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Alamro F, Ahmed HA, Alharbi NS, Al-Kadhi NS, Alhaddadd OA, Naoum MM, El-Atawy MA. Mesophase Behavior of Molecules Containing Three Benzene Rings Connected via Imines and Ester Linkages. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:31601-31610. [PMID: 39072071 PMCID: PMC11270723 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Ten new compounds based on the methineazo-azomethine (CH=N-N=CH) and ester linking groups were prepared and investigated for their mesophase behavior and optical stability, and liquid crystals of 4-substituted phenyl methineazo-azomethine phenyl 4-alkoxybenzoates, I n a-e , were investigated. An alkoxy group with a length between 8 and 12 carbons is attached to the phenyl eater wing, while the other terminal ring is substituted in its 4-position with one of the polar NO2, F, Cl, CH3O, and N(CH3)2 groups. The molecular structures of the newly prepared compounds were verified by using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis. Differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscopy were applied to investigate their mesophase behavior. All members of the prepared homologous series showed excellent thermal mesomorphic stability over wide temperature ranges. The geometrical and thermal properties of the investigated compounds were verified via density functional theory (DFT). The theoretical results revealed that all of the compounds are almost planar. Finally, the experimentally established values of the mesophase data were correlated with the predicted quantum chemical characteristics evaluated by DFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fowzia
S. Alamro
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess
Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hoda A. Ahmed
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo
University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | - Nuha Salamah Alharbi
- Chemistry
Department, College of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Almunawrah, Medina 30002, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada S. Al-Kadhi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess
Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omaima A. Alhaddadd
- Chemistry
Department, College of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Almunawrah, Medina 30002, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdi M. Naoum
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo
University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. El-Atawy
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria
University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
- Chemistry
Department, College of Sciences, Taibah
University, Yanbu 30799, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Majoinen J, Gustavsson L, Wani O, Kiefer S, Liljeström V, Rojas OJ, Rannou P, Ikkala O. Controlling the Nematic Liquid Crystallinity of Cellulose Nanocrystals with an Alcohol Ethoxy Sulfonate Surfactant. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:3909-3919. [PMID: 38507559 PMCID: PMC11238325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are biobased colloidal nanorods that have unlocked new opportunities in the area of sustainable functional nanomaterials including structural films and coatings, biomedical devices, energy, sensing, and composite materials. While selective light reflection and sensing develop from the typical chiral nematic (cholesteric, Nem*) liquid crystallinity exhibited by CNCs, a wealth of technologies would benefit from a nematic liquid crystal (LC) with CNC uniaxial alignment. Therefore, this study answers the central question of whether surfactant complexation suppresses CNC chirality in favor of nematic lyotropic and thermotropic liquid crystallinity. Therein, we use a common surfactant having both nonionic and anionic blocks, namely, oligo(ethylene glycol) alkyl-3-sulfopropyl diether potassium salt (an alcohol ethoxy sulfonate (AES)). AES forms complexes with CNCs in toluene (a representative for nonpolar organic solvent) via hydrogen bonding with an AES' oligo(ethylene glycol) block. A sufficiently high AES weight fraction endows the dispersibility of CNC in toluene. Lyotropic liquid crystallinity with Schlieren textures containing two- and four-point brush defects is observed in polarized optical microscopy (POM), along with the suppression of the cholesteric fingerprint textures. The results suggest a nematic (Nem) phase in toluene. Moreover, thermotropic liquid crystallinity is observed by incorporating an excess of AES, in the absence of an additional solvent and upon mild heating. The Schlieren textures suggest a nematic system that undergoes uniaxial alignment under mild shear. Importantly, replacing AES with a corresponding nonionic surfactant does not lead to liquid crystalline properties, suggesting electrostatic structural control of the charged end group of AES. Overall, we introduce a new avenue to suppress CNC chirality to achieve nematic structures, which resolves the long-sought uniaxial alignment of CNCs in filaments, composite materials, and optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Majoinen
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
- Technical Research Centre of Finland VTT, Biomaterial Processing and Products, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Lotta Gustavsson
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Owies Wani
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Samira Kiefer
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Ville Liljeström
- Nanomicroscopy Center, OtaNano, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Patrice Rannou
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LEPMI, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Olli Ikkala
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
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3
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Amit S, Gomez-Maldonado D, Bish T, Peresin MS, Davis VA. Properties of APTES-Modified CNC Films. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:16572-16580. [PMID: 38617654 PMCID: PMC11007690 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Sulfated cellulose nanocrystals' (CNCs') facile aqueous dispersibility enables producing films, fibers, and other materials using only water as a solvent but prevents using sulfated CNCs in applications that require water immersion. We report that modifying CNCs with 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane (APTES) via a simple, single-pot reaction scheme dramatically improves the hydrolytic stability of CNC films. The effects of APTES modification on CNCs' properties were studied using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, atomic force and optical microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic light scattering, and ultimate analysis. Substituting a mere 12.6% of the CNCs' available hydroxyl groups with APTES dramatically increased the hydrolytic stability of shear cast films while only having minor impacts on their mechanical properties. In addition, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCMD) and multiparametric surface plasmon resonance (MP-SPR) studies showed that the CNC-APTES films also had a greater irreversible binding with carbofuran, a pesticide and emerging contaminant. These results highlight that APTES modification is a promising method for increasing the utility of sulfated CNCs in sensors, adsorbents, and other applications requiring water immersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadat
Kamal Amit
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, 212 Ross Hall, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Diego Gomez-Maldonado
- Sustainable
Biomaterials Lab, College of Forestry, Wildlife, and the Environment, Auburn University, 602 Duncan Dr, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Tiana Bish
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, 212 Ross Hall, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Maria S. Peresin
- Sustainable
Biomaterials Lab, College of Forestry, Wildlife, and the Environment, Auburn University, 602 Duncan Dr, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Virginia A. Davis
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, 212 Ross Hall, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
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4
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Yang Z, Jaiswal A, Yin Q, Lin X, Liu L, Li J, Liu X, Xu Z, Li JJ, Yong KT. Chiral nanomaterials in tissue engineering. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:5014-5041. [PMID: 38323627 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05003c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Addressing significant medical challenges arising from tissue damage and organ failure, the field of tissue engineering has evolved to provide revolutionary approaches for regenerating functional tissues and organs. This involves employing various techniques, including the development and application of novel nanomaterials. Among them, chiral nanomaterials comprising non-superimposable nanostructures with their mirror images have recently emerged as innovative biomaterial candidates to guide tissue regeneration due to their unique characteristics. Chiral nanomaterials including chiral fibre supramolecular hydrogels, polymer-based chiral materials, self-assembling peptides, chiral-patterned surfaces, and the recently developed intrinsically chiroptical nanoparticles have demonstrated remarkable ability to regulate biological processes through routes such as enantioselective catalysis and enhanced antibacterial activity. Despite several recent reviews on chiral nanomaterials, limited attention has been given to the specific potential of these materials in facilitating tissue regeneration processes. Thus, this timely review aims to fill this gap by exploring the fundamental characteristics of chiral nanomaterials, including their chiroptical activities and analytical techniques. Also, the recent advancements in incorporating these materials in tissue engineering applications are highlighted. The review concludes by critically discussing the outlook of utilizing chiral nanomaterials in guiding future strategies for tissue engineering design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxu Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- The Biophotonics and Mechanobioengineering Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Arun Jaiswal
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- The Biophotonics and Mechanobioengineering Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Qiankun Yin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
- The Biophotonics and Mechanobioengineering Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Xiaoqi Lin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Jiarong Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Xiaochen Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- The Biophotonics and Mechanobioengineering Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Zhejun Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- The Biophotonics and Mechanobioengineering Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Jiao Jiao Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Ken-Tye Yong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- The Biophotonics and Mechanobioengineering Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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5
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Prasad C, Jeong SG, Won JS, Ramanjaneyulu S, Sangaraju S, Kerru N, Choi HY. Review on recent advances in cellulose nanofibril based hybrid aerogels: Synthesis, properties and their applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129460. [PMID: 38237829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
With the depletion of fossil fuels and growing environmental concerns, the modernized era of technology is in desperate need of sustainable and eco-friendly materials. The industrial sector surely has enough resources to produce cost-effective, renewable, reusable, and sustainable raw materials. The family of very porous solid materials known as aerogels has a variety of exceptional qualities, such as high porosity, high specific surface area, ultralow density, and superior thermal, acoustic, and dielectric properties. As a result, aerogels have the potential to be used for many different purposes, such as absorbents, supercapacitors, energy storage, and catalytic supports. Recently, cellulose nanofibril (CNF) aerogels have attracted remarkable attention for their large-scale utilization because of their high absorption capacity, low density, biodegradability, large surface area, high porosity, and biocompatibility. Recent advancements have confirmed that CNF-based hybrid aerogels can be proposed as the most privileged and promising novel material in various applications. This comprehensive review highlights the recent reports of the CNF-based hybrid aerogels, including their properties and frequent preparation approaches, in addition to their new applications in the areas of fire retardant, water and oil separation, supercapacitors, environmental, and CO2 capture. It is also assumed that this article will promote additional investigation and establish innovative capabilities to enhance novel CNF-based hybrid aerogels with new and exciting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheera Prasad
- Department of Fashion Design, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Geun Jeong
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Sung Won
- Defense Materials & Energy Technology Center, Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon 34060, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sambasivam Sangaraju
- National Water and Energy Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nagaraju Kerru
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Sciences, GITAM Deemed-to-be-University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 562163, India
| | - Hyeong Yeol Choi
- Department of Fashion Design, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Szepke D, Zarzeczny M, Pawlak M, Jarmuła P, Yoshizawa A, Pociecha D, Lewandowski W. Disentangling optical effects in 3D spiral-like, chiral plasmonic assemblies templated by a dark conglomerate liquid crystal. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:074201. [PMID: 38380754 DOI: 10.1063/5.0179535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Chiral thin films showing electronic and plasmonic circular dichroism (CD) are intensively explored for optoelectronic applications. The most studied chiral organic films are the composites exhibiting a helical geometry, which often causes entanglement of circular optical properties with unwanted linear optical effects (linearly polarized absorption or refraction). This entanglement limits tunability and often translates to a complex optical response. This paper describes chiral films based on dark conglomerate, sponge-like, liquid crystal films, which go beyond the usual helical type geometry, waiving the problem of linear contributions to chiroptical electronic and plasmonic properties. First, we show that purely organic films exhibit high electronic CD and circular birefringence, as studied in detail using Mueller matrix polarimetry. Analogous linear properties are two orders of magnitude lower, highlighting the benefits of using the bi-isotropic dark conglomerate liquid crystal for chiroptical purposes. Next, we show that the liquid crystal can act as a template to guide the assembly of chemically compatible gold nanoparticles into 3D spiral-like assemblies. The Mueller matrix polarimetry measurements confirm that these composites exhibit both electronic and plasmonic circular dichroisms, while nanoparticle presence is not compromising the beneficial optical properties of the matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Szepke
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Ludwika Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Zarzeczny
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Ludwika Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Pawlak
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Ludwika Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Jarmuła
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Ludwika Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Atsushi Yoshizawa
- National University Corporation, Hirosaki University, 1 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8560, Japan
| | - Damian Pociecha
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Ludwika Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiktor Lewandowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Ludwika Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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7
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McNeice P, Ten Brink GH, Gran U, Karlson L, Edvinsson R, Feringa BL. Cellulose modification for sustainable polymers: overcoming problems of solubility and processing. RSC SUSTAINABILITY 2024; 2:369-376. [PMID: 38333579 PMCID: PMC10849079 DOI: 10.1039/d3su00317e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Two new water-soluble cellulose derivatives were prepared by a two-step transformation with 1,3-propane sultone, followed by either maleic or succinic anhydride, thereby converting cellulose into a more easily processable form. It was found that the solubility was dependent on both the degree of substitution and the chemical properties of the substituents. The water-soluble cellulose has a molecular weight greater than 100 000 g mol-1 and both the morphology and molecular weight can be tuned by varying the reaction conditions. Furthermore, the flexible, two-step nature of the process allows for expansion of this methodology in order to prepare cellulose analogues for different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter McNeice
- Advanced Research Centre CBBC, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 Groningen 9747AG The Netherlands
| | - Gert H Ten Brink
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 Groningen 9747AG The Netherlands
| | - Ulrik Gran
- Performance Formulations, Nouryon SE-402 58 Göteborg Sweden
| | - Leif Karlson
- Performance Formulations, Nouryon SE-402 58 Göteborg Sweden
| | - Rolf Edvinsson
- Performance Formulations, Nouryon SE-402 58 Göteborg Sweden
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Advanced Research Centre CBBC, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 Groningen 9747AG The Netherlands
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Brakat A, Zhu H. From Forces to Assemblies: van der Waals Forces-Driven Assemblies in Anisotropic Quasi-2D Graphene and Quasi-1D Nanocellulose Heterointerfaces towards Quasi-3D Nanoarchitecture. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2399. [PMID: 37686907 PMCID: PMC10489977 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
In the pursuit of advanced functional materials, the role of low-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) heterointerfaces has recently ignited noteworthy scientific interest, particularly in assemblies that incorporate quasi-2D graphene and quasi-1D nanocellulose derivatives. The growing interest predominantly stems from the potential to fabricate distinct genres of quasi-2D/1D nanoarchitecture governed by vdW forces. Despite the possibilities, the inherent properties of these nanoscale entities are limited by in-plane covalent bonding and the existence of dangling π-bonds, constraints that inhibit emergent behavior at heterointerfaces. An innovative response to these limitations proposes a mechanism that binds multilayered quasi-2D nanosheets with quasi-1D nanochains, capitalizing on out-of-plane non-covalent interactions. The approach facilitates the generation of dangling bond-free iso-surfaces and promotes the functionalization of multilayered materials with exceptional properties. However, a gap still persists in understanding transition and alignment mechanisms in disordered multilayered structures, despite the extensive exploration of monolayer and asymmetric bilayer arrangements. In this perspective, we comprehensively review the sophisticated aspects of multidimensional vdW heterointerfaces composed of quasi-2D/1D graphene and nanocellulose derivatives. Further, we discuss the profound impacts of anisotropy nature and geometric configurations, including in-plane and out-of-plane dynamics on multiscale vdW heterointerfaces. Ultimately, we shed light on the emerging prospects and challenges linked to constructing advanced functional materials in the burgeoning domain of quasi-3D nanoarchitecture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongwei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Korsa G, Konwarh R, Masi C, Ayele A, Haile S. Microbial cellulase production and its potential application for textile industries. ANN MICROBIOL 2023; 73:13. [DOI: 10.1186/s13213-023-01715-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
The textile industry’s previous chemical use resulted in thousands of practical particulate emissions, such as machine component damage and drainage system blockage, both of which have practical implications. Enzyme-based textile processing is cost-effective, environmentally friendly, non-hazardous, and water-saving. The purpose of this review is to give evidence on the potential activity of microbial cellulase in the textile industry, which is mostly confined to the realm of research.
Methods
This review was progressive by considering peer-reviewed papers linked to microbial cellulase production, and its prospective application for textile industries was appraised and produced to develop this assessment. Articles were divided into two categories based on the results of trustworthy educational journals: methods used to produce the diversity of microorganisms through fermentation processes and such approaches used to produce the diversity of microbes through microbial fermentation. Submerged fermentation (SMF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF) techniques are currently being used to meet industrial demand for microbial cellulase production in the bio textile industry.
Results
Microbial cellulase is vital for increasing day to day due to its no side effect on the environment and human health becoming increasingly important. In conventional textile processing, the gray cloth was subjected to a series of chemical treatments that involved breaking the dye molecule’s amino group with Cl − , which started and accelerated dye(-resistant) bond cracking. A cellulase enzyme is primarily derived from a variety of microbial species found in various ecological settings as a biotextile/bio-based product technology for future needs in industrial applications.
Conclusion
Cellulase has been produced for its advantages in cellulose-based textiles, as well as for quality enhancement and fabric maintenance over traditional approaches. Cellulase’s role in the industry was microbial fermentation processes in textile processing which was chosen as an appropriate and environmentally sound solution for a long and healthy lifestyle.
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Abbasi Moud A, Abbasi Moud A. Flow and assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC): A bottom-up perspective - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123391. [PMID: 36716841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cellulosic sources, such as lignocellulose-rich biomass, can be mechanically or acid degraded to produce inclusions called cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). They have several uses in the sectors of biomedicine, photonics, and material engineering because of their biodegradability, renewability, sustainability, and mechanical qualities. The processing and design of CNC-based products are inextricably linked to the rheological behaviour of CNC suspension or in combination with other chemicals, such as surfactants or polymers; in this context, rheology offers a significant link between microstructure and macro scale flow behaviour that is intricately linked to material response in applications. The flow behaviour of CNC items must be properly specified in order to produce goods with value-added characteristics. In this review article, we provide new research on the shear rheology of CNC dispersion and CNC-based hydrogels in the linear and nonlinear regime, with storage modulus values reported to range from ~10-3 to 103 Pa. Applications in technology and material science are also covered simultaneously. We carefully examined the effects of charge density, aspect ratio, concentration, persistence length, alignment, liquid crystal formation, the cause of chirality in CNCs, interfacial behaviour and interfacial rheology, linear and nonlinear viscoelasticity of CNC suspension in bulk and at the interface using the currently available literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Abbasi Moud
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Biomedical Engineering Department, AmirKabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875/4413, PC36+P45 District 6, Tehran, Tehran Province 1591634311, Iran.
| | - Aliyeh Abbasi Moud
- Biomedical Engineering Department, AmirKabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875/4413, PC36+P45 District 6, Tehran, Tehran Province 1591634311, Iran
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11
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Abbasi Moud A. Colloidal and Sedimentation Behavior of Kaolinite Suspension in Presence of Non-Ionic Polyacrylamide (PAM). Gels 2022; 8:807. [PMID: 36547331 PMCID: PMC9777828 DOI: 10.3390/gels8120807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colloidal behavior of kaolinite particles in water was investigated in this manuscript, without and with the addition of a polymer flocculant (non-anionic polyacrylamide (PAM)), using diverse imaging techniques in addition to LUMisizer. The addition of PAM was found to be causing the formation of bridges among particles thus increasing their settling rates to the bottom of the container. To assess the size of flocs and the potential morphology of PAM around particles and their clusters, the state of flocs formation and polymer distribution was analyzed through various microscopical techniques, namely scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). SEM and TEM results revealed that, in the absence of PAM, the floc structure of the sediment was loose and irregularly distributed, while the presence of PAM made the sediment structures greatly denser. Later, using LUMisizer, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and the zeta potential of kaolinite, sedimentation, and colloidal behavior of suspension came under scrutiny. Using LUMisizer, the maximum packing and settling rates of the particles were experimentally obtained as roughly 44 vol%; settling rates were estimated in 63-352 µm/s when centrifugal force varied and, using maximum packing values, compressive yield was estimated to vary between 48-94 kPa. The results of this study are instructive in choosing appropriate polymers and operating conditions to settle clay minerals in tailing ponds. Additionally, the maximum packing of kaolinite particles was simulated with spherical particles with varied polydispersity to connect DLS data to the maximum packing values obtained using LUMisizer; the little discrepancy between simulation and experimental values was found to be encouraging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Abbasi Moud
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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