1
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Sun Q, Chen YN, Liu YZ. The Effects of External Interfaces on Hydrophobic Interactions I: Smooth Surface. Molecules 2024; 29:3128. [PMID: 38999080 PMCID: PMC11243484 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
External interfaces, such as the air-water and solid-liquid interfaces, are ubiquitous in nature. Hydrophobic interactions are considered the fundamental driving force in many physical and chemical processes occurring in aqueous solutions. It is important to understand the effects of external interfaces on hydrophobic interactions. According to the structural studies on liquid water and the air-water interface, the external interface primarily affects the structure of the topmost water layer (interfacial water). Therefore, an external interface may affect hydrophobic interactions. The effects of interfaces on hydrophobicity are related not only to surface molecular polarity but also to the geometric characteristics of the external interface, such as shape and surface roughness. This study is devoted to understanding the effects of a smooth interface on hydrophobicity. Due to hydrophobic interactions, the solutes tend to accumulate at external interfaces to maximize the hydrogen bonding of water. Additionally, these can be demonstrated by the calculated potential mean forces (PMFs) using molecular dynamic (MD) simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, Ministry of Education, The School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China (Y.-Z.L.)
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2
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Enzlein T, Lashley T, Sammour DA, Hopf C, Chávez-Gutiérrez L. Integrative Single-Plaque Analysis Reveals Signature Aβ and Lipid Profiles in the Alzheimer's Brain. Anal Chem 2024; 96:9799-9807. [PMID: 38830618 PMCID: PMC11190877 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) initiates molecular and cellular cascades that lead to Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, amyloid deposition does not invariably lead to dementia. Amyloid-positive but cognitively unaffected (AP-CU) individuals present widespread amyloid pathology, suggesting that molecular signatures more complex than the total amyloid burden are required to better differentiate AD from AP-CU cases. Motivated by the essential role of Aβ and the key lipid involvement in AD pathogenesis, we applied multimodal mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) and machine learning (ML) to investigate amyloid plaque heterogeneity, regarding Aβ and lipid composition, in AP-CU versus AD brain samples at the single-plaque level. Instead of focusing on a population mean, our analytical approach allowed the investigation of large populations of plaques at the single-plaque level. We found that different (sub)populations of amyloid plaques, differing in Aβ and lipid composition, coexist in the brain samples studied. The integration of MSI data with ML-based feature extraction further revealed that plaque-associated gangliosides GM2 and GM1, as well as Aβ1-38, but not Aβ1-42, are relevant differentiators between the investigated pathologies. The pinpointed differences may guide further fundamental research investigating the role of amyloid plaque heterogeneity in AD pathogenesis/progression and may provide molecular clues for further development of emerging immunotherapies to effectively target toxic amyloid assemblies in AD therapy. Our study exemplifies how an integrative analytical strategy facilitates the unraveling of complex biochemical phenomena, advancing our understanding of AD from an analytical perspective and offering potential avenues for the refinement of diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Enzlein
- Center
for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, Mannheim 68163, Germany
- KU
Leuven-VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium
- Department
of Neurosciences, Leuven Institute for Neuroscience and Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Tammaryn Lashley
- Department
of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen
Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, U.K.
| | - Denis Abu Sammour
- Center
for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, Mannheim 68163, Germany
| | - Carsten Hopf
- Center
for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, Mannheim 68163, Germany
- Mannheim
Center for Translational Neuroscience (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Lucía Chávez-Gutiérrez
- KU
Leuven-VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium
- Department
of Neurosciences, Leuven Institute for Neuroscience and Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
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3
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Su H, Masters CL, Bush AI, Barnham KJ, Reid GE, Vella LJ. Exploring the significance of lipids in Alzheimer's disease and the potential of extracellular vesicles. Proteomics 2024; 24:e2300063. [PMID: 37654087 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Lipids play a significant role in maintaining central nervous system (CNS) structure and function, and the dysregulation of lipid metabolism is known to occur in many neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. Here we review what is currently known about lipid dyshomeostasis in Alzheimer's disease. We propose that small extracellular vesicle (sEV) lipids may provide insight into the pathophysiology and progression of Alzheimer's disease. This stems from the recognition that sEV likely contributes to disease pathogenesis, but also an understanding that sEV can serve as a source of potential biomarkers. While the protein and RNA content of sEV in the CNS diseases have been studied extensively, our understanding of the lipidome of sEV in the CNS is still in its infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqi Su
- The Florey, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Colin L Masters
- The Florey, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ashley I Bush
- The Florey, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kevin J Barnham
- The Florey, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gavin E Reid
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura J Vella
- The Florey, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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4
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Strnad Š, Vrkoslav V, Mengr A, Fabián O, Rybáček J, Kubánek M, Melenovský V, Maletínská L, Cvačka J. Thermal evaporation as sample preparation for silver-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging of cholesterol in amyloid tissues. Analyst 2024; 149:3152-3160. [PMID: 38630503 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00181h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Cholesterol plays an important biological role in the body, and its disruption in homeostasis and synthesis has been implicated in several diseases. Mapping the locations of cholesterol is crucial for gaining a better understanding of these conditions. Silver deposition has proven to be an effective method for analyzing cholesterol using mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). We optimized and evaluated thermal evaporation as an alternative deposition technique to sputtering for silver deposition in MSI of cholesterol. A silver layer with a thickness of 6 nm provided an optimal combination of cholesterol signal intensity and mass resolution. The deposition of an ultrathin nanofilm of silver enabled high-resolution MSI with a pixel size of 10 μm. We used this optimized method to visualize the distribution of cholesterol in the senile plaques in the brains of APP/PS1 mice, a model that resembles Alzheimer's disease pathology. We found that cholesterol was evenly distributed across the frontal cortex tissue, with no evidence of plaque-like accumulation. Additionally, we investigated the presence and distribution of cholesterol in myocardial sections of a human heart affected by wild-type ATTR amyloidosis. We identified the presence of cholesterol in areas with amyloid deposition, but complete colocalization was not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Štěpán Strnad
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Vladimír Vrkoslav
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Anna Mengr
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondřej Fabián
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, 140 59, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Rybáček
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Miloš Kubánek
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Melenovský
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Maletínská
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Josef Cvačka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10, Prague, Czech Republic.
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5
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Miyamoto E, Hayashi H, Murayama S, Yanagisawa K, Sato T, Matsubara T. Prevention of amyloid β fibril deposition on the synaptic membrane in the precuneus by ganglioside nanocluster-targeting inhibitors. RSC Chem Biol 2024; 5:459-466. [PMID: 38725912 PMCID: PMC11078214 DOI: 10.1039/d4cb00038b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative condition, is one of the most common causes of dementia. Senile plaques, a hallmark of AD, are formed by the accumulation of amyloid β protein (Aβ), which starts to aggregate before the onset of the disease. Gangliosides, sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids, play a key role in the formation of toxic Aβ aggregates. In membrane rafts, ganglioside-bound complexes (GAβ) act as nuclei for Aβ assembly, suggesting that GAβ is a promising target for AD therapy. The formation of GAβ-induced Aβ assemblies has been evaluated using reconstituted planar lipid membranes composed of synaptosomal plasma membrane (SPM) lipids extracted from human and mouse brains. Although the effects of gangliosides on Aβ accumulation in the precuneus have been established, effects on Aβ fibrils have not been determined. In this study, Aβ42 fibrils on reconstituted membranes composed of SPM lipids prepared from the precuneus cortex of human autopsied brains were evaluated by atomic force microscopy. In particular, Aβ42 accumulation, as well as the fibril number and size were higher for membranes with precuneus lipids than for membranes with calcarine cortex lipids. In addition, artificial peptide inhibitors targeting Aβ-sensitive ganglioside nanoclusters cleared Aβ assemblies on synaptic membranes in the brain, providing a novel therapeutic strategy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Miyamoto
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kouhoku-ku Yokohama 223-8522 Japan
| | - Hideki Hayashi
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences 1432-1 Horinouchi Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
| | - Shigeo Murayama
- Brain Bank for Aging Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology 35-2 Sakae-cho Itabashi-ku Tokyo 173-0015 Japan
- Brain Bank for Neurodevelopmental, Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Yanagisawa
- Research and Development Center for Precision Medicine, University of Tsukuba 1-2 Kasuga Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8550 Japan
| | - Toshinori Sato
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kouhoku-ku Yokohama 223-8522 Japan
| | - Teruhiko Matsubara
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kouhoku-ku Yokohama 223-8522 Japan
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Wang X, Li H, Sheng Y, He B, Liu Z, Li W, Yu S, Wang J, Zhang Y, Chen J, Qin L, Meng X. The function of sphingolipids in different pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116071. [PMID: 38183741 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids (SPLs) represent a highly diverse and structurally complex lipid class. The discussion of SPL metabolism-related issues is of importance in understanding the neuropathological progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular deposits of the amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) and intraneuronal aggregates of the microtubule-associated protein tau. Critical roles of Aβ oligomer deposited and ganglioside GM1 could be formed as "seed" from insoluble GAβ polymer in initiating the pathogenic process, while tau might also mediate SPLs and their toxicity. The interaction between ceramide and α-Synuclein (α-Syn) accelerates the aggregation of ferroptosis and exacerbates the pathogenesis of AD. For instance, reducing the levels of SPLs can mitigate α-Syn accumulation and inhibit AD progression. Meanwhile, loss of SPLs may inhibit the expression of APOE4 and confer protection against AD, while the loss of APOE4 expression also disrupts SPLs homeostasis. Moreover, the heightened activation of sphingomyelinase promotes the ferroptosis signaling pathway, leading to exacerbated AD symptoms. Ferroptosis plays a vital role in the pathological progression of AD by influencing Aβ, tau, APOE, and α-Syn. Conversely, the development of AD also exacerbates the manifestation of ferroptosis and SPLs. We are compiling the emerging techniques (Derivatization and IM-MS) of sphingolipidomics, to overcome the challenges of AD diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we examined the intricate neuro-mechanistic interactions between SPLs and Aβ, tau, α-Syn, APOE, and ferroptosis, mediating the onset of AD. Furthermore, our findings highlight the potential of targeting SPLs as underexplored avenue for devising innovative therapeutic strategies against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Huaqiang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Yunjie Sheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Bingqian He
- Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Zeying Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Wanli Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Shujie Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Jiajing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Jianyu Chen
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, PR China.
| | - Luping Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Xiongyu Meng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
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7
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Singh A, Ansari VA, Mahmood T, Ahsan F, Maheshwari S. Repercussion of Primary Nucleation Pathway: Dementia and Cognitive Impairment. Curr Aging Sci 2024; 17:196-204. [PMID: 38083895 DOI: 10.2174/0118746098243327231117113748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and prion disease, are characterized by the conversion of normally soluble proteins or peptides into aggregated amyloidal fibrils. These diseases result in the permanent loss of specific types of neurons, making them incurable and devastating. Research on animal models of memory problems mentioned in this article contributes to our knowledge of brain health and functionality. Neurodegenerative disorders, which often lead to cognitive impairment and dementia, are becoming more prevalent as global life expectancy increases. These diseases cause severe neurological impairment and neuronal death, making them highly debilitating. Exploring and understanding these complex diseases offer significant insights into the fundamental processes essential for maintaining brain health. Exploring the intricate mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases not only holds promise for potential treatments but also enhances our understanding of fundamental brain health and functionality. By unraveling the complexities of these disorders, researchers can pave the way for advancements in diagnosis, treatment, and ultimately, improving the lives of individuals affected by neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Singh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Vaseem A Ansari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Tarique Mahmood
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Farogh Ahsan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
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8
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Miyamoto E, Sato T, Matsubara T. Cyclization of Peptides Enhances the Inhibitory Activity against Ganglioside-Induced Aβ Fibril Formation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:4199-4207. [PMID: 37971427 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease and is the most common cause of dementia. It has been reported that the assembly of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) on the cell membrane is induced by the interaction of the Aβ monomer with gangliosides such as GM1. The ganglioside-bound Aβ (GAβ) complex acts as a seed to promote the toxic assembly of the Aβ fibrils. In a previous study, we found that a GM1 cluster-binding peptide (GCBP) specifically recognizes Aβ-sensitive ganglioside nanoclusters and inhibits the assembly of Aβ on a GM1-containing lipid membrane. In this study, cysteine-substituted double mutants of GCBP were designed and cyclized by intramolecular disulfide bond formation. Affinity assays indicated that one of the cyclic peptides had a higher affinity to a GM1-containing membrane compared to that of GCBP. Furthermore, surface topography analysis indicated that this peptide recognizes GM1 nanoclusters on the lipid membrane. An evaluation of the inhibitory kinetics indicated that the cyclic peptide could inhibit the formation of Aβ fibrils with an IC50 value of 1.2 fM, which is 10,000-fold higher than that of GCBP. The cyclic peptide was also shown to have a clearance effect on Aβ fibrils deposited on the lipid membrane and suppressed the formation of toxic Aβ assemblies. Our results indicate that the cyclic peptide that binds to the Aβ-sensitive ganglioside nanocluster is a potential novel inhibitor of ganglioside-induced Aβ assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Miyamoto
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kouhoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Toshinori Sato
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kouhoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Matsubara
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kouhoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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Meza U, Romero-Méndez C, Sánchez-Armáss S, Rodríguez-Menchaca AA. Role of rafts in neurological disorders. Neurologia 2023; 38:671-680. [PMID: 37858892 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rafts are protein-lipid structural nanodomains involved in efficient signal transduction and the modulation of physiological processes of the cell plasma membrane. Raft disruption in the nervous system has been associated with a wide range of disorders. DEVELOPMENT We review the concept of rafts, the nervous system processes in which they are involved, and their role in diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer disease, and Huntington disease. CONCLUSIONS Based on the available evidence, preservation and/or reconstitution of rafts is a promising treatment strategy for a wide range of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Meza
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México.
| | - C Romero-Méndez
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México.
| | - S Sánchez-Armáss
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México.
| | - A A Rodríguez-Menchaca
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México.
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10
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Salazar J, Samhan-Arias AK, Gutierrez-Merino C. Hexa-Histidine, a Peptide with Versatile Applications in the Study of Amyloid-β(1-42) Molecular Mechanisms of Action. Molecules 2023; 28:7138. [PMID: 36615312 PMCID: PMC10609148 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) oligomers are the most neurotoxic forms of Aβ, and Aβ(1-42) is the prevalent Aβ peptide found in the amyloid plaques of Alzheimer's disease patients. Aβ(25-35) is the shortest peptide that retains the toxicity of Aβ(1-42). Aβ oligomers bind to calmodulin (CaM) and calbindin-D28k with dissociation constants in the nanomolar Aβ(1-42) concentration range. Aβ and histidine-rich proteins have a high affinity for transition metal ions Cu2+, Fe3+ and Zn2+. In this work, we show that the fluorescence of Aβ(1-42) HiLyteTM-Fluor555 can be used to monitor hexa-histidine peptide (His6) interaction with Aβ(1-42). The formation of His6/Aβ(1-42) complexes is also supported by docking results yielded by the MDockPeP Server. Also, we found that micromolar concentrations of His6 block the increase in the fluorescence of Aβ(1-42) HiLyteTM-Fluor555 produced by its interaction with the proteins CaM and calbindin-D28k. In addition, we found that the His6-tag provides a high-affinity site for the binding of Aβ(1-42) and Aβ(25-35) peptides to the human recombinant cytochrome b5 reductase, and sensitizes this enzyme to inhibition by these peptides. In conclusion, our results suggest that a His6-tag could provide a valuable new tool to experimentally direct the action of neurotoxic Aβ peptides toward selected cellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jairo Salazar
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua-León, León 21000, Nicaragua
| | - Alejandro K. Samhan-Arias
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), C\Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ (CSIC-UAM), C\Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Gutierrez-Merino
- Instituto de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
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11
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Gutierrez-Merino C. Brain Hydrophobic Peptides Antagonists of Neurotoxic Amyloid β Peptide Monomers/Oligomers-Protein Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13846. [PMID: 37762148 PMCID: PMC10531495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) oligomers have been linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis and are the main neurotoxic forms of Aβ. This review focuses on the following: (i) the Aβ(1-42):calmodulin interface as a model for the design of antagonist Aβ peptides and its limitations; (ii) proteolytic degradation as the major source of highly hydrophobic peptides in brain cells; and (iii) brain peptides that have been experimentally demonstrated to bind to Aβ monomers or oligomers, Aβ fibrils, or Aβ plaques. It is highlighted that the hydrophobic amino acid residues of the COOH-terminal segment of Aβ(1-42) play a key role in its interaction with intracellular protein partners linked to its neurotoxicity. The major source of highly hydrophobic endogenous peptides of 8-10 amino acids in neurons is the proteasome activity. Many canonical antigen peptides bound to the major histocompatibility complex class 1 are of this type. These highly hydrophobic peptides bind to Aβ and are likely to be efficient antagonists of the binding of Aβ monomers/oligomers concentrations in the nanomolar range with intracellular proteins. Also, their complexation with Aβ will protect them against endopeptidases, suggesting a putative chaperon-like physiological function for Aβ that has been overlooked until now. Remarkably, the hydrophobic amino acid residues of Aβ responsible for the binding of several neuropeptides partially overlap with those playing a key role in its interaction with intracellular protein partners that mediates its neurotoxicity. Therefore, these latter neuropeptides are also potential candidates to antagonize Aβ peptides binding to target proteins. In conclusion, the analysis performed in this review points out that hydrophobic endogenous brain neuropeptides could be valuable biomarkers to evaluate the risk of the onset of sporadic AD, as well as for the prognosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gutierrez-Merino
- Instituto de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
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12
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Viles JH. Imaging Amyloid-β Membrane Interactions: Ion-Channel Pores and Lipid-Bilayer Permeability in Alzheimer's Disease. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 135:e202215785. [PMID: 38515735 PMCID: PMC10952214 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202215785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of the amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) is central to the development of Alzheimer's disease. The mechanism by which Aβ triggers a cascade of events that leads to dementia is a topic of intense investigation. Aβ self-associates into a series of complex assemblies with different structural and biophysical properties. It is the interaction of these oligomeric, protofibril and fibrillar assemblies with lipid membranes, or with membrane receptors, that results in membrane permeability and loss of cellular homeostasis, a key event in Alzheimer's disease pathology. Aβ can have an array of impacts on lipid membranes, reports have included: a carpeting effect; a detergent effect; and Aβ ion-channel pore formation. Recent advances imaging these interactions are providing a clearer picture of Aβ induced membrane disruption. Understanding the relationship between different Aβ structures and membrane permeability will inform therapeutics targeting Aβ cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H. Viles
- Department of Biochemistry, SBBS, Queen MaryUniversity of LondonUK
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13
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Viles JH. Imaging Amyloid-β Membrane Interactions: Ion-Channel Pores and Lipid-Bilayer Permeability in Alzheimer's Disease. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215785. [PMID: 36876912 PMCID: PMC10953358 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of the amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) is central to the development of Alzheimer's disease. The mechanism by which Aβ triggers a cascade of events that leads to dementia is a topic of intense investigation. Aβ self-associates into a series of complex assemblies with different structural and biophysical properties. It is the interaction of these oligomeric, protofibril and fibrillar assemblies with lipid membranes, or with membrane receptors, that results in membrane permeability and loss of cellular homeostasis, a key event in Alzheimer's disease pathology. Aβ can have an array of impacts on lipid membranes, reports have included: a carpeting effect; a detergent effect; and Aβ ion-channel pore formation. Recent advances imaging these interactions are providing a clearer picture of Aβ induced membrane disruption. Understanding the relationship between different Aβ structures and membrane permeability will inform therapeutics targeting Aβ cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H. Viles
- Department of Biochemistry, SBBS, Queen MaryUniversity of LondonUK
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14
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Guo Z. Ganglioside GM1 and the Central Nervous System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119558. [PMID: 37298512 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
GM1 is one of the major glycosphingolipids (GSLs) on the cell surface in the central nervous system (CNS). Its expression level, distribution pattern, and lipid composition are dependent upon cell and tissue type, developmental stage, and disease state, which suggests a potentially broad spectrum of functions of GM1 in various neurological and neuropathological processes. The major focus of this review is the roles that GM1 plays in the development and activities of brains, such as cell differentiation, neuritogenesis, neuroregeneration, signal transducing, memory, and cognition, as well as the molecular basis and mechanisms for these functions. Overall, GM1 is protective for the CNS. Additionally, this review has also examined the relationships between GM1 and neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, GM1 gangliosidosis, Huntington's disease, epilepsy and seizure, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, depression, alcohol dependence, etc., and the functional roles and therapeutic applications of GM1 in these disorders. Finally, current obstacles that hinder more in-depth investigations and understanding of GM1 and the future directions in this field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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15
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Singh A, Ansari VA, Ansari TM, Hasan SM, Ahsan F, Singh K, Wasim R, Maheshwari S, Ahmad A. Consequence of Dementia and Cognitive Impairment by Primary Nucleation Pathway. Horm Metab Res 2023; 55:304-314. [PMID: 37130536 DOI: 10.1055/a-2052-8462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
An acquired loss of cognition in several cognitive domains that is severe enough to interfere with social or professional functioning is called dementia. As well as a moderately in-depth mental status examination by a clinician to identify impairments in memory, language, attention, visuospatial cognition, such as spatial orientation, executive function, and mood, the diagnosis of dementia requires a history evaluating for cognitive decline and impairment in daily activities, with confirmation from a close friend or family member. The start and organization of the cognitive assessment can be helped by short screening tests for cognitive impairment. Clinical presentations show that neurodegenerative diseases are often incurable because patients permanently lose some types of neurons. It has been determined through an assessment that, at best, our understanding of the underlying processes is still rudimentary, which presents exciting new targets for further study as well as the development of diagnostics and drugs. A growing body of research suggests that they also advance our knowledge of the processes that are probably crucial for maintaining the health and functionality of the brain. We concentrate on a number of the animal models of memory problems that have been mentioned in this review article because dementia has numerous etiologies. Serious neurological impairment and neuronal death are the main features of neurodegenerative illnesses, which are also extremely crippling ailments. The most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders are followed by those primary nucleation pathways responsible for cognitive impairment and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Singh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | | | | | | | - Farogh Ahsan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Rufaida Wasim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Asad Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
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16
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Lyubchenko YL. Protein Self-Assembly at the Liquid-Surface Interface. Surface-Mediated Aggregation Catalysis. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:1880-1889. [PMID: 36812408 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c09029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Protein self-assembly into aggregates of various morphologies is a ubiquitous phenomenon in physical chemistry and biophysics. The critical role of amyloid assemblies in the development of diseases, neurodegenerative diseases especially, highlights the importance of understanding the mechanistic picture of the self-assembly process. The translation of this knowledge to the development of efficient preventions and treatments for diseases requires designing experiments at conditions mimicking those in vivo. This Perspective reviews data satisfying two major requirements: membrane environment and physiologically low concentrations of proteins. Recent progress in experiments and computational modeling resulted in a novel model for the amyloid aggregation process at the membrane-liquid interface. The self-assembly under such conditions has a number of critical features, further understanding of which can lead to the development of efficient preventive means and treatments for Alzheimer's and other devastating neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri L Lyubchenko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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17
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Yuyama K, Sun H, Igarashi Y, Monde K, Hirase T, Nakayama M, Makino Y. Immuno-digital invasive cleavage assay for analyzing Alzheimer's amyloid ß-bound extracellular vesicles. Alzheimers Res Ther 2022; 14:140. [PMID: 36184615 PMCID: PMC9528138 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-022-01073-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The protracted preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD) provides the opportunity for early intervention to prevent the disease; however, the lack of minimally invasive and easily detectable biomarkers and their measurement technologies remain unresolved. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized membrane vesicles released from a variety of cells and play important roles in cell-cell communication. Neuron-derived and ganglioside-enriched EVs capture amyloid-ß protein, a major AD agent, and transport it into glial cells for degradation; this suggests that EVs influence Aß accumulation in the brain. EV heterogeneity, however, requires the use of a highly sensitive technique for measuring specific EVs in biofluid. In this study, immuno-digital invasive cleavage assay (idICA) was developed for quantitating target-intact EVs. METHODS EVs were captured onto ganglioside GM1-specific cholera toxin B subunit (CTB)-conjugated magnetic beads and detected with a DNA oligonucleotide-labeled Aß antibody. Fluorescence signals for individual EVs were then counted using an invasive cleavage assay (ICA). This idICA examines the Aß-bound and GM1-containing EVs isolated from the culture supernatant of human APP-overexpressing N2a (APP-N2a) cells and APP transgenic mice sera. RESULTS The idICA quantitatively detected Aß-bound and GM1-containing EVs isolated from culture supernatants of APP-N2a cells and sera of AD model mice. The idICA levels of Aß-associated EVs in blood gradually increased from 3- to 12-month-old mice, corresponding to the progression of Aß accumulations in the brain of AD model mice. CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest that peripheral EVs harboring Aß and GM1 reflect Aß burden in mice. The idICA is a valuable tool for easy quantitative detection of EVs as an accessible biomarker for preclinical AD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Yuyama
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan.
| | - Hui Sun
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Igarashi
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Kenji Monde
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-21, Nishi-11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Takumi Hirase
- Technical Research Institute, TOPPAN INC., 4-2-3 Takanodaiminami, Sugito-machi, Saitama, 345-8508, Japan
| | - Masato Nakayama
- Technical Research Institute, TOPPAN INC., 4-2-3 Takanodaiminami, Sugito-machi, Saitama, 345-8508, Japan
| | - Yoichi Makino
- Technical Research Institute, TOPPAN INC., 4-2-3 Takanodaiminami, Sugito-machi, Saitama, 345-8508, Japan
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18
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Rudajev V, Novotny J. Cholesterol as a key player in amyloid β-mediated toxicity in Alzheimer’s disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:937056. [PMID: 36090253 PMCID: PMC9453481 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.937056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is one of the most devastating and widespread diseases worldwide, mainly affecting the aging population. One of the key factors contributing to AD-related neurotoxicity is the production and aggregation of amyloid β (Aβ). Many studies have shown the ability of Aβ to bind to the cell membrane and disrupt its structure, leading to cell death. Because amyloid damage affects different parts of the brain differently, it seems likely that not only Aβ but also the nature of the membrane interface with which the amyloid interacts, helps determine the final neurotoxic effect. Because cholesterol is the dominant component of the plasma membrane, it plays an important role in Aβ-induced toxicity. Elevated cholesterol levels and their regulation by statins have been shown to be important factors influencing the progression of neurodegeneration. However, data from many studies have shown that cholesterol has both neuroprotective and aggravating effects in relation to the development of AD. In this review, we attempt to summarize recent findings on the role of cholesterol in Aβ toxicity mediated by membrane binding in the pathogenesis of AD and to consider it in the broader context of the lipid composition of cell membranes.
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19
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Zhang DY, Wang J, Fleeman RM, Kuhn MK, Swulius MT, Proctor EA, Dokholyan NV. Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside Promotes Early Aβ42 Oligomer Formation and Maintenance. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:1979-1991. [PMID: 35713284 PMCID: PMC10137048 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aggregation of the amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Cell membrane composition, especially monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1), is known to promote the formation of Aβ fibrils, yet little is known about the roles of GM1 in the early steps of Aβ oligomer formation. Here, by using GM1-contained liposomes as a mimic of the neuronal cell membrane, we demonstrate that GM1 is a critical trigger of Aβ oligomerization and aggregation. We find that GM1 not only promotes the formation of Aβ fibrils but also facilitates the maintenance of Aβ42 oligomers on liposome membranes. We structurally characterize the Aβ42 oligomers formed on the membrane and find that GM1 captures Aβ by binding to its arginine-5 residue. To interrogate the mechanism of Aβ42 oligomer toxicity, we design a new liposome-based Ca2+-encapsulation assay and provide new evidence for the Aβ42 ion channel hypothesis. Finally, we determine the toxicity of Aβ42 oligomers formed on membranes. Overall, by uncovering the roles of GM1 in mediating early Aβ oligomer formation and maintenance, our work provides a novel direction for pharmaceutical research for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-0850, United States
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-0850, United States
| | - Rebecca M Fleeman
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-0850, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-0850, United States.,Center for Neural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, Pennsylvania 16801, United States
| | - Madison K Kuhn
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-0850, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-0850, United States.,Center for Neural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, Pennsylvania 16801, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, Pennsylvania 16801, United States
| | - Matthew T Swulius
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-0850, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Proctor
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-0850, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-0850, United States.,Center for Neural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, Pennsylvania 16801, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, Pennsylvania 16801, United States.,Department of Engineering Science & Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, Pennsylvania 16801, United States
| | - Nikolay V Dokholyan
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-0850, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, Pennsylvania 16801, United States.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-0850, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, Pennsylvania 16801, United States
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20
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Tempra C, Scollo F, Pannuzzo M, Lolicato F, La Rosa C. A unifying framework for amyloid-mediated membrane damage: The lipid-chaperone hypothesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2022; 1870:140767. [PMID: 35144022 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2022.140767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the past thirty years, researchers have highlighted the role played by a class of proteins or polypeptides that forms pathogenic amyloid aggregates in vivo, including i) the amyloid Aβ peptide, which is known to form senile plaques in Alzheimer's disease; ii) α-synuclein, responsible for Lewy body formation in Parkinson's disease and iii) IAPP, which is the protein component of type 2 diabetes-associated islet amyloids. These proteins, known as intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), are present as highly dynamic conformational ensembles. IDPs can partially (mis) fold into (dys) functional conformations and accumulate as amyloid aggregates upon interaction with other cytosolic partners such as proteins or lipid membranes. In addition, an increasing number of reports link the toxicity of amyloid proteins to their harmful effects on membrane integrity. Still, the molecular mechanism underlying the amyloidogenic proteins transfer from the aqueous environment to the hydrocarbon core of the membrane is poorly understood. This review starts with a historical overview of the toxicity models of amyloidogenic proteins to contextualize the more recent lipid-chaperone hypothesis. Then, we report the early molecular-level events in the aggregation and ion-channel pore formation of Aβ, IAPP, and α-synuclein interacting with model membranes, emphasizing the complexity of these processes due to their different spatial-temporal resolutions. Next, we underline the need for a combined experimental and computational approach, focusing on the strengths and weaknesses of the most commonly used techniques. Finally, the last two chapters highlight the crucial role of lipid-protein complexes as molecular switches among ion-channel-like formation, detergent-like, and fibril formation mechanisms and their implication in fighting amyloidogenic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Tempra
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Federica Scollo
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Pannuzzo
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabio Lolicato
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Carmelo La Rosa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy.
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21
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Sciacca MF, Naletova I, Giuffrida ML, Attanasio F. Semax, a Synthetic Regulatory Peptide, Affects Copper-Induced Abeta Aggregation and Amyloid Formation in Artificial Membrane Models. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:486-496. [PMID: 35080861 PMCID: PMC8855339 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
![]()
Alzheimer’s
disease, the most common form of dementia, is
characterized by the aggregation of amyloid beta protein (Aβ).
The aggregation and toxicity of Aβ are strongly modulated by
metal ions and phospholipidic membranes. In particular, Cu2+ ions play a pivotal role in modulating Aβ aggregation. Although
in the last decades several natural or synthetic compounds were evaluated
as candidate drugs, to date, no treatments are available for the pathology.
Multifunctional compounds able to both inhibit fibrillogenesis, and
in particular the formation of oligomeric species, and prevent the
formation of the Aβ:Cu2+ complex are of particular
interest. Here we tested the anti-aggregating properties of a heptapeptide,
Semax, an ACTH-like peptide, which is known to form a stable complex
with Cu2+ ions and has been proven to have neuroprotective
and nootropic effects. We demonstrated through a combination of spectrofluorometric,
calorimetric, and MTT assays that Semax not only is able to prevent
the formation of Aβ:Cu2+ complexes but also has anti-aggregating
and protective properties especially in the presence of Cu2+. The results suggest that Semax inhibits fiber formation by interfering
with the fibrillogenesis of Aβ:Cu2+ complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele F.M. Sciacca
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, Catania 95126, Italy
| | - Irina Naletova
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, Catania 95126, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Giuffrida
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, Catania 95126, Italy
| | - Francesco Attanasio
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Via Paolo Gaifami, 18, Catania 95126, Italy
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22
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Gangliosides as Biomarkers of Human Brain Diseases: Trends in Discovery and Characterization by High-Performance Mass Spectrometry. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020693. [PMID: 35054879 PMCID: PMC8775466 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are effective biochemical markers of brain pathologies, being also in the focus of research as potential therapeutic targets. Accurate brain ganglioside mapping is an essential requirement for correlating the specificity of their composition with a certain pathological state and establishing a well-defined set of biomarkers. Among all bioanalytical methods conceived for this purpose, mass spectrometry (MS) has developed into one of the most valuable, due to the wealth and consistency of structural information provided. In this context, the present article reviews the achievements of MS in discovery and structural analysis of gangliosides associated with severe brain pathologies. The first part is dedicated to the contributions of MS in the assessment of ganglioside composition and role in the specific neurodegenerative disorders: Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. A large subsequent section is devoted to cephalic disorders (CD), with an emphasis on the MS of gangliosides in anencephaly, the most common and severe disease in the CD spectrum. The last part is focused on the major accomplishments of MS-based methods in the discovery of ganglioside species, which are associated with primary and secondary brain tumors and may either facilitate an early diagnosis or represent target molecules for immunotherapy oriented against brain cancers.
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23
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Matsuzaki K. Elucidation of Complex Dynamic Intermolecular Interactions in Membranes. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2022; 70:1-9. [PMID: 34980725 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c21-00815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Biomembranes composed of various proteins and lipids play important roles in cellular functions, such as signal transduction and substance transport. In addition, some bioactive peptides and pathogenic proteins target membrane proteins and lipids to exert their effects. Therefore, an understanding of dynamic and complex intermolecular interactions among these membrane constituents is needed to elucidate their mechanisms. This review summarizes the major research carried out in the author's laboratory on how lipids and their inhomogeneous distributions regulate the structures and functions of antimicrobial peptides and Alzheimer's amyloid β-protein. Also, how to detect transmembrane helix-helix and membrane protein-protein interactions and how they are modulated by lipids are discussed.
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24
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Tachi Y, Itoh SG, Okumura H. Molecular dynamics simulations of amyloid-β peptides in heterogeneous environments. Biophys Physicobiol 2022; 19:1-18. [PMID: 35666692 PMCID: PMC9135617 DOI: 10.2142/biophysico.bppb-v19.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhei Tachi
- Department of Physics, Graduate school of Science, Nagoya University
| | - Satoru G. Itoh
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences
| | - Hisashi Okumura
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences
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25
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Salminen A, Kaarniranta K, Kauppinen A. Hypoxia/ischemia impairs CD33 (Siglec-3)/TREM2 signaling: Potential role in Alzheimer's pathogenesis. Neurochem Int 2021; 150:105186. [PMID: 34530055 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent genetic and molecular studies have indicated that the innate immune system, especially microglia, have a crucial role in the accumulation of β-amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In particular, the CD33 receptor, also called Siglec-3, inhibits the TREM2 receptor-induced phagocytic activity of microglia. CD33 receptors recognize the α2,3 and α2,6-linked sialic groups in tissue glycocalyx, especially sialylated gangliosides in human brain. The CD33 receptor triggers cell-type specific responses, e.g., in microglia, CD33 inhibits phagocytosis, whereas in natural killer cells, it inhibits the cytotoxic activity of the NKG2D receptor. Nonetheless, the regulation of the activity of CD33 receptor needs to be clarified. For example, it seems that hypoxia/ischemia, a potential cause of AD pathology, increases the expression of CD33 and its downstream target SHP-1, a tyrosine phosphatase which suppresses the phagocytosis driven by TREM2. Moreover, hypoxia/ischemia increases the deposition of sialylated gangliosides, e.g., GM1, GM2, GM3, and GD1, which are ligands for inhibitory CD33/Siglec-3 receptors. In addition, β-amyloid peptides bind to the sialylated gangliosides in raft-like clusters and subsequently these gangliosides act as seeds for the formation of β-amyloid plaques in AD pathology. It is known that senile plaques contain sialylated GM1, GM2, and GM3 gangliosides, i.e., the same species induced by hypoxia/ischemia treatment. Sialylated gangliosides in plaques might stimulate the CD33/Siglec-3 receptors of microglia and thus impede TREM2-driven phagocytosis. We propose that hypoxia/ischemia, e.g., via the accumulation of sialylated gangliosides, prevents the phagocytosis of β-amyloid deposits by inhibiting CD33/TREM2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, FI-70029, KYS, Finland
| | - Anu Kauppinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
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26
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Lee RH, Wang YJ, Lai TY, Hsu TL, Chuang PK, Wu HC, Wong CH. Combined Effect of Anti-SSEA4 and Anti-Globo H Antibodies on Breast Cancer Cells. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:1526-1537. [PMID: 34369155 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The globo-series glycosphingolipids (SSEA3, SSEA4, and Globo H) were shown to express in many cancers selectively, and a combination of anti-SSEA4 and anti-Globo H antibodies was able to suppress tumor growth in mice inoculated with breast cancer cell lines. To further understand the effect, we focused on the combined effect of the two antibodies in target binding and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in vitro. Here, we report that the binding of anti-Globo H antibody (VK9) to MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells was influenced by anti-SSEA4 antibody (MC813-70), and a combination of both antibodies induced a similar effect as did anti-SSEA4 antibodies alone in a reporter-based ADCC assay, indicating that SSEA4 is a major target in breast cancer due to its higher expression than Globo H. Furthermore, we showed that a homogeneous anti-SSEA4 antibody (chMC813-70-SCT) designed to maximize the ADCC activity can be used to isolate a subpopulation of natural killer (NK) cells that exhibit an ∼23% increase in killing the target cells as compared to the unseparated NK cells. These findings can be used to predict a therapy outcome based on the expression levels of antigens and evaluate therapeutic antibody development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruey-Herng Lee
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Wang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yen Lai
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Ling Hsu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Po-Kai Chuang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Han-Chung Wu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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27
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Saha J, Dean DN, Dhakal S, Stockmal KA, Morgan SE, Dillon KD, Adamo MF, Levites Y, Rangachari V. Biophysical characteristics of lipid-induced Aβ oligomers correlate to distinctive phenotypes in transgenic mice. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21318. [PMID: 33508158 PMCID: PMC7883479 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002025rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects cognition and memory. Recent advances have helped identify many clinical sub‐types in AD. Mounting evidence point toward structural polymorphism among fibrillar aggregates of amyloid‐β (Aβ) to being responsible for the phenotypes and clinical manifestations. In the emerging paradigm of polymorphism and prion‐like propagation of aggregates in AD, the role of low molecular weight soluble oligomers, which are long known to be the primary toxic agents, in effecting phenotypes remains inconspicuous. In this study, we present the characterization of three soluble oligomers of Aβ42, namely 14LPOs, 16LPOs, and GM1Os with discreet biophysical and biochemical properties generated using lysophosphatidyl glycerols and GM1 gangliosides. The results indicate that the oligomers share some biophysical similarities but display distinctive differences with GM1Os. Unlike the other two, GM1Os were observed to be complexed with the lipid upon isolation. It also differs mainly in detection by conformation‐sensitive dyes and conformation‐specific antibodies, temperature and enzymatic stability, and in the ability to propagate morphologically‐distinct fibrils. GM1Os also show distinguishable biochemical behavior with pronounced neuronal toxicity. Furthermore, all the oligomers induce cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and plaque burden in transgenic AD mice, which seems to be a consistent feature among all lipid‐derived oligomers, but 16LPOs and GM1Os displayed significantly higher effect than the others. These results establish a correlation between molecular features of Aβ42 oligomers and their distinguishable effects in transgenic AD mice attuned by lipid characteristics, and therefore help bridge the knowledge gap in understanding how oligomer conformers could elicit AD phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhinuk Saha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Dexter N Dean
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Shailendra Dhakal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Kelli A Stockmal
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Sarah E Morgan
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Kristy D Dillon
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Munir F Adamo
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yona Levites
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Vijayaraghavan Rangachari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA.,Center for Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
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28
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Lutter L, Aubrey LD, Xue WF. On the Structural Diversity and Individuality of Polymorphic Amyloid Protein Assemblies. J Mol Biol 2021; 433:167124. [PMID: 34224749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The prediction of highly ordered three-dimensional structures of amyloid protein fibrils from the amino acid sequences of their monomeric self-assembly precursors constitutes a challenging and unresolved aspect of the classical protein folding problem. Because of the polymorphic nature of amyloid assembly whereby polypeptide chains of identical amino acid sequences under identical conditions are capable of self-assembly into a spectrum of different fibril structures, the prediction of amyloid structures from an amino acid sequence requires a detailed and holistic understanding of its assembly free energy landscape. The full extent of the structure space accessible to the cross-β molecular architecture of amyloid must also be resolved. Here, we review the current understanding of the diversity and the individuality of amyloid structures, and how the polymorphic landscape of amyloid links to biology and disease phenotypes. We present a comprehensive review of structural models of amyloid fibrils derived by cryo-EM, ssNMR and AFM to date, and discuss the challenges ahead for resolving the structural basis and the biological consequences of polymorphic amyloid assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liisa Lutter
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, CT2 7NJ Canterbury, UK
| | - Liam D Aubrey
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, CT2 7NJ Canterbury, UK
| | - Wei-Feng Xue
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, CT2 7NJ Canterbury, UK.
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29
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Rajput S, Sani MA, Keizer DW, Separovic F. Utilizing magnetic resonance techniques to study membrane interactions of amyloid peptides. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:1457-1465. [PMID: 34156433 PMCID: PMC8286822 DOI: 10.1042/bst20201244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative condition that involves the extracellular accumulation of amyloid plaques predominantly consisting of Aβ peptide aggregates. The amyloid plaques and soluble oligomeric species of Aβ are believed to be the major cause of synaptic dysfunction in AD brain and their cytotoxic mechanisms have been proposed to involve interactions with cell membranes. In this review, we discuss our solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) studies of Aβ interactions with model membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunnia Rajput
- Bio21 Molecular Science & Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Marc-Antoine Sani
- Bio21 Molecular Science & Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - David W. Keizer
- Bio21 Molecular Science & Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Frances Separovic
- Bio21 Molecular Science & Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
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30
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The Relevance of Amyloid β-Calmodulin Complexation in Neurons and Brain Degeneration in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094976. [PMID: 34067061 PMCID: PMC8125740 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraneuronal amyloid β (Aβ) oligomer accumulation precedes the appearance of amyloid plaques or neurofibrillary tangles and is neurotoxic. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-affected brains, intraneuronal Aβ oligomers can derive from Aβ peptide production within the neuron and, also, from vicinal neurons or reactive glial cells. Calcium homeostasis dysregulation and neuronal excitability alterations are widely accepted to play a key role in Aβ neurotoxicity in AD. However, the identification of primary Aβ-target proteins, in which functional impairment initiating cytosolic calcium homeostasis dysregulation and the critical point of no return are still pending issues. The micromolar concentration of calmodulin (CaM) in neurons and its high affinity for neurotoxic Aβ peptides (dissociation constant ≈ 1 nM) highlight a novel function of CaM, i.e., the buffering of free Aβ concentrations in the low nanomolar range. In turn, the concentration of Aβ-CaM complexes within neurons will increase as a function of time after the induction of Aβ production, and free Aβ will rise sharply when accumulated Aβ exceeds all available CaM. Thus, Aβ-CaM complexation could also play a major role in neuronal calcium signaling mediated by calmodulin-binding proteins by Aβ; a point that has been overlooked until now. In this review, we address the implications of Aβ-CaM complexation in the formation of neurotoxic Aβ oligomers, in the alteration of intracellular calcium homeostasis induced by Aβ, and of dysregulation of the calcium-dependent neuronal activity and excitability induced by Aβ.
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31
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Lei L, Zou Z, Liu J, Xu Z, Fu Y, Tian Y, Zhang W. Multifunctional peptide-assembled micelles for simultaneously reducing amyloid-β and reactive oxygen species. Chem Sci 2021; 12:6449-6457. [PMID: 34084446 PMCID: PMC8115327 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00153a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The excessive production and deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) is one of the most important etiologies of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The interaction between Aβ and metal ions produces aberrant reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induce oxidative stress and accelerate the progression of AD. To reduce Aβ plaques and ROS to maintain their homeostasis is an emerging and ingenious strategy for effective treatment of AD. Herein, we report the rational design of multifunctional micelles (MPGLT) based on a polymer-grafted peptide to simultaneously clear Aβ and ROS for AD therapy. The MPGLT integrating three functional peptides as a ROS scavenger (tk-GSH), β-sheet breaker (LP) and an autophagy activator (TK) respectively, could capture and degrade Aβ. Meanwhile, the tk-GSH on the surface of MPGLT effectively scavenges the intracellular ROS. Consequently, MPGLT reduced the cytotoxicity of Aβ and ROS. In vivo animal studies using an AD mouse model further showed that MPGLT could transport across the blood-brain barrier for decreasing the Aβ plaque and eliminating ROS in vivo. This peptide micelle-based synergistic strategy may provide novel insight for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lei
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550025 China
| | - Zhifeng Zou
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Jin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Zhiai Xu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive Cambridge CB3 0AS UK
| | - Yang Tian
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
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32
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Abstract
Protein aggregation and amyloid formation are pathogenic events underlying the development of an increasingly large number of human diseases named “proteinopathies”. Abnormal accumulation in affected tissues of amyloid β (Aβ) peptide, islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), and the prion protein, to mention a few, are involved in the occurrence of Alzheimer’s (AD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and prion diseases, respectively. Many reports suggest that the toxic properties of amyloid aggregates are correlated with their ability to damage cell membranes. However, the molecular mechanisms causing toxic amyloid/membrane interactions are still far to be completely elucidated. This review aims at describing the mutual relationships linking abnormal protein conformational transition and self-assembly into amyloid aggregates with membrane damage. A cross-correlated analysis of all these closely intertwined factors is thought to provide valuable insights for a comprehensive molecular description of amyloid diseases and, in turn, the design of effective therapies.
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33
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Tian Y, Liang R, Kumar A, Szwedziak P, Viles JH. 3D-visualization of amyloid-β oligomer interactions with lipid membranes by cryo-electron tomography. Chem Sci 2021; 12:6896-6907. [PMID: 34123318 PMCID: PMC8153238 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06426b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) assemblies have been shown to bind to lipid bilayers. This can disrupt membrane integrity and cause a loss of cellular homeostasis, that triggers a cascade of events leading to Alzheimer's disease. However, molecular mechanisms of Aβ cytotoxicity and how the different assembly forms interact with the membrane remain enigmatic. Here we use cryo-electron tomography (cryoET) to obtain three-dimensional nano-scale images of various Aβ assembly types and their interaction with liposomes. Aβ oligomers and curvilinear protofibrils bind extensively to the lipid vesicles, inserting and carpeting the upper-leaflet of the bilayer. Aβ oligomers concentrate at the interface of vesicles and form a network of Aβ-linked liposomes, while crucially, monomeric and fibrillar Aβ have relatively little impact on the membrane. Changes to lipid membrane composition highlight a significant role for GM1-ganglioside in promoting Aβ-membrane interactions. The different effects of Aβ assembly forms observed align with the highlighted cytotoxicity reported for Aβ oligomers. The wide-scale incorporation of Aβ oligomers and curvilinear protofibrils into the lipid bilayer suggests a mechanism by which membrane integrity is lost. Cryo-electron tomography 3D imaging of amyloid-β oligomers carpeting the surface of lipid bilayers in near native conditions.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Tian
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Ruina Liang
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Amit Kumar
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Piotr Szwedziak
- Laboratory of Structural Cell Biology, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw 02-097 Warsaw Poland .,ReMedy-International Research Agenda Unit, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw 02-097 Warsaw Poland
| | - John H Viles
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
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34
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Meza U, Romero-Méndez C, Sánchez-Armáss S, Rodríguez-Menchaca AA. Role of rafts in neurological disorders. Neurologia 2021; 38:S0213-4853(21)00024-4. [PMID: 33726969 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rafts are function-structural cell membrane nano-domains. They contribute to explain the efficiency of signal transduction at the low physiological membrane concentrations of the signaling partners by their clustering inside specialized signaling domains. DEVELOPMENT In this article, we review the current model of the membrane rafts and their physio-pathological relevance in the nervous system, including their role in Parkinson, Alzheimer, and Huntington diseases. CONCLUSIONS Rafts disruption/dysfunction has been shown to relate diverse neurological diseases. Therefore, it has been suggested that preservation of membrane rafts may represent a strategy to prevent or delay neuronal dysfunctions in several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Meza
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biofísica. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México.
| | - C Romero-Méndez
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biofísica. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - S Sánchez-Armáss
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biofísica. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - A A Rodríguez-Menchaca
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biofísica. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
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35
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García-Viñuales S, Sciacca MFM, Lanza V, Santoro AM, Grasso G, Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Coletta M, Grasso G, La Rosa C, Milardi D. The interplay between lipid and Aβ amyloid homeostasis in Alzheimer's Disease: risk factors and therapeutic opportunities. Chem Phys Lipids 2021; 236:105072. [PMID: 33675779 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2021.105072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Diseases (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid deposits of Aβ peptide in the brain. Besides genetic background, the presence of other diseases and an unhealthy lifestyle are known risk factors for AD development. Albeit accumulating clinical evidence suggests that an impaired lipid metabolism is related to Aβ deposition, mechanistic insights on the link between amyloid fibril formation/clearance and aberrant lipid interactions are still unavailable. Recently, many studies have described the key role played by membrane bound Aβ assemblies in neurotoxicity. Moreover, it has been suggested that a derangement of the ubiquitin proteasome pathway and autophagy is significantly correlated with toxic Aβ aggregation and dysregulation of lipid levels. Thus, studies focusing on the role played by lipids in Aβ aggregation and proteostasis could represent a promising area of investigation for the design of valuable treatments. In this review we examine current knowledge concerning the effects of lipids in Aβ aggregation and degradation processes, focusing on the therapeutic opportunities that a comprehensive understanding of all biophysical, biochemical, and biological processes involved may disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michele F M Sciacca
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Lanza
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Catania, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Santoro
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Catania, Italy
| | - Giulia Grasso
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Catania, Italy
| | - Grazia R Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Massimiliano Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grasso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Carmelo La Rosa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Danilo Milardi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Catania, Italy.
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36
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Poejo J, Salazar J, Mata AM, Gutierrez-Merino C. Binding of Amyloid β(1-42)-Calmodulin Complexes to Plasma Membrane Lipid Rafts in Cerebellar Granule Neurons Alters Resting Cytosolic Calcium Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1984. [PMID: 33671444 PMCID: PMC7923178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid rafts are a primary target in studies of amyloid β (Aβ) cytotoxicity in neurons. Exogenous Aβ peptides bind to lipid rafts, which in turn play a key role in Aβ uptake, leading to the formation of neurotoxic intracellular Aβ aggregates. On the other hand, dysregulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis in neurons has been observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In a previous work, we showed that Aβ(1-42), the prevalent Aβ peptide found in the amyloid plaques of AD patients, binds with high affinity to purified calmodulin (CaM), with a dissociation constant ≈1 nM. In this work, to experimentally assess the Aβ(1-42) binding capacity to intracellular CaM, we used primary cultures of mature cerebellar granule neurons (CGN) as a neuronal model. Our results showed a large complexation of submicromolar concentrations of Aβ(1-42) dimers by CaM in CGN, up to 120 ± 13 picomoles of Aβ(1-42) /2.5 × 106 cells. Using fluorescence microscopy imaging, we showed an extensive co-localization of CaM and Aβ(1-42) in lipid rafts in CGN stained with up to 100 picomoles of Aβ(1-42)-HiLyteTM-Fluor555 monomers. Intracellular Aβ(1-42) concentration in this range was achieved by 2 h incubation of CGN with 2 μM Aβ(1-42), and this treatment lowered the resting cytosolic calcium of mature CGN in partially depolarizing 25 mM potassium medium. We conclude that the primary cause of the resting cytosolic calcium decrease is the inhibition of L-type calcium channels of CGN by Aβ(1-42) dimers, whose activity is inhibited by CaM:Aβ(1-42) complexes bound to lipid rafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Poejo
- Instituto de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (J.P.); (J.S.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Jairo Salazar
- Instituto de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (J.P.); (J.S.); (A.M.M.)
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua-León, León 21000, Nicaragua
| | - Ana M. Mata
- Instituto de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (J.P.); (J.S.); (A.M.M.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Carlos Gutierrez-Merino
- Instituto de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (J.P.); (J.S.); (A.M.M.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
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37
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Staneva G, Watanabe C, Puff N, Yordanova V, Seigneuret M, Angelova MI. Amyloid-β Interactions with Lipid Rafts in Biomimetic Systems: A Review of Laboratory Methods. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2187:47-86. [PMID: 32770501 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0814-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biomimetic lipid bilayer systems are a useful tool for modeling specific properties of cellular membranes in order to answer key questions about their structure and functions. This approach has prompted scientists from all over the world to create more and more sophisticated model systems in order to decipher the complex lateral and transverse organization of cellular plasma membranes. Among a variety of existing biomembrane domains, lipid rafts are defined as small, dynamic, and ordered assemblies of lipids and proteins, enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids. Lipid rafts appear to be involved in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by affecting the aggregation of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide at neuronal membranes thereby forming toxic oligomeric species. In this review, we summarize the laboratory methods which allow to study the interaction of Aβ with lipid rafts. We describe step by step protocols to form giant (GUVs) and large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) containing raft-mimicking domains surrounded by membrane nonraft regions. Using fluorescence microscopy GUV imaging protocols, one can design experiments to visualize micron-scale raft-like domains, to determine the micron-scale demixing temperature of a given lipid mixture, construct phase diagram, and photogenerate domains in order to assess the dynamics of raft formation and raft size distribution. LUV fluorescence spectroscopy protocols with proper data analysis can be used to measure molecular packing of raft/nonraft regions of the membrane, to report on nanoscale raft formation and determine nanoscale demixing temperature. Because handling of the Aβ requires dedicated laboratory experience, we present illustrated protocols for Aβ-stock aliquoting, Aβ aqueous solubilization, oligomer preparation, determination of the Aβ concentration before and after filtration. Thioflavin binding, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy protocols are described as complementary methods to detect Aβ aggregation kinetics, aggregate sizes, and morphologies of observed aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galya Staneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Chiho Watanabe
- Komaba Institute for Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nicolas Puff
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, UFR 925 Physics, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC) UMR 7057 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Vesela Yordanova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Michel Seigneuret
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC) UMR 7057 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Miglena I Angelova
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, UFR 925 Physics, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC) UMR 7057 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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38
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The interaction of Aβ42 peptide in monomer, oligomer or fibril forms with sphingomyelin/cholesterol/ganglioside bilayers. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 168:611-619. [PMID: 33217464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aβ42 peptide binds neuronal membranes and aggregates into plaques that are characteristic of Alzheimer's disease. Aβ42 peptide has been proposed to be generated in membrane (nano) domains in the liquid-ordered phase, ganglioside GM1 being a major facilitator of peptide binding to the membrane. The peptide exists in solution in various degrees of aggregation, either monomers, oligomers or fibrils, of which oligomers appear to be particularly toxic. The present study reports on the binding of Aβ42 peptide, in monomer, oligomer or fibril form, to model membranes (lipid vesicles or monolayers), composed of sphingomyelin and cholesterol in equimolar ratios, to which 1-5 mol% of different gangliosides were incorporated. Thermodynamic binding parameters obtained from calorimetric data indicate a strong tendency to bind the membrane (ΔG ≈ 7 kcal/mol peptide), in a process dominated in most cases by the increase in entropy. ΔG was virtually invariant with the ganglioside species and the aggregation state of the peptide. The Langmuir balance demonstrated the capacity of all peptide preparations to become inserted in lipid monolayers of any composition and initial π in the range 10-30 mN/m, although fibrils were less capable to do so than oligomers or monomers, their maximum initial π being ≈25 mN/m.
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Noda K, Tachi Y, Okamoto Y. Structural Characteristics of Monomeric Aβ42 on Fibril in the Early Stage of Secondary Nucleation Process. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:2989-2998. [PMID: 32794732 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates are believed to be one of the main causes of Alzheimer's disease. Aβ peptides form fibrils having cross β-sheet structures mainly through primary nucleation, secondary nucleation, and elongation. In particular, self-catalyzed secondary nucleation is of great interest. Here, we investigate the adsorption of Aβ42 peptides to the Aβ42 fibril to reveal a role of adsorption as a part of secondary nucleation. We performed extensive molecular dynamics simulations based on replica exchange with solute tempering 2 (REST2) to two systems: a monomeric Aβ42 in solution and a complex of an Aβ42 peptide and Aβ42 fibril. Results of our simulations show that the Aβ42 monomer is extended on the fibril. Furthermore, we find that the hairpin structure of the Aβ42 monomer decreases but the helix structure increases by adsorption to the fibril surface. These structural changes are preferable for forming fibril-like aggregates, suggesting that the fibril surface serves as a catalyst in the secondary nucleation process. In addition, the stabilization of the helix structure of the Aβ42 monomer on the fibril indicates that the strategy of a secondary nucleation inhibitor design for Aβ40 can also be used for Aβ42.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Noda
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - Yuhei Tachi
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - Yuko Okamoto
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
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40
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Sipione S, Monyror J, Galleguillos D, Steinberg N, Kadam V. Gangliosides in the Brain: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Applications. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:572965. [PMID: 33117120 PMCID: PMC7574889 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.572965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids highly abundant in the nervous system, and carry most of the sialic acid residues in the brain. Gangliosides are enriched in cell membrane microdomains ("lipid rafts") and play important roles in the modulation of membrane proteins and ion channels, in cell signaling and in the communication among cells. The importance of gangliosides in the brain is highlighted by the fact that loss of function mutations in ganglioside biosynthetic enzymes result in severe neurodegenerative disorders, often characterized by very early or childhood onset. In addition, changes in the ganglioside profile (i.e., in the relative abundance of specific gangliosides) were reported in healthy aging and in common neurological conditions, including Huntington's disease (HD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), stroke, multiple sclerosis and epilepsy. At least in HD, PD and in some forms of epilepsy, experimental evidence strongly suggests a potential role of gangliosides in disease pathogenesis and potential treatment. In this review, we will summarize ganglioside functions that are crucial to maintain brain health, we will review changes in ganglioside levels that occur in major neurological conditions and we will discuss their contribution to cellular dysfunctions and disease pathogenesis. Finally, we will review evidence of the beneficial roles exerted by gangliosides, GM1 in particular, in disease models and in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Sipione
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Rudajev V, Novotny J. The Role of Lipid Environment in Ganglioside GM1-Induced Amyloid β Aggregation. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10090226. [PMID: 32916822 PMCID: PMC7558528 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10090226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Ganglioside GM1 is the most common brain ganglioside enriched in plasma membrane regions known as lipid rafts or membrane microdomains. GM1 participates in many modulatory and communication functions associated with the development, differentiation, and protection of neuronal tissue. It has, however, been demonstrated that GM1 plays a negative role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The two features of AD are the formation of intracellular neurofibrillary bodies and the accumulation of extracellular amyloid β (Aβ). Aβ is a peptide characterized by intrinsic conformational flexibility. Depending on its partners, Aβ can adopt different spatial arrangements. GM1 has been shown to induce specific changes in the spatial organization of Aβ, which lead to enhanced peptide accumulation and deleterious effect especially on neuronal membranes containing clusters of this ganglioside. Changes in GM1 levels and distribution during the development of AD may contribute to the aggravation of the disease.
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Lee JA, Hall B, Allsop J, Alqarni R, Allen SP. Lipid metabolism in astrocytic structure and function. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 112:123-136. [PMID: 32773177 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cell in the central nervous system and are involved in multiple processes including metabolic homeostasis, blood brain barrier regulation and neuronal crosstalk. Astrocytes are the main storage point of glycogen in the brain and it is well established that astrocyte uptake of glutamate and release of lactate prevents neuronal excitability and supports neuronal metabolic function. However, the role of lipid metabolism in astrocytes in relation to neuronal support has been until recently, unclear. Lipids play a fundamental role in astrocyte function, including energy generation, membrane fluidity and cell to cell signaling. There is now emerging evidence that astrocyte storage of lipids in droplets has a crucial physiological and protective role in the central nervous system. This pathway links β-oxidation in astrocytes to inflammation, signalling, oxidative stress and mitochondrial energy generation in neurons. Disruption in lipid metabolism, structure and signalling in astrocytes can lead to pathogenic mechanisms associated with a range of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Ak Lee
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Benjamin Hall
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Jessica Allsop
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Razan Alqarni
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Scott P Allen
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK.
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Bera S, Gayen N, Mohid SA, Bhattacharyya D, Krishnamoorthy J, Sarkar D, Choi J, Sahoo N, Mandal AK, Lee D, Bhunia A. Comparison of Synthetic Neuronal Model Membrane Mimics in Amyloid Aggregation at Atomic Resolution. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:1965-1977. [PMID: 32492332 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder caused by abnormal accumulation of toxic amyloid plaques of the amyloid-beta (Aβ) or the tau proteins in the brain. The plaque deposition leading to the collapse of the cellular integrity is responsible for a myriad of surface phenomena acting at the neuronal lipid interface. Recent years have witnessed dysfunction of the blood-brain barriers (BBB) associated with AD. Several studies support the idea that BBB acts as a platform for the formation of misfolded Aβ peptide, promoting oligomerization and fibrillation, compromising the overall integrity of the central nervous system. While the amyloid plaque deposition has been known to be responsible for the collapse of the BBB membrane integrity, the causal effect relationship between BBB and Aβ amyloidogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we have used physiologically relevant synthetic model membrane systems to gain atomic insight into the functional aspects of the lipid interface. Here, we have used a minimalist BBB mimic, POPC/POPG/cholesterol/GM1, to compare with the native BBB (total lipid brain extract (TLBE)), to understand the molecular events occurring in the membrane-induced Aβ40 amyloid aggregation. Our study showed that the two membrane models accelerated the Aβ40 aggregation kinetics with differential secondary structural transitions of the peptide. The observed structural transitions are defined by the lipid compositions, which in turn undermines the differences in lipid surface phenomena, leading to peptide induced cellular toxicity in the neuronal membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapna Bera
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Nilanjan Gayen
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Sk. Abdul Mohid
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India
| | | | | | - Dibakar Sarkar
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Jihye Choi
- Department of Fine Chemistry & Convergence Institute of Biomedical and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 139-743, Korea
| | - Nirakar Sahoo
- Department of Biology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas 78539, United States
| | - Atin K. Mandal
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - DongKuk Lee
- Department of Fine Chemistry & Convergence Institute of Biomedical and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 139-743, Korea
| | - Anirban Bhunia
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India
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Menon S, Sengupta N, Das P. Nanoscale Interplay of Membrane Composition and Amyloid Self-Assembly. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:5837-5846. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c03796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Menon
- Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Neelanjana Sengupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Payel Das
- IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, United States
- Applied Physics and Applied Math Department, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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Grassi S, Giussani P, Mauri L, Prioni S, Sonnino S, Prinetti A. Lipid rafts and neurodegeneration: structural and functional roles in physiologic aging and neurodegenerative diseases. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:636-654. [PMID: 31871065 PMCID: PMC7193971 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.tr119000427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid rafts are small, dynamic membrane areas characterized by the clustering of selected membrane lipids as the result of the spontaneous separation of glycolipids, sphingolipids, and cholesterol in a liquid-ordered phase. The exact dynamics underlying phase separation of membrane lipids in the complex biological membranes are still not fully understood. Nevertheless, alterations in the membrane lipid composition affect the lateral organization of molecules belonging to lipid rafts. Neural lipid rafts are found in brain cells, including neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, and are characterized by a high enrichment of specific lipids depending on the cell type. These lipid rafts seem to organize and determine the function of multiprotein complexes involved in several aspects of signal transduction, thus regulating the homeostasis of the brain. The progressive decline of brain performance along with physiological aging is at least in part associated with alterations in the composition and structure of neural lipid rafts. In addition, neurodegenerative conditions, such as lysosomal storage disorders, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's, Huntington's, and Alzheimer's diseases, are frequently characterized by dysregulated lipid metabolism, which in turn affects the structure of lipid rafts. Several events underlying the pathogenesis of these diseases appear to depend on the altered composition of lipid rafts. Thus, the structure and function of lipid rafts play a central role in the pathogenesis of many common neurodegenerative diseases.jlr;61/5/636/F1F1f1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Grassi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Giussani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Prioni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prinetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. mailto:
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Ghosh P, Rana P, Rangachari V, Saha J, Steen E, Vaidya A. A game-theoretic approach to deciphering the dynamics of amyloid- β aggregation along competing pathways. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:191814. [PMID: 32431878 PMCID: PMC7211858 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.191814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides is a significant event that underpins Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ aggregates, especially the low-molecular weight oligomers, are the primary toxic agents in AD pathogenesis. Therefore, there is increasing interest in understanding their formation and behaviour. In this paper, we use our previously established results on heterotypic interactions between Aβ and fatty acids (FAs) to investigate off-pathway aggregation under the control of FA concentrations to develop a mathematical framework that captures the mechanism. Our framework to define and simulate the competing on- and off-pathways of Aβ aggregation is based on the principles of game theory. Together with detailed simulations and biophysical experiments, our models describe the dynamics involved in the mechanisms of Aβ aggregation in the presence of FAs to adopt multiple pathways. Specifically, our reduced-order computations indicate that the emergence of off- or on-pathway aggregates are tightly controlled by a narrow set of rate constants, and one could alter such parameters to populate a particular oligomeric species. These models agree with the detailed simulations and experimental data on using FA as a heterotypic partner to modulate the temporal parameters. Predicting spatio-temporal landscape along competing pathways for a given heterotypic partner such as lipids is a first step towards simulating scenarios in which the generation of specific 'conformer strains' of Aβ could be predicted. This approach could be significant in deciphering the mechanisms of amyloid aggregation and strain generation, which are ubiquitously observed in many neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetam Ghosh
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23220, USA
| | - Pratip Rana
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23220, USA
| | - Vijayaraghavan Rangachari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA
| | - Jhinuk Saha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA
| | - Edward Steen
- Department of Mathematical Science, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
| | - Ashwin Vaidya
- Department of Mathematical Science, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
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Matsuzaki K. Aβ-ganglioside interactions in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183233. [PMID: 32142821 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that the abnormal self-association of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) is central to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of dementia. Accumulating evidence, both in vivo and in vitro, suggests that the binding of Aβ to gangliosides, especially monosialoganglioside GM1, plays an important role in the aggregation of Aβ. This review summarizes the molecular details of the binding of Aβ to ganglioside-containing membranes and subsequent structural changes, as revealed by liposomal and cellular studies. Furthermore, mechanisms of cytotoxicity by aggregated Aβ are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsumi Matsuzaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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48
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Ahyayauch H, de la Arada I, Masserini ME, Arrondo JLR, Goñi FM, Alonso A. The Binding of Aβ42 Peptide Monomers to Sphingomyelin/Cholesterol/Ganglioside Bilayers Assayed by Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051674. [PMID: 32121399 PMCID: PMC7084322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The binding of Aβ42 peptide monomers to sphingomyelin/cholesterol (1:1 mol ratio) bilayers containing 5 mol% gangliosides (either GM1, or GT1b, or a mixture of brain gangliosides) has been assayed by density gradient ultracentrifugation. This procedure provides a direct method for measuring vesicle-bound peptides after non-bound fraction separation. This centrifugation technique has rarely been used in this context previously. The results show that gangliosides increase by about two-fold the amount of Aβ42 bound to sphingomyelin/cholesterol vesicles. Complementary studies of the same systems using thioflavin T fluorescence, Langmuir monolayers or infrared spectroscopy confirm the ganglioside-dependent increased binding. Furthermore these studies reveal that gangliosides facilitate the aggregation of Aβ42 giving rise to more extended β-sheets. Thus, gangliosides have both a quantitative and a qualitative effect on the binding of Aβ42 to sphingomyelin/cholesterol bilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasna Ahyayauch
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, 48080 Bilbao, Spain; (H.A.); (I.d.l.A.); (J.L.R.A.); (F.M.G.)
- Institut Supérieur des Professions Infirmières et Techniques de Santé, Oujda 60000, Morocco
- Neuroendocrinology Unit, Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, 14000 Kénitra, Morocco
| | - Igor de la Arada
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, 48080 Bilbao, Spain; (H.A.); (I.d.l.A.); (J.L.R.A.); (F.M.G.)
| | - Massimo E. Masserini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy;
| | - José L. R. Arrondo
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, 48080 Bilbao, Spain; (H.A.); (I.d.l.A.); (J.L.R.A.); (F.M.G.)
| | - Félix M. Goñi
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, 48080 Bilbao, Spain; (H.A.); (I.d.l.A.); (J.L.R.A.); (F.M.G.)
| | - Alicia Alonso
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco, 48080 Bilbao, Spain; (H.A.); (I.d.l.A.); (J.L.R.A.); (F.M.G.)
- Correspondence:
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Fatafta H, Poojari C, Sayyed-Ahmad A, Strodel B, Owen MC. Role of Oxidized Gly25, Gly29, and Gly33 Residues on the Interactions of Aβ 1-42 with Lipid Membranes. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:535-548. [PMID: 31939658 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is known to play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, it is becoming increasingly evident that the plasma membrane of neurons plays a role in modulating the aggregation and toxicity of Alzheimer's amyloid-β peptide (Aβ). In this study, the combined and interdependent effects of oxidation and membrane interactions on the 42 residues long Aβ isoform are investigated using molecular simulations. Hamiltonian replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations are utilized to elucidate the impact of selected oxidized glycine residues of Aβ42 on the interactions of the peptide with a model membrane comprised of 70% POPC, 25% cholesterol, and 5% of the ganglioside GM1. The main findings are that, independent of the oxidation state, Aβ prefers binding to GM1 over POPC, which is further enhanced by the oxidation of Gly29 and Gly33 and reduced the formation of β-sheet. Our results suggest that the differences observed in Aβ42 conformations and its interaction with a lipid bilayer upon oxidation originate from the position of the oxidized Gly residue with respect to the hydrophobic sequence of Aβ42 involving the Gly29-XXX-Gly33-XXX-Gly37 motif and from specific interactions between the peptide and the terminal sugar groups of GM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebah Fatafta
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Chetan Poojari
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Theoretical Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, Campus E2 6, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Birgit Strodel
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael C. Owen
- CEITEC − Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
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50
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Azouz M, Cullin C, Lecomte S, Lafleur M. Membrane domain modulation of Aβ 1-42 oligomer interactions with supported lipid bilayers: an atomic force microscopy investigation. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:20857-20867. [PMID: 31657431 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr06361g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a devastating pathology affecting an increasing number of individuals following the general rise in life expectancy. Amyloid peptide Aβ1-42 has been identified as one of the main culprits of the disease. The peptide has been shown to have major effects on lipid membranes, including membrane fragmentation. The membrane composition has been identified as a factor that plays a pivotal role in regulating peptide/membrane interactions and several results suggest that lipid domains, or rafts, can promote peptide-induced membrane damage. In this work, we examined the effects of lipid segregation on the membrane-perturbing ability of Aβ1-42 and an oligomeric mutant (G37C), a peptide that shares common features with the suspected toxic intermediates involved in the neurodegeneration process. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to determine the impact of these peptides on the supported lipid bilayers of various compositions. In 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/cholesterol (DOPC/DPPC/cholesterol) and DOPC/sphingomyelin/cholesterol ternary mixtures, two systems exhibiting liquid-liquid phase separations, it was shown that Aβ1-42 and G37C exclusively aggregated on liquid-disordered-phase domains, creating large deposits and even causing membrane fragmentation for the latter composition. Cholesterol and ganglioside GM1, the two most documented lipids in the context of Alzheimer's disease, are also considered to play a crucial role in promoting detrimental interactions with amyloid peptides. We show that, in model 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) membranes, the presence of either cholesterol or GM1 in a proportion of 10 mol%, a content supposed to lead to domain formation, favoured the association of both Aβ1-42 and G37C, leading to a harmful membrane fragmentation. The AFM results established that the presence of domains favoured membrane perturbations induced by the amyloid peptides. It is proposed that lipid packing defects at the domain interface could act as adsorption and nucleation sites for the amyloid peptides. The more extensive bilayer perturbations induced by G37C compared to Aβ1-42 supported this hypothesis, indicating that oligomers that cannot mature to the fibril state can present considerable toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Azouz
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nanoobjets, CBMN CNRS UMR 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy de Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France and Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Christophe Cullin
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nanoobjets, CBMN CNRS UMR 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy de Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Sophie Lecomte
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nanoobjets, CBMN CNRS UMR 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy de Saint-Hilaire, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Michel Lafleur
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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