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Zhou S, Zhang L, Zou L, Ayubi BI, Wang Y. Mechanism Analysis and Potential Applications of Atomic Oxygen Erosion Protection for Kapton-Type Polyimide Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1687. [PMID: 38932037 PMCID: PMC11207231 DOI: 10.3390/polym16121687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyimide (PI) is widely used in aerospace applications due to its excellent properties. However, the high concentration of atomic oxygen (AO) in low-earth orbit (LEO) significantly degrades its performance. This study employs reactive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to analyze the AO erosion resistance of fluorinated polyimide (FPI) and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) composite polyimide models. The 35 ps simulation results indicate that the PI/POSS composite exhibits the best protective performance. The protection mechanism involves the formation of an SiO2 carbonized layer that prevents the transmission of AO and heat to the polyimide matrix, resulting in a normalized mass of 84.1% after erosion. The FPI model shows the second-best protective effect, where the introduction of -CF3 groups enhances the thermal stability of the polyimide matrix, resulting in a normalized mass of 80.7% after erosion. This study explores the protective effects and mechanisms of different polyimide protection methods at the molecular level, providing new insights for the design of AO erosion protection systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
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2
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Wang X, Zhao Y, Li H, Gao W, Liu Y, Sun A, Ma K, Hu Z, Wang Y. Adhesion and Transparency Enhancement between Flexible Polyimide-PDMS Copolymerized Film and Copper Foil for LED Transparent Screen. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1591. [PMID: 38891537 PMCID: PMC11174799 DOI: 10.3390/polym16111591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
With the increasing demand for innovative electronic products, LED transparent screens are gradually entering the public eye. Polyimide (PI) materials combine high temperature resistance and high transparency, which can be used to prepare flexible copper-clad laminate substrates. The physical and chemical properties of PI materials differ from copper, such as their thermal expansion coefficients (CTEs), surface energy, etc. These differences affect the formation and stability of the interface between copper and PI films, resulting in a short life for LED transparent screens. To enhance PI-copper interfacial adhesion, aminopropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) can be used to increase the adhesive ability. Two diamine monomers with a trifluoromethyl structure and a sulfone group structure were selected in this research. Bisphenol type A diether dianhydride is a dianhydride monomer. All three of the above monomers have non-coplanar structures and flexible structural units. The adhesion and optical properties can be improved between the interface of the synthesized PI films and copper foil. PI films containing PDMS 0, 1, 3, and 5 wt% were analyzed using UV spectroscopy. The transmittance of the PI-1/3%, PI-1/5%, PI-2/3%, and PI-2/5% films were all more than 80% at 450 nm. Meanwhile, the Td 5% and Td 10% heat loss and Tg temperatures decreased gradually with the increase in PDMS. The peel adhesion of PI-copper foil was measured using a 180° peel assay. The effect of PDMS addition on peel adhesion was analyzed. PIs-3% films had the greatest peeling intensities of 0.98 N/mm and 0.85 N/mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinming Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (H.L.); (W.G.); (Y.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Yuting Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (H.L.); (W.G.); (Y.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Heming Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (H.L.); (W.G.); (Y.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Weiguo Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (H.L.); (W.G.); (Y.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (H.L.); (W.G.); (Y.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Anning Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (H.L.); (W.G.); (Y.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Ke Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (H.L.); (W.G.); (Y.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Zhizhi Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (H.L.); (W.G.); (Y.L.); (A.S.)
- Oxiranchem Holding Group Co., Ltd., Liaoyang 111003, China
| | - Yongqi Wang
- School of Information and Engineering, Liaoning Agricultural Technical College, Yingkou 115009, China
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3
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Wei D, Zeng F, Cui J. Reactive Molecular Dynamics Study of the Mechanism and Effect of Various Protective Coatings on the Protection of Polyimide Antierosion from Atomic Oxygen. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:378-391. [PMID: 38171542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c06406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Polyimide (PI), due to its exceptional performance, is commonly utilized in spacecraft. However, when such polymers are used in spacecraft navigating low Earth orbit, they are exposed to atomic oxygen (AO) that can cause the polymer to decompose. A protective coating method is a more effective way to safeguard the polymer from erosion caused by AO. This study employs the molecular dynamics simulation based on the reaction force field to investigate the protective effects of various coatings, including polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), graphene (Gr), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and the (0 0 1), (0 1 1), and (1 1 1) surfaces of SiO2. The results indicate that the protective performance of the (0 1 1) surface is superior to that of the (0 0 1) and (1 1 1) surfaces. Moreover, protective coatings are classified into three categories based on different protective mechanisms: rebound, absorption, and sacrificial. The protective effectiveness of coatings depends on their anti-AO performance and ability to combine with the substrate. Gr displays exceptional anti-AO properties and can effectively shield the substrate from AO erosion. Silicone-based coatings have a superior ability to adhere to PI substrates, and PDMS is an excellent choice for protective coatings. This paper offers guidance for the protective coating method of PIs against AO erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahai Wei
- Department of Astronautic Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150006, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanlin Zeng
- Department of Astronautic Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzheng Cui
- Department of Astronautic Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150006, People's Republic of China
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4
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Yang X, Sun G, Guo G, Zou F, Li W, Lian R, Liu H, Wang C, Zhao H, Li W, Song B, Zhang G. Tailoring Organic/Inorganic Interface Trap States of Metal Oxide/Polyimide toward Improved Vacuum Surface Insulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:40963-40974. [PMID: 37599413 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
High-voltage and high-power devices are indispensable in spacecraft for outer space explorations, whose operations require aerospace materials with adequate vacuum surface insulation performance. Despite persistent attempts to fabricate such materials, current efforts are restricted to trial-and-error methods and a universal design guideline is missing. The present work proposes to improve the vacuum surface insulation by tailoring the surface trap state density and energy level of the metal oxides with varied bandgaps, using coating on a polyimide (PI) substrate, aiming for a more systematical workflow for the insulation material design. First-principle calculations and trap diagnostics are employed to evaluate the material properties and reveal the interplay between trap states and the flashover threshold, supported by dedicated analyses of the flashover voltage, secondary electron emission (SEE) from insulators, and surface charging behaviors. Experimental results suggest that the coated PI (i.e., CuO@PI, SrO@PI, MgO@PI, and Al2O3@PI) can effectively increase the trap density and alter the trap energy levels. Elevated trap density is demonstrated to always yield lower SEE. In addition, increasing shallow trap density accelerates surface charge dissipation, which is favorable for improving surface insulation. CuO@PI exhibits the most remarkable increase in shallow trap density, and accordingly, the highest flashover voltage is 42.5% higher than that of pristine PI. This study reveals the critical role played by surface trap states in flashover mitigation and offers a novel strategy to optimize the surface insulation of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Guangyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Swiss Plasma Center (SPC), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guangzhi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Fangzheng Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Wenrui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Ruhui Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Haoyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Haoxiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Wendong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Baipeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Guanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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5
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Zhai R, Yang X, Jiang L, Gao H, Zhang Y, Jiao Z. Synergistic effects of atomic oxygen and thermal cycling in low earth orbit on polymer-matrixed space material. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17431. [PMID: 37554821 PMCID: PMC10404884 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer-matrixed materials are widely used in the spacecrafts' structures. However, crafts located in the LEO(Low Earth Orbit) would suffer from hazardous environment factors when orbiting in the space. It has been reported that the space environment factors' integral effect (which represents the factual detriment in space) is not equivalent to the simple summation of each individual. Hence, atomic oxygen and thermal cycling were selected as the starting point for studying the typical LEO synergistic effects on polymer-matrixed space material. In this work, methods such as surface morphology observation, surface components analyzation and inter-laminar-shear strength test were embraced to gather the basic information for the study of degradation. As a result, focusing on the composites selected in this work, synergistic effects do exist between the two factors (AO&TC, representing for atomic oxygen and thermal cycling combined). Besides, a quantified index was proposed to represent synergistic characteristics,so as to lay the foundation for the scientific evolution of material characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqiong Zhai
- Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Xiaoning Yang
- Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Lixiang Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Hong Gao
- China Aerospace Components Engineering Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zilong Jiao
- Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering, Beijing, 100094, China
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6
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Nguyen VP, Jeon I, Yang S, Choi ST. Mesoscale Simulation of Polymer Pyrolysis by Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics: A Parametric Study. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37307299 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Full comprehension of the pyrolysis of polymer materials is crucial for the design and application of thermal protection systems; however, it involves complex phenomena at different spatial and temporal scales. To bridge the gap between the abundant atomistic simulations and continuum modeling in the literature, we perform a novel mesoscale study of the pyrolysis process using coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CG MD) simulations. Polyethylene (PE) consisting of united atoms including implicit hydrogen is considered a model polymer, and the configurational change of PE in thermal degradation is modeled by applying the bond-breaking phenomenon based on bond energy or bond length criteria. A cook-off simulation is implemented to optimize the heuristic protocol of bond dissociation by comparing the reaction products with a ReaxFF simulation. The aerobic hyperthermal pyrolysis under oxygen bombardment is simulated at a large scale of hundreds of nanometers to observe the intricate phenomena occurring from the surface to the depth inside the material. The intrinsic thermal durability of the model polymer at extreme conditions with and without oxygen environment can be effectively simulated from the proposed mesoscale simulation to predict important thermal degradation properties required for continuum-scale pyrolysis and ablation simulations. This work serves as an initial investigation of polymer pyrolysis at the mesoscale and helps understand the concept at a larger scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinh Phu Nguyen
- Functional Materials and Applied Mechanics Lab, School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Inseok Jeon
- Mechanical Energy Engineering Division, School of Energy Systems Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghwa Yang
- Mechanical Energy Engineering Division, School of Energy Systems Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Tae Choi
- Functional Materials and Applied Mechanics Lab, School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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7
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Qi H, Lei Y, Lei X, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Yu J, Guo B. High Wear Resistance of POSS Grafted-Polyimide/Silica Composites under Atomic Oxygen Conditions. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102385. [PMID: 37242958 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyimide-bearing retainer has been successfully used in space environment. However, the structural damage of polyimide induced by space irradiation limits its wide use. In order to further improve the atomic oxygen resistance of polyimide and comprehensively investigate the tribological mechanism of polyimide composites exposed in simulate space environment, 3-amino-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (NH2-POSS) was incorporated into a polyimide molecular chain and silica (SiO2) nanoparticles were in situ added into polyimide matrix and the combined effect of vacuum environment, and atomic oxygen (AO) on the tribological performance of polyimide was studied using bearing steel as the counterpart by a ball on disk tribometer. XPS analysis demonstrated the formation of protective layer induced by AO. The wear resistance of polyimide after modification was enhanced under AO attack. FIB-TEM confirmed that the inert protective layer of Si was formed on the counterpart during the sliding process. Mechanisms behind this are discussed based on the systematic characterization of worn surfaces of the samples and the tribofilms formed on the counterbody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Yang Lei
- Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Xuemei Lei
- Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Ding Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yafeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jiaxin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Baogang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing Process, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
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8
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Wu Z, Liu F, Yang S, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Yang H. Long-term Atomic Oxygen Resistant Polyimide Films Containing Carborane Nanocage Structure in the Main Chains. Polym Degrad Stab 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2023.110280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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9
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The effects of atomic oxygen and ion irradiation degradation on multi-polymers: A combined ground-based exposure and ReaxFF-MD simulation. Polym Degrad Stab 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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10
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Zhao Z, Ma Y, Ju P, Wu Y, Chen L, Zhou H, Chen J. Improved Wear Resistance and Environmental Adaptability of a Polysiloxane/Molybdenum Disulfide Composite Lubricating Coating Using Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:36105-36115. [PMID: 35899424 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polysiloxane/molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) composite lubricating coatings that are used in low-earth orbit spacecraft have high resistance to atomic oxygen attack and outstanding vacuum tribological properties. However, their atmospheric environment wear resistance and adaptability under high humidity are poor. In this paper, octa-aminophenyl T8-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (NH2-POSS) was used to enhance their atmospheric wear resistance and environmental adaptability to increase the protection of polysiloxane lubricating coatings for spacecraft. In this study, the effect of NH2-POSS on the mechanical properties of a polysiloxane coating and the tribological properties of the POSS-enhanced polysiloxane/MoS2 lubricating coating were investigated and the mechanism of NH2-POSS enhancement was discussed. Results showed that the addition of NH2-POSS markedly improved the hardness and elastic modulus of the polysiloxane coatings by increasing the crosslink density of the polysiloxanes and nanofiller effect of POSS. Among them, 6 wt% NH2-POSS can reduce the wear rate of the lubricating coating by 25%. In addition, this study also explores the adaptability of polysiloxane/MoS2 lubricating coatings in a high-humidity environment and an atomic oxygen irradiation environment, which provides a reference for further optimization of polysiloxane lubricating coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yanjun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Ju
- Shanghai Aerospace Equipment Manufacture, Shanghai 200245, PR China
| | - Yanping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Huidi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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11
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Wang J, Xiao R, Liu R, Ping A, Wang Z, Liu J, Zhang S, Liu Y. DC Surface Flashover Characteristics of Polyimide Containing Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) in the Main Chains under Vacuum. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122453. [PMID: 35746027 PMCID: PMC9229332 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyimide, which is widely used to insulate power equipment operating in a vacuum environment, is prone to insulation failure due to surface flashover. Using POSS to modify it is an effective solution. This paper focuses on the study of DC surface flashover characteristics in vacuum of POSS/polyimide composite film, by introducing 1%, 3%, 5% equivalent mole content of POSS into polyimide, and conducting a surface flashover characteristics test in vacuum together with pure polyimide. The physical and chemical properties of the composite films were tested utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. Combined with resistivity, SEM, and other test techniques, the influence mechanism of POSS molecular modification on DC surface flashover characteristics of polyimide films in vacuum was initially revealed. The results showed that after the introduction of POSS, the overall functional group structure of polyimide remained unchanged, the intermolecular charge transfer complexation was inhibited, and the transmittance of the film increased. The thermal conductivity and thermogravimetric temperature of the film are improved to a certain extent, and the mechanical properties are slightly decreased. With the increase of the introduced POSS content, the dielectric strength of the composite film is also enhanced. The surface flashover voltage of the composite film with a POSS content of 5% is 17.5 kV in vacuum, which is 30.5% higher than that of the pure film. Further analysis shows that the introduction of POSS will reduce the resistivity of the composite film, accelerate the dissipation of surface charges, and increase the flashover voltage. In addition, POSS forms a uniformly distributed Si-O-Si cage-like structure through molecular modification. When the surface of the film is damaged, SiOx inorganic flocculent particles are generated, which can not only scatter electrons, but also shallow the depth of trap energy level and accelerate the dissipation rate of surface charge, thus increasing the flashover voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, Beijing 102206, China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; (R.X.); (R.L.); (A.P.); (Z.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-15801639524
| | - Ruofan Xiao
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; (R.X.); (R.L.); (A.P.); (Z.W.)
| | - Renying Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; (R.X.); (R.L.); (A.P.); (Z.W.)
| | - An Ping
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; (R.X.); (R.L.); (A.P.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; (R.X.); (R.L.); (A.P.); (Z.W.)
| | - Jikui Liu
- Beijing Institute of Control Engineering, Beijing 102206, China; (J.L.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shumin Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Control Engineering, Beijing 102206, China; (J.L.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanmin Liu
- Beijing Institute of Control Engineering, Beijing 102206, China; (J.L.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.)
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12
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Progress in Aromatic Polyimide Films for Electronic Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14061269. [PMID: 35335599 PMCID: PMC8951356 DOI: 10.3390/polym14061269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aromatic polyimides have excellent thermal stability, mechanical strength and toughness, high electric insulating properties, low dielectric constants and dissipation factors, and high radiation and wear resistance, among other properties, and can be processed into a variety of materials, including films, fibers, carbon fiber composites, engineering plastics, foams, porous membranes, coatings, etc. Aromatic polyimide materials have found widespread use in a variety of high-tech domains, including electric insulating, microelectronics and optoelectronics, aerospace and aviation industries, and so on, due to their superior combination characteristics and variable processability. In recent years, there have been many publications on aromatic polyimide materials, including several books available to readers. In this review, the representative progress in aromatic polyimide films for electronic applications, especially in our laboratory, will be described.
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13
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Influence of POSS Type on the Space Environment Durability of Epoxy-POSS Nanocomposites. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12020257. [PMID: 35055274 PMCID: PMC8777868 DOI: 10.3390/nano12020257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to use polymers at low Earth orbit (LEO) environment, they must be protected against atomic oxygen (AO) erosion. A promising protection strategy is to incorporate polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) molecules into the polymer backbone. In this study, the space durability of epoxy-POSS (EPOSS) nanocomposites was investigated. Two types of POSS molecules were incorporated separately—amine-based and epoxy-based. The outgassing properties of the EPOSS, in terms of total mass loss, collected volatile condensable material, and water vapor regain were measured as a function of POSS type and content. The AO durability was studied using a ground-based AO simulation system. Surface compositions of EPOSS were studied using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that with respect to the outgassing properties, only some of the EPOSS compositions were suitable for the ultrahigh vacuum space environment, and that the POSS type and content had a strong effect on their outgassing properties. Regardless of the POSS type being used, the AO durability improved significantly. This improvement is attributed to the formation of a self-passivated AO durable SiO2 layer, and demonstrates the potential use of EPOSS as a qualified nanocomposite for space applications.
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Guan Y, Sun Y, Shang D. Amine-functionalized POSS cross-linked the poly(imide siloxane) block copolymers nanocomposites: preparation, thermal properties, against atomic oxygen erosion. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2022.2026785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Guan
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Yue Sun
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Dejing Shang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
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15
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Jagannathan JR, Targos K, Franz AK. Synthesis of Functionalized Silsesquioxane Nanomaterials by Rhodium‐Catalyzed Carbene Insertion into Si−H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jake R. Jagannathan
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Davis One Shields Avenue Davis CA USA
| | - Karina Targos
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Davis One Shields Avenue Davis CA USA
| | - Annaliese K. Franz
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Davis One Shields Avenue Davis CA USA
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Pan XF, Wu B, Gao HL, Chen SM, Zhu Y, Zhou L, Wu H, Yu SH. Double-Layer Nacre-Inspired Polyimide-Mica Nanocomposite Films with Excellent Mechanical Stability for LEO Environmental Conditions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2105299. [PMID: 34802169 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their outstanding comprehensive performance, polyimide (PI) composite films are widely used on the external surfaces of spacecraft to protect them from the adverse conditions of low Earth orbit (LEO). However, current PI composite films have inadequate mechanical properties and atomic oxygen (AO) resistance. Herein, this work fabricates a new PI-based nanocomposite film with greatly enhanced mechanical properties and AO resistance by integrating mica nanosheets with PI into a unique double-layer nacre-inspired structure with a much higher density of mica nanosheets in the top layer. In addition, the unique microstructure and the intrinsic properties of mica also impart the nanocomposite film with favorable ultraviolet and high-temperature resistance. The comprehensive performance of this material is superior to those of pure PI, single-layer PI-mica, and previously reported PI-based composite films. Thus, the double-layer nanocomposite film displays great potential as an aerospace material for use in LEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Pan
- Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Bao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Huai-Ling Gao
- Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Si-Ming Chen
- Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - YinBo Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - LiChuan Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - HengAn Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Shu-Hong Yu
- Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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17
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Minton TK, Schwartzentruber TE, Xu C. On the Utility of Coated POSS-Polyimides for Vehicles in Very Low Earth Orbit. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:51673-51684. [PMID: 34672189 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The environment encountered by space vehicles in very low Earth orbit (VLEO, 180-350 km altitude) contains predominantly atomic oxygen (AO) and molecular nitrogen (N2), which collide with ram surfaces at relative velocities of ∼7.5 km s-1. Structural, thermal-control, and coating materials containing organic polymers are particularly susceptible to AO attack at these high velocities, resulting in erosion, roughening, and degradation of function. Copolymerization or blending of a polymer with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) yields a material that can resist AO attack through the formation of a passivating silicon-oxide layer. Still, these hybrid organic/inorganic polymers become rough through AO reactions as the passivating layer is forming. Surface roughness may enhance satellite drag because it promotes energy transfer and scattering angle randomization during gas-surface collisions. As potential low-drag and AO-resistant materials, we have investigated POSS-containing films of clear and Kapton-like polyimides that have an atomically smooth AO-resistant coating of Al2O3 that is grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD). Coated and uncoated films were exposed to hyperthermal molecular beams containing atomic and molecular oxygen to investigate their AO resistance, and molecular beam-surface scattering studies were conducted to characterize the gas-surface scattering dynamics on pristine and AO-exposed surfaces to inform drag predictions. The AO erosion yield of Al2O3 ALD-coated films is essentially zero. Simulations of drag on a representative satellite structure that are based on the observed scattering dynamics suggest that the use of Al2O3 ALD-coated POSS-polyimides on external satellite surfaces have the potential to reduce drag to less than half of that predicted for diffuse scattering surfaces. These smooth and AO-resistant polymer films thus show promise for use in an extreme oxidizing and high-drag environment in the VLEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy K Minton
- Smead Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Thomas E Schwartzentruber
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Chenbiao Xu
- Smead Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
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Jagannathan JR, Targos K, Franz AK. Synthesis of Functionalized Silsesquioxane Nanomaterials by Rhodium-Catalyzed Carbene Insertion into Si-H bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202110417. [PMID: 34693589 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report carbene insertion into Si-H bonds of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) for the synthesis of highly functionalized siloxane nanomaterials. Dirhodium(II) carboxylates catalyze insertion of aryl-diazoacetates as carbene precursors to afford POSS structures containing both ester and aryl groups as orthogonal functional handles for further derivatization of POSS materials. Four diverse and structurally varied silsesquioxane core scaffolds with one, three, or eight Si-H bonds were evaluated with diazo reactants to produce a total of 20 new POSS compounds. Novel diazo compounds containing a fluorinated octyl group and boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) chromophore demonstrate the use of highly functionalized substrates. Transformations of aryl(ester)-functionalized POSS compounds derived from this method are demonstrated, including ester hydrolysis and Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake R Jagannathan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Karina Targos
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Annaliese K Franz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, USA
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Wang D, Ma J, Li P, Fan L, Wu Y, Zhang Z, Xu C, Jiang L. Flexible Hard Coatings with Self-Evolution Behavior in a Low Earth Orbit Environment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:46003-46014. [PMID: 34533925 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lightweight, long lifetime, and flexible polymer membrane-based structures, which are tightly folded on the ground and then unfolded in space, suffer from repeated bending before launching and fatal erosion on exposure to atomic oxygen (AO) in a low Earth orbit (LEO). Although various AO-resistant coatings have been developed, a coating that can simultaneously meet the critical requirements for the mechanical robustness and long-term protection of polymer membranes is rare. Here, we fabricated a coating with mechanical robustness and long-term space endurance, starting from an inorganic polymer precursor. A hybrid coating with a nanoscale polymer/silica bicontinuous phase is first prepared on the ground, which exhibits outstanding flexibility and excellent abrasion resistance. Then, the coating shows an in situ self-evolution behavior under AO and ultraviolet (UV) synergism to afford dense and crack-free silica coating with outstanding endurance. Our strategy displays great potential for protecting deployable membrane structures serving in the LEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on High-tech Polymer Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jusha Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Space Power Sources, Shanghai 200245, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on High-tech Polymer Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on High-tech Polymer Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuemin Wu
- Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, P. R. China
| | - Zongbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on High-tech Polymer Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Caihong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on High-tech Polymer Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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20
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Xie F, Gong X, Huang L, Liu L, Leng J, Liu Y. Effects of accelerated aging on thermal, mechanical, and shape memory properties of a cyanate-based shape memory polymer: II atomic oxygen. Polym Degrad Stab 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2021.109515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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21
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Atomic Oxygen-Resistant Polyimide Composite Films Containing Nanocaged Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Components in Matrix and Fillers. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11010141. [PMID: 33435592 PMCID: PMC7827213 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
For the development of spacecraft with long-servicing life in low earth orbit (LEO), high-temperature resistant polymer films with long-term atomic oxygen (AO) resistant features are highly desired. The relatively poor AO resistance of standard polyimide (PI) films greatly limited their applications in LEO spacecraft. In this work, we successfully prepared a series of novel AO resistant PI composite films containing nanocaged polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) components in both the PI matrix and the fillers. The POSS-containing PI matrix film was prepared from a POSS-substituted aromatic diamine, N-[(heptaisobutyl-POSS)propyl]-3,5-diaminobenzamide (DABA-POSS) and a common aromatic diamine, 4,4′-oxydianline (ODA) and the aromatic dianhydride, pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) by a two-step thermal imidization procedure. The POSS-containing filler, trisilanolphenyl POSS (TSP-POSS) was added with the fixed proportion of 20 wt% in the final films. Incorporation of TSP-POSS additive apparently improved the thermal stability, but decreased the high-temperature dimensional stable nature of the PI composite films. The 5% weight loss temperature (T5%) of POSS-PI-20 with 20 wt% of DABA-POSS is 564 °C, and its coefficient of linear thermal expansion (CTE) is 81.0 × 10−6/K. The former is 16 °C lower and the latter was 20.0 × 10−6/K higher than those of the POSS-PI-10 film (T5% = 580 °C, CTE = 61.0 × 10−6/K), respectively. POSS components endowed the PI composite films excellent AO resistance and self-healing characteristics in AO environments. POSS-PI-30 exhibits the lowest AO erosion yield (Es) of 1.64 × 10−26 cm3/atom under AO exposure with a flux of 2.51 × 1021 atoms/cm2, which is more than two orders of magnitude lower than the referenced PI (PMDA-ODA) film. Inert silica or silicate passivation layers were detected on the surface of the PI composite films exposed to AO.
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22
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Andropova U, Serenko O, Tebeneva N, Tarasenkov A, Askadskii A, Afanasyev E, Novikov L, Chernik V, Voronina E, Muzafarov A. New oligomeric metallosiloxane - polyimide nanocomposites for anti-atomic-oxygen erosion. Polym Degrad Stab 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Cherkashina N, Pavlenko V, Noskov A, Shkaplerov A, Kuritsyn A, Popova E, Zaitsev S, Kuprieva O, Kashibadze N. Synthesis of PI/POSS nanocomposite films based on track nuclear membranes and assessment of their resistance to oxygen plasma flow. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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24
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Lv G, Xie S, Mao D, Ren G, Wu S, Yang W. Facile method for fabricating atomic oxygen resistant polyimide films with excellent optical homogeneity containing hyperbranched polysiloxane. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008320972783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mechanically robust optical homogeneous polyimide (PI) films with desirable atomic oxygen (AO) erosion duration were fabricated by initially synthesizing amine-functionalized hyperbranched polysiloxane (NH2-HBPSi), then reinforcing the pristine polyimide skeleton with it via copolycondensation reactions. NH2-HBPSi macromolecule imparts desirable AO survivability to the resulting hybrids. The mass loss per unit area of hybrid films had a downward trend with rising NH2-HBPSi content and AO dose before the complete silica protective layer was formed. It has been proven by the experiments in an underground simulated AO environment. It decreased to 1% of that of pristine polyimide when NH2-HBPSi accounted for 30% of the solid content after 24 h AO attack. The stable thickness uniformity that can meet the Rayleigh criterion was achieved in a 30 wt% HBPSi PI film, mainly due to the selection of the best process parameters. Meanwhile, 30 wt% HBPSi PI demonstrates satisfactory mechanical properties, with a tensile strength of 228.9 MPa and elongation at break of 7.3%. The characterization of scanning electron microscopy confirmed that pristine polyimide was substantially eroded after AO exposure while the surface morphology of 30 wt% HBPSi polyimide showed no evident change. The low AO erosion yield and prominent film thickness uniformity may find extensive usage in ultra-lightweight space diffractive optical elements (DOE) working in low earth orbit (LEO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Lv
- Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Songpei Xie
- School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Danbo Mao
- Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ge Ren
- Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shibin Wu
- Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Preparation and Properties of Intrinsically Atomic-Oxygen Resistant Polyimide Films Containing Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) in the Side Chains. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12122865. [PMID: 33265995 PMCID: PMC7760622 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The relatively poor atomic-oxygen (AO) resistance of the standard polyimide (PI) films greatly limits the wide applications in low earth orbit (LEO) environments. The introduction of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) units into the molecular structures of the PI films has been proven to be an effective procedure for enhancing the AO resistance of the PI films. In the current work, a series of POSS-substituted poly (pyromellitic anhydride-4,4′-oxydianiline) (PMDA-ODA) films (POSS-PI) with different POSS contents were synthesized via a POSS-containing diamine, N-[(heptaisobutyl-POSS)propyl]-3,5-diaminobenzamide (DABA-POSS). Subsequently, the effects of the molecular structures on the thermal, tensile, optical, and especially the AO-erosion behaviors of the POSS-PI films were investigated. The incorporation of the latent POSS substituents decreased the thermal stability and the high-temperature dimensional stability of the pristine PI-0 (PMDA-ODA) film. For instance, the PI-30 film with the DABA-POSS content of 30 wt% in the film exhibited a 5% weight loss temperature (T5%) of 512 °C and a coefficient of linear thermal expansion (CTE) of 54.6 × 10−6/K in the temperature range of 50–250 °C, respectively, which were all inferior to those of the PI-0 film (T5% = 574 °C; CTE = 28.9 × 10−6/K). In addition, the tensile properties of the POSS-containing PI films were also deteriorated, to some extent, due to the incorporation of the DABA-POSS components. The tensile strength (TS) of the POSS-PI films decreased with the order of PI-0 > PI-10 > PI-15 > PI-20 > PI-25 > PI-30, and so did the tensile modulus (TM) and the elongations at break (Eb). PI-30 showed the TS, TM, and Eb values of 75.0 MPa, 1.55 GPa, and 16.1%, respectively, which were all lower than those of the PI-0 film (TS = 131.0 MPa, TM = 1.88 GPa, Eb = 73.2%). Nevertheless, the incorporation of POSS components obviously increased the AO resistance of the PI films. All of the POSS-PI films survived from the AO exposure with the total fluence of 2.16 × 1021 atoms/cm2, while PI-0 was totally eroded under the same circumstance. The PI-30 film showed an AO erosion yield (Es) of 1.1 × 10−25 cm3/atom, which was approximately 3.67% of the PI-0 film (Es = 3.0 × 10−24 cm3/atom). Inert silica or silicate passivation layers were detected on the surface of the POSS-PI films after AO exposure, which efficiently prevented the further erosion of the under-layer materials.
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Serenko O, Andropova U, Tebeneva N, Buzin M, Afanasyev E, Tarasenkov A, Bukalov S, Leites L, Aysin R, Novikov L, Chernik V, Voronina E, Muzafarov A. Influence of the Composition of the Hybrid Filler on the Atomic Oxygen Erosion Resistance of Polyimide Nanocomposites. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3204. [PMID: 32708441 PMCID: PMC7411669 DOI: 10.3390/ma13143204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The structure and properties of nanocomposites based on organosoluble polyimide (PI) and branched functional metallosiloxane oligomers with different types of central metal atoms (Al, Cr, Fe, Zr, Hf and Nb) were investigated. Under the same weight content of the filler, the geometric parameters of the nanoparticles and thermal properties of the nanocomposites did not exhibit a direct relationship with the ability of the materials to withstand the incident flow of oxygen plasma. The atomic oxygenerosion resistance of the filled PI films was influenced by the composition of the hybrid fillerand the type of metal atom in the hybrid filler in the base metallosiloxane oligomer. To determine the effectiveness of the nanoparticles as protective elements of the polymer surface, the nanocomposite erosion yields pertaining to the concentration of the crosslinked organo-inorganic polymer forming the dispersed phase were determined and expressed in mmol per gram PI. The filler concentration in the polymer, expressed in these units, allows for comparison of the efficiency of different nanosize fillers for use in fabricating space survivable coatings. This can be important in the pursuit of new precursors, fillers for fabricating space survivable polymer composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Serenko
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova St., GSP-1, V-334, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (U.A.); (M.B.); (E.A.); (S.B.); (L.L.); (R.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Ulyana Andropova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova St., GSP-1, V-334, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (U.A.); (M.B.); (E.A.); (S.B.); (L.L.); (R.A.); (A.M.)
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of Russian Academy of Sciences, 70 Profsoyuznaya St., 117393 Moscow, Russia; (N.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Nadezhda Tebeneva
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of Russian Academy of Sciences, 70 Profsoyuznaya St., 117393 Moscow, Russia; (N.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Mihail Buzin
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova St., GSP-1, V-334, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (U.A.); (M.B.); (E.A.); (S.B.); (L.L.); (R.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Egor Afanasyev
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova St., GSP-1, V-334, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (U.A.); (M.B.); (E.A.); (S.B.); (L.L.); (R.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Aleksander Tarasenkov
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials of Russian Academy of Sciences, 70 Profsoyuznaya St., 117393 Moscow, Russia; (N.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Sergey Bukalov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova St., GSP-1, V-334, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (U.A.); (M.B.); (E.A.); (S.B.); (L.L.); (R.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Larisa Leites
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova St., GSP-1, V-334, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (U.A.); (M.B.); (E.A.); (S.B.); (L.L.); (R.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Rinat Aysin
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova St., GSP-1, V-334, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (U.A.); (M.B.); (E.A.); (S.B.); (L.L.); (R.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Lev Novikov
- D.V. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (L.N.); (V.C.); (E.V.)
| | - Vladimir Chernik
- D.V. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (L.N.); (V.C.); (E.V.)
| | - Ekaterina Voronina
- D.V. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (L.N.); (V.C.); (E.V.)
| | - Aziz Muzafarov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova St., GSP-1, V-334, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (U.A.); (M.B.); (E.A.); (S.B.); (L.L.); (R.A.); (A.M.)
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Yu C, Ju P, Wan H, Chen L, Li H, Zhou H, Chen J. Tribological properties of the polyacrylate/PTFE coating modified by POSS in the space environment. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Pengfei Ju
- Shanghai Aerospace Equipment Manufacture Shanghai 200245 China
| | - Hongqi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Hongxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Huidi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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28
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Cui M, Zhang L, Lou P, Zhang X, Han X, Zhang Z, Zhu S. Study on thermal degradation mechanism of heat-resistant epoxy resin modified with carboranes. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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29
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Enhanced resistance to proton irradiation of poly(dimethylsiloxane) resins through surface embedding of silica photonic crystals. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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30
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Qian M, Liu G, Zhou B, Xuan XY, Niu YP, Gong SQ. Atomic oxygen durable ultra-black polyimide nanocomposite films in solar spectrum. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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31
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Liu YZ, Zhang H, Yu JX, Huang ZY, Wang C, Sun Y. Ferroelectric P(VDF-TrFE)/POSS nanocomposite films: compatibility, piezoelectricity, energy harvesting performance, and mechanical and atomic oxygen erosion. RSC Adv 2020; 10:17377-17386. [PMID: 35521467 PMCID: PMC9053480 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01769h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF) and its copolymers as the polymers with the highest piezoelectric coefficient have been widely used as sensors and generators. However, their relatively low performances limit their applications in some harsh environments. In this work, piezoelectric poly(vinylidene-trifluoroethylene) P(VDF-TrFE) matrices with different amounts of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) were prepared by a low temperature solvent evaporation method and thermal poling. The morphology, surface performance, crystalline phase, and piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties of the nanocomposites were investigated and the influence of POSS on these performances was studied. POSS had good compatibility with P(VDF-TrFE) and did not affect the crystalline phase formation of the matrix. The composites presented good piezoelectric properties. Piezo- and triboelectric nanogenerators were designed and fabricated. The voltage and current outputs were analyzed and the polarization effect was evaluated. The average output voltage and the current density of the matrix were 3 V and 0.5 μA cm−2 when subjected to a force of 38 N on an area of 1 cm2. The mechanical properties of P(VDF-TrFE)/POSS nanocomposites were also studied by the nanoindentation test. The hardness and modulus of samples increased 20% and 17% with a low addition of POSS. Atomic oxygen erosion properties of the composites were numerically simulated by the Monte Carlo method. The erosion cavity shape and depth were compared and studied. The influence of POSS addition on the P(VDF-TrFE) matrix and the associated reinforcing mechanism were analyzed. Poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF) and its copolymers as the polymers with the highest piezoelectric coefficient have been widely used as sensors and generators.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Z Liu
- Department of Astronautic Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China
| | - H Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China
| | - J X Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China
| | - Z Y Huang
- Department of Astronautic Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Astronautic Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China
| | - Y Sun
- Department of Astronautic Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China
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32
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Ni H, Xing Y, Dai X, Zhang D, Li J, Liu J, Yang S, Chen X. Intrinsically heat-sealable polyimide films with atomic oxygen resistance: Synthesis and characterization. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008320908652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Intrinsically heat-sealable polyimides with atomic oxygen (AO) resistance (ARPIs) were synthesized from 2,3,3′,4′-oxydiphthalic anhydride (aODPA), 2,5-bis[(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]diphenylphosphine oxide (BADPO), and para-phenylenediamine (PDA). The effects of the molecular structure and diamine ratio were investigated on the properties of the ARPI, including mechanical property, thermal property, heat sealability, and AO resistance. Heat sealability and AO resistance were realized for the ARPI film by combining the asymmetry of the aODPA moiety and the passivated layer forming characteristic of diphenylphosphine phosphine oxide group. Meanwhile, the deficiency of low mechanical strength and thermal resistance, commonly existing in a completely BADPO-derived polyimide system, was remedied effectively by the higher reactivity and rigidity of PDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjiang Ni
- Research Center of Soft Materials Technology, Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Xing
- Research Center of Soft Materials Technology, Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Dai
- Research Center of Soft Materials Technology, Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Daijun Zhang
- Research Center of Soft Materials Technology, Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Research Center of Soft Materials Technology, Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Jingang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyong Yang
- Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangbao Chen
- Research Center of Soft Materials Technology, Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing, China
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33
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Shivakumar R, Bolker A, Tsang SH, Atar N, Verker R, Gouzman I, Hala M, Moshe N, Jones A, Grossman E, Minton TK, Tong Teo EH. POSS enhanced 3D graphene - Polyimide film for atomic oxygen endurance in Low Earth Orbit space environment. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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34
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Liu F, Guo H, Zhao Y, Qiu X, Gao L, Zhang Y. Atomic oxygen-resistant polyimide composite fibers based on wet spinning of polyamic acid-POSS ammonium salts. Polym Degrad Stab 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.108959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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35
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Wang HL, Murray VJ, Qian M, Minton DJ, Dong AY, Lau KT, Wu BH, Che L, Minton TK. Resistance of nanoclay reinforced epoxy composites to hyperthermal atomic oxygen attack. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp1906119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hei-long Wang
- College of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Vanessa J. Murray
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, 103 Chemistry and Biochemistry Bldg., Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States of America
| | - Min Qian
- Department of Physics, School of Science, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Donna J. Minton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, 103 Chemistry and Biochemistry Bldg., Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States of America
| | - Ai-yi Dong
- College of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Kin-tak Lau
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Bo-han Wu
- Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Li Che
- College of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Timothy K. Minton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, 103 Chemistry and Biochemistry Bldg., Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States of America
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36
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Yu C, Ju P, Wan H, Chen L, Li H, Zhou H, Chen J. POSS-Grafted PAI/MoS 2 Coatings for Simultaneously Improved Tribological Properties and Atomic Oxygen Resistance. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Ju
- Shanghai Aerospace Equipment Manufacture, Shanghai 200245, P. R. China
| | - Hongqi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hongxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huidi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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37
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Transparent, High Glass-Transition Temperature, Shape Memory Hybrid Polyimides Based on Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11061058. [PMID: 31216710 PMCID: PMC6631720 DOI: 10.3390/polym11061058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Optically transparent polyimides with excellent thermal stability and shape memory effect have potential applications in optoelectronic devices and aerospace industries. A series of optically transparent shape memory polyimide hybrid films are synthesized from 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA) and 2,2′-bis-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-4,4′-diamine (TFMB) with various polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) contents and then subjected to thermal imidization. The hybrid films show good optical transparency (>80% at 400 nm and >95% at 500 nm) with cutoff wavelengths ranging from 318 to 336 nm. Following the incorporation of the inorganic POSS structure, the hybrid films exhibit excellent thermal stability with glass transition temperature (Tg) ranging from 351 to 372 °C. The hybrid films possess the highest Tg compared with the previously-reported shape memory polymers. These findings show that POSS is successfully utilized to develop transparent polyimides with excellent thermal stability and shape memory effect.
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Self-Healing Anti-Atomic-Oxygen Phosphorus-Containing Polyimide Film via Molecular Level Incorporation of Nanocage Trisilanolphenyl POSS: Preparation and Characterization. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11061013. [PMID: 31181709 PMCID: PMC6630743 DOI: 10.3390/polym11061013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protection of polymeric materials from the atomic oxygen erosion in low-earth orbit spacecrafts has become one of the most important research topics in aerospace science. In the current research, a series of novel organic/inorganic nanocomposite films with excellent atomic oxygen (AO) resistance are prepared from the phosphorous-containing polyimide (FPI) matrix and trisilanolphenyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (TSP–POSS) additive. The PI matrix derived from 2,2’-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA) and 2,5-bis[(4-amino- phenoxy)phenyl]diphenylphosphine oxide (BADPO) itself possesses the self-healing feature in AO environment. Incorporation of TSP–POSS further enhances the AO resistance of the FPI/TSP composite films via a Si–P synergic effect. Meanwhile, the thermal stability of the pristine film is maintained. The FPI-25 composite film with a 25 wt % loading of TSP–POSS in the FPI matrix exhibits an AO erosion yield of 3.1 × 10−26 cm3/atom after an AO attack of 4.0 × 1020 atoms/cm2, which is only 5.8% and 1.0% that of pristine FPI-0 film (6FDA-BADPO) and PI-ref (PMDA-ODA) film derived from 1,2,4,5-pyromellitic anhydride (PMDA) and 4,4’-oxydianline (ODA), respectively. Inert phosphorous and silicon-containing passivation layers are observed at the surface of films during AO exposure.
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Gouzman I, Grossman E, Verker R, Atar N, Bolker A, Eliaz N. Advances in Polyimide-Based Materials for Space Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1807738. [PMID: 30803081 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201807738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The space environment raises many challenges for new materials development and ground characterization. These environmental hazards in space include solar radiation, energetic particles, vacuum, micrometeoroids and debris, and space plasma. In low Earth orbits, there is also a significant concentration of highly reactive atomic oxygen (AO). This Progress Report focuses on the development of space-durable polyimide (PI)-based materials and nanocomposites and their testing under simulated space environment. Commercial PIs suffer from AO-induced erosion and surface electric charging. Modified PIs and PI-based nanocomposites are developed and tested to resist degradation in space. The durability of PIs in AO is successfully increased by addition of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane. Conductive materials are prepared based on composites of PI and either carbon nanotube (CNT) sheets or 3D-graphene structures. 3D PI structures, which can expand PI space applications, made by either additive manufacturing (AM) or thermoforming, are presented. The selection of AM-processable engineering polymers in general, and PIs in particular, is relatively limited. Here, innovative preliminary results of a PI-based material processed by the PolyJet technology are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Gouzman
- Space Environment Department, Soreq Nuclear Research Center (NRC), Yavne, 81800, Israel
| | - Eitan Grossman
- Space Environment Department, Soreq Nuclear Research Center (NRC), Yavne, 81800, Israel
| | - Ronen Verker
- Space Environment Department, Soreq Nuclear Research Center (NRC), Yavne, 81800, Israel
| | - Nurit Atar
- Space Environment Department, Soreq Nuclear Research Center (NRC), Yavne, 81800, Israel
| | - Asaf Bolker
- Space Environment Department, Soreq Nuclear Research Center (NRC), Yavne, 81800, Israel
| | - Noam Eliaz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel-Aviv, 6997801, Israel
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40
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Wang HL, Su S, Yu SR, Che L, Wu GR, Yuan KJ, Yang XM, Minton TK. Crossed beam study on the F+D 2→DF+D reaction at hyperthermal collision energy of 23.84 kJ/mol. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp1901005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hei-long Wang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Sheng-rui Yu
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou 311231, China
| | - Li Che
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
- College of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Guo-rong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Kai-jun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xue-ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Timothy K. Minton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA
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41
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Chunbo W, Haifu J, Dongbo T, Wei Q, Chunhai C, Xiaogang Z, Hongwei Z, Daming W. Atomic oxygen effects on polymers containing silicon or phosphorus: Mass loss, erosion yield, and surface morphology. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008318814150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The differences among polymers containing silicon or phosphorus, 20% polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane polyimide (20%-POSS-PI), 30% polysiloxane- block-polyimides (30%-PSX-PI), poly(siloxane imide) homopolymer (PSX-PI), and arylene ether phosphine oxide homopolymer (P-PPO), on mass loss, erosion yield, and surface morphology were elucidated. The tolerance against atomic oxygen (AO) was improved versus Kapton®H after introducing silicon or phosphorus to the polymers. The relative order of the mass loss was PSX-PI < P-PPO < 20%-POSS-PI < 30%-PSX-PI. In contrast, the erosion yields of 30%-PSX-PI, 20%-POSS-PI, and P-PPO decreased by orders of magnitude (PSX-PI declined by about two orders). The surface of Kapton®H was seriously eroded by AO exhibiting a “carpet-like” shape, and the roughness of the surface of Kapton®H became remarkable as the AO fluence increased. PSX-PI, P-PPO, 20%-POSS-PI, and 30%-PSX-PI at an AO fluence of 5.2 × 1020 atoms/cm2 had different surface morphologies, and the relative order of the surface roughness was PSX-PI < 30%-PSX-PI < 20%-POSS-PI < P-PPO. The 30%-PSX-PI and PSX-PI had minor mass losses and a smooth surface. This kind of material might replace inorganic coatings for applications in low earth orbit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Chunbo
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiang Haifu
- Beijing Institute of Satellite Environment Engineering, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Dongbo
- Beijing Institute of Satellite Environment Engineering, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Wei
- Beijing Institute of Satellite Environment Engineering, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Chunhai
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhao Xiaogang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhou Hongwei
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wang Daming
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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42
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Qian M, Xuan XY. Hyperthermal atomic oxygen durable transparent silicon-reinforced polyimide. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008318802939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A clear poly(amic acid) was reinforced by a trisilanolphenyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) by direct dissolution, and transparent silicon-reinforced polyimide (Si-RPI) films with different POSS loadings were obtained after curing, showing high transmittance of >90% within 380–800 nm. The Si-RPI films were exposed to a ground hyperthermal atomic oxygen (AO) beam. The erosion depths and derived erosion yields of the materials decreased with POSS loadings. At a 20 wt% POSS loading, the Si-RPI showed an erosion yield of 0.13 × 10−24 cm3 atom−1 at a fluence of 2.79 × 1020 O atoms cm−2. Surface morphology and element composition characterization on Si-RPI indicated that SiOx-based passivating layers were formed on surfaces upon the hyperthermal AO attack. This study suggests a facile way of reinforcing Si into transparent polyimide for a promising candidate of spacecraft coating material operating in low Earth orbit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Qian
- Department of Physics, School of Science, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Yang Xuan
- Department of Physics, School of Science, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Synthesis and AO Resistant Properties of Novel Polyimide Fibers Containing Phenylphosphine Oxide Groups in Main Chain. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-019-2179-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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44
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Liu F, Guo H, Zhao Y, Qiu X, Gao L. Enhanced resistance to the atomic oxygen exposure of POSS/polyimide composite fibers with surface enrichment through wet spinning. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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45
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Wang H, Qian M, Murray VJ, Wu B, Yang Y, Dong A, Che L, Minton TK. Effects of hyperthermal atomic oxygen on a cyanate ester and its carbon fiber-reinforced composite. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008318788401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The durability of cyanate ester (CE) to hyperthermal atomic oxygen (AO) attack in low Earth orbit may be enhanced by the addition of carbon fiber to form a carbon fiber-reinforced cyanate ester composite (CFCE). To investigate the durability of CFCE relative to CE, samples were exposed to a pulsed hyperthermal AO beam in two distinct types of experiments. In one type of experiment, samples were exposed to the beam, with pre- and post-characterization of mass (microbalance), surface topography (scanning electron microscopy (SEM)), and surface chemistry (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)). In the second type of experiment, the beam was directed at a sample surface, and volatile products that scattered from the surface were detected in situ with the use of a rotatable mass spectrometer detector. CFCE exhibited less mass loss than pure CE with a given AO fluence, confirming that the incorporation of carbon fiber adds AO resistance to CE. Erosion yields of CE and CFCE were 2.63 ± 0.16 × 10−24 and 1.46 ± 0.08 × 10−24 cm3 O-atom−1, respectively. The reduced reactivity of CFCE in comparison to CE was manifested in less oxidation of the CFCE surface in XPS measurements and reduced CO, CO2, and OH reaction products in beam-surface scattering experiments. The surface topographical images collected by SEM implied different surface deterioration processes for CE and CFCE. A change of surface topography with increasing AO fluence for CE indicated a threshold AO fluence, above which the erosion mechanism changed qualitatively. CFCE showed almost intact carbon fibers after relatively low AO fluences, and while the fibers eventually eroded, they did not erode as rapidly as the CE component of the composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heilong Wang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Qian
- Department of Physics, School of Science, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Vanessa J Murray
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Bohan Wu
- Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Aerospace Research Institute of Materials & Processing Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aiyi Dong
- College of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Che
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
- College of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Timothy K Minton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
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46
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Chunbo W, Liaoliao L, Haifu J, Dongbo T, Wei Q, Changwei L, Xiaogang Z, Chunhai C, Daming W. Atomic oxygen effects on silvered polyimide films and their surface modification by poly(siloxane amic acid) ammonium salts. RSC Adv 2018; 8:21728-21734. [PMID: 35541739 PMCID: PMC9081090 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03331e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The tolerance of silvered polyimide films synthesized by an in situ self-metalization method against atomic oxygen (AO) was evaluated. The results showed that the mass loss of R-Ag/PI was markedly increased as the AO fluence increased; Ag/PI showed an identical trend. SEM data showed that the silver particles on the surfaces of R-Ag/PI and Ag/PI disappeared. The surfaces achieved a "carpet condition" that was more obvious as the AO fluence increased. Poly(siloxane amic acid) ammonium salt was synthesized and made via imidization to produce a flexible organic coating that was characterized by ATR-FTIR, 1HNMR, TGA, and XPS. This could be used to improve the tolerance of silvered polyimide films against AO. The AO resistance and the impacts on mass loss, surface morphology, and surface compositions were also evaluated after surface modification by poly(siloxane amic acid) ammonium salts. 20 wt% Foc/Ag/PI had a lower mass loss and smoother surface than the others due to the formation of a compact surface-SiO2-type layer. This flexible organic coating can be produced via an environmentally-friendly method, and it maintains the inherent thermal stability of the polyimide which cannot be achieved by other anti-AO coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Chunbo
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China .,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Li Liaoliao
- Institute of Petroleum Chemistry, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences Harbin 150040 China
| | - Jiang Haifu
- Beijing Institute of Satellite Environment Engineering Beijing 100094 China
| | - Tian Dongbo
- Beijing Institute of Satellite Environment Engineering Beijing 100094 China
| | - Qin Wei
- Beijing Institute of Satellite Environment Engineering Beijing 100094 China
| | - Liu Changwei
- Institute of Petroleum Chemistry, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences Harbin 150040 China
| | - Zhao Xiaogang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China .,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Chen Chunhai
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China .,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Wang Daming
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China .,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
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47
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Trisilanolphenyl-POSS nano-hybrid poly(biphenyl dianhydride-p-phenylenediamine) polyimide composite films: miscibility and structure-property relationship. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-018-1537-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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48
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Liu Y, Wu X, Sun Y, Xie W. POSS Dental Nanocomposite Resin: Synthesis, Shrinkage, Double Bond Conversion, Hardness, and Resistance Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E369. [PMID: 30966404 PMCID: PMC6415207 DOI: 10.3390/polym10040369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocomposite dental resins with 0, 2, 5, and 10 wt % methacryl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) as filler in the resin matrix were prepared by a light curing method.The atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nanoindentation, and nanoscratch tests were carried out to study the effect of POSS contents on the compatibility, double bond conversion, volumetric shrinkage, hardness, modulus, and resistance of the dental resins. POSS was very uniformly dispersed and showed a good compatibility with the matrix. The double bond conversion increased and the volume reduced with the addition of POSS. As the POSS addition increased, the mechanical properties increased initially. Small addition of POSS remarkably enhanced the hardness and scratch resistance of the resin matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhi Liu
- Department of Astronautic Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Xiaorong Wu
- Department of Astronautic Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Astronautic Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Weili Xie
- Department of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.
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49
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Moore LJ, Zavala JJ, Lamb JT, Reams JT, Yandek GR, Guenthner AJ, Haddad TS, Ghiassi KB. Bis-phenylethynyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes: new high-temperature, processable thermosetting materials. RSC Adv 2018; 8:27400-27405. [PMID: 35539971 PMCID: PMC9083338 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05954c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bis-phenylethynyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (bis-PE-POSS) compounds were synthesized and thermally cured yielding crosslinked materials. After curing at 370 °C, thermal decomposition occurs near 600 °C under nitrogen. These materials were synthesized by condensation of a new phenylethynyl-functional dichlorosilane onto tetrasilanol phenyl POSS, yielding two geometric isomers. After thermal crosslinking, bis-phenylethynyl POSS exhibits 5% mass loss temperatures approaching 600 °C, the highest of reported POSS compounds.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi M. J. Moore
- Air Force Research Laboratory
- Aerospace Systems Directorate
- Edwards AFB
- USA
| | | | | | | | - Gregory R. Yandek
- Air Force Research Laboratory
- Aerospace Systems Directorate
- Edwards AFB
- USA
| | - Andrew J. Guenthner
- Air Force Research Laboratory
- Aerospace Systems Directorate
- Edwards AFB
- USA
- Nano Hydrophobics, Inc
| | | | - Kamran B. Ghiassi
- Air Force Research Laboratory
- Aerospace Systems Directorate
- Edwards AFB
- USA
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50
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Improved adhesion between SnO2/SiO2 coating and polyimide film and its applications to atomic oxygen protection. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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