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Ariga K, Song J, Kawakami K. Molecular machines working at interfaces: physics, chemistry, evolution and nanoarchitectonics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:13532-13560. [PMID: 38654597 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00724g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
As a post-nanotechnology concept, nanoarchitectonics combines nanotechnology with advanced materials science. Molecular machines made by assembling molecular units and their organizational bodies are also products of nanoarchitectonics. They can be regarded as the smallest functional materials. Originally, studies on molecular machines analyzed the average properties of objects dispersed in solution by spectroscopic methods. Researchers' playgrounds partially shifted to solid interfaces, because high-resolution observation of molecular machines is usually done on solid interfaces under high vacuum and cryogenic conditions. Additionally, to ensure the practical applicability of molecular machines, operation under ambient conditions is necessary. The latter conditions are met in dynamic interfacial environments such as the surface of water at room temperature. According to these backgrounds, this review summarizes the trends of molecular machines that continue to evolve under the concept of nanoarchitectonics in interfacial environments. Some recent examples of molecular machines in solution are briefly introduced first, which is followed by an overview of studies of molecular machines and similar supramolecular structures in various interfacial environments. The interfacial environments are classified into (i) solid interfaces, (ii) liquid interfaces, and (iii) various material and biological interfaces. Molecular machines are expanding their activities from the static environment of a solid interface to the more dynamic environment of a liquid interface. Molecular machines change their field of activity while maintaining their basic functions and induce the accumulation of individual molecular machines into macroscopic physical properties molecular machines through macroscopic mechanical motions can be employed to control molecular machines. Moreover, research on molecular machines is not limited to solid and liquid interfaces; interfaces with living organisms are also crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Ariga
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan.
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - Jingwen Song
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kohsaku Kawakami
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
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2
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Al-Owaedi OA. Thermoelectric Properties of Porphyrin Nano Rings: A Theoretical and Modelling Investigation. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300616. [PMID: 38084460 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Propagation of De Broglie waves through nanomolecular junctions is greatly affected by molecular topology changes, which in turn plays a key role in determining the electronic and thermoelectric properties of source|molecule|drain junctions. The probing and realization of the constructive quantum interference (CQI) and a destructive quantum interference (DQI) are well established in this work. The critical role of quantum interference (QI) in governing and enhancing the transmission coefficient T(E), thermopower (S), power factor (P) and electronic figure of merit (ZelT) of porphyrin nanorings has been investigated using a combination of density functional theory (DFT) methods, a tight binding (Hückel) modelling (TBHM) and quantum transport theory (QTT). Remarkably, DQI not only dominates the asymmetric molecular pathways and lowering T(E), but also improves the thermoelectric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oday A Al-Owaedi
- Department of Laser Physics, University of Babylon, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
- Al-Zahrawi University College, Holy Karbala, Karbala, 56001, Iraq
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3
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Deng Y, Long G, Zhang Y, Zhao W, Zhou G, Feringa BL, Chen J. Photo-responsive functional materials based on light-driven molecular motors. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:63. [PMID: 38429259 PMCID: PMC10907585 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01391-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
In the past two decades, the research and development of light-triggered molecular machines have mainly focused on developing molecular devices at the nanoscale. A key scientific issue in the field is how to amplify the controlled motion of molecules at the nanoscale along multiple length scales, such as the mesoscopic or the macroscopic scale, or in a more practical perspective, how to convert molecular motion into changes of properties of a macroscopic material. Light-driven molecular motors are able to perform repetitive unidirectional rotation upon irradiation, which offers unique opportunities for responsive macroscopic systems. With several reviews that focus on the design, synthesis and operation of the motors at the nanoscale, photo-responsive macroscopic materials based on light-driven molecular motors have not been comprehensively summarized. In the present review, we first discuss the strategy of confining absolute molecular rotation into relative rotation by grafting motors on surfaces. Secondly, examples of self-assemble motors in supramolecular polymers with high internal order are illustrated. Moreover, we will focus on building of motors in a covalently linked system such as polymeric gels and polymeric liquid crystals to generate complex responsive functions. Finally, a perspective toward future developments and opportunities is given. This review helps us getting a more and more clear picture and understanding on how complex movement can be programmed in light-responsive systems and how man-made adaptive materials can be invented, which can serve as an important guideline for further design of complex and advanced responsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Deng
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guiying Long
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yang Zhang
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guofu Zhou
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ben L Feringa
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jiawen Chen
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Foroutan M, Boudaghi A, Alibalazadeh M. Fullerenes containing water molecules: a study of reactive molecular dynamics simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:32493-32502. [PMID: 37997178 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04420c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
A different technique was used to investigate fullerenes encapsulating a polar guest species. By reactive molecular dynamics simulations, three types of fullerenes were investigated on a gold surface: an empty C60, a single H2O molecule inside C60 (H2O@C60), and two water molecules inside C60 ((H2O)2@C60). Our findings revealed that despite the free movement of all fullerenes on gold surfaces, confined H2O molecules within the fullerenes result in a distinct pattern of motion in these systems. The (H2O)2@C60 complex had the highest displacement and average velocity, while C60 had the lowest displacement and average velocity. The symmetry of molecules and the polarity of water seem to be crucial in these cases. ReaxFF simulations showed that water molecules in an H2O molecule, H2O@C60, and (H2O)2@C60 have dipole moments of 1.76, 0.42, and 0.47 D, respectively. A combination of the non-polar C60 and polar water demonstrated a significant reduction in the dipole moment of H2O molecules due to encapsulation. The dipole moments of water molecules agreed with those in other studies, which can be useful in the development of biocompatible and high-efficiency nanocars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumeh Foroutan
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Boudaghi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahtab Alibalazadeh
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Banerjee S, Hawthorne N, Batteas JD, Rappe AM. Two-Legged Molecular Walker and Curvature: Mechanochemical Ring Migration on Graphene. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 38049385 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Attaining controllable molecular motion at the nanoscale can be beneficial for multiple reasons, spanning from optoelectronics to catalysis. Here we study the movement of a two-legged molecular walker by modeling the migration of a phenyl aziridine ring on curved graphene. We find that directional ring migration can be attained on graphene in the cases of both 1D (wrinkled/rippled) and 2D (bubble-shaped) curvature. Using a descriptor approach based on graphene's frontier orbital orientation, we can understand the changes in binding energy of the ring as it translates across different sites with variable curvature and the kinetic barriers associated with ring migration. Additionally, we show that the extent of covalent bonding between graphene and the molecule at different sites directly controls the binding energy gradient, propelling molecular migration. Importantly, one can envision such walkers as carriers of charge and disruptors of local bonding. This study enables a new way to tune the electronic structure of two-dimensional materials for a range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Nathaniel Hawthorne
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
| | - James D Batteas
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3127, United States
| | - Andrew M Rappe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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Vaezi M, Nejat Pishkenari H. Toward steering the motion of surface rolling molecular machines by straining graphene substrate. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20816. [PMID: 38012233 PMCID: PMC10682032 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48214-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The surface rolling molecular machines are proposed to perform tasks and carrying molecular payloads on the substrates. As a result, controlling the surface motion of these molecular machines is of interest for the design of nano-transportation systems. In this study, we evaluate the motion of the nanocar on the graphene nanoribbons with strain gradient, through the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and theoretical relations. The nanocar indicates directed motion from the maximum strained part of the graphene to the unstrained end of the substrate. The strain gradient induced driving force and diffusion coefficients of nanocars are analyzed from the simulation and theoretical points of view. To obtain the optimum directed motion of nanocar, we consider the effects of temperature, strain average, and magnitude of strain gradient on the directionality of the motion. Moreover, the mechanism of the motion of nanocar is studied by evaluating the direction of the nanocar's chassis and the rotation of wheels around the axles. Ultimately, the programmable motion of nanocar is shown by adjusting the strain gradient of graphene substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Vaezi
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institute for Convergence Science & Technology , Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Nejat Pishkenari
- Nano Robotics Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
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7
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Youzi M, Kianezhad M, Vaezi M, Nejat Pishkenari H. Motion of nanovehicles on pristine and vacancy-defected silicene: implications for controlled surface motion. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:28895-28910. [PMID: 37855185 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02835f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the motion of surface-rolling nanomachines has attracted lots of attention in recent studies, due to their ability in carrying molecular payloads and nanomaterials on the surface. Controlling the surface motion of these nanovehicles is beneficial in the fabrication of nano-transportation systems. In the present study, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations alongside the potential energy analysis have been utilized to investigate the motion of C60 and C60-based nanovehicles on the silicene monolayer. Nano-machine simulations are performed using molecular mechanic forcefield. Compared with graphene and hexagonal boron-nitride, the molecules experience a higher energy barrier on the silicene, which leads to a lower diffusion coefficient and higher activation energy of C60 and nanomachines. Overcoming the maximum energy barrier against sliding motion is more probable at higher temperatures where the nanomachines receive higher thermal energy. After evaluating the motion of molecules around local vacancies, we introduce a nanoroad structure that can restrict surface motion. The motion of C60 and nanovehicles over the surface is limited to the width of nanorods up to a certain temperature. To increase the controllability of the motion, a thermal gradient has been applied to the surface and the molecules move toward the lower temperature regions, where they find lower energy levels. Comparing the results of this study with other investigations regarding the surface motion of molecules on boron-nitride and graphene surfaces brings forth the idea of controlling the motion by silicene-based hybrid substrates, which can be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Youzi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Mohammad Kianezhad
- Department of Structural Engineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0085, USA
| | - Mehran Vaezi
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (INST), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Singhania A, Kalita S, Chettri P, Ghosh S. Accounts of applied molecular rotors and rotary motors: recent advances. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:3177-3208. [PMID: 37325522 PMCID: PMC10262963 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00010a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Molecular machines are nanoscale devices capable of performing mechanical works at molecular level. These systems could be a single molecule or a collection of component molecules that interrelate with one another to produce nanomechanical movements and resulting performances. The design of the components of molecular machine with bioinspired traits results in various nanomechanical motions. Some known molecular machines are rotors, motors, nanocars, gears, elevators, and so on based on their nanomechanical motion. The conversion of these individual nanomechanical motions to collective motions via integration into suitable platforms yields impressive macroscopic output at varied sizes. Instead of limited experimental acquaintances, the researchers demonstrated several applications of molecular machines in chemical transformation, energy conversion, gas/liquid separation, biomedical use, and soft material fabrication. As a result, the development of new molecular machines and their applications has accelerated over the previous two decades. This review highlights the design principles and application scopes of several rotors and rotary motor systems because these machines are used in real applications. This review also offers a systematic and thorough overview of current advancements in rotary motors, providing in-depth knowledge and predicting future problems and goals in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Singhania
- Natural Product Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology Jorhat 785006 Assam India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Sudeshna Kalita
- Natural Product Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology Jorhat 785006 Assam India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Prerna Chettri
- Natural Product Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology Jorhat 785006 Assam India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Subrata Ghosh
- Natural Product Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology Jorhat 785006 Assam India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
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9
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Vaezi M, Nejat Pishkenari H, Ejtehadi MR. Programmable Transport of C60 by Straining Graphene Substrate. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:4483-4494. [PMID: 36926912 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the maneuverability of nanocars and molecular machines on the surface is essential for the targeted transportation of materials and energy at the nanoscale. Here, we evaluate the motion of fullerene, as the most popular candidate for use as a nanocar wheel, on the graphene nanoribbons with strain gradients based on molecular dynamics (MD), and theoretical approaches. The strain of the examined substrates linearly decreases by 20%, 16%, 12%, 8%, 4%, and 2%. MD calculations were performed with the open source LAMMPS solver. The essential physics of the interactions is captured by Lennard-Jones and Tersoff potentials. The motion of C60 on the graphene nanoribbon is simulated in canonical ensemble, which is implanted by using a Nose-Hoover thermostat. Since the potential energy of C60 is lower on the unstrained end of nanoribbons, this region is energetically more favorable for the molecule. As the strain gradient of the surface increases, the trajectories of the motion and the C60 velocity indicate more directed movements along the gradient of strain on the substrate. Based on the theoretical relations, it was shown that the driving force and diffusion coefficient of the C60 motion respectively find linear and quadratic growth with the increase of strain gradient, which is confirmed by MD simulations. To understand the effect of temperature, at each strain gradient of substrate, the simulations are repeated at the temperatures of 100, 200, 300, and 400 K. The large ratio of longitudinal speed to the transverse speed of fullerene at 100 and 200 K refers to the rectilinear motion of molecule at low temperatures. Using successive strain gradients on the graphene in perpendicular directions, we steered the motion of C60 to the desired target locations. The programmable transportation of nanomaterials on the surface has a significant role in different processes at the nanoscale, such as bottom-up assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Vaezi
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (INST), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11365-11155, Iran
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Barragán A, Nicolás-García T, Lauwaet K, Sánchez-Grande A, Urgel JI, Björk J, Pérez EM, Écija D. Design and Manipulation of a Minimalistic Hydrocarbon Nanocar on Au(111). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202212395. [PMID: 36445791 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nanocars are carbon-based single-molecules with a precise design that facilitates their atomic-scale control on a surface. The rational design of these molecules is important in atomic and molecular-scale manipulation to advance the development of molecular machines, as well as for a better understanding of self-assembly, diffusion and desorption processes. Here, we introduce the molecular design and construction of a collection of minimalistic nanocars. They feature an anthracene chassis and four benzene derivatives as wheels. After sublimation and adsorption on an Au(111) surface, we show controlled and fast manipulation of the nanocars along the surface using the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). The mechanism behind the successful displacement is the induced dipole created over the nanocar by the STM tip. We utilized carbon monoxide functionalized tips both to avoid decomposition and accidentally picking the nanocars up during the manipulation. This strategy allowed thousands of maneuvers to successfully win the Nanocar Race II championship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Barragán
- IMDEA Nanoscience Institute C/, Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Nicolás-García
- IMDEA Nanoscience Institute C/, Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Koen Lauwaet
- IMDEA Nanoscience Institute C/, Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez-Grande
- IMDEA Nanoscience Institute C/, Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, 16200, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - José I Urgel
- IMDEA Nanoscience Institute C/, Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonas Björk
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, IFM, Linköping University, 58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Emilio M Pérez
- IMDEA Nanoscience Institute C/, Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Écija
- IMDEA Nanoscience Institute C/, Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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Kianezhad M, Youzi M, Vaezi M, Nejat Pishkenari H. Unidirectional motion of C 60-based nanovehicles using hybrid substrates with temperature gradient. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1100. [PMID: 36670148 PMCID: PMC9860030 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28245-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
With the synthesis of nanocar structures the idea of transporting energy and payloads on the surface became closer to reality. To eliminate the concern of diffusive surface motion of nanocars, in this study, we evaluate the motion of C60 and C60-based nanovehicles on graphene and hexagonal boron-nitride (BN) surfaces using molecular dynamics simulations and potential energy analysis. Utilizing the graphene-hBN hybrid substrate, it has been indicated that C60 is more stable on boron-nitride impurity regions in the hybrid substrate and an energy barrier restricts the motion to the boron-nitride impurity. Increasing the temperature causes the molecule to overcome the energy barrier frequently. A nanoroad of boron-nitride with graphene sideways is designed to confine the surface motion of C60 and nanovehicles at 300 K. As expected, the motion of all surface molecules is limited to the boron-nitride nanoroads. Although the motion is restricted to the boron-nitride nanoroad, the diffusive motion is still noticeable in lateral directions. To obtain the unidirectional motion for C60 and nanocars on the surface, a temperature gradient is applied to the surface. The unidirectional transport to the nanoroad regions with a lower temperature occurs in a short period of time due to the lower energies of molecules on the colder parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kianezhad
- grid.412553.40000 0001 0740 9747Civil Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Youzi
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Mehran Vaezi
- grid.412553.40000 0001 0740 9747Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (INST), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Nejat Pishkenari
- grid.412553.40000 0001 0740 9747Nanorobotics Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Investigation of the motion of fullerene-wheeled nano-machines on thermally activated curved gold substrates. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18255. [PMID: 36309569 PMCID: PMC9617915 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22517-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study presents one of the first investigations in which the simultaneous effect of the curved gold substrates and temperature changes on C60 and C60-wheeled nano-machines’ migration was evaluated. For this aim, the cylindrical and concave substrates with different radii were chosen to attain the size of the most appropriate substrate for nano-machines. Results indicated that the chassis' flexibility substantially affected the nanocar's mobility. Nano-machines' deviation from their desired direction was adequately restricted due to selected substrate geometries (The cylindrical and concave). Besides, for the first time, the effect of the substrate radius changes on nano-machine's motion has been investigated. Our findings revealed that adjusting the value of radius results in a long-range movement for nano-machines as well as a sufficient amount of diffusion coefficient even at low temperatures (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$150\; \text{K}$$\end{document}150K). As a result, the aforementioned substrates could be utilized as the optimized geometries for C60 and nanocar at all temperatures. At the same time, the nanotruck displayed an appropriate performance merely on the small cylindrical substrate (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$600\; \text{K}$$\end{document}600K).
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Shamloo A, Bakhtiari MA, Tohidloo M, Seifi S. Investigation of fullerene motion on thermally activated gold substrates with different shapes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14397. [PMID: 36002477 PMCID: PMC9402714 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18730-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, the regime of motion of fullerene molecules on substrates with different shapes at a range of specific temperatures has been investigated. To do so, the potential energy of fullerene molecules was analyzed using the classical molecular dynamics method. C20, C36, C50, C60, C72, C76, C80, and C90 fullerene molecules were selected due to their spherical shapes with different sizes. In addition, to completely analyze the behavior of these molecules, different gold substrates, including flat, concave, the top side of the step (upward step), and the downside of the step (downward step) substrates, were considered. Specifying the regime of the motion at different temperatures is one of the main goals of this study. For this purpose, we have studied the translational and rotational motions of fullerene molecules independently. In the first step of the investigation, Lennard-Jones potential energy of fullerene molecules was calculated. Subsequently, the regime of motion of different fullerenes has been classified, based on their displacement and sliding velocity. Our findings indicated that C60 is appropriate in less than [Formula: see text] of the conditions. However, C20, C76 and C80 molecules were found to be appropriate candidates in most cases in different conditions while they were incompetent only in seven situations. As far as a straight-line movement is considered, the concave geometry demonstrated a better performance compared to the other substrates. In addition, C72 indicated less favorable performance concerning the range of movement and diffusion coefficients. All in all, our investigation helps to understand the performance of different fullerene molecules on gold substrates and find their probable application, especially as a wheel in nano-machine structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Shamloo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave., Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ali Bakhtiari
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave., Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Tohidloo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave., Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Seifi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave., Tehran, Iran
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14
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Vaezi M, Nejat Pishkenari H, Ejtehadi MR. Collective movement and thermal stability of fullerene clusters on the graphene layer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:11770-11781. [PMID: 35506871 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00667g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the motion characteristics of fullerene clusters on the graphene surface is critical for designing surface manipulation systems. Toward this purpose, using the molecular dynamics method, we evaluated six clusters of fullerenes including 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, and 25 molecules on the graphene surface, in the temperature range of 25 to 500 K. First, the surface motion of clusters is studied at 200 K and lower temperatures, in which fullerenes remain as a single group. The trajectories of the motion as well as the diffusion coefficients indicate the reduction of surface mobility as a response to the increase of the fullerene number. The clusters show normal diffusion at the temperature of 25 K, while they follow the super-diffusion regime at higher temperatures. The separation of fullerenes occurs at 300 K and higher temperatures. Due to the increase of vdW attraction with the increase of the fullerene number, the separation of fullerenes in larger clusters occurs at higher temperatures. The thermal energy at 500 K is sufficient to divide the large C60 clusters into smaller clusters. This energy level is related to the saturation of the interaction energy experienced by individual fullerenes, which can be estimated from the potential energy analysis. The results of simulations reveal that the separation occurs at the edge of clusters. Moreover, we studied the thermal stability of multilayer fullerene clusters on graphene. The simulation results indicate the tendency of multilayer clusters to locate on the surface, which implies the wetting property of C60s on the graphene layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Vaezi
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (INST), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Abstract
In this study, we propose that the curvature of graphene can be exploited to perform directional molecular motion and provide atomistic insights into the curvature-dependent molecular migration through density functional theory calculations. We first reveal the origin of the different migration trends observed experimentally for aromatic molecules with electron-donating and -withdrawing groups on p-doped functionalized graphene. Next, we show that the kinetic barrier for migration depends on the amount and nature of the curvature, that is, positive versus negative curvature. We find that the molecular migration on a wrinkled/rippled graphene sheet preferentially happens from the valley (positive curvature) to the mountain (negative curvature) regions. To understand the origin of such curvature-dependent molecular motion and migrational kinetic barrier trends, we develop a descriptor based on the frontier orbital orientation of graphene. Finally, based on these findings, we predict that time- and space-varying curvature can drive directional molecular motion on graphene and thus further propose that efforts should focus on exploring other two-dimensional materials as active platforms for performing controlled molecular motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Andrew M Rappe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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16
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Ma L, Ma C, Zhang S, Li J, Gan L, Deng K, Duan W, Li X, Zeng Q. Regulation of the Assembled Structure of a Flexible Porphyrin Derivative Containing Tetra Isophthalic Acids by Coronene or Different Pyridines. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:4434-4441. [PMID: 35357166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Based on previous research, a new coassembly formed by a porphyrin derivative (IPETPP), which contains a flexible substituent of m-phthalic acid, is observed with coronene (COR) molecules at a higher concentration. Besides, a fresh IPETPP self-assembly formed at a lower concentration and another new coassembly with COR molecules are obtained. Moreover, the addition of a series of bipyridines alters the diamond arrangement of IPETPP, which enhances the stability of the two-component structures. It is unprecedented that bipyridine derivatives break intermolecular hydrogen bonds containing m-phthalic acid substituents. All the coassemblies are investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite. Combined with density functional theory, the formation mechanism of the assembled structures is revealed. These results would contribute to understanding the interfacial crystal behaviors and probably provide an efficient pathway to regulate the binary structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Chunyu Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jianqiao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Linlin Gan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Ke Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wubiao Duan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xiaokang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Qingdao Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Material Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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17
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Gisbert Y, Abid S, Kammerer C, Rapenne G. Divergent Synthesis of Molecular Winch Prototypes. Chemistry 2021; 27:16242-16249. [PMID: 34492156 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of conceptually new prototypes of molecular winches with the ultimate aim to investigate the work performed by a single ruthenium-based molecular motor anchored on a surface by probing its ability to pull a load upon electrically-driven directional rotation. According to a technomimetic design, the motor was embedded in a winch structure, with a long flexible polyethylene glycol chain terminated by an azide hook to connect a variety of molecular loads. The structure of the motor was first derivatized by means of two sequential cross-coupling reactions involving a penta(4-halogenophenyl)cyclopentadienyl hydrotris(indazolyl)borate ruthenium(II) precursor and the resulting benzylamine derivative was next exploited as key intermediate in the divergent synthesis of a family of nanowinch prototypes. A one-pot method involving sequential peptide coupling and Cu-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition was developed to yield four loaded nanowinches, with load fragments encompassing triptycene, fullerene and porphyrin moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Gisbert
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29, rue Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France
| | - Seifallah Abid
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29, rue Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Kammerer
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29, rue Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France
| | - Gwénaël Rapenne
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29, rue Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France.,Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, Japan
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18
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Gisbert Y, Abid S, Kammerer C, Rapenne G. Molecular Gears: From Solution to Surfaces. Chemistry 2021; 27:12019-12031. [PMID: 34131971 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This review highlights the major efforts devoted to the development of molecular gears over the past 40 years, from pioneering covalent bis-triptycyl systems undergoing intramolecular correlated rotation in solution, to the most recent examples of gearing systems anchored on a surface, which allow intermolecular transmission of mechanical power. Emphasis is laid on the different strategies devised progressively to control the architectures of molecular bevel and spur gears, as intramolecular systems in solution or intermolecular systems on surfaces, while aiming at increased efficiency, complexity and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Gisbert
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29, rue Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France
| | - Seifallah Abid
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29, rue Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Kammerer
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29, rue Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France
| | - Gwénaël Rapenne
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29, rue Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France.,Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Nara, Japan
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19
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Asato R, Martin CJ, Abid S, Gisbert Y, Asanoma F, Nakashima T, Kammerer C, Kawai T, Rapenne G. Molecular Rotor Functionalized with a Photoresponsive Brake. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:3492-3501. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Asato
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
- International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, CNRS, UPR 8011, 29 rue Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse, Cedex 4, France
| | - Colin J. Martin
- International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, CNRS, UPR 8011, 29 rue Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse, Cedex 4, France
| | - Seifallah Abid
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29 rue Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse, Cedex 4, France
| | - Yohan Gisbert
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29 rue Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse, Cedex 4, France
| | - Fumio Asanoma
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takuya Nakashima
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Claire Kammerer
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29 rue Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse, Cedex 4, France
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawai
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
- International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, CNRS, UPR 8011, 29 rue Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse, Cedex 4, France
| | - Gwénaël Rapenne
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
- International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, CNRS, UPR 8011, 29 rue Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse, Cedex 4, France
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29 rue Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse, Cedex 4, France
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20
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Mofidi SM, Nejat Pishkenari H, Ejtehadi MR, Akimov AV. Locomotion of the C 60-based nanomachines on graphene surfaces. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2576. [PMID: 33510367 PMCID: PMC7844297 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82280-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We provide a comprehensive computational characterization of surface motion of two types of nanomachines with four C60 "wheels": a flexible chassis Nanocar and a rigid chassis Nanotruck. We study the nanocars' lateral and rotational diffusion as well as the wheels' rolling motion on two kinds of graphene substrates-flexible single-layer graphene which may form surface ripples and an ideally flat graphene monolayer. We find that the graphene surface ripples facilitate the translational diffusion of Nanocar and Nanotruck, but have little effect on their surface rotation or the rolling of their wheels. The latter two types of motion are strongly affected by the structure of the nanomachines instead. Surface diffusion of both nanomachines occurs preferentially via a sliding mechanism whereas the rolling of the "wheels" contributes little. The axial rotation of all "wheels" is uncorrelated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Mahsa Mofidi
- grid.412553.40000 0001 0740 9747Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (INST), Sharif University of Technology, 14588-89694 Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Nejat Pishkenari
- grid.412553.40000 0001 0740 9747Mechanical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, 11155-9567 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ejtehadi
- grid.412553.40000 0001 0740 9747Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, 11155-9161 Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexey V. Akimov
- grid.273335.30000 0004 1936 9887Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, 14260-3000 USA
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21
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Vaezi M, Nejat Pishkenari H, Nemati A. Mechanism of C 60 rotation and translation on hexagonal boron-nitride monolayer. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:234702. [PMID: 33353326 DOI: 10.1063/5.0029490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Newly synthesized nanocars have shown great potential to transport molecular payloads. Since wheels of nanocars dominate their motion, the study of the wheels helps us to design a suitable surface for them. We investigated C60 thermal diffusion on the hexagonal boron-nitride (h-BN) monolayer as the wheel of nanocars. We calculated C60 potential energy variation during the translational and rotational motions at different points on the substrate. The study of the energy barriers and diffusion coefficients of the molecule at different temperatures indicated three noticeable changes in the C60 motion regime. C60 starts to slide on the surface at 30 K-40 K, slides freely on the boron-nitride monolayer at 100 K-150 K, and shows rolling motions at temperatures higher than 500 K. The anomaly parameter of the motion reveals that C60 has a diffusive motion on the boron-nitride substrate at low temperatures and experiences superdiffusion with Levy flight motions at higher temperatures. A comparison of the fullerene motion on the boron-nitride and graphene surfaces demonstrated that the analogous structure of the graphene and hexagonal boron-nitride led to similar characteristics such as anomaly parameters and the temperatures at which the motion regime changes. The results of this study empower us to predict that fullerene prefers to move on boron-nitride sections on a hybrid substrate composed of graphene and boron-nitride. This property can be utilized to design pathways or regions on a surface to steer or trap the C60 or other molecular machines, which is a step toward directional transportation at the molecular scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Vaezi
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (INST), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Nejat Pishkenari
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (INST), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Nemati
- Institute for Future, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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22
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Nemati A, Nejat Pishkenari H, Meghdari A, Ge SS. Directional control of surface rolling molecules exploiting non-uniform heat-induced substrates. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:26887-26900. [PMID: 33205804 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04960c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular machines, such as nanocars, have shown promising potential for various tasks, including manipulation at the nanoscale. In this paper, we examined the influence of temperature gradients on nanocar and nanotruck motion as well as C60 - as their wheel - on a flat gold surface under various conditions. We also compared the accuracy and computational cost of two different approaches for generating the temperature gradient. The results show that severe vibrations and frequent impacts of gold atoms at high temperatures increase the average distance of C60 from the substrate, reducing its binding energy. Moreover, the temperature field drives C60 to move along the temperature variation; still, the diffusive motion of C60 remained unchanged in the direction perpendicular to the temperature gradient. Increasing the magnitude of the temperature gradient speeds up its motion parallel to the gradient, while raising the average temperature of the substrate increases the diffusion coefficient in all directions. The temperature field influences the nanocar motion in the same manner as C60. However, the nanocars have a substantially shorter motion range compared to C60. The relatively larger, heavier, and more flexible chassis of the nanocar makes it more sluggish than the nanotruck. In general, the motion of large and heavy surface rolling molecules is less affected by the temperature field compared to small and light molecules. The results of the study show that concentrated heat sources can be employed to push surface rolling molecules or break down their large clusters. We can exploit a temperature field as a driving force to push nanocars in a desired direction on prebuilt pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Nemati
- Institute for Future (IFF), Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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23
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Abstract
The design and synthesis of molecular systems able to carry out movements resembling macroscopic objects is an exciting and challenging endeavor. Molecules that can walk covalently on a track have been demonstrated, and we now report how aryl groups that can migrate over a graphene surface. Specifically, we describe a system comprised of covalently functionalized aryl groups on graphene that undergo continuous aryl shifts. The dynamic aryl shift allows the aryl groups on graphene to effectively migrate step-by-step wherein each step involves reversible bond breaking and making that is initiated by a combination of an activated arene and p-doping of the graphene surface. Raman spectroscopic mapping of the distribution of the covalent attachment revealed that activated 4-methoxyphenyl groups migrate several microns from regions of high functionalization to regions with no prior functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie He
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Timothy M Swager
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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24
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Bayindir S, Lee KS, Saracoglu N, Parquette JR. The impact of metal coordination on the assembly of bis(indolyl)methane-naphthalene-diimide amphiphiles. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:13685-13692. [PMID: 32996499 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02732d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly and coordination of amphiphiles comprised of naphthalenediimide (NDI) and bis(indolyl)methane (BIM) chromophores were investigated as a function of pH and metal. As observed by TEM, SEM and AFM imaging, the self-assembly of NDI-BIM 1 produced irregular nanostructures at neutral pH in CH3CN-H2O (1 : 1); whereas, well-defined nanotubes were observed at pH 2. Conversely, Fmoc-protected, NDI-BIM 2 formed nanotubes at neutral pH and nonspecific aggregates at pH 2. Upon coordination of Cu2+ ions to the bis(indoyl)methane moiety, a reorganization from nanotubes to vesicular structures was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Bayindir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Bingöl University, Bingöl, 12000, Turkey
| | - Kwang Soo Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| | - Nurullah Saracoglu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey.
| | - Jon R Parquette
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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25
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Ariga K. The evolution of molecular machines through interfacial nanoarchitectonics: from toys to tools. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10594-10604. [PMID: 34094314 PMCID: PMC8162416 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03164j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular machines are often regarded as molecular artworks and sometimes as fancy molecular toys. However, many researchers strive to operate molecular machines as useful tools for realistic practical applications. In this perspective article, shifting the working environment of molecular machines from solution to interfacial media is discussed from the viewpoint of their evolution from scientific toys to useful tools. Following a short description of traditional research into molecular machines in solution and their nanotechnological manipulation on clean solid surfaces, pioneering research into molecular machine operation at dynamic interfaces, such as liquid surfaces, is discussed, along with cutting-edge research into molecular machine functions in living cells and their models. Biomolecular machines within organisms are the products of evolution over billions of years. We may nanoarchitect such sophisticated functional systems with artificial molecular machines within much shorter periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Ariga
- WPI Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha Kashiwa Chiba 277-8561 Japan
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26
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Doistau B, Benda L, Cantin JL, Cador O, Pointillart F, Wernsdorfer W, Chamoreau LM, Marvaud V, Hasenknopf B, Vives G. Dual switchable molecular tweezers incorporating anisotropic Mn III-salphen complexes. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:8872-8882. [PMID: 32530022 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01465f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An alternative strategy for the synthesis of terpyridine based switchable molecular tweezers has been developed to incorporate anisotropic Mn(iii)-salphen complexes. The free ligand was synthesized using a building block strategy based on Sonogashira coupling reactions and was then selectively metalated with manganese in a last step. The conformation of the tweezers was switched from an open 'W' shaped form to a closed 'U' form by Zn(ii) coordination to the terpyridine unit bringing the two Mn-salphen moieties in close spatial proximity as confirmed by X-ray crystallography. An alternate switching mechanism was observed by the intercalation of a bridging cyanide ligand between the two Mn-salphen moieties that resulted in the closing of the tweezers. These dual stimuli are attractive for achieving multiple controls of the mechanical motion of the tweezers. A crystallographic structure of unexpected partially oxidized closed tweezers was also obtained. One of the two Mn-salphen moieties underwent a ligand-centered oxidation of an imino to an amido group allowing an intramolecular Mn-Oamide-Mn linkage. The magnetic properties of the manganese(iii) dimers were investigated to evaluate the magnetic exchange interaction and analyze the single molecule magnet behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Doistau
- Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 8232, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.
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27
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Creemer C, Kilic H, Lee KS, Saracoglu N, Parquette JR. Light-controlled self-assembly of a dithienylethene bolaamphiphile in water. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:8846-8849. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02001j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report the light-driven self-assembly of photochromic dithienylethene bolaamphiphiles in aqueous media. The open → closed transition that occurred upon irradiation was accompanied by the formation of 1D nanofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassidy Creemer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The Ohio State University
- Columbus
- USA
| | - Haydar Kilic
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- Atatürk University
- Erzurum
- Turkey 25240
| | - Kwang Soo Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The Ohio State University
- Columbus
- USA
| | - Nurullah Saracoglu
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- Atatürk University
- Erzurum
- Turkey 25240
| | - Jon R. Parquette
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The Ohio State University
- Columbus
- USA
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Dattler D, Fuks G, Heiser J, Moulin E, Perrot A, Yao X, Giuseppone N. Design of Collective Motions from Synthetic Molecular Switches, Rotors, and Motors. Chem Rev 2019; 120:310-433. [PMID: 31869214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Precise control over molecular movement is of fundamental and practical importance in physics, biology, and chemistry. At nanoscale, the peculiar functioning principles and the synthesis of individual molecular actuators and machines has been the subject of intense investigations and debates over the past 60 years. In this review, we focus on the design of collective motions that are achieved by integrating, in space and time, several or many of these individual mechanical units together. In particular, we provide an in-depth look at the intermolecular couplings used to physically connect a number of artificial mechanically active molecular units such as photochromic molecular switches, nanomachines based on mechanical bonds, molecular rotors, and light-powered rotary motors. We highlight the various functioning principles that can lead to their collective motion at various length scales. We also emphasize how their synchronized, or desynchronized, mechanical behavior can lead to emerging functional properties and to their implementation into new active devices and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Dattler
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Gad Fuks
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Joakim Heiser
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Emilie Moulin
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Alexis Perrot
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Xuyang Yao
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
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Benda L, Doistau B, Rossi-Gendron C, Chamoreau LM, Hasenknopf B, Vives G. Substrate-dependent allosteric regulation by switchable catalytic molecular tweezers. Commun Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s42004-019-0246-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAllosteric regulation is exploited by biological systems to regulate the activity and/or selectivity of enzymatic reactions but remains a challenge for artificial catalysts. Here we report switchable terpy(Zn-salphen)2 molecular tweezers and their metal-dependent allosteric regulation of the acetylation of pyridinemethanol isomers. Zinc-salphen moieties can both act as a Lewis acid to activate the anhydride reagents and provide a binding site for pyridinemethanol substrates. The tweezers’ conformation can be reversibly switched between an open and a closed form by a metal ion stimulus. Both states offer distinct catalytic profiles, with closed tweezers showing superior catalytic activity towards ortho substrates, while open tweezers presenting higher rate for the acetylation of meta and para substrates. This notable substrate dependent allosteric response is rationalized by a combination of experimental results and calculations supporting a bimetallic reaction in the closed form for ortho substrate and an inhibition of the cavity for meta and para substrates.
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García-López V, Liu D, Tour JM. Light-Activated Organic Molecular Motors and Their Applications. Chem Rev 2019; 120:79-124. [PMID: 31849216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Molecular motors are at the heart of cellular machinery, and they are involved in converting chemical and light energy inputs into efficient mechanical work. From a synthetic perspective, the most advanced molecular motors are rotators that are activated by light wherein a molecular subcomponent rotates unidirectionally around an axis. The mechanical work produced by arrays of molecular motors can be used to induce a macroscopic effect. Light activation offers advantages over biological chemically activated molecular motors because one can direct precise spatiotemporal inputs while conducting reactions in the gas phase, in solution and in vacuum, while generating no chemical byproducts or waste. In this review, we describe the origins of the first light-activated rotary motors and their modes of function, the structural modifications that led to newer motor designs with optimized rotary properties at variable activation wavelengths. Presented are molecular motor attachments to surfaces, their insertion into supramolecular structures and photomodulating materials, their use in catalysis, and their action in biological environments to produce exciting new prospects for biomedicine.
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Martinez-Bulit P, Stirk AJ, Loeb SJ. Rotors, Motors, and Machines Inside Metal–Organic Frameworks. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Cyclopentadienyl Ruthenium(II) Complex-Mediated Oxidation of Benzylic and Allylic Alcohols to Corresponding Aldehydes. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/5053702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This work reports an efficient method for the oxidation reaction of aliphatic, aromatic allylic, and benzylic alcohols into aldehydes catalyzed by the cyclopentadienyl ruthenium(II) complex (RuCpCl(PPh3)2) with bubbled O2. Through further optimizing controlled studies, the tendency order of oxidation reactivity was determined as follows: benzylic alcohols > aromatic allylic alcohols >> aliphatic alcohols. In addition, this method has several advantages, including a small amount of catalyst (0.5 mol%) and selective application of high discrimination activity of aliphatic, aromatic allylic, and benzylic alcohols.
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Multicenter‐Bond‐Based Quantum Interference in Charge Transport Through Single‐Molecule Carborane Junctions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Tang C, Chen L, Zhang L, Chen Z, Li G, Yan Z, Lin L, Liu J, Huang L, Ye Y, Hua Y, Shi J, Xia H, Hong W. Multicenter-Bond-Based Quantum Interference in Charge Transport Through Single-Molecule Carborane Junctions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10601-10605. [PMID: 31166071 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Molecular components are vital to introduce and manipulate quantum interference (QI) in charge transport through molecular electronic devices. Up to now, the functional molecular units that show QI are mostly found in conventional π- and σ-bond-based systems; it is thus intriguing to study QI in multicenter bonding systems without both π- and σ-conjugations. Now the presence of QI in multicenter-bond-based systems is demonstrated for the first time, through the single-molecule conductance investigation of carborane junctions. We find that all the three connectivities in carborane frameworks show different levels of destructive QI, which leads to highly suppressed single-molecule conductance in para- and meta-connected carboranes. The investigation of QI into carboranes provides a promising platform to fabricate molecular electronic devices based on multicenter bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Lijue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Longyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zhixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Guopeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zhewei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Luchun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Junyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Longfeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yiling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yuhui Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jia Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wenjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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Heinke L, Wöll C. Surface-Mounted Metal-Organic Frameworks: Crystalline and Porous Molecular Assemblies for Fundamental Insights and Advanced Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806324. [PMID: 30701602 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline coordination polymers, assembled from inorganic nodes connected by organic linker molecules. An enormous surface area, huge compositional variety, regular structure, and favorable mechanical properties are among their outstanding properties. Monolithic MOF thin films, i.e., surface-mounted metal-organic frameworks (SURMOFs), with high degree of structural order and adjustable defect density, can be prepared on solid substrates using layer-by-layer techniques. Recent studies where SURMOFs served as model systems for quantitative studies of molecular interactions in porous media, including diffusion, are reviewed. Moreover, SURMOFs are ideally suited for the incorporation of photoactive molecules as well as to study electrical transport through crystalline molecular assemblies. Recent work has demonstrated that the realization of crystalline chromophore assemblies via the SURMOF approach allows the study of fundamental aspects of exciton transport, exciton channeling, and photon upconversion at internal interfaces in organic semiconductor materials. Due to their crystalline nature, MOF materials are well suited for quantitative comparisons with theoretical results; especially, since defect densities and types can be characterized and varied in a straightforward fashion. The active role of these nanoporous films in advanced applications, like for remote-controlled release of molecules, membranes with photoswitchable selectivity, and ion-conductors with adjustable conductivity, are also emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Heinke
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Funktionelle Grenzflächen (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christof Wöll
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Funktionelle Grenzflächen (IFG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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36
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Oleshkevich E, Morancho A, Saha A, Galenkamp KMO, Grayston A, Crich SG, Alberti D, Protti N, Comella JX, Teixidor F, Rosell A, Viñas C. Combining magnetic nanoparticles and icosahedral boron clusters in biocompatible inorganic nanohybrids for cancer therapy. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 20:101986. [PMID: 31059794 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The potential biomedical applications of the MNPs nanohybrids coated with m-carboranylphosphinate (1-MNPs) as a theranostic biomaterial for cancer therapy were tested. The cellular uptake and toxicity profile of 1-MNPs from culture media by human brain endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3) and glioblastoma multiform A172 cell line were demonstrated. Prior to testing 1-MNPs' in vitro toxicity, studies of colloidal stability of the 1-MNPs' suspension in different culture media and temperatures were carried out. TEM images and chemical titration confirmed that 1-MNPs penetrate into cells. Additionally, to explore 1-MNPs' potential use in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) for treating cancer locally, the presence of the m-carboranyl coordinated with the MNPs core after uptake was proven by XPS and EELS. Importantly, thermal neutrons irradiation in BNCT reduced by 2.5 the number of cultured glioblastoma cells after 1-MNP treatment, and the systemic administration of 1-MNPs in mice was well tolerated with no major signs of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Oleshkevich
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Anna Morancho
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Barcelona
| | - Arpita Saha
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Koen M O Galenkamp
- Cell Signaling and Apoptosis Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Grayston
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Barcelona
| | | | - Diego Alberti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino. Torino, Italy
| | | | - Joan X Comella
- Cell Signaling and Apoptosis Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Teixidor
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Anna Rosell
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Barcelona.
| | - Clara Viñas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
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Kammerer C, Erbland G, Gisbert Y, Nishino T, Yasuhara K, Rapenne G. Biomimetic and Technomimetic Single Molecular Machines. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.181019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yohan Gisbert
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Toshio Nishino
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kazuma Yasuhara
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Gwénaël Rapenne
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
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38
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Selmani S, Schipper DJ. π-Concave Hosts for Curved Carbon Nanomaterials. Chemistry 2019; 25:6673-6692. [PMID: 30674065 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials have been at the forefront of nanotechnology since its inception. At the heart of this research are the curved carbon nanomaterial families: fullerenes and carbon nanotubes. While both have incredible properties that have been capitalized upon in a wide variety of applications, there is an aspect that is not commonly exploited by nanoscientists and organic chemists alike: the interaction of curved carbon nanomaterials with curved organic small molecules. By taking advantage of these interactions, new avenues are opened for the use of fullerenes and carbon nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serxho Selmani
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Derek J Schipper
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
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Toyota S, Tsurumaki E. Exploration of Nano-Saturns: A Spectacular Sphere-Ring Supramolecular System. Chemistry 2019; 25:6878-6890. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Toyota
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Eiji Tsurumaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
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Ariga K, Nishikawa M, Mori T, Takeya J, Shrestha LK, Hill JP. Self-assembly as a key player for materials nanoarchitectonics. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2019; 20:51-95. [PMID: 30787960 PMCID: PMC6374972 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2018.1553108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of science and technology of advanced materials using nanoscale units can be conducted by a novel concept involving combination of nanotechnology methodology with various research disciplines, especially supramolecular chemistry. The novel concept is called 'nanoarchitectonics' where self-assembly processes are crucial in many cases involving a wide range of component materials. This review of self-assembly processes re-examines recent progress in materials nanoarchitectonics. It is composed of three main sections: (1) the first short section describes typical examples of self-assembly research to outline the matters discussed in this review; (2) the second section summarizes self-assemblies at interfaces from general viewpoints; and (3) the final section is focused on self-assembly processes at interfaces. The examples presented demonstrate the strikingly wide range of possibilities and future potential of self-assembly processes and their important contribution to materials nanoarchitectonics. The research examples described in this review cover variously structured objects including molecular machines, molecular receptors, molecular pliers, molecular rotors, nanoparticles, nanosheets, nanotubes, nanowires, nanoflakes, nanocubes, nanodisks, nanoring, block copolymers, hyperbranched polymers, supramolecular polymers, supramolecular gels, liquid crystals, Langmuir monolayers, Langmuir-Blodgett films, self-assembled monolayers, thin films, layer-by-layer structures, breath figure motif structures, two-dimensional molecular patterns, fullerene crystals, metal-organic frameworks, coordination polymers, coordination capsules, porous carbon spheres, mesoporous materials, polynuclear catalysts, DNA origamis, transmembrane channels, peptide conjugates, and vesicles, as well as functional materials for sensing, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, photovoltaics, charge transport, excitation energy transfer, light-harvesting, photocatalysts, field effect transistors, logic gates, organic semiconductors, thin-film-based devices, drug delivery, cell culture, supramolecular differentiation, molecular recognition, molecular tuning, and hand-operating (hand-operated) nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Ariga
- WPI-MANA, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | | | - Taizo Mori
- WPI-MANA, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Jun Takeya
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Lok Kumar Shrestha
- WPI-MANA, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Jonathan P. Hill
- WPI-MANA, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Ibaraki, Japan
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Soe WH, Durand C, Guillermet O, Gauthier S, de Rouville HPJ, Srivastava S, Kammerer C, Rapenne G, Joachim C. Surface manipulation of a curved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-based nano-vehicle molecule equipped with triptycene wheels. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:495401. [PMID: 30207539 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aae0d9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With a central curved chassis, a four-wheeled molecule-vehicle was deposited on a Au(111) surface and imaged at low temperature using a scanning tunneling microscope. The curved conformation of the chassis and the consequent moderate interactions of the four wheels with the surface were observed. The dI/dV constant current maps of the tunneling electronic resonances close to the Au(111) Fermi level were recorded to identify the potential energy entry port on the molecular skeleton to trigger and control the driving of the molecule. A lateral pushing mode of molecular manipulation and the consequent recording of the manipulation signals confirm how the wheels can step-by-step rotate while passing over the Au(111) surface native herringbone reconstructions. Switching a phenyl holding a wheel to the chassis was not observed for triggering a lateral molecular motion inelastically and without any mechanic push by the tip apex. This points out the necessity to encode the sequence of the required wheels action on the profile of the potential energy surface of the excited states to be able to drive a molecule-vehicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- W-H Soe
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29 Rue J. Marvig, BP 94347, F-31055 Toulouse Cedex, France. International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
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Temperature-dependence of spectral and photophysical properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon derivatives of acetylene and buta-1,3-diyne. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Nemati A, Nejat Pishkenari H, Meghdari A, Sohrabpour S. Directing the diffusive motion of fullerene-based nanocars using nonplanar gold surfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:332-344. [PMID: 29210390 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07217a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A new method for guiding the motion of fullerene and fullerene-based nanocars is introduced in this paper. The effects of non-flat substrates on the motion of C60, a nanocar and a nanotruck are investigated at different conditions and temperatures. Their behavior is studied using two different approaches: analyzing the variation in potential energy and conducting all-atom classical molecular dynamics simulations. This paper proposes that the use of a stepped substrate will make their motion more predictable and controllable. The results of the simulations show that C60 stays on the top side of the step and cannot jump over the step at temperatures of 400 K and lower. However, at temperatures of 500 K and higher, C60 has sufficient energy to travel to the down side of the step. C60 attaches to the edge and moves just alongside of the edge when it is on the down side of the step. The edge also restricts the motion of C60 alongside the edge and reduces its range of motion. By considering the motion of C60, the general behavior of the nanocar and nanotruck is predictable. The nanocar stays on the top side of the step at temperatures of 400 K and less; at 500 K and higher temperatures, its wheels jump off the edge, and its range of motion is restricted. The relatively rigid chassis of the nanotruck does not allow the free individual motion of the wheels. As a result, the entire nanotruck stays on the top side of the step, even at 600 K. A pathway with the desired route can be fabricated for the motion of C60 and nanocars using the method presented in this paper. This represents a step towards the directional motion of C60 and nanocars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Nemati
- Nano Robotics Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Design, Robotic and Automation (CEDRA), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
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Baroncini M, Casimiro L, de Vet C, Groppi J, Silvi S, Credi A. Making and Operating Molecular Machines: A Multidisciplinary Challenge. ChemistryOpen 2018; 7:169-179. [PMID: 29435402 PMCID: PMC5795756 DOI: 10.1002/open.201700181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Movement is one of the central attributes of life, and a key feature in many technological processes. While artificial motion is typically provided by macroscopic engines powered by internal combustion or electrical energy, movement in living organisms is produced by machines and motors of molecular size that typically exploit the energy of chemical fuels at ambient temperature to generate forces and ultimately execute functions. The progress in several areas of chemistry, together with an improved understanding of biomolecular machines, has led to the development of a large variety of wholly synthetic molecular machines. These systems have the potential to bring about radical innovations in several areas of technology and medicine. In this Minireview, we discuss, with the help of a few examples, the multidisciplinary aspects of research on artificial molecular machines and highlight its translational character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Baroncini
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated NanostructuresUniversità di Bologna and Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheVia Gobetti 10140129BolognaItaly
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentariUniversità di BolognaViale Fanin 5040127BolognaItaly
- Istituto ISOF-CNRVia Gobetti 10140129BolognaItaly
| | - Lorenzo Casimiro
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated NanostructuresUniversità di Bologna and Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheVia Gobetti 10140129BolognaItaly
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”Università di BolognaVia Selmi 240126BolognaItaly
| | - Christiaan de Vet
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated NanostructuresUniversità di Bologna and Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheVia Gobetti 10140129BolognaItaly
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentariUniversità di BolognaViale Fanin 5040127BolognaItaly
| | - Jessica Groppi
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated NanostructuresUniversità di Bologna and Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheVia Gobetti 10140129BolognaItaly
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentariUniversità di BolognaViale Fanin 5040127BolognaItaly
| | - Serena Silvi
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated NanostructuresUniversità di Bologna and Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheVia Gobetti 10140129BolognaItaly
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”Università di BolognaVia Selmi 240126BolognaItaly
| | - Alberto Credi
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated NanostructuresUniversità di Bologna and Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheVia Gobetti 10140129BolognaItaly
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentariUniversità di BolognaViale Fanin 5040127BolognaItaly
- Istituto ISOF-CNRVia Gobetti 10140129BolognaItaly
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45
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Cook AR, Valášek M, Funston AM, Poliakov P, Michl J, Miller JR. p-Carborane Conjugation in Radical Anions of Cage–Cage and Cage–Phenyl Compounds. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:798-810. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b10885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R. Cook
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Michal Valášek
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, ASCR, Prague 6 16610, Czech Republic
| | - Alison M. Funston
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
- School
of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Pavel Poliakov
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Josef Michl
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, ASCR, Prague 6 16610, Czech Republic
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - John R. Miller
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
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46
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Bhattacharjee I, Ghosh N, Raina A, Dasgupta J, Ray D. Conformational switching via an intramolecular H-bond modulates the fluorescence lifetime in a novel coumarin–imidazole conjugate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:6060-6072. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07274k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Achieving synthetic control over light-driven molecular dynamics is essential for designing complex molecule-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nita Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
- India
| | - Abhinav Raina
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Natural Sciences
- India
| | | | - Debdas Ray
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Natural Sciences
- India
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47
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Oleshkevich E, Teixidor F, Rosell A, Viñas C. Merging Icosahedral Boron Clusters and Magnetic Nanoparticles: Aiming toward Multifunctional Nanohybrid Materials. Inorg Chem 2017; 57:462-470. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Oleshkevich
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Francesc Teixidor
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Anna Rosell
- Neurovascular Research
Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Viñas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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48
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Kanj AB, Müller K, Heinke L. Stimuli‐Responsive Metal‐Organic Frameworks with Photoswitchable Azobenzene Side Groups. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 39. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anemar Bruno Kanj
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG) Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Kai Müller
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG) Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Lars Heinke
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG) Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
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49
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Doistau B, Benda L, Cantin JL, Chamoreau LM, Ruiz E, Marvaud V, Hasenknopf B, Vives G. Six States Switching of Redox-Active Molecular Tweezers by Three Orthogonal Stimuli. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:9213-9220. [PMID: 28605200 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b02945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A six level molecular switch based on terpyridine(Ni-salphen)2 tweezers and addressable by three orthogonal stimuli (metal coordination, redox reaction, and guest binding) is reported. By a metal coordination stimulus, the tweezers can be mechanically switched from an open "W"-shaped conformation to a closed "U"-shaped form. Theses two states can each be reversibly oxidized by the redox stimulus and bind to a pyrazine guest resulting in four additional states. All six states are stable and accessible by the right combination of stimuli and were studied by NMR, XRD, EPR spectroscopy, and DFT calculations. The combination of the supramolecular concepts of mechanical motion and guest binding with the redox noninnocent and valence tautomerism properties of Ni-salphen complexes added two new dimensions to a mechanical switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Doistau
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire , UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Lorien Benda
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire , UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Cantin
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSP , 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Lise-Marie Chamoreau
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire , UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Eliseo Ruiz
- Departament de Química Inorgànica and Institut de Recerca de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona , Diagonal 645, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valérie Marvaud
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire , UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Bernold Hasenknopf
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire , UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Vives
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire , UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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50
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Ariga K, Mori T, Nakanishi W, Hill JP. Solid surface vs. liquid surface: nanoarchitectonics, molecular machines, and DNA origami. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:23658-23676. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02280h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Comparisons of science and technology between these solid and liquid surfaces would be a good navigation for current-to-future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Ariga
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Centre for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA)
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
- Tsukuba 305-0044
- Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Science
| | - Taizo Mori
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Centre for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA)
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
- Tsukuba 305-0044
- Japan
| | - Waka Nakanishi
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Centre for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA)
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
- Tsukuba 305-0044
- Japan
| | - Jonathan P. Hill
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Centre for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA)
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
- Tsukuba 305-0044
- Japan
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