic and light-emitting devices, namely, the one where they can play as nonlinear photonic materials. We contextualize this new role by comparing the few extant results on their nonlinear optical properties to those of other known nonlinear materials. As a result of this analysis, we provide a vision of future developments in photonics that can be expected from this new perspective on metal halide perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Ferrando
- Departament d'Òptica i Optometria i Ciències dela Visió , Universitat de València , Dr Moliner, 50 , 46100 Burjassot, Valencia , Spain
| | - Juan P Martínez Pastor
- UMDO, Instituto de Ciencia de los Materiales , Universidad de Valencia , P.O. Box 22085, 46071 Valencia , Spain
| | - Isaac Suárez
- UMDO, Instituto de Ciencia de los Materiales , Universidad de Valencia , P.O. Box 22085, 46071 Valencia , Spain
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