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Hou H, Yang Y, Chen R, Guo Z. Osthole protects H9c2 cardiomyocytes against trastuzumab-induced damage by enhancing autophagy through the p38MAPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 93:105704. [PMID: 37769856 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Trastuzumab (TRZ) is a novel targeted anti-tumor agent that significantly improve the survival of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) positive breast cancer. However, its clinical application is limited due to the side effects of cardiotoxicity. Osthole (OST), a coumarin derivative isolated from Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson, has previously demonstrated cardioprotective effects. The aim of this study was to observe the protective effect of OST on TRZ-induced cardiomyocytes damage and to explore its potential mechanism. The results showed that OST pretreatment could significantly inhibit TRZ-induced cardiomyocytes damage, markedly increase the ratio of LC3II/I and Beclin-1 protein expression, and reduce the protein expression of p62. OST pretreatment significantly attenuated oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by TRZ, as evidenced by reducing intracellular ROS level, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and Caspase-3 protein expression. Additionally, OST markedly increased the phosphorylation level of p38MAPK and decreased the mTOR phosphorylation level. However, the effects of OST on enhancing autophagy, reducing oxidative stress, apoptosis, and the phosphorylation level of mTOR were reversed after the addition of 3-MA or SB203580. Molecular docking results indicated that OST exerted a good binding ability with the p38MAPK protein. Our findings suggested that OST could protect TRZ-induced cardiomyocytes damage by enhancing autophagy via the p38MAPK/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Hou
- Clinic Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; Department of Pharmacy, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou 635000, China
| | - Yaping Yang
- Clinic Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Clinic Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Zhiping Guo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Management, Department of Health Management Center, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan 451464, China.
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Gamal M, Tallima H, Azzazy HME, Abdelnaser A. Impact of HepG2 Cells Glutathione Depletion on Neutral Sphingomyelinases mRNA Levels and Activity. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5005-5017. [PMID: 37367067 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45060318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is a prevalent form of cancer worldwide. While research has shown that increasing sphingomyelin (SM) hydrolysis by activating the cell surface membrane-associated neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) can control cell proliferation and apoptosis, the role of total glutathione depletion in inducing tumor cell apoptosis via nSMase2 activation is still under investigation. Conversely, glutathione-mediated inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation is necessary for the enzymatic activity of nSMase1 and nSMase3, increased ceramide levels, and cell apoptosis. This study evaluated the effects of depleting total glutathione in HepG2 cells using buthionine sulfoximine (BSO). The study assessed nSMases RNA levels and activities, intracellular ceramide levels, and cell proliferation using RT-qPCR, Amplex red neutral sphingomyelinase fluorescence assay, and colorimetric assays, respectively. The results indicated a lack of nSMase2 mRNA expression in treated and untreated HepG2 cells. Depletion of total glutathione resulted in a significant increase in mRNA levels but a dramatic reduction in the enzymatic activity of nSMase1 and nSMase3, a rise in ROS levels, a decrease in intracellular levels of ceramide, and an increase in cell proliferation. These findings suggest that total glutathione depletion may exacerbate liver cancer (HCC) and not support using total glutathione-depleting agents in HCC management. It is important to note that these results are limited to HepG2 cells, and further studies are necessary to determine if these effects will also occur in other cell lines. Additional research is necessary to explore the role of total glutathione depletion in inducing tumor cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Gamal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Hatem Tallima
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Hassan M E Azzazy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Anwar Abdelnaser
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
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Wawrowicz K, Majkowska-Pilip A, Szwed M, Żelechowska-Matysiak K, Chajduk E, Bilewicz A. Oxidative Status as an Attribute for Selective Antitumor Activity of Platinum-Containing Nanoparticles against Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314773. [PMID: 36499101 PMCID: PMC9736793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Overcoming the limitations for efficient and selective drug delivery is one of the most challenging obstacles for newly designed anticancer agents. In this study, we present two types of platinum-based nanoparticles (NP), ultrasmall 2 nm PtNPs and core-shell 30 nm Au@Pt, which can be highly cytotoxic in an oxidative environment and remain biologically inactive in cells with lower oxidative status. Our research highlighted the differences in platinum nanoparticle-induced chemotoxicity and is the first study examining its mechanism as a substantial aspect of Au@Pt/PtNPs biological activity. Selectively induced oxidative stress was found to be a primary trigger of NPs' toxicity. Significant differences between Au@Pt and PtNPs were observed especially during 24 h treatment, due to successful intranuclear PtNPs location (~13% of internalized fraction). Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-level induced from both NPs types were similar, while reduction of reduced glutathione (GSH) intracellular content was stronger after treatment with PtNPs. Any biological activity was found in HER2+ breast cancer cells, which have only slightly increased oxidative status. Platinum-containing nanoparticles are an interesting tool for the improvement of selectivity in anticancer therapies against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Due to intranuclear uptake, 2 nm PtNPs seems to be more promising for further research for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Wawrowicz
- Centre of Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16 St., 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Majkowska-Pilip
- Centre of Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16 St., 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Wołoska 137 St., 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Szwed
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Kinga Żelechowska-Matysiak
- Centre of Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16 St., 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewelina Chajduk
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Techniques, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16 St., 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksander Bilewicz
- Centre of Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16 St., 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Luo X, Xie D, Hu J, Su J, Xue Z. Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Biomarkers for Populations with Occupational Exposure to Nanomaterials: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2182. [PMID: 36358554 PMCID: PMC9687069 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to nanomaterials (NMs) is suggested to have the potential to cause harmful health effects. Activations of oxidative stress and inflammation are assumed as main contributors to NM-induced toxicity. Thus, oxidative stress- and inflammation-related indicators may serve as biomarkers for occupational risk assessment. However, the correlation between NM exposure and these biomarkers remains controversial. This study aimed to perform a meta-analysis to systematically investigate the alterations of various biomarkers after NM exposure. Twenty-eight studies were found eligible by searching PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases. The pooled results showed NM exposure was significantly associated with increases in the levels of malonaldehyde (MDA) [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 2.18; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.50-2.87], 4-hydroxy-2-nonhenal (HNE) (SMD = 2.05; 95% CI, 1.13-2.96), aldehydes C6-12 (SMD = 3.45; 95% CI, 2.80-4.10), 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OHG) (SMD = 2.98; 95% CI, 2.22-3.74), 5-hydroxymethyl uracil (5-OHMeU) (SMD = 1.90; 95% CI, 1.23-2.58), o-tyrosine (o-Tyr) (SMD = 1.81; 95% CI, 1.22-2.41), 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NOTyr) (SMD = 2.63; 95% CI, 1.74-3.52), interleukin (IL)-1β (SMD = 1.76; 95% CI, 0.87-2.66), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (SMD = 1.52; 95% CI, 1.03-2.01), myeloperoxidase (MPO) (SMD = 0.25; 95% CI, 0.16-0.34) and fibrinogen (SMD = 0.11; 95% CI, 0.02-0.21), and decreases in the levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (SMD = -0.31; 95% CI, -0.52--0.11) and IL-6 soluble receptor (IL-6sR) (SMD = -0.18; 95% CI, -0.28--0.09). Subgroup analysis indicated oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA, HNE, aldehydes C6-12, 8-OHG, 5-OHMeU, o-Tyr, 3-NOTyr and GPx) in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and blood samples were strongly changed by NM exposure; inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1β, TNF-α, MPO, fibrinogen and IL-6sR) were all significant in EBC, blood, sputum and nasal lavage samples. In conclusion, our findings suggest that these oxidative stress and inflammatory indicators may be promising biomarkers for the biological monitoring of occupationally NM-exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Luo
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Dongli Xie
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianchen Hu
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jing Su
- Shanghai Institute of Spacecraft Equipment, 251 Huaning Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhebin Xue
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
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Schreier HK, Wiehe RS, Ricchetti M, Wiesmüller L. Polymerase ζ is Involved in Mitochondrial DNA Maintenance Processes in Concert with APE1 Activity. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050879. [PMID: 35627264 PMCID: PMC9141751 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damaged by reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggers so far poorly understood processes of mtDNA maintenance that are coordinated by a complex interplay among DNA repair, DNA degradation, and DNA replication. This study was designed to identify the proteins involved in mtDNA maintenance by applying a special long-range PCR, reflecting mtDNA integrity in the minor arc. A siRNA screening of literature-based candidates was performed under conditions of enforced oxidative phosphorylation revealing the functional group of polymerases and therein polymerase ζ (POLZ) as top hits. Thus, POLZ knockdown caused mtDNA accumulation, which required the activity of the base excision repair (BER) nuclease APE1, and was followed by compensatory mtDNA replication determined by the single-cell mitochondrial in situ hybridization protocol (mTRIP). Quenching reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria unveiled an additional, ROS-independent involvement of POLZ in the formation of a typical deletion in the minor arc region. Together with data demonstrating the localization of POLZ in mitochondria, we suggest that POLZ plays a significant role in mtDNA turnover, particularly under conditions of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Katrin Schreier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (H.K.S.); (R.S.W.)
| | - Rahel Stefanie Wiehe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (H.K.S.); (R.S.W.)
| | - Miria Ricchetti
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institute Pasteur, CEDEX 15, 75724 Paris, France;
| | - Lisa Wiesmüller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (H.K.S.); (R.S.W.)
- Correspondence:
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