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Liu X, Liu C, Song X, Ding X, Wang H, Yu B, Liu H, Han B, Li X, Jiang J. Cofacial porphyrin organic cages. Metals regulating excitation electron transfer and CO 2 reduction electrocatalytic properties. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9086-9094. [PMID: 37655043 PMCID: PMC10466316 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01816d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we introduce a comprehensive study of the photophysical behaviors and CO2 reduction electrocatalytic properties of a series of cofacial porphyrin organic cages (CPOC-M, M = H2, Co(ii), Ni(ii), Cu(ii), Zn(ii)), which are constructed by the covalent-bonded self-assembly of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-formylphenyl)porphyrin (TFPP) and chiral (2-aminocyclohexyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetraformyl diimide (ANDI), followed by post-synthetic metalation. Electronic coupling between the TFPP donor and naphthalene-1,4 : 5,8-bis(dicarboximide) (NDI) acceptor in the metal-free cage is revealed to be very weak by UV-vis spectroscopic, electrochemical, and theoretical investigations. Photoexcitation of CPOC-H2, as well as its post-synthetic Zn and Co counterparts, leads to fast energy transfer from the triplet state porphyrin to the NDI unit according to the femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopic results. In addition, CPOC-Co enables much better electrocatalytic activity for CO2 reduction reaction than the other metallic CPOC-M (M = Ni(ii), Cu(ii), Zn(ii)) and monomeric porphyrin cobalt compartment, supplying a partial current density of 18.0 mA cm-2 at -0.90 V with 90% faradaic efficiency of CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Chenxi Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Xiaojuan Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 China
| | - Xu Ding
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Baoqiu Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Heyuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 China
| | - Bin Han
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Xiyou Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 China
| | - Jianzhuang Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
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Brégier F, Sol V, Champavier Y, Galmiche L, Allain C, Audebert P. First Example of a Heptazine-Porphyrin Dyad; Synthesis and Spectroscopic Properties. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196698. [PMID: 36235234 PMCID: PMC9571928 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We have prepared the first example of a porphyrin linked to an heptazine photoactive antenna. The two entities, linked with an alkyl spacer, demonstrate the activity of both active moieties. While they behave electrochemically independantly, on the other hand the spectroscopy shows the existence of energy transfer between both partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédérique Brégier
- Laboratoire PEIRENE UR 22722, University of Limoges, 87000 Limoges, France
- Correspondence: (F.B.); (P.A.)
| | - Vincent Sol
- Laboratoire PEIRENE UR 22722, University of Limoges, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Yves Champavier
- Laboratoire PEIRENE UR 22722, University of Limoges, 87000 Limoges, France
- BISCEm, NMR Platform, Centre de Biologie et de Recherche en Santé (CBRS), 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Laurent Galmiche
- PPSM, Av. Des Sciences, 91100 Gif s. Yvette, CNRS UMR 8531, 61, Avenue du Président Wilson, CEDEX, 94235 Cachan, France
| | - Clémence Allain
- PPSM, Av. Des Sciences, 91100 Gif s. Yvette, CNRS UMR 8531, 61, Avenue du Président Wilson, CEDEX, 94235 Cachan, France
| | - Pierre Audebert
- PPSM, Av. Des Sciences, 91100 Gif s. Yvette, CNRS UMR 8531, 61, Avenue du Président Wilson, CEDEX, 94235 Cachan, France
- XLIM, UMR CNRS 7252 123, Avenue Albert Thomas, CEDEX, 87060 Limoges, France
- Correspondence: (F.B.); (P.A.)
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Muñoz-García AB, Benesperi I, Boschloo G, Concepcion JJ, Delcamp JH, Gibson EA, Meyer GJ, Pavone M, Pettersson H, Hagfeldt A, Freitag M. Dye-sensitized solar cells strike back. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12450-12550. [PMID: 34590638 PMCID: PMC8591630 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01336f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) are celebrating their 30th birthday and they are attracting a wealth of research efforts aimed at unleashing their full potential. In recent years, DSCs and dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells (DSPECs) have experienced a renaissance as the best technology for several niche applications that take advantage of DSCs' unique combination of properties: at low cost, they are composed of non-toxic materials, are colorful, transparent, and very efficient in low light conditions. This review summarizes the advancements in the field over the last decade, encompassing all aspects of the DSC technology: theoretical studies, characterization techniques, materials, applications as solar cells and as drivers for the synthesis of solar fuels, and commercialization efforts from various companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Muñoz-García
- Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Iacopo Benesperi
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Gerrit Boschloo
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 523, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Javier J Concepcion
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Jared H Delcamp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Gibson
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Gerald J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Michele Pavone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Anders Hagfeldt
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 523, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
- University Management and Management Council, Vice Chancellor, Uppsala University, Segerstedthuset, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marina Freitag
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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Aggarwal A, Bhupathiraju NVSDK, Farley C, Singh S. Applications of Fluorous Porphyrinoids: An Update †. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:1241-1265. [PMID: 34343350 DOI: 10.1111/php.13499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrins and related macrocycles have been studied broadly for their applications in medicine and materials because of their tunable physicochemical, optoelectronic and magnetic properties. In this review article, we focused on the applications of fluorinated porphyrinoids and their supramolecular systems and summarized the reports published on these chromophores in the past 5-6 years. The commercially available fluorinated porphyrinoids: meso-perfluorophenylporphyrin (TPPF20 ) perfluorophthalocyanine (PcF16 ) and meso-perfluorophenylcorrole (CorF15 ) have increased photo and oxidative stability due to the presence of fluoro groups. Because of their tunable properties and robustness toward oxidative damage these porphyrinoid-based chromophores continue to gain attention of researchers developing advanced functional materials for applications such as sensors, photonic devices, component for solar cells, biomedical imaging, theranostics and catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Aggarwal
- Department of Natural Sciences, LaGuardia Community College of the City University of New York, Long Island City, NY
| | - N V S Dinesh K Bhupathiraju
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York (CUNY), New York, NY
| | - Christopher Farley
- Department of Natural Sciences, LaGuardia Community College of the City University of New York, Long Island City, NY
| | - Sunaina Singh
- Department of Natural Sciences, LaGuardia Community College of the City University of New York, Long Island City, NY
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Zarrabi N, Poddutoori PK. Aluminum(III) porphyrin: A unique building block for artificial photosynthetic systems. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Banin U, Waiskopf N, Hammarström L, Boschloo G, Freitag M, Johansson EMJ, Sá J, Tian H, Johnston MB, Herz LM, Milot RL, Kanatzidis MG, Ke W, Spanopoulos I, Kohlstedt KL, Schatz GC, Lewis N, Meyer T, Nozik AJ, Beard MC, Armstrong F, Megarity CF, Schmuttenmaer CA, Batista VS, Brudvig GW. Nanotechnology for catalysis and solar energy conversion. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:042003. [PMID: 33155576 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abbce8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This roadmap on Nanotechnology for Catalysis and Solar Energy Conversion focuses on the application of nanotechnology in addressing the current challenges of energy conversion: 'high efficiency, stability, safety, and the potential for low-cost/scalable manufacturing' to quote from the contributed article by Nathan Lewis. This roadmap focuses on solar-to-fuel conversion, solar water splitting, solar photovoltaics and bio-catalysis. It includes dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), perovskite solar cells, and organic photovoltaics. Smart engineering of colloidal quantum materials and nanostructured electrodes will improve solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency, as described in the articles by Waiskopf and Banin and Meyer. Semiconductor nanoparticles will also improve solar energy conversion efficiency, as discussed by Boschloo et al in their article on DSSCs. Perovskite solar cells have advanced rapidly in recent years, including new ideas on 2D and 3D hybrid halide perovskites, as described by Spanopoulos et al 'Next generation' solar cells using multiple exciton generation (MEG) from hot carriers, described in the article by Nozik and Beard, could lead to remarkable improvement in photovoltaic efficiency by using quantization effects in semiconductor nanostructures (quantum dots, wires or wells). These challenges will not be met without simultaneous improvement in nanoscale characterization methods. Terahertz spectroscopy, discussed in the article by Milot et al is one example of a method that is overcoming the difficulties associated with nanoscale materials characterization by avoiding electrical contacts to nanoparticles, allowing characterization during device operation, and enabling characterization of a single nanoparticle. Besides experimental advances, computational science is also meeting the challenges of nanomaterials synthesis. The article by Kohlstedt and Schatz discusses the computational frameworks being used to predict structure-property relationships in materials and devices, including machine learning methods, with an emphasis on organic photovoltaics. The contribution by Megarity and Armstrong presents the 'electrochemical leaf' for improvements in electrochemistry and beyond. In addition, biohybrid approaches can take advantage of efficient and specific enzyme catalysts. These articles present the nanoscience and technology at the forefront of renewable energy development that will have significant benefits to society.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Banin
- The Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - N Waiskopf
- The Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - L Hammarström
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - G Boschloo
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M Freitag
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - E M J Johansson
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Sá
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - H Tian
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M B Johnston
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - L M Herz
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - R L Milot
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - M G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States of America
| | - W Ke
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States of America
| | - I Spanopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States of America
| | - K L Kohlstedt
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States of America
| | - G C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States of America
| | - N Lewis
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Beckman Institute, 210 Noyes Laboratory, 127-72 California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States of America
| | - T Meyer
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Chemistry, United States of America
| | - A J Nozik
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, United States of America
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Department of Chemistry, 80309, United States of America
| | - M C Beard
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, United States of America
| | - F Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C F Megarity
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C A Schmuttenmaer
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St, New Haven, CT, 06520-8107, United States of America
| | - V S Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St, New Haven, CT, 06520-8107, United States of America
| | - G W Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St, New Haven, CT, 06520-8107, United States of America
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Chen Z, Zhang L, Xu K, Yu F. Pyridyl anchor-assisted photoresponsiveness of 4-(4-diethylaminophenylazo)pyridine on TiO2 surface. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Peng Y, Liu Q, Chen S. Structural Engineering of Semiconductor Nanoparticles by Conjugated Interfacial Bonds. CHEM REC 2020; 20:41-50. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201900010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California 1156 High Street Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA
| | - Qiming Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California 1156 High Street Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA
| | - Shaowei Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California 1156 High Street Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA
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Rani J, Ashim, Ahamed JI, Adhikari D, Natarajan P, Venugopalan P, Patra R. Nature of fluorine interactions in ‘wheel and axle’ topology based hexa-coordinated Sn( iv)-porphyrins: an experimental and theoretical analysis. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce00333f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The experimental and theoretical investigations on Sn(iv)-tetrapyridylporphyrins demonstrate that ‘Gulliver effect’ has to be taken into consideration in explaining the genesis of F-based intermolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Rani
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh-160014
- India
| | - Ashim
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh-160014
- India
| | - J. Irshad Ahamed
- Amity Institute of Click Chemistry Research and Studies
- Amity University
- Noida
- India
| | - Debashis Adhikari
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
- S. A. S. Nagar
- India
| | - Palani Natarajan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh-160014
- India
| | - Paloth Venugopalan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh-160014
- India
| | - Ranjan Patra
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh-160014
- India
- Amity Institute of Click Chemistry Research and Studies
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Orbelli Biroli A, Tessore F, Di Carlo G, Pizzotti M, Benazzi E, Gentile F, Berardi S, Bignozzi CA, Argazzi R, Natali M, Sartorel A, Caramori S. Fluorinated Zn II Porphyrins for Dye-Sensitized Aqueous Photoelectrosynthetic Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:32895-32908. [PMID: 31429275 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b08042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Three perfluorinated ZnII porphyrins were evaluated as n-type sensitizers in photoelectrosynthetic cells for HBr and water splitting. All the dyes are featured by the presence of pentafluorophenyl electron-withdrawing groups to increase the ground-state oxidation potential and differ for the nature and position of the π-conjugate linker between the core and anchoring group tasked to bind the metal oxide, in order to assess the best way of coupling with the semiconductor. A phenyl-triazole moiety was used to link the carboxylic anchoring group onto the meso position, while an ethynyl-phenyl linker was chosen to bridge carboxylic and cyanoacrylic groups onto the β-pyrrolic position. A combination of electrochemical, computational, and spectroscopic investigations confirmed the strong electron-withdrawing effect of the perfluorinated porphyrin core, which assures all the investigated dyes of the high oxidation potential required to the coupling with water oxidation catalysts (WOC). Such an electron-poor core, however, affects the charge separation character of the dyes, as demonstrated by the spatial distribution of the excited states, leading to a nonquantitative charge injection, although tilting of the molecules on the semiconductor surface could bring the porphyrin ring closer to the semiconductor, offering additional charge-transfer pathways. Indeed, all the dyes demonstrated successful in the splitting of both aqueous HBr and water, with the best results found for the SnO2/TiO2 photoanode sensitized with the β-substituted porphyrin equipped with a cyanoacrylic terminal group, achieving 0.4 and 0.1 mA/cm2 photoanodic currents in HBr and water under visible light, respectively. The faradaic yield for oxygen evolution in the presence of an IrIV catalyst was over 95%, and the photoanode operation was stable for more than 1000 s. Thus, the perfluorinated porphyrins with a cyanoacrylic anchoring group at the β-position should be considered for further development to improve the charge-transfer character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Orbelli Biroli
- Institute of Molecular Science and Technologies of the National Research Council (CNR-ISTM), SmartMatLab Centre , via Golgi 19 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Francesca Tessore
- Department of Chemistry , University of Milano, INSTM RU , via Golgi 19 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Gabriele Di Carlo
- Department of Chemistry , University of Milano, INSTM RU , via Golgi 19 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Maddalena Pizzotti
- Department of Chemistry , University of Milano, INSTM RU , via Golgi 19 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrea Sartorel
- Department of Chemical Sciences , University of Padova , Via Marzolo 1 , 35131 Padova , Italy
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Zarrabi N, Lim GN, Bayard BJ, D'Souza F, Poddutoori PK. Surface anchored self-assembled reaction centre mimics as photoanodes consisting of a secondary electron donor, aluminium(iii) porphyrin and TiO2 semiconductor. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:19612-19622. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03400e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Vertically assembled photoanodes, consisting of aluminum(iii) porphyrin, an electron donor, and semiconductor TiO2, have been fabricated and their photophysical properties investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Zarrabi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- University of Minnesota Duluth
- Duluth
- USA
| | - Gary N. Lim
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Texas
- Denton
- USA
| | - Brandon J. Bayard
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- University of Minnesota Duluth
- Duluth
- USA
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12
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Wei H, Feng R, Fang Y, Wang L, Chen C, Zhang L, Cui H, Wang X. The Diradical-Dication Strategy for BODIPY- and Porphyrin-Based Dyes with Near-Infrared Absorption Maxima from 1070 to 2040 nm. Chemistry 2018; 24:19341-19347. [PMID: 30285312 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Four stable boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY)- and porphyrin-based bis-arylamine diradical dications were synthesized by two-electron oxidation of their neutral molecules. The two BODIPY-based dications have open-shell singlet ground states. UV/Vis absorption spectra of all four dications showed large redshifts in the NIR region compared to their neutral precursors with absorption maxima at 1274 and 1068 nm for the two BODIPY-based dications and 1746 and 2037 nm for the two porphyrin-based dications. Thus, two new types of NIR dyes with longer wavelengths are provided by the diradical-dication strategy, which can be applied for the generation of other NIR dyes with a range of different chromophores and auxochromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houjia Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Rui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P. R. China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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Rezazgui O, Marchand G, Trouillas P, Siegler B, Leroy-Lhez S. Synthesis and Studies of New Fluorescein-Porphyrin Dyads: A Theoretical and Experimental Approach. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Rezazgui
- PEIRENE - EA7500; Univ. Limoges, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas; 87060 Limoges France
| | - Guillaume Marchand
- PEIRENE - EA7500; Univ. Limoges, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas; 87060 Limoges France
| | - Patrick Trouillas
- INSERM UMR 1248; Univ. Limoges, Faculté de Pharmacie, Bât CBRS, 2 rue du Docteur Marcland; 87025 Limoges Cedex, France
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacký University, tř. 17 listopadu 12; 771 46 Olomouc Czech Republic
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Lei Zhang, Qiaoyi Wang. First Principles Study on the Interfacial Structure and Electronic Properties of a Metal-Free Organic Dye/TiO2 Photoanode for Water Oxidation. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024418080162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Schneider J, Berger T, Diwald O. Reactive Porphyrin Adsorption on TiO 2 Anatase Particles: Solvent Assistance and the Effect of Water Addition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:16836-16842. [PMID: 29663802 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b00894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The surface functionalization of metal oxide nanoparticles with complex organic molecules can lead to optoelectronically very different material properties, depending on whether adsorption occurs at the solid-gas or solid-liquid interface. Here, we report on two different approaches to decorate anatase TiO2 nanoparticle powders with 2 H-tetraphenylporphyrin (2HTPP) molecules: (i) porphyrin adsorption in dispersions of organic liquids and (ii) gas-phase functionalization where evaporated porphyrin molecules attach to dehydrated particle surfaces in the absence of solvent molecules. In the latter case, a bottom-up approach is pursued to explore both the impact of organic solvent molecules and the impact of spurious water on the surface chemistry of porphyrin-sensitized TiO2 nanoparticles. Vis diffuse reflectance and photoluminescence emission spectroscopy provide clear evidence for the promotion of interfacial reorganization processes of the adsorbate species by coadsorbed solvent molecules in liquids. Moreover, traces of spurious water were found to induce protonation-deprotonation reactions on the adsorbed porphyrins with a strong impact on the optical properties of the resulting hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Schneider
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials , Paris Lodron University of Salzburg , Jakob-Haringer-Straße 2a , A-5020 Salzburg , Austria
| | - Thomas Berger
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials , Paris Lodron University of Salzburg , Jakob-Haringer-Straße 2a , A-5020 Salzburg , Austria
| | - Oliver Diwald
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials , Paris Lodron University of Salzburg , Jakob-Haringer-Straße 2a , A-5020 Salzburg , Austria
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16
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Nemes CT, Swierk JR, Schmuttenmaer CA. A Terahertz-Transparent Electrochemical Cell for In Situ Terahertz Spectroelectrochemistry. Anal Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Coleen T. Nemes
- Department of Chemistry and Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - John R. Swierk
- Department of Chemistry and Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Charles A. Schmuttenmaer
- Department of Chemistry and Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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17
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Đokić M, Soo HS. Artificial photosynthesis by light absorption, charge separation, and multielectron catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:6554-6572. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02156b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We highlight recent novel approaches in the field of artificial photosynthesis. We emphasize the potential of a highly modular plug-and-play concept that we hope will persuade the community to explore a more inclusive variety of multielectron redox catalysis to complement the proton reduction and water oxidation half-reactions in traditional solar water splitting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miloš Đokić
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637371
- Singapore
| | - Han Sen Soo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637371
- Singapore
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18
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Almeida J, Silva AMN, Rebelo SLH, Cunha-Silva L, Rangel M, de Castro B, Leite A, Silva AMG. Synthesis and coordination studies of 5-(4′-carboxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin and its pyrrolidine-fused chlorin derivative. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj05165d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
An efficient strategy was developed to obtain carboxyphenyl porphyrin, chlorins and metal complexes, with potential applications in photonics and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Almeida
- LAQV/REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade do Porto
- 4169-007 Porto
- Portugal
| | - André M. N. Silva
- LAQV/REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade do Porto
- 4169-007 Porto
- Portugal
| | - Susana L. H. Rebelo
- LAQV/REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade do Porto
- 4169-007 Porto
- Portugal
| | - Luís Cunha-Silva
- LAQV/REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade do Porto
- 4169-007 Porto
- Portugal
| | - Maria Rangel
- LAQV/REQUIMTE
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar
- 4099-003 Porto
- Portugal
| | - Baltazar de Castro
- LAQV/REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade do Porto
- 4169-007 Porto
- Portugal
| | - Andreia Leite
- LAQV/REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade do Porto
- 4169-007 Porto
- Portugal
| | - Ana M. G. Silva
- LAQV/REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade do Porto
- 4169-007 Porto
- Portugal
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19
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Tahay P, Babapour Gol Afshani M, Alavi A, Parsa Z, Safari N. Interrelationship between TiO2 nanoparticle size and kind/size of dyes in the mechanism and conversion efficiency of dye sensitized solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:11187-11196. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01159h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Photocurrent efficiency measurements and other experimental results demonstrate that the best TiO2 nanoparticle size depends on the intrinsic properties of the dye and the best size changes with dye type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooya Tahay
- Department of Chemistry
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Evin
- Iran
| | | | - Ali Alavi
- Department of Chemistry
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Evin
- Iran
| | - Zahra Parsa
- Department of Chemistry
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Evin
- Iran
| | - Nasser Safari
- Department of Chemistry
- Shahid Beheshti University
- Evin
- Iran
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20
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Poddutoori PK, Lim GN, Pilkington M, D’Souza F, van der Est A. Phosphorus(V) Porphyrin-Manganese(II) Terpyridine Conjugates: Synthesis, Spectroscopy, and Photo-Oxidation Studies on a SnO2 Surface. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:11383-11395. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth K. Poddutoori
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812
Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Gary N. Lim
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 11555
Union Circle, 305070, Denton, Texas 76203-5017, United States
| | - Melanie Pilkington
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812
Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Francis D’Souza
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 11555
Union Circle, 305070, Denton, Texas 76203-5017, United States
| | - Art van der Est
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812
Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
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21
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Brennaman MK, Dillon RJ, Alibabaei L, Gish MK, Dares CJ, Ashford DL, House RL, Meyer GJ, Papanikolas JM, Meyer TJ. Finding the Way to Solar Fuels with Dye-Sensitized Photoelectrosynthesis Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:13085-13102. [PMID: 27654634 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b06466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The dye-sensitized photoelectrosynthesis cell (DSPEC) integrates high bandgap, nanoparticle oxide semiconductors with the light-absorbing and catalytic properties of designed chromophore-catalyst assemblies. The goals are photoelectrochemical water splitting into hydrogen and oxygen and reduction of CO2 by water to give oxygen and carbon-based fuels. Solar-driven water oxidation occurs at a photoanode and water or CO2 reduction at a cathode or photocathode initiated by molecular-level light absorption. Light absorption is followed by electron or hole injection, catalyst activation, and catalytic water oxidation or water/CO2 reduction. The DSPEC is of recent origin but significant progress has been made. It has the potential to play an important role in our energy future.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kyle Brennaman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Robert J Dillon
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Leila Alibabaei
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Melissa K Gish
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Christopher J Dares
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Dennis L Ashford
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Ralph L House
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Gerald J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - John M Papanikolas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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22
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Bren KL. Going with the Electron Flow: Heme Electronic Structure and Electron Transfer in Cytochrome
c. Isr J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201600021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kara L. Bren
- Department of Chemistry University of Rochester Rochester NY 14627-0216 USA
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23
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Abstract
To celebrate 2015 as the 'International Year of Light', this article offers a short survey of the progress made since the award of the Nobel Prize of 1999 to Professor Ahmed Zewail for his pioneering work on taking the timescale for observation of light-induced events down to the femtosecond level. Developments have included the extension of studies (i) to larger molecules, leading up to biological systems; (ii) the increased range of detection methods of transient species from the UV-Vis to the infrared region; (iii) the introduction of Raman spectroscopy to augment IR studies; (iv) examination of combination events to supplement dissociation events; (v) the interrogation of transient structures by X-ray absorption spectroscopy; (vi) the study of reactions taking place at solid surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terence J. Kemp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- University of Warwick. Cardiff High School, Watford Grammar School and Jesus College Oxford
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24
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Rebelo SLH, Silva AMN, Medforth CJ, Freire C. Iron(III) Fluorinated Porphyrins: Greener Chemistry from Synthesis to Oxidative Catalysis Reactions. Molecules 2016; 21:481. [PMID: 27077840 PMCID: PMC6274165 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21040481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron(III) fluorinated porphyrins play a central role in the biomimetics of heme enzymes and enable cleaner routes to the oxidation of organic compounds. The present work reports significant improvements in the eco-compatibility of the synthesis of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis-pentafluorophenylporphyrin (H2TPFPP) and the corresponding iron complex [Fe(TPFPP)Cl], and the use of [Fe(TPFPP)Cl] as an oxidation catalyst in green conditions. The preparations of H2TPFPP and [Fe(TPFPP)Cl] typically use toxic solvents and can be made significantly greener and simpler using microwave heating and optimization of the reaction conditions. In the optimized procedure it was possible to eliminate nitrobenzene from the porphyrin synthesis and replace DMF by acetonitrile in the metalation reaction, concomitant with a significant reduction of reaction time and simplification of the purification procedure. The Fe(III)porphyrin is then tested as catalyst in the selective oxidation of aromatics at room temperature using a green oxidant (hydrogen peroxide) and green solvent (ethanol). Efficient epoxidation of indene and selective oxidation of 3,5-dimethylphenol and naphthalene to the corresponding quinones is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana L H Rebelo
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - André M N Silva
- REQUIMTE/UCIBIO, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Craig J Medforth
- REQUIMTE/UCIBIO, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Freire
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
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25
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Lu J, Li H, Liu S, Chang YC, Wu HP, Cheng Y, Wei-Guang Diau E, Wang M. Novel porphyrin-preparation, characterization, and applications in solar energy conversion. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:6885-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05658f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Accelerated inner charge transfer in porphyrins promotes a broad light-harvesting ability up to 840 nm and a conversion efficiency of 9.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Lu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics
- School of Optical and Electronic Information
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics
- School of Optical and Electronic Information
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Shuangshuang Liu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics
- School of Optical and Electronic Information
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Yu-Cheng Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30010
- Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ping Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30010
- Taiwan
| | - Yibing Cheng
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics
- School of Optical and Electronic Information
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
| | - Eric Wei-Guang Diau
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30010
- Taiwan
| | - Mingkui Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics
- School of Optical and Electronic Information
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- P. R. China
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26
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Luo P, Karsenti PL, Brisard G, Marsan B, Harvey PD. Are the orientation and bond strength of the RCO2(-)···M link key factors for ultrafast electron transfers? Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:17305-8. [PMID: 26463512 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06779k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The photo-induced electron transfers in the "straight up" ionic assemblies [Pd3(2+)]···MCP and [Pd3(2+)]···DCP···[Pd3(2+)] ([Pd3(2+)]* → MCP or DCP) are ultrafast (<85 fs) indicating that it is not necessary to have a strong coordination bond or a bent geometry to obtain fast electron injection in porphyrin-containing DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Luo
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada.
| | | | - Gessie Brisard
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada.
| | - Benoit Marsan
- Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 2J6, Canada
| | - Pierre D Harvey
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada.
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