1
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Raman S, K V M, S V, Sankar A R. Silicon nanowire piezoresistor and its applications: a review. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:362003. [PMID: 38848697 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad555e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Monocrystalline bulk silicon with doped impurities has been the widely preferred piezoresistive material for the last few decades to realize micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) sensors. However, there has been a growing interest among researchers in the recent past to explore other piezoresistive materials with varied advantages in order to realize ultra-miniature high-sensitivity sensors for area-constrained applications. Of the various alternative piezoresistive materials, silicon nanowires (SiNWs) are an attractive choice due to their benefits of nanometre range dimensions, giant piezoresistive coefficients, and compatibility with the integrated circuit fabrication processes. This review article elucidates the fundamentals of piezoresistance and its existence in various materials, including silicon. It comprehends the piezoresistance effect in SiNWs based on two different biasing techniques, viz., (i) ungated and (ii) gated SiNWs. In addition, it presents the application of piezoresistive SiNWs in MEMS-based pressure sensors, acceleration sensors, flow sensors, resonators, and strain gauges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Raman
- Centre for Innovation and Product Development (CIPD), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Chennai campus, Chennai 600 127, Tamil Nadu, India
- School of Electronics Engineering (SENSE), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Chennai campus, Chennai 600 127, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Meena K V
- Mirrorcle Technologies Inc, Richmond, CA 94804, United States of America
| | - Vetrivel S
- Saint-Gobain Research India, IIT Madras Research Park, Taramani, Chennai 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravi Sankar A
- Centre for Innovation and Product Development (CIPD), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Chennai campus, Chennai 600 127, Tamil Nadu, India
- School of Electronics Engineering (SENSE), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Chennai campus, Chennai 600 127, Tamil Nadu, India
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2
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Sachdeva PK, Gupta S, Bera C. Engineering piezoelectricity at vdW interfaces of quasi-1D chains in 2D Tellurene. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:215701. [PMID: 38335545 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad2805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Low-dimensional piezoelectrics have drawn attention to the realization in nano-scale devices with high integration density. A unique branch of 2D Tellurene bilayers formed of weakly interacting quasi-1D chains via van der Waals forces is found to exhibit piezoelectricity due to the semiconducting band gap and spatial inversion asymmetry. Various bilayer stackings are systematically examined using density functional theory, revealing optimal piezoelectricity when dipole arrangements are identical in each layer. Negative piezoelectricity has been observed in two of the stackings AA' and AA″ while other two stackings exhibit the usual positive piezoelectric effect. The layer-dependent 2D piezoelectricity (∣e222D ∣) increases with an increasing number of layers in contrast to the odd-even effect observed in h-BN and MoS2. Notably, the piezoelectric effect is observed in even-layered structures due to the homogeneous stacking in multilayers. Strain is found to enhance in-plane piezoelectricity by 4.5 times (-66.25 × 10-10C m-1at -5.1% strain) due to the increasing difference in Born effective charges of positively and negatively charged Te-atoms under compressive biaxial strains. Moreover, out-of-plane piezoelectricity is induced by applying an external electric field, thus implying Tellurene is a promising candidate for piezoelectric sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parrydeep Kaur Sachdeva
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Knowledge City, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh 160014, India
- Department of Physics, Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Shuchi Gupta
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Chandan Bera
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Knowledge City, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
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3
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Zhang J, Chen S, Du G, Yu Y, Han W, Xia Q, Jin K, Chen Y. Experimental Observation of Highly Anisotropic Elastic Properties of Two-Dimensional Black Arsenic. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:8970-8977. [PMID: 37782043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropic two-dimensional layered materials with low-symmetry lattices have attracted increasing attention due to their unique orientation-dependent mechanical properties. Black arsenic (b-As), with the puckered structure, exhibits extreme in-plane anisotropy in optical, electrical, and thermal properties. However, experimental research on mechanical properties of b-As is very rare, although theoretical calculations predicted the exotic elastic properties of b-As, such as the anisotropic Young's modulus and negative Poisson's ratio. Herein, experimental observations on highly anisotropic elastic properties of b-As were demonstrated using our developed in situ tensile straining setup based on the effective microelectromechanical system. The cyclic and repeatable load-displacement curves proved that Young's modulus along the zigzag direction was ∼1.6 times greater than that along the armchair direction, while the anisotropic ratio of ultimate strain reached ∼2.5, attributed to the hinge structure in the armchair direction. This study could provide significant insights into the design of novel anisotropic materials and explore their potential applications in nanomechanics and nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences (ARIMS), Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Shang Chen
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences (ARIMS), Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Guoshuai Du
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences (ARIMS), Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yunfei Yu
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences (ARIMS), Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Wuxiao Han
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences (ARIMS), Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Qinglin Xia
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Ke Jin
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences (ARIMS), Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yabin Chen
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences (ARIMS), Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
- BIT Chongqing Institute of Microelectronics and Microsystems, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China
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4
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Zhang L, Wu X, Li J. Sn-doped BiOI assisted the excellent photocatalytic performance of multi-shelled ZnO microspheres under simulated sunlight. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133309. [PMID: 34919917 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To deal with the environmental pollution and energy crises, it is indispensable to find green and efficient means to overcome these challenges. Herein, the Sn-doped BiOI modified multi-shelled ZnO heterojunction composite with a high performance are designed and prepared. The results prove the formation of heterojunction structure in the composites and the morphology is shown as the multi-shelled microsphere. The performances of the composites are evaluated by different kinds of antibiotic degradation and H2-evolution under simulation sunlight irradiation. The measurements present that the Sn-BiOI/ZnO (SBZs) could completely remove ciprofloxacin (CIP) within 100 min, which is 4.18 times that of ZnO in kinetics. Typically, the degradation rate of CIP for SBZ6 is over 99.9%, which is more than 25% higher than that of pure ZnO microspheres. In addition, the rate of H2 production could reach 3.08 mmol g-1∙ h-1, which is 1.79 times of the pure ZnO microspheres. The boosted performance of the composites may originate from the enhanced electronic transmission efficiency and improved separation and recombination efficiency of electrons/holes. The charge transfer mode in the SBZs heterojunction composites is proposed and verified as the Z-scheme by the active species experimental and the possible electron transfer path analysis. Therefore, Sn-doped BiOI is introduced into multi-shelled ZnO microsphere to form contact heterojunction interfacial, which greatly improves the photocatalytic performances of the SBZs. Furthermore, this work supplies a strategy for designing and preparing highly active ZnO-based heterojunction composites, which could effectively address the challenges of environmental remediation and clean energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, People's Republic of China; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Xianghui Wu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianding Li
- School of Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, PR China.
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5
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Xing M, Wang L, Wang R. A Review on the Effects of ZnO Nanowire Morphology on the Performance of Interpenetrating Bulk Heterojunction Quantum Dot Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 12:nano12010114. [PMID: 35010064 PMCID: PMC8746555 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Interpenetrating bulk heterojunction (IBHJ) quantum dot solar cells (QDSCs) offer a direct pathway for electrical contacts to overcome the trade-off between light absorption and carrier extraction. However, their complex three-dimensional structure creates higher requirements for the optimization of their design due to their more difficult interface defect states control, more complex light capture mechanism, and more advanced QD deposition technology. ZnO nanowire (NW) has been widely used as the electron transport layer (ETL) for this structure. Hence, the optimization of the ZnO NW morphology (such as density, length, and surface defects) is the key to improving the photoelectric performance of these SCs. In this study, the morphology control principles of ZnO NW for different synthetic methods are discussed. Furthermore, the effects of the density and length of the NW on the collection of photocarriers and their light capture effects are investigated. It is indicated that the NW spacing determines the transverse collection of electrons, while the length of the NW and the thickness of the SC often affect the longitudinal collection of holes. Finally, the optimization strategies for the geometrical morphology of and defect passivation in ZnO NWs are proposed to improve the efficiency of IBHJ QDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ruixiang Wang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-29-82668738; Fax: +86-29-82668725
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6
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Mahapatra SD, Mohapatra PC, Aria AI, Christie G, Mishra YK, Hofmann S, Thakur VK. Piezoelectric Materials for Energy Harvesting and Sensing Applications: Roadmap for Future Smart Materials. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100864. [PMID: 34254467 PMCID: PMC8425885 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Piezoelectric materials are widely referred to as "smart" materials because they can transduce mechanical pressure acting on them to electrical signals and vice versa. They are extensively utilized in harvesting mechanical energy from vibrations, human motion, mechanical loads, etc., and converting them into electrical energy for low power devices. Piezoelectric transduction offers high scalability, simple device designs, and high-power densities compared to electro-magnetic/static and triboelectric transducers. This review aims to give a holistic overview of recent developments in piezoelectric nanostructured materials, polymers, polymer nanocomposites, and piezoelectric films for implementation in energy harvesting. The progress in fabrication techniques, morphology, piezoelectric properties, energy harvesting performance, and underpinning fundamental mechanisms for each class of materials, including polymer nanocomposites using conducting, non-conducting, and hybrid fillers are discussed. The emergent application horizon of piezoelectric energy harvesters particularly for wireless devices and self-powered sensors is highlighted, and the current challenges and future prospects are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmriti Das Mahapatra
- Technology & Manufacturing GroupIntel Corporation5000 West Chandler BoulevardChandlerArizona85226USA
| | - Preetam Chandan Mohapatra
- Technology & Manufacturing GroupIntel Corporation5000 West Chandler BoulevardChandlerArizona85226USA
| | - Adrianus Indrat Aria
- Surface Engineering and Precision CentreSchool of AerospaceTransport and ManufacturingCranfield UniversityCranfieldMK43 0ALUK
| | - Graham Christie
- Institute of BiotechnologyDepartment of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1QTUK
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Mads Clausen InstituteNanoSYDUniversity of Southern DenmarkAlsion 2Sønderborg6400Denmark
| | - Stephan Hofmann
- Division of Electrical EngineeringDepartment of EngineeringUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1PZUK
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research CenterScotland's Rural College (SRUC)Kings BuildingsEdinburghEH9 3JGUK
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringSchool of EngineeringShiv Nadar UniversityDelhiUttar Pradesh201314India
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7
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Kalidoss R, Kothalam R, Manikandan A, Jaganathan SK, Khan A, Asiri AM. Socio-economic demands and challenges for non-invasive disease diagnosis through a portable breathalyzer by the incorporation of 2D nanosheets and SMO nanocomposites. RSC Adv 2021; 11:21216-21234. [PMID: 35478818 PMCID: PMC9034087 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02554f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Breath analysis for non-invasive clinical diagnostics and treatment progression has penetrated the research community owing to the technological developments in novel sensing nanomaterials. The trace level selective detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in breath facilitates the study of physiological disorder and real-time health monitoring. This review focuses on advancements in chemiresistive gas sensor technology for biomarker detection associated with different diseases. Emphasis is placed on selective biomarker detection by semiconducting metal oxide (SMO) nanostructures, 2-dimensional nanomaterials (2DMs) and nanocomposites through various optimization strategies and sensing mechanisms. Their synergistic properties for incorporation in a portable breathalyzer have been elucidated. Furthermore, the socio-economic demands of a breathalyzer in terms of recent establishment of startups globally and challenges of a breathalyzer are critically reviewed. This initiative is aimed at highlighting the challenges and scope for improvement to realize a high performance chemiresistive gas sensor for non-invasive disease diagnosis. Breath analysis for non-invasive clinical diagnostics and treatment progression has penetrated the research community owing to the technological developments in novel sensing nanomaterials.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramji Kalidoss
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research Selaiyur Tamil Nadu 600 073 India +91-9840-959832
| | - Radhakrishnan Kothalam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu 603 203 India
| | - A Manikandan
- Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research Selaiyur Tamil Nadu 600 073 India.,Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research Selaiyur Tamil Nadu 600 073 India
| | - Saravana Kumar Jaganathan
- Bionanotechnology Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam.,Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam.,Department of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Hull HU6 7RX UK
| | - Anish Khan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
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8
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Qu J, Liu X. Recent Advances on SEM-Based In Situ Multiphysical Characterization of Nanomaterials. SCANNING 2021; 2021:4426254. [PMID: 34211620 PMCID: PMC8208868 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4426254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Functional nanomaterials possess exceptional mechanical, electrical, and optical properties which have significantly benefited their diverse applications to a variety of scientific and engineering problems. In order to fully understand their characteristics and further guide their synthesis and device application, the multiphysical properties of these nanomaterials need to be characterized accurately and efficiently. Among various experimental tools for nanomaterial characterization, scanning electron microscopy- (SEM-) based platforms provide merits of high imaging resolution, accuracy and stability, well-controlled testing conditions, and the compatibility with other high-resolution material characterization techniques (e.g., atomic force microscopy), thus, various SEM-enabled techniques have been well developed for characterizing the multiphysical properties of nanomaterials. In this review, we summarize existing SEM-based platforms for nanomaterial multiphysical (mechanical, electrical, and electromechanical) in situ characterization, outline critical experimental challenges for nanomaterial optical characterization in SEM, and discuss potential demands of the SEM-based platforms to characterizing multiphysical properties of the nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntian Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology & Institute of Manufacturing Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision/Ultra-Precision Manufacturing Equipments and Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8, Canada
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9
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Barman S, Das R, Kumar Mandal B, Sikdar S, Biswas A. Elastic properties of green synthesized Al0.15Zn0.85O nano-discs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.12.1178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Ding X, Zhong W, Jiang H, Li M, Chen Y, Lu Y, Ma J, Yadav A, Yang L, Wang D. Highly Accurate Wearable Piezoresistive Sensors without Tension Disturbance Based on Weaved Conductive Yarn. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:35638-35646. [PMID: 32658449 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wearable piezoresistive sensors have attracted wide attention for application in human activities monitoring, smart robots, medical detection, etc. However, most of the sensing signals collected from the piezoresistive sensor are triggered by coupling forces, such as the combination of tension and pressure. Thus, the piezoresistive sensor would be incapable of accurately monitoring and evaluating specific human motion due to the mutual interference from tension and pressure, as the tension is difficult to be decoupled or eliminated from the coupling forces. Herein a prestretchable conductive yarn (PCY) sensor with pressure sensitivity but tension insensitivity was introduced to remove the disturbance from tension. The PCY-based piezoresistive sensor is tension insensitive (gauge factor of 0.11) but pressure sensitive (sensitivity of 187.33 MPa-1). The fabric-based pressure sensor assembled with cross-arranged PCY weft and warp revealed magnified pressure sensitivity compared with the single PCY yarn sensor, as well as tension insensitivity to strain and tensile angle. Moreover, it possessed benign cyclicity during 5000 cycles of pressing/releasing. Therefore, the fabric piezoresistive sensor based on weaved conductive yarns is suitable for highly accurate and large area pressure detection, such as monitoring massage intensity of acupuncture points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xincheng Ding
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Weibing Zhong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Haiqing Jiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Mufang Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Yuanli Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Ashish Yadav
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Liyan Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
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11
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Yen M, Lai YH, Zhang CL, Cheng HY, Hsieh YT, Chen JW, Chen YC, Chang L, Tsou NT, Li JY, Chu YH. Giant Resistivity Change of Transparent ZnO/Muscovite Heteroepitaxy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:21818-21826. [PMID: 32297504 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c02275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The piezoresistive effect has shown a remarkable potential for mechanical sensor applications and been sought for its excellent performance. A great attention was paid to the giant piezoresistive effect and sensitivity delivered by silicon-based nanostructures. However, low thermal stability and complicated fabrication process hinder their practical applications. To overcome these issues and enhance the functionalities, we envision the substantial piezopotential in a zinc oxide (ZnO)/muscovite (mica) heteroepitaxy system based on theoretical consideration and realize it in practice. High piezoresistive effect with giant change of resistivity (-80 to 240%) and large gauge factor (>1000) are demonstrated through mechanical bending. The detailed features of heteroepitaxy, electrical transport, and strain are probed to understand the mechanism of such a giant resistivity change. In addition, a bending model is established to reveal the distribution of strain. Finally, we demonstrate a flex sensor featuring high sensitivity, optical transparency, and two-segment sensing with a great potential toward practical applications. Such an oxide heteroepitaxy exhibits excellent piezoresistive properties and mechanical flexibility. In the near future, the importance of flex sensors will emerge because of the precise control in the automation industries, and our results lead to a new design in the field of flex sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hong Lai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province & Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hou-Yung Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Hsieh
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Wei Chen
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chen
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Li Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Nien-Ti Tsou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Jiang-Yu Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanobiomechanics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ying-Hao Chu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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12
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Zhong W, Ding X, Li W, Shen C, Yadav A, Chen Y, Bao M, Jiang H, Wang D. Facile Fabrication of Conductive Graphene/Polyurethane Foam Composite and Its Application on Flexible Piezo-Resistive Sensors. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1289. [PMID: 31375016 PMCID: PMC6722995 DOI: 10.3390/polym11081289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors have attracted tremendous research interests due to their wide applications in wearable electronics and smart robots. The easy-to-obtain fabrication and stable signal output are meaningful for the practical application of flexible pressure sensors. The graphene/polyurethane foam composites are prepared to develop a convenient method for piezo-resistive devices with simple structure and outstanding sensing performance. Graphene oxide was prepared through the modified Hummers method. Polyurethane foam was kept to soak in the obtained graphene oxide aqueous solution and then dried. After that, reduced graphene oxide/polyurethane composite foam has been fabricated under air phase reduction by hydrazine hydrate vapor. The chemical components and micro morphologies of the prepared samples have been observed by using FT-IR and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results predicted that the graphene is tightly adhered to the bare surface of the pores. The pressure sensing performance has been also evaluated by measuring the sensitivity, durability, and response time. The results indicate that the value of sensitivity under the range of 0-6 kPa and 6-25 kPa are 0.17 kPa-1 and 0.005 kPa-1, respectively. Cycling stability test has been performed 30 times under three varying pressures. The signal output just exhibits slight fluctuations, which represents the good cycling stability of the pressure sensor. At the same stage, the response time of loading and unloading of 20 g weight turned out to be about 300 ms. These consequences showed the superiority of graphene/polyurethane composite foam while applied in piezo-resistive devices including wide sensitive pressure range, high sensitivity, outstanding durability, and fast response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibing Zhong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xincheng Ding
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Weixin Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Chengyandan Shen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Ashish Yadav
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Yuanli Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Mingze Bao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Haiqing Jiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
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13
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Shaheen A, Ali M, Othman W, Tit N. Origins of Negative Differential Resistance in N-doped ZnO Nano-ribbons: Ab-initio Investigation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9914. [PMID: 31289305 PMCID: PMC6617463 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The electronic transport in low-dimensional materials is controlled by quantum coherence and non-equilibrium statistics. The scope of the present investigation is to search for the origins of negative-differential resistance (NDR) behavior in N-doped ultra-narrow zigzag-edge ZnO nano-ribbons (ZnO-NRs). A state-of-the-art technique, based on a combination of density-functional theory (DFT) and non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formalism, is employed to probe the electronic and transport properties. The effect of location of N dopant, with respect to the NR edges, on IV-curve and NDR is tested and three different positions for N-atom are considered: (i) at the oxygen-rich edge; (ii) at the center; and (iii) at the Zn-rich edge. The results show that both resistance and top-to-valley current ratio (TVCR) reduce when N-atom is displaced from O-rich edge to center to Zn-rich edge, respectively. After an analysis based on the calculations of transmission coefficient versus bias, band structures, and charge-density plots of HOMO/LUMO states, one is able to draw a conclusion about the origins of NDR. The unpaired electron of N dopant is causing the curdling/localization of wave-function, which in turn causes strong back-scattering and suppression of conductive channels. These effects manifest themselves in the drawback of electric current (or so called NDR). The relevance of NDR for applications in nano-electronic devices (e.g., switches, rectifiers, amplifiers, gas sensing) is further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Shaheen
- Physics Department, College of Science, UAE University, P. O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Physics Department, College of Science, UAE University, P. O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Wael Othman
- Masdar Institute, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nacir Tit
- Physics Department, College of Science, UAE University, P. O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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14
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Yu J, Lee TI, Misra M. Synergetic impact of surface plasmon hot electron and CuS nanolayer of CuS/Au/ZnO core-shell nanorods for the degradation of toxic pollutant. J IND ENG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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15
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Dahiya AS, Boubenia S, Franzo G, Poulin-Vittrant G, Mirabella S, Alquier D. Photoluminescence Study of the Influence of Additive Ammonium Hydroxide in Hydrothermally Grown ZnO Nanowires. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 13:249. [PMID: 30136036 PMCID: PMC6104415 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2665-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report the influence of ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH), as growth additive, on zinc oxide nanomaterial through the optical response obtained by photoluminescence (PL). A low-temperature hydrothermal process is employed for the growth of ZnO nanowires (NWs) on seedless Au surface. A more than two order of magnitude change in ZnO NW density is demonstrated via careful addition of NH4OH in the growth solution. Further, we show by systematic experimental study and PL characterization data that the addition of NH4OH can degrade the optical response of ZnO NWs produced. The increase of growth solution basicity with the addition of NH4OH may slowly degrade the optical response of NWs by slowly etching its surfaces, increasing the point defects in ZnO NWs. The present study demonstrates the importance of growth nutrients to obtain quality controlled density tunable ZnO NWs on seedless conducting substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. S. Dahiya
- GREMAN UMR 7347 Université de Tours, CNRS, INSA Centre Val de Loire, 16 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 37071 Tours CEDEX2, France
| | - S. Boubenia
- GREMAN UMR 7347 Université de Tours, CNRS, INSA Centre Val de Loire, 16 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 37071 Tours CEDEX2, France
| | - G. Franzo
- MATIS IMM-CNR and Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universita’ di Catania, via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - G. Poulin-Vittrant
- GREMAN UMR 7347 CNRS, Université de Tours, INSA Centre Val de Loire, 3 rue de la Chocolaterie, CS 23410, 41034 Blois CEDEX, France
| | - S. Mirabella
- MATIS IMM-CNR and Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universita’ di Catania, via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - D. Alquier
- GREMAN UMR 7347 Université de Tours, CNRS, INSA Centre Val de Loire, 16 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 37071 Tours CEDEX2, France
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16
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Choi W, Jeon ES, Chun KY, Kim YR, Park KB, Kim KB, Han CS. A low-noise silicon nitride nanopore device on a polymer substrate. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200831. [PMID: 30028848 PMCID: PMC6054398 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a novel low-noise nanopore device employing a polymer substrate. The Si substrate of a fabricated Si-substrate-based silicon nitride (Si3N4) membrane was replaced with a polymer substrate. As such, laser machining was used to make a micro-size hole through the polyimide (PI) substrate, and a thin Si3N4 membrane was then transferred onto the PI substrate. Finally, a nanopore was formed in the membrane using a transmission electron microscope for detection of biomolecules. Compared to the Si-substrate-based device, the dielectric noise was greatly reduced and the root-mean-square noise level was decreased from 146.7 to 5.4 pA. Using this device, the translocation of double-strand deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was detected with a high signal/noise (S/N) ratio. This type of device is anticipated to be available for future versatile sequencing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wook Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Seok Jeon
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Yong Chun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Rok Kim
- Institute of Life Sciences and Resources and Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Kyeong-Beom Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Bum Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Soo Han
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Life Sciences and Resources and Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
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17
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Sahoo SK, Mangal S, Mishra D, Singh UP, Kumar P. 100 keV H +
ion irradiation of as-deposited Al-doped ZnO thin films: An interest in tailoring surface morphology for sensor applications. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanta Kumar Sahoo
- School of Applied Sciences; KIIT (Deemed to be University); Bhubaneswar 751024 Odisha India
| | - Sutanu Mangal
- School of Applied Sciences; KIIT (Deemed to be University); Bhubaneswar 751024 Odisha India
| | - D.K. Mishra
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology (ITER); Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University); Bhubaneswar 751030 Odisha India
| | - Udai P. Singh
- School of Electronics Engineering; KIIT (Deemed to be University); Bhubaneswar 751024 Odisha India
| | - Pravin Kumar
- Inter University Accelerator Centre; Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi 110067 India
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18
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One-Dimensional Zinc Oxide Nanomaterials for Application in High-Performance Advanced Optoelectronic Devices. CRYSTALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst8050223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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A Novel Nanowire Assembly Process for the Fabrication of CO Sensor. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18041234. [PMID: 29673203 PMCID: PMC5948628 DOI: 10.3390/s18041234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nanowires have been widely studied due to their outstanding mechanical and electrical properties; however, their practical applications are limited to the lack of an effective technique for controlled assembly. In the present work, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowire arrays were assembled via a combing process using a makeup brush and the nanodevice was fabricated. The current–voltage (I–V) and ultraviolet (UV) characteristics of the device indicate stable and repeatable electrical properties. The carbon monoxide (CO) sensing properties were tested at operating temperatures of 200, 300 and 400 °C. It was found that ZnO based sensor exhibited the highest sensitivity to CO at 300 °C due to the change of dominant oxygen species. Comparing with others result, the sensitivity of the fabricated sensor exhibits higher sensing performance. The sensing mechanism of the CO sensor is also discussed.
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20
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A review on chemiresistive room temperature gas sensors based on metal oxide nanostructures, graphene and 2D transition metal dichalcogenides. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:213. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2750-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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21
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Purusothaman Y, Alluri NR, Chandrasekhar A, Vivekananthan V, Kim SJ. Regulation of Charge Carrier Dynamics in ZnO Microarchitecture-Based UV/Visible Photodetector via Photonic-Strain Induced Effects. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1703044. [PMID: 29377477 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201703044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A feasible, morphological influence on photoresponse behavior of ZnO microarchitectures such as microwire (MW), coral-like microstrip (CMS), fibril-like clustered microwire (F-MW) grown by one-step carrier gas/metal catalyst "free" vapor transport technique is reported. Among them, ZnO F-MW exhibits higher photocurrent (IPh ) response, i.e., IPh/ZnO F-MW > IPh/ZnO CMS > IPh/ZnO MW . The unique structural alignment of ZnO F-MW has enhanced the IPh from 14.2 to 186, 221, 290 µA upon various light intensities such as 0 to 6, 11, 17 mW cm-2 at λ405 nm . Herein, the nature of the as-fabricated ZnO photodetector (PD) is also demonstrated modulated by tuning the inner crystals piezoelectric potential through the piezo-phototronic effect. The IPh response of PD decreases monotonically by introducing compressive strain along the length of the device, which is due to the synergistic effect between the induced piezoelectric polarization and photogenerated charge carriers across the metal-semiconductor interface. The current behavior observed at the two interfaces acting as the source (S) and drain (D) is carefully investigated by analyzing the Schottky barrier heights (ΦSB ). This work can pave the way for the development of geometrically modified strain induced performances of PD to promote next generation self-powered optoelectronic integrated devices and switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuvasree Purusothaman
- Nanomaterials and System Lab, Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea
| | - Nagamalleswara Rao Alluri
- School of Applied Energy Systems, Major in Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea
| | - Arunkumar Chandrasekhar
- Nanomaterials and System Lab, Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea
| | - Venkateswaran Vivekananthan
- Nanomaterials and System Lab, Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea
| | - Sang-Jae Kim
- Nanomaterials and System Lab, Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea
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22
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Zhang P, Bousack H, Dai Y, Offenhäusser A, Mayer D. Shell-binary nanoparticle materials with variable electrical and electro-mechanical properties. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:992-1003. [PMID: 29265122 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr07912e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle (NP) materials with the capability to adjust their electrical and electro-mechanical properties facilitate applications in strain sensing technology. Traditional NP materials based on single component NPs lack a systematic and effective means of tuning their electrical and electro-mechanical properties. Here, we report on a new type of shell-binary NP material fabricated by self-assembly with either homogeneous or heterogeneous arrangements of NPs. Variable electrical and electro-mechanical properties were obtained for both materials. We show that the electrical and electro-mechanical properties of these shell-binary NP materials are highly tunable and strongly affected by the NP species as well as their corresponding volume fraction ratio. The conductivity and the gauge factor of these shell-binary NP materials can be altered by about five and two orders of magnitude, respectively. These shell-binary NP materials with different arrangements of NPs also demonstrate different volume fraction dependent electro-mechanical properties. The shell-binary NP materials with a heterogeneous arrangement of NPs exhibit a peaking of the sensitivity at medium mixing ratios, which arises from the aggregation induced local strain enhancement. Studies on the electron transport regimes and micro-morphologies of these shell-binary NP materials revealed the different mechanisms accounting for the variable electrical and electro-mechanical properties. A model based on effective medium theory is used to describe the electrical and electro-mechanical properties of such shell-binary nanomaterials and shows an excellent match with experiment data. These shell-binary NP materials possess great potential applications in high-performance strain sensing technology due to their variable electrical and electro-mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Zhang
- Institute of Complex Systems, Bioelectronics (ICS-8) and JARA - Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
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23
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Nancy Anna Anasthasiya A, Ramya S, Rai P, Jeyaprakash B. ZnO nanowires: Synthesis and charge transfer mechanism in the detection of ammonia vapour. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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24
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Rackauskas S, Barbero N, Barolo C, Viscardi G. ZnO Nanowire Application in Chemoresistive Sensing: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 7:E381. [PMID: 29120384 PMCID: PMC5707598 DOI: 10.3390/nano7110381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the recent development of ZnO nanowires (NWs) for chemoresistive sensing. Working mechanisms of chemoresistive sensors are unified for gas, ultraviolet (UV) and bio sensor types: single nanowire and nanowire junction sensors are described, giving the overview for a simple sensor manufacture by multiple nanowire junctions. ZnO NW surface functionalization is discussed, and how this effects the sensing is explained. Further, novel approaches for sensing, using ZnO NW functionalization with other materials such as metal nanoparticles or heterojunctions, are explained, and limiting factors and possible improvements are discussed. The review concludes with the insights and recommendations for the future improvement of the ZnO NW chemoresistive sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simas Rackauskas
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Nadia Barbero
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Claudia Barolo
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Guido Viscardi
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy.
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25
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Boubenia S, Dahiya AS, Poulin-Vittrant G, Morini F, Nadaud K, Alquier D. A facile hydrothermal approach for the density tunable growth of ZnO nanowires and their electrical characterizations. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15187. [PMID: 29123216 PMCID: PMC5680254 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15447-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling properties of one-dimensional (1D) semiconducting nanostructures is essential for the advancement of electronic devices. In this work, we present a low-temperature hydrothermal growth process enabling density control of aligned high aspect ratio ZnO nanowires (NWs) on seedless Au surface. A two order of magnitude change in ZnO NW density is demonstrated via careful control of the ammonium hydroxide concentration (NH4OH) in the solution. Based on the experimental observations, we further, hypothesized the growth mechanism leading to the density controlled growth of ZnO NWs. Moreover, the effect of NH4OH on the electrical properties of ZnO NWs, such as doping and field-effect mobility, is thoroughly investigated by fabricating single nanowire field-effect transistors. The electrical study shows the increase of free charge density while decrease of mobility in ZnO NWs with the increase of NH4OH concentration in the growth solution. These findings show that NH4OH can be used for simultaneous tuning of the NW density and electrical properties of the ZnO NWs grown by hydrothermal approach. The present work will guide the engineers and researchers to produce low-temperature density controlled aligned 1D ZnO NWs over wide range of substrates, including plastics, with tunable electrical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Boubenia
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, CNRS, GREMAN UMR 7347, 16 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 37071, Tours Cedex2, France.
| | - A S Dahiya
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, CNRS, GREMAN UMR 7347, 16 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 37071, Tours Cedex2, France
| | - G Poulin-Vittrant
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, INSA-CVL, CNRS, GREMAN UMR 7347, 3 rue de la Chocolaterie, CS 23410, 41034, Blois Cedex, France
| | - F Morini
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, CNRS, GREMAN UMR 7347, 16 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 37071, Tours Cedex2, France
| | - K Nadaud
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, CNRS, GREMAN UMR 7347, 16 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 37071, Tours Cedex2, France
| | - D Alquier
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, CNRS, GREMAN UMR 7347, 16 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 37071, Tours Cedex2, France
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26
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Shree S, Schulz-Senft M, Alsleben NH, Mishra YK, Staubitz A, Adelung R. Light, Force, and Heat: A Multi-Stimuli Composite that Reveals its Violent Past. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:38000-38007. [PMID: 28967255 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b09598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A self-reporting polythiourethane/tetrapodal-ZnO (PTU/T-ZnO) composite is produced using spiropyran as an additive at a concentration as low as 0.5 wt %. Exposure to heat, UV light and mechanical force caused the spiropyran to undergo reversible isomerization indicated by a reversible color change. The studies have been conducted with a constant spiropyran concentration at 0.5 wt %, meanwhile varying the T-ZnO concentration from 0 to 7.5 wt %. The tetrapodal ZnO served as a prism: the light scattering effect of T-ZnO created a visual impression of uniform color distribution. The interconnected network of the tetrapodal of ZnO embedded in the PTU matrix enhanced the mechanical stability of the polymer leading to high impact resistance up to ∼232 kPa. PTU/spiropyran also emerged as a possible thermal sensing coating, due to its temperature sensitivity. Due to the broad green luminescence band (∼535 nm) in T-ZnO, the colored merocyanine form which absorbs in this region of the spectrum switches back to spiropyran at this wavelength. High concentrations of T-ZnO were shown to reduce the effect one of the switching triggers i.e., ultraviolet light. Using this property of T-ZnO it was possible to achieve a switchable system with the possibility of separating the stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindu Shree
- Institute for Materials Science, Functional Nanomaterials, Kiel University , Kaiserstr. 2, D-24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Mathias Schulz-Senft
- Otto-Diels-Institute for Organic Chemistry, Kiel University , Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Nils H Alsleben
- Institute for Materials Science, Functional Nanomaterials, Kiel University , Kaiserstr. 2, D-24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Institute for Materials Science, Functional Nanomaterials, Kiel University , Kaiserstr. 2, D-24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Anne Staubitz
- Otto-Diels-Institute for Organic Chemistry, Kiel University , Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
- Institute for Organic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Bremen , Leobener Str. 7, NW2 C, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, Bibliothekstraße 1 , Bremen 28359, Germany
| | - Rainer Adelung
- Institute for Materials Science, Functional Nanomaterials, Kiel University , Kaiserstr. 2, D-24143 Kiel, Germany
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27
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Kim JW, Porte Y, Ko KY, Kim H, Myoung JM. Micropatternable Double-Faced ZnO Nanoflowers for Flexible Gas Sensor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:32876-32886. [PMID: 28882036 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b09251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Micropatternable double-faced (DF) zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoflowers (NFs) for flexible gas sensors have been successfully fabricated on a polyimide (PI) substrate with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as electrode. The fabricated sensor comprises ZnO nanoshells laid out on a PI substrate at regular intervals, on which ZnO nanorods (NRs) were grown in- and outside the shells to maximize the surface area and form a connected network. This three-dimensional network structure possesses multiple gas diffusion channels and the micropatterned island structure allows the stability of the flexible devices to be enhanced by dispersing the strain into the empty spaces of the substrate. Moreover, the micropatterning technique on a flexible substrate enables highly integrated nanodevices to be fabricated. The SWCNTs were chosen as the electrode for their flexibility and the Schottky barrier they form with ZnO, improving the sensing performance. The devices exhibited high selectivity toward NO2 as well as outstanding sensing characteristics with a stable response of 218.1, fast rising and decay times of 25.0 and 14.1 s, respectively, and percent recovery greater than 98% upon NO2 exposure. The superior sensing properties arose from a combination of high surface area, numerous active junction points, donor point defects in the ZnO NRs, and the use of the SWCNT electrode. Furthermore, the DF-ZnO NF gas sensor showed sustainable mechanical stability. Despite the physical degradation observed, the devices still demonstrated outstanding sensing characteristics after 10 000 bending cycles at a curvature radius of 5 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Woo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Soedaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoann Porte
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Soedaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Yong Ko
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Soedaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Soedaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Min Myoung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Soedaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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28
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Das D, Datta AK, Kumbhakar DV, Ghosh B, Pramanik A, Gupta S, Mandal A. Assessment of photocatalytic potentiality and determination of ecotoxicity (using plant model for better environmental applicability) of synthesized copper, copper oxide and copper-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182823. [PMID: 28796823 PMCID: PMC5552101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
NPS SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND AZO-DYE DEGRADATION A facile cost effective wet chemical method of synthesis is proposed for Cu-NPs, CuO-NPs and Cu-doped ZnO-NPs. The nanomaterials are opto-physically characterized for nano standard quality. Cu-doped ZnO-NPs based catalytic system is found to possess most efficient photocatalytic activity in degradation of two organic azo-dyes namely methyl red (MR) and malachite green (MG) that are released as industrial effluents in eco-environment intercollegium. Two possible photocatalytic degradation pathways are proposed to understand the mechanism of interaction prevailing during the mineralization of MR and MG dyes. Such study provides insight for waste water management. The uniqueness of the present work is 1) possible routes of MG dye degradation by Cu-doped ZnO-NPs and subsequent intermediate by-products are novel and pioneered of its kind. 2) two new intermediate byproducts are identified suggesting prevalence of multiple MR degradation pathways by Cu-doped ZnO-NPs. ASSESSMENT OF ECOTOXICITY For assessment of residual NPs impact on environment, eco-toxicological assay is performed using plant system (Sesamum indicum L.) as model. The study encompasses seed germination, seedling morphology, quantification of endogenous H2O2 and MDA generation, estimation of DNA double strand break and analysis of cell cycle inhibition. Results highlight reduced ecotoxicity of Cu-doped ZnO-NPs compared to the other synthesized nanomaterials thereby suggesting better environmental applicability in waste water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debadrito Das
- Department of Botany, Cytogenetics, Genetics and Plant Breeding Section, Kalyani University, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Animesh Kumar Datta
- Department of Botany, Cytogenetics, Genetics and Plant Breeding Section, Kalyani University, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Divya Vishambhar Kumbhakar
- Department of Botany, Cytogenetics, Genetics and Plant Breeding Section, Kalyani University, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Bapi Ghosh
- Department of Botany, Cytogenetics, Genetics and Plant Breeding Section, Kalyani University, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Ankita Pramanik
- Department of Botany, Cytogenetics, Genetics and Plant Breeding Section, Kalyani University, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudha Gupta
- Department of Botany, Pteridology and Palaeobotany Section, Kalyani University, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Aninda Mandal
- Department of Botany, A.B.N. Seal College, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
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