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Wang S, McCoy CP, Li P, Li Y, Zhao Y, Andrews GP, Wylie MP, Ge Y. Carbon Dots in Photodynamic/Photothermal Antimicrobial Therapy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1250. [PMID: 39120355 PMCID: PMC11314369 DOI: 10.3390/nano14151250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) presents an escalating global challenge as conventional antibiotic treatments become less effective. In response, photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) have emerged as promising alternatives. While rooted in ancient practices, these methods have evolved with modern innovations, particularly through the integration of lasers, refining their efficacy. PDT harnesses photosensitizers to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are detrimental to microbial cells, whereas PTT relies on heat to induce cellular damage. The key to their effectiveness lies in the utilization of photosensitizers, especially when integrated into nano- or micron-scale supports, which amplify ROS production and enhance antimicrobial activity. Over the last decade, carbon dots (CDs) have emerged as a highly promising nanomaterial, attracting increasing attention owing to their distinctive properties and versatile applications, including PDT and PTT. They can not only function as photosensitizers, but also synergistically combine with other photosensitizers to enhance overall efficacy. This review explores the recent advancements in CDs, underscoring their significance and potential in reshaping advanced antimicrobial therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Colin P. McCoy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (S.W.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yi Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (S.W.)
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Wu J, Yang M, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Wu B, Qiu S, Hong F, Gao Y, Wang Z, Wang G. Enhancing the Biological Performance of Titanium Alloy through In Situ Modulation of the Surface Nanostructure: Near-Infrared-Responsive Antibacterial Function and Osteoinductivity. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:3900-3914. [PMID: 38840339 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The poor clinical performance of titanium and its alloy implants is mainly attributed to their lack of antibacterial ability and poor osseointegration. The key and challenge lie in how to enhance their osteoinductivity while imparting antibacterial capability. In this study, a titanium oxide metasurface with light-responsive behavior was constructed on the surface of titanium alloy using an alkaline-acid bidirectional hydrothermal method. The effects of the acid type, acid concentration, hydrothermal time, hydrothermal temperature, and subsequent heat treatments on the optical behavior of the metasurface were systematically investigated with a focus on exploring the influence of the metasurface and photodynamic reaction on the osteogenic activity of osteoblasts. Results show that the type of acid and heat treatment significantly affect the light absorption of the titanium alloy surface, with HCl and post-heat-treatment favoring redshift in the light absorption. Under 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) irradiation for 10 min, in vitro antibacterial experiments demonstrate that the antibacterial rate of the metasurface titanium alloy against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were 96.87% and 99.27%, respectively. In vitro cell experiments demonstrate that the nanostructure facilitates cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and expression of osteogenic-related genes. Surprisingly, the nanostructure promoted the expression of relevant osteogenic genes of MC3T3-E1 under 808 nm NIR irradiation. This study provides a method for the surface modification of titanium alloy implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changan University, Xian, Shaanxi 710064, China
- Research Center for Human Tissues & Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Minggang Yang
- Research Center for Human Tissues & Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yibo Huang
- Research Center for Human Tissues & Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Research Center for Human Tissues & Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Ben Wu
- Research Center for Human Tissues & Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Shi Qiu
- Research Center for Human Tissues & Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Feiyang Hong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Ye Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changan University, Xian, Shaanxi 710064, China
| | - Guocheng Wang
- Research Center for Human Tissues & Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- The Key laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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Shanazarov NA, Zare A, Mussin NM, Albayev RK, Kaliyev AA, Iztleuov YM, Smailova SB, Tamadon A. Photodynamic therapy of cervical cancer: a scoping review on the efficacy of various molecules. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2024; 15:20406223241233206. [PMID: 38440782 PMCID: PMC10910886 DOI: 10.1177/20406223241233206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer poses a considerable worldwide health issue, where infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a vital role as a risk factor. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive treatment for HPV-related cervical lesions, which uses photosensitizers and light to selectively destroy abnormal cells. Objectives Our objective is to present a comprehensive overview of the different types of molecules employed in PDT to reduce the occurrence and fatality rates associated with cervical cancer. Design Scoping review and bibliometric analysis. Methods The article explores clinical trials investigating the efficacy of PDT in treating low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, as well as preclinical approaches utilizing various molecules for PDT in cervical cancer. Furthermore, the article sheds light on potential molecules for PDT enhancement, examining their properties through computer modeling simulations, molecular docking, and assessing their advantages and disadvantages. Results Our findings demonstrate that PDT holds promise as a therapeutic approach for treating cervical lesions associated with HPV and cervical cancer. Additionally, we observe that the utilization of diverse dye classes enhances the anticancer effects of PDT. Conclusion Among the various molecules employed in PDT, functionalized fullerene exhibits a notable inclination toward overexpressed receptors in cervical cancer cells, making it a potential candidate for intensified use in PDT. However, further research is needed to evaluate its long-term effectiveness and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrulla Abdullaevich Shanazarov
- Department of Oncology, Medical Centre Hospital of President’s Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | - Rustam Kuanyshbekovich Albayev
- Department of Cardiosurgery, Medical Centre Hospital of President’s Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | - Sandugash Bakhytbekovna Smailova
- Department of Radiology, Medical Centre Hospital of President’s Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Department for Natural Sciences, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Amin Tamadon
- PerciaVista R&D Co. Shiraz, Iran
- Department for Natural Sciences, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Maresyev St, Aktobe 030019, Kazakhstan
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da Veiga Moreira J, Nleme N, Schwartz L, Leclerc-Desaulniers K, Carmona E, Mes-Masson AM, Jolicoeur M. Methylene Blue Metabolic Therapy Restrains In Vivo Ovarian Tumor Growth. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:355. [PMID: 38254843 PMCID: PMC10814748 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer remains a significant challenge, especially in platinum-resistant cases where treatment options are limited. In this study, we investigated the potential of methylene blue (MB) as a metabolic therapy and complementary treatment approach for ovarian cancer. Our findings demonstrated a significant in vivo reduction in the proliferation of TOV112D-based ovarian-cell-line xenografts. In this preclinical study, which used a carboplatin-resistant ovarian cancer tumor model implanted into mice, MB-mediated metabolic therapy exhibited superior tumor slowdown compared to carboplatin treatment alone. This indicates, for the first time, MB's potential as an alternative or adjuvant treatment, especially for resistant cases. Our in vitro study on TOV112D and ARPE-19 sheds light on the impact of such an MB-based metabolic therapy on mitochondrial energetics (respiration and membrane potential). MB showed a modulatory role in the oxygen consumption rate and the mitochondrial membrane potential. These results revealed, for the first time, that MB specifically targets TOV112D mitochondria and probably induces cell apoptosis. The differential response of normal (ARPE-19) and cancer (TOV112D) cells to the MB treatment suggests potential alterations in cancer cell mitochondria, opening avenues for therapeutic approaches that target the mitochondria. Overall, our findings suggest the efficacy of MB as a possible treatment for ovarian cancer and provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying the efficacy of methylene blue metabolic therapy in ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorgelindo da Veiga Moreira
- Research Laboratory in Applied Metabolic Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Nancy Nleme
- Research Laboratory in Applied Metabolic Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | | | - Kim Leclerc-Desaulniers
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada (A.-M.M.-M.)
| | - Euridice Carmona
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada (A.-M.M.-M.)
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada (A.-M.M.-M.)
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Mario Jolicoeur
- Research Laboratory in Applied Metabolic Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
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Yang L, Lai Y, Cheung CI, Ye Z, Huang T, Wang Y, Chin Y, Chia Z, Chen Y, Li M, Tseng H, Tsai Y, Zhang Z, Chen K, Tsai B, Shieh D, Lee N, Tsai P, Huang C. Novel metal peroxide nanoboxes restrain Clostridioides difficile infection beyond the bactericidal and sporicidal activity. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10593. [PMID: 38023694 PMCID: PMC10658501 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile spores are considered as the major source responsible for the development of C. difficile infection (CDI), which is associated with an increased risk of death in patients and has become an important issue in infection control of nosocomial infections. Current treatment against CDI still relies on antibiotics, which also damage normal flora and increase the risk of CDI recurrence. Therefore, alternative therapies that are more effective against C. difficile bacteria and spores are urgently needed. Here, we designed an oxidation process using H2O2 containing PBS solution to generate Cl- and peroxide molecules that further process Ag and Au ions to form nanoboxes with Ag-Au peroxide coat covering Au shell and AgCl core (AgAu-based nanoboxes). The AgAu-based nanoboxes efficiently disrupted the membrane structure of bacteria/spores of C. difficile after 30-45 min exposure to the highly reactive Ag/Au peroxide surface of the nano structures. The Au-enclosed AgCl provided sustained suppression of the growth of 2 × 107 pathogenic Escherichia coli for up to 19 days. In a fecal bench ex vivo test and in vivo CDI murine model, biocompatibility and therapeutic efficacy of the AuAg nanoboxes to attenuate CDI was demonstrated by restoring the gut microbiota and colon mucosal structure. The treatment successfully rescued the CDI mice from death and prevented their recurrence mediated by vancomycin treatment. The significant outcomes indicated that the new peroxide-derived AgAu-based nanoboxes possess great potential for future translation into clinical application as a new alternative therapeutic strategy against CDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Xing Yang
- Department of PhotonicsNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
- School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Hsin Lai
- Institute of Basic MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Chun In Cheung
- Department of PhotonicsNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Zhi Ye
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and BiotechnologyNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Tzu‐Chi Huang
- Department of PhotonicsNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Chin Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and BiotechnologyNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Cheng Chin
- Department of PhotonicsNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Zi‐Chun Chia
- Department of PhotonicsNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Ya‐Jyun Chen
- Department of PhotonicsNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Meng‐Jia Li
- Institute of Basic MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Hsiu‐Ying Tseng
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and BiotechnologyNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Tseng Tsai
- Department of PhotonicsNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Zhi‐Bin Zhang
- Department of PhotonicsNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Kuan‐Hsu Chen
- Department of PhotonicsNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Bo‐Yang Tsai
- Institute of Basic MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Dar‐Bin Shieh
- School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
- Institute of Basic MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
- Center of Applied Nanomedicine and Core Facility CenterNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
- iMANI Center of the National Core Facility for BiopharmaceuticalsNational Science and Technology CouncilTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of StomatologyNational Cheng Kung University HospitalTainanTaiwan
| | - Nan‐Yao Lee
- Department of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine and Center for Infection ControlNational Cheng Kung University HospitalTainanTaiwan
| | - Pei‐Jane Tsai
- Institute of Basic MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and BiotechnologyNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
- Research Center of Infectious Disease and SignalingNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Chih‐Chia Huang
- Department of PhotonicsNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
- Center of Applied Nanomedicine and Core Facility CenterNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
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6
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Soares Lima T, Silva de Oliveira MS, Reis AVF, Petrilli R, Eloy JO. Nanoencapsulation of Methylene-Blue for Enhanced Skin Cancer Cell Phototoxicity and Cutaneous Penetration in Association with Sonophoresis. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051371. [PMID: 37242613 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using methylene blue (MB) as a photosensitizer has emerged as an alternative treatment for skin cancers, such as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). To increase the cutaneous penetration of the drug, some strategies are used, such as the association of nanocarriers and physical methods. Thus, herein we address the development of nanoparticles based on poly-Ɛ-caprolactone (PCL), optimized with the Box-Behnken factorial design, for topical application of MB associated with sonophoresis. The MB-nanoparticles were developed using the double emulsification-solvent evaporation technique and the optimized formulation resulted in an average size of 156.93 ± 8.27 nm, a polydispersion index of 0.11 ± 0.05, encapsulation efficiency of 94.22 ± 2.19% and zeta potential of -10.08 ± 1.12 mV. Morphological evaluation by scanning electron microscopy showed spherical nanoparticles. In vitro release studies show an initial burst compatible with the first-order mathematical model. The nanoparticle showed satisfactory generation of reactive oxygen species. The MTT assay was used to assess cytotoxicity and IC50; values of 79.84; 40.46; 22.37; 9.90 µM were obtained, respectively, for the MB-solution and the MB-nanoparticle without and with light irradiation after 2 h of incubation. Analysis using confocal microscopy showed high cellular uptake for the MB-nanoparticle. With regard to skin penetration, a higher concentration of MB was observed in the epidermis + dermis, corresponding to 9.81, 5.27 μg/cm2 in passive penetration and 24.31 and 23.81 μg/cm2 after sonophoresis, for solution-MB and nanoparticle-MB, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of MB encapsulation in PCL nanoparticles for application in skin cancer using PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thayane Soares Lima
- Department of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ceará, 1210 Pastor Samuel Munguba Street, Fortaleza 60430-160, CE, Brazil
| | - Monalisa Sthefani Silva de Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ceará, 1210 Pastor Samuel Munguba Street, Fortaleza 60430-160, CE, Brazil
| | - Alice Vitoria Frota Reis
- Department of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ceará, 1210 Pastor Samuel Munguba Street, Fortaleza 60430-160, CE, Brazil
| | - Raquel Petrilli
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of International Integration of the Afro-Brazilian Lusophony, Redenção 62790-000, CE, Brazil
| | - Josimar O Eloy
- Department of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ceará, 1210 Pastor Samuel Munguba Street, Fortaleza 60430-160, CE, Brazil
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Shabatina TI, Vernaya OI, Shimanovskiy NL, Melnikov MY. Metal and Metal Oxides Nanoparticles and Nanosystems in Anticancer and Antiviral Theragnostic Agents. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041181. [PMID: 37111666 PMCID: PMC10141702 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of antiviral treatment and anticancer theragnostic agents in recent decades has been associated with nanotechnologies, and primarily with inorganic nanoparticles (INPs) of metal and metal oxides. The large specific surface area and its high activity make it easy to functionalize INPs with various coatings (to increase their stability and reduce toxicity), specific agents (allowing retention of INPs in the affected organ or tissue), and drug molecules (for antitumor and antiviral therapy). The ability of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) of iron oxides and ferrites to enhance proton relaxation in specific tissues and serve as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents is one of the most promising applications of nanomedicine. Activation of MNPs during hyperthermia by an external alternating magnetic field is a promising method for targeted cancer therapy. As therapeutic tools, INPs are promising carriers for targeted delivery of pharmaceuticals (either anticancer or antiviral) via magnetic drug targeting (in case of MNPs), passive or active (by attaching high affinity ligands) targeting. The plasmonic properties of Au nanoparticles (NPs) and their application for plasmonic photothermal and photodynamic therapies have been extensively explored recently in tumor treatment. The Ag NPs alone and in combination with antiviral medicines reveal new possibilities in antiviral therapy. The prospects and possibilities of INPs in relation to magnetic hyperthermia, plasmonic photothermal and photodynamic therapies, magnetic resonance imaging, targeted delivery in the framework of antitumor theragnostic and antiviral therapy are presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana I Shabatina
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gori Build. 1/3, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Faculty of Fundamental Sciences, N.E. Bauman Moscow Technical University, Moscow 105005, Russia
| | - Olga I Vernaya
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gori Build. 1/3, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Faculty of Fundamental Sciences, N.E. Bauman Moscow Technical University, Moscow 105005, Russia
| | - Nikolay L Shimanovskiy
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Radiobiology, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Mikhail Ya Melnikov
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gori Build. 1/3, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Donadon LGF, Salata GC, Gonçalves TP, Matos LDC, Evangelista MCP, da Silva NS, Martins TS, Machado-Neto JA, Lopes LB, Garcia MTJ. Monoolein-based nanodispersions for cutaneous co-delivery of methylene blue and metformin: Thermal and structural characterization and effects on the cutaneous barrier, skin penetration and cytotoxicity. Int J Pharm 2023; 633:122612. [PMID: 36642349 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the potential of monoolein (MO)-based nanodispersions to promote the cutaneous co-delivery of metformin (MET) and methylene blue (MB) for the treatment of non-melanoma skin cancer. MO-based nanodispersions were obtained using Kolliphor® P407 (KP) and/or sodium cholate (CH), and characterized concerning the structure, thermal stability, ability to disrupt the skin barrier, cutaneous permeation and retention of MB and MET. Additionally, the cytotoxic effect of MO nanodispersions-mediated combination therapy using MET and MB in A431 cells was evaluated. The nanodispersions exhibited nanometric size (<200 nm) and thermal and physical stability. Small angle X-ray scattering studies revealed multiple structures depending on composition. They were able to interact with stratum corneum lipid structure, increasing its fluidity. The effect of MO-nanodispersions on topical/transdermal delivery of MB and MET was composition-dependent. Nanodispersions with low MO content (5 %) and stabilized with KP and CH (0.05-0.10 %) were the most promising, enhancing the cutaneous delivery of MB and MET by 1.9 to 2.2-fold and 1.4 to 1.7-fold, respectively, compared to control. Cytotoxic studies revealed that the most promising MO nanodispersion-mediated combination therapy using MET and MB (1:1) reduced the IC50 by 24-fold, compared to MB solution, and a further reduction (1.5-fold) was observed by MB photoactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thalita Pedralino Gonçalves
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema/SP, Brazil
| | - Lisa de Carvalho Matos
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema/SP, Brazil
| | | | - Nicole Sampaio da Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema/SP, Brazil
| | - Tereza Silva Martins
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema/SP, Brazil
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Hegde YM, Theivendren P, Srinivas G, Palanivel M, Shanmugam N, Kunjiappan S, Vellaichamy S, Gopal M, Dharmalingam SR. A Recent Advancement in Nanotechnology Approaches for the Treatment of Cervical Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2023; 23:37-59. [PMID: 35570521 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220513160706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of female death, with a mortality rate of over 200,000 per year in developing countries. Despite a decrease in cervical cancer occurrences in developed countries over the last decade, the frequency of the disease in developing nations continues to rise at an alarming rate, particularly when it is linked to the human papillomavirus (HPV). With just a few highly invasive conventional therapies available, there is a clear need for novel treatment options such as nanotechnology-based chemotherapeutic drug delivery. METHODS Traditional anticancer therapy is limited by poor drug potency, non-specificity, unwanted side effects, and the development of multiple drug resistance (MDR), leading to a decrease in long-term anticancer therapeutic efficacy. An ideal cancer therapy requires a personalized and specialized medication delivery method capable of eradicating even the last cancer cell responsible for disease recurrence. RESULTS Nanotechnology provides effective drug delivery mechanisms, allowing it to serve both therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. Nanotechnology-based formulations are widely used to accurately target the target organ, maintain drug load bioactivity, preferentially accumulate the drug at the target location, and reduce cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION The key benefits of this drug delivery are that it improves pharmacological activity, solubility, and bioavailability and reduces toxicity in the target tissue by targeting ligands, allowing for new innovative treatment methods in an area that is desperately required. The goal of this review is to highlight possible research on nanotechnologybased delivery systems for cancer detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashoda Mariappa Hegde
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Swamy Vivekananda College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Namakkal, Tamilnadu 637205, India
| | - Panneerselvam Theivendren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Swamy Vivekananda College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Namakkal, Tamilnadu 637205, India
| | - Geetha Srinivas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Swamy Vivekananda College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Namakkal, Tamilnadu 637205, India
| | - Monashilpa Palanivel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Swamy Vivekananda College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Namakkal, Tamilnadu 637205, India
| | - Nivetha Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Swamy Vivekananda College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Namakkal, Tamilnadu 637205, India
| | - Selvaraj Kunjiappan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil-626126, India
| | - Sivakumar Vellaichamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Arulmigu Kalasalingam College of Pharmacy, Krishnankoil-626126, India
| | - Murugananthan Gopal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Swamy Vivekananda College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Namakkal, Tamilnadu 637205, India
| | - Senthil Rajan Dharmalingam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Swamy Vivekananda College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Namakkal, Tamilnadu 637205, India
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Role of Tunable Gold Nanostructures in Cancer Nanotheranostics: Implications on Synthesis, Toxicity, Clinical Applications and Their Associated Opportunities and Challenges. JOURNAL OF NANOTHERANOSTICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/jnt4010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The existing diagnosis and treatment modalities have major limitations related to their precision and capability to understand several stages of disease development. A superior therapeutic system consists of a multifunctional approach in early diagnosis of the disease with a simultaneous progressive cure, using a precise medical approach towards complex treatment. These challenges can be addressed via nanotheranostics and explore suitable approaches to improve health care. Nanotechnology in combination with theranostics as an unconventional platform paved the way for developing novel strategies and modalities leading to diagnosis and therapy for complex disease conditions, ranging from acute to chronic levels. Among the metal nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles are being widely used for theranostics due to their inherent non-toxic nature and plasmonic properties. The unique optical and chemical properties of plasmonic metal nanoparticles along with theranostics have led to a promising era of plausible early detection of disease conditions, and they enable real-time monitoring with enhanced non-invasive or minimally invasive imaging of several ailments. This review aims to highlight the improvement and advancement brought to nanotheranostics by gold nanoparticles in the past decade. The clinical use of the metal nanoparticles in nanotheranostics is explained, along with the future perspectives on addressing the key applications related to diagnostics and therapeutics, respectively. The scope of gold nanoparticles and their realistic potential to design a sophisticated theranostic system is discussed in detail, along with their implications in clinical advancements which are the needs of the hour. The review concluded with the challenges, opportunities, and implications on translational potential of using gold nanoparticles in nanotheranostics.
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Zhang H, Xu L, Gu X, Yu D, Li S. Amphiphilic di-cationic methylene blue for improving antibacterial photodynamic efficiency through high accumulation and low aggregation on bacterial cell surfaces. RSC Adv 2022; 13:239-250. [PMID: 36605628 PMCID: PMC9766197 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06484g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aggregation state of photosensitizers on the surface of bacterial cells is an important scientific problem for antibacterial photodynamic therapy (APDT). High accumulation and high photoactive state maintenance of photosensitizers are the prerequisite of high APDT efficiency. In this study, an amphiphilic di-cationic methylene blue photosensitizer (C12-MB) was synthesized through quaternization, and its structure, interface properties, photophysical properties and antibacterial photodynamic properties were studied. The results showed that C12-MB could reduce 4.27 log10 CFU and 4.8 log10 CFU for P. aeruginosa and S. aureus under irradiation of light at 660 nm, higher than the parent methylene blue. Through a spectroscopic study on photosensitizer adsorption over the bacterial surface, C12-MB can be accumulated with higher concentration, and the photo-active monomer content is 73% and 70% over P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, higher than those of methylene blue: 25% and 49%, respectively. The higher content of non-aggregated photo-active monomer could contribute to higher antibacterial photodynamic efficiency. For C12-MB adsorbed over bacterial surfaces, planar packing inhibition and electrostatic repulsion could contribute to lower C12-MB aggregation, which provides an useful reference for the structural design of high-efficiency photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 P. R. China +86-25-58139386
| | - Lixian Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University No. 121 Jiangjiayuan Road Nanjing 210000 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Gu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 P. R. China +86-25-58139386
| | - Dinghua Yu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 P. R. China +86-25-58139386
| | - Shuang Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 P. R. China +86-25-58139386
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In vitro evaluation of the intensifying photodynamic effect due to the presence of plasmonic hollow gold nanoshells loaded with methylene blue on breast and melanoma cancer cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 40:103065. [PMID: 35973551 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia is one of the most important limiting factors in photodynamic therapy that can reduce the effectiveness of this treatment. By designing a nanocomplex of plasmonic nanoparticles and photosensitizers with similar optical properties, the rate of free oxygen radical production can be increased and the efficiency of photodynamic therapy can be improved. in this study, we tried to use the outstanding capacities of hollow gold nanoshells (HGNSs) as a plasmonic nanocarrier of methylene blue (MB) to improve the performance of photodynamic therapy. METHODS AND MATERIAL After synthesis and optimization of hollow gold nanoshells loaded with Methylene blue (HGNSs-PEG-MB), the characteristics of MB, HGNSs, HGNSs-PEG, HGNSs-PEG-MB, and their toxicity at different concentrations on the cell lines was determined. After determining of optimum concentration of nano agents, irradiation of cell was performed with non-coherent of light source with 670 nm wavelength and an intensity of 14.9 mW/cm2. Twenty-four hours after irradiation, an MTT assay was used to determine cell survival percentage. To compare the results, we defined different indexes such as treatment efficiency (TE), synergism ratio (SYN), and the amount of exposure required for 50% cell death (ED50). All the tests were repeated at least four times on the DFW and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. RESULTS For combination therapies with Lumacare irradiated HGNSs-PEG-MB, the UC index was less than one for all concentrations (P < 0.05). Also, the IC50 index for this nanostructure in non-irradiated conditions and less than 9 min irradiation time was lower than other treatment groups (P < 0.05). ED50 amounts for HGNSs-PEG-MB in all concentrations were greater than the other groups. TE Index was also reported to be greater than 1 in all irradiation conditions and concentrations. CONCLUSION In this study, HGNSs-PEG in the role of nanocarriers for methylene Blue was used. The results showed that irradiated HGNSs-PEG-MB by 670 nm light severely induced cell death and greatly improved the efficiency of photodynamic therapy in melanoma and breast cancer cells.
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Self-assembled nano-photosensitizer for targeted, activatable, and biosafe cancer phototheranostics. Biomaterials 2022; 291:121916. [PMID: 36410110 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer treatment currently still faces crucial challenges in therapeutic effectiveness, precision, and complexity. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a non-invasive tactic has earned widespread popularity for its excellent therapeutic output, flexibility, and restrained toxicity. Nonetheless, drawbacks, including low efficiency, poor cancer specificity, and limited therapeutic depth, remain considerable during the cancer treatment. Although great effort has been made to improve the performance, the overall efficiency and biosafety are still ambiguous and unable to meet urgent clinical needs. Herein, this study integrates merits from previous PDT strategies and develops a cancer-targeting, activatable, biosafe photosensitizer. Owing to excellent self-assembly ability, this photosensitizer can be conveniently prepared as multifunctional nano-photosensitizers, namely MBNPs, and applied to in vivo cancer phototheranostics in "all-in-one" mode. This study successfully verifies the mechanism of MBNPs, then deploys them to cell-based and in vivo cancer PDT. Based on the unique cancer microenvironment, MBNPs achieve precise distribution, accumulation, and activation towards the tumor, releasing methylene blue as a potent photosensitizer for phototherapy. The PDT outcome demonstrates MBNPs' superior cancer specificity, remarkable PDT efficacy, and negligible toxicity. Meanwhile, in vivo NIR fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging have been utilized to guide the PDT treatment synergistically. Additionally, the biosafety of the MBNPs-based PDT treatment is ensured, thus providing potential for future clinical studies.
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A Gold Nanoparticle Bioconjugate Delivery System for Active Targeted Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194558. [PMID: 36230480 PMCID: PMC9559518 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), also called tumor-initiating cells, are a subpopulation of cancer cells believed to be the leading cause of cancer initiation, growth, metastasis, and recurrence. Presently there are no effective treatments targeted at eliminating CSCs. Hence, an urgent need to develop measures to target CSCs to eliminate potential recurrence and metastasis associated with CSCs. Cancer stem cells have inherent and unique features that differ from other cancer cells, which they leverage to resist conventional therapies. Targeting such features with photodynamic therapy (PDT) could be a promising treatment for drug-resistant cancer stem cells. Photodynamic therapy is a light-mediated non-invasive treatment modality. However, PDT alone is unable to eliminate cancer stem cells effectively, hence the need for a targeted approach. Gold nanoparticle bioconjugates with PDT could be a potential approach for targeted photodynamic therapy of cancer and CSCs. This approach has the potential for enhanced drug delivery, selective and specific attachment to target tumor cells/CSCs, as well as the ability to efficiently generate ROS. This review examines the impact of a smart gold nanoparticle bioconjugate coupled with a photosensitizer (PS) in promoting targeted PDT of cancer and CSC.
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15
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Xiang X, Zhou J, Lin S, Zhang N, Abulipizi G, Chen G, Li Z. Dual drive acute lethal toxicity of methylene blue to Daphnia magna by polystyrene microplastics and light. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 840:156681. [PMID: 35709993 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) can adsorb and influence the toxicity of traditional pollutants significantly. Although the complex toxicity of MPs and molecular pollutants were frequently reported, rare work has been done on the influence of MPs on the phototoxicity of photosensitive pollutants under light illumination condition. Herein, polystyrene microplastics (PS) (~1 μm in diameter, 5.0 mg/L) was used as a model MP to investigate its influence on the phototoxicity of a soluble blue dye, methylene blue (MB) using Daphnia magna as a model organism. The results indicate that PS could adsorb MB effectively and quickly, thus led to concentrated MB on PS/water interface. D. magna ingested MB-adsorbed PS very quickly within tens of minutes. Although MB or PS alone led to negligible lethal phototoxicity to D. magna, PS significantly enhanced the lethal phototoxicity of MB (0.25 mg/L) to D. magna after light illumination (10 h) with the survival rate decreased by 63.3 % compared with the control in the dark. Further, the phototoxicity of MB was found positively consistent with PS concentration from 0.50 mg/L to 7.50 mg/L. The singlet oxygen fluorescence assay indicates that the presence of PS did not increase the total amount of singlet oxygen in the aquatic environment but increased the local concentration in the gut area via non-selective ingestion of D. magna. High level singlet oxygen generated in the gut might possibly be the main reason that led to the massive death of D. magna. Surface adsorption of photosensitive pollutants may transform inert MPs into persistent solid sources of singlet oxygen production and become a new potential lethal threat to aquatic small organisms and ecological equilibrium. This kind of MPs and light dual drive phototoxicity of photosensitive pollutants needs to paid more attention in understanding the uncertain ecological risk of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangmei Xiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Shaochen Lin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | | | - Guikui Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Zhanjun Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
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Yang LX, Liu YC, Cho CH, Chen YR, Yang CS, Lu YL, Zhang Z, Tsai YT, Chin YC, Yu J, Pan HM, Jiang WR, Chia ZC, Huang WS, Chiu YL, Sun CK, Huang YT, Chen LM, Wong KT, Huang HM, Chen CH, Chang YJ, Huang CC, Liu TM. A universal strategy for the fabrication of single-photon and multiphoton NIR nanoparticles by loading organic dyes into water-soluble polymer nanosponges. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:311. [PMID: 35794602 PMCID: PMC9258130 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01515-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe development of optical organic nanoparticles (NPs) is desirable and widely studied. However, most organic dyes are water-insoluble such that the derivatization and modification of these dyes are difficult. Herein, we demonstrated a simple platform for the fabrication of organic NPs designed with emissive properties by loading ten different organic dyes (molar masses of 479.1–1081.7 g/mol) into water-soluble polymer nanosponges composed of poly(styrene-alt-maleic acid) (PSMA). The result showed a substantial improvement over the loading of commercial dyes (3.7–50% loading) while preventing their spontaneous aggregation in aqueous solutions. This packaging strategy includes our newly synthesized organic dyes (> 85% loading) designed for OPVs (242), DSSCs (YI-1, YI-3, YI-8), and OLEDs (ADF-1–3, and DTDPTID) applications. These low-cytotoxicity organic NPs exhibited tunable fluorescence from visible to near-infrared (NIR) emission for cellular imaging and biological tracking in vivo. Moreover, PSMA NPs loaded with designed NIR-dyes were fabricated, and photodynamic therapy with these dye-loaded PSMA NPs for the photolysis of cancer cells was achieved when coupled with 808 nm laser excitation. Indeed, our work demonstrates a facile approach for increasing the biocompatibility and stability of organic dyes by loading them into water-soluble polymer-based carriers, providing a new perspective of organic optoelectronic materials in biomedical theranostic applications.
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Liao MY, Huang TC, Chin YC, Cheng TY, Lin GM. Surfactant-Free Green Synthesis of Au@Chlorophyll Nanorods for NIR PDT-Elicited CDT in Bladder Cancer Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:2819-2833. [PMID: 35616917 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The facile and straightforward fabrication of NIR-responsive theranostic materials with high biocompatibility is still an unmet need for nanomedicine applications. Here, we used a natural photosensitizer, iron chlorophyll (Chl/Fe), for the J-aggregate template-assisted synthesis of Au@Chl/Fe nanorods with high stability. The assembly of a high amount of Chl/Fe J-aggregate onto the Au surface enabled red-NIR fluorescence for monitoring and tracking residential tumor lesions. The Chl/Fe moieties condensed on the nanorods could change the redox balance by the photon induction of reactive oxygen species and attenuate iron-mediated lipid peroxidation by inducing a Fenton-like reaction. After conjugation with carboxyphenylboronic acid (CPBA) to target the glycoprotein receptor on T24 bladder cancer (BC) cells, the enhanced delivery of Au@Chl/Fe-CPBA nanorods could induce over 85% cell death at extremely low concentrations of 0.16 ppm[Au] at 660 nm and 1.6 ppm[Au] at 785 nm. High lipid peroxidation, as shown by BODIPY staining and GSH depletion, was observed when treated T24 cells were exposed to laser irradiation, suggesting that preliminary photodynamic therapy (PDT) can revitalize Fenton-like reaction-mediated chemodynamic ferroptosis in T24 cells. We also manipulated the localized administration of Au@Chl-Fe combined with PDT at restricted regions in orthotopic tumor-bearing mice to cure malignant BC successfully without recurrence. By intravesical instillation of the Au@Chl/Fe-CPBA nanorods, this localized treatment could prevent the material from entering the systemic circulation, thus minimizing systemic toxicity. Upon activating NIR-PDT-elicited chemodynamic therapy, ultrasound imaging revealed almost complete tumor remission. Anti-tumor efficacy and survival benefit were achieved with a green photosensitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Yi Liao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chi Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Chin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Cheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan
| | - Geng-Min Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan
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Tavakkoli Yaraki M, Liu B, Tan YN. Emerging Strategies in Enhancing Singlet Oxygen Generation of Nano-Photosensitizers Toward Advanced Phototherapy. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:123. [PMID: 35513555 PMCID: PMC9072609 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00856-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The great promise of photodynamic therapy (PDT) has thrusted the rapid progress of developing highly effective photosensitizers (PS) in killing cancerous cells and bacteria. To mitigate the intrinsic limitations of the classical molecular photosensitizers, researchers have been looking into designing new generation of nanomaterial-based photosensitizers (nano-photosensitizers) with better photostability and higher singlet oxygen generation (SOG) efficiency, and ways of enhancing the performance of existing photosensitizers. In this paper, we review the recent development of nano-photosensitizers and nanoplasmonic strategies to enhance the SOG efficiency for better PDT performance. Firstly, we explain the mechanism of reactive oxygen species generation by classical photosensitizers, followed by a brief discussion on the commercially available photosensitizers and their limitations in PDT. We then introduce three types of new generation nano-photosensitizers that can effectively produce singlet oxygen molecules under visible light illumination, i.e., aggregation-induced emission nanodots, metal nanoclusters (< 2 nm), and carbon dots. Different design approaches to synthesize these nano-photosensitizers were also discussed. To further enhance the SOG rate of nano-photosensitizers, plasmonic strategies on using different types of metal nanoparticles in both colloidal and planar metal-PS systems are reviewed. The key parameters that determine the metal-enhanced SOG (ME-SOG) efficiency and their underlined enhancement mechanism are discussed. Lastly, we highlight the future prospects of these nanoengineering strategies, and discuss how the future development in nanobiotechnology and theoretical simulation could accelerate the design of new photosensitizers and ME-SOG systems for highly effective image-guided photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tavakkoli Yaraki
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, The Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis, 138634, Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore.
| | - Yen Nee Tan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, The Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis, 138634, Singapore.
- Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
- Newcastle Research and Innovation Institute, Newcastle University in Singapore, 80 Jurong East Street 21, #05-04, Singapore, 609607, Singapore.
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Yang Y, Zheng X, Chen L, Gong X, Yang H, Duan X, Zhu Y. Multifunctional Gold Nanoparticles in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:2041-2067. [PMID: 35571258 PMCID: PMC9094645 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s355142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world, behind only cardiovascular diseases, and is one of the most serious diseases threatening human health nowadays. Cancer patients’ lives are being extended by the use of contemporary medical technologies, such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, these treatments are not always effective in extending cancer patients’ lives. Simultaneously, these approaches are often accompanied with a series of negative consequences, such as the occurrence of adverse effects and an increased risk of relapse. As a result, the development of a novel cancer-eradication strategy is still required. The emergence of nanomedicine as a promising technology brings a new avenue for the circumvention of limitations of conventional cancer therapies. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), in particular, have garnered extensive attention due to their many specific advantages, including customizable size and shape, multiple and useful physicochemical properties, and ease of functionalization. Based on these characteristics, many therapeutic and diagnostic applications of AuNPs have been exploited, particularly for malignant tumors, such as drug and nucleic acid delivery, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and X-ray-based computed tomography imaging. To leverage the potential of AuNPs, these applications demand a comprehensive and in-depth overview. As a result, we discussed current achievements in AuNPs in anticancer applications in a more methodical manner in this review. Also addressed in depth are the present status of clinical trials, as well as the difficulties that may be encountered when translating some basic findings into the clinic, in order to serve as a reference for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Gong
- POWERCHINA Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited, Chengdu, 611130, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Yang
- POWERCHINA Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited, Chengdu, 611130, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingmei Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yuxuan Zhu, Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Choi C, Chakraborty A, Coyle A, Shamiya Y, Paul A. Contact-Free Remote Manipulation of Hydrogel Properties Using Light-Triggerable Nanoparticles: A Materials Science Perspective for Biomedical Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102088. [PMID: 35032156 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Considerable progress has been made in synthesizing "intelligent", biodegradable hydrogels that undergo rapid changes in physicochemical properties once exposed to external stimuli. These advantageous properties of stimulus-triggered materials make them highly appealing to diverse biomedical applications. Of late, research on the incorporation of light-triggered nanoparticles (NPs) into polymeric hydrogel networks has gained momentum due to their ability to remotely tune hydrogel properties using facile, contact-free approaches, such as adjustment of wavelength and intensity of light source. These multi-functional NPs, in combination with tissue-mimicking hydrogels, are increasingly being used for on-demand drug release, preparing diagnostic kits, and fabricating smart scaffolds. Here, the authors discuss the atomic behavior of different NPs in the presence of light, and critically review the mechanisms by which NPs convert light stimuli into heat energy. Then, they explain how these NPs impact the mechanical properties and rheological behavior of NPs-impregnated hydrogels. Understanding the rheological behavior of nanocomposite hydrogels using different sophisticated strategies, including computer-assisted machine learning, is critical for designing the next generation of drug delivery systems. Next, they highlight the salient strategies that have been used to apply light-induced nanocomposites for diverse biomedical applications and provide an outlook for the further improvement of these NPs-driven light-responsive hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho‐E Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering The University of Western Ontario London ON N6A 5B9 Canada
| | - Aishik Chakraborty
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering The University of Western Ontario London ON N6A 5B9 Canada
| | - Ali Coyle
- School of Biomedical Engineering The University of Western Ontario London ON N6A 5B9 Canada
| | - Yasmeen Shamiya
- Department of Chemistry The University of Western Ontario London ON N6A 5B9 Canada
| | - Arghya Paul
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering School of Biomedical Engineering Department of Chemistry The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research The University of Western Ontario London ON N6A 5B9 Canada
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Wang L, Su X, Xie JH, Ming LJ. Specific recognitions of multivalent cyclotriphosphazene derivatives in sensing, imaging, theranostics, and biomimetic catalysis. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Narayanan N, Kim JH, Santhakumar H, Joseph MM, Karunakaran V, Shamjith S, Saranya G, Sujai PT, Jayasree RS, Barman I, Maiti KK. Nanotheranostic Probe Built on Methylene Blue Loaded Cucurbituril [8] and Gold Nanorod: Targeted Phototherapy in Combination with SERS Imaging on Breast Cancer Cells. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:13415-13424. [PMID: 34871005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c08609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent advancements in a nanoarchitecture platform for safe and effective targeted phototherapy in a synergistic fashion is an absolute necessity in localized cancer therapy. Photothermal and photodynamic therapies (PTT and PDT) are considered as the most promising localized therapeutic intervention for cancer management as they have no long-term side effects and are minimally invasive and affordable. Herein, we have demonstrated a tailor-made nanotheranostic probe in which macrocyclic host cucurbituril [8] (CB[8]) is placed as a glue between two gold nanorods (GNRs) within ∼3 nm gaps in linear nanoassemblies with exquisitely sensitive plasmonics that exert combined phototherapy to investigate the therapeutic progression on human breast cancer cells. Photosensitizer methylene blue was positioned on CB[8] to impart the PDT effect, whereas GNR was responsible for PTT on a single laser trigger ensuring the synchronized phototherapy. Furthermore, the nanoconstruct was tagged with targeting anti-Her2 monoclonal antibody (MB-CB[8]@GNR-anti-Her2) for localized PTT and PDT on Her2 positive SKBR3 cells, subsequent cellular recognition by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform, and further assessment of the combined intracellular phototherapy. Hence, the current strategy is definitely marked as a proof-of-concept straightforward approach that implies the perfect nature of the combined phototherapy to achieve an efficient cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Narayanan
- Chemical Science & Technology Division (CSTD), Organic Chemistry Section, Industrial Estate, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Jeong Hee Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Hema Santhakumar
- Division of Biophotonics and Imaging, Bio Medical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695012, India
| | - Manu M Joseph
- Chemical Science & Technology Division (CSTD), Organic Chemistry Section, Industrial Estate, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695019, India
| | - Varsha Karunakaran
- Chemical Science & Technology Division (CSTD), Organic Chemistry Section, Industrial Estate, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shanmughan Shamjith
- Chemical Science & Technology Division (CSTD), Organic Chemistry Section, Industrial Estate, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Giridharan Saranya
- Chemical Science & Technology Division (CSTD), Organic Chemistry Section, Industrial Estate, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Palasseri T Sujai
- Chemical Science & Technology Division (CSTD), Organic Chemistry Section, Industrial Estate, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Ramapurath S Jayasree
- Division of Biophotonics and Imaging, Bio Medical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695012, India
| | - Ishan Barman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Kaustabh Kumar Maiti
- Chemical Science & Technology Division (CSTD), Organic Chemistry Section, Industrial Estate, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science & Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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23
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Salahuddin N, Akelah A, Elnagar M, Abdelwahab MA. Antibacterial and cytotoxicity of methylene blue loaded-cellulose nanocarrier on breast cancer cell line. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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24
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Chen GT, Hu TM. Stable Encapsulation of Methylene Blue in Polysulfide Organosilica Colloids for Fluorescent Tracking of Nanoparticle Uptake in Cells. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:32109-32119. [PMID: 34870032 PMCID: PMC8637969 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Methylene blue (MB), a century-old drug and a fluorescent dye, has a long history of diverse applications, both in drug therapy and as a tissue-staining agent. However, MB is inherently unstable when exposed to light and reducing agents. In this study, we aim to prepare and characterize polysulfide-based organosilica colloidal particles for efficient, stable, and protective encapsulation of MB. Disulfide- and tetrasulfide-containing organosilane congeners were used as organosilica precursors for direct synthesis of organosilica colloids based on the silica ouzo effect. MB was spontaneously entrapped into the colloidal particles during the particle formation process. The following properties of the colloidal MB were evaluated: particle size, surface charge, atomic distribution, encapsulation efficiency, MB release, photodynamic activity, thiol and ascorbate reactivity, and cytotoxicity. The DLS measurements show that the size of colloidal MB is tunable in a range of 100 nm to 1 μm. SEM images reveal spherical particles with composition-dependent particle sizes of 70-120 nm (coefficient of variation: 15-18%). MB was encapsulated in the colloidal particles with a maximal efficiency of 95%. The release of MB from the colloids was <1% at 4 h and <3.5% at 48 h. The colloidal particles show much reduced photodynamic activity, low reactivity toward reducing agents, and low cytotoxicity. Accordingly, the colloidal MB was proposed and further investigated as a fluorescent particle tracer for the study of cell-nanoparticle interactions. In conclusion, MB can be efficiently and stably loaded into polysulfide organosilica colloidal particles using a simple and convenient physical route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guann-Tyng Chen
- Institute
of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National
Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Yangming Campus, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Tri-Service
General Hospital, Beitou-Branch, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Teh-Min Hu
- Institute
of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National
Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Yangming Campus, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department
of Pharmacy, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung
University, Yangming Campus, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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25
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Lim DJ. Methylene Blue-Based Nano and Microparticles: Fabrication and Applications in Photodynamic Therapy. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3955. [PMID: 34833254 PMCID: PMC8618133 DOI: 10.3390/polym13223955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylene blue (MB) has been used in the textile industry since it was first extracted by the German chemist Heinrich Caro. Its pharmacological properties have also been applied toward the treatment of certain diseases such as methemoglobinemia, ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy, and thyroid conditions requiring surgery. Recently, the utilization of MB as a safe photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT) has received attention. Recent findings demonstrate that photoactivated MB exhibits not only anticancer activity but also antibacterial activity both in vitro and in vivo. However, due to the hydrophilic nature of MB, it is difficult to create MB-embedded nano- or microparticles capable of increasing the clinical efficacy of the PDT. This review aims to summarize fabrication techniques for MB-embedded nano and microparticles and to provide both in vitro and in vivo examples of MB-mediated PDT, thereby offering a future perspective on improving this promising clinical treatment modality. We also address examples of MB-mediated PDT in both cancer and infection treatments. Both in-vitro and in-vivo studies are summarized here to document recent trends in utilizing MB as an effective photosensitizer in PDT. Lastly, we discuss how developing efficient MB-carrying nano- and microparticle platforms would be able to increase the benefits of PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jin Lim
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0012, USA
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26
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Sharma B, Thakur V, Kaur G, Chaudhary GR. Efficient Photodynamic Therapy against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria Using Rose Bengal Encapsulated in Metallocatanionic Vesicles in the Presence of Visible Light. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:8515-8524. [PMID: 35019621 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Significant consumption of antibiotics has generated multidrug resistance in bacteria, which is a major menace to human beings. Antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a progressing technique for inhibition of bacterial infection with minimal side effects. Metals and delivering agents play a major role in aPDT efficiency. Herein, we report a formulation to enrich the antibacterial photodynamic therapy utilizing metallocatanionic vesicles (MCVs) against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These MCVs were synthesized by utilizing iron-based double-chain metallosurfactant [FeCPC(II)] as a cationic surfactant and AOT, a double-chain anionic surfactant. These synthesized MCV fractions were characterized by distinct techniques like DLS, zeta potential, FE-SEM, confocal microscopy, SAXS, and UV-Visible spectroscopy. Polyhedral-shaped MCVs with a size of 200 nm were formed, wherein the charge and size of the catanionic vesicle can be controlled by varying the mixing ratios. Both Gram-positive bacteria, i.e., methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Gram-negative bacteria, i.e., Escherichia coli (E. coli), were used for aPDT using Rose Bengal (RB) as a photosensitizer (PS) encapsulated in MCVs in the presence of a 532 nm wavelength laser. The aPDT against bacterial cells was evaluated for both dark and light toxicities. Pure MCVs also exhibited good antibacterial properties; however, much enhancement was observed in the presence of RB encapsulated in MCVs under light, where eradication of bacteria (E. coli and MRSA) was achieved in 30 min. The observations demonstrated that it is the presence of metal that enhances the singlet oxygen quantum yield of RB and MCVs help in retarding self-quenching and enhanced solubilization of RB. The cationic surfactant-rich fraction shows strong adhesion toward bacteria via electrostatic interactions. The outcome of this research shows that these newly fabricated metal-based metallocatanionic vesicles were effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using aPDT and must be exploited for clinical applications as well as an alternative for antibiotics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bunty Sharma
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Vipul Thakur
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Ganga Ram Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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27
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Kuo SH, Wu PT, Huang JY, Chiu CP, Yu J, Liao MY. Fabrication of Anisotropic Cu Ferrite-Polymer Core-Shell Nanoparticles for Photodynamic Ablation of Cervical Cancer Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2429. [PMID: 33291730 PMCID: PMC7761902 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work we developed methylene blue-immobilized copper-iron nanoparticles (MB-CuFe NPs) through a facile one-step hydrothermal reaction to achieve a better phototherapeutic effect. The Fe/Cu ratio of the CuFe NPs was controllable by merely changing the loading amount of iron precursor concentration. The CuFe NPs could serve as a Fenton catalyst to convert hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into reactive oxygen species (ROS), while the superparamagnetic properties also suggest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) potential. Furthermore, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved MB photosensitizer could strongly adsorb onto the surface of CuFe NPs to facilitate the drug delivery into cells and improve the photodynamic therapy at 660 nm via significant generation of singlet oxygen species, leading to enhanced cancer cell-damaging efficacy. An MTT (thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide) assay proved the low cytotoxicity of the CuFe NPs to cervical cancer cells (HeLa cells), namely above 80% at 25 ppm of the sample dose. A slight dissolution of Cu and Fe ions from the CuFe NPs in an acidic environment was obtained, providing direct evidence for CuFe NPs being degradable without the risk of long-term retention in the body. Moreover, the tremendous photo-to-thermal conversion of CuFe NPs was examined, which might be combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT) for promising development in the depletion of cancer cells after a single pulse of deep-red light irradiation at high laser power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Hsiu Kuo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.-H.K.); (P.-T.W.)
| | - Po-Ting Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.-H.K.); (P.-T.W.)
| | - Jing-Yin Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan; (J.-Y.H.); (C.-P.C.)
| | - Chin-Pao Chiu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan; (J.-Y.H.); (C.-P.C.)
| | - Jiashing Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.-H.K.); (P.-T.W.)
| | - Mei-Yi Liao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan; (J.-Y.H.); (C.-P.C.)
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28
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Liang J, Liu J, Jin X, Yao S, Chen B, Huang Q, Hu J, Wan J, Hu Z, Wang B. Versatile Nanoplatform Loaded with Doxorubicin and Graphene Quantum Dots/Methylene Blue for Drug Delivery and Chemophotothermal/Photodynamic Synergetic Cancer Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:7122-7132. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junlong Liang
- Department of Polymer Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Polymer Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiaokang Jin
- Department of Polymer Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Shuting Yao
- Department of Polymer Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Biling Chen
- Department of Polymer Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qianwei Huang
- Department of Polymer Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jinhua Hu
- Department of Polymer Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Junmin Wan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhiwen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Polymer Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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29
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Klosowski EM, de Souza BTL, Mito MS, Constantin RP, Mantovanelli GC, Mewes JM, Bizerra PFV, Menezes PVMDC, Gilglioni EH, Utsunomiya KS, Marchiosi R, Dos Santos WD, Filho OF, Caetano W, Pereira PCDS, Gonçalves RS, Constantin J, Ishii-Iwamoto EL, Constantin RP. The photodynamic and direct actions of methylene blue on mitochondrial energy metabolism: A balance of the useful and harmful effects of this photosensitizer. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 153:34-53. [PMID: 32315767 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
According to the literature, methylene blue (MB) is a photosensitizer (PS) with a high affinity for mitochondria. Therefore, several studies have explored this feature to evaluate its photodynamic effects on the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway under normoxic conditions. We are aware only of limited reports regarding MB's photodynamic effects on mitochondrial energy metabolism, especially under hypoxic conditions. Thus, the purposes of this study were to determine the direct and photodynamic acute effects of MB on the energy metabolism of rat liver mitochondria under hypoxic conditions and its direct acute effects on several parameters linked to energy metabolism in the isolated perfused rat liver. MB presented a high affinity for mitochondria, irrespective of photostimulation or proton gradient formation. Upon photostimulation, MB demonstrated high in vitro oxidizing species generation ability. Consequently, MB damaged the mitochondrial macromolecules, as could be evidenced by the elevated levels of lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyls. In addition to generating a pro-oxidant environment, MB also led to a deficient antioxidant defence system, as indicated by the reduced glutathione (GSH) depletion. Bioenergetically, MB caused uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation and led to photodynamic inactivation of complex I, complex II, and F1FO-ATP synthase complex, thus decreasing mitochondrial ATP generation. Contrary to what is expected for an ideal PS, MB displayed appreciable dark toxicity on mitochondrial energy metabolism. The results indicated that MB acted via at least three mechanisms: direct damage to the inner mitochondrial membrane; uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation; and inhibition of electron transfer. Confirming the impairment of mitochondrial energy metabolism, MB also strongly inhibited mitochondrial ATP production. In the perfused rat liver, MB stimulated oxygen consumption, decreased the ATP/ADP ratio, inhibited gluconeogenesis and ureogenesis, and stimulated glycogenolysis, glycolysis, and ammoniagenesis, fully corroborating its uncoupling action in intact cells, as well. It can be concluded that even under hypoxic conditions, MB is a PS with potential for photodynamic effect-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. However, MB disrupts the mitochondrial energy metabolism even in the dark, causing energy-linked liver metabolic changes that could be harmful in specific circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Makiyama Klosowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Byanca Thais Lima de Souza
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Marcio Shigueaki Mito
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Renato Polimeni Constantin
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Gislaine Cristiane Mantovanelli
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Morais Mewes
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Francisco Veiga Bizerra
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Vinicius Moreira da Costa Menezes
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Hideo Gilglioni
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Karina Sayuri Utsunomiya
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Rogério Marchiosi
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Wanderley Dantas Dos Santos
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Osvaldo Ferrarese Filho
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Wilker Caetano
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Jorgete Constantin
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Emy Luiza Ishii-Iwamoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Polimeni Constantin
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
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30
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Mehmood S, Wang L, Yu H, Haq F, Fahad S, Bilal‐ul‐Amin, Alim Uddin M, Haroon M. Recent Progress on the Preparation of Cyclomatrix‐Polyphosphazene Based Micro/Nanospheres and Their Application for Drug Release. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahid Mehmood
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P.R. China
| | - Haojie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P.R. China
| | - Fazal Haq
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P.R. China
| | - Shah Fahad
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P.R. China
| | - Bilal‐ul‐Amin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P.R. China
| | - Md Alim Uddin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P.R. China
| | - Muhammad Haroon
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P.R. China
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31
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Hashemnia S, Mokhtari Z, Solati Z, Azimpanah R, Nikoozad M. Electrochemical Evaluation of Folic Acid by Low Concentration of Methylene Blue Coated on a Green‐Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles Suspension Solution. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202000673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Hashemnia
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of SciencesPersian Gulf University Bushehr 75169 Iran
| | - Zaynab Mokhtari
- Department of ChemistryYasouj University Under Hill Yasouj 75918-74934 Iran
| | - Zahra Solati
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of SciencesPersian Gulf University Bushehr 75169 Iran
| | - Razieh Azimpanah
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of SciencesPersian Gulf University Bushehr 75169 Iran
| | - Mahsa Nikoozad
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of SciencesPersian Gulf University Bushehr 75169 Iran
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32
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Kariminezhad H, Mousapour M, Khorram S, Amani H. Photodynamic Inactivation of Staphylococcus epidermidis: Application of PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-019-04248-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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33
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Zhang FL, Huang N, Weng HL, Xue JP. Tamoxifen-zinc(II) phthalocyanine conjugates for target-based photodynamic therapy and hormone therapy. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s108842461950161x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Although photodynamic therapy has been extensively studied in recent years and preclinical studies have shown promising results, strategies for enhancing PDT outcomes and reducing side effects still urgently need to be developed. In this study, a series of Tamoxifen-zinc(II) phthalocyanine conjugates have been designed and synthesized. In these “double-headed” conjugates, photodynamic therapy agent zinc(II) phthalocyanine and hormone therapy drug Tamoxifen were combined via oligoethylene glycol linkers. The conjugates show high specificity, and some of them show cytotoxic effects against the MCF-7 cells overexpressed Estrogen receptor, due to the targeting and cytostatic Tamoxifen moiety. Upon illumination, all these conjugates show high cytotoxicity due to the photosensitizing phthalocyanine unit. Their structure-activity relationship was also assessed. The results show that [Formula: see text]-substituted Tamoxifen-zinc(II) phthalocyanine conjugates are highly promising anticancer targeting agents which exhibit additive effects of photodynamic therapy and hormone therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Ling Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310053, P. R. China
| | - Ning Huang
- The Second People’s Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 282 Wusi Road, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Lan Weng
- The Second People’s Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 282 Wusi Road, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Ping Xue
- National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, and Fujian Engineering Research Center for Drug and Diagnoses and Treatment of Photodynamic Therapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, P. R. China
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34
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Monroe JD, Belekov E, Er AO, Smith ME. Anticancer Photodynamic Therapy Properties of Sulfur-Doped Graphene Quantum Dot and Methylene Blue Preparations in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Culture. Photochem Photobiol 2019; 95:1473-1481. [PMID: 31230353 DOI: 10.1111/php.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a field with many applications including chemotherapy. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) exhibit a variety of unique properties and can be used in PDT to generate singlet oxygen that destroys pathogenic bacteria and cancer cells. The PDT agent, methylene blue (MB), like GQDs, has been successfully exploited to destroy bacteria and cancer cells by increasing reactive oxygen species generation. Recently, combinations of GQDs and MB have been shown to destroy pathogenic bacteria via increased singlet oxygen generation. Here, we performed a spectrophotometric assay to detect and measure the uptake of GQDs, MB and several GQD-MB combinations in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Then, we used a cell counting method to evaluate the cytotoxicity of GQDs, MB and a 1:1 GQD:MB preparation. Singlet oxygen generation in cells was then detected and measured using singlet oxygen sensor green. The dye, H2 DCFDA, was used to measure reactive oxygen species production. We found that GQD and MB uptake into MCF-7 cells occurred, but that MB, followed by 1:1 GQD:MB, caused superior cytotoxicity and singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen species generation. Our results suggest that methylene blue's effect against MCF-7 cells is not potentiated by GQDs, either in light or dark conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry D Monroe
- Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY
| | - Ermek Belekov
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY
| | - Ali Oguz Er
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY
| | - Michael E Smith
- Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY
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35
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Huang X, Gu R, Li J, Yang N, Cheng Z, Si W, Chen P, Huang W, Dong X. Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Au(I) as singlet oxygen generator for enhanced tumor photodynamic and photothermal therapy. Sci China Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-019-9531-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Guo W, Sun C, Jiang G, Xin Y. Recent Developments of Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Photodynamic Therapy for Cervical Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:1809-1819. [PMID: 30973114 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190411121953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a photoactivation or photosensitization process, wherein the photosensitizer
(PS) is activated under appropriate wavelengths. Conventional antitumor therapy for cervical cancer
includes surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, these techniques are accompanied by some evident
shortcomings. PDT is considered an emerging minimally invasive treatment for cervical cancer. In recent years,
new PSs have been synthesized because of the long absorption wavelength, good solubility, and high tumor
targeting ability. Studies also showed that the synergistic combination of nanomaterials with PSs resulted in
considerable benefits compared with the use of small-molecule PSs alone. The compounds can act both as a
drug delivery system and PS and enhance the photodynamic effect. This review summarizes the application of
some newly synthesized PSs and PS-combined nanoparticles in cervical cancer treatment to enhance the efficiency
of PDT. The mechanism and influencing factors of PDT are further elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Guo
- Department of Radiation, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Xinyi People's Hospital, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Guan Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Yong Xin
- Department of Radiation, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
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Duong HD, Vo-Dinh T, Rhee JI. Synthesis and functionalization of gold nanostars for singlet oxygen production. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2018.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wu PT, Lin CL, Lin CW, Chang NC, Tsai WB, Yu J. Methylene-Blue-Encapsulated Liposomes as Photodynamic Therapy Nano Agents for Breast Cancer Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 9:E14. [PMID: 30583581 PMCID: PMC6359461 DOI: 10.3390/nano9010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Methylene blue (MB) is a widely used dye and photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent that can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) after light exposure, triggering apoptosis. However, it is hard for the dye to penetrate through the cell membrane, leading to poor cellular uptake; thus, drug carriers, which could enhance the cellular uptake, are a suitable solution. In addition, the defective vessels resulting from fast vessel outgrowth leads to an enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, which gives nanoscale drug carriers a promising potential. In this study, we applied poly(12-(methacryloyloxy)dodecyl phosphorylcholine), a zwitterionic polymer-lipid, to self-assemble into liposomes and encapsulate MB (MB-liposome). Its properties of high stability and fast intracellular uptake were confirmed, and the higher in vitro ROS generation ability of MB-liposomes than that of free MB was also verified. For in vivo tests, we examined the toxicity in mice via tail vein injection. With the features found, MB-liposome has the potential of being an effective PDT nano agent for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Ting Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 103, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Ling Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 103, Taiwan.
| | - Che-Wei Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 103, Taiwan.
| | - Ning-Chu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 103, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Bor Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 103, Taiwan.
| | - Jiashing Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 103, Taiwan.
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Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of three metalla-rectangles of the general formula [Ru4(η6-p-cymene)4(μ4-clip)2(μ2-Lanthr)2][CF3SO3]4 (Lanthr: 9,10-bis(3,3’-ethynylpyridyl) anthracene; clip = oxa: oxalato; dobq: 2,5-dioxido-1,4-benzoquinonato; donq: 5,8-dioxido-1,4-naphthoquinonato) are presented. The molecular structure of the metalla-rectangle [Ru4(η6-p-cymene)4(μ4-oxa)2(μ2-Lanthr)2]4+ has been confirmed by the single-crystal X-ray structure analysis of [Ru4(η6-p-cymene)4(μ4-oxa)2(μ2-Lanthr)2][CF3SO3]4 · 4 acetone (A2 · 4 acetone), thus showing the anthracene moieties to be available for reaction with oxygen. While the formation of the endoperoxide form of Lanthr was observed in solution upon white light irradiation, the same reaction does not occur when Lanthr is part of the metalla-assemblies.
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Crous A, Chizenga E, Hodgkinson N, Abrahamse H. Targeted Photodynamic Therapy: A Novel Approach to Abolition of Human Cancer Stem Cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OPTICS 2018; 2018:1-9. [DOI: 10.1155/2018/7317063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a global burden that has prompted extensive research into prevention and treatment, over many decades. Scientific studies have shown that subset of cells within a tumour, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), are responsible for tumourigenesis, metastasis, drug resistance, and recurrences. CSCs have characteristic features of enhanced self-renewal, proliferation, and limited but multidirectional differentiation capacity. The discovery of CSCs has initiated extensive research into novel cancer treatment regimes. Evidence indicates that CSCs are resistant to conventional chemo- and radiation therapy leading to treatment failures, cancer metastasis, secondary cancer formation, and relapse. Because of the observed phenomena in the course of cancer prognosis, a need for treatment modalities targeting CSCs is important. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved, minimally invasive, therapeutic procedure that can exert a selective cytotoxic activity toward cancerous cells while reducing toxicity to normal cells. It uses a photosensitizer (PS) that becomes excited when subjected to light at a specific wavelength, and the PS forms reactive oxygen species (ROS) killing malignant cells. Currently, PDT is being investigated as a target specific treatment for CSCs by the addition of carrier molecules and antibody conjugates bound to the PS. Targeted PDT (TPDT) may be able to not only eradicate the tumour mass but kill CSCs as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anine Crous
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, Room 5308, John Orr Building, South Africa
| | - Elvin Chizenga
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, Room 5308, John Orr Building, South Africa
| | - Natasha Hodgkinson
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, Room 5308, John Orr Building, South Africa
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, Room 5308, John Orr Building, South Africa
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Junqueira Garcia MT, Pedralino Gonçalves T, São Félix Martins É, Silva Martins T, Carvalho de Abreu Fantini M, Regazi Minarini PR, Costa Fernandez S, Cassone Salata G, Biagini Lopes L. Improvement of cutaneous delivery of methylene blue by liquid crystals. Int J Pharm 2018; 548:454-465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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García Calavia P, Bruce G, Pérez-García L, Russell DA. Photosensitiser-gold nanoparticle conjugates for photodynamic therapy of cancer. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 17:1534-1552. [PMID: 30118115 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00271a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been extensively studied within biomedicine due to their biocompatibility and low toxicity. In particular, AuNPs have been widely used to deliver photosensitiser agents for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer. Here we review the state-of-the-art for the functionalisation of the gold nanoparticle surface with both photosensitisers and targeting ligands for the active targeting of cancer cell surface receptors. From the initial use of the AuNPs as a simple carrier of the photosensitiser for PDT, the field has significantly advanced to include: the use of PEGylated modification to provide aqueous compatibility and stealth properties for in vivo use; gold metal-surface enhanced singlet oxygen generation; functionalisation of the AuNP surface with biological ligands to specifically target over-expressed receptors on the surface of cancer cells and; the creation of nanorods and nanostars to enable combined PDT and photothermal therapies. These versatile AuNPs have significantly enhanced the efficacy of traditional photosensitisers for both in vitro and in vivo cancer therapy. From this review it is apparent that AuNPs have an important future in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula García Calavia
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - Gordon Bruce
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Lluïsa Pérez-García
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - David A Russell
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
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Shao C, Shang K, Xu H, Zhang Y, Pei Z, Pei Y. Facile fabrication of hypericin-entrapped glyconanoparticles for targeted photodynamic therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:4319-4331. [PMID: 30087563 PMCID: PMC6061409 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s161262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy is a safe, noninvasive modality for cancer therapy, in which the photosensitizer (PS) is a crucial component. Hypericin (Hy) is a promising PS; however, its clinical application is significantly limited by its poor hydrophilicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS To overcome the clinical application limitation of Hy, a novel strategy is developed here by entrapping Hy into polydopamine (PDA) film formed on the surface of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) through the self-polymerization of dopamine under alkaline condition. The amount of Hy in the Hy-entrapped PDA-MNP composite nanoparticles (denoted as PHMs) was measured by spectrophotometry. Furthermore, lactose, as the targeting ligand to asialoglycoprotein receptors, was conjugated to the surface of the PHMs by taking advantage of the spontaneous reaction of PDA with amino groups. RESULTS Spectrophotometry analysis revealed that the amount of Hy in the PHMs was 72 μmol g-1 PHMs. The fabricated Hy-entrapped glyconanoparticle (Lac-PHM) exhibited excellent water dispersibility, stability, and selectivity for asialoglycoprotein receptors overexpressing HepG2 cells. Atomic absorption spectroscopy analysis showed that the amount of the Lac-PHMs taken in HepG2 cells was 2.1-fold higher than that of the triethylene glycol-modified PHMs. The results of intracellular reactive oxygen species generation detection, cytotoxicity study, and apoptosis detection indicated that the Lac-PHMs had a satisfying photodynamic effect to HepG2 cells. CONCLUSION The strategy developed in this work offers great potential for delivery of a variety of hydrophobic PSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China, ;
| | - Kun Shang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China, ;
| | - Huaibao Xu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China, ;
| | - Yu Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China, ;
| | - Zhichao Pei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China, ;
| | - Yuxin Pei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China, ;
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Jesus VPS, Raniero L, Lemes GM, Bhattacharjee TT, Caetano Júnior PC, Castilho ML. Nanoparticles of methylene blue enhance photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 23:212-217. [PMID: 29928992 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of death related to cancer among women worldwide. Screening and advancements in treatment have improved survival rate of women suffering from this ailment. Novel therapeutic techniques may further reduce cancer related mortality. One of several emerging therapeutic options is Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) that uses light activated photosensitizer (PS) inducing cell death by apoptosis and/or necrosis. Nanotechnology has made contribution to improve photosensitizer for PDT, increasing the efficiency of therapy using gold and silver nanoparticles. Efforts have been done to develop better mechanism to improve PS and consequently PDT effects. In this study, we investigate the efficacy of the PDT using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) when mixed to methylene blue (MB) in the treatment of the human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MDA-MB-468). The MDA-MB-468 was treated in the presence of different MB concentrations with/without AuNPs or AgNPs. The colloidal solution of AgNPs showed a plasmon resonance band at 411 nm in UV-visible range and a bimodal size distribution. The results of viability analysis showed that cells treated with nanoparticles exhibited higher cytotoxicity than cells treated with only MB, improving the efficiency of the treatment in the tumor cells. The cytotoxicity effect of MB associated with AgNPs on MDA-MB-468 cell line could be related to increased reactive oxygen species production due to the release of Ag+ ions from nanoparticles surface, suggesting that the association between FS and AgNPs has potential as a PDT agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P S Jesus
- Laboratório de Bionanotecnologia, Instituto de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12244000, Brazil; Laboratório de Nanossensores, Instituto de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12244000, Brazil
| | - L Raniero
- Laboratório de Nanossensores, Instituto de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12244000, Brazil
| | - G M Lemes
- Laboratório de Bionanotecnologia, Instituto de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12244000, Brazil; Laboratório de Nanossensores, Instituto de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12244000, Brazil
| | - T T Bhattacharjee
- Laboratório de Nanossensores, Instituto de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12244000, Brazil
| | - P C Caetano Júnior
- Laboratório de Nanossensores, Instituto de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12244000, Brazil
| | - M L Castilho
- Laboratório de Bionanotecnologia, Instituto de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12244000, Brazil.
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Facile one-pot synthesis of multifunctional polyphosphazene nanoparticles as multifunctional platform for tumor imaging. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:3723-3730. [PMID: 29725730 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1035-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
By integrating imaging and drug-delivery in a single system, fluorescent nano-multifunctional imaging platforms can offer simultaneous diagnosis and therapy to diseases like cancer. However, the synthesis of such system involves a tedious, time-consuming, and multi-step process. Herein we report a facile method based on simple ultrasonication to synthesize highly cross-linked, monodispersed fluorescent polyphosphazene nanoparticles from hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP) and dichlorofluorescein (FD). Various functional groups (folic acid, PEG-NH2, and methylene blue) can be "fastened" in situ onto the poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-dichlorofluorescein) (PCTPDF) nanoparticles to expand its application as nano-multifunctional platform. All the nanoparticles were characterized spectrophotometrically, and morphology was established by the images obtained from scanning electron microscope (SEM). The synthesized multifunctional nanoparticles exhibited low toxicity and penetrated through the cytomembranes of human colon cancer (HCT 116) cells. When applied to in vivo tumor imaging using biologically engineered mouse model, methylene blue functionalized (PCTPDF@MB) nanoparticles exhibited excellent photodynamic activity and imaging ability. Thus, PCTPDF nanoplatform based on multi-functional fluorescent nanoparticles might offer an efficient solution to new age theranostics. Apart from diagnostics application, PCTPDF, as a nanoplatform, could also be utilized to achieve more comprehensive application in modern analytic chemistry. Graphical Abstract The table of contents.
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Tai YW, Chiu YC, Wu PT, Yu J, Chin YC, Wu SP, Chuang YC, Hsieh HC, Lai PS, Yu HP, Liao MY. Degradable NIR-PTT Nanoagents with a Potential Cu@Cu 2O@Polymer Structure. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:5161-5174. [PMID: 29359551 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b15109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cu@Cu2O@PSMA polymer nanoparticles (Cu@Cu2O@polymer NPs) with near-infrared (NIR) absorption were successfully synthesized in a single-step oxidation reaction of Cu@PSMA polymer NPs at 100 °C for 20 min. The shape, structure, and optical properties of the Cu@Cu2O@polymer NPs were tailorable by controlling the reaction parameters, for example, using the initial Cu@PSMA polymer NP as a template and varying the halide ion content, heating temperature, and reaction time. The Cu@Cu2O@polymer NPs exhibited robust NIR absorption between 650 and 710 nm and possessed superior oxidation resistance in water and culture media. In vitro assays demonstrated the low cytotoxicity of the Cu@Cu2O@PSMA polymer NPs to HeLa cells through an improved cell viability, high IC50, low injury incidence from the supernatant of the partly dissociated Cu@Cu2O@PSMA polymer NPs, and minor generation of reactive oxygen species. More importantly, we demonstrated that the inorganic Cu-based nanocomposite [+0.34 V vs normal hydrogen electrode (NHE)] was degradable in an endogenous H2O2 (+1.78 V vs NHE) environment. Cu ions were detected in the urine of mice, which illustrates the possibility of extraction after the degradation of the Cu-based particles. 'After an treatment of the HeLa cells with the Cu@Cu2O@polymer NPs and a 660 nm light-emitting diode, the photoablation of 50 and 90% cells was observed at NP doses of 20 and 50 ppm, respectively. These results demonstrate that NIR-functional and moderate redox-active Cu@Cu2O@polymer NPs are potential next-generation photothermal therapy (PTT) nanoagents because of combined features of degradation resistance in the physiological environment, enabling the delivery of efficient PTT, a possibly improved ability to selectively harm cancer cells by releasing Cu ions under high-H2O2 and/or low-pH conditions, and ability to be extracted from the body after biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Tai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University , Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chiu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Zhongxiao Branch, Taipei City Hospital , Taipei 11556, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ting Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University , Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Jiashing Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University , Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Chin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University , Pingtung 90003, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Pao Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Chen Hsieh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Shan Lai
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Ping Yu
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yi Liao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University , Pingtung 90003, Taiwan
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Gutiérrez-Valenzuela CA, Esquivel R, Guerrero-Germán P, Zavala-Rivera P, Rodríguez-Figueroa JC, Guzmán-Z R, Lucero-Acuña A. Evaluation of a combined emulsion process to encapsulate methylene blue into PLGA nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra12296a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The delivery of photosensitizer compounds using biodegradable nanoparticles could improve dosage, controlled release and its bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reynaldo Esquivel
- National Council of Science and Technology of Mexico
- Ciudad de Mexico
- Mexico
| | | | - Paul Zavala-Rivera
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering
- University of Sonora
- Hermosillo
- Mexico
| | | | - Roberto Guzmán-Z
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- University of Arizona
- Tucson
- USA
| | - Armando Lucero-Acuña
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering
- University of Sonora
- Hermosillo
- Mexico
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48
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Yamamoto M, Shitomi K, Miyata S, Miyaji H, Aota H, Kawasaki H. Bovine serum albumin-capped gold nanoclusters conjugating with methylene blue for efficient 1O2 generation via energy transfer. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 510:221-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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49
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Jia J, Zhang Y, Zheng M, Shan C, Yan H, Wu W, Gao X, Cheng B, Liu W, Tang Y. Functionalized Eu(III)-Based Nanoscale Metal-Organic Framework To Achieve Near-IR-Triggered and -Targeted Two-Photon Absorption Photodynamic Therapy. Inorg Chem 2017; 57:300-310. [PMID: 29220150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The postsynthetic-modified nanoscale metal-organic framework (NMOF) probes selected as potential drug delivery platforms and photodynamic therapy agents to fulfill the effective and safe treatment of neoplastic diseases have attracted increasing attention recently. Herein, a Eu(III)-based NMOF probe elaborately postsynthetically modified with a β-diketonate two-photon-absorbing (TPA) ligand is rationally designed and further functionalized by assembling the photosensitizer molecule (methylene blue, MB) in the pores and a cyclic peptide targeting motif on the surface of the NMOF, which could achieve highly efficient near-infrared (NIR)-triggered and -targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT). On the basis of the luminescence resonance energy transfer process between the NMOF donor and the photosensitizer MB acceptor, the probe can achieve a high tissue-penetrable TPA-PDT effect. Thus, the NMOFs in this study play the role of not only the nanocontainer for the photosensitizer but also the energy-transfer donor. Studies in vitro show enhanced cellular uptake and satisfactory PDT effectiveness toward cancer cells compared to the free photosensitizer MB. It is highly expected that this study contributes to the development of smart luminescent diagnostic and therapeutic probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and ‡Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and ‡Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Min Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and ‡Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Changfu Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and ‡Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Huicheng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and ‡Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Wenyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and ‡Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and ‡Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Bo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and ‡Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Weisheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and ‡Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and ‡Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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Chitosan-based mucoadhesive gel for oral mucosal toluidine blue O delivery: The influence of a non-ionic surfactant. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 20:48-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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