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Bora JR, Mahalakshmi R. Photoradical-Mediated Catalyst-Independent Protein Cross-Link with Unusual Fluorescence Properties. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300380. [PMID: 37232210 PMCID: PMC7615464 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Photo-actively modified natural amino acids have served as lucrative probes for precise mapping of the dynamics, interaction networks, and turnover of cytosolic proteins both in vivo and ex vivo. In our attempts to extend the utility of photoreactive reporters to map the molecular characteristics of vital membrane proteins, we carried out site-selective incorporation of 7-fluoro-indole in the human mitochondrial outer membrane protein VDAC2 (voltage-dependent anion channel isoform 2), with the aim of generating Trp-Phe/Tyr cross-links. Prolonged irradiation at 282 nm provided us with a surprisingly unusual fluorophore that displayed sizably red-shifted excitation (λex-max =280 nm→360 nm) and emission (λem-max =330 nm→430 nm) spectra that was reversible with organic solvents. By measuring the kinetics of the photo-activated cross-linking with a library of hVDAC2 variants, we demonstrate that formation of this unusual fluorophore is kinetically retarded, independent of tryptophan, and is site-specific. Using other membrane (Tom40 and Sam50) and cytosolic (MscR and DNA Pol I) proteins, we additionally show that formation of this fluorophore is protein-independent. Our findings reveal the photoradical-mediated accumulation of reversible tyrosine cross-links, with unusual fluorescent properties. Our findings have immediate applications in protein biochemistry and UV-mediated protein aggregation and cellular damage, opening avenues for formulating therapeutics that prolong cell viability in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinam Ravindra Bora
- Molecular Biophysics Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, Madhya Pradesh (India)
| | - Radhakrishnan Mahalakshmi
- Molecular Biophysics Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, Madhya Pradesh (India)
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2
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Designing Formulation Strategies for Enhanced Stability of Therapeutic Peptides in Aqueous Solutions: A Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030935. [PMID: 36986796 PMCID: PMC10056213 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, there has been a tremendous increase in the utilization of therapeutic peptides. Therapeutic peptides are usually administered via the parenteral route, requiring an aqueous formulation. Unfortunately, peptides are often unstable in aqueous solutions, affecting stability and bioactivity. Although a stable and dry formulation for reconstitution might be designed, from a pharmaco-economic and practical convenience point of view, a peptide formulation in an aqueous liquid form is preferred. Designing formulation strategies that optimize peptide stability may improve bioavailability and increase therapeutic efficacy. This literature review provides an overview of various degradation pathways and formulation strategies to stabilize therapeutic peptides in aqueous solutions. First, we introduce the major peptide stability issues in liquid formulations and the degradation mechanisms. Then, we present a variety of known strategies to inhibit or slow down peptide degradation. Overall, the most practical approaches to peptide stabilization are pH optimization and selecting the appropriate type of buffer. Other practical strategies to reduce peptide degradation rates in solution are the application of co-solvency, air exclusion, viscosity enhancement, PEGylation, and using polyol excipients.
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3
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Gatin A, Duchambon P, van der Rest G, Billault I, Sicard-Roselli C. Protein Dimerization via Tyr Residues: Highlight of a Slow Process with Co-Existence of Numerous Intermediates and Final Products. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031174. [PMID: 35163094 PMCID: PMC8835203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein dimerization via tyrosine residues is a crucial process in response to an oxidative attack, which has been identified in many ageing-related pathologies. Recently, it has been found that for isolated tyrosine amino acid, dimerization occurs through three types of tyrosine–tyrosine crosslinks and leads to at least four final products. Herein, considering two protected tyrosine residues, tyrosine-containing peptides and finally proteins, we investigate the dimerization behavior of tyrosine when embedded in a peptidic sequence. After azide radical oxidation and by combining UPLC-MS and H/D exchange analyzes, we were able to evidence: (i) the slow kinetics of Michael Addition Dimers (MAD) formation, i.e., more than 48 h; (ii) the co-existence of intermediates and final cyclized dimer products; and (iii) the probable involvement of amide functions to achieve Michael additions even in proteins. This raises the question of the possible in vivo existence of both intermediates and final entities as well as their toxicity and the potential consequences on protein structure and/or function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouchka Gatin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique UMR 8000, CEDEX, 91405 Orsay, France; (A.G.); (G.v.d.R.); (I.B.)
| | - Patricia Duchambon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Curie UMR 9187, INSERM U1196, CEDEX, 91405 Orsay, France;
| | - Guillaume van der Rest
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique UMR 8000, CEDEX, 91405 Orsay, France; (A.G.); (G.v.d.R.); (I.B.)
| | - Isabelle Billault
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique UMR 8000, CEDEX, 91405 Orsay, France; (A.G.); (G.v.d.R.); (I.B.)
| | - Cécile Sicard-Roselli
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique UMR 8000, CEDEX, 91405 Orsay, France; (A.G.); (G.v.d.R.); (I.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-69-15-77-32
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4
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Permana D, Minamihata K, Sato R, Wakabayashi R, Goto M, Kamiya N. Linear Polymerization of Protein by Sterically Controlled Enzymatic Cross-Linking with a Tyrosine-Containing Peptide Loop. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:5160-5169. [PMID: 32201803 PMCID: PMC7081431 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The structure of a protein complex needs to be controlled appropriately to maximize its functions. Herein, we report the linear polymerization of bacterial alkaline phosphatase (BAP) through the site-specific cross-linking reaction catalyzed by Trametes sp. laccase (TL). We introduced a peptide loop containing a tyrosine (Y-Loop) to BAP, and the Y-Looped BAP was treated with TL. The Y-Looped BAP formed linear polymers, whereas BAP fused with a C-terminal peptide containing a tyrosine (Y-tag) showed an irregular shape after TL treatment. The sterically confined structure of the Y-Loop could be responsible for the formation of linear BAP polymers. TL-catalyzed copolymerization of Y-Looped BAP and a Y-tagged chimeric antibody-binding protein, pG2pA-Y, resulted in the formation of linear bifunctional protein copolymers that could be employed as protein probes in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Copolymers comprising Y-Looped BAP and pG2pA-Y at a molar ratio of 100:1 exhibited the highest signal in the ELISA with 26- and 20-fold higher than a genetically fused chimeric protein, BAP-pG2pA-Y, and its polymeric form, respectively. This result revealed that the morphology of the copolymers was the most critical feature to improve the functionality of the protein polymers as detection probes, not only for immunoassays but also for other diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dani Permana
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Research
Unit for Clean Technology, Indonesian Institute
of Sciences (LIPI), Kampus LIPI Bandung Gedung 50, Jl. Cisitu, Bandung 40135, Indonesia
| | - Kosuke Minamihata
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ryo Sato
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Rie Wakabayashi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masahiro Goto
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Division
of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Noriho Kamiya
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Division
of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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5
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Wördehoff MM, Shaykhalishahi H, Groß L, Gremer L, Stoldt M, Buell AK, Willbold D, Hoyer W. Opposed Effects of Dityrosine Formation in Soluble and Aggregated α-Synuclein on Fibril Growth. J Mol Biol 2017; 429:3018-3030. [PMID: 28918091 PMCID: PMC5637163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. It is characterized by aggregation of the protein α-synuclein (α-syn) in Lewy bodies, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased oxidative stress in the substantia nigra. Oxidative stress leads to several modifications of biomolecules including dityrosine (DiY) crosslinking in proteins, which has recently been detected in α-syn in Lewy bodies from Parkinson's disease patients. Here we report that α-syn is highly susceptible to ultraviolet-induced DiY formation. We investigated DiY formation of α-syn and nine tyrosine-to-alanine mutants and monitored its effect on α-syn fibril formation in vitro. Ultraviolet irradiation of intrinsically disordered α-syn generates DiY-modified monomers and dimers, which inhibit fibril formation of unmodified α-syn by interfering with fibril elongation. The inhibition depends on both the DiY group and its integration into α-syn. When preformed α-syn fibrils are crosslinked by DiY formation, they gain increased resistance to denaturation. DiY-stabilized α-syn fibrils retain their high seeding efficiency even after being exposed to denaturant concentrations that completely depolymerize non-crosslinked seeds. Oxidative stress-associated DiY crosslinking of α-syn therefore entails two opposing effects: (i) inhibition of aggregation by DiY-modified monomers and dimers, and (ii) stabilization of fibrillar aggregates against potential degradation mechanisms, which can lead to promotion of aggregation, especially in the presence of secondary nucleation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Wördehoff
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hamed Shaykhalishahi
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Luca Groß
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lothar Gremer
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-6), Structural Biochemistry, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Matthias Stoldt
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-6), Structural Biochemistry, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Alexander K Buell
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dieter Willbold
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-6), Structural Biochemistry, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hoyer
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-6), Structural Biochemistry, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
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6
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Donnelly PE, Chen T, Finch A, Brial C, Maher SA, Torzilli PA. Photocrosslinked tyramine-substituted hyaluronate hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties improve immediate tissue-hydrogel interfacial strength in articular cartilage. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2017; 28:582-600. [PMID: 28134036 PMCID: PMC5462458 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2017.1289035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage lacks the ability to self-repair and a permanent solution for cartilage repair remains elusive. Hydrogel implantation is a promising technique for cartilage repair; however for the technique to be successful hydrogels must interface with the surrounding tissue. The objective of this study was to investigate the tunability of mechanical properties in a hydrogel system using a phenol-substituted polymer, tyramine-substituted hyaluronate (TA-HA), and to determine if the hydrogels could form an interface with cartilage. We hypothesized that tyramine moieties on hyaluronate could crosslink to aromatic amino acids in the cartilage extracellular matrix. Ultraviolet (UV) light and a riboflavin photosensitizer were used to create a hydrogel by tyramine self-crosslinking. The gel mechanical properties were tuned by varying riboflavin concentration, TA-HA concentration, and UV exposure time. Hydrogels formed with a minimum of 2.5 min of UV exposure. The compressive modulus varied from 5 to 16 kPa. Fluorescence spectroscopy analysis found differences in dityramine content. Cyanine-3 labelled tyramide reactivity at the surface of cartilage was dependent on the presence of riboflavin and UV exposure time. Hydrogels fabricated within articular cartilage defects had increasing peak interfacial shear stress at the cartilage-hydrogel interface with increasing UV exposure time, reaching a maximum shear stress 3.5× greater than a press-fit control. Our results found that phenol-substituted polymer/riboflavin systems can be used to fabricate hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties and can interface with the surface tissue, such as articular cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick E. Donnelly
- Laboratory for Soft Tissue Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Department of Biomechanics, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Tony Chen
- Laboratory for Soft Tissue Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Department of Biomechanics, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Anthony Finch
- Laboratory for Soft Tissue Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Caroline Brial
- Department of Biomechanics, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Suzanne A. Maher
- Laboratory for Soft Tissue Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Department of Biomechanics, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Peter A. Torzilli
- Laboratory for Soft Tissue Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
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7
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Dinda AK, Chattaraj S, Ghosh S, Tripathy DR, Dasgupta S. DNA melting properties of the dityrosine cross-linked dimer of Ribonuclease A. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 162:535-543. [PMID: 27475778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Several DNA binding proteins exist in dimeric form when bound with DNA to be able to exhibit various biological processes such as DNA repair, DNA replication and gene expression. Various dimeric forms of Ribonuclease A (RNase A) and other members of the ribonuclease A superfamily are endowed with a multitude of biological activities such as antitumor and antiviral activity. In the present study, we have compared the DNA binding properties between the RNase A monomer and the dityrosine (DT) cross-linked RNase A dimer, and checked the inhibitory effect of DNA on the ribonucleolytic activity of the dimeric protein. An agarose gel based assay shows that like the monomer, the dimer also binds with DNA. The number of nucleotides bound per monomer unit of the dimer is higher than the number of nucleotides that bind with the each monomer. From fluorescence measurements, the association constant (Ka) values for complexation of the monomer and the dimer with ct-DNA are (4.95±0.45)×10(4)M(-1) and (1.29±0.05)×10(6)M(-1) respectively. Binding constant (Kb) values for the binding of the monomer and the dimer with ct-DNA were determined using UV-vis spectroscopy and were found to be (4.96±1.67)×10(4)M(-1) and (4.32±0.31)×10(5)M(-1) respectively. Circular dichroism studies shows that the dimer possesses significant effect on DNA conformation. The melting profile for the ct-DNA-dimer indicated that the melting temperature (Tm) for the ct-DNA-dimer complex is lower compared to the ct-DNA-monomer complex. The ribonucleolytic activity of the dimer, like the monomer, diminishes upon binding with DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Dinda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Saparya Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Sudeshna Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Debi Ranjan Tripathy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Swagata Dasgupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, India.
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8
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Comparison of the ribonucleolytic activity of the dityrosine cross-linked Ribonuclease A dimer with its monomer in the presence of inhibitors. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 63:107-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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9
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Roberts BR, Ryan TM, Bush AI, Masters CL, Duce JA. The role of metallobiology and amyloid-β peptides in Alzheimer’s disease. J Neurochem 2011; 120 Suppl 1:149-166. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07500.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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10
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Heijnis WH, Dekker HL, de Koning LJ, Wierenga PA, Westphal AH, de Koster CG, Gruppen H, van Berkel WJH. Identification of the peroxidase-generated intermolecular dityrosine cross-link in bovine α-lactalbumin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:444-449. [PMID: 21162537 DOI: 10.1021/jf104298y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The peroxidase-mediated oxidation of calcium-depleted bovine α-lactalbumin generates a mixture of covalently bound protein oligomers with interesting foaming properties. Here, we isolated the initially formed covalent α-lactalbumin dimer and studied its mode of cross-linking. Liquid chromatography-Fourier transform mass spectrometry (LC-FTMS) of proteolytic digests revealed the unambiguous identification of a peroxidase-catalyzed covalent link between Tyr18 and Tyr50. This shows that, although the radical reaction is often regarded as a random reaction, the initial product formation is specific. Protein structural modeling indicates that the conjugation reaction between these tyrosines is sterically favored and involves initial noncovalent protein complex formation through charge compensation, facilitating intermolecular cross-linking. The identification of the Tyr18-Tyr50 cross-link supports the view that the peroxidase-mediated oxidation of apo α-lactalbumin is a sequential process, involving the formation of linear trimers and higher order oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter H Heijnis
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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11
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Chakraborty M, Bhattacharya D, Mukhopadhyay C, Chakrabarti A. Structure and conformational studies on dityrosine formation in the DNA binding domain of RFX5. Biophys Chem 2010; 149:92-101. [PMID: 20457484 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2010.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2010] [Revised: 04/17/2010] [Accepted: 04/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The DNA binding protein RFX5 is a subunit of RFX complex involved in transcription regulation of MHCII molecules. The RFX complex binds to the X-box DNA through the DNA binding domain of RFX5. We have examined the formation of intramolecular tyrosine cross linking, dityrosine, in RFX5DBD under oxidative stress, through UV irradiation and enzymatic action of H(2)O(2)/peroxidase by fluorescence spectroscopic studies. Dityrosine (DT) was formed predominantly in alkaline condition showing its intense characteristic fluorescence emission. Homology modeling indicated Y(39) and Y(42) could be the potential tyrosine residues undergoing oxidative cross-linking. Conformational changes in RFX5DBD under oxidative stress were observed by CD measurements. The in vitro association of X-box DNA with RFX5DBD increased DT fluorescence significantly and protected RFX5DBD from UV irradiation as observed in SDS-PAGE followed by mass spectrometric analysis. Results indicate cross protection in both RFX5DBD and DNA under oxidative stress playing important role in protein modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumita Chakraborty
- Biophysics Division and Structural Genomics Section, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India
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12
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Blouquit Y, Duchambon P, Brun E, Marco S, Rusconi F, Sicard-Roselli C. High sensitivity of human centrin 2 toward radiolytical oxidation: C-terminal tyrosinyl residue as the main target. Free Radic Biol Med 2007; 43:216-28. [PMID: 17603931 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2006] [Revised: 03/27/2007] [Accepted: 04/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Centrins are calcium-binding proteins that play a significant role in the maintenance of the centrosomal organization, mainly in the continuity between centrosome and microtubular network. Recent data showed that centrosome duplication abnormalities, like overduplication for example, could be due to hydrogen peroxide, suggesting an important impact of oxidative stress. To challenge this hypothesis, we performed one-electron oxidation experiments with human centrin 2, starting from azide radicals. Our results first revealed several intermolecular cross-links generating dimers, tetramers, hexamers, and higher molecular mass species. Dimers result from covalent bond linking the C-terminal tyrosines of each monomer. Second, the methionyl residue at position 19 was oxidized on the monomeric centrin. Further, electron microscopy experiments on centrin 2 showed a preexisting hexameric organization that was stabilized by covalent bonds as a result of irradiation. Overall, these results show that centrin 2 is highly sensitive to ionizing radiation, which could have important consequences on its biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Blouquit
- INSERM U759, Imagerie Intégrative, Campus Universitaire d'Orsay, Bât. 112, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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13
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Andreev OA, Reshetnyak YK, Goldfarb RH. Evidence of inter- and intra-molecular crosslinking of tyrosine residues of calmodulin induced by photo-activation of ruthenium(II). Photochem Photobiol Sci 2002; 1:834-6. [PMID: 12656487 DOI: 10.1039/b201474b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(n) upon illumination with light at a wavelength of 450 nm in the presence of an electron acceptor induces dityrosine crosslinking in proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg A Andreev
- Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 7610, USA.
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14
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van der Vlies D, Pap EHW, Post JA, Celis JE, Wirtz KWA. Endoplasmic reticulum resident proteins of normal human dermal fibroblasts are the major targets for oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide. Biochem J 2002; 366:825-30. [PMID: 12071860 PMCID: PMC1222834 DOI: 10.1042/bj20020618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2002] [Revised: 06/10/2002] [Accepted: 06/19/2002] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The membrane-permeable fluorescein-labelled tyramine conjugate (acetylTyrFluo) was used to identify the proteins of normal human dermal fibroblasts most susceptible to oxidation by hydrogen peroxide [Van der Vlies, Wirtz and Pap (2001) Biochemistry 40, 7783-7788]. By exposing the cells to H(2)O(2) (0.1 mM for 10 min), TyrFluo was covalently linked to target proteins. TyrFluo-labelled and [(35)S]Met-labelled cell lysates were mixed and subjected to two-dimensional PAGE. After Western blotting the (35)S-labelled proteins were visualized by autoradiography and the TyrFluo-labelled proteins by using anti-fluorescein antibody. The TyrFluo-labelled proteins were matched with the (35)S-labelled proteins and identified by comparison with our mastermap of proteins. Protein disulphide isomerase (PDI), IgG-binding protein (BiP), calnexin, endoplasmin and glucose-regulated protein 58 (endoplasmic reticulum protein 57/GRP58) were identified as targets of oxidation. All these proteins reside in the endoplasmic reticulum and are part of the protein folding machinery. In agreement, confocal laser scanning microscopy showed co-localization of TyrFluo-labelled proteins and the KDEL receptor ERD-2, a marker for the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis van der Vlies
- Centre for Biomembranes and Lipid Enzymology, Department of Biochemistry of Lipids, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
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15
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Metabolism of Aromatic Compounds and Nucleic Acid Bases. Biochemistry 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-012492543-4/50028-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kim K, Fancy DA, Carney D, Kodadek T. Photoinduced Protein Cross-Linking Mediated by Palladium Porphyrins. J Am Chem Soc 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9916355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyonghee Kim
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry Center for Biomedical Inventions University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, Texas 75390-8573
| | - David A. Fancy
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry Center for Biomedical Inventions University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, Texas 75390-8573
| | - Darren Carney
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry Center for Biomedical Inventions University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, Texas 75390-8573
| | - Thomas Kodadek
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry Center for Biomedical Inventions University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, Texas 75390-8573
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Kanwar R, Balasubramanian D. Structure and stability of the dityrosine-linked dimer of gammaB-crystallin. Exp Eye Res 1999; 68:773-84. [PMID: 10375441 DOI: 10.1006/exer.1999.0669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative damage to proteins leads to a variety of modifications such as racemization, carbonyl compound formation, new fluorophores, aggregation, crosslinking and insolubility, several of which are markers of pathogenesis. A particular modification that has been associated with abnormal and pathological situations is the dityrosine crosslink in proteins, thought to be responsible for the reduced solubility and elasticity of proteins, and plaque formation. Dityrosine crosslinking has been suspected to occur in the crystallins of the eye lens during cataract. We focus attention here on the generation, structure and conformational stability of such a dityrosine-linked protein of the eye lens. We find this crosslink to be readily generated photodynamically in the presence of sensitizers. Among the crystallins, crosslinking occurs most readily in the gamma-crystallins under these conditions. We have isolated, purified and studied the properties of the dityrosine-linked dimer of the eye lens protein gammaB-crystallin. While the dityrosine crosslink does not alter the secondary structure of the protein, it changes the tertiary structure in a subtle manner. This alteration destabilizes the dimer, which denatures more readily than the parent monomer, and also makes it precipitate more readily, a point of relevance to cataractogenesis of the eye lens. Comparison of these results with those reported on other dityrosine-dimerized proteins suggests that while the conformation of these proteins might not be altered in a major manner upon dityrosine linkage, the dimer is structurally less stable and displays reduced solubility, both of which are of pathological importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kanwar
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
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Abstract
A biomimetic protein cross-linking reaction is described which employs oxidatively-activated manganese and iron porphyrins as the reactive species. A wide range of proteins cross-link under these conditions, but only if they are intimately associated in solution. The reaction is rapid, efficient, and will be useful for the suprastructural analysis of multiprotein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Campbell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, Austin 78712, USA
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Fancy DA, Kodadek T. A critical role for tyrosine residues in His6Ni-mediated protein cross-linking. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 247:420-6. [PMID: 9642143 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A new type of affinity cross-linking strategy has been developed in which His6-tagged proteins can be cross-linked to their binding partners in the presence of unmodified proteins (D. Fancy, K. Melcher, S. A. Johnston, and T. Kodadek, 1996, Chem. Biol. 3, 551-559). The chemistry involves the addition of Ni(II) to the His6 tag, followed by oxidation of the metal with a peracid. It is shown here that, in addition to the His6 tag, a tyrosine residue placed in close proximity to the metal-binding site can strongly stimulate the yield of cross-linked product. This finding has important practical implications in the use of the His6-Ni-based cross-linking reaction for the analysis of multiprotein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Fancy
- Center for Biomedical Inventions, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas, 75235-8573, USA
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