1
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Liu L, Cui J, Chen P, Fatima Z, Xing Y, Liu H, Ren X, Li D. Controllable concentric electric field line distribution for simultaneous separation of DNA. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1727:464990. [PMID: 38744188 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
An approach for the controllable separation and concentration of nucleic acid using a circular nonuniform electric field was proposed and developed. Using six different lengths of DNA molecules as standard samples, the distribution of the gradient electric field was increased from the outer circular electrode to the inner rod-shaped electrode, contributing to the migration of DNA molecules at a velocity gradient towards the region with the strongest inner electric field. The DNA molecules were arranged in a distribution of concentric circles that aligned with the distribution of concentric equipotential lines. The concentration of DNA multiplied with the alternation of radius. As a result, this platform allowed simultaneous DNA separation, achieving a resolution range of 1.17-3.03 through an extended electrophoresis time, resulting in enhanced concentration factors of 1.08-6.27. Moreover, the manipulation of the relative height of the inner and outer electrodes enabled precise control over the distribution and the deflection degree of electric field lines, leading to accurate control over DNA deflection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Medical College, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China; Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China; Key Laboratory of Agrifood Quality and Safety Evaluation, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Jiaxuan Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Zakia Fatima
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Yuhang Xing
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Huwei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangshan Ren
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Medical College, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China; Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China.
| | - Donghao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China; Key Laboratory of Agrifood Quality and Safety Evaluation, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China; Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China.
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2
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Hlaváček A, Uhrová K, Weisová J, Křivánková J. Artificial Intelligence-Aided Massively Parallel Spectroscopy of Freely Diffusing Nanoscale Entities. Anal Chem 2023; 95:12256-12263. [PMID: 37552526 PMCID: PMC10448498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Massively parallel spectroscopy (MPS) of many single nanoparticles in an aqueous dispersion is reported. As a model system, bioconjugated photon-upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with a near-infrared excitation are prepared. The UCNPs are doped either with Tm3+ (emission 450 and 802 nm) or Er3+ (emission 554 and 660 nm). These UCNPs are conjugated to biotinylated bovine serum albumin (Tm3+-doped) or streptavidin (Er3+-doped). MPS is correlated with an ensemble spectra measurement, and the limit of detection (1.6 fmol L-1) and the linearity range (4.8 fmol L-1 to 40 pmol L-1) for bioconjugated UCNPs are estimated. MPS is used for observing the bioaffinity clustering of bioconjugated UCNPs. This observation is correlated with a native electrophoresis and bioaffinity assay on a microtiter plate. A competitive MPS bioaffinity assay for biotin is developed and characterized with a limit of detection of 6.6 nmol L-1. MPS from complex biological matrices (cell cultivation medium) is performed without increasing background. The compatibility with polydimethylsiloxane microfluidics is proven by recording MPS from a 30 μm deep microfluidic channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonín Hlaváček
- Institute of Analytical
Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech
Republic
| | - Kateřina Uhrová
- Institute of Analytical
Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech
Republic
| | - Julie Weisová
- Institute of Analytical
Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech
Republic
| | - Jana Křivánková
- Institute of Analytical
Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech
Republic
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3
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Karrer LG, Mathew EN, Nava-Chavez J, Bhatti A, Delong RK. Evidence of Copper Nanoparticles and Poly I:C Modulating Cas9 Interaction and Cleavage of COR (Conserved Omicron RNA). Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10050512. [PMID: 37237582 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10050512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Conserved omicron RNA (COR) is a 40 base long 99.9% conserved sequence in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, predicted to form a stable stem loop, the targeted cleavage of which can be an ideal next step in controlling the spread of variants. The Cas9 enzyme has been traditionally utilized for gene editing and DNA cleavage. Previously Cas9 has been shown to be capable of RNA editing under certain conditions. Here we investigated the ability of Cas9 to bind to single-stranded conserved omicron RNA (COR) and examined the effect of copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) and/or polyinosinic-polycytidilic acid (poly I:C) on the RNA cleavage ability of Cas9. The interaction of the Cas9 enzyme and COR with Cu NPs was shown by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential measurements and was confirmed by two-dimensional fluorescence difference spectroscopy (2-D FDS). The interaction with and enhanced cleavage of COR by Cas9 in the presence of Cu NPs and poly I:C was shown by agarose gel electrophoresis. These data suggest that Cas9-mediated RNA cleavage may be potentiated at the nanoscale level in the presence of nanoparticles and a secondary RNA component. Further explorations in vitro and in vivo may contribute to the development of a better cellular delivery platform for Cas9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindy G Karrer
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Elza Neelima Mathew
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Juliet Nava-Chavez
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Abeera Bhatti
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Robert K Delong
- Landmark Bio, Innovation Development Laboratory, Watertown, MA 02472, USA
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4
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Rivas MV, Arenas Muñetón MJ, Bordoni AV, Lombardo MV, Spagnuolo CC, Wolosiuk A. Revisiting carboxylic group functionalization of silica sol-gel materials. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:1628-1653. [PMID: 36752739 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02279f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The carboxylic chemical group is a ubiquitous moiety present in amino acids, a ligand for transition metals, a colloidal stabilizer, and a weak acidic ion-exchanger in polymeric resins and given this property, it is attractive for responsive materials or nanopore-based gating applications. As the number of uses increases, subtle requirements are imposed on this molecular group when anchored to various platforms for the functioning of an integrated chemical system. In this context, silica stands as an inert and multipurpose platform that enables the anchoring of multiple chemical entities combined through several orthogonal synthesis methods on the interface. Surface chemical modification relies on the use of organoalkoxysilanes that must meet the demand of tuned chemical properties; this, in turn, urges for innovative approaches for having an improved, but simple, organic toolbox. Starting from commonly available molecular precursors, several approaches have emerged: hydrosilylation, click thiol-ene additions, the use of carbodiimides or the reaction between cyclic anhydrides and anchored amines. In this review, we analyze the importance of the COOH groups in the area of materials science and the commercial availability of COOH-based silanes and present new approaches for obtaining COOH-based organoalkoxide precursors. Undoubtedly, this will attract widespread interest for the ultimate design of highly integrated chemical platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Verónica Rivas
- Gerencia Química - Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, CONICET, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, B1650KNA San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María J Arenas Muñetón
- Gerencia Química - Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, CONICET, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, B1650KNA San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Andrea V Bordoni
- Gerencia Química - Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, CONICET, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, B1650KNA San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - M Verónica Lombardo
- Gerencia Química - Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, CONICET, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, B1650KNA San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Carla C Spagnuolo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Wolosiuk
- Gerencia Química - Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, CONICET, Av. Gral. Paz 1499, B1650KNA San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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5
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Hlaváček A, Křivánková J, Brožková H, Weisová J, Pizúrová N, Foret F. Absolute Counting Method with Multiplexing Capability for Estimating the Number Concentration of Nanoparticles Using Anisotropically Collapsed Gels. Anal Chem 2022; 94:14340-14348. [PMID: 36194835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Number concentration─the number of nanoparticles in a given volume─is an important characteristic of any nanoparticle dispersion. However, its estimation for small nanoparticles (∼30 nm) is generally challenging. We introduce an absolute and widely applicable method for analyzing aqueous dispersions of nanoparticles. An innovative immobilization of nanomaterials in the anisotropically collapsed agarose gel is pioneered, followed by optical microscopy and nanoparticle counting. The number of counted nanoparticles is inherently coupled with sampled volume (517 pL) and translates to the number concentration. Photon-upconversion, fluorescence, bright-field, and dark-field microscopy techniques have been proven applicable and used for imaging lanthanide-doped photon-upconversion nanoparticles, their bioconjugates with antibodies, silica dye-doped fluorescent nanoparticles, quantum dots, and pure silica submicron particles. The precision and linearity were characterized by constructing a dilution series of photon-upconversion nanoparticles. The limit of detection was 2.0 × 106 mL-1, and the working range was from 4.4 × 107 to 2.2 × 1010 mL-1. The quantification of nanoparticle clusters was achieved by a thorough analysis of the micrographs. The accuracy was confirmed using gravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscopy as a reference. Multiplexed detection of two nanoparticle types in a mixed dispersion was feasibly demonstrated. The low thickness of the collapsed gel (<1 μm) supported extremely sensitive imaging. This was proven by imaging Tm3+-doped photon-upconversion nanoparticles (17 nm hydrodynamic diameter) with a nanoparticle emission rate of only ∼900 photons/s at a wavelength of 800 nm (excitation wavelength 976 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonín Hlaváček
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Křivánková
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Brožková
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Julie Weisová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Naděžda Pizúrová
- Institute of Physics of Materials of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 616 00Brno, Czech Republic
| | - František Foret
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00Brno, Czech Republic
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6
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Lu E, Pichaandi J, Rastogi CK, Winnik MA. Effect of Excess Ligand on the Reverse Microemulsion Silica Coating of NaLnF 4 Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:3316-3326. [PMID: 35231171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Silica coating of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) is widely employed as a means of providing colloidal stability in aqueous media and surface functionality for a variety of applications, particularly in biology. When the NPs are synthesized with a surface coating of an organic surfactant like oleic acid, silica coating is performed by using the reverse microemulsion method. There are many reports in the literature of the successful application of this method to NaYF4 upconversion NPs (doped with Yb and Er), and we have used this method to coat NaHoF4 NPs designed as a mass cytometry reagent. This method failed when we attempted to apply it to other NaLnF4 NPs (Ln = Sm, Eu, Tb). In this report we describe an investigation of the problem and show how it can be overcome. To control size in the synthesis of NaLnF4 NPs and at the same time maintain size uniformity, it is necessary to adjust the Na/F and F/Ln ratios. Problems with silica coating are associated with substoichiometric F/Ln ratios (F/Ln < 4) that leave Ln oleate salts as a byproduct, often as a phase-separated oily layer that could not be purified from the NPs by precipitation with ethanol and redispersion in hexanes. The nature of the oily byproduct was inferred from a combination of TGA, NMR, and FTIR measurements. We explored five different additional purification procedures, and by adopting the appropriate purification method, NaLnF4 NPs with a variety of compositions and synthesized using different reaction conditions could be coated with a thin shell of silica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | | | - Chandresh Kumar Rastogi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Mitchell A Winnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
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7
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Hlaváček A, Farka Z, Mickert MJ, Kostiv U, Brandmeier JC, Horák D, Skládal P, Foret F, Gorris HH. Bioconjugates of photon-upconversion nanoparticles for cancer biomarker detection and imaging. Nat Protoc 2022; 17:1028-1072. [PMID: 35181766 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00670-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The detection of cancer biomarkers in histological samples and blood is of paramount importance for clinical diagnosis. Current methods are limited in terms of sensitivity, hindering early detection of disease. We have overcome the shortcomings of currently available staining and fluorescence labeling methods by taking an integrative approach to establish photon-upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) as a powerful platform for cancer detection. These nanoparticles are readily synthesized in different sizes to yield efficient and tunable short-wavelength light emission under near-infrared excitation, which eliminates optical background interference of the specimen. Here we present a protocol for the synthesis of UCNPs by high-temperature co-precipitation or seed-mediated growth by thermal decomposition, surface modification by silica or poly(ethylene glycol) that renders the particles resistant to nonspecific binding, and the conjugation of streptavidin or antibodies for biological detection. To detect blood-based biomarkers, we present an upconversion-linked immunosorbent assay for the analog and digital detection of the cancer marker prostate-specific antigen. When applied to immunocytochemistry analysis, UCNPs enable the detection of the breast cancer marker human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 with a signal-to-background ratio 50-fold higher than conventional fluorescent labels. UCNP synthesis takes 4.5 d, the preparation of the antibody-silica-UCNP conjugate takes 3 d, the streptavidin-poly(ethylene glycol)-UCNP conjugate takes 2-3 weeks, upconversion-linked immunosorbent assay takes 2-4 d and immunocytochemistry takes 8-10 h. The procedures can be performed after standard laboratory training in nanomaterials research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonín Hlaváček
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdeněk Farka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. .,CEITEC MU, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Uliana Kostiv
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Julian C Brandmeier
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Horák
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Skládal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC MU, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - František Foret
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hans H Gorris
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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8
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Peltomaa R, Benito-Peña E, Gorris HH, Moreno-Bondi MC. Biosensing based on upconversion nanoparticles for food quality and safety applications. Analyst 2021; 146:13-32. [PMID: 33205784 DOI: 10.1039/d0an01883j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Food safety and quality regulations inevitably call for sensitive and accurate analytical methods to detect harmful contaminants in food and to ensure safe food for the consumer. Both novel and well-established biorecognition elements, together with different transduction schemes, enable the simple and rapid analysis of various food contaminants. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are inorganic nanocrystals that convert near-infrared light into shorter wavelength emission. This unique photophysical feature, along with narrow emission bandwidths and large anti-Stokes shift, render UCNPs excellent optical labels for biosensing because they can be detected without optical background interferences from the sample matrix. In this review, we show how this exciting technique has evolved into biosensing platforms for food quality and safety monitoring and highlight recent applications in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Peltomaa
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
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9
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Zhou C, Chu Z, Hou W, Wang X. Lanthanide-Doped Upconversion-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Sensitive Detection of Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9. Front Chem 2021; 8:592445. [PMID: 33718326 PMCID: PMC7954120 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.592445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have attracted considerable attention in detection of biological analytes and bioimaging owing to their superior optical properties, including high photochemical stability, sharp emission bandwidth, large anti-Stokes shifts, and low toxicity. In this work, we fabricated UCNP-linked immunosorbent assay (ULISA) for the sensitive detection of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). The design is based on amino-functionalized SiO2-coated Gd-doped NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs@SiO2-NH2) as a direct background-free luminescent reporter; a secondary anti-IgG antibody (Ab2) was conjugated to the surface of UCNPs@SiO2-NH2 (UCNP-Ab2), and UCNP-Ab2 was used for specific targeting of CA19-9. The UCNPs were well characterized by TEM, SEM, XRD, FT-IR, and UV-vis. The detection process was similar to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). UCNPs were used as signal transducer to replace the color compounds for an enzyme-mediated signal amplification step. An anti-CA19-9 primary antibody (Ab1) was fixed for capturing the CA19-9, and the fluorescence signal was obtained from the specific immunoreaction between UCNP-Ab2 and CA19-9. Under optimum conditions, this ULISA shows sensitive detection of CA19-9 with a dynamic range of 5-2,000 U/ml. The ULISA system shows higher detection sensitivity and wider detection range compared with the traditional ELISA for CA19-9 detection. This strategy using UCNPs as signal transducer may pave a new avenue for the exploration of rare doped UCNPs in ELISA assay for clinical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohui Zhou
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongyun Chu
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyue Hou
- School of Intellectual Property, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiuying Wang
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Bou S, Wang X, Anton N, Bouchaala R, Klymchenko AS, Collot M. Lipid-core/polymer-shell hybrid nanoparticles: synthesis and characterization by fluorescence labeling and electrophoresis. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:4173-4181. [PMID: 32286601 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00077a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Among the lipid nanoparticles, lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles (HNPs) composed of an oily core and a polymeric shell display interesting features as efficient drug carriers due to the high loading capability of the oil phase and the stability and surface functionalization of the polymer shell. Herein, we formulated lipid-core/polymer-shell hybrid nanoparticles (HNPs) using a simple nanoprecipitation method involving Vitamin E Acetate (VEA) as the oily core and a tailor-made amphiphilic polymer as a wrapping shell. The fluorescence labeling of the oil, using a newly developed green fluorogenic BODIPY tracker, and of the polymer using a covalent attachment of a red emitting rhodamine was done to assess the formation, the composition and the stability of these new hybrid nanoparticles using dual color electrophoresis gel analysis. This technique, combined to conventional DLS and electronic microscopy analysis, allowed us to quickly determine that 20 wt% of the polymer was an optimal ratio for obtaining stable HNPs by nanoprecipiation. Finally, we showed that using different polymeric shells, various HNPs can be obtained and finely discriminated using a combined approach of electrophoresis and two-color labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Bou
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, France.
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11
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Encapsulation of Dual Emitting Giant Quantum Dots in Silica Nanoparticles for Optical Ratiometric Temperature Nanosensors. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10082767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Accurate temperature measurements with a high spatial resolution for application in the biomedical fields demand novel nanosized thermometers with new advanced properties. Here, a water dispersible ratiometric temperature sensor is fabricated by encapsulating in silica nanoparticles, organic capped PbS@CdS@CdS “giant” quantum dots (GQDs), characterized by dual emission in the visible and near infrared spectral range, already assessed as efficient fluorescent nanothermometers. The chemical stability, easy surface functionalization, limited toxicity and transparency of the silica coating represent advantageous features for the realization of a nanoscale heterostructure suitable for temperature sensing. However, the strong dependence of the optical properties on the morphology of the final core–shell nanoparticle requires an accurate control of the encapsulation process. We carried out a systematic investigation of the synthetic conditions to achieve, by the microemulsion method, uniform and single core silica coated GQD (GQD@SiO2) nanoparticles and subsequently recorded temperature-dependent fluorescent spectra in the 281-313 K temperature range, suited for biological systems. The ratiometric response—the ratio between the two integrated PbS and CdS emission bands—is found to monotonically decrease with the temperature, showing a sensitivity comparable to bare GQDs, and thus confirming the effectiveness of the functionalization strategy and the potential of GQD@SiO2 in future biomedical applications.
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12
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Wu B, Zhao L, Wang Y, Dong H, Yu H. Er 3+/Yb 3+ co-doped nanocrystals modified with 6-aminocaproic acid for temperature sensing in biomedicine. RSC Adv 2019; 9:42228-42235. [PMID: 35542838 PMCID: PMC9076559 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08447a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report β-PbF2:Er3+/Yb3+ nanocrystals (NCs) modified with 6-aminocaproic acid (6AA) via wet chemical etching of glass ceramics (GCs). NCs body-doped with trivalent rare-earth (RE3+) ions were released from the GCs by etching of the glass matrix and modified with bifunctional 6AA ligands to enhance their water solubility. They have good stability in water with an average diameter of 56 nm and display efficient green (521, 550 nm) and red (660 nm) emission under the excitation of a 940 nm laser. High absolute sensitivity (S A) and relative sensitivity (S R) (0.0027 K-1 and 1.18% K-1, respectively) and high resolution (0.25 K) were achieved for temperature sensing in the biological temperature range, using the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) technique. All of the experimental results indicate that the Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped NCs modified with 6AA may potentially be useful as fluorescent biological temperature sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Ying Wang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University 23 Hongda Street, TEDA Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Haotian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Hua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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13
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Kembuan C, Saleh M, Rühle B, Resch-Genger U, Graf C. Coating of upconversion nanoparticles with silica nanoshells of 5-250 nm thickness. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:2410-2421. [PMID: 31921519 PMCID: PMC6941407 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A concept for the growth of silica shells with a thickness of 5-250 nm onto oleate-coated NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) is presented. The concept enables the precise adjustment of shell thicknesses for the preparation of thick-shelled nanoparticles for applications in plasmonics and sensing. First, an initial 5-11 nm thick shell is grown onto the UCNPs in a reverse microemulsion. This is followed by a stepwise growth of these particles without a purification step, where in each step equal volumes of tetraethyl orthosilicate and ammonia water are added, while the volumes of cyclohexane and the surfactant Igepal® CO-520 are increased so that the ammonia water and surfactant concentrations remain constant. Hence, the number of micelles stays constant, and their size is increased to accommodate the growing core-shell particles. Consequently, the formation of core-free silica particles is suppressed. When the negative zeta potential of the particles, which continuously decreased during the stepwise growth, falls below -40 mV, the particles can be dispersed in an ammoniacal ethanol solution and grown further by the continuous addition of tetraethyl orthosilicate to a diameter larger than 500 nm. Due to the high colloidal stability, a coalescence of the particles can be suppressed, and single-core particles are obtained. This strategy can be easily transferred to other nanomaterials for the design of plasmonic nanoconstructs and sensor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Kembuan
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maysoon Saleh
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bastian Rühle
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Graf
- Hochschule Darmstadt - University of Applied Sciences, Fachbereich Chemie- und Biotechnologie, Stephanstr. 7, D-64295 Darmstadt, Germany
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14
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Hlaváček A, Křivánková J, Přikryl J, Foret F. Photon-Upconversion Barcoding with Multiple Barcode Channels: Application for Droplet Microfluidics. Anal Chem 2019; 91:12630-12635. [PMID: 31514495 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Barcoding facilitates high-throughput analytical methods in complex matrixes with a reduced volume of sample, reagents, time, and cost. Because of orthogonality to fluorescence, photon-upconversion barcodes attracted considerable attention in recent years. We constructed an epiluminescence detector, which, for the first time, demonstrated the reading of photon-upconversion spectra from microdroplets in a microfluidic chip with frequency up to 10 Hz. Non-negative least-squares deconvolution enabled the reading of an unprecedented number of photon-upconversion barcode channels (six) from emission spectra (excitation 980 nm, emission 430-875 nm). The standard deviation of barcode reading from microdroplets was ∼1%. Described barcoding can be, for example, used for multiparameter titrations, multiplexed biological and chemical assays, optimizations on a microfluidic platform, and preparation of barcoded concentration gradients and libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonín Hlaváček
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Veveří 97 , 602 00 Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Jana Křivánková
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Veveří 97 , 602 00 Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Jan Přikryl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Veveří 97 , 602 00 Brno , Czech Republic
| | - František Foret
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Veveří 97 , 602 00 Brno , Czech Republic
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15
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Obaidullah M, Bahadur NM, Furusawa T, Sato M, Sakuma H, Suzuki N. Microwave assisted rapid synthesis of Fe2O3@SiO2 core-shell nanocomposite for the persistence of magnetic property at high temperature. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Modlitbová P, Hlaváček A, Švestková T, Pořízka P, Šimoníková L, Novotný K, Kaiser J. The effects of photon-upconversion nanoparticles on the growth of radish and duckweed: Bioaccumulation, imaging, and spectroscopic studies. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 225:723-734. [PMID: 30903846 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and common duckweed (Lemna minor L.) were treated with an aqueous dispersion of carboxylated silica-coated photon-upconversion nanoparticles containing rare-earth elements (Y, Yb, and Er). The total concentration of rare earths and their bioaccumulation factors were determined in root, hypocotyl, and leaves of R. sativus after 72 h, and in L. minor fronds after 168 h. In R. sativus, translocation factors were determined as the ratio of rare earths concentration in hypocotyl versus root and in leaves versus hypocotyl. The lengths of the root and hypocotyl in R. sativus, as well as the frond area in L. minor, were monitored as toxicity endpoints. To distinguish rare earth bioaccumulation patterns, two-dimensional maps of elemental distribution in the whole R. sativus plant and L. minor fronds were obtained by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with a lateral resolution of 100 μm. Moreover, the bioaccumulation was inspected using a photon-upconversion laser microscanner. The results revealed that the tested nanoparticles became adsorbed onto L. minor fronds and R. sativus roots, as well as transferred from roots through the hypocotyl and into leaves of R. sativus. The bioaccumulation patterns and spatial distribution of rare earths in nanoparticle-treated plants therefore differed from those of the positive control. Overall, carboxylated silica-coated photon-upconversion nanoparticles are stable, can easily translocate from roots to leaves, and are expected to become adsorbed onto the plant surface. They are also significantly toxic to the tested plants at nominal concentrations of 100 and 1000 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlína Modlitbová
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Brno University of Technology, Technická 3058/10, 616 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Antonín Hlaváček
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Veveří 967/97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Švestková
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Brno University of Technology, Technická 3058/10, 616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Pořízka
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Brno University of Technology, Technická 3058/10, 616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Šimoníková
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Novotný
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC) Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Kaiser
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Brno University of Technology, Technická 3058/10, 616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
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17
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Poláchová V, Pastucha M, Mikušová Z, Mickert MJ, Hlaváček A, Gorris HH, Skládal P, Farka Z. Click-conjugated photon-upconversion nanoparticles in an immunoassay for honeybee pathogen Melissococcus plutonius. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:8343-8351. [PMID: 30984949 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr01246j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
European foulbrood (EFB) is an infectious disease affecting honeybee larvae caused by the bacterium Melissococcus plutonius. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is the gold standard for antibody-based bacteria detection, however, its sensitivity is not high enough to reveal early-stage EFB infection. Photon-upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are lanthanide-doped nanomaterials that emit light of shorter wavelength under near-infrared (NIR) excitation and thus avoid optical background interference. After conjugation with specific biorecognition molecules, UCNPs can be used as ultrasensitive labels in immunoassays. Here, we introduce a method for conjugation of UCNPs with streptavidin based on copper-free click chemistry, which involves surface modification of UCNPs with alkyne-modified bovine serum albumin (BSA) that prevents the non-specific binding and provides reactive groups for conjugation with streptavidin-azide. To develop a sandwich upconversion-linked immunosorbent assay (ULISA) for M. plutonius detection, we have prepared a rabbit polyclonal anti-Melissococcus antibody. The specific capture of the bacteria was followed by binding of biotinylated antibody and UCNP-BSA-streptavidin conjugate for a highly sensitive upconversion readout. The assay yielded an LOD of 340 CFU mL-1 with a wide working range up to 109 CFU mL-1, which is 400 times better than the LOD of the conventional ELISA. The practical applicability of the ULISA was successfully demonstrated by detecting M. plutonius in spiked real samples of bees, larvae and bottom hive debris. These results show a great potential of the assay for early diagnosis of EFB, which can prevent uncontrolled spreading of the infection and losses of honeybee colonies.
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18
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Berardi A, Baldelli Bombelli F, Thuenemann EC, Lomonossoff GP. Viral nanoparticles can elude protein barriers: exploiting rather than imitating nature. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:2306-2316. [PMID: 30662985 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09067j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Protein-corona formation in body fluids and/or entrapment of nanoparticles in protein matrices (e.g. food and mucus) can hinder the delivery of nanoparticles, irrespective of the route of administration. Here we demonstrate that certain viral nanoparticles (VNPs) can evade the adhesion of a broad panel of macromolecules from several biological milieus. We also show that the permeability of VNPs through mucin gels is far superior to that of synthetic nanoparticles. The non-sticky nature of VNPs implies that they will be able to readily cross most non-specific protein and glycoprotein barriers encountered, ubiquitously, upon administration through mucosal, and non-mucosal routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Berardi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan.
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19
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Hlaváček A, Mickert MJ, Soukka T, Lahtinen S, Tallgren T, Pizúrová N, Król A, Gorris HH. Large-Scale Purification of Photon-Upconversion Nanoparticles by Gel Electrophoresis for Analogue and Digital Bioassays. Anal Chem 2018; 91:1241-1246. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonín Hlaváček
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Matthias J. Mickert
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tero Soukka
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Satu Lahtinen
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Terhi Tallgren
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Naděžda Pizúrová
- Institute of Physics of Materials of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 616 62 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Król
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies/Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Hans H. Gorris
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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20
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Surface Functionalisation of Upconversion Nanoparticles with Different Moieties for Biomedical Applications. SURFACES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/surfaces1010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanide ion-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) that can convert low-energy infrared photons into high-energy visible and ultraviolet photons, are becoming highly sought-after for advanced biomedical and biophotonics applications. Their unique luminescent properties enable UCNPs to be applied for diagnosis, including biolabeling, biosensing, bioimaging, and multiple imaging modality, as well as therapeutic treatments including photothermal and photodynamic therapy, bio-reductive chemotherapy and drug delivery. For the employment of the inorganic nanomaterials into biological environments, it is critical to bridge the gap in between nanoparticles and biomolecules via surface modifications and subsequent functionalisation. This work reviews the various ways to surface modify and functionalise UCNPs so as to impart different functional molecular groups to the UCNPs surfaces for a broad range of applications in biomedical areas. We discussed commonly used base functionalities, including carboxyl, amino and thiol moieties that are typically imparted to UCNP surfaces so as to provide further functional capacity.
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21
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22
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Vaneckova T, Smerkova K, Zitka J, Hynek D, Zitka O, Hlavacek A, Foret F, Adam V, Vaculovicova M. Upconversion nanoparticle bioconjugates characterized by capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:2246-2252. [PMID: 29882600 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are an emerging class of optical materials with high potential in bioimaging due to practically no background signal and high penetration depth. Their excellent optical properties and easy surface functionalization make them perfect for conjugation with targeting ligands. In this work, capillary electrophoretic (CE) method with laser-induced fluorescence detection was used to investigate the behavior of carboxyl-silica-coated UCNPs. Folic acid, targeting folate receptor overexpressed by wide variety of cancer cells, was used for illustrative purposes and assessed by CE under optimized conditions. Peptide-mediated bioconjugation of antibodies to UCNPs was also investigated. Despite the numerous advantages of CE, this is the first time that CE was employed for characterization of UCNPs and their bioconjugates. The separation conditions were optimized including the background electrolyte concentration and pH. The optimized electrolyte was 20 mM borate buffer with pH 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Vaneckova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Smerkova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Zitka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David Hynek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Zitka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Antonin Hlavacek
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Foret
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Vaculovicova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
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23
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Farka Z, Mickert MJ, Hlaváček A, Skládal P, Gorris HH. Single Molecule Upconversion-Linked Immunosorbent Assay with Extended Dynamic Range for the Sensitive Detection of Diagnostic Biomarkers. Anal Chem 2017; 89:11825-11830. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Farka
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
- CEITEC—Central
European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Matthias J. Mickert
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Antonín Hlaváček
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
- CEITEC—Central
European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Skládal
- CEITEC—Central
European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hans H. Gorris
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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24
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25
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Perspectives and challenges of photon-upconversion nanoparticles - Part II: bioanalytical applications. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:5875-5890. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0482-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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26
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Induced nanoparticle aggregation for short nucleic acid quantification by depletion isotachophoresis. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 86:840-848. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.07.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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27
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Hlaváček A, Farka Z, Hübner M, Horňáková V, Němeček D, Niessner R, Skládal P, Knopp D, Gorris HH. Competitive Upconversion-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Sensitive Detection of Diclofenac. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6011-7. [PMID: 27167775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Photon-upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) emit light of shorter wavelength under near-infrared excitation and thus avoid optical background interference. We have exploited this unique photophysical feature to establish a sensitive competitive immunoassay for the detection of the pharmaceutical micropollutant diclofenac (DCF) in water. The so-called upconversion-linked immunosorbent assay (ULISA) was critically dependent on the design of the upconversion luminescent detection label. Silica-coated UCNPs (50 nm in diameter) exposing carboxyl groups on the surface were conjugated to a secondary anti-IgG antibody. We investigated the structure and monodispersity of the nanoconjugates in detail. Using a highly affine anti-DCF primary antibody, the optimized ULISA reached a detection limit of 0.05 ng DCF per mL. This performance came close to a conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) without the need for an enzyme-mediated signal amplification step. The ULISA was further employed for analyzing drinking and surface water samples. The results were consistent with a conventional ELISA as well as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonín Hlaváček
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg , 93040 Regensburg, Germany.,CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University , Brno 625 00, Czech Republic.,Institute of Analytical Chemistry AS CR, v. v. i. , Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Farka
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg , 93040 Regensburg, Germany.,CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University , Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Maria Hübner
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Institute of Hydrochemistry, Technical University of Munich , 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Veronika Horňáková
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University , Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Němeček
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University , Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Reinhard Niessner
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Institute of Hydrochemistry, Technical University of Munich , 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Petr Skládal
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University , Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Dietmar Knopp
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Institute of Hydrochemistry, Technical University of Munich , 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Hans H Gorris
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg , 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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28
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Sedlmeier A, Hlaváček A, Birner L, Mickert MJ, Muhr V, Hirsch T, Corstjens PLAM, Tanke HJ, Soukka T, Gorris HH. Highly Sensitive Laser Scanning of Photon-Upconverting Nanoparticles on a Macroscopic Scale. Anal Chem 2016; 88:1835-41. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Sedlmeier
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- und Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Antonín Hlaváček
- Central
European Institute of Technology
(CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Birner
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- und Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Matthias J. Mickert
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- und Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Verena Muhr
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- und Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Hirsch
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- und Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Paul L. A. M. Corstjens
- Department
of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans J. Tanke
- Department
of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tero Soukka
- Department
of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Hans H. Gorris
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- und Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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29
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Goftman VV, Aubert T, Ginste DV, Van Deun R, Beloglazova NV, Hens Z, De Saeger S, Goryacheva IY. Synthesis, modification, bioconjugation of silica coated fluorescent quantum dots and their application for mycotoxin detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 79:476-81. [PMID: 26745794 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.12.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To create bright and stable fluorescent biolabels for immunoassay detection of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol in food and feed, CdSe/CdS/ZnS core-shell quantum dots (QDs) were encapsulated in silica nanoparticles through a water-in-oil reverse microemulsion process. The optical properties and stability of the obtained silica coated QDs (QD@SiO2), modified with amino, carboxyl and epoxy groups and stabilized with polyethylene glycol fragments, were characterized in order to assess their bioapplicability. The developed co-condensation techniques allowed maintaining 80% of the initial fluorescent properties and yielded stable fluorescent labels that could be easily activated and bioconjugated. Further, the modified QD@SiO2 were efficiently conjugated with antibodies and applied as a novel label in a microtiter plate based immunoassay and a quantitative column-based rapid immunotest for deoxynivalenol detection with IC50 of 473 and 20 ng/ml, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina V Goftman
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; Laboratory of Food Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Tangi Aubert
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dries Vande Ginste
- IBCN/Electromagnetics Group, Department of Information Technology, Ghent University/iMinds, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Rik Van Deun
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Natalia V Beloglazova
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zeger Hens
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sarah De Saeger
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Irina Yu Goryacheva
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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30
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Catalytic nanocrystalline coordination polymers as an efficient peroxidase mimic for labeling and optical immunoassays. Mikrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-015-1697-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sedlmeier A, Gorris HH. Surface modification and characterization of photon-upconverting nanoparticles for bioanalytical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:1526-60. [PMID: 25176175 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00186a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Photon-upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) can be excited by near-infrared light and emit visible light (anti-Stokes emission) which prevents autofluorescence and light scattering of biological samples. The potential for background-free imaging has attracted wide interest in UCNPs in recent years. Small and homogeneous lanthanide-doped UCNPs that display high upconversion efficiency have typically been synthesized in organic solvents. Bioanalytical applications, however, require a subsequent phase transfer to aqueous solutions. Hence, the surface properties of UCNPs must be well designed and characterized to grant both a stable aqueous colloidal dispersion and the ability to conjugate biomolecules and other ligands on the nanoparticle surface. In this review, we introduce various routes for the surface modification of UCNPs and critically discuss their advantages and disadvantages. The last part covers various analytical methods that enable a thorough examination of the progress and success of the surface functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Sedlmeier
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- und Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.
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Lv R, Zhong C, Gulzar A, Gai S, He F, Gu R, Zhang S, Yang G, Yang P. Synthesis, luminescence, and anti-tumor properties of MgSiO3:Eu-DOX-DPP-RGD hollow microspheres. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:18585-95. [PMID: 26447565 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03604f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this report, MgSiO3:Eu-DOX-DPP-RGD hollow microspheres employed for simultaneous imaging and anti-cancer therapy have been designed by sequentially loading the anti-tumor drugs doxorubicin (DOX), light-activated platinum(iv) pro-drug PPD, and a targeted peptide of NH2-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGD) onto MgSiO3:Eu mesoporous hollow spheres, which were synthesized using solid SiO2 spheres as sacrificed template by a facile hydrothermal process based on the Kirkendall effect. The photoluminescence intensity of MgSiO3:Eu has been optimized, which can emit a recognized red signal in vitro and in vivo under modest ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. It was found that the platform has high biocompatibility and could become intracellular through fast and effective endocytosis with the aid of the targeted peptide RGD, and chemotherapeutic drugs DOX and light-activated platinum(iv) pro-drug DPP that can be released from the carrier to induce an obvious inhabitation effect to HeLa cancer cells (survival rate of only 17.4%), which has been verified by in vitro and in vivo results. Moreover, the in vitro result using a photosensitizer ZnPc loaded carrier shows that the system is not suitable for ZnPc induced photodynamic therapy. The apparent imaging effect and high anti-tumor efficacy of this functional system give it great potential in actual clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China.
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Qiu P, Sun R, Gao G, Zhang C, Chen B, Yan N, Yin T, Liu Y, Zhang J, Yang Y, Cui D. An anion-induced hydrothermal oriented-explosive strategy for the synthesis of porous upconversion nanocrystals. Theranostics 2015; 5:456-68. [PMID: 25767613 PMCID: PMC4350008 DOI: 10.7150/thno.10946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Rare-earth (RE)-doped upconversion nanocrystals (UCNCs) are deemed as the promising candidates of luminescent nanoprobe for biological imaging and labeling. A number of methods have been used for the fabrication of UCNCs, but their assembly into porous architectures with desired size, shape and crystallographic phase remains a long-term challenging task. Here we report a facile, anion-induced hydrothermal oriented-explosive method to simultaneously control size, shape and phase of porous UCNCs. Our results confirmed the anion-induced hydrothermal oriented-explosion porous structure, size and phase transition for the cubic/hexagonal phase of NaLuF4 and NaGdF4 nanocrystals with various sizes and shapes. This general method is very important not only for successfully preparing lanthanide doped porous UCNCs, but also for clarifying the formation process of porous UCNCs in the hydrothermal system. The synthesized UCNCs were used for in vitro and in vivo CT imaging, and could be acted as the potential CT contrast agents.
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Lv R, Yang G, He F, Dai Y, Gai S, Yang P. Mesoporous NaYF4:Yb,Er@Au–Pt(iv)-FA nanospheres for dual-modal imaging and synergistic photothermal/chemo-anti-cancer therapy. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05437k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous NaYF4:Yb,Er@Au–Pt(iv)-FA up-conversion nanoparticles have been designed for dual-modal imaging-guided anti-cancer therapy, and show excellent inhibition toward cancer cells due to the synergistic photothermal/chemo-therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Engineering University
- Harbin 150001
| | - Guixin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Engineering University
- Harbin 150001
| | - Fei He
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Engineering University
- Harbin 150001
| | - Yunlu Dai
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Engineering University
- Harbin 150001
| | - Shili Gai
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Engineering University
- Harbin 150001
| | - Piaoping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Engineering University
- Harbin 150001
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Muhr V, Wilhelm S, Hirsch T, Wolfbeis OS. Upconversion nanoparticles: from hydrophobic to hydrophilic surfaces. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:3481-93. [PMID: 25347798 DOI: 10.1021/ar500253g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CONSPECTUS: Photon upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have emerged as a promising new class of nanomaterials due to their ability to convert near-IR light into visible luminescence. Unfortunately, most efficient methods for preparing UCNPs yield hydrophobic materials, but water-dispersibility is needed in the major fields of applications of UCNPs, that is, in bioimaging, labeling, and bioassays. Numerous methods therefore have been reported in the past years to convert the hydrophobic surface of UCNPs to a more hydrophilic one so to render them dispersible in aqueous systems. We present a classification respective for these strategies and assess the main methods. These include (A) chemical modification of the hydrophobic (typically oleate) ligand on the surface, (B) addition of an extra layer, (C) addition of a thin shell on top of the UCNP, and (D) complete replacement of the original ligand by another one. Chemical modification (A) involves oxidation of the oleate or oleylamine and leads to particles with terminal oxygen functions. This method is less often used because solutions of the resulting UCNPs in water have limited colloidal stability, protocols are time-consuming and often give low yields, and only a limited number of functional groups can be introduced. Methods B and C involve coating of UCNPs with amphiphiles or with shells made from silica oxide, titanium oxide, or metallic gold or silver. These methods are quite versatile in terms of further modifications, for example, by further cross-linking or by applying thiol-gold chemistry. Growing an extra shell is, however, often accompanied by a higher polydispersity. Method D can be divided into subgroups based on either (i) the direct (single-step) replacement of the native ligand by a new ligand or (ii) two-step protocols using nitrosyltetrafluoroborate (NOBF4) or strong acids as reagents to produce ligand-free UCNPs prior to the attachment of a new ligand. These methods are simple and versatile, and the distance between the new ligand and the luminescent particle can be well controlled. However, the particles often have limited stability in buffer systems. The methods described also are of wider interest because they are likely to be applicable to other kinds of nanomaterials. We additionally address the need for (a) a better control of particle size and homogeneity during synthesis, (b) more reproducible methods for surface loading and modification, (c) synthetic methods giving higher yields of UCNPs, (d) materials displaying higher quantum yields in water solution without the need for tedious surface modifications, (e) improved methods for workup (including the suppression of aggregation), (f) new methods for surface characterization, and (g) more affordable reagents for use in surface modification. It is noted that most synthetic research in the area is of the trial-and-error kind, presumably due to the lack of understanding of the mechanisms causing current limitations. Finally, all particles are discussed in terms of their biocompatibility (as far as data are available), which is quintessential in terms of imaging, the largest field of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Muhr
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry,
Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Wilhelm
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry,
Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Hirsch
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry,
Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Otto S. Wolfbeis
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry,
Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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