1
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Shchipunov Y. Biomimetic Sol-Gel Chemistry to Tailor Structure, Properties, and Functionality of Bionanocomposites by Biopolymers and Cells. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 17:224. [PMID: 38204077 PMCID: PMC10779932 DOI: 10.3390/ma17010224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Biosilica, synthesized annually only by diatoms, is almost 1000 times more abundant than industrial silica. Biosilicification occurs at a high rate, although the concentration of silicic acid in natural waters is ~100 μM. It occurs in neutral aqueous solutions, at ambient temperature, and under the control of proteins that determine the formation of hierarchically organized structures. Using diatoms as an example, the fundamental differences between biosilicification and traditional sol-gel technology, which is performed with the addition of acid/alkali, organic solvents and heating, have been identified. The conditions are harsh for the biomaterial, as they cause protein denaturation and cell death. Numerous attempts are being made to bring sol-gel technology closer to biomineralization processes. Biomimetic synthesis must be conducted at physiological pH, room temperature, and without the addition of organic solvents. To date, significant progress has been made in approaching these requirements. The review presents a critical analysis of the approaches proposed to date for the silicification of biomacromolecules and cells, the formation of bionanocomposites with controlled structure, porosity, and functionality determined by the biomaterial. They demonstrated the broad capabilities and prospects of biomimetic methods for creating optical and photonic materials, adsorbents, catalysts and biocatalysts, sensors and biosensors, and biomaterials for biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury Shchipunov
- Institute of Chemistry, Far East Department, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
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2
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Bolivar JM, Woodley JM, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Is enzyme immobilization a mature discipline? Some critical considerations to capitalize on the benefits of immobilization. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:6251-6290. [PMID: 35838107 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00083k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme immobilization has been developing since the 1960s and although many industrial biocatalytic processes use the technology to improve enzyme performance, still today we are far from full exploitation of the field. One clear reason is that many evaluate immobilization based on only a few experiments that are not always well-designed. In contrast to many other reviews on the subject, here we highlight the pitfalls of using incorrectly designed immobilization protocols and explain why in many cases sub-optimal results are obtained. We also describe solutions to overcome these challenges and come to the conclusion that recent developments in material science, bioprocess engineering and protein science continue to open new opportunities for the future. In this way, enzyme immobilization, far from being a mature discipline, remains as a subject of high interest and where intense research is still necessary to take full advantage of the possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Bolivar
- FQPIMA group, Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - John M Woodley
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis. ICP-CSIC, C/Marie Curie 2, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain. .,Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, External Scientific Advisory Academic, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Yamaguchi A, Kashimura C, Aizawa M, Shibuya Y. Differential Scanning Calorimetry Study on the Adsorption of Myoglobin at Mesoporous Silicas: Effects of Solution pH and Pore Size. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:22993-23001. [PMID: 32954149 PMCID: PMC7495722 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, pore adsorption behavior of globular myoglobin (Mb) at mesoporous silicas was examined utilizing the low-temperature differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method. The DSC method relies on a decrease in heat of fusion for the pore water upon adsorption of Mb. The amount and structure of Mb adsorbed into the mesoporous silica were examined by DSC and optical absorption spectroscopy. The results indicated that the pore adsorption behavior of Mb strongly depended on the solution pH and pore size of mesoporous silica. For the adsorption of Mb (diameter = 3.5 nm) into mesoporous silica with narrow pores (pore diameter = 3.3 nm) at a pH ranging from 7.0 to 3.7, the penetration of both folded and denatured Mb molecules was confirmed. The folded Mb could penetrate into large mesoporous silica pores (pore diameter = 5.3 and 7.9 nm), whereas the penetration of the denatured Mb molecules was completely inhibited. The distribution of folded Mb at mesoporous silica depended on the pore size; almost all folded Mb molecules located inside mesoporous silica pores of diameters 3.3 and 5.3 nm, whereas the Mb molecules distributed at bot internal and external pore surfaces of mesoporous silica with 7.9 nm in pore diameter. These pore adsorption behaviors suggest that aggregation or stacking of the Mb molecules at the pore entrance regions of the large pores affected the pore adsorption behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Yamaguchi
- Institute
of Quantum Beam Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - Chiharu Kashimura
- Institute
of Quantum Beam Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - Mami Aizawa
- Institute
of Quantum Beam Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - Yuuta Shibuya
- New
Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku
University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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4
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More than a Confinement: “Soft” and “Hard” Enzyme Entrapment Modulates Biological Catalyst Function. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9121024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalysis makes chemical and biochemical reactions kinetically accessible. From a technological point of view, organic, inorganic, and biochemical catalysis is relevant for several applications, from industrial synthesis to biomedical, material, and food sciences. A heterogeneous catalyst, i.e., a catalyst confined in a different phase with respect to the reagents’ phase, requires either its physical confinement in an immobilization matrix or its physical adsorption on a surface. In this review, we will focus on the immobilization of biological catalysts, i.e., enzymes, by comparing hard and soft immobilization matrices and their effect on the modulation of the catalysts’ function. Indeed, unlike smaller molecules, the catalytic activity of protein catalysts depends on their structure, conformation, local environment, and dynamics, properties that can be strongly affected by the immobilization matrices, which, therefore, not only provide physical confinement, but also modulate catalysis.
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5
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Shibuya Y, Katayama K, Akutsu-Suyama K, Yamaguchi A. Continuous Mesoporous Aluminum Oxide Film with Perpendicularly Oriented Mesopore Channels. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:17890-17893. [PMID: 31681898 PMCID: PMC6822217 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous aluminum oxide (MAO) films with perpendicularly oriented cylindrical mesopores (pore diameter: ca. 10 nm) were successfully deposited on a glass substrate by a surfactant-templating approach using aluminum nitrate as an aluminum source. The perpendicular orientation of mesopores was confirmed by grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering and neutron reflection experiments. The thickness of the MAO film was around 100 nm, with a surface roughness of less than 6 nm. Since the inner surface of MAO pores was positively charged, negatively charged glucose oxidase molecules could be densely loaded into the cylindrical mesopores without significant loss of enzymatic activity. The present MAO film is potentially useful as an inorganic host material for an enzyme toward the development of a biocatalytic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuta Shibuya
- New
Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku
University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Kazuya Katayama
- Institute
of Quantum Beam Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Akutsu-Suyama
- Research
Center for Neutron Science and Technology, Comprehensive Research Organization for Science and Society (CROSS), 162-1 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
| | - Akira Yamaguchi
- Institute
of Quantum Beam Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
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6
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Kurzbaum E, Iliasafov L, Kolik L, Starosvetsky J, Bilanovic D, Butnariu M, Armon R. From the Titanic and other shipwrecks to biofilm prevention: The interesting role of polyphenol-protein complexes in biofilm inhibition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 658:1098-1105. [PMID: 30677974 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria attach themselves either reversibly or irreversibly onto practically any surface in aqueous and other environments in order to reproduce, while generating extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) as a supportive structure for biofilm formation. Surfaces with a potential to prevent cellular attachment and aggregation (biofilm) would be extremely useful in environmental, biotechnological, medical and industrial applications. The scientific community is currently focusing on the design of micro- and nano-scale textured surfaces with antibacterial and/or antifouling properties (e.g., filtration membranes). Several serum and tissue proteins promote bacterial adhesion (for example, albumin, fibronectin and fibrinogen), whereas polyphenols form complexes with proteins which change their structural, functional and nutritional properties. For example, tannic acid, a compound composed of polygalloyl glucoses or polygalloyl quinic acid esters and several galloyl moieties, inhibits the growth of many bacterial strains. The present review is based on different nautical archaeology research data, and asks a simple but as yet unanswered question: What is the chemistry that prevents leather biodegradation by environmental bacteria and/or formation of biofilms? Future research should answer these questions, which are highly important for biofilm prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Kurzbaum
- Shamir Research Institute, University of Haifa, P.O. Box 97, Qatzrin 12900, Israel; Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa 3498838, Israel.
| | - Luba Iliasafov
- Faculty of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Luba Kolik
- Faculty of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Jeana Starosvetsky
- Faculty of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Dragoljub Bilanovic
- Environmental, Economics, Earth, and Space Studies, Bemidji State University, Bemidji, MN 56601, USA.
| | - Monica Butnariu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania, Timisoara 300645, Romania
| | - Robert Armon
- Faculty of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.
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7
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Johnson TJ, Gakhar S, Deng Y, Fong K, Risbud SH, Longo ML. Biomembrane-Compatible Sol-Gel-Derived Photocatalytic Titanium Dioxide. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:35664-35672. [PMID: 28948761 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b12673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide gel monoliths were synthesized using an organic precursor and 0-30 vol % ethanol in water. The visible-light-activated proton pump, bacteriorhodopsin, in its native purple membrane form, was successfully encapsulated within the titanium dioxide gels. Absorption spectra showed that the folded functional state of the protein remained intact within gels made with 0 and 15 vol % ethanol and retained the ability to make reversible conformational changes associated with the photocycle within the gel made with 0 vol % ethanol. The photocatalytic activity of gels made with no ethanol was significantly detectable and gels made with 0-30 vol % ethanol were comparable to commercial crystalline nanoparticles in similar solution conditions when irradiated with UV light. Our results show that sol-gel-derived photocatalytic titanium dioxide can be made biocompatible for a membrane-associated protein by minimizing the amount of ethanol and maximizing the amount of water in the synthesis procedure. The entrapment of the membrane protein, bacteriorhodopsin, in sol-gel-derived titanium dioxide provides the first step in future explorations of this bionanocomposite for visible light photocatalysis, including hydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan J. Johnson
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Sukriti Gakhar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Yue Deng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Keiko Fong
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Subhash H Risbud
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Marjorie L Longo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Davis , Davis, California 95616, United States
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8
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Carrasquilla C, Kapteyn E, Li Y, Brennan JD. Sol-Gel-Derived Biohybrid Materials Incorporating Long-Chain DNA Aptamers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:10686-10690. [PMID: 28556430 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201702859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Sol-gel-derived bio/inorganic hybrid materials have been examined for diverse applications, including biosensing, affinity chromatography and drug discovery. However, such materials have mostly been restricted to the interaction between entrapped biorecognition elements and small molecules, owing to the requirement for nanometer-scale mesopores in the matrix to retain entrapped biorecognition elements. Herein, we report on a new class of macroporous bio/inorganic hybrids, engineered through a high-throughput materials screening approach, that entrap micron-sized concatemeric DNA aptamers. We demonstrate that the entrapment of these long-chain DNA aptamers allows their retention within the macropores of the silica material, so that aptamers can interact with high molecular weight targets such as proteins. Our approach overcomes the major limitation of previous sol-gel-derived biohybrid materials by enabling molecular recognition for targets beyond small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Carrasquilla
- Biointerfaces Institute and the Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 0A3, Canada), or
| | - Emily Kapteyn
- Biointerfaces Institute and the Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 0A3, Canada), or
| | - Yingfu Li
- Biointerfaces Institute and the Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 0A3, Canada), or
| | - John D Brennan
- Biointerfaces Institute and the Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 0A3, Canada), or
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9
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Carrasquilla C, Kapteyn E, Li Y, Brennan JD. Sol-Gel-Derived Biohybrid Materials Incorporating Long-Chain DNA Aptamers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201702859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Carrasquilla
- Biointerfaces Institute and the Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences; McMaster University; 1280 Main Street West Hamilton ON L8S 0A3 Canada), or
| | - Emily Kapteyn
- Biointerfaces Institute and the Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences; McMaster University; 1280 Main Street West Hamilton ON L8S 0A3 Canada), or
| | - Yingfu Li
- Biointerfaces Institute and the Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences; McMaster University; 1280 Main Street West Hamilton ON L8S 0A3 Canada), or
| | - John D. Brennan
- Biointerfaces Institute and the Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences; McMaster University; 1280 Main Street West Hamilton ON L8S 0A3 Canada), or
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10
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Abstract
Effective entrapment of enzymes in solid phase materials is critical to their practical application. The entrapment generally stabilizes biological activity compared to soluble molecules and the material simplifies catalyst integration compared to other methods. A silica sol-gel process based upon biological mechanisms of inorganic material formation (biomineralization) supports protein immobilization reactions within minutes. The material has high protein binding capacity and the catalytic activity of the enzyme is retained. We have demonstrated that both oligopeptides and selected proteins will mediate the biomineralization of silica and allow effective co-encapsulation of other proteins present in the reaction mixture. The detailed methods described here provide a simple and effective approach for molecular biologists, biochemists and bioengineers to create stable, solid phase biocatalysts that may be integrated within sensors, synthetic processes, reactive barriers, energy conversion, and other biotechnology concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn R Johnson
- Hexpoint Technologies, 503 Maryland Boulevard, Mexico Beach, FL, 32456, USA
- Co-located at the Air Force Civil Engineer, Tyndall AFB, FL, 32403, USA
| | - Heather R Luckarift
- Universal Technology Corporation, 1270 N. Fairfield Road, Dayton, OH, 45432, USA.
- Co-located at the Air Force Civil Engineer, Tyndall AFB, FL, 32403, USA.
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11
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Yamaguchi A, Nasu K, Wakaume N, Shibuya Y, Kijima J, Itoh T. Stability of Hairpin Structure of (CCG)4 Trinucleotide Repeats inside Amine-functionalized Silica Mesopores. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.160835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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12
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Tudisco C, Zolubas G, Seoane B, Zafarani HR, Kazemzad M, Gascon J, Hagedoorn PL, Rassaei L. Covalent immobilization of glucose oxidase on amino MOFs via post-synthetic modification. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19976c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Post Synthetic Modification (PSM) of amino-metal organic frameworks (NH2-MOFs) with the enzyme Glucose Oxidase (GOx) is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Tudisco
- Department of Chemical Science
- University of Catania and INSTM UdR of Catania
- 95125 Catania
- Italy
- Laboratory of Organic Materials and Interfaces
| | - G. Zolubas
- Laboratory of Organic Materials and Interfaces
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Delft University of Technology
- 2628 BL Delft
- The Netherlands
| | - B. Seoane
- Catalysis Engineering Section
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Delft University of Technology
- 2628 BL Delft
- The Netherlands
| | - H. R. Zafarani
- Laboratory of Organic Materials and Interfaces
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Delft University of Technology
- 2628 BL Delft
- The Netherlands
| | - M. Kazemzad
- Laboratory of Organic Materials and Interfaces
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Delft University of Technology
- 2628 BL Delft
- The Netherlands
| | - J. Gascon
- Catalysis Engineering Section
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Delft University of Technology
- 2628 BL Delft
- The Netherlands
| | - P.-L. Hagedoorn
- Department of Biotechnology
- Delft University of Technology
- 2628 BC Delft
- The Netherlands
| | - L. Rassaei
- Laboratory of Organic Materials and Interfaces
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Delft University of Technology
- 2628 BL Delft
- The Netherlands
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13
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Savage TJ, Dunphy DR, Harbaugh S, Kelley-Loughnane N, Harper JC, Brinker CJ. Influence of Silica Matrix Composition and Functional Component Additives on the Bioactivity and Viability of Encapsulated Living Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2015; 1:1231-1238. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Travis J. Savage
- Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
| | - Darren R. Dunphy
- Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
| | - Svetlana Harbaugh
- Air
Force Research Laboratory, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Nancy Kelley-Loughnane
- Air
Force Research Laboratory, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | | | - C. Jeffrey Brinker
- Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
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14
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Immobilization of membrane-bounded (S)-mandelate dehydrogenase in sol–gel matrix for electroenzymatic synthesis. Bioelectrochemistry 2015; 104:65-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Raja DS, Liu WL, Huang HY, Lin CH. Immobilization of Protein on Nanoporous Metal-Organic Framework Materials. COMMENT INORG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/02603594.2015.1059827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Zeno WF, Hilt S, Risbud SH, Voss JC, Longo ML. Spectroscopic Characterization of Structural Changes in Membrane Scaffold Proteins Entrapped within Mesoporous Silica Gel Monoliths. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:8640-8649. [PMID: 25849085 PMCID: PMC5522711 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b00898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The changes in the orientation and conformation of three different membrane scaffold proteins (MSPs) upon entrapment in sol-gel-derived mesoporous silica monoliths were investigated. MSPs were examined in either a lipid-free or a lipid-bound conformation, where the proteins were associated with lipids to form nanolipoprotein particles (NLPs). NLPs are water-soluble, disk-shaped patches of a lipid bilayer that have amphiphilic MSPs shielding the hydrophobic lipid tails. The NLPs in this work had an average thickness of 5 nm and diameters of 9.2, 9.7, and 14.8 nm. We have previously demonstrated that NLPs are more suitable lipid-based structures for silica gel entrapment than liposomes because of their size compatibility with the mesoporous network (2-50 nm) and minimally altered structure after encapsulation. Here we further elaborate on that work by using a variety of spectroscopic techniques to elucidate whether or not different MSPs maintain their protein-lipid interactions after encapsulation. Fluorescence spectroscopy and quenching of the tryptophan residues with acrylamide, 5-DOXYL-stearic acid, and 16-DOXYL-stearic acid were used to determine the MSP orientation. We also utilized fluorescence anisotropy of tryptophans to measure the relative size of the NLPs and MSP aggregates after entrapment. Finally, circular dichroism spectroscopy was used to examine the secondary structure of the MSPs. Our results showed that, after entrapment, all of the lipid-bound MSPs maintained orientations that were minimally changed and indicative of association with lipids in NLPs. The tryptophan residues appeared to remain buried within the hydrophobic core of the lipid tails in the NLPs and appropriately spaced from the bilayer center. Also, after entrapment, lipid-bound MSPs maintained a high degree of α-helical content, a secondary structure associated with protein-lipid interactions. These findings demonstrate that NLPs are capable of serving as viable hosts for functional integral membrane proteins in the synthesis of sol-gel-derived bioinorganic hybrid nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wade F. Zeno
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California Davis, Davis, California, 95616
| | - Silvia Hilt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, 95616
| | - Subhash H. Risbud
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California Davis, Davis, California, 95616
| | - John C. Voss
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, 95616
| | - Marjorie L. Longo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California Davis, Davis, California, 95616
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17
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Preparation and Tribological Study of Biodegradable Lubrication Films on Si Substrate. MATERIALS 2015; 8:1738-1751. [PMID: 28788029 PMCID: PMC5507024 DOI: 10.3390/ma8041738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel method for preparing eco-biodegradable lubricant based on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) via hydration process is demonstrated. The smooth and homogeneous HPMC coating has a uniform thickness (~35 μm). It has been demonstrated that the preparation parameters play a critical role in controlling the lubricating behavior of the coating; in addition, excess HPMC and water concentration suppress the tribology properties. Nevertheless, a remarkable friction-reduction and anti-wear performance has been obtained. Impressively, the preparation parameter of 5% HPMC + 30 mL water significantly improves lubricant performance and durability. A simple approach for the water-degradability evaluation of HPMC is proposed.
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18
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Shieh FK, Wang SC, Yen CI, Wu CC, Dutta S, Chou LY, Morabito JV, Hu P, Hsu MH, Wu KCW, Tsung CK. Imparting Functionality to Biocatalysts via Embedding Enzymes into Nanoporous Materials by a de Novo Approach: Size-Selective Sheltering of Catalase in Metal–Organic Framework Microcrystals. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:4276-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja513058h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 574] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Kuen Shieh
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Chung-Li 32001, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Chung-Li 32001, Taiwan
| | - Chia-I Yen
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Chung-Li 32001, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Cheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Chung-Li 32001, Taiwan
| | - Saikat Dutta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Lien-Yang Chou
- Department
of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Joseph V. Morabito
- Department
of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Pan Hu
- Department
of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Ming-Hua Hsu
- Nuclear Science & Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Kevin C.-W. Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Kuang Tsung
- Department
of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
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19
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Zeno WF, Hilt S, Aravagiri K, Risbud SH, Voss JC, Parikh AN, Longo ML. Analysis of lipid phase behavior and protein conformational changes in nanolipoprotein particles upon entrapment in sol-gel-derived silica. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:9780-9788. [PMID: 25062385 PMCID: PMC4140539 DOI: 10.1021/la5025058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The entrapment of nanolipoprotein particles (NLPs) and liposomes in transparent, nanoporous silica gel derived from the precursor tetramethylorthosilicate was investigated. NLPs are discoidal patches of lipid bilayer that are belted by amphiphilic scaffold proteins and have an average thickness of 5 nm. The NLPs in this work had a diameter of roughly 15 nm and utilized membrane scaffold protein (MSP), a genetically altered variant of apolipoprotein A-I. Liposomes have previously been examined inside of silica sol-gels and have been shown to exhibit instability. This is attributed to their size (∼150 nm) and altered structure and constrained lipid dynamics upon entrapment within the nanometer-scale pores (5-50 nm) of the silica gel. By contrast, the dimensional match of NLPs with the intrinsic pore sizes of silica gel opens the possibility for their entrapment without disruption. Here we demonstrate that NLPs are more compatible with the nanometer-scale size of the porous environment by analysis of lipid phase behavior via fluorescence anisotropy and analysis of scaffold protein secondary structure via circular dichroism spectroscopy. Our results showed that the lipid phase behavior of NLPs entrapped inside of silica gel display closer resemblance to its solution behavior, more so than liposomes, and that the MSP in the NLPs maintain the high degree of α-helix secondary structure associated with functional protein-lipid interactions after entrapment. We also examined the effects of residual methanol on lipid phase behavior and the size of NLPs and found that it exerts different influences in solution and in silica gel; unlike in free solution, silica entrapment may be inhibiting NLP size increase and/or aggregation. These findings set precedence for a bioinorganic hybrid nanomaterial that could incorporate functional integral membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wade F. Zeno
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Department of
Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University
of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Silvia Hilt
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Department of
Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University
of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Kannan
K. Aravagiri
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Department of
Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University
of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Subhash H. Risbud
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Department of
Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University
of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - John C. Voss
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Department of
Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University
of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Atul N. Parikh
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Department of
Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University
of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Marjorie L. Longo
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Department of
Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University
of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
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20
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Lin H, Zhang W, Jia S, Guan Z, Yang CJ, Zhu Z. Microfluidic approaches to rapid and efficient aptamer selection. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2014; 8:041501. [PMID: 25379085 PMCID: PMC4189129 DOI: 10.1063/1.4890542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
With their advantages as molecular recognition elements, aptamers have been extensively studied and used for bioanalytical and biomedical applications. However, the process of enrichment and screening of aptamers remains a bottleneck for aptamer development. Recently, microfluidic methods have been increasingly used for rapid and efficient aptamer selection, showing their remarkable advantages over conventional methods. This review briefly introduces aptamers and their advantages. The conventional process of generating aptamers is discussed, followed by the analysis of the key obstacles to efficient aptamer selection. Microfluidic methods for highly efficient enrichment and screening of aptamers are reviewed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lin
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiting Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Shasha Jia
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichao Guan
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoyong James Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Zhu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
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21
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Forsberg EM, Sicard C, Brennan JD. Solid-phase biological assays for drug discovery. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2014; 7:337-359. [PMID: 25000820 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-071213-020241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the past 30 years, there has been a significant growth in the use of solid-phase assays in the area of drug discovery, with a range of new assays being used for both soluble and membrane-bound targets. In this review, we provide some basic background to typical drug targets and immobilization protocols used in solid-phase biological assays (SPBAs) for drug discovery, with emphasis on particularly labile biomolecular targets such as kinases and membrane-bound receptors, and highlight some of the more recent approaches for producing protein microarrays, bioaffinity columns, and other devices that are central to small molecule screening by SPBA. We then discuss key applications of such assays to identify drug leads, with an emphasis on the screening of mixtures. We conclude by highlighting specific advantages and potential disadvantages of SPBAs, particularly as they relate to particular assay formats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica M Forsberg
- Biointerfaces Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada;
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22
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Hofmann CM, Essner JB, Baker GA, Baker SN. Protein-templated gold nanoclusters sequestered within sol-gel thin films for the selective and ratiometric luminescence recognition of Hg2+. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:5425-5431. [PMID: 24714822 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr00610k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Sequestration of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-stabilized gold nanoclusters (AuNCs@BSA) prepared using microwave assistance within sol-gel-derived mesoporous silica films permits the selective and highly sensitive quenchometric detection of aqueous Hg(2+) (limit of detection = 600 pM) with luminescence signal arising from oxidized BSA allowing for an analytically robust and reliable ratiometric detection. Overall, this work highlights a number of important advances, including the highest luminescence quantum yield reported to date for a protein-templated luminescent noble metal nanocluster (13%) made possible using a microwave-mediated synthesis followed by cold incubation. We also demonstrate the clear advantage of exploiting the luminescence signal arising from oxidized BSA as an internal reference to generate selectivity of response to Hg(2+). A careful Stern-Volmer quenching analysis reveals the persistence of two unique quenching sites for AuNCs@BSA entrapped within a sol-gel-derived glass, a minor population of which is unquenchable. Finally, based on these AuNCs@BSA nanosensors, we advise a path forward for paper-based indicator strip detection of heavy metals in aqueous streams, the implementation of which can be performed using the unaided eye, making it a meaningful approach for routine screening and in resource-limited situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie M Hofmann
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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23
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Kerkhofs S, Leroux F, Allouche L, Mellaerts R, Jammaer J, Aerts A, Kirschhock CEA, Magusin PCMM, Taulelle F, Bals S, Van Tendeloo G, Martens JA. Single-step alcohol-free synthesis of core–shell nanoparticles of β-casein micelles and silica. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03252g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Casein is wrapped in a thin shell of SiO2 under biocompatible conditions forming hybrid core–shell nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stef Kerkhofs
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis
- KU Leuven
- Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Frederic Leroux
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT)
- UAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Lionel Allouche
- Service de R.M.N
- Institut de Chimie
- Université de Strasbourg
- France
| | - Randy Mellaerts
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis
- KU Leuven
- Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Jasper Jammaer
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis
- KU Leuven
- Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Alexander Aerts
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis
- KU Leuven
- Heverlee, Belgium
| | | | | | - Francis Taulelle
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis
- KU Leuven
- Heverlee, Belgium
- Tectospin
- Institut Lavoisier
| | - Sara Bals
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT)
- UAntwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Johan A. Martens
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis
- KU Leuven
- Heverlee, Belgium
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24
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Carrasquilla C, Brennan JD. Functional nucleic acid entrapment in sol-gel derived materials. Methods 2013; 63:255-65. [PMID: 24025165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional nucleic acids (FNAs) are single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules, typically generated through in vitro selection, that have the ability to act as receptors for target molecules (aptamers) or perform catalysis of a chemical reaction (deoxyribozymes and ribozymes). Fluorescence-signaling aptamers and deoxyribozymes have recently emerged as promising biological recognition and signaling elements, although little has been done to evaluate their potential for solid-phase assays, particularly with species made of RNA due to their lack of chemical stability and susceptibility to nuclease attack. Herein, we present a detailed overview of the methods utilized for solid-phase immobilization of FNAs using a sol-gel entrapment method that can provide protection from nuclease degradation and impart long-term chemical stability to the FNA reporter systems, while maintaining their signaling capabilities. This article will also provide a brief review of the results of such entrapment studies involving fluorescence-signaling versions of a DNA aptamer, selected RNA-cleaving deoxyribozymes, and two different RNA aptamers in a series of sol-gel derived composites, ranging from highly polar silica to hydrophobic methylsilsesquioxane-based materials. Given the ability to produce sol-gel derived materials in a variety of configurations, particularly as thin film coatings on electrodes, optical fibers, and other devices, this entrapment method should provide a useful platform for numerous solid-phase FNA-based biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Carrasquilla
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
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25
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Urbanova V, Kohring GW, Klein T, Wang Z, Mert O, Emrullahoglu M, Buran K, Demir AS, Etienne M, Walcarius A. Sol-gel Approaches for Elaboration of Polyol Dehydrogenase-Based Bioelectrodes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1524/zpch.2013.0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
This review describes the input of sol-gel chemistry to the immobilization of polyol dehydrogenases on electrodes, for applications in bioelectrocatalysis. The polyol dehydrogenases are described and their application for biosensing, biofuel cell and electrosynthesis are briefly discussed. The immobilization of proteins via sol-gel approaches is described, including a discussion on the difficulty to maintain the activity of proteins in a silica matrix and the strategies developed to offer a proper environment to the proteins by developing optimal organic-inorganic hybrid materials. Finally, the co-immobilization of the NAD
+
co-factor and of mediators for the elaboration of reagentless devices is presented, based on published and original data. All-in-all, sol-gel approaches appear to be a very promising for development of original electrochemical applications involving dehydrogenases in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Urbanova
- CNRS and Université de Lorraine, Lab. de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie, Villers-les-Nancy, Frankreich
| | | | - Tobias Klein
- Saarland University, Microbiology, Saarbrücken, Deutschland
| | - Zhijie Wang
- CNRS and Université de Lorraine, Lab. de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie, Villers-les-Nancy, Frankreich
| | - Olcay Mert
- Middle East Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Ankara, Türkei
| | | | - Kerem Buran
- Middle East Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Ankara, Türkei
| | - Ayhan S. Demir
- Middle East Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Ankara, Türkei
| | | | - Alain Walcarius
- CNRS and Université de Lorraine, Lab. de Chemie Physique et Microbiologie, Villers-les-Nancy, Frankreich
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26
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Moreau T, Depagne C, Suissa G, Gouzi H, Coradin T. Preparation of aqueous sol-gel silica and titania multi-layered thin films and their evaluation as biomolecular encapsulation hosts. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:1235-1240. [PMID: 32260795 DOI: 10.1039/c2tb00417h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multi-layered silica and titania thin films were prepared via an aqueous sol-gel route. The titania layers could efficiently entrap anti-HRP antibodies and showed increase in stability upon ageing, up to 2 months. Specific activity of the entrapped antibodies could be monitored in a reliable manner over one week. The silica films showed lower performances, as a probable consequence of large pore size. Increase in the titania precursor (TiBALDH) concentration and addition of glycerol allowed the design of tri-enzymatic multi-layered systems for the detection of lactose. The multilayer approach showed higher robustness than the co-immobilization of the enzymes in a single layer. This process is simple, solvent-free and flexible, opening the route to multi-biofunctional materials at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Moreau
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, F-75005 Paris, France.
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27
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Immobilization of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase in silica-based hydrogels: A comparative study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2012.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Ou J, Lin H, Zhang Z, Huang G, Dong J, Zou H. Recent advances in preparation and application of hybrid organic-silica monolithic capillary columns. Electrophoresis 2012; 34:126-40. [PMID: 23161325 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 10/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-silica monolithic columns, regarded as a second generation of silica-based monoliths, have received much interest due to their unique properties over the pure silica-based monoliths. This review mainly focuses on development in the fields of preparation of hybrid monolithic columns in a capillary and their application for CEC and capillary liquid chromatography separation, as well as for sample pretreatment of solid-phase microextraction and immobilized enzyme reactor since July 2010. The preparation approaches are comprehensively summarized with three routes: (i) general sol-gel process using trialkoxysilanes and tetraalkoxysilanes as coprecursors; (ii) "one-pot" process of alkoxysilanes and organic monomers concomitantly proceeding sol-gel chemistry and free radical polymerization; and (iii) other polymerization approaches of organic monomers containing silanes. The modification of hybrid monoliths containing reactive groups to acquire the desired surface functionality is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China.
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29
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Harper-Leatherman AS, Iftikhar M, Ndoi A, Scappaticci SJ, Lisi GP, Buzard KL, Garvey EM. Simplified procedure for encapsulating cytochrome c in silica aerogel nanoarchitectures while retaining gas-phase bioactivity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:14756-65. [PMID: 22924640 DOI: 10.1021/la3011025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome c (cyt. c) has been encapsulated in silica sol-gels and processed to form bioaerogels with gas-phase activity for nitric oxide through a simplified synthetic procedure. Previous reports demonstrated a need to adsorb cyt. c to metal nanoparticles prior to silica sol-gel encapsulation and processing to form aerogels. We report that cyt. c can be encapsulated in aerogels without added nanoparticles and retain structural stability and gas-phase activity for nitric oxide. While the UV-visible Soret absorbance and nitric oxide response indicate that cyt. c encapsulated with nanoparticles in aerogels remains slightly more stable and functional than cyt. c encapsulated alone, these properties are not very different in the two types of aerogels. From UV-visible and Soret circular dichroism results, we infer that cyt. c encapsulated alone self-organizes to reduce contact with the silica gel in a way that may bear at least some resemblance to the way cyt. c self-organizes into superstructures of protein within aerogels when nanoparticles are present. Both the buffer concentration and the cyt. c concentration of solutions used to synthesize the bioaerogels affect the structural integrity of the protein encapsulated alone within the dried aerogels. Optimized bioaerogels are formed when cyt. c is encapsulated from 40 mM phosphate buffered solutions, and when the loaded cyt. c concentration in the aerogel is in the range of 5 to 15 μM. Increased viability of cyt. c in aerogels is also observed when supercritical fluid used to produce aerogels is vented over relatively long times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda S Harper-Leatherman
- Chemistry & Biochemistry Department, Fairfield University, 1073 North Benson Road, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA.
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30
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Calleri E, Ambrosini S, Temporini C, Massolini G. New monolithic chromatographic supports for macromolecules immobilization: Challenges and opportunities. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 69:64-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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31
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Multi-length scale evaluation of the temperature-tunable mechanical properties of a lyotropic mesophase. Polym J 2012. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2012.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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32
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Carrasquilla C, Lau PS, Li Y, Brennan JD. Stabilizing structure-switching signaling RNA aptamers by entrapment in sol-gel derived materials for solid-phase assays. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:10998-1005. [PMID: 22724553 DOI: 10.1021/ja304064a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Structure-switching, fluorescence-signaling DNA and RNA aptamers have been reported as highly versatile molecular recognition elements for biosensor development. While structure-switching DNA aptamers have been utilized for solid-phase sensing, equivalent RNA aptamers have yet to be successfully utilized in solid-phase sensors due to their lack of chemical stability and susceptibility to nuclease attack. In this study, we examined entrapment into sol-gel derived organic-inorganic composite materials as a platform for immobilization of structure-switching fluorescence-signaling RNA aptamer reporters, using both the synthetic theophylline- and naturally occurring thiamine pyrophosphate-binding RNA aptamers as test cases. Structure-switching versions of both aptamers were entrapped into a series of sol-gel derived composites, ranging from highly polar silica to hydrophobic methylsilsesquioxane-based materials, and the target-binding and signaling capabilities of these immobilized aptamers were assessed relative to solution. Both immobilized aptamers demonstrated sensitivity and selectivity similar to that of free aptamers when entrapped in a composite material derived from 40% (v/v) methyltrimethoxysilane/tetramethoxysilane. Importantly, this material also conferred protection from nuclease degradation and imparted long-term chemical stability to the RNA reporter systems. Given the versatility of sol-gel entrapment for development of biosensors, microarrays, bioaffinity columns, and other devices, this entrapment method should provide a useful platform for numerous solid-phase RNA aptamer-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Carrasquilla
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8S 4M1
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33
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Tiwari I, Singh KP. Composite materials based on ormosil for the construction of electrochemical sensors and biosensors. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363212010264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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34
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Otzen D. The role of proteins in biosilicification. SCIENTIFICA 2012; 2012:867562. [PMID: 24278750 PMCID: PMC3820600 DOI: 10.6064/2012/867562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Although the use of silicon dioxide (silica) as a constituent of living organisms is mainly restricted to diatoms and sponges, the ways in which this process is controlled by nature continue to inspire and fascinate. Both diatoms and sponges carry out biosilificiation using an organic matrix but they adopt very different strategies. Diatoms use small and heavily modified peptides called silaffins, where the most characteristic feature is a modulation of charge by attaching long chain polyamines (LCPAs) to lysine groups. Free LCPAs can also cooperate with silaffins. Sponges use the enzyme silicatein which is homologous to the cysteine protease cathepsin. Both classes of proteins form higher-order structures which act both as structural templates and mechanistic catalysts for the polycondensation reaction. In both cases, additional proteins are continuously being discovered which modulate the process further. This paper concentrates on the role of these proteins in the biosilification process as well as in various applications, highlighting areas where focus on specific protein properties may provide further insight. The field of biosilification is a crossroads of different disciplines, where insight into the energetics and mechanisms of molecular self-assembly combine with fundamental biology, complex multicomponent colloidal systems, and an impressive array of potential technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Otzen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Center for Insoluble Protein Structures (inSPIN), and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- *Daniel Otzen:
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35
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Chen H, Cao X, Zhang J, Zhang J, Ma Y, Shi G, Ke Y, Tong D, Jiang L. Electrospun shape memory film with reversible fibrous structure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm33970f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Electrochemically assisted deposition of sol–gel bio-composite with co-immobilized dehydrogenase and diaphorase. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.05.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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37
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Baca HK, Carnes EC, Ashley CE, Lopez DM, Douthit C, Karlin S, Brinker CJ. Cell-directed-assembly: directing the formation of nano/bio interfaces and architectures with living cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2011; 1810:259-67. [PMID: 20933574 PMCID: PMC3090153 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2010.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2009] [Revised: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 09/29/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The desire to immobilize, encapsulate, or entrap viable cells for use in a variety of applications has been explored for decades. Traditionally, the approach is to immobilize cells to utilize a specific functionality of the cell in the system. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review describes our recent discovery that living cells can organize extended nanostructures and nano-objects to create a highly biocompatible nano//bio interface [1]. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS We find that short chain phospholipids direct the formation of thin film silica mesophases during evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) [2], and that the introduction of cells alter the self-assembly pathway. Cells organize an ordered lipid-membrane that forms a coherent interface with the silica mesophase that is unique in that it withstands drying-yet it maintains accessibility to molecules introduced into the 3D silica host. Cell viability is preserved in the absence of buffer, making these constructs useful as standalone cell-based sensors. In response to hyperosmotic stress, the cells release water, creating a pH gradient which is maintained within the nanostructured host and serves to localize lipids, proteins, plasmids, lipidized nanocrystals, and other components at the cellular surface. This active organization of the bio/nano interface can be accomplished during ink-jet printing or selective wetting-processes allowing patterning of cellular arrays-and even spatially-defined genetic modification. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Recent advances in the understanding of nanotechnology and cell biology encourage the pursuit of more complex endeavors where the dynamic interactions of the cell and host material act symbiotically to obtain new, useful functions. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Nanotechnologies - Emerging Applications in Biomedicine.
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Sol-Gel Entrapped Levonorgestrel Antibodies: Activity and Structural Changes as a Function of Different Polymer Formats. MATERIALS 2011; 4:469-486. [PMID: 28880001 PMCID: PMC5448502 DOI: 10.3390/ma4030469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The paper describes development of a sol-gel based immunoaffinity method for the steroid hormone levonorgestrel (LNG) and the effects of changes in the sol-gel matrix format on the activity of the entrapped antibodies (Abs) and on matrix structure. The best sol-gel format for Ab entrapment was found to be a tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) based matrix at a TMOS:water ratio of 1:8, containing 10% polyethylene glycol (PEG) of MW 0.4 kDa. Addition of higher percentages of PEG or a higher MW PEG did not improve activity. No activity was obtained with a TMOS:water ratio of 1:12, most likely because of the very dense polymer that resulted from these polymerization conditions. Only minor differences in the non-specific binding were obtained with the various formats. TMOS was found to be more effective than tetrakis (2-hydroxyethyl)orthosilicate (THEOS) for entrapment of anti-levonorgestrel (LNG) Abs. However, aging the THEOS-based sol-gel for a few weeks at 4 °C stabilized the entrapped Abs and increased its binding capacity. Confocal fluorescent microscopy with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeled immunoglobulines (IgGs) entrapped in the sol-gel matrix showed that the entrapped Abs were distributed homogenously within the gel. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images have shown the diverse structures of the various sol-gel formats and precursors.
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Johnson GR, Luckarift HR. Enzyme stabilization via bio-templated silicification reactions. Methods Mol Biol 2011; 679:85-97. [PMID: 20865390 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-895-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Effective entrapment of enzymes in solid-phase materials is critical to their practical application. The entrapment generally stabilizes biological activity compared to soluble molecules and the material simplifies catalyst integration significantly. A silica sol-gel process based upon biological mechanisms of inorganic material formation (biomineralization) supports protein immobilization reactions within minutes. The material has high protein binding capacity and the catalytic activity of the enzyme is retained. We have demonstrated that both oligopeptides and selected proteins will mediate the biomineralization of silica and allow effective co-encapsulation of other proteins present in the reaction mixture. The detailed methods described here provide a simple and effective approach for molecular biologists, biochemists, and bioengineers to create stable, solid-phase biocatalysts that may be integrated within sensors, synthetic processes, reactive barriers, energy conversion materials, and other biotechnology concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn R Johnson
- Microbiology and Applied Biochemistry, Air Force Research Laboratory, Tyndall Air Force Base, Panama, FL, USA
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Critical Effect of Polyelectrolytes on the Electrochemical Response of Dehydrogenases Entrapped in Sol-Gel Thin Films. ELECTROANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201000079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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41
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Wang B, Liu P, Tang R. Cellular shellization: Surface engineering gives cells an exterior. Bioessays 2010; 32:698-708. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.200900120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Mahato M, Pal P, Kamilya T, Sarkar R, Chaudhuri A, Talapatra GB. Influence of KCl on the interfacial activity and conformation of hemoglobin studied by Langmuir–Blodgett technique. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:12997-3006. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp00344a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Mahato M, Pal P, Kamilya T, Sarkar R, Talapatra GB. pH Induced Structural Modulation and Interfacial Activity of Hemoglobin at the Air/Water Interface. J Phys Chem B 2009; 114:495-502. [DOI: 10.1021/jp908081r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mrityunjoy Mahato
- Department of Spectroscopy, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India, and Department of Physics, Narajole Raj College, Narajole, Paschim Medinipur-721211, India
| | - Prabir Pal
- Department of Spectroscopy, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India, and Department of Physics, Narajole Raj College, Narajole, Paschim Medinipur-721211, India
| | - Tapanendu Kamilya
- Department of Spectroscopy, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India, and Department of Physics, Narajole Raj College, Narajole, Paschim Medinipur-721211, India
| | - Ratan Sarkar
- Department of Spectroscopy, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India, and Department of Physics, Narajole Raj College, Narajole, Paschim Medinipur-721211, India
| | - G. B. Talapatra
- Department of Spectroscopy, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India, and Department of Physics, Narajole Raj College, Narajole, Paschim Medinipur-721211, India
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Salazar-Hernández MM, Leyva-Ramírez MA, Gutiérrez JA. Neutral alkoxysilanes from silica gel and N-phenyldiethanolamine. Polyhedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2009.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Dattelbaum AM, Baker GA, Fox JM, Iyer S, Dattelbaum JD. PEGylation of a Maltose Biosensor Promotes Enhanced Signal Response When Immobilized in a Silica Sol−Gel. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 20:2381-4. [DOI: 10.1021/bc900341s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Dattelbaum
- Department of Chemistry, University of Richmond, Gottwald Center for the Sciences, 28 Westhampton Way, Richmond, Virginia 23173, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Lab, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, and Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - Gary A. Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Richmond, Gottwald Center for the Sciences, 28 Westhampton Way, Richmond, Virginia 23173, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Lab, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, and Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - John M. Fox
- Department of Chemistry, University of Richmond, Gottwald Center for the Sciences, 28 Westhampton Way, Richmond, Virginia 23173, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Lab, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, and Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - Srinivas Iyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Richmond, Gottwald Center for the Sciences, 28 Westhampton Way, Richmond, Virginia 23173, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Lab, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, and Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - Jonathan D. Dattelbaum
- Department of Chemistry, University of Richmond, Gottwald Center for the Sciences, 28 Westhampton Way, Richmond, Virginia 23173, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Lab, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, and Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
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Carnes EC, Harper JC, Ashley CE, Lopez DM, Brinker LM, Liu J, Singh S, Brozik SM, Brinker CJ. Cell-Directed Localization and Orientation of a Functional Foreign Transmembrane Protein within a Silica Nanostructure. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:14255-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja906055m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric C. Carnes
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106
| | - Jason C. Harper
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106
| | - Carlee E. Ashley
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106
| | - DeAnna M. Lopez
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106
| | - Lina M. Brinker
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106
| | - Seema Singh
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106
| | - Susan M. Brozik
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106
| | - C. Jeffrey Brinker
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106
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Esquembre R, Poveda JA, Mateo CR. Biophysical and Functional Characterization of an Ion Channel Peptide Confined in a Sol−Gel Matrix. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:7534-40. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9019443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Esquembre
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular. Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, 03202 Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - José Antonio Poveda
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular. Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, 03202 Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - C. Reyes Mateo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular. Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, 03202 Elche (Alicante), Spain
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Bioactive enzyme–metal composites: The entrapment of acid phosphatase within gold and silver. Biomaterials 2009; 30:1263-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2008] [Accepted: 11/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bassindale AR, Taylor PG, Abbate V, Brandstadt KF. Simple and mild preparation of silica-enzyme composites from silicic acid solution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b916412j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ye F, Collinson MM, Higgins DA. What can be learned from single molecule spectroscopy? Applications to sol-gel-derived silica materials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 11:66-82. [PMID: 19081909 DOI: 10.1039/b812924j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Single molecule spectroscopic methods are now being widely employed to probe the nanometer scale properties of sol-gel-derived silica materials. This article reviews a subset of the recent literature in this area and provides salient examples of the new information that can be obtained. The materials covered include inorganic and organically-modified silica, along with surfactant-templated mesoporous materials. Studies of molecule-matrix interactions based on ionic, hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions are reviewed, highlighting the impacts of these interactions on mass transport phenomena. Quantitative investigations of molecular diffusion by single molecule tracking and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy are also covered, focusing on the characterization of anisotropic and hindered diffusion in mesoporous systems. Single molecule polarity studies are described and the new information that can be obtained from the resulting inhomogeneous distributions is discussed. Likewise, single molecule studies of silica acidity properties are reviewed, including observation of nanoscale buffering phenomena due to the chemistry of surface silanols. Finally, related single nanoparticle studies of macroporous silicas are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmao Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, KS, 66506, Manhattan, USA
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