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Raji Reddy C, Edhara V, Kumari A, Patil AD, Thandavamurthy K. Entry to 4,5-fused coumarin frameworks via radical-promoted alkylative intramolecular C5-annulation. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:6385-6392. [PMID: 39054964 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00942h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
An unprecedented radical-promoted strategy involving a domino alkylation/intramolecular C5-annulation of N-acryloyl-4-amino coumarin has been devised for the assembly of 4,5-fused coumarin scaffolds. This protocol employs silver-catalyzed oxidative decarboxylation for the generation of alkyl radicals from carboxylic acids, which were used as radical precursors. This method has also been extended to a diverse range of carbon-centered radicals generated from 2-oxo acids, a 1,3-dicarbonyl compound, isopropanol and acetone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chada Raji Reddy
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad - 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Venkatareddy Edhara
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Ankita Kumari
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad - 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Amol D Patil
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad - 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
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Citarella A, Vittorio S, Dank C, Ielo L. Syntheses, reactivity, and biological applications of coumarins. Front Chem 2024; 12:1362992. [PMID: 38440776 PMCID: PMC10909861 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1362992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review, covering 2021-2023, explores the multifaceted chemical and pharmacological potential of coumarins, emphasizing their significance as versatile natural derivatives in medicinal chemistry. The synthesis and functionalization of coumarins have advanced with innovative strategies. This enabled the incorporation of diverse functional fragments or the construction of supplementary cyclic architectures, thereby the biological and physico-chemical properties of the compounds obtained were enhanced. The unique chemical structure of coumarine facilitates binding to various targets through hydrophobic interactions pi-stacking, hydrogen bonding, and dipole-dipole interactions. Therefore, this important scaffold exhibits promising applications in uncountable fields of medicinal chemistry (e.g., neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, inflammation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Citarella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Serena Vittorio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Christian Dank
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laura Ielo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Singh S, Ghosh P, Roy R, Behera A, Sahadevan R, Kar P, Sadhukhan S, Sonawane A. 4″-Alkyl EGCG Derivatives Induce Cytoprotective Autophagy Response by Inhibiting EGFR in Glioblastoma Cells. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:2286-2301. [PMID: 38250397 PMCID: PMC10795032 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapy has been proven vital in the last two decades for the treatment of multiple cancer types, including nonsmall cell lung cancer, glioblastoma, breast cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Unfortunately, the majority of approved EGFR inhibitors fall into the drug resistance category because of continuous mutations and acquired resistance. Recently, autophagy has surfaced as one of the emerging underlying mechanisms behind resistance to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Previously, we developed a series of 4″-alkyl EGCG (4″-Cn EGCG, n = 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18) derivatives with enhanced anticancer effects and stability. Therefore, the current study hypothesized that 4″-alkyl EGCG might induce cytoprotective autophagy upon EGFR inhibition, and inhibition of autophagy may lead to improved cytotoxicity. In this study, we have observed growth inhibition and caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in 4″-alkyl EGCG derivative-treated glioblastoma cells (U87-MG). We also confirmed that 4″-alkyl EGCG could inhibit EGFR in the cells, as well as mutant L858R/T790M EGFR, through an in vitro kinase assay. Furthermore, we have found that EGFR inhibition with 4″-alkyl EGCG induces cytoprotective autophagic responses, accompanied by the blockage of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. In addition, cytotoxicity caused by 4″-C10 EGCG, 4″-C12 EGCG, and 4″-C14 EGCG was significantly increased after the inhibition of autophagy by the pharmacological inhibitor chloroquine. These findings enhance our understanding of the autophagic response toward EGFR inhibitors in glioblastoma cells and suggest a potent combinatorial strategy to increase the therapeutic effectiveness of EGFR-TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyam Singh
- Department
of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453 552, India
| | - Priya Ghosh
- Department
of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453 552, India
| | - Rajarshi Roy
- Department
of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453 552, India
| | - Ananyaashree Behera
- School
of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751 024, India
| | - Revathy Sahadevan
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Palakkad, Palakkad, Kerala 678 623, India
| | - Parimal Kar
- Department
of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453 552, India
| | - Sushabhan Sadhukhan
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Palakkad, Palakkad, Kerala 678 623, India
| | - Avinash Sonawane
- Department
of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453 552, India
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Lee S, Kim D, Kang KK, Sung SE, Choi JH, Sung M, Shin CH, Jeon E, Kim D, Kim D, Lee S, Kim HK, Kim K. Toxicity and Biodistribution of Fragmented Polypropylene Microplastics in ICR Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108463. [PMID: 37239816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, polypropylene (PP) is used in various products, thus leading to high daily exposure in humans. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate the toxicological effects, biodistribution, and accumulation of PP microplastics in the human body. In this study, administration of two particle sizes of PP microplastics (approximately 5 and 10-50 µm) did not lead to any significant changes in several toxicological evaluation parameters, including body weight and pathological examination, compared with the control group in ICR mice. Therefore, the approximate lethal dose and no-observed-adverse-effect level of PP microplastics in ICR mice were established as ≥2000 mg/kg. Furthermore, we manufactured cyanine 5.5 carboxylic acid (Cy5.5-COOH)-labeled fragmented PP microplastics to monitor real-time in vivo biodistribution. After oral administration of the Cy5.5-COOH-labeled microplastics to the mice, most of the PP microplastics were detected in the gastrointestinal tract and observed to be out of the body after 24 h in IVIS Spectrum CT. Therefore, this study provides a new insight into the short-term toxicity, distribution, and accumulation of PP microplastics in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijoon Lee
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongseon Kim
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Dahakro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ku Kang
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Eun Sung
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hee Choi
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyoung Sung
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Shin
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Dahakro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Jeon
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongkyu Kim
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongmin Kim
- Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Chenan 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunjong Lee
- Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Chenan 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Kyung Kim
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Kilsoo Kim
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 80 Dahakro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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