1
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Teitsworth TS, Fang H, Harvey AK, Orr AD, Donley CL, Fakhraai Z, Atkin JM, Lockett MR. Diazonium-Functionalized Silicon Hybrid Photoelectrodes: Film Thickness and Composition Effects on Photoelectrochemical Behavior. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39151025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
Aryl diazonium electrografting is a powerful method for imparting molecular functionality onto various substrates by forming a stable carbon-surface covalent bond. While the high reactivity of the aryl radical intermediate makes this method fast and reliable, it can also lead to the formation of an insulating and disordered multilayer film. These thick films affect electrochemical performance, especially for semiconductor substrates used in photoelectrochemical applications. We studied the effects of film thickness and composition by electrografting in situ-generated aminobenzene diazonium salts onto both n-type and p-type silicon electrodes at fixed potentials. Next, we attached ferrocene to the amine-terminated films and probed their (photo)electrochemical behavior. Cyclic voltammetry measurements showed decreased electrochemical reversibility with increasing diazonium film thickness; this reversibility was restored when ferrocene was incorporated throughout the film with a layer-by-layer deposition process. Finally, we compared the behavior of dark p-type electrodes to n-type photoelectrodes and observed differences in the electrochemical reversibility that we attribute to the change in potential drop across the two interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor S Teitsworth
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Alexis K Harvey
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Andre D Orr
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Carrie L Donley
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Zahra Fakhraai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Joanna M Atkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Matthew R Lockett
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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2
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Kaur R, Ghoshal A, Galav P, Mondal PC. Electrochemical Charge Transfer Kinetics of Ferrocene in the Light of Different Working Electrodes. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400744. [PMID: 39136414 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Ferrocene is an accidentally discovered organometallic compound that serves as a crucial redox probe in investigating electrochemical charge transfer dynamics. Besides solution phase studies, ferrocene derivatives are well-explored in molecular thin films, including self-assembled monolayers on various electrodes for understanding on-surface redox behavior, molecular electronics, and charge storage applications. Heterogeneous charge transfer is an imperative parameter for efficient charge transport in spin-dependent electrochemistry, photoelectrochemistry, and molecular electronic devices. In this work, we aim to study the electrochemical charge transfer of ferrocene on various electrodes such as commercially obtained glassy carbon, graphite rod, indium tin oxide (ITO), and as-prepared gold, and nickel to determine the impact of the nature of the working electrode on the electron transfer rate, diffusion coefficient, and reversibility of the redox process. Both the direct current and alternating current-based electrochemical experiments are performed, followed by digitization of the experimental results. The kinetics of electron transfer and electrochemical reversibility reveal a strong dependence on the nature of the working electrode, as the electrochemically driven oxidation and reduction of the material of interest are directly related to the Fermi energy and electronic structure of the working electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajwinder Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208 016, India
| | - Abhik Ghoshal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208 016, India
| | - Prachi Galav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208 016, India
- Department of Chemistry, Janki Devi Bajaj Government Girls College, Kota, Rajasthan, 324 001, India
| | - Prakash Chandra Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208 016, India
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3
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Huffman BL, Bredar ARC, Dempsey JL. Origins of non-ideal behaviour in voltammetric analysis of redox-active monolayers. Nat Rev Chem 2024:10.1038/s41570-024-00629-8. [PMID: 39039210 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00629-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Disorder in redox-active monolayers convolutes electrochemical characterization. This disorder can come from pinhole defects, loose packing, heterogeneous distribution of redox-active headgroups, and lateral interactions between immobilized redox-active molecules. Identifying the source of non-ideal behaviour in cyclic voltammograms can be challenging as different types of disorder often cause similar non-ideal cyclic voltammetry behaviour such as peak broadening, large peak-to-peak separation, peak asymmetry and multiple peaks for single redox processes. This Review provides an overview of ideal voltammetric behaviour for redox-active monolayers, common manifestations of disorder on voltammetric responses, common experimental parameters that can be varied to interrogate sources of disorder, and finally, examples of different types of disorder and how they impact electrochemical responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L Huffman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alexandria R C Bredar
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jillian L Dempsey
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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4
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Jia X, Stewart-Jones E, Alvarez-Hernandez JL, Bein GP, Dempsey JL, Donley CL, Hazari N, Houck MN, Li M, Mayer JM, Nedzbala HS, Powers RE. Photoelectrochemical CO 2 Reduction to CO Enabled by a Molecular Catalyst Attached to High-Surface-Area Porous Silicon. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7998-8004. [PMID: 38507795 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
A high-surface-area p-type porous Si photocathode containing a covalently immobilized molecular Re catalyst is highly selective for the photoelectrochemical conversion of CO2 to CO. It gives Faradaic efficiencies of up to 90% for CO at potentials of -1.7 V (versus ferrocenium/ferrocene) under 1 sun illumination in an acetonitrile solution containing phenol. The photovoltage is approximately 300 mV based on comparisons with similar n-type porous Si cathodes in the dark. Using an estimate of the equilibrium potential for CO2 reduction to CO under optimized reaction conditions, photoelectrolysis was performed at a small overpotential, and the onset of electrocatalysis in cyclic voltammograms occurred at a modest underpotential. The porous Si photoelectrode is more stable and selective for CO production than the photoelectrode generated by attaching the same Re catalyst to a planar Si wafer. Further, facile characterization of the porous Si-based photoelectrodes using transmission mode FTIR spectroscopy leads to highly reproducible catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Jia
- The Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Eleanor Stewart-Jones
- The Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Jose L Alvarez-Hernandez
- The Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Gabriella P Bein
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Jillian L Dempsey
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Carrie L Donley
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Nilay Hazari
- The Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Madison N Houck
- The Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Min Li
- West Campus Materials Characterization Core, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - James M Mayer
- The Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Hannah S Nedzbala
- The Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Rebecca E Powers
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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5
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Chabaud B, Bonnet H, Lartia R, Van Der Heyden A, Auzély-Velty R, Boturyn D, Coche-Guérente L, Dubacheva GV. Influence of Surface Chemistry on Host/Guest Interactions: A Model Study on Redox-Sensitive β-Cyclodextrin/Ferrocene Complexes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:4646-4660. [PMID: 38387876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
While host/guest interactions are widely used to control molecular assembly on surfaces, quantitative information on the effect of surface chemistry on their efficiency is lacking. To address this question, we combined electrochemical characterization with quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring to study host/guest interactions between surface-attached ferrocene (Fc) guests and soluble β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) hosts. We identified several parameters that influence the redox response, β-CD complexation ability, and repellent properties of Fc monolayers, including the method of Fc grafting, the linker connecting Fc with the surface, and the diluting molecule used to tune Fc surface density. The study on monovalent β-CD/Fc complexation was completed by the characterization of multivalent interactions between Fc monolayers and β-CD-functionalized polymers, with new insights being obtained on the interplay between the surface chemistry, binding efficiency, and reversibility under electrochemical stimulus. These results should facilitate the design of well-defined functional interfaces and their implementation in stimuli-responsive materials and sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Chabaud
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5250, 570 rue de la chimie, CS 40700, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Hugues Bonnet
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5250, 570 rue de la chimie, CS 40700, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Rémy Lartia
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5250, 570 rue de la chimie, CS 40700, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Angéline Van Der Heyden
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5250, 570 rue de la chimie, CS 40700, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Didier Boturyn
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5250, 570 rue de la chimie, CS 40700, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Liliane Coche-Guérente
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5250, 570 rue de la chimie, CS 40700, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Galina V Dubacheva
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5250, 570 rue de la chimie, CS 40700, 38000 Grenoble, France
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6
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Guo L, Zhao W, Gao Y, Wu M, Chen S. Regio- and Stereoselective Iodoamination of Ferrocene-Containing Allenylphosphonates: Synthesis of Multifunctional Tetrasubstituted Allylic Amines and Allylic Azides. J Org Chem 2024; 89:1956-1966. [PMID: 38268404 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
A general and practical methodology for the regio- and stereoselective synthesis of multifunctional tetrasubstituted allylic amines and azides based on iodoamination of ferrocene-containing allenylphosphonates with anilines and sodium azide is described. A tetrasubstituted olefin moiety, as well as an iodine atom, a phosphonate, and a ferrocene group, are installed to the allylic amine motif simultaneously in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Ordos Institute of Technology, Ordos 017000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanrong Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanpeng Gao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Ordos Institute of Technology, Ordos 017000, People's Republic of China
| | - Meimei Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Ordos Institute of Technology, Ordos 017000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shufeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, People's Republic of China
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7
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Zhang ZE, An YY, Wang F, Li HL, Jiang WL, Han YF. Construction and Hierarchical Self-Assembly of a Supramolecular Metal-Carbene Complex with Multifunctional Units. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202303043. [PMID: 37749755 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical combinations involving metal-ligand interactions and host-guest interactions can consolidate building blocks with unique functions into material properties. This study reports the construction and hierarchical self-assembly of multifunctional trinuclear AuI tricarbene complex containing three crown ether units and three ferrocene units. Host-guest interactions between the multifunctional trinuclear AuI tricarbene complex and organic ammonium salts were investigated, revealing that crown ether-based host-guest interactions can effectively regulate the electrochemical properties of the complex. Utilizing bisammonium salt as the cross-linker and multifunctional trinuclear AuI tricarbene complex as the core, a stimuli-responsive and self-healing supramolecular gel with different functional units was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-En Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan An
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P.R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Ling Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Ling Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P.R. China
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8
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Sariga, Varghese A. The Renaissance of Ferrocene-Based Electrocatalysts: Properties, Synthesis Strategies, and Applications. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:32. [PMID: 37910233 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-023-00441-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The fascinating electrochemical properties of the redox-active compound ferrocene have inspired researchers across the globe to develop ferrocene-based electrocatalysts for a wide variety of applications. Advantages including excellent chemical and thermal stability, solubility in organic solvents, a pair of stable redox states, rapid electron transfer, and nontoxic nature improve its utility in various electrochemical applications. The use of ferrocene-based electrocatalysts enables control over the intrinsic properties and electroactive sites at the surface of the electrode to achieve specific electrochemical activities. Ferrocene and its derivatives can function as a potential redox medium that promotes electron transfer rates, thereby enhancing the reaction kinetics and electrochemical responses of the device. The outstanding electrocatalytic activity of ferrocene-based compounds at lower operating potentials enhances the specificity and sensitivity of reactions and also amplifies the response signals. Owing to their versatile redox chemistry and catalytic activities, ferrocene-based electrocatalysts are widely employed in various energy-related systems, molecular machines, and agricultural, biological, medicinal, and sensing applications. This review highlights the importance of ferrocene-based electrocatalysts, with emphasis on their properties, synthesis strategies for obtaining different ferrocene-based compounds, and their electrochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sariga
- CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Anitha Varghese
- CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India.
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9
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Li X, Li J, Li X, Dang R, Li Z, Li Y, Wang B. A straightforward synthesis and physicochemical properties of chiral phosphorus-doped coronenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11831-11834. [PMID: 37711078 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03768a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Novel N,P-fused coronene derivatives have been successfully designed and achieved in one step using a three-fold Bischler-Napieralski cyclization as the key step. The unique structure, and tunable photophysical and electronic properties make them promising candidates for emissive and electron-transport materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexiang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Jia Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Xingchen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Rui Dang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Zhihao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Ying Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China.
| | - Biyao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China.
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10
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Structural Fine‐Tuning and In‐situ Generation of P, O Vacancies in Hollow Co‐Ferrocene‐MOFs Derived Phosphides for Efficient Water Oxidation. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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11
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A Gauss's law analysis of redox active adsorbates on semiconductor electrodes: The charging and faradaic currents are not independent. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2202395119. [PMID: 36037382 PMCID: PMC9456767 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2202395119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A detailed framework for modeling and interpreting the data in totality from a cyclic voltammetric measurement of adsorbed redox monolayers on semiconductor electrodes has been developed. A three-layer model consisting of the semiconductor space-charge layer, a surface layer, and an electrolyte layer is presented that articulates the interplay between electrostatic, thermodynamic, and kinetic factors in the electrochemistry of a redox adsorbate on a semiconductor. Expressions are derived that describe the charging and faradaic current densities individually, and an algorithm is demonstrated that allows for the calculation of the total current density in a cyclic voltammetry measurement as a function of changes in the physical properties of the system (e.g., surface recombination, dielectric property of the surface layer, and electrolyte concentration). The most profound point from this analysis is that the faradaic and charging current densities can be coupled. That is, the common assumption that these contributions to the total current are always independent is not accurate. Their interrelation can influence the interpretation of the charge-transfer kinetics under certain experimental conditions. More generally, this work not only fills a long-standing knowledge gap in electrochemistry but also aids practitioners advancing energy conversion/storage strategies based on redox adsorbates on semiconductor electrodes.
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12
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Mukhopadhyay A, Liu K, Paulino V, Olivier JH. Modulating the Conduction Band Energies of Si Electrode Interfaces Functionalized with Monolayers of a Bay-Substituted Perylene Bisimide. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:4266-4275. [PMID: 35353503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The confinement of π-conjugated chromophores on silicon (Si) electrode surfaces is a powerful approach to engineer electroresponsive monolayers relevant to microelectronics, electrocatalysis, and information storage and processing. While common strategies to functionalize Si interfaces exploit molecularly dissolved building blocks, only a handful number of studies have leveraged the structure-function relationships of π-aggregates to tune the electronic structures of hybrid monolayers at Si interfaces. Herein, we show that the semiconducting properties of n-type monolayers constructed on Si electrodes are intimately correlated to the initial aggregation state of π-conjugated chromophore precursors derived from bay-substituted perylene bisimide (PBI) units. Specifically, our study unravels that for n-type monolayers engineered using PBI π-aggregates, the cathodic reduction potentials required to inject negative charge carriers into the conduction bands can be stabilized by 295 mV through reversible switching of the maximum anodic potential (MAP) that is applied during the oxidative cycles (+0.5 or +1.5 V vs Ag/AgCl). This redox-assisted stabilization effect is not observed with n-type monolayers derived from molecularly dissolved PBI cores and monolayers featuring a low surface density of the redox-active probes. These findings unequivocally point to the crucial role played by PBI π-aggregates in modulating the conduction band energies of n-type monolayers where a high MAP of +1.5 V enables the formation of electronic trap states that facilitate electron injection when sweeping back to cathodic potentials. Because the structure-function relationships of PBI π-aggregates are shown to modulate the semiconducting properties of hybrid n-type monolayers constructed at Si interfaces, our results hold promising opportunities to develop redox-switchable monolayers for engineering nonvolatile electronic memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Cox Science Center, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Kaixuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Cox Science Center, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Victor Paulino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Cox Science Center, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Jean-Hubert Olivier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Cox Science Center, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
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13
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Halder N, Jana M, Kottekad S, Usharani D, Rath H. Metalloceneincorporated Hybrid Singly N-Methyl N-Confused Calixphyrins: Synthesis, Characterization, Protonation and Deprotonation Studies. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200108. [PMID: 35312224 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Rational design and isolation of two hitherto unknown highly stable single conformer of ferrocene incorporated meso-aryl substituted singly N-methyl N-confused-calixphyrins have been achieved in quantitative yields. The solid-state crystal structure reveals the obvious trans-geometry for the meso-protons with the possibility for both the macrocycles to exist either racemic or enantiomer forms. However, thorough solution-state spectroscopic characterization strongly concludes the experimental isolation of a single isomer for both the macrocycles. The drastic modification of UV-vis spectral patterns upon imine pyrrole N protonation and amine pyrrole NH deprotonation of both the calixphyrins could pave way for these macrocycles to act as opto-electronic materials. The conformational preorganization and protonation and deprotonation induced conformational reorganization have been extensively studied by solution state spectroscopic techniques, solid state X-ray crystal structure and in depth DFT level theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyancy Halder
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Manik Jana
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Sanjay Kottekad
- Department of Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory Institution, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, 700020, Karnataka, India
| | - Dandamudi Usharani
- Department of Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory Institution, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, 700020, Karnataka, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Harapriya Rath
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
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14
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Li T, Peiris C, Dief EM, MacGregor M, Ciampi S, Darwish N. Effect of Electric Fields on Silicon-Based Monolayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:2986-2992. [PMID: 35220713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Electric fields can induce bond breaking and bond forming, catalyze chemical reactions on surfaces, and change the structure of self-assembled monolayers on electrode surfaces. Here, we study the effect of electric fields supplied either by an electrochemical potential or by conducting atomic force microscopy (C-AFM) on Si-based monolayers. We report that typical monolayers on silicon undergo partial desorption followed by the oxidation of the underneath silicon at +1.5 V vs Ag/AgCl. The monolayer loses 28% of its surface coverage and 55% of its electron transfer rate constant (ket) when +1.5 V electrochemical potential is applied on the Si surface for 10 min. Similarly, a bias voltage of +5 V applied by C-AFM induces complete desorption of the monolayer at specific sites accompanied by an average oxide growth of 2.6 nm when the duration of the bias applied is 8 min. Current-voltage plots progressively change from rectifying, typical of metal-semiconductor junctions, to insulating as the oxide grows. These results define the stability of Si-based organic monolayers toward electric fields and have implication in the design of silicon-based monolayers, molecular electronics devices, and on the interpretation of charge-transfer kinetics across them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiexin Li
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Chandramalika Peiris
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Essam M Dief
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Melanie MacGregor
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Simone Ciampi
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nadim Darwish
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Western Australia, Australia
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15
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Asim W, Waheeb AS, Awad MA, Kadhum AM, Ali A, Mallah SH, Iqbal MA, Kadhim MM. Recent advances in the synthesis of zirconium complexes and their catalytic applications. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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16
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Zhang S, Lyu X, Hurtado Torres C, Darwish N, Ciampi S. Non-Ideal Cyclic Voltammetry of Redox Monolayers on Silicon Electrodes: Peak Splitting is Caused by Heterogeneous Photocurrents and Not by Molecular Disorder. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:743-750. [PMID: 34989574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Over the last three decades, research on redox-active monolayers has consolidated their importance as advanced functional material. For widespread monolayer systems, such as alkanethiols on gold, non-ideal multiple peaks in cyclic voltammetry are generally taken as indication of heterogeneous intermolecular interactions─namely, disorder in the monolayer. Our findings show that, contrary to metals, peak multiplicity of silicon photoelectrodes is not diagnostic of heterogeneous intermolecular microenvironments but is more likely caused by photocurrent being heterogeneous across the monolayer. This work is an important step toward understanding the cause of electrochemical non-idealities in semiconductor electrodes so that these can be prevented and the redox behavior of molecular monolayers, as photocatalytic systems, can be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Xin Lyu
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Carlos Hurtado Torres
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Nadim Darwish
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Simone Ciampi
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
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17
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Kaur S, Shalini, Ahmad Shiekh B, Kumar V, Kaur I. Triazole-tethered naphthalimide-ferrocenyl-chalcone based voltammetric and potentiometric sensors for selective electrochemical quantification of Copper(II) ions. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Fabre B, Camerel F, Ababou-Girard S. Photoactive silicon surfaces functionalized with high-quality and redox-active platinum diimine complex monolayers. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05805c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Platinum diimine complexes can covalently be grafted onto oxide-free, hydrogen-terminated silicon(111) surfaces into clean and high-quality monolayers. The so modified surfaces offer great prospects as photocathodes for solar-driven electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Fabre
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Franck Camerel
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Soraya Ababou-Girard
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes)-UMR 6251, F-35000 Rennes, France
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19
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Zhao Y, Gobbi M, Hueso LE, Samorì P. Molecular Approach to Engineer Two-Dimensional Devices for CMOS and beyond-CMOS Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 122:50-131. [PMID: 34816723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials (2DMs) have attracted tremendous research interest over the last two decades. Their unique optical, electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties make 2DMs key building blocks for the fabrication of novel complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) and beyond-CMOS devices. Major advances in device functionality and performance have been made by the covalent or noncovalent functionalization of 2DMs with molecules: while the molecular coating of metal electrodes and dielectrics allows for more efficient charge injection and transport through the 2DMs, the combination of dynamic molecular systems, capable to respond to external stimuli, with 2DMs makes it possible to generate hybrid systems possessing new properties by realizing stimuli-responsive functional devices and thereby enabling functional diversification in More-than-Moore technologies. In this review, we first introduce emerging 2DMs, various classes of (macro)molecules, and molecular switches and discuss their relevant properties. We then turn to 2DM/molecule hybrid systems and the various physical and chemical strategies used to synthesize them. Next, we discuss the use of molecules and assemblies thereof to boost the performance of 2D transistors for CMOS applications and to impart diverse functionalities in beyond-CMOS devices. Finally, we present the challenges, opportunities, and long-term perspectives in this technologically promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuda Zhao
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.,School of Micro-Nano Electronics, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, 310027 Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Marco Gobbi
- Centro de Fisica de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,CIC nanoGUNE, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Luis E Hueso
- CIC nanoGUNE, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Paolo Samorì
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
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20
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Sharma P, Kumar S, Bhushan M, Shahi VK. Ion selective redox active anion exchange membrane: Improved performance of vanadium redox flow battery. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Filik H, Avan AA. Electrochemical and Electrochemiluminescence Dendrimer-based Nanostructured Immunosensors for Tumor Marker Detection: A Review. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:3490-3513. [PMID: 33076797 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666201019143647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The usage of dendrimers or cascade molecules in the biomedical area has recently attracted much attention worldwide. Furthermore, dendrimers are interesting in clinical and pre-clinical applications due to their unique characteristics. Cancer is one of the most widespread challenges and important diseases, which has the highest mortality rate. In this review, the recent advances and developments (from 2009 up to 2019) in the field of electrochemical and electroluminescence immunosensors for detection of the cancer markers are presented. Moreover, this review covers the basic fabrication principles and types of electrochemical and electrochemiluminescence dendrimer-based immunosensors. In this review, we have categorized the current dendrimer based-electrochemical/ electroluminescence immunosensors into five groups: dendrimer/ magnetic particles, dendrimer/ferrocene, dendrimer/metal nanoparticles, thiol-containing dendrimer, and dendrimer/quantum dots based-immunosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayati Filik
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asiye Aslıhan Avan
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
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22
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Wang L, Schubert US, Hoeppener S. Surface chemical reactions on self-assembled silane based monolayers. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:6507-6540. [PMID: 34100051 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01220c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we aim to update our review "Chemical modification of self-assembled silane-based monolayers by surface reactions" which was published in 2010 and has developed into an important guiding tool for researchers working on the modification of solid substrate surface properties by chemical modification of silane-based self-assembled monolayers. Due to the rapid development of this field of research in the last decade, the utilization of chemical functionalities in self-assembled monolayers has been significantly improved and some new processes were introduced in chemical surface reactions for tailoring the properties of solid substrates. Thus, it is time to update the developments in the surface functionalization of silane-based molecules. Hence, after a short introduction on self-assembled monolayers, this review focuses on a series of chemical reactions, i.e., nucleophilic substitution, click chemistry, supramolecular modification, photochemical reaction, and other reactions, which have been applied for the modification of hydroxyl-terminated substrates, like silicon and glass, which have been reported during the last 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Wang
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
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23
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Schmiel S, Butenschön H. New π‐Extended 1,1′‐Disubstituted Ferrocenes with Thioate and Dithioate End Groups. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sinem‐Fatma Schmiel
- Institut für Organische Chemie Leibniz Universität Hannover Schneiderberg 1B 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Holger Butenschön
- Institut für Organische Chemie Leibniz Universität Hannover Schneiderberg 1B 30167 Hannover Germany
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24
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Liang J, Gao X, Guo B, Ding Y, Yan J, Guo Z, Tse ECM, Liu J. Ferrocene‐Based Metal–Organic Framework Nanosheets as a Robust Oxygen Evolution Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian P. R. China
| | - Xutao Gao
- Department of Chemistry CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
| | - Biao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian P. R. China
| | - Yu Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Xiamen University 361005 Xiamen P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Xiamen University 361005 Xiamen P. R. China
| | - Zhengxiao Guo
- Department of Chemistry CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
- HKU Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation 311305 Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Edmund C. M. Tse
- Department of Chemistry CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
- HKU Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation 311305 Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Jinxuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian P. R. China
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25
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Liang J, Gao X, Guo B, Ding Y, Yan J, Guo Z, Tse ECM, Liu J. Ferrocene-Based Metal-Organic Framework Nanosheets as a Robust Oxygen Evolution Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12770-12774. [PMID: 33768623 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) on nickel foam (NF) by assembling nickel chloride hexahydrate and 1,1'-ferrocenedicarboxylic acid (NiFc-MOF/NF). The NiFc-MOF/NF exhibits superior oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance with an overpotential of 195 mV and 241 mV at 10 and 100 mA cm-2 , respectively under alkaline conditions. Electrochemical results demonstrate that the superb OER performance originates from the ferrocene units that serve as efficient electron transfer intermediates. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the ferrocene units within the MOF crystalline structure enhance the overall electron transfer capacity, thereby leading to a theoretical overpotential of 0.52 eV, which is lower than that (0.81 eV) of the state-of-the-art NiFe double hydroxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Xutao Gao
- Department of Chemistry, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Biao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Yu Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, P. R. China
| | - Zhengxiao Guo
- Department of Chemistry, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.,HKU Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation, 311305, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Edmund C M Tse
- Department of Chemistry, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory on New Materials, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.,HKU Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation, 311305, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jinxuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 116024, Dalian, P. R. China
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26
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Benjamin M, Manoj D, Karnan M, Saravanakumar D, Thenmozhi K, Ariga K, Sathish M, Senthilkumar S. Switching the solubility of electroactive ionic liquids for designing high energy supercapacitor and low potential biosensor. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 588:221-231. [PMID: 33418440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids are regarded as one of the most prodigious materials for sustainable technological developments with superior performance and versatility. Hence, in this study, we have reported the design and synthesis of electroactive disubstituted ferrocenyl ionic liquids (Fc-ILs) with two different counter anions and demonstrated the significance of their anion tuneable physicochemical characteristics towards multifunctional electrochemical applications. The Fc-IL synthesized with chloride counter anion (Fc-Cl-IL) displays water-solubility and can be used as a redox additive in the fabrication of supercapacitor. Supercapacitor device with Fc-Cl-IL based redox electrolyte exhibits outstanding energy and power densities of 91 Wh kg-1 and 20.3 kW kg-1, respectively. Meanwhile, ferrocenyl IL synthesized with perchlorate anion (Fc-ClO4-IL) exhibits water-insolubility and can serve as a redox mediator towards construction of a glucose biosensor. The biosensor comprising Fc-ClO4-IL is able to detect glucose at an exceptionally lower potential of 0.2 V, with remarkable sensitivity and selectivity. This study implies that the introduction of electroactive ILs could afford supercapacitor devices with high energy and power densities and biosensors with less detection potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Benjamin
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Devaraj Manoj
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Manickavasakam Karnan
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630003, India
| | - Duraisamy Saravanakumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Kathavarayan Thenmozhi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- WPI-MANA, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan; Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan.
| | - Marappan Sathish
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630003, India; WPI-MANA, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan.
| | - Sellappan Senthilkumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India.
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27
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Bennett TLR, Wilkinson LA, Lok JMA, O’Toole RCP, Long NJ. Synthesis, Electrochemistry, and Optical Properties of Highly Conjugated Alkynyl-Ferrocenes and -Biferrocenes. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Troy L. R. Bennett
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, MSRH, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Luke A. Wilkinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Jasmine M. A. Lok
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | | | - Nicholas J. Long
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, MSRH, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, U.K
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28
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Recent advances in the development of ferrocene based electroactive small molecules for cation recognition: A comprehensive review of the years 2010–2020. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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29
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Ospina-Castro ML, Ávila EE, Briceño A, Reiber A, Pacheco-Londoño LC, Galan-Freyle NJ. Self-assembly and supramolecular isomerism in 1D metal–organometallic networks based on transition-metal assemblies from 1,1′-ferrocene-dicarboxylic acid and ancillary nitrogen heterocycle ligands. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce01204e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Eight novel 1D-MOMN's with different topologies were obtained from the self-assembly of M(ii) (M: Cu, Co, Cd, Zn), ancillary nitrogen ligands and bridging 1,1′-ferrocenedicarboxylate anions and characterized by X-ray diffraction techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- María L. Ospina-Castro
- Grupo de investigación Química Supramolecular Aplicada, Programa de Química, Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Edward E. Ávila
- Universidad Yachay Tech, Escuela de Ciencias Químicas e Ingenierías, Grupo de Investigaciones en Materiales Avanzados y Procesos (GIAMP), Hda, San José, Urcuquí, 100119, Ecuador
| | - Alexander Briceño
- Laboratorio de Síntesis y Caracterización de Nuevos Materiales, Centro de Química, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, San Antonio de Los Altos, Miranda, Venezuela
| | - Andreas Reiber
- Laboratorio de la Interfase Inorgánica-Orgánica, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
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30
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Vasquez RM, Hlynchuk S, Maldonado S. Effect of Covalent Surface Functionalization of Si on the Activity of Trifluoromethanesulfonic Anhydride for Suppressing Surface Recombination. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:57560-57568. [PMID: 33307671 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An examination of the efficacy of combining physisorbed and chemisorbed passivation strategies on crystalline Si has been performed. This report compares the influence of a linear alkyl adsorbate tethered by either a Si-C or Si-Si linkage, prepared by reaction of Si(111) with organometallic Grignard reagents or organosilanes, respectively. These modified surfaces are first analyzed and compared by IR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. Their behavior toward a known potent physisorbate, trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (Tf2O), is then examined. Microwave photoconductivity measurements were obtained which indicate that, while Tf2O shows a beneficial lowering of surface recombination on both surface types initially, only surfaces featuring Si-C linkages exhibit long-lasting suppressed surface recombination. The data for Grignard-treated Si after exposure to Tf2O in fact represent the longest known report of surface recombination suppression by a physisorbate. Conversely, the data for the Si surfaces prepared by dehydrogenative coupling suggest that these passivating groups themselves introduce defect states that cannot be ameliorated by Tf2O physisorption.
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31
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Tahara K, Ashihara Y, Ikeda T, Kadoya T, Fujisawa JI, Ozawa Y, Tajima H, Toyoda N, Haruyama Y, Abe M. Immobilizing a π-Conjugated Catecholato Framework on Surfaces of SiO 2 Insulator Films via a One-Atom Anchor of a Platinum Metal Center to Modulate Organic Transistor Performance. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:17945-17957. [PMID: 33169615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chemical modification of insulating material surfaces is an important methodology to improve the performance of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). However, few redox-active self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have been constructed on gate insulator film surfaces, in contrast to the numerous SAMs formed on many types of conducting electrodes. In this study, we report a new approach to introduce a π-conjugated organic fragment in close proximity to an insulating material surface via a transition metal center acting as a one-atom anchor. On the basis of the reported coordination chemistry of a catecholato complex of Pt(II) in solution, we demonstrate that ligand exchange can occur on an insulating material surface, affording SAMs on the SiO2 surface derived from a newly synthesized Pt(II) complex containing a benzothienobenzothiophene (BTBT) framework in the catecholato ligand. The resultant SAMs were characterized in detail by water contact angle measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. The SAMs served as good scaffolds of π-conjugated pillars for forming thin films of a well-known organic semiconductor C8-BTBT (2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene), accompanied by the engagements of the C8-BTBT molecules with the SAMs containing the common BTBT framework at the first layer on SiO2. OFETs containing the SAMs displayed improved performance in terms of hole mobility and onset voltage, presumably because of the unique interfacial structure between the organic semiconducting and inorganic insulating layers. These findings provide important insight into creating new elaborate interfaces through installing coordination chemistry in solution to solid surfaces, as well as OFET design by considering the compatibility between SAMs and organic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishiro Tahara
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 6781297, Japan
| | - Yuya Ashihara
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 6781297, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikeda
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 6781297, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Kadoya
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 6781297, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Fujisawa
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1, Tenjin, Kiryu, Gunma 3768515, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ozawa
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 6781297, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tajima
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 6781297, Japan
| | - Noriaki Toyoda
- Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167, Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 6712280, Japan
| | - Yuichi Haruyama
- Laboratory of Advanced Science and Technology for Industry, University of Hyogo, 3-1-2 Koto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 6781205, Japan
| | - Masaaki Abe
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 6781297, Japan
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32
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Dief EM, Vogel YB, Peiris CR, Le Brun AP, Gonçales VR, Ciampi S, Reimers JR, Darwish N. Covalent Linkages of Molecules and Proteins to Si-H Surfaces Formed by Disulfide Reduction. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:14999-15009. [PMID: 33271017 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Thiols and disulfide contacts have been, for decades, key for connecting organic molecules to surfaces and nanoclusters as they form self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on metals such as gold (Au) under mild conditions. In contrast, they have not been similarly deployed on Si owing to the harsh conditions required for monolayer formation. Here, we show that SAMs can be simply formed by dipping Si-H surfaces into dilute solutions of organic molecules or proteins comprising disulfide bonds. We demonstrate that S-S bonds can be spontaneously reduced on Si-H, forming covalent Si-S bonds in the presence of traces of water, and that this grafting can be catalyzed by electrochemical potential. Cyclic disulfide can be spontaneously reduced to form complete monolayers in 1 h, and the reduction can be catalyzed electrochemically to form full surface coverages within 15 min. In contrast, the kinetics of SAM formation of the cyclic disulfide molecule on Au was found to be three-fold slower than that on Si. It is also demonstrated that dilute thiol solutions can form monolayers on Si-H following oxidation to disulfides under ambient conditions; the supply of too much oxygen, however, inhibits SAM formation. The electron transfer kinetics of the Si-S-enabled SAMs on Si-H is comparable to that on Au, suggesting that Si-S contacts are electrically transmissive. We further demonstrate the prospect of this spontaneous disulfide reduction by forming a monolayer of protein azurin on a Si-H surface within 1 h. The direct reduction of disulfides on Si electrodes presents new capabilities for a range of fields, including molecular electronics, for which highly conducting SAM-electrode contacts are necessary and for emerging fields such as biomolecular electronics as disulfide linkages could be exploited to wire proteins between Si electrodes, within the context of the current Si-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam M Dief
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Yan B Vogel
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Chandramalika R Peiris
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Anton P Le Brun
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
| | - Vinicius R Gonçales
- School of Chemistry, Australia Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Simone Ciampi
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Jeffrey R Reimers
- International Centre for Quantum and Molecular Structures, School of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Nadim Darwish
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
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Fang Y, Meng L, Prominski A, Schaumann E, Seebald M, Tian B. Recent advances in bioelectronics chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:7978-8035. [PMID: 32672777 PMCID: PMC7674226 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00333f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Research in bioelectronics is highly interdisciplinary, with many new developments being based on techniques from across the physical and life sciences. Advances in our understanding of the fundamental chemistry underlying the materials used in bioelectronic applications have been a crucial component of many recent discoveries. In this review, we highlight ways in which a chemistry-oriented perspective may facilitate novel and deep insights into both the fundamental scientific understanding and the design of materials, which can in turn tune the functionality and biocompatibility of bioelectronic devices. We provide an in-depth examination of several developments in the field, organized by the chemical properties of the materials. We conclude by surveying how some of the latest major topics of chemical research may be further integrated with bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Fang
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lingyuan Meng
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - Erik Schaumann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Matthew Seebald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Bozhi Tian
- The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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34
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Hu ML, Abbasi-Azad M, Habibi B, Rouhani F, Moghanni-Bavil-Olyaei H, Liu KG, Morsali A. Electrochemical Applications of Ferrocene-Based Coordination Polymers. Chempluschem 2020; 85:2397-2418. [PMID: 33140916 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ferrocene and its derivatives, especially ferrocene-based coordination polymers (Fc-CPs), offer the benefits of high thermal stability, two stable redox states, fast electron transfer, and excellent charge/discharge efficiency, thus holding great promise for electrochemical applications. Herein, we describe the synthesis and electrochemical applications of Fc-CPs and reveal how the incorporation of ferrocene units into coordination polymers containing other metals results in unprecedented properties. Moreover, we discuss the usage of Fc-CPs in supercapacitors, batteries, and sensors as well as further applications of these polymers, for example in electrocatalysts, water purification systems, adsorption/storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Lin Hu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, P. R. China
| | - Mahsa Abbasi-Azad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box, 14155-4838, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnam Habibi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box, 14155-4838, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Rouhani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box, 14155-4838, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Moghanni-Bavil-Olyaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box, 14155-4838, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kuan-Guan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization, and Green Chemical Engineering, and Ningxia Key Laboratory for Photovoltaic Materials, Ningxia University, Yin, Chuan, 750021, P. R. China
| | - Ali Morsali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box, 14155-4838, Tehran, Iran
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35
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Taherinia D. Investigation of the Interfacial Electron Transfer Kinetics in Ferrocene-Terminated Oligophenyleneimine Self-Assembled Monolayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:12572-12579. [PMID: 32936644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this article, the synthesis, characterization, and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements are reported for ferrocene-terminated oligophenyleneimine (OPI_Fc) and ferrocene-terminated conjugation-broken oligophenyleneimine (CB-OPI_Fc) self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) in two different electrolytes, namely, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium-bis (trifluoromethyl-sulfonyl) imide (EMITFSI) ionic liquid and tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate (Bu4NPF6) in acetonitrile (0.1 M solution). The SAMs were synthesized on Au surfaces by the sequential imine condensation reactions. CV was used to investigate the kinetics of electron transfer (ET) to the ferrocene, and it was observed that the standard ET rate constant (k0) is a strong function of the electrolyte nature as well as the chemical composition of the SAM. Interestingly, when 0.1 M Bu4NPF6 in acetonitrile was used as the electrolyte, all of the SAMs exhibited quite similar k0 values. However, in the case of the ionic liquid, we found that k0 dramatically varies for each SAM and trends as OPI 6_Fc > CB3-OPI 6_Fc > CB5-OPI 6_Fc > CB3,5-OPI 6_Fc. We also examined the temperature dependence of ET kinetics for OPI 2_Fc, OPI 4_Fc, OPI 8_Fc, CB3-OPI 6_Fc, CB5-OPI 6_Fc, and CB3,5-OPI 6_Fc SAMs in EMITFSI ionic liquid. It was found that the activation energies of the ET in these SAMs are very similar (∼0.2 eV). Moreover, it was observed that ln k0 varies linearly with the molecular length for three SAMs, OPI 2_Fc, OPI 4_Fc, and OPI 8_Fc. These findings suggest that the ET to the ferrocene in OPI_Fc and CB-OPI _Fc SAMs takes place via a direct tunneling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davood Taherinia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-9516, Iran
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36
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Gonçales VR, Lian J, Gautam S, Tilley RD, Gooding JJ. Functionalized Silicon Electrodes in Electrochemistry. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2020; 13:135-158. [PMID: 32289237 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-091619-092506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Avoiding the growth of SiOx has been an enduring task for the use of silicon as an electrode material in dynamic electrochemistry. This is because electrochemical assays become unstable when the SiOx levels change during measurements. Moreover, the silicon electrode can be completely passivated for electron transfer if a thick layer of insulating SiOx grows on the surface. As such, the field of silicon electrochemistry was mainly developed by electron-transfer studies in nonaqueous electrolytes and by applications employing SiOx-passivated silicon-electrodes where no DC currents are required to cross the electrode/electrolyte interface. A solution to this challenge began by functionalizing Si-H electrodes with monolayers based on Si-O-Si linkages. These monolayers have proven very efficient to avoid SiOx formation but are not stable for a long-term operation in aqueous electrolytes due to hydrolysis. It was only with the development of self-assembled monolayers based on Si-C linkages that a reliable protection against SiOx formation was achieved, particularly with monolayers based on α,ω-dialkynes. This review discusses in detail how this surface chemistry achieves such protection, the electron-transfer behavior of these monolayer-modified silicon surfaces, and the new opportunities for electrochemical applications in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius R Gonçales
- School of Chemistry, Australia Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; ,
| | - Jiaxin Lian
- School of Chemistry, Australia Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; ,
| | - Shreedhar Gautam
- School of Chemistry, Australia Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; ,
| | - Richard D Tilley
- School of Chemistry, Australia Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; ,
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, Australia Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; ,
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37
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Ikeda T, Tahara K, Kadoya T, Tajima H, Toyoda N, Yasuno S, Ozawa Y, Abe M. Ferrocene on Insulator: Silane Coupling to a SiO 2 Surface and Influence on Electrical Transport at a Buried Interface with an Organic Semiconductor Layer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:5809-5819. [PMID: 32407106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A silane coupling-based procedure for decoration of an insulator surface containing abundant hydroxy groups by constructing redox-active self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) is described. A newly synthesized ferrocene (Fc) derivative containing a triethoxysilyl group designated FcSi was immobilized on SiO2/Si by a simple operation that involved immersing the substrate in a toluene solution of the Fc silane coupling reagent and then rinsing the resulting substrate. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements confirmed that the Fc group was immobilized on SiO2/Si in the Fe(II) state. Cyclic voltammetry measurements showed that the Fc groups were electrically insulated from the Si electrode by the SiO2 layer. The FcSi on SiO2/Si structures were found to serve as a good scaffold for formation of organic semiconductor thin films by vacuum thermal evaporation of C8-BTBT (2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene), which is well-known as an organic field-effect transistor (OFET) material. The X-ray diffraction profile indicated that the conventional standing-up conformation of the C8-BTBT molecules perpendicular to the substrates was maintained in the thin films formed on FcSi@SiO2/Si. Further vacuum thermal evaporation of Au provided an FcSi-based OFET structure with good transfer characteristics. The FcSi-based OFET showed pronounced source-drain current hysteresis between the forward and backward scans. The degree of this hysteresis was varied reversibly via gate bias manipulation, which was presumably accompanied by trapping and detrapping of hole carriers at the Fc-decorated SiO2 surface. These findings provide new insights into application of redox-active SAMs to nonvolatile OFET memories while also creating new interfaces through junctions with functional thin films, in which the underlying redox-active SAMs play supporting roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ikeda
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Keishiro Tahara
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Kadoya
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tajima
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Noriaki Toyoda
- Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167, Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2280, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuno
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ozawa
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Masaaki Abe
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
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38
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Médard J, Decorse P, Mangeney C, Pinson J, Fagnoni M, Protti S. Simultaneous Photografting of Two Organic Groups on a Gold Surface by using Arylazo Sulfones as Single Precursors. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:2786-2793. [PMID: 32090577 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Arylazo sulfones have been exploited as photoactivatable substrates for the simultaneous photografting of both aryl and methanesulfonyl groups on a gold surface. The obtained samples have been characterized by different spectroscopic techniques including ellipsometry and electrochemistry, infrared reflection absorption, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, XPS, and AFM. Grafting occurs through a simple N-S cleavage and not, as usually observed with aromatic precursors, by electron transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Médard
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS, UMR 7086, 15 rue J-A de Baïf, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Philippe Decorse
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS, UMR 7086, 15 rue J-A de Baïf, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Claire Mangeney
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS, UMR 7086, 15 rue J-A de Baïf, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Jean Pinson
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS, UMR 7086, 15 rue J-A de Baïf, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
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Huang Y, Pi C, Cui X, Wu Y. Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Enantioselective C−H Alkenylation of Ferrocenecarboxylic Acid. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhen Huang
- College of Chemistry, Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan UniversitiesZhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Pi
- College of Chemistry, Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan UniversitiesZhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuling Cui
- College of Chemistry, Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan UniversitiesZhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Yangjie Wu
- College of Chemistry, Henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan UniversitiesZhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052 People's Republic of China
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40
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Welden R, Schöning MJ, Wagner PH, Wagner T. Light-Addressable Electrodes for Dynamic and Flexible Addressing of Biological Systems and Electrochemical Reactions. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20061680. [PMID: 32192226 PMCID: PMC7147159 DOI: 10.3390/s20061680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In this review article, we are going to present an overview on possible applications of light-addressable electrodes (LAE) as actuator/manipulation devices besides classical electrode structures. For LAEs, the electrode material consists of a semiconductor. Illumination with a light source with the appropiate wavelength leads to the generation of electron-hole pairs which can be utilized for further photoelectrochemical reaction. Due to recent progress in light-projection technologies, highly dynamic and flexible illumination patterns can be generated, opening new possibilities for light-addressable electrodes. A short introduction on semiconductor–electrolyte interfaces with light stimulation is given together with electrode-design approaches. Towards applications, the stimulation of cells with different electrode materials and fabrication designs is explained, followed by analyte-manipulation strategies and spatially resolved photoelectrochemical deposition of different material types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Welden
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies (INB), Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Heinrich-Mußmann-Str. 1, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (R.W.); (M.J.S.)
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michael J. Schöning
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies (INB), Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Heinrich-Mußmann-Str. 1, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (R.W.); (M.J.S.)
- Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-8), Research Center Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Patrick H. Wagner
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Torsten Wagner
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies (INB), Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Heinrich-Mußmann-Str. 1, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (R.W.); (M.J.S.)
- Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-8), Research Center Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-241-6009-53766
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41
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de Sousa JA, Bejarano F, Gutiérrez D, Leroux YR, Nowik-Boltyk EM, Junghoefer T, Giangrisostomi E, Ovsyannikov R, Casu MB, Veciana J, Mas-Torrent M, Fabre B, Rovira C, Crivillers N. Exploiting the versatile alkyne-based chemistry for expanding the applications of a stable triphenylmethyl organic radical on surfaces. Chem Sci 2019; 11:516-524. [PMID: 32190271 PMCID: PMC7067255 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04499j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of terminal alkynes into the chemical structure of persistent organic perchlorotriphenylmethyl (PTM) radicals provides new chemical tools to expand their potential applications. In this work, this is demonstrated by the chemical functionalization of two types of substrates, hydrogenated SiO2-free silicon (Si-H) and gold, and, by exploiting the click chemistry, scarcely used with organic radicals, to synthesise multifunctional systems. On one hand, the one-step functionalization of Si-H allows a light-triggered capacitance switch to be successfully achieved under electrochemical conditions. On the other hand, the click reaction between the alkyne-terminated PTM radical and a ferrocene azide derivative, used here as a model azide system, leads to a multistate electrochemical switch. The successful post-surface modification makes the self-assembled monolayers reported here an appealing platform to synthesise multifunctional systems grafted on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Alejandro de Sousa
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) , Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Campus de la UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain . .,Laboratorio de Electroquímica , Departamento de Química , Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de los Andes , 5101 Mérida , Venezuela
| | - Francesc Bejarano
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) , Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Campus de la UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain .
| | - Diego Gutiérrez
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) , Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Campus de la UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain .
| | - Yann R Leroux
- Univ Rennes , CNRS , ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226 , F-35000 Rennes , France
| | | | - Tobias Junghoefer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry , University of Tübingen , 72076 Tübingen , Germany
| | - Erika Giangrisostomi
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (HZB) , Albert-Einstein-Str 15 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Ruslan Ovsyannikov
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (HZB) , Albert-Einstein-Str 15 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Maria Benedetta Casu
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry , University of Tübingen , 72076 Tübingen , Germany
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) , Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Campus de la UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain .
| | - Marta Mas-Torrent
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) , Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Campus de la UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain .
| | - Bruno Fabre
- Univ Rennes , CNRS , ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226 , F-35000 Rennes , France
| | - Concepció Rovira
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) , Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Campus de la UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain .
| | - Núria Crivillers
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) , Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Campus de la UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain .
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42
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Korkut S, Kiliç MS, Hazer B. Newly designed bioanode for glucose/O
2
biofuel cells to generate renewable energy. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyda Korkut
- Department of Environmental EngineeringZonguldak Bulent Ecevit University Zonguldak Turkey
| | - Muhammet Samet Kiliç
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringZonguldak Bulent Ecevit University Zonguldak Turkey
| | - Baki Hazer
- Department of Aircraft Airframe Engine MaintenanceKapadokya University 50420 Ürgüp Nevşehir Turkey
- Department of Chemistry; Department of Nanotechnology EngineeringZonguldak Bulent Ecevit University 67100 Zonguldak Turkey
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43
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Xiang JC, Wu ZJ, Gu Q, You SL. Palladium-Catalyzed C-H Diarylation of Ferrocenecarboxylic Acids with Aryl Iodides. J Org Chem 2019; 84:13144-13149. [PMID: 31342746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed C-H diarylation of ferrocenes is described. In the presence of 10 mol % Pd(OAc)2, direct C-H diarylation reactions of commercially available ferrocenecarboxylic acid with aryl iodides proceeded smoothly to afford diarylated ferrocenes bearing a variety of functional groups in moderate to good yields. The carboxylic group could also act as a remote directing group to result in the third arylation on the other Cp ring of ferrocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Chen Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China.,Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079 , China
| | - Zhi-Jie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China.,School of Physical Science and Technology , ShanghaiTech University , 100 Haike Road , Shanghai 201210 , China
| | - Qing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Lu , Shanghai 200032 , China.,School of Physical Science and Technology , ShanghaiTech University , 100 Haike Road , Shanghai 201210 , China
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44
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Guo L, Zhao W, Li M, Dong S, Gong J, Chen S. CuI‐Catalyzed coupling reaction of diazophosphonates with ferrocenylacetylenes: an efficient synthesis of ferrocene‐containing allenylphosphonates. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Le Guo
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringInner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 People's Republic of China
- College of Chemical EngineeringOrdos Institute of Technology Ordos 017000 People's Republic of China
| | - Wanrong Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringInner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringInner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 People's Republic of China
| | - Shuqi Dong
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringInner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 People's Republic of China
| | - Jianye Gong
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringInner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 People's Republic of China
| | - Shufeng Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringInner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 People's Republic of China
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45
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Senel M, Dervisevic M, Kokkokoğlu F. Electrochemical DNA biosensors for label-free breast cancer gene marker detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:2925-2935. [PMID: 30957202 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01739-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present an electrochemical DNA detection strategy based on self-assembled ferrocene-cored poly(amidoamine) dendrimers for the detection of a gene relevant to breast cancer. The chemisorption of three ferrocene-cored poly(amidoamine) generations and hybridization of single-stranded DNA on a Au electrode were studied by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The biosensor demonstrated high sensitivity of 0.13 μA/(ng/ml) in the detection of the target DNA with a linear range of 1.3-20 nM and a detection limit of 0.38 nM. The DNA biosensor also has high selectivity for the target DNA, showing a clear signal difference from a noncomplementary sequence and a single-base-mismatch sequence, which was used as a model of BRAC1 gene mutation. The results shown are highly motivating for exploring DNA biosensing technology in the diagnosis of breast cancer caused by mutation of the BRAC1 gene. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Senel
- SANKARA Brain & Biotechnology Research Center, Nanoyasam Nanobiotechnology Company, Technocity, Avcılar, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Muamer Dervisevic
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
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46
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Huang DY, Yao QJ, Zhang S, Xu XT, Zhang K, Shi BF. Amide-Directed Cobalt(III)-Catalyzed C–H Amidation of Ferrocenes. Org Lett 2019; 21:951-954. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Ying Huang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Qi-Jun Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xue-Tao Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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47
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Dalla Francesca K, Lenfant S, Laurans M, Volatron F, Izzet G, Humblot V, Methivier C, Guerin D, Proust A, Vuillaume D. Charge transport through redox active [H 7P 8W 48O 184] 33- polyoxometalates self-assembled onto gold surfaces and gold nanodots. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:1863-1878. [PMID: 30637426 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09377f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Polyoxometalates (POMs) are redox-active molecular oxides, which attract growing interest for their integration into nano-devices, such as high-density data storage non-volatile memories. In this work, we investigated the electrostatic deposition of the negatively charged [H7P8W48O184]33- POM onto positively charged 8-amino-1-octanethiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) preformed onto gold substrates or onto an array of gold nanodots. The ring-shaped [H7P8W48O184]33- POM was selected as an example of large POMs with high charge storage capacity. To avoid the formation of POM aggregates onto the substrates, which would introduce variability in the local electrical properties, special attention has to be paid to the preformed SAM seeding layer, which should itself be deprived of aggregates. Where necessary, rinsing steps were found to be crucial to eliminate these aggregates and to provide uniformly covered substrates for subsequent POM deposition and electrical characterizations. This especially holds for commercially available gold/glass substrates while these rinsing steps were not essential in the case of template stripped gold of very low roughness. Charge transport through the related molecular junctions and nanodot molecule junctions (NMJs) has been probed by conducting-AFM. We analyzed the current-voltage curves with different models: electron tunneling though the SAMs (Simmons model), transition voltage spectroscopy (TVS) method or molecular single energy level mediated transport (Landauer equation) and we discussed the energetics of the molecular junctions. We concluded to an energy level alignment of the alkyl spacer and POM lowest occupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs), probably due to dipolar effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Dalla Francesca
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
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48
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Zhang YM, Gao X, Liu P. Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Studies on Mechanism of D-π-A Ferrocene Derivative. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328418120114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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49
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Garg K, Raichlin S, Bendikov T, Pecht I, Sheves M, Cahen D. Interface Electrostatics Dictates the Electron Transport via Bioelectronic Junctions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:41599-41607. [PMID: 30376633 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Different batches of Si wafers with nominally the same specifications were found to respond differently to identical chemical surface treatments aimed at regrowing Si oxide on them. We found that the oxides produced on different batches of wafer differ electrically, thereby affecting solid-state electron transport (ETp) via protein films assembled on them. These results led to the another set of experiments, where we studied this phenomenon using two distinct chemical methods to regrow oxides on the same batch of Si wafers. We have characterized the surfaces of the regrown oxides and of monolayers of linker molecules that connect proteins with the oxides and examined ETp via ultrathin layers of the protein bacteriorhodopsin, assembled on them. Our results illustrate the crucial role of (near) surface charges on the substrate in defining the ETp characteristics across the proteins. This is expressed most strikingly in the observed current's temperature dependences, and we propose that these are governed by the electrostatic landscape at the electrode-protein interface rather than by intrinsic protein properties. This study's major finding, relevant to protein bioelectronics, is that protein-electrode coupling in junctions is a decisive factor in ETp across them. Hence,surface electrostatics can create a barrier that dominates charge transport and controls the transport mode across the junction. Our findings' wider importance lies in their relevance to hybrid junctions of Si with (polyelectrolyte) biomolecules, a likely direction for future bioelectronics. A remarkable corollary of presented results is that once an electron is injected into the protein, transport within the proteins is so efficient that it does not encounter a measurable barrier down to 160 K.
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50
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Hu Y, Zhang X, Xu L, Yang H. Coordination‐Driven Self‐Assembly of Functionalized Supramolecular Metallacycles: Highlighted Research during 2010–2018. Isr J Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201800102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Xiong Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Rd. 200062 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Xiangyi Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Materials EngineeringChinese Culture University Taipei China
| | - Lin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Rd. 200062 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Hai‐Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Rd. 200062 Shanghai P. R. China
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