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Xu R, Sun B, Ji W, Sun J, Li P, Ren Z, Jing L. Construction of a CoNiHHTP MOF/PHI Z-Scheme Heterojunction for ppb Level NO 2 Photoelectric Sensing with 405 nm Irradiation at RT. ACS Sens 2024; 9:3187-3197. [PMID: 38809143 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Ultrasensitive photoelectric detection of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with PHI under visible light irradiation at room temperature (RT) remains an ongoing challenge due to the low charge separation and scarce adsorption sites. In this work, a dimensionally matched ultrathin CoNiHHTP MOF/PHI Z-scheme heterojunction is successfully constructed by taking advantage of the π-π interactions existing between the CoNiHHTP MOF and PHI. The amount-optimized heterojunction possesses a record detection limit of 1 ppb (response = 15.6%) for NO2 under 405 nm irradiation at RT, with reduced responsive (3.6 min) and recovery (2.7 min) times, good selectivity and reversibility, and long-time stability (150 days) compared with PHI, even superior to others reported at RT. Based on the time-resolved photoluminescence spectra, in situ X-ray photoelectron spectra, and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy results, the resulting sensing performance is attributed to the favorable Z-scheme charge transfer and separation. Moreover, the Ni nodes favorably present in adjacent metal sites between the lamellae contribute to charge transfer and redistribution, whereas Co nodes could act as selective centers for promoted adsorption of NO2. Interestingly, it is confirmed that the CoNiHHTP MOF/PHI heterojunction could effectively reduce the influence of O2 in the gas-sensitive reaction due to their unique bimetallic (Co and Ni) nodes, which is also favorable for the improved sensing performances for NO2. This work provides a feasible strategy to develop promising PHI-based optoelectronic gas sensors at RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Baihe Sun
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150022, P. R. China
| | - Wenting Ji
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Peng Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Jing
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
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Kim S, Han J, Choi JM, Nam JS, Lee IH, Lee Y, Novikov IV, Kauppinen EI, Lee K, Jeon I. Aerosol-Synthesized Surfactant-Free Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Based NO 2 Sensors: Unprecedentedly High Sensitivity and Fast Recovery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313830. [PMID: 38588005 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
This study pioneers a chemical sensor based on surfactant-free aerosol-synthesized single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) films for detecting nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Unlike conventional CNTs, the SWCNTs used in this study exhibit one of the highest surface-to-volume ratios. They show minimal bundling without the need for surfactants and have the lowest number of defects among reported CNTs. Furthermore, the dry-transferrable and facile one-step lamination results in promising industrial viability. When applied to devices, the sensor shows excellent sensitivity (41.6% at 500 ppb), rapid response/recovery time (14.2/120.8 s), a remarkably low limit of detection (below ≈0.161 ppb), minimal noise, repeatability for more than 50 cycles without fluctuation, and long-term stability for longer than 6 months. This is the best performance reported for a pure CNT-based sensor. In addition, the aerosol SWCNTs demonstrate consistent gas-sensing performance even after 5000 bending cycles, indicating their suitability for wearable applications. Based on experimental and theoretical analyses, the proposed aerosol CNTs are expected to overcome the limitations associated with conventional CNT-based sensors, thereby offering a promising avenue for various sensor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihyeok Kim
- Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiye Han
- Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Myung Choi
- Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Seok Nam
- Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Hyun Lee
- Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeounggyu Lee
- Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilya V Novikov
- Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Esko I Kauppinen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science Aalto University, Aalto, 15100, Finland
| | - Keekeun Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Jeon
- Department of Nano Engineering, Department of Nano Science and Technology, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
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Zheng Q, Wang T, Zhang G, Zhang X, Huang C, Cheng X, Huo L, Cui X, Xu Y. Synergy of Active Sites and Charge Transfer in Branched WO 3/W 18O 49 Heterostructures for Enhanced NO 2 Sensing. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1391-1400. [PMID: 38364864 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Achieving reliable detection of trace levels of NO2 gas is essential for environmental monitoring and protection of human health protection. Herein, a thin-film gas sensor based on branched WO3/W18O49 heterostructures was fabricated. The optimized WO3/W18O49 sensor exhibited outstanding NO2 sensing properties with an ultrahigh response value (1038) and low detection limit (10 ppb) at 50 °C. Such excellent sensing performance could be ascribed to the synergistic effect of accelerated charge transfer and increased active sites, which is confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and temperature-programmed desorption characterization. The sensor exhibited an excellent detection ability to NO2 under different air quality conditions. This work provides an effective strategy for constructing WO3/W18O49 heterostructures for developing NO2 gas sensors with an excellent sensing performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyue Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
- Postdoctoral Workstation of Zhejiang Fomay Technology Co., Ltd., Linhai 317099, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guanyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Xianfa Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Chaobo Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Lihua Huo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Xinlei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Energy Storage Materials, Suihua University, Suihua 152061, China
| | - Yingming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
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Zhang S, Lai X, Xiao R, Pang L, Lu Z, He X, Gao J. Size-Dependent Response of Hydrothermally Grown SnO 2 for a High-Performance NO 2 Sensor and the Impact of Oxygen. ACS Sens 2024; 9:195-205. [PMID: 38166241 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
A NO2 sensor with a detection limit down to the ppb level based on pristine SnO2 has been developed through a facile poly(acrylic acid)-mediated hydrothermal method. SnO2 particles of solid microsphere, hollow microsphere, and nanosphere morphologies were synthesized, with respective constitutional crystallite of size ∼2 μm in length and 10-20 nm and ∼7 nm in diameter. All sensors show great selectivity to NO2. The hollow microsphere sensor exhibits the best performance, with medium specific surface area (SSA), followed by the nanosphere sensor with the largest SSA. This is attributed to the superposition of two opposite effects on sensor response with increased SSA: more adsorption sites and fewer electrons to be taken out with overly small crystallite that may reach complete depletion. O2 is found to speed up the response and recovery times but reduce the response because O adsorbates facilitate the adsorption/desorption of NO2 thermodynamically, and the two oxidizing gases compete in harvesting electrons from SnO2. The adverse effect of humidity can be minimized by operating the sensor at 110 °C. The response of the hollow microsphere sensor to 50 ppb of NO2 is 8.8 (Rg/Ra) at room temperature, and it increases to 15.1 at 110 °C. These findings are useful for developing other oxidizing gas semiconductor sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xin Lai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ruibo Xiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Long Pang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhenya Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xinhua He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Junning Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Singh S, Oum W, Kim SS, Kim HW. Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Highly Stable Room Temperature and Humidity-Tolerant Triethylamine Sensing. ACS Sens 2023; 8:4664-4675. [PMID: 38064547 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Triethylamine (TEA) poses a significant threat to our health and is extremely difficult to detect at the parts-per-billion (ppb) level at room temperature. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are versatile materials used in chemiresistive vapor sensing. However, achieving high sensitivity and selectivity with a low detection limit remains a challenge for pristine CNTs, hindering their widespread commercial application. To address these issues, we propose functionalized multiwalled CNTs (MWCNTs) with carboxylic acid (COOH)-based sensing channels for ultrasensitive TEA detection under ambient conditions. Advanced structural analyses confirmed the necessary modification of MWCNTs after functionalization. The sensor exhibited excellent sensitivity to TEA in air, with a superior noise-free signal (10 ppb), an extremely low limit of detection (LOD ≈ 0.8 ppb), excellent repeatability, and long-term stability under ambient conditions. Moreover, the response values became more stable, demonstrating excellent humidity resistance (40-80% RH). Notably, the functionalized MWCNT sensor exhibited improved response and recovery kinetics (200 and 400 s) to 10 ppm of TEA compared to the pristine MWCNT sensor (400 and 1300 s), and the selectivity coefficient for TEA gas was improved by approximately three times against various interferants, including ammonia, formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide. The remarkable improvements in TEA detection were mainly associated with the large specific surface area, abundant active sites, adsorbed oxygen, and other defects. The sensing mechanism was thoroughly explained by using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). This study provides a new platform for CNT-based chemiresistive sensors with high selectivity, low detection limits, and enhanced precision with universal potential for applications in food safety and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhwinder Singh
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Wansik Oum
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Sub Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoun Woo Kim
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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