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Zhang Y, Sun X, Yang B, Li F, Yu G, Zhao J, Li Q. Comprehensive Assessment of Polysaccharides Extracted from Squash by Subcritical Water under Different Conditions. Foods 2024; 13:1211. [PMID: 38672884 PMCID: PMC11049192 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects of subcritical water microenvironment on the physiochemical properties, antioxidant activity and in vitro digestion of polysaccharides (SWESPs) from squash were investigated. After single-factor experiments, twenty samples were successfully prepared at different extraction temperatures (110, 130, 150, 170 and 190 °C) and extraction times (4, 8, 12 and 16 min). Under a low temperature environment, the whole process was mainly based on the extraction of SWESP. At this time, the color of SWESP was white or light gray and the molecular mass was high. When the temperature was 150 °C, since the extraction and degradation of SWESP reached equilibrium, the maximum extraction rate (18.67%) was reached at 150 °C (12 min). Compared with traditional methods, the yield of squash SWESP extracted by subcritical water was 3-4 times higher and less time consuming. Under high temperature conditions, SWESPs were degraded and their antioxidant capacity and viscosity were reduced. Meanwhile, Maillard and caramelization reactions turned the SWESPs yellow-brown and produced harmful substances. In addition, different SWESPs had different effects on in vitro digestion. In brief, SWESPs prepared under different conditions have different structures and physicochemical properties, allowing the obtainment of the required polysaccharide. Our results show that squash polysaccharides prepared in different subcritical water states had good development potential and application in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (B.Y.); (J.Z.)
- China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xun Sun
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (B.Y.); (J.Z.)
- China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bingjie Yang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (B.Y.); (J.Z.)
- China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fei Li
- College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Guoyong Yu
- Faculty of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518172, China;
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (B.Y.); (J.Z.)
- China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Quanhong Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (B.Y.); (J.Z.)
- China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
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Luo Y, Yang D, Xu Y, Wu D, Tan D, Qin L, Wu X, Lu Y, He Y. Hypoglycemic Effects and Quality Marker Screening of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. at Different Growth Years. Molecules 2024; 29:699. [PMID: 38338442 PMCID: PMC10856227 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The effect of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. (D. nobile) on hyperglycemic syndrome has only been recently known for several years. Materials of D. nobile were always collected from the plants cultivated in various growth ages. However, regarding the efficacy of D. nobile on hyperglycemic syndrome, it was still unknown as to which cultivation age would be selected. On the other hand, with the lack of quality markers, it is difficult to control the quality of D. nobile to treat hyperglycemic syndrome. (2) Methods: The effects of D. nobile cultivated at year 1 and year 3 were checked on alloxan-induced diabetic mice while their body weight, diet, water intake, and urinary output were monitored. Moreover, levels of glycosylated serum protein and insulin were measured using Elisa kits. The constituents of D. nobile were identified and analyzed by using UPLC-Q/trap. Quality markers were screened out by integrating the data from UPLC-Q/trap into a network pharmacology model. (3) Results: The D. nobile cultivated at both year 1 and year 3 showed a significant effect on hyperglycemic syndrome at the high dosage level; however, regarding the significant level, D. nobile from year 1 showed the better effect. In D. nobile, most of the metabolites were identified as alkaloids and sesquiterpene glycosides. Alkaloids, represented by dendrobine, were enriched in D. nobile from year 1, while sesquiterpene glycosides were enriched in D. nobile from year 3. Twenty one metabolites were differentially expressed between D. nobile from year 1 and year 3. The aforementioned 21 metabolites were enriched to 34 therapeutic targets directly related to diabetes. (4) Conclusions: Regarding the therapy for hyperglycemic syndrome, D. nobile cultivated at year 1 was more recommended than that at year 3. Alkaloids were recommended to be used as markers to control the quality of D. nobile for hyperglycemic syndrome treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of The Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China; (Y.L.); (D.Y.); (Y.X.)
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China; (D.W.); (D.T.); (L.Q.); (X.W.)
| | - Da Yang
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of The Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China; (Y.L.); (D.Y.); (Y.X.)
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China; (D.W.); (D.T.); (L.Q.); (X.W.)
| | - Yanzhe Xu
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of The Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China; (Y.L.); (D.Y.); (Y.X.)
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China; (D.W.); (D.T.); (L.Q.); (X.W.)
| | - Di Wu
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China; (D.W.); (D.T.); (L.Q.); (X.W.)
| | - Daopeng Tan
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China; (D.W.); (D.T.); (L.Q.); (X.W.)
| | - Lin Qin
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China; (D.W.); (D.T.); (L.Q.); (X.W.)
| | - Xingdong Wu
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China; (D.W.); (D.T.); (L.Q.); (X.W.)
| | - Yanliu Lu
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of The Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China; (Y.L.); (D.Y.); (Y.X.)
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China; (D.W.); (D.T.); (L.Q.); (X.W.)
| | - Yuqi He
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of The Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China; (Y.L.); (D.Y.); (Y.X.)
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China; (D.W.); (D.T.); (L.Q.); (X.W.)
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Ye G, Zhang J, Xu X, Zeng C, Ye Q, Wang Z. Comparative Analysis of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides from Dendrobium Second Love 'Tokimeki' and Dendrobium nobile in Structure, Antioxidant, and Anti-Tumor Activity In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10361. [PMID: 37373508 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With potential anti-tumor and antioxidant properties, the polysaccharide content of D. nobile is relatively lower than that of the other medicinal Dendrobium. To find high-content polysaccharide resources, the polysaccharide (DHPP-Ⅰs) was prepared from D. Second Love 'Tokimeki' (a D. nobile hybrid) and compared with DNPP-Ⅰs from D. nobile. DHPP-Is (Mn 31.09 kDa) and DNPP-Is (Mn 46.65 kDa) were found to be O-acetylated glucomannans (-Glcp-(1,4) and O-acetylated-D-Manp-(1,4) backbones), analogous to other Dendrobium polysaccharides. DHPP-Ⅰs had higher glucose content (31.1%) and a lower degree (0.16) of acetylation than DNPP-Ⅰs (15.8%, 0.28). Meanwhile, DHPP-Ⅰs and DNPP-Ⅰs had the same ability in the radical scavenging assay, which was milder than the control of Vc. Both DHPP-Is and DNPP-Is inhibited SPC-A-1 cell proliferation in vitro, with obvious differences in dose concentrations (0.5-2.0 mg/mL) and treatment times (24-72 h). Therefore, the antioxidant activity of DHPP-Ⅰs and DNPP-Ⅰs is not associated with distinction in anti-proliferative activity. As a glucomannan derived from non-medicinal Dendrobium, DHPP-Ⅰs has similar bioactivity to other medicinal Dendrobium, and this could serve as a starting point for studying the conformational-bioactivity relationship of Dendrobium polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangying Ye
- Guangdong Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Institute of Environmental Horticulture, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jinhui Zhang
- Guangdong Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Institute of Environmental Horticulture, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaoli Xu
- Instrumental Analysis and Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Canbiao Zeng
- Guangdong Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Institute of Environmental Horticulture, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qingsheng Ye
- Guangdong Province Key Lab for Biotechnology of Plant Development, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Zaihua Wang
- Guangdong Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Institute of Environmental Horticulture, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Khan AA, Lu LX, Yao FJ, Fang M, Wang P, Zhang YM, Meng JJ, Ma XX, He Q, Shao KS, Wei YH, Xu B. Characterization, antioxidant activity, and mineral profiling of Auricularia cornea mushroom strains. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1167805. [PMID: 37404858 PMCID: PMC10315456 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1167805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mushrooms are considered as next-generation healthy food components. Owing to their low-fat content, high-quality proteins, dietary fiber, and rich source of nutraceuticals. They are ideally preferred in formulation of low-caloric functional foods. In this view, the breeding strategies of mushroom Auricularia cornea (A. cornea) focusing on high yield and higher quality with rich nutritional values and health benefits are still needed. Materials and methods A total of 50 strains of A. cornea were used to analyze the bio efficiency and the time required for fruiting body formation following the cultivation experiment. The calorimetric method was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity and quantify the crude polysaccharides and minerals content thereafter. Results The results showed that the time required for fruiting body formation and biological efficiency varied significantly among the selected strains. Noticeably, the wild domesticated strain Ac13 of A. cornea mushroom showed the shortest fruit development time (80 days). Similarly, the hybrid strains including Ac3 and Ac15 possessed the highest biological efficiency (82.40 and 94.84%). Hybrid strains Ac18 (15.2%) and cultivated strains Ac33 (15.6%) showed the highest content of crude polysaccharides, while cultivated strains Ac1 and Ac33, demonstrated the highest content of total polysaccharides in the fruiting body (216 mg. g-1 and 200 mg. g-1). In the case of mineral content, the highest zinc contents were observed from the cultivated strain Ac46 (486.33 mg·kg-1). The maximum iron content was detected from the hybrid strain Ac3 (788 mg·kg-1), and the wild domesticated strain Ac28 (350 mg·kg-1). The crude polysaccharides of the A. cornea strain showed significant antioxidant potential, and the ability of Ac33 and Ac24 to scavenge DPPH radicals and ABTS, which was significantly improved compared to other strains, respectively. Principal component analysis was applied to examine the agronomic traits and chemical compounds of various strains of A. cornea mushrooms. The results revealed that cultivated, wild domesticated, and hybrid strains of A. cornea exhibited distinct characteristics in terms of growth, yield, and nutritional properties. Conclusion The crude polysaccharides from A. cornea mushroom strains act as natural antioxidants, the wild, hybrid, and commercial A. cornea mushroom strains can achieve rapid growth, early maturation, and high yields. The evaluation of biochemical indexes and nutritional characteristics of strains with excellent traits provided a scientific basis for initiating high-quality breeding, provided germplasm resources for the production of "functional food" with real nutritional and health value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ali Khan
- College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Li-Xin Lu
- College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Fang-Jie Yao
- College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Fang
- College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Institute of Economical Plants Research, Academy of Agricultural Science of Jilin Province, Gongzhuling, China
| | - You-Min Zhang
- College of Forestry and Grassland, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing-Jing Meng
- College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao-Xu Ma
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Qi He
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Kai-Sheng Shao
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yun-hui Wei
- Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanchang, Nanchang, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, China
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Yang X, Wang W, Jiang Q, Xie S, Zhao P, Liu Z, Zhu G, Xu J, Wang J, Li Y. Subcritical Water Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Vaccinium Dunalianum Wight Leaves and Their Antioxidant and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activities in Vitro. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201099. [PMID: 37096966 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Subcritical water extraction was used to extract bioactive phenolic compounds from Vaccinium dunalianum Wight leaves. The optimal extraction conditions were determined as an extraction temperature of 150 °C, an extraction time of 40 min, and a liquid-solid ratio of 35 : 1 mL/g. The total phenolic content reached 21.35 mg gallic acid /g, which was 16 % higher than that by hot water extraction. The subcritical water extraction extract exhibited strong scavenging activity of DPPH free radical and ABTS+ free radical, as well as significant tyrosinase inhibitory activity. The study suggests that subcritical water extraction can alter the composition of the extracts, leading to the production of various phenolic compounds, effective antioxidants, and tyrosinase inhibitors from Vaccinium dulciana Wight leaves. These findings confirm the potential of Vaccinium dunalianum Wight as a natural antioxidant molecule source for the medicine and food industries, and for the therapy of skin pigmentation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Sida Xie
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Guolei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Junming Xu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China
| | - Jieyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Yonghe Li
- Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
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Kumar A, P N, Kumar M, Jose A, Tomer V, Oz E, Proestos C, Zeng M, Elobeid T, K S, Oz F. Major Phytochemicals: Recent Advances in Health Benefits and Extraction Method. Molecules 2023; 28:887. [PMID: 36677944 PMCID: PMC9862941 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent scientific studies have established a relationship between the consumption of phytochemicals such as carotenoids, polyphenols, isoprenoids, phytosterols, saponins, dietary fibers, polysaccharides, etc., with health benefits such as prevention of diabetes, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, etc. This has led to the popularization of phytochemicals. Nowadays, foods containing phytochemicals as a constituent (functional foods) and the concentrated form of phytochemicals (nutraceuticals) are used as a preventive measure or cure for many diseases. The health benefits of these phytochemicals depend on their purity and structural stability. The yield, purity, and structural stability of extracted phytochemicals depend on the matrix in which the phytochemical is present, the method of extraction, the solvent used, the temperature, and the time of extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Postharvest Technology, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi 284003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nirmal P
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Mukul Kumar
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Anina Jose
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Vidisha Tomer
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Emel Oz
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Charalampos Proestos
- Food Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Zographou, 157 84 Athens, Greece
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tahra Elobeid
- Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Sneha K
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Fatih Oz
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
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Fu X, Chen S, Xian S, Wu Q, Shi J, Zhou S. Dendrobium and its active ingredients: Emerging role in liver protection. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114043. [PMID: 36462312 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium is a traditional medicinal plant, which has a variety of clinical applications in China. It has been reported that Dendrobium contains various bioactive components, mainly including polysaccharides and alkaloids. Previous studies have shown that Dendrobium has pharmacological activities including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, as well as immune regulation. Particularly, the anti-aging functions and neuroprotective effects of Dendrobium have been well characterized in a wide array of cell and animal models. In recent years, the effect of Dendrobium on the liver has emerged as a new direction to explore its therapeutic benefits and has received more and more attention. This review is focused on the beneficial effects of Dendrobium on liver toxicity and various liver disorders, which presumably are attributed to a consequence of an array of modes of action due to its multiple bioactive components, and largely lack mechanistic and pharmacokinetic characterization. A particular emphasis is placed on the potential action mechanisms related to Dendrobium's liver protection. Research perspectives in regard to the potential therapeutic application for Dendrobium are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Cell and Tissue Bank of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Siting Xian
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Qin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jingshan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Shaoyu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
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Hattori K, Takagi H, Ogata Y, Yamada T, Horiba H, Fukata K, Sakaida T, Yashiro Y, Hasegawa S, Tanaka H. Immunostimulatory effects of a subcritical water extract of Ganoderma. Biomed Rep 2022; 18:1. [PMID: 36544853 PMCID: PMC9756285 DOI: 10.3892/br.2022.1583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma, a medicinal mushroom with various physiological activities, has been extensively investigated regarding its effectiveness. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of a subcritical water extract of Ganoderma (SWEG) on the immune system. The use of subcritical water with a higher temperature and pressure than hot water allows efficient elution of components from natural products. As an evaluation of the effectiveness of SWEG, a cell proliferation and a cell differentiation test were carried out using A-6 cells, a model of hematopoietic stem cells. Furthermore, an oral administration test in mice was conducted to examine the effects of SWEG on the number and function of immune cells. As a result, SWEG was revealed to promote both self-renewal and differentiation into immune cells such as T cells and natural killer (NK) cells in experiments with A-6 cells. These results were not obtained in experiments using hot water extract of Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinense. The oral administration test in mice demonstrated that SWEG increased hematopoietic precursor cells, immature B cells, and NK cells in the bone marrow, and T cells in the thymus. In addition, SWEG enhanced the immune functions in the spleen by promoting granzyme B expression and NK cell activity. SWEG was demonstrated to be a food material that acts on HSCs and regulates immunity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Hattori
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya-shi, Aichi 451-0071, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takagi
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya-shi, Aichi 451-0071, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Ogata
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya-shi, Aichi 451-0071, Japan
| | - Takaaki Yamada
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya-shi, Aichi 451-0071, Japan
| | - Hiroki Horiba
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya-shi, Aichi 451-0071, Japan
| | - Kousuke Fukata
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya-shi, Aichi 451-0071, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Sakaida
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya-shi, Aichi 451-0071, Japan
| | - Youichi Yashiro
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya-shi, Aichi 451-0071, Japan
| | - Seiji Hasegawa
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya-shi, Aichi 451-0071, Japan,Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 466-8550, Japan,Correspondence to: Dr Seiji Hasegawa, Research Laboratories, Nippon Menard Cosmetic Co., Ltd., 2-7 Torimi-cho, Nishi-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 451-0071, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
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9
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Chen H, Shi X, Zhang L, Yao L, Cen L, Li L, Lv Y, Wei C. Ultrasonic Extraction Process of Polysaccharides from Dendrobium nobile Lindl.: Optimization, Physicochemical Properties and Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Foods 2022; 11:foods11192957. [PMID: 36230031 PMCID: PMC9564065 DOI: 10.3390/foods11192957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To optimize the ultrasonic extraction process of polysaccharides from Dendrobium nobile Lindl. (DNP), the extraction method was conducted through a single-factor test and the response-surface methodology (RSM). With the optimal extraction process (liquid–solid ratio of 40 mL/g, ultrasonic time of 30 min, and ultrasonic power of 400 W), the maximum extraction yield was 5.16 ± 0.41%. DNP1 and DNP2 were then fractionated via DEAE-QFF and Sephacryl S-300 HR chromatography. The molecular weight (Mw) of DNP1 was identified as 67.72 kDa, composed of Man (75.86 ± 0.05%) and Glc (24.14 ± 0.05%), and the Mw of DNP2 was 37.45 kDa, composed of Man (72.32 ± 0.03%) and Glc (27.68 ± 0.03%). Anti-inflammatory assays results showed that as DNPs were 200 μg/mL, and the contents of NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells were about 13.39% and 13.39%, 43.88% and 43.51%, 17.80% and 15.37%, 13.84% and 20.66%, and 938.85% and 907.77% of those in control group, respectively. It was indicated that DNP1 and DNP2 inhibited the inflammatory response of RAW 264.7 cells induced by LPS via suppressing the level of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) and promoting the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10). Therefore, DNP1 and DNP2 have potential applications in the treatment of inflammatory injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xueqin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Li Yao
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lanyan Cen
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lian Li
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yiyi Lv
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chaoyang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-851-88292178
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10
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Subcritical Water Enhanced with Deep Eutectic Solvent for Extracting Polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes and Their Antioxidant Activities. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113612. [PMID: 35684548 PMCID: PMC9182456 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, subcritical water extraction (SWE) assisted with deep eutectic solvent (DES) is used to extract Lentinus edodes polysaccharides (LEP). In addition, the antioxidant activity of the polysaccharide samples was also investigated. Based on a single factor test and response surface test, the optimal extraction factors were a liquid–solid solvent of 40:1 mL/g, extraction temperature of 147.23 °C, water content of 39.76% and extraction time of 17.58 min. Under these extraction conditions, the yield of LEP was 6.26 ± 0.08%. Compared with the SWE and hot water extraction (HWE), it improved by 19.24% and 17.01%, respectively. In addition, the results of monosaccharide composition, molecular weight, FT-IR, UV and SEM confirmed that the extracts had the features of polysaccharides. Interestingly, the polysaccharides obtained with the SWE assisted with the DES procedure showed a higher DPPH scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, which indicated that the polysaccharides with this method had a stronger antioxidant activity. These findings demonstrated that the SWE-assisted DES is a strong method to obtain polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes for food, biopharmaceutical and other industrial production.
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11
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Guo R, Chen M, Ding Y, Yang P, Wang M, Zhang H, He Y, Ma H. Polysaccharides as Potential Anti-tumor Biomacromolecules —A Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:838179. [PMID: 35295918 PMCID: PMC8919066 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.838179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer, as one of the most life-threatening diseases, has attracted the attention of researchers to develop drugs with minimal side effects. The bioactive macromolecules, such as the polysaccharides, are considered the potential candidates against cancer due to their anti-tumor activities and non-toxic characteristics. The present review provides an overview on polysaccharides' extraction, isolation, purification, mechanisms for their anti-tumor activities, structure-activity relationships, absorption and metabolism of polysaccharides, and the applications of polysaccharides in anti-tumor therapy. Numerous research showed extraction methods of polysaccharides had a significant influence on their activities. Additionally, the anti-tumor activities of the polysaccharides are closely related to their structure, while molecular modification and high bioavailability may enhance the anti-tumor activity. Moreover, most of the polysaccharides exerted an anti-tumor activity mainly through the cell cycle arrest, anti-angiogenesis, apoptosis, and immunomodulation mechanisms. Also, recommendations were made to utilize the polysaccharides against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Min Chen
- The Laboratory Animal Research Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yangyang Ding
- The Laboratory Animal Research Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Pengyao Yang
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Mengjiao Wang
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Haihui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuanqing He
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- The Laboratory Animal Research Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yuanqing He
| | - Haile Ma
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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12
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Gao S, Yan S, Zhou Y, Feng Y, Xie X, Guo W, Shen Q, Chen C. Optimisation of enzyme-assisted extraction of Erythronium sibiricum bulb polysaccharide and its effects on immunomodulation. Glycoconj J 2022; 39:357-368. [PMID: 35138526 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-021-10038-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In this study, polysaccharides of Erythronium sibiricum bulb were extracted using enzyme-assisted extraction technology and then optimised by response surface methodology. The characteristics and immunomodulatory activities of the polysaccharide (E1P) were investigated. Setting the yield of polysaccharides as the index, the effects of amylase content, zymolytic time, extraction pH and zymolytic temperature were investigated. The optimal extraction conditions for polysaccharides were as follows: amylase content, 1% weight of pre-treated powder; zymolytic time, 2 h; extraction pH, 7.5; and zymolytic temperature, 55 °C. The yield was predicted to be 61.10%, which agreed with the value obtained in confirmatory experiments (59.71% ± 2.72%). Further research indicated that the primary component of E1P is glucose; however, it also contains a small quantity of galactose and arabinose. In vitro assays showed that E1P and ESBP (another kind of E. sibiricum bulb polysaccharide extracted by water decoction in our previous study) could significantly promote the cellular viability and phagocytosis of RAW264.7 cells without cytotoxicity. Moreover, they could enhance the ability to secrete nitric oxide and cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β. However, the immunomodulatory activities of E1P were better than those of ESBP. According to the results of this study, enzyme-assisted extraction represents a new strategy for extracting E. sibiricum bulb polysaccharides with higher yield and better immune activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Gao
- Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shujing Yan
- Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Urumqi Customs District P.R. China, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiangyun Xie
- Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qi Shen
- Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chunli Chen
- Pharmacy College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, China.
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13
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Liu K, Xie L, Gu H, Luo J, Li X. Ultrasonic extraction, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of oligosaccharides from red yeast rice. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:204-217. [PMID: 35035922 PMCID: PMC8751434 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Red yeast rice is consumed as a medicinal food to lower blood lipids. Besides, it is used to color food, make wine, etc. In this study, water-soluble oligosaccharides in red yeast rice were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted extraction method. The parameters to extract oligosaccharides from red yeast rice were optimized by the Box-Behnken design under the following optimal extraction conditions: extraction temperature, 60°C; extraction time, 97 min; and liquid/material ratio, 25 ml/g. The structure and the antioxidant activity of the new oligosaccharide were preliminarily investigated. Total carbohydrates extracted from red yeast rice with 80% ethanol-water solution (v/v) were first removed from pigments using D101 macroporous adsorption resin. The total sugar contents were then purified by DE52 resins and Sephadex G-25 resins to obtain red yeast rice oligosaccharides, coded as RYRO1. Structural characterization experiments indicated that RYRO1 is an oligosaccharide with a weight average molecular weight of 874 Da and a theoretical degree of polymerization of 4.86. RYRO1 is composed of mannose, glucosamine, glucose, and galactose with a molar ratio of 0.248:0.019:1:0.026. The ABTS, DPPH, and hydroxyl free radical scavenging assays showed antioxidant nature of RYRO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Long Xie
- School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Huan Gu
- School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Jia Luo
- School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Xiaofang Li
- School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
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14
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Cui Y, Liu X, Yi J, Kang Q, Hao L, Lu J. Cognition of polysaccharides from confusion to clarity: when the next "omic" will come? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-16. [PMID: 34845952 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2007045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
With the accelerated pace of modern life, people are facing more and more health pressure. The study of polysaccharides seemed a good choice as a potential treasure trove. Polysaccharides, one of the four basic substances (proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and carbohydrates) that constitute life activities, are obviously an underrated macromolecular substance with great potential. Compared with protein and nucleic acid, the research of polysaccharides is still in the primary stage. The relationship between structure and function of polysaccharides is not clear. In this review, we highlighted the main methods of extraction, purification and structure identification of polysaccharides; summarized their biological activities including immunoregulation, hypoglycemic, anti-tumor, anti-virus, anti-coagulation, and so on. Particularly, the relationship between their structures and activities was described. In addition, the applications of polysaccharides in health food, medicine and cosmetics were also reviewed. This review can help polysaccharide researchers quickly understand the whole process of polysaccharides research, and also provide a reference for the comprehensive utilization of polysaccharides. We need to standardize the research of polysaccharides to make the experimental data more universal, and take it as important references in the review process. Glycomic may appear as the next "omic" after genomic and proteomic in the future. This review provides support for the advancement of glycomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxin Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,School of Chemical Engineering, Joint Research Center for Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Yi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiaozhen Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Limin Hao
- Institute of Quartermaster Engineering and Technology, Academy of Military Sciences PLA China, Beijing, China
| | - Jike Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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15
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Wu X, Huang J, Wang J, Xu Y, Yang X, Sun M, Shi J. Multi-Pharmaceutical Activities of Chinese Herbal Polysaccharides in the Treatment of Pulmonary Fibrosis: Concept and Future Prospects. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:707491. [PMID: 34489700 PMCID: PMC8418122 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.707491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a fatal chronic progressive respiratory disease, characterized by continuous scarring of the lung parenchyma, leading to respiratory failure and death. The incidence of PF has increased over time. There are drugs, yet, there are some limitations. Hence, it is of importance to find new therapies and new drugs to replace the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. In recent years, there have been a great number of research reports on the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides in various system fields. Among them, the treatment of PF has also gained extensive attention. This review summarized the source of polysaccharides, the drug activity of traditional Chinese medicine, and the protective effects on targets of Pulmonary fibrosis. We hope it can inspire researchers to design and develop polysaccharides, serving as a reference for potential clinical therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbo Wu
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chegdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianli Huang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yihua Xu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinwei Yang
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chegdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Minghan Sun
- Central of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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16
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Cheng Y, Xue F, Yu S, Du S, Yang Y. Subcritical Water Extraction of Natural Products. Molecules 2021; 26:4004. [PMID: 34209151 PMCID: PMC8271798 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Subcritical water refers to high-temperature and high-pressure water. A unique and useful characteristic of subcritical water is that its polarity can be dramatically decreased with increasing temperature. Therefore, subcritical water can behave similar to methanol or ethanol. This makes subcritical water a green extraction fluid used for a variety of organic species. This review focuses on the subcritical water extraction (SBWE) of natural products. The extracted materials include medicinal and seasoning herbs, vegetables, fruits, food by-products, algae, shrubs, tea leaves, grains, and seeds. A wide range of natural products such as alkaloids, carbohydrates, essential oil, flavonoids, glycosides, lignans, organic acids, polyphenolics, quinones, steroids, and terpenes have been extracted using subcritical water. Various SBWE systems and their advantages and drawbacks have also been discussed in this review. In addition, we have reviewed co-solvents including ethanol, methanol, salts, and ionic liquids used to assist SBWE. Other extraction techniques such as microwave and sonication combined with SBWE are also covered in this review. It is very clear that temperature has the most significant effect on SBWE efficiency, and thus, it can be optimized. The optimal temperature ranges from 130 to 240 °C for extracting the natural products mentioned above. This review can help readers learn more about the SBWE technology, especially for readers with an interest in the field of green extraction of natural products. The major advantage of SBWE of natural products is that water is nontoxic, and therefore, it is more suitable for the extraction of herbs, vegetables, and fruits. Another advantage is that no liquid waste disposal is required after SBWE. Compared with organic solvents, subcritical water not only has advantages in ecology, economy, and safety, but also its density, ion product, and dielectric constant can be adjusted by temperature. These tunable properties allow subcritical water to carry out class selective extractions such as extracting polar compounds at lower temperatures and less polar ingredients at higher temperatures. SBWE can mimic the traditional herbal decoction for preparing herbal medication and with higher extraction efficiency. Since SBWE employs high-temperature and high-pressure, great caution is needed for safe operation. Another challenge for application of SBWE is potential organic degradation under high temperature conditions. We highly recommend conducting analyte stability checks when carrying out SBWE. For analytes with poor SBWE efficiency, a small number of organic modifiers such as ethanol, surfactants, or ionic liquids may be added.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (Y.C.); (F.X.); (S.Y.); (S.D.)
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
- Department of Chemistry, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Fumin Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (Y.C.); (F.X.); (S.Y.); (S.D.)
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Shuai Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (Y.C.); (F.X.); (S.Y.); (S.D.)
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Shichao Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (Y.C.); (F.X.); (S.Y.); (S.D.)
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Former Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Chemistry, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
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17
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Ma X, Jing J, Yu J, Wang J, Zhu H, Hu Z. Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Apple Pectin-Fe(III) Complex. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:1391-1399. [PMID: 33490798 PMCID: PMC7818595 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, apple pectin (AP) extracted from apple pomace was used to chelate with Fe(III) to synthesize an AP-Fe(III) complex. The obtained AP-Fe(III) complex was characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XPS, and TG analysis. The Fe content in the AP-Fe(III) complex was determined to be 24.5%. Moreover, the reduction properties of the complex were also investigated. The AP-Fe(III) complex was found to be soluble in water and maintained stability in the pH range of 3-8. The complex was reduced to Fe(II) after 6 h. In addition, the AP-Fe(III) complex did not release iron ions in the simulated gastric fluid, and Fe release of the complex reached 96.5% after 4 h of digestion in simulated intestinal fluid. In particular, the antioxidant activity of the AP-Fe(III) complex against free DPPH and ABTS radicals was evaluated. The results obtained in this study demonstrate the potential of the AP-Fe(III) complex as a novel iron supplement.
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18
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Zhang J, Xu HX, Zhao ZL, Xian YF, Lin ZX. Dendrobium nobile Lindl: A Review on Its Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Effects. CHINESE MEDICINE AND CULTURE 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/cmac.cmac_44_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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19
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Zhang X, Zhao R, Zheng S, Chun Z, Hu Y. Dendrobium liquor eliminates free radicals and suppresses cellular proteins expression disorder to protect cells from oxidant damage. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13509. [PMID: 33025642 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dendrobium liquor obtained by soaking Dendrobium in Chinese liquor is considered as a health drink in China. Here, we found the pretreatment of extract of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. liquor (DNLE) attenuated the oxidative damage to cells caused by H2 O2 , while the abilities of DNLE of eliminating extracellular free radicals and promoting the activities of intracellular antioxidant enzymes were observed. Quantitative proteomics identified 375 differentially expressed proteins caused by H2 O2 treatment in 293T cells. However, only 12 differentially expressed proteins were found in DNLE-pretreated cells which under the same oxidative damage. This suggested that the pretreatment of DNLE could suppress the disorder of protein expressions caused by oxidative stress which could induce cell death. Besides, DNLE was helpful for avoiding the unfolded protein response (UPR) and cell cycle disorder caused by oxidative stress. Taken together, these results demonstrated that Dendrobium liquor could be a healthy herbal drink with antioxidant function. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Dendrobium is used as an edible herb and a tonic food in traditional Chinese medicine. Dendrobium liquor obtained by soaking Dendrobium with Chinese liquor is also regarded as a nourishing health drink. However, there is rare research data on biological activity of Dendrobium liquor. Our current results demonstrated that the extract of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. liquor (DNLE) possessed the ability of eliminating free radicals in/out the human cells. More importantly, DNLE could help cells to resist the interference on cell life activities caused by oxidative stress. Since many evidences suggested that oxidative stress is linked to human disease and aging, and chemical antioxidant has some side effects on health, Dendrobium liquor can serve as a natural health drink with antioxidant function. Furthermore, the active ingredients in DNLE also possess the potential to be developed as natural antioxidant additive in food and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruoxi Zhao
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Shigang Zheng
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Ze Chun
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yadong Hu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
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Ma X, Jing J, Wang J, Xu J, Hu Z. Extraction of Low Methoxyl Pectin from Fresh Sunflower Heads by Subcritical Water Extraction. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:15095-15104. [PMID: 32637782 PMCID: PMC7330903 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Subcritical water extraction (SWE) of pectin from fresh sunflower heads was optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal conditions for the maximum yield of pectin (6.57 ± 0.6%) were found to be a pressure of 8 bar, temperature of 120 °C, time of 20 min, and liquid-solid ratio (LSR) of 7 mL/g. The degree of esterification (DE) of pectin was analyzed by titrimetry and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) methods, which was low methoxyl pectin. The molecular weight (M w), galacturonic acid (GalA) content, and surface tension of pectin were 11.50 kDa, 82%, and 45.38 mN/m (1.5% w/v), respectively. Moreover, thermogravimetric (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis confirmed that pectin had excellent thermal stability. FTIR and 1H NMR spectra confirmed its structure. This study demonstrated that SWE could be used as a productive and environmentally friendly method for extracting pectin from fresh sunflower heads.
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21
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Feng YN, Zhang XF. Polysaccharide extracted from Huperzia serrata using response surface methodology and its biological activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 157:267-275. [PMID: 32339584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Huperzia serrata polysaccharide (HSP) fraction was isolated using response surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken design (BBD). The extraction time, temperature and ratio of water to raw material were employed effects. And properties of four polysaccharide (60%-HSP, 70%-HSP, 80%-HSP and 90%-HSP) were evaluated. The results indicated that the optimal extraction conditions were the following: 3.07 h, 49.46 °C and a liquid material ratio of 20.73:1. The four HSP presented irregular aggregation of shape. And all HSP exhibited antioxidant and anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ni Feng
- College of Veterinary medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xi-Feng Zhang
- College of Veterinary medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266100, China.
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