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Lorrai R, Cavaterra D, Giammaria S, Sbardella D, Tundo GR, Boccaccini A. Eye Diseases: When the Solution Comes from Plant Alkaloids. Planta Med 2024. [PMID: 38452806 DOI: 10.1055/a-2283-2350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Plants are an incredible source of metabolites showing a wide range of biological activities. Among these, there are the alkaloids, which have been exploited for medical purposes since ancient times. Nowadays, many plant-derived alkaloids are the main components of drugs used as therapy for different human diseases. This review deals with providing an overview of the alkaloids used to treat eye diseases, describing the historical outline, the plants from which they are extracted, and the clinical and molecular data supporting their therapeutic activity. Among the different alkaloids that have found application in medicine so far, atropine and pilocarpine are the most characterized ones. Conversely, caffeine and berberine have been proposed for the treatment of different eye disorders, but further studies are still necessary to fully understand their clinical value. Lastly, the alkaloid used for managing hypertension, reserpine, has been recently identified as a potential drug for ameliorating retinal disorders. Other important aspects discussed in this review are different solutions for alkaloid production. Given that the industrial production of many of the plant-derived alkaloids still relies on extraction from plants, and the chemical synthesis can be highly expensive and poorly efficient, alternative methods need to be found. Biotechnologies offer a multitude of possibilities to overcome these issues, spanning from genetic engineering to synthetic biology for microorganisms and bioreactors for plant cell cultures. However, further efforts are needed to completely satisfy the pharmaceutical demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Lorrai
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Cavaterra
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Grazia Raffaella Tundo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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Sbardella D, Oddone F, Coletta M. Introductory remarks. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 95:101241. [PMID: 38171047 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2023.101241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
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Boccaccini A, Cavaterra D, Carnevale C, Tanga L, Marini S, Bocedi A, Lacal PM, Manni G, Graziani G, Sbardella D, Tundo GR. Novel frontiers in neuroprotective therapies in glaucoma: Molecular and clinical aspects. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 94:101225. [PMID: 38000334 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2023.101225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
In the last years, neuroprotective therapies have attracted the researcher interests as modern and challenging approach for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, aimed at protecting the nervous system from injuries. Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive excavation of the optic nerve head, retinal axonal injury and corresponding vision loss that affects millions of people on a global scale. The molecular basis of the pathology is largely uncharacterized yet, and the therapeutic approaches available do not change the natural course of the disease. Therefore, in accordance with the therapeutic regimens proposed for other neurodegenerative diseases, a modern strategy to treat glaucoma includes prescription of drugs with neuroprotective activities. With respect to this, several preclinical and clinical investigations on a plethora of different drugs are currently ongoing. In this review, first, the conceptualization of the rationale for the adoption of neuroprotective strategies for retina is summarized. Second, the molecular aspects highlighting glaucoma as a neurodegenerative disease are reported. In conclusion, the molecular and pharmacological properties of most promising direct neuroprotective drugs used to delay glaucoma progression are examined, including: neurotrophic factors, NMDA receptor antagonists, the α2-adrenergic agonist, brimonidine, calcium channel blockers, antioxidant agents, nicotinamide and statins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dario Cavaterra
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefano Marini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier n. 1, 00133, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessio Bocedi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Pedro M Lacal
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, IDI-IRCCS, Via Monti di Creta 104, 00167, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Manni
- IRCCS - Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier n. 1, 00133, Roma, Italy
| | - Grazia Graziani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Grazia Raffaella Tundo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier n. 1, 00133, Roma, Italy.
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Pandino I, Giammaria S, Zingale GA, Roberti G, Michelessi M, Coletta M, Manni G, Agnifili L, Vercellin AV, Harris A, Oddone F, Sbardella D. Ubiquitin proteasome system and glaucoma: A survey of genetics and molecular biology studies supporting a link with pathogenic and therapeutic relevance. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 94:101226. [PMID: 37950974 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2023.101226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma represents a group of progressive neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons with subsequent visual field impairment. The disease develops through largely uncharacterized molecular mechanisms, that are likely to occur in different localized cell types, either in the anterior (e.g., trabecular meshwork cells) or posterior (e.g., Muller glia, retinal ganglion cells) segments of the eye. Genomic and preclinical studies suggest that glaucoma pathogenesis may develop through altered ubiquitin (Ub) signaling. Ubiquitin conjugation, referred to as ubiquitylation, is a major post-synthetic modification catalyzed by E1-E2-E3 enzymes, that profoundly regulates the turnover, trafficking and biological activity of the targeted protein. The development of new technologies, including proteomics workflows, allows the biology of ubiquitin signaling to be described in health and disease. This post-translational modification is emerging as a key role player in neurodegeneration, gaining relevance for novel therapeutic options, such as in the case of Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras technology. Although scientific evidence supports a link between Ub and glaucoma, their relationship is still not well-understood. Therefore, this review provides a detailed research-oriented discussion on current evidence of Ub signaling in glaucoma. A review of genomic and genetic data is provided followed by an in-depth discussion of experimental data on ASB10, parkin and optineurin, which are proteins that play a key role in Ub signaling and have been associated with glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gianluca Manni
- IRCCS Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy; DSCMT University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Agnifili
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | | | - Alon Harris
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Tundo GR, Grasso G, Persico M, Tkachuk O, Bellia F, Bocedi A, Marini S, Parravano M, Graziani G, Fattorusso C, Sbardella D. The Insulin-Degrading Enzyme from Structure to Allosteric Modulation: New Perspectives for Drug Design. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1492. [PMID: 37892174 PMCID: PMC10604886 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is a Zn2+ peptidase originally discovered as the main enzyme involved in the degradation of insulin and other amyloidogenic peptides, such as the β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide. Therefore, a role for the IDE in the cure of diabetes and Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been long envisaged. Anyway, its role in degrading amyloidogenic proteins remains not clearly defined and, more recently, novel non-proteolytic functions of the IDE have been proposed. From a structural point of view, the IDE presents an atypical clamshell structure, underscoring unique enigmatic enzymological properties. A better understanding of the structure-function relationship may contribute to solving some existing paradoxes of IDE biology and, in light of its multifunctional activity, might lead to novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Raffaella Tundo
- Department of Clinical Science and Traslational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.R.T.)
| | - Giuseppe Grasso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Marco Persico
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (M.P.); (O.T.)
| | - Oleh Tkachuk
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (M.P.); (O.T.)
| | - Francesco Bellia
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Alessio Bocedi
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Marini
- Department of Clinical Science and Traslational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.R.T.)
| | | | - Grazia Graziani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Caterina Fattorusso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (M.P.); (O.T.)
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Sbardella D, Tundo GR, Mecchia A, Palumbo C, Atzori MG, Levati L, Boccaccini A, Caccuri AM, Cascio P, Lacal PM, Graziani G, Varano M, Coletta M, Parravano M. A novel and atypical NF-KB pro-inflammatory program regulated by a CamKII-proteasome axis is involved in the early activation of Muller glia by high glucose. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:108. [PMID: 35842713 PMCID: PMC9287993 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00839-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of diabetes with a heavy impact on the quality of life of subjects and with a dramatic burden for health and economic systems on a global scale. Although the pathogenesis of DR is largely unknown, several preclinical data have pointed out to a main role of Muller glia (MG), a cell type which spans across the retina layers providing nourishment and support for Retina Ganglion Cells (RGCs), in sensing hyper-glycemia and in acquiring a pro-inflammatory polarization in response to this insult. Results By using a validated experimental model of DR in vitro, rMC1 cells challenged with high glucose, we uncovered the induction of an early (within minutes) and atypical Nuclear Factor-kB (NF-kB) signalling pathway regulated by a calcium-dependent calmodulin kinase II (CamKII)-proteasome axis. Phosphorylation of proteasome subunit Rpt6 (at Serine 120) by CamKII stimulated the accelerated turnover of IkBα (i.e., the natural inhibitor of p65-50 transcription factor), regardless of the phosphorylation at Serine 32 which labels canonical NF-kB signalling. This event allowed the p65-p50 heterodimer to migrate into the nucleus and to induce transcription of IL-8, Il-1β and MCP-1. Pharmacological inhibition of CamKII as well as proteasome inhibition stopped this pro-inflammatory program, whereas introduction of a Rpt6 phospho-dead mutant (Rpt6-S120A) stimulated a paradoxical effect on NF-kB probably through the activation of a compensatory mechanism which may involve phosphorylation of 20S α4 subunit. Conclusions This study introduces a novel pathway of MG activation by high glucose and casts some light on the biological relevance of proteasome post-translational modifications in modulating pathways regulated through targeted proteolysis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-022-00839-x. High glucose quickly induces an atypical NF-kB pro-inflammatory program. CamKII phosphorylation of Rpt6 subunit of the proteasome stimulates IkBα turnover and p65-p50 release. Inhibition of either CamkII or proteasome blocks this pathway.
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Mecchia A, Palumbo C, De Luca A, Sbardella D, Boccaccini A, Rossi L, Parravano M, Varano M, Caccuri AM. High glucose induces an early and transient cytoprotective autophagy in retinal Müller cells. Endocrine 2022; 77:221-230. [PMID: 35612691 PMCID: PMC9325829 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the autophagic response of rat Müller rMC-1 cells during a short-term high glucose challenge. METHODS rMC-1 cells were maintained in 5 mM glucose (LG) or exposed to 25 mM glucose (HG). Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the expression levels of markers of autophagy (LC3-II, p62) and glial activation (AQP4), as well as the activation of TRAF2/JNK, ERK and AKT pathways. Autophagic flux assessment was performed using the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine. ROS levels were measured by flow cytometry using dichlorofluorescein diacetate. ERK involvement in autophagy induction was addressed using the ERK inhibitor FR180204. The effect of autophagy inhibition on cell viability was evaluated by SRB assay. RESULTS Activation of autophagy was observed in the first 2-6 h of HG exposure. This early autophagic response was transient, not accompanied by an increase in AQP4 or in the phospho-activation of JNK, a key mediator of cellular response to oxidative stress, and required ERK activity. Cells exposed to HG had a lower viability upon autophagy inhibition by chloroquine, as compared to those maintained in LG. CONCLUSION A short-term HG challenge triggers in rMC-1 cells a process improving the ability to cope with stressful conditions, which involves ERK and an early and transient autophagy activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mecchia
- IRCCS-G.B. Bietti Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - C Palumbo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - A De Luca
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - L Rossi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - M Varano
- IRCCS-G.B. Bietti Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - A M Caccuri
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
- The NAST Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology and Innovative Instrumentation, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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Persico M, García-Viñuales S, Santoro AM, Lanza V, Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Coletta M, Romanucci V, Zarrelli A, Di Fabio G, Fattorusso C, Milardi D. Silybins are stereospecific regulators of the 20S proteasome. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 66:116813. [PMID: 35576657 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A reduced proteasome activity tiles excessive amyloid growth during the progress of protein conformational diseases (PCDs). Hence, the development of safe and effective proteasome enhancers represents an attractive target for the therapeutic treatment of these chronic disorders. Here we analyze two natural diastereoisomers belonging to the family of flavonolignans, Sil A and Sil B, by evaluating their capacity to increase proteasome activity. Enzyme assays carried out on yeast 20S (y20S) proteasome and in parallel on a permanently "open gate" mutant (α3ΔN) evidenced that Sil B is a more efficient 20S activator than Sil A. Conversely, in the case of human 20S proteasome (h20S) a higher affinity and more efficient activation is observed for Sil A. Driven by experimental data, computational studies further demonstrated that the taxifolin group of both diastereoisomers plays a crucial role in their anchoring to the α5/α6 groove of the outer α-ring. However, due to the different stereochemistry at C-7" and C-8" of ring D, only Sil A was able to reproduce the interactions responsible for h20S proteasome activation induced by their cognate regulatory particles. The provided silybins/h20S interaction models allowed us to rationalize their different ability to activate the peptidase activities of h20S and y20S. Our results provide structural details concerning the important role played by stereospecific interactions in driving Sil A and Sil B binding to the 20S proteasome and may support future rational design of proteasome enhancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Persico
- Department of Pharmacy, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Sara García-Viñuales
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Sede Secondaria di Catania, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Santoro
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Sede Secondaria di Catania, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Lanza
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Sede Secondaria di Catania, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Valeria Romanucci
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Armando Zarrelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Fabio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Caterina Fattorusso
- Department of Pharmacy, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Danilo Milardi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Sede Secondaria di Catania, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy.
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Persico M, García-Viñuales S, Santoro AM, Lanza V, Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Coletta M, Romanucci V, Zarrelli A, Di Fabio G, Fattorusso C, Milardi D. Corrigendum to “Silybins are stereospecific regulators of the 20S proteasome” [Bioorgan. Med. Chem. 66 (2022) 116813]. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 69:116895. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Distefano A, Caruso G, Oliveri V, Bellia F, Sbardella D, Zingale GA, Caraci F, Grasso G. Neuroprotective Effect of Carnosine Is Mediated by Insulin-Degrading Enzyme. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:1588-1593. [PMID: 35471926 PMCID: PMC9121383 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
![]()
l-Carnosine
is an endogenous dipeptide that has high potential
for therapeutic purposes, being an antioxidant with metal chelating,
anti-aggregating, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties.
Despite its potential therapeutic values, the biomolecular mechanisms
involved in neuroprotection are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate,
at chemical and biochemical levels, that insulin-degrading enzyme
plays a pivotal role in carnosine neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Distefano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, Catania 95125, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Caruso
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, Catania 95125, Italy
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Via Conte Ruggero 73, Troina 94018, Italy
| | - Valentina Oliveri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, Catania 95125, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellia
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, Catania 95126, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele Antonio Zingale
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, Catania 95125, Italy
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, Catania 95125, Italy
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Via Conte Ruggero 73, Troina 94018, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grasso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, Catania 95125, Italy
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De Simone G, Sbardella D, Oddone F, Pesce A, Coletta M, Ascenzi P. Structural and (Pseudo-)Enzymatic Properties of Neuroglobin: Its Possible Role in Neuroprotection. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123366. [PMID: 34943874 PMCID: PMC8699588 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroglobin (Ngb), the third member of the globin family, was discovered in human and murine brains in 2000. This monomeric globin is structurally similar to myoglobin (Mb) and hemoglobin (Hb) α and β subunits, but it hosts a bis-histidyl six-coordinated heme-Fe atom. Therefore, the heme-based reactivity of Ngb is modulated by the dissociation of the distal HisE7-heme-Fe bond, which reflects in turn the redox state of the cell. The high Ngb levels (~100–200 μM) present in the retinal ganglion cell layer and in the optic nerve facilitate the O2 buffer and delivery. In contrast, the very low levels of Ngb (~1 μM) in most tissues and organs support (pseudo-)enzymatic properties including NO/O2 metabolism, peroxynitrite and free radical scavenging, nitrite, hydroxylamine, hydrogen sulfide reduction, and the nitration of aromatic compounds. Here, structural and (pseudo-)enzymatic properties of Ngb, which are at the root of tissue and organ protection, are reviewed, envisaging a possible role in the protection from neuronal degeneration of the retina and the optic nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna De Simone
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Viale Marconi 446, 00146 Roma, Italy;
| | | | | | - Alessandra Pesce
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16100 Genova, Italy;
| | - Massimo Coletta
- IRCCS Fondazione Bietti, 00198 Roma, Italy; (D.S.); (F.O.)
- Dipartmento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (P.A.); Tel.: +39-06-72596365 (M.C.); +39-06-57336321 (P.A.)
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Viale Marconi 446, 00146 Roma, Italy;
- Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Via della Lungara 10, 00165 Roma, Italy
- Unità di Neuroendocrinologia, Metabolismo e Neurofarmacologia, IRCSS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Roma, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (P.A.); Tel.: +39-06-72596365 (M.C.); +39-06-57336321 (P.A.)
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Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Oddone F, Kudriaeva AA, Lacal PM, Belogurov AA, Graziani G, Marini S. At the Cutting Edge against Cancer: A Perspective on Immunoproteasome and Immune Checkpoints Modulation as a Potential Therapeutic Intervention. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4852. [PMID: 34638337 PMCID: PMC8507813 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoproteasome is a noncanonical form of proteasome with enzymological properties optimized for the generation of antigenic peptides presented in complex with class I MHC molecules. This enzymatic property makes the modulation of its activity a promising area of research. Nevertheless, immunotherapy has emerged as a front-line treatment of advanced/metastatic tumors providing outstanding improvement of life expectancy, even though not all patients achieve a long-lasting clinical benefit. To enhance the efficacy of the currently available immunotherapies and enable the development of new strategies, a broader knowledge of the dynamics of antigen repertoire processing by cancer cells is needed. Therefore, a better understanding of the role of immunoproteasome in antigen processing and of the therapeutic implication of its modulation is mandatory. Studies on the potential crosstalk between proteasome modulators and immune checkpoint inhibitors could provide novel perspectives and an unexplored treatment option for a variety of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anna A. Kudriaeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.K.)
| | - Pedro M. Lacal
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alexey A. Belogurov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.K.)
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Grazia Graziani
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Marini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
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Benvenuto M, Ciuffa S, Focaccetti C, Sbardella D, Fazi S, Scimeca M, Tundo GR, Barillari G, Segni M, Bonanno E, Manzari V, Modesti A, Masuelli L, Coletta M, Bei R. Proteasome inhibition by bortezomib parallels a reduction in head and neck cancer cells growth, and an increase in tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19051. [PMID: 34561494 PMCID: PMC8463577 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98450-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) has frequently an aggressive course for the development of resistance to standard chemotherapy. Thus, the use of innovative therapeutic drugs is being assessed. Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor with anticancer effects. In vitro antitumoral activity of Bortezomib was investigated employing human tongue (SCC-15, CAL-27), pharynx (FaDu), salivary gland (A-253) cancer cell lines and a murine cell line (SALTO-5) originated from a salivary gland adenocarcinoma arising in BALB-neuT male mice transgenic for the oncogene neu. Bortezomib inhibited cell proliferation, triggered apoptosis, modulated the expression and activation of pro-survival signaling transduction pathways proteins activated by ErbB receptors and inhibited proteasome activity in vitro. Intraperitoneal administration of Bortezomib delayed tumor growth of SALTO-5 cells transplanted in BALB-neuT mice, protracted mice survival and adjusted tumor microenvironment by increasing tumor-infiltrating immune cells (CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, B lymphocytes, macrophages, and Natural Killer cells) and by decreasing vessels density. In addition, Bortezomib modified the expression of proteasome structural subunits in transplanted SALTO-5 cells. Our findings further support the use of Bortezomib for the treatment of HNC and reveal its ineffectiveness in counteracting the activation of deregulated specific signaling pathways in HNC cell lines when resistance to proteasome inhibition is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Benvenuto
- Saint Camillus International, University of Health and Medical Sciences, Via di Sant'Alessandro 8, 00131, Rome, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Ciuffa
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Focaccetti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Department of Human Science and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University Rome, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Sara Fazi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuel Scimeca
- Saint Camillus International, University of Health and Medical Sciences, Via di Sant'Alessandro 8, 00131, Rome, Italy.,Department of Human Science and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele University Rome, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166, Rome, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Barillari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Segni
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.,Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 364, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Bonanno
- Saint Camillus International, University of Health and Medical Sciences, Via di Sant'Alessandro 8, 00131, Rome, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,"Diagnostica Medica" & "Villa Dei Platani", Neuromed Group, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Vittorio Manzari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Modesti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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14
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Sbardella D, Tundo GR, Coletta M, Manni G, Oddone F. Dexamethasone Downregulates Autophagy through Accelerated Turn-Over of the Ulk-1 Complex in a Trabecular Meshwork Cells Strain: Insights on Steroid-Induced Glaucoma Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115891. [PMID: 34072647 PMCID: PMC8198647 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroid-induced glaucoma is a severe pathological condition, sustained by a rapidly progressive increase in intraocular pressure (IOP), which is diagnosed in a subset of subjects who adhere to a glucocorticoid (GC)-based therapy. Molecular and clinical studies suggest that either natural or synthetic GCs induce a severe metabolic dysregulation of Trabecular Meshwork Cells (TMCs), an endothelial-derived histotype with phagocytic and secretive functions which lay at the iridocorneal angle in the anterior segment of the eye. Since TMCs physiologically regulate the composition and architecture of trabecular meshwork (TM), which is the main outflow pathway of aqueous humor, a fluid which shapes the eye globe and nourishes the lining cell types, GCs are supposed to trigger a pathological remodeling of the TM, inducing an IOP increase and retina mechanical compression. The metabolic dysregulation of TMCs induced by GCs exposure has never been characterized at the molecular detail. Herein, we report that, upon dexamethasone exposure, a TMCs strain develops a marked inhibition of the autophagosome biogenesis pathway through an enhanced turnover of two members of the Ulk-1 complex, the main platform for autophagy induction, through the Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Sbardella
- IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, 00198 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (F.O.)
| | | | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Gianluca Manni
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Francesco Oddone
- IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, 00198 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (F.O.)
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15
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Oddone F, Rossetti L, Parravano M, Sbardella D, Coletta M, Ziccardi L, Roberti G, Carnevale C, Romano D, Manni G, Parisi V. Citicoline in Ophthalmological Neurodegenerative Disease: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14030281. [PMID: 33804675 PMCID: PMC8003774 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine has been widely studied in systemic neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and brain ischemia. The rationale for the use of citicoline in ophthalmological neurodegenerative diseases, including glaucoma, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, and diabetic retinopathy, is founded on its multifactorial mechanism of action and the involvement in several metabolic pathways, including phospholipid homeostasis, mitochondrial dynamics, as well as cholinergic and dopaminergic transmission, all being involved in the complexity of the visual transmission. This narrative review is aimed at reporting both pre-clinical data regarding the involvement of citicoline in such metabolic pathways (including new insights about its role in the intracellular proteostasis through an interaction with the proteasome) and its effects on clinical psychophysical, electrophysiological, and morphological outcomes following its use in ophthalmological neurodegenerative diseases (including the results of the most recent prospective randomized clinical trials).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Oddone
- IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Via Livenza, 3, 00198 Rome, Italy; (F.O.); (D.S.); (L.Z.); (G.R.); (C.C.); (V.P.)
| | - Luca Rossetti
- Eye Clinic, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Via Antonio di Rudinì, 8, 20142 Milan, Italy; (L.R.); (D.R.)
| | - Mariacristina Parravano
- IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Via Livenza, 3, 00198 Rome, Italy; (F.O.); (D.S.); (L.Z.); (G.R.); (C.C.); (V.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-6-8535-6727
| | - Diego Sbardella
- IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Via Livenza, 3, 00198 Rome, Italy; (F.O.); (D.S.); (L.Z.); (G.R.); (C.C.); (V.P.)
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Lucia Ziccardi
- IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Via Livenza, 3, 00198 Rome, Italy; (F.O.); (D.S.); (L.Z.); (G.R.); (C.C.); (V.P.)
| | - Gloria Roberti
- IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Via Livenza, 3, 00198 Rome, Italy; (F.O.); (D.S.); (L.Z.); (G.R.); (C.C.); (V.P.)
| | - Carmela Carnevale
- IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Via Livenza, 3, 00198 Rome, Italy; (F.O.); (D.S.); (L.Z.); (G.R.); (C.C.); (V.P.)
| | - Dario Romano
- Eye Clinic, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Via Antonio di Rudinì, 8, 20142 Milan, Italy; (L.R.); (D.R.)
| | - Gianluca Manni
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Parisi
- IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Via Livenza, 3, 00198 Rome, Italy; (F.O.); (D.S.); (L.Z.); (G.R.); (C.C.); (V.P.)
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16
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García-Viñuales S, Sciacca MFM, Lanza V, Santoro AM, Grasso G, Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Coletta M, Grasso G, La Rosa C, Milardi D. The interplay between lipid and Aβ amyloid homeostasis in Alzheimer's Disease: risk factors and therapeutic opportunities. Chem Phys Lipids 2021; 236:105072. [PMID: 33675779 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2021.105072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Diseases (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid deposits of Aβ peptide in the brain. Besides genetic background, the presence of other diseases and an unhealthy lifestyle are known risk factors for AD development. Albeit accumulating clinical evidence suggests that an impaired lipid metabolism is related to Aβ deposition, mechanistic insights on the link between amyloid fibril formation/clearance and aberrant lipid interactions are still unavailable. Recently, many studies have described the key role played by membrane bound Aβ assemblies in neurotoxicity. Moreover, it has been suggested that a derangement of the ubiquitin proteasome pathway and autophagy is significantly correlated with toxic Aβ aggregation and dysregulation of lipid levels. Thus, studies focusing on the role played by lipids in Aβ aggregation and proteostasis could represent a promising area of investigation for the design of valuable treatments. In this review we examine current knowledge concerning the effects of lipids in Aβ aggregation and degradation processes, focusing on the therapeutic opportunities that a comprehensive understanding of all biophysical, biochemical, and biological processes involved may disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michele F M Sciacca
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Lanza
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Catania, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Santoro
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Catania, Italy
| | - Giulia Grasso
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Catania, Italy
| | - Grazia R Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Massimiliano Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grasso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Carmelo La Rosa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Danilo Milardi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Catania, Italy.
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17
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Quaranta L, Bruttini C, Micheletti E, Konstas AGP, Michelessi M, Oddone F, Katsanos A, Sbardella D, De Angelis G, Riva I. Glaucoma and neuroinflammation: An overview. Surv Ophthalmol 2021; 66:693-713. [PMID: 33582161 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy characterized by well-defined optic disc morphological changes (i.e., cup enlargement, neuroretinal border thinning, and notching, papillary vessel modifications) consequent to retinal ganglion cell loss, axonal degeneration, and lamina cribrosa remodeling. These modifications tend to be progressive and are the main cause of functional damage in glaucoma. Despite the latest findings about the pathophysiology of the disease, the exact trigger mechanisms and the mechanism of degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and their axons have not been completely elucidated. Neuroinflammation may play a role in both the development and the progression of the disease as a result of its effects on retinal environment and retinal ganglion cells. We summarize the latest findings about neuroinflammation in glaucoma and examine the connection between risk factors, neuroinflammation, and retinal ganglion cell degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Quaranta
- Department of Surgical & Clinical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Ophthalmology, University of Pavia - IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Carlo Bruttini
- Department of Surgical & Clinical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Ophthalmology, University of Pavia - IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Micheletti
- Department of Surgical & Clinical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Ophthalmology, University of Pavia - IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anastasios G P Konstas
- 1st and 3rd University Departments of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - Andreas Katsanos
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Giovanni De Angelis
- Department of Surgical & Clinical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Ophthalmology, University of Pavia - IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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18
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Gioia M, Ciaccio C, Calligari P, De Simone G, Sbardella D, Tundo G, Fasciglione GF, Di Masi A, Di Pierro D, Bocedi A, Ascenzi P, Coletta M. Role of proteolytic enzymes in the COVID-19 infection and promising therapeutic approaches. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 182:114225. [PMID: 32956643 PMCID: PMC7501082 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the Fall of 2019 a sudden and dramatic outbreak of a pulmonary disease (Coronavirus Disease COVID-19), due to a new Coronavirus strain (i.e., SARS-CoV-2), emerged in the continental Chinese area of Wuhan and quickly diffused throughout the world, causing up to now several hundreds of thousand deaths. As for common viral infections, the crucial event for the viral life cycle is the entry of genetic material inside the host cell, realized by the spike protein of the virus through its binding to host receptors and its activation by host proteases; this is followed by translation of the viral RNA into a polyprotein, exploiting the host cell machinery. The production of individual mature viral proteins is pivotal for replication and release of new virions. Several proteolytic enzymes either of the host and of the virus act in a concerted fashion to regulate and coordinate specific steps of the viral replication and assembly, such as (i) the entry of the virus, (ii) the maturation of the polyprotein and (iii) the assembly of the secreted virions for further diffusion. Therefore, proteases involved in these three steps are important targets, envisaging that molecules which interfere with their activity are promising therapeutic compounds. In this review, we will survey what is known up to now on the role of specific proteolytic enzymes in these three steps and of most promising compounds designed to impair this vicious cycle.
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Key Words
- covid-19, coronavirus disease – 19
- sars-cov, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- sars-cov-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome – 2
- mers-cov, middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- orf, open reading frame
- plpro, papain-like protease
- mpro, main protease
- pp, polyprotein
- nsp, non structural protein
- rdrp, rna dependent rna polymerase
- hel, helicase
- s protein, spike protein
- tmprss2, trans-membrane protease serine protease-2
- tmprss4, trans-membrane protease serine protease-4
- hat, human airway trypsin-like protease
- tgn, trans-golgi network
- ace2, angiotensin-converting enzyme receptor-2
- rbd, receptor binding domain
- pc, pro-protein convertase
- hcov-oc43, human coronavirus-oc43
- mhv-a59, murine hepatitis virus – a59
- hiv, human immunodeficiency virus
- cmk, chloro-methyl-ketone
- dec, decanoyl
- phac, phenyl-acetyl
- ttsp, type ii transmembrane serine proteases family
- hpv, human papillomavirus
- hbv, hepatitis b virus
- evd, ebola virus disease
- zikv, zika virus
- jev, japanese encephalitis virus
- fpv, feline panleukopenia virus
- hpaiv, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
- cdv, canine distemper virus
- rsv, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)
- a1at, alpha-1-anti trypsin
- aebsf, 4-(2-aminomethyl)-benzene sulphonyl fluoride
- bhh, bromhexine hydrochloride
- pcsk, pro-protein convertase subtilisin/kexin
- ampk, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase
- hcov-nl63, human coronavirus – nl63
- hcov-229e, human coronavirus – 229e
- hcov-hku1, human coronavirus – hku1
- 3cpro, 3chymotrypsin protease of rhinoviruses
- 3d-qsar, three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships
- fda, food and drug agency
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Gioia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy.
| | - Chiara Ciaccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy.
| | - Paolo Calligari
- Department of Chemical and Technological Sciences, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Donato Di Pierro
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessio Bocedi
- Department of Chemical and Technological Sciences, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy,Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Roma, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy.
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19
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Santoro AM, D’Urso A, Cunsolo A, Milardi D, Purrello R, Sbardella D, Tundo GR, Diana D, Fattorusso R, Dato AD, Paladino A, Persico M, Coletta M, Fattorusso C. Cooperative Binding of the Cationic Porphyrin Tris-T4 Enhances Catalytic Activity of 20S Proteasome Unveiling a Complex Distribution of Functional States. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197190. [PMID: 33003385 PMCID: PMC7582714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study provides new evidence that cationic porphyrins may be considered as tunable platforms to interfere with the structural “key code” present on the 20S proteasome α-rings and, by consequence, with its catalytic activity. Here, we describe the functional and conformational effects on the 20S proteasome induced by the cooperative binding of the tri-cationic 5-(phenyl)-10,15,20-(tri N-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin (Tris-T4). Our integrated kinetic, NMR, and in silico analysis allowed us to disclose a complex effect on the 20S catalytic activity depending on substrate/porphyrin concentration. The analysis of the kinetic data shows that Tris-T4 shifts the relative populations of the multiple interconverting 20S proteasome conformations leading to an increase in substrate hydrolysis by an allosteric pathway. Based on our Tris-T4/h20S interaction model, Tris-T4 is able to affect gating dynamics and substrate hydrolysis by binding to an array of negatively charged and hydrophobic residues present on the protein surface involved in the 20S molecular activation by the regulatory proteins (RPs). Accordingly, despite the fact that Tris-T4 also binds to the α3ΔN mutant, allosteric modulation is not observed since the molecular mechanism connecting gate dynamics with substrate hydrolysis is impaired. We envisage that the dynamic view of the 20S conformational equilibria, activated through cooperative Tris-T4 binding, may work as a simplified model for a better understanding of the intricate network of 20S conformational/functional states that may be mobilized by exogenous ligands, paving the way for the development of a new generation of proteasome allosteric modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Santoro
- Istituto di Cristallografia—CNR Sede Secondaria di Catania, Via P. Gaifami 9/18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (A.M.S.); (D.M.)
| | - Alessandro D’Urso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università Degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.D.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Alessandra Cunsolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università Degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.D.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - Danilo Milardi
- Istituto di Cristallografia—CNR Sede Secondaria di Catania, Via P. Gaifami 9/18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (A.M.S.); (D.M.)
| | - Roberto Purrello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università Degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.D.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Diego Sbardella
- IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, 00198 Rome, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.T.)
| | - Grazia R. Tundo
- IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, 00198 Rome, Italy; (D.S.); (G.R.T.)
| | - Donatella Diana
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Roberto Fattorusso
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy;
| | - Antonio Di Dato
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (A.D.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Antonella Paladino
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR, Via M. Bianco 9, 20131 Milano, Italy;
| | - Marco Persico
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (A.D.D.); (M.P.)
- Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sulla Malaria/Italian Malaria Network, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (C.F.); Tel.: +39-06-72596365 (M.C.); +39-081-678544 (C.F.)
| | - Caterina Fattorusso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (A.D.D.); (M.P.)
- Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sulla Malaria/Italian Malaria Network, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (C.F.); Tel.: +39-06-72596365 (M.C.); +39-081-678544 (C.F.)
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20
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Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Santoro AM, Coletta A, Oddone F, Grasso G, Milardi D, Lacal PM, Marini S, Purrello R, Graziani G, Coletta M. The proteasome as a druggable target with multiple therapeutic potentialities: Cutting and non-cutting edges. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 213:107579. [PMID: 32442437 PMCID: PMC7236745 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS) is an adaptable and finely tuned system that sustains proteostasis network under a large variety of physiopathological conditions. Its dysregulation is often associated with the onset and progression of human diseases; hence, UPS modulation has emerged as a promising new avenue for the development of treatments of several relevant pathologies, such as cancer and neurodegeneration. The clinical interest in proteasome inhibition has considerably increased after the FDA approval in 2003 of bortezomib for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, which is now used in the front-line setting. Thereafter, two other proteasome inhibitors (carfilzomib and ixazomib), designed to overcome resistance to bortezomib, have been approved for treatment-experienced patients, and a variety of novel inhibitors are currently under preclinical and clinical investigation not only for haematological malignancies but also for solid tumours. However, since UPS collapse leads to toxic misfolded proteins accumulation, proteasome is attracting even more interest as a target for the care of neurodegenerative diseases, which are sustained by UPS impairment. Thus, conceptually, proteasome activation represents an innovative and largely unexplored target for drug development. According to a multidisciplinary approach, spanning from chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology to pharmacology, this review will summarize the most recent available literature regarding different aspects of proteasome biology, focusing on structure, function and regulation of proteasome in physiological and pathological processes, mostly cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, connecting biochemical features and clinical studies of proteasome targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - A M Santoro
- CNR, Institute of Crystallography, Catania, Italy
| | - A Coletta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - F Oddone
- IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy
| | - G Grasso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - D Milardi
- CNR, Institute of Crystallography, Catania, Italy
| | - P M Lacal
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - S Marini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - R Purrello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - G Graziani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - M Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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Sbardella D, Coletta A, Tundo GR, Ahmed IMM, Bellia F, Oddone F, Manni G, Coletta M. Structural and functional evidence for citicoline binding and modulation of 20S proteasome activity: Novel insights into its pro-proteostatic effect. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 177:113977. [PMID: 32298691 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Citicoline or CDP-choline is a drug, made up by a cytidine 5'-diphosphate moiety and choline, which upon adsorption is rapidly hydrolyzed into cytidine 5'-diphosphate and choline, easily bypassing the blood-brain barrier. Once in the brain, these metabolites are used to re-synthesize citicoline in neurons and in the other cell histo-types which uptake them. Citicoline administration finds broad therapeutic application in the treatment of glaucoma as well as other retinal disorders by virtue of its safety profile and neuro-protective and neuroenhancer activity, which significantly improves the visual function. Further, though supported by limited clinical studies, this molecule finds therapeutic application in neurodegenerative disease, delaying the cognitive decline in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Parkinson's Disease (PD) subjects. In this work we show that citicoline greatly affects the proteolytic activity of the 20S proteasome on synthetic and natural substrates, functioning as a bimodal allosteric modulator, likely binding at multiple sites. In silico binding simulations identify several potential binding sites for citicoline on 20S proteasome, and their topology envisages the possibility that, by occupying some of these pockets, citicoline may induce a conformational shift of the 20S proteasome, allowing to sketch a working hypothesis for the structural basis of its function as allosteric modulator. In addition, we show that over the same concentration range citicoline affects the distribution of assembled proteasome populations and turn-over of ubiquitinated proteins in SH-SY5Y and SK-N-BE human neuroblastoma cells, suggesting its potential role as a regulator of proteostasis in nervous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Sbardella
- IRCCS-Fondazione G.B. BIETTI, via Livenza, 3, 00189, Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Coletta
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Grazia Raffaella Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, via Montpellier, 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Ikhlas M M Ahmed
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, via Gaifami, 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellia
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, via Gaifami, 18, 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Oddone
- IRCCS-Fondazione G.B. BIETTI, via Livenza, 3, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Manni
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, via Montpellier, 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, via Montpellier, 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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22
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Sbardella D, Tundo GR, Cunsolo V, Grasso G, Cascella R, Caputo V, Santoro AM, Milardi D, Pecorelli A, Ciaccio C, Di Pierro D, Leoncini S, Campagnolo L, Pironi V, Oddone F, Manni P, Foti S, Giardina E, De Felice C, Hayek J, Curatolo P, Galasso C, Valacchi G, Coletta M, Graziani G, Marini S. Defective proteasome biogenesis into skin fibroblasts isolated from Rett syndrome subjects with MeCP2 non-sense mutations. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165793. [PMID: 32275946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Rett Syndrome (RTT) is a rare X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder which affects about 1: 10000 live births. In >95% of subjects RTT is caused by a mutation in Methyl-CpG binding protein-2 (MECP2) gene, which encodes for a transcription regulator with pleiotropic genetic/epigenetic activities. The molecular mechanisms underscoring the phenotypic alteration of RTT are largely unknown and this has impaired the development of therapeutic approaches to alleviate signs and symptoms during disease progression. A defective proteasome biogenesis into two skin primary fibroblasts isolated from RTT subjects harbouring non-sense (early-truncating) MeCP2 mutations (i.e., R190fs and R255X) is herewith reported. Proteasome is the proteolytic machinery of Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS), a pathway of overwhelming relevance for post-mitotic cells metabolism. Molecular, transcription and proteomic analyses indicate that MeCP2 mutations down-regulate the expression of one proteasome subunit, α7, and of two chaperones, PAC1 and PAC2, which bind each other in the earliest step of proteasome biogenesis. Furthermore, this molecular alteration recapitulates in neuron-like SH-SY5Y cells upon silencing of MeCP2 expression, envisaging a general significance of this transcription regulator in proteasome biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Sbardella
- IRCSS-Fondazione GB Bietti, Via Livenza, 3, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Grazia Raffaella Tundo
- Dept of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Grasso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Raffaella Cascella
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy; Molecular Genetics Laboratory UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Caputo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy; Molecular Genetics Laboratory UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Danilo Milardi
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Plant for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Chiara Ciaccio
- Dept of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Donato Di Pierro
- Dept of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Leoncini
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese (AOUS), Siena, Italy; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese (AOUS), Siena, Italy
| | - Luisa Campagnolo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Virginia Pironi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | | | - Priscilla Manni
- Ophthalmology Unit, St. Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, NESMOS Department, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Foti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Emiliano Giardina
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy; Molecular Genetics Laboratory UILDM, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio De Felice
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese (AOUS), Siena, Italy
| | - Joussef Hayek
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese (AOUS), Siena, Italy; "Isola di Bau", Multi-Specialist Centre, Certaldo (Florence), Italy
| | - Paolo Curatolo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Cinzia Galasso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Plant for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Massimiliano Coletta
- Dept of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Grazia Graziani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Marini
- Dept of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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Santoro AM, Lanza V, Bellia F, Sbardella D, Tundo GR, Cannizzo A, Grasso G, Arizzi M, Nicoletti VG, Alcaro S, Costa G, Pietropaolo A, Malgieri G, D'Abrosca G, Fattorusso R, García‐Viñuales S, Ahmed IMM, Coletta M, Milardi D. Pyrazolones Activate the Proteasome by Gating Mechanisms and Protect Neuronal Cells from β‐Amyloid Toxicity. ChemMedChem 2019; 15:302-316. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Santoro
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Istituto di Cristallografia Via P. Gaifami 18 95126 Catania Italy
| | - Valeria Lanza
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Istituto di Cristallografia Via P. Gaifami 18 95126 Catania Italy
| | - Francesco Bellia
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Istituto di Cristallografia Via P. Gaifami 18 95126 Catania Italy
| | - Diego Sbardella
- IRCCS – Fondazione G.B. Bietti Via Livenza 3 00189 Roma Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale Via Montpellier 1 00133 Roma Italy
| | - Grazia R. Tundo
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale Via Montpellier 1 00133 Roma Italy
| | - Alessandra Cannizzo
- Università degli Studi di Catania Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche V.le Andrea Doria 6 95125 Catania Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grasso
- Università degli Studi di Catania Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche V.le Andrea Doria 6 95125 Catania Italy
| | - Mariaconcetta Arizzi
- Università degli Studi di Catania Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche V.le Andrea Doria 6 95125 Catania Italy
| | - Vincenzo G. Nicoletti
- Università degli Studi di Catania Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologiche (BIOMETEC) Università di Catania Via Santa Sofia 97 95124 Catania
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute Viale Europa 88100 Catanzaro Italy
| | - Giosuè Costa
- Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute Viale Europa 88100 Catanzaro Italy
| | - Adriana Pietropaolo
- Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute Viale Europa 88100 Catanzaro Italy
| | - Gaetano Malgieri
- Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche Via Vivaldi 43 81100 Caserta Italy
| | - Gianluca D'Abrosca
- Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche Via Vivaldi 43 81100 Caserta Italy
| | - Roberto Fattorusso
- Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche Via Vivaldi 43 81100 Caserta Italy
| | - Sara García‐Viñuales
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Istituto di Cristallografia Via P. Gaifami 18 95126 Catania Italy
| | - Ikhlas M. M. Ahmed
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Istituto di Cristallografia Via P. Gaifami 18 95126 Catania Italy
| | - Massimiliano Coletta
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale Via Montpellier 1 00133 Roma Italy
| | - Danilo Milardi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Istituto di Cristallografia Via P. Gaifami 18 95126 Catania Italy
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Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Lacal PM, Graziani G, Marini S. On the Horizon: Targeting Next-Generation Immune Checkpoints for Cancer Treatment. Chemotherapy 2019; 64:62-80. [PMID: 31387102 DOI: 10.1159/000500902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoints are critical regulatory pathways of the immune system which finely tune the response to biological threats. Among them, the CD-28/CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 axes play a key role in tumour immune escape and are well-established targets of cancer immunotherapy. SUMMARY The clinical experience accumulated to date provides unequivocal evidence that anti-CTLA-4, PD-1, or PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies, used as monotherapy or in combination regimes, are effective in a variety of advanced/metastatic types of cancer, with improved clinical outcomes compared to conventional chemotherapy. However, the therapeutic success is currently restricted to a limited subset of patients and reliable predictive biomarkers are still lacking. Key Message: The identification and characterization of additional co-inhibitory pathways as novel pharmacological targets to improve the clinical response in refractory patients has led to the development of different immune checkpoint inhibitors, the activities of which are currently under investigation. In this review, we discuss recent literature data concerning the mechanisms of action of next-generation monoclonal antibodies targeting LAG-3, TIM-3, and TIGIT co-inhibitory molecules that are being explored in clinical trials, as single agents or in combination with other immune-stimulating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia R Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy,
| | - Diego Sbardella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Pedro M Lacal
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Grazia Graziani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Marini
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Bellia F, Lanza V, García-Viñuales S, Ahmed IMM, Pietropaolo A, Iacobucci C, Malgieri G, D'Abrosca G, Fattorusso R, Nicoletti VG, Sbardella D, Tundo GR, Coletta M, Pirone L, Pedone E, Calcagno D, Grasso G, Milardi D. Ubiquitin binds the amyloid β peptide and interferes with its clearance pathways. Chem Sci 2019; 10:2732-2742. [PMID: 30996991 PMCID: PMC6419943 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03394c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Several lines of evidence point to a compromised proteostasis associated with a reduction of the Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS) activity in patients affected by Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and suggest that the amyloid β peptide (Aβ) is an important player in the game. Inspired also by many reports, underlining the presence of ubiquitin (Ub) in the amyloid plaques of AD brains, here we set out to test whether Ub may bind the Aβ peptide and have any effect on its clearance pathways. By using an integrated array of MALDI-TOF/UPLC-HRMS, fluorescence, NMR, SPR, Microscale Thermophoresis (MST) and molecular dynamics studies, we consistently demonstrated that Aβ40 binds Ub with a 1 : 1 stoichiometry and K d in the high micromolar range. In particular, we show that the N-terminal domain of the Aβ peptide (through residues D1, E3 and R5) interacts with the C-terminal tail of Ub (involving residues K63 and E64), inducing the central region of Aβ (14HQKLVFFAEDVGSNK28) to adopt a mixed α-helix/β-turn structure. ELISA assays, carried out in neuroblastoma cell lysates, suggest that Aβ competitively binds Ub also in the presence of the entire pool of cytosolic Ub binding proteins. Ub-bound Aβ has a lower tendency to aggregate into amyloid-like fibrils and is more slowly degraded by the Insulin Degrading Enzyme (IDE). Finally, we observe that the water soluble fragment Aβ1-16 significantly inhibits Ub chain growth reactions. These results evidence how the non-covalent interaction between Aβ peptides and Ub may have relevant effects on the regulation of the upstream events of the UPS and pave the way to future in vivo studies addressing the role played by Aβ peptide in the malfunction of proteome maintenance occurring in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bellia
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Via P. Gaifami 18 , 95126 Catania , Italy .
| | - V Lanza
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Via P. Gaifami 18 , 95126 Catania , Italy .
| | - S García-Viñuales
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Via P. Gaifami 18 , 95126 Catania , Italy .
| | - I M M Ahmed
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Via P. Gaifami 18 , 95126 Catania , Italy .
| | - A Pietropaolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute , Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro , Viale Europa , 88100 , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - C Iacobucci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Bioanalytics , Institute of Pharmacy , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , 06120 Halle/Saale , Germany
| | - G Malgieri
- Department of Environmental , Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Via Vivaldi 43 , 81100 Caserta , Italy
| | - G D'Abrosca
- Department of Environmental , Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Via Vivaldi 43 , 81100 Caserta , Italy
| | - R Fattorusso
- Department of Environmental , Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Via Vivaldi 43 , 81100 Caserta , Italy
| | - V G Nicoletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologiche (BIOMETEC) , sez. Biochimica medica , Università di Catania , Via Santa Sofia 97 , 95124 Catania , Italy
| | - D Sbardella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale , Università di Roma Tor Vergata , Via Montpellier 1 , 00133 , Roma , Italy
| | - G R Tundo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale , Università di Roma Tor Vergata , Via Montpellier 1 , 00133 , Roma , Italy
| | - M Coletta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale , Università di Roma Tor Vergata , Via Montpellier 1 , 00133 , Roma , Italy
| | - L Pirone
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Via Mezzocannone, 16 , Naples I-80134 , Italy
| | - E Pedone
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Via Mezzocannone, 16 , Naples I-80134 , Italy
| | - D Calcagno
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche , Università di Catania , V.le Andrea Doria 6 , 95125 Catania , Italy .
| | - G Grasso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche , Università di Catania , V.le Andrea Doria 6 , 95125 Catania , Italy .
| | - D Milardi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Via P. Gaifami 18 , 95126 Catania , Italy .
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Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Coletta M. Insights into Proteasome Conformation Dynamics and Intersubunit Communication. Trends Biochem Sci 2018; 43:852-853. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Gioia M, Fasciglione GF, Sbardella D, Sciandra F, Casella M, Camerini S, Crescenzi M, Gori A, Tarantino U, Cozza P, Brancaccio A, Coletta M, Bozzi M. The enzymatic processing of α-dystroglycan by MMP-2 is controlled by two anchoring sites distinct from the active site. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192651. [PMID: 29447293 PMCID: PMC5813964 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystroglycan (DG) is a membrane receptor, belonging to the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) and formed by two subunits, α-dystroglycan (α-DG) and β-dystroglycan (β -DG). The C-terminal domain of α-DG and the N-terminal extracellular domain of β -DG are connected, providing a link between the extracellular matrix and the cytosol. Under pathological conditions, such as cancer and muscular dystrophies, DG may be the target of metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9, contributing to disease progression. Previously, we reported that the C-terminal domain α-DG (483–628) domain is particularly susceptible to the catalytic activity of MMP-2; here we show that the α-DG 621–628 region is required to carry out its complete digestion, suggesting that this portion may represent a MMP-2 anchoring site. Following this observation, we synthesized an α-DG based-peptide, spanning the (613–651) C-terminal region. The analysis of the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the whole and the isolated catalytic domain of MMP-2 (cdMMP-2) has shown its inhibitory properties, indicating the presence of (at least) two binding sites for the peptide, both located within the catalytic domain, only one of the two being topologically distinct from the catalytic active groove. However, the different behavior between whole MMP-2 and cdMMP-2 envisages the occurrence of an additional binding site for the peptide on the hemopexin-like domain of MMP-2. Interestingly, mass spectrometry analysis has shown that α-DG (613–651) peptide is cleavable even though it is a very poor substrate of MMP-2, a feature that renders this molecule a promising template for developing a selective MMP-2 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Gioia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- CIRCMSB, Bari, Italy
- * E-mail: (MG); (MB)
| | - Giovanni Francesco Fasciglione
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- CIRCMSB, Bari, Italy
| | - Diego Sbardella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- CIRCMSB, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Umberto Tarantino
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Paola Cozza
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Brancaccio
- CNR Institute for Molecular Recognition, Roma Italy
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- CIRCMSB, Bari, Italy
| | - Manuela Bozzi
- CNR Institute for Molecular Recognition, Roma Italy
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University, Roma Italy
- * E-mail: (MG); (MB)
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28
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Paolino M, Brindisi M, Vallone A, Butini S, Campiani G, Nannicini C, Giuliani G, Anzini M, Lamponi S, Giorgi G, Sbardella D, Ferraris DM, Marini S, Coletta M, Palucci I, Minerva M, Delogu G, Pepponi I, Goletti D, Cappelli A, Gemma S, Brogi S. Development of Potent Inhibitors of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Virulence Factor Zmp1 and Evaluation of Their Effect on Mycobacterial Survival inside Macrophages. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:422-430. [PMID: 29334428 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme Zmp1 is a zinc-containing peptidase that plays a critical role in the pathogenicity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Herein we describe the identification of a small set of Zmp1 inhibitors based on a novel 8-hydroxyquinoline-2-hydroxamate scaffold. Among the synthesized compounds, N-(benzyloxy)-8-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxamide (1 c) was found to be the most potent Zmp1 inhibitor known to date, and its binding mode was analyzed both by kinetics studies and molecular modeling, identifying critical interactions of 1 c with the zinc ion and residues in the active site. The effect of 1 c on intracellular Mycobacterium survival was assayed in J774 murine macrophages infected with M. tuberculosis H37Rv or M. bovis BCG and human monocyte-derived macrophages infected with M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were also assessed. Overall, inhibitor 1 c displays interesting in vitro antitubercular properties worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Paolino
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development - NatSynDrugs - and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Margherita Brindisi
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development - NatSynDrugs - and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vallone
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development - NatSynDrugs - and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Stefania Butini
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development - NatSynDrugs - and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campiani
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development - NatSynDrugs - and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Chiara Nannicini
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development - NatSynDrugs - and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Germano Giuliani
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development - NatSynDrugs - and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Maurizio Anzini
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development - NatSynDrugs - and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Stefania Lamponi
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development - NatSynDrugs - and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Gianluca Giorgi
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development - NatSynDrugs - and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Diego Sbardella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide M Ferraris
- Department of Chemical, Food, Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Stefano Marini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Ivana Palucci
- Institute of Microbiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore - Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Minerva
- Institute of Microbiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore - Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Delogu
- Institute of Microbiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore - Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Pepponi
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) "L. Spallanzani", Via Portuense, 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Delia Goletti
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) "L. Spallanzani", Via Portuense, 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Cappelli
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development - NatSynDrugs - and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Sandra Gemma
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development - NatSynDrugs - and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Simone Brogi
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development - NatSynDrugs - and Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 1, 53100, Siena, Italy
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Dato AD, Cunsolo A, Persico M, Santoro AM, D'Urso A, Milardi D, Purrello R, Stefanelli M, Paolesse R, Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Fattorusso C, Coletta M. Electrostatic Map Of Proteasome α-Rings Encodes The Design of Allosteric Porphyrin-Based Inhibitors Able To Affect 20S Conformation By Cooperative Binding. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17098. [PMID: 29213119 PMCID: PMC5719074 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of allosteric proteasome inhibition in the treatment of cancer is becoming increasingly evident. Motivated by this urgent therapeutic need, we have recently identified cationic porphyrins as a highly versatile class of molecules able to regulate proteasome activity by interfering with gating mechanisms. In the present study, the mapping of electrostatic contacts bridging the regulatory particles with the α-rings of the human 20S proteasome led us to the identification of (meso-tetrakis(4-N-methylphenyl pyridyl)-porphyrin (pTMPyPP4) as a novel non-competitive inhibitor of human 20S proteasome. pTMPyPP4 inhibition mechanism implies a positive cooperative binding to proteasome, which disappears when a permanently open proteasome mutant (α-3ΔN) is used, supporting the hypothesis that the events associated with allosteric proteasome inhibition by pTMPyPP4 interfere with 20S gating and affect its "open-closed" equilibrium. Therefore, we propose that the spatial distribution of the negatively charged residues responsible for the interaction with regulatory particles at the α-ring surface of human 20S may be exploited as a blueprint for the design of allosteric proteasome regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Di Dato
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49 I, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cunsolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Persico
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49 I, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Santoro
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR sede secondaria di Catania, Via P. Gaifami, 9- 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro D'Urso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Danilo Milardi
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR sede secondaria di Catania, Via P. Gaifami, 9- 95126, Catania, Italy
| | - Roberto Purrello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy.
| | - Manuela Stefanelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata-Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133, Roma, Italy
| | - Roberto Paolesse
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata-Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133, Roma, Italy
| | - Grazia R Tundo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Roma, Italy
| | - Diego Sbardella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Roma, Italy
| | - Caterina Fattorusso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49 I, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Roma, Italy.
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30
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Sbardella D, Tundo GR, Campagnolo L, Valacchi G, Orlandi A, Curatolo P, Borsellino G, D'Esposito M, Ciaccio C, Cesare SD, Pierro DD, Galasso C, Santarone ME, Hayek J, Coletta M, Marini S. Retention of Mitochondria in Mature Human Red Blood Cells as the Result of Autophagy Impairment in Rett Syndrome. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12297. [PMID: 28951555 PMCID: PMC5614985 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12069-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rett Syndrome (RTT), which affects approximately 1:10.000 live births, is a X-linked pervasive neuro-developmental disorder which is caused, in the vast majority of cases, by a sporadic mutation in the Methyl-CpG-binding protein-2 (MeCP2) gene. This is a transcriptional activator/repressor with presumed pleiotropic activities. The broad tissue expression of MeCP2 suggests that it may be involved in several metabolic pathways, but the molecular mechanisms which provoke the onset and progression of the syndrome are largely unknown. In this paper, we report that primary fibroblasts that have been isolated from RTT patients display a defective formation of autophagosomes under conditions of nutrient starvation and that the mature Red Blood Cells of some RTT patients retain mitochondria. Moreover, we provide evidence regarding the accumulation of the p62/SQSTM1 protein and ubiquitin-aggregated structures in the cerebellum of Mecp2 knockout mouse model (Mecp2−/y) during transition from the non-symptomatic to the symptomatic stage of the disease. Hence, we propose that a defective autophagy could be involved in the RTT clinical phenotype, which introduces new molecular perspectives in the pathogenesis of the syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Sbardella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Grazia Raffaella Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Campagnolo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Plant for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Curatolo
- Department of Medicine of Systems, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A.Buzzati Traverso", Naples, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzuoli, (Is), Italy
| | - Chiara Ciaccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Cesare
- University Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Donato Di Pierro
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Galasso
- Department of Medicine of Systems, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Joussef Hayek
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese (AOUS), Siena, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Marini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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31
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Grasso G, Santoro AM, Lanza V, Sbardella D, Tundo GR, Ciaccio C, Marini S, Coletta M, Milardi D. The double faced role of copper in Aβ homeostasis: A survey on the interrelationship between metal dyshomeostasis, UPS functioning and autophagy in neurodegeneration. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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32
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Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Ciaccio C, Grasso G, Gioia M, Coletta A, Polticelli F, Di Pierro D, Milardi D, Van Endert P, Marini S, Coletta M. Multiple functions of insulin-degrading enzyme: a metabolic crosslight? Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2017. [PMID: 28635330 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2017.1337707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is a ubiquitous zinc peptidase of the inverzincin family, which has been initially discovered as the enzyme responsible for insulin catabolism; therefore, its involvement in the onset of diabetes has been largely investigated. However, further studies on IDE unraveled its ability to degrade several other polypeptides, such as β-amyloid, amylin, and glucagon, envisaging the possible implication of IDE dys-regulation in the "aggregopathies" and, in particular, in neurodegenerative diseases. Over the last decade, a novel scenario on IDE biology has emerged, pointing out a multi-functional role of this enzyme in several basic cellular processes. In particular, latest advances indicate that IDE behaves as a heat shock protein and modulates the ubiquitin-proteasome system, suggesting a major implication in proteins turnover and cell homeostasis. In addition, recent observations have highlighted that the regulation of glucose metabolism by IDE is not merely based on its largely proposed role in the degradation of insulin in vivo. There is increasing evidence that improper IDE function, regulation, or trafficking might contribute to the etiology of metabolic diseases. In addition, the enzymatic activity of IDE is affected by metals levels, thus suggesting a role also in the metal homeostasis (metallostasis), which is thought to be tightly linked to the malfunction of the "quality control" machinery of the cell. Focusing on the physiological role of IDE, we will address a comprehensive vision of the very complex scenario in which IDE takes part, outlining its crucial role in interconnecting several relevant cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia R Tundo
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translation Medicine , University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy.,b CIRCMSB , Bari , Italy
| | - Diego Sbardella
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translation Medicine , University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy.,b CIRCMSB , Bari , Italy.,c Center for TeleInfrastructures, University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy
| | - Chiara Ciaccio
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translation Medicine , University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy.,b CIRCMSB , Bari , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grasso
- d Department of Chemistry , University of Catania , Catania , Italy.,e CNR IBB , Catania , Italy
| | - Magda Gioia
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translation Medicine , University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy.,b CIRCMSB , Bari , Italy
| | - Andrea Coletta
- f Department of Chemistry , University of Aarhus , Aarhus , Denmark
| | | | - Donato Di Pierro
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translation Medicine , University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy.,b CIRCMSB , Bari , Italy
| | | | - Peter Van Endert
- h Université Paris Descartes, INSERM, U1151, CNRS , Paris , France
| | - Stefano Marini
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translation Medicine , University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy.,b CIRCMSB , Bari , Italy.,c Center for TeleInfrastructures, University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- a Department of Clinical Sciences and Translation Medicine , University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy.,b CIRCMSB , Bari , Italy.,c Center for TeleInfrastructures, University of Roma Tor Vergata , Roma , Italy
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33
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Ciaccio C, Di Pierro D, Sbardella D, Tundo GR, Curatolo P, Galasso C, Santarone ME, Casasco M, Cozza P, Cortelazzo A, Rossi M, De Felice C, Hayek J, Coletta M, Marini S. Oxygen exchange and energy metabolism in erythrocytes of Rett syndrome and their relationships with respiratory alterations. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 426:205-213. [PMID: 28063007 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2893-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, mainly affecting females, which is associated to a mutation on the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 gene. In the pathogenesis and progression of classic RTT, red blood cell (RBC) morphology has been shown to be an important biosensor for redox imbalance and chronic hypoxemia. Here we have evaluated the impact of oxidation and redox imbalance on several functional properties of RTT erythrocytes. In particular, we report for the first time a stopped-flow measurement of the kinetics of oxygen release by RBCs and the analysis of the intrinsic affinity of the hemoglobin (Hb). According to our experimental approach, RBCs from RTT patients do not show any intrinsic difference with respect to those from healthy controls neither in Hb's oxygen-binding affinity nor in O2 exchange processes at 37 °C. Therefore, these factors do not contribute to the observed alteration of the respiratory function in RTT patients. Moreover, the energy metabolism of RBCs, from both RTT patients and controls, was evaluated by ion-pairing HPLC method and related to the level of malondialdehyde and to the oxidative radical scavenging capacity of red cells. Results have clearly confirmed significant alterations in antioxidant defense capability, adding important informations concerning the high-energy compound levels in RBCs of RTT subjects, underlying possible correlations with inflammatory tissue alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ciaccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Donato Di Pierro
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Sbardella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Grazia Raffaella Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Curatolo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Galasso
- Department of Systems Medicine, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Elena Santarone
- Department of Systems Medicine, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paola Cozza
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Cortelazzo
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Marcello Rossi
- Respiratory Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation Unit, University Hospital, AOUS, Siena, Italy
| | - Claudio De Felice
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, AOUS, Siena, Italy
| | - Joussef Hayek
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital, AOUS, Siena, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Marini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
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Tundo GR, Di Muzio E, Ciaccio C, Sbardella D, Di Pierro D, Polticelli F, Coletta M, Marini S. Multiple allosteric sites are involved in the modulation of insulin-degrading-enzyme activity by somatostatin. FEBS J 2016; 283:3755-3770. [PMID: 27579517 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Somatostatin is a cyclic peptide, released in the gastrointestinal system and the central nervous system, where it is involved in the regulation of cognitive and sensory functions, motor activity and sleep. It is a substrate of insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), as well as a modulator of its activity and expression. In the present study, we have investigated the modulatory role of somatostatin on IDE activity at 37 °C and pH 7.3 for various substrates [i.e. insulin, β-amyloid (Aβ)1-40 and bradykinin], aiming to quantitatively characterize the correlation between the specific features of the substrates and the regulatory mechanism. Functional data indicate that somatostatin, in addition to the catalytic site of IDE (being a substrate), is also able to bind to two additional exosites, which play different roles according to the size of the substrate and its binding mode to the IDE catalytic cleft. In particular, one exosite, which displays high affinity for somatostatin, regulates only the interaction of IDE with larger substrates (such as insulin and Aβ1-40 ) in a differing fashion according to their various modes of binding to the enzyme. A second exosite, which is involved in the regulation of enzymatic processing by IDE of all substrates investigated (including a 10-25 amino acid long amyloid-like peptide, bradykinin and somatostatin itself, which had been studied previously), probably acts through the alteration of an 'open-closed' equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia R Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Italy.,Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Ciaccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Italy.,Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy
| | - Diego Sbardella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Italy.,Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy
| | - Donato Di Pierro
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Fabio Polticelli
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Italy.,National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Roma Tre Section, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Italy.,Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefano Marini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Italy. .,Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy.
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35
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Ascenzi P, Sbardella D, Santucci R, Coletta M. Cyanide binding to ferrous and ferric microperoxidase-11. J Biol Inorg Chem 2016; 21:511-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-016-1361-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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36
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Ascenzi P, Sbardella D, Fiocchetti M, Santucci R, Coletta M. NO2−-mediated nitrosylation of ferrous microperoxidase-11. J Inorg Biochem 2015; 153:121-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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37
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Santoro AM, Cunsolo A, D'Urso A, Sbardella D, Tundo GR, Ciaccio C, Coletta M, Diana D, Fattorusso R, Persico M, Di Dato A, Fattorusso C, Milardi D, Purrello R. Cationic porphyrins are tunable gatekeepers of the 20S proteasome. Chem Sci 2015; 7:1286-1297. [PMID: 29910886 PMCID: PMC5975898 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03312h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Three homologous cationic porphyrins differently affect the 20S proteasome gating mechanism.
The 20S proteasome is a barrel-shaped enzymatic assembly playing a critical role in proteome maintenance. Access of proteasome substrates to the catalytic chamber is finely regulated through gating mechanisms which involve aromatic and negatively charged residues located at the N-terminal tails of α subunits. However, despite the importance of gates in regulating proteasome function, up to now very few molecules have been shown to interfere with the equilibrium by which the catalytic channel exchanges between the open and closed states. In this light, and inspired by previous results evidencing the antiproteasome potential of cationic porphyrins, here we combine experimental (enzyme kinetics, UV stopped flow and NMR) and computational (bioinformatic analysis and docking studies) approaches to inspect proteasome inhibition by meso-tetrakis(4-N-methylpyridyl)-porphyrin (H2T4) and its two ortho- and meta-isomers. We show that in a first, fast binding event H2T4 accommodates in a pocket made of negatively charged and aromatic residues present in α1 (Asp10, Phe9), α3 (Tyr5), α5 (Asp9, Tyr8), α6 (Asp7, Tyr6) and α7 (Asp9, Tyr8) subunits thereby stabilizing the closed conformation. A second, slower binding mode involves interaction with the grooves which separate the α- from the β-rings. Of note, the proteasome inhibition by ortho- and meta-H2T4 decreases significantly if compared to the parent compound, thus underscoring the role played by spatial distribution of the four peripheral positive charges in regulating proteasome–ligand interactions. We think that our results may pave the way to further studies aimed at rationalizing the molecular basis of novel, and more sophisticated, proteasome regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Santoro
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini - CNR UOS di Catania , Via P. Gaifami 18 , 95126 Catania , Italy .
| | - Alessandra Cunsolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche , Università di Catania , Viale Andrea Doria 6 , 95125 Catania , Italy .
| | - Alessandro D'Urso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche , Università di Catania , Viale Andrea Doria 6 , 95125 Catania , Italy .
| | - Diego Sbardella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale , Università di Roma Tor Vergata , Via Montpellier 1 , I-00133 Roma , Italy .
| | - Grazia R Tundo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale , Università di Roma Tor Vergata , Via Montpellier 1 , I-00133 Roma , Italy .
| | - Chiara Ciaccio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale , Università di Roma Tor Vergata , Via Montpellier 1 , I-00133 Roma , Italy .
| | - Massimiliano Coletta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale , Università di Roma Tor Vergata , Via Montpellier 1 , I-00133 Roma , Italy .
| | - Donatella Diana
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , CNR , Via Mezzocannone 16 , 80134 Napoli , Italy
| | - Roberto Fattorusso
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali , Biologiche e Farmaceutiche , Seconda Università degli Studi Napoli , Via Vivaldi 43 , 81100 , Caserta , Italy .
| | - Marco Persico
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli "Federico II" , Via D. Montesano , 49 I-80131 Napoli , Italy .
| | - Antonio Di Dato
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli "Federico II" , Via D. Montesano , 49 I-80131 Napoli , Italy .
| | - Caterina Fattorusso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli "Federico II" , Via D. Montesano , 49 I-80131 Napoli , Italy .
| | - Danilo Milardi
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini - CNR UOS di Catania , Via P. Gaifami 18 , 95126 Catania , Italy .
| | - Roberto Purrello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche , Università di Catania , Viale Andrea Doria 6 , 95125 Catania , Italy .
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Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Ciaccio C, De Pascali S, Campanella V, Cozza P, Tarantino U, Coletta M, Fanizzi FP, Marini S. Effect of cisplatin on proteasome activity. J Inorg Biochem 2015; 153:253-258. [PMID: 26387966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapy drug which exerts cytotoxic activity by affecting both nuclear and cytosolic pathways. Herewith, we report, for the first time, that cisplatin inhibits proteasome activity in vitro. Cisplatin induces a dose dependent inhibition of the three enzymatic activities of proteasome (i.e., the chymotrypsin-like activity, the trypsin-like activity and the caspase-like activity). Moreover, cisplatin administration to neuroblastoma cells brings about a fast loss of proteasome particle activity, which is followed by a de novo synthesis of proteasome. Lastly, we report that the simultaneous administration of lactacystin and cisplatin enhances the cytotoxicity of cisplatin alone. The overall bulk of data opens to an intriguing scenario, concerning the biological effects of cisplatin in the control of cellular life, which goes beyond the well established genotoxic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy; CIRCMSB, Via C. Ulpiani 27, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - D Sbardella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy; CIRCMSB, Via C. Ulpiani 27, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - C Ciaccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy; CIRCMSB, Via C. Ulpiani 27, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - S De Pascali
- CIRCMSB, Via C. Ulpiani 27, I-70125 Bari, Italy; Department of Environmental Biological Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - V Campanella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - P Cozza
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - U Tarantino
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy; Center for Space Biomedicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - M Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy; CIRCMSB, Via C. Ulpiani 27, I-70125 Bari, Italy; Center for Space Biomedicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - F P Fanizzi
- CIRCMSB, Via C. Ulpiani 27, I-70125 Bari, Italy; Department of Environmental Biological Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - S Marini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy; CIRCMSB, Via C. Ulpiani 27, I-70125 Bari, Italy; Center for Space Biomedicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy.
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Tundo GR, Sbardella D, De Pascali SA, Ciaccio C, Coletta M, Fanizzi FP, Marini S. Novel Platinum(II) compounds modulate insulin-degrading enzyme activity and induce cell death in neuroblastoma cells. J Biol Inorg Chem 2015; 20:101-108. [PMID: 25450414 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-014-1217-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The properties of three novel Platinum(II) compounds toward the insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) enzymatic activity have been investigated under physiological conditions. The rationale of this study resides on previous observations that these compounds, specifically designed and synthesized by some of us, induce apoptosis in various cancer cell lines, whereas IDE has been proposed as a putative oncogene involved in neuroblastoma onset and progression. Two of these compounds, namely [PtCl(O,O'-acac)(DMSO)] and [Pt(O,O'-acac)(γ-acac)(DMS)], display a modulatory behavior, wherefore activation or inhibition of IDE activity occurs over different concentration ranges (suggesting the existence of two binding sites on the enzyme). On the other hand, [Pt(O,O'-acac)(γ-acac)(DMSO)] shows a typical competitive inhibitory pattern, characterized by a meaningful affinity constant (K i = 0.95 ± 0.21 μM). Although all three compounds induce cell death in neuroblastoma SHSY5Y cells at concentrations exceeding 2 μM, the two modulators facilitate cells' proliferation at concentrations ≤ 1.5 μM, whereas the competitive inhibitor [Pt(O,O'-acac)(γ-acac)(DMSO)] only shows a pro-apoptotic activity at all investigated concentrations. These features render the [Pt(O,O'-acac)(γ-acac)(DMSO)] a promising "lead compound" for the synthesis of IDE-specific inhibitors (not characterized yet) with therapeutic potentiality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia R Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,CIRCMSB, Via C. Ulpiani 27, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Diego Sbardella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,CIRCMSB, Via C. Ulpiani 27, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Sandra A De Pascali
- CIRCMSB, Via C. Ulpiani 27, 70125, Bari, Italy.,Department of Environmental Biological Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Chiara Ciaccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,CIRCMSB, Via C. Ulpiani 27, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,CIRCMSB, Via C. Ulpiani 27, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco P Fanizzi
- CIRCMSB, Via C. Ulpiani 27, 70125, Bari, Italy.,Department of Environmental Biological Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Stefano Marini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy. .,CIRCMSB, Via C. Ulpiani 27, 70125, Bari, Italy.
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Sbardella D, Sciandra F, Gioia M, Marini S, Gori A, Giardina B, Tarantino U, Coletta M, Brancaccio A, Bozzi M. α-dystroglycan is a potential target of matrix metalloproteinase MMP-2. Matrix Biol 2014; 41:2-7. [PMID: 25483986 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dystroglycan (DG) is a member of the glycoprotein complex associated to dystrophin and composed by two subunits, the β-DG, a transmembrane protein, and the α-DG, an extensively glycosylated extracellular protein. The β-DG ectodomain degradation by the matrix metallo-proteinases (i.e., MMP-2 and MMP-9) in both, pathological and physiological conditions, has been characterized in detail in previous publications. Since the amounts of α-DG and β-DG at the cell surface decrease when gelatinases are up-regulated, we investigated the degradation of α-DG subunit by MMP-2. Present data show, for the first time, that the proteolysis of α-DG indeed occurs on a native glycosylated molecule enriched from rabbit skeletal muscle. In order to characterize the α-DG portion, which is more prone to cleavage by MMP-2, we performed different degradations on tailored recombinant domains of α-DG spanning the whole subunit. The overall bulk of results casts light on a relevant susceptibility of the α-DG to MMP-2 degradation with particular reference to its C-terminal domain, thus opening a new scenario on the role of gelatinases (in particular of MMP-2) in the degradation of this glycoprotein complex, taking place in the course of pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Sbardella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Universita` di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Centro di Biomedicina Spaziale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sciandra
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare (CNR) c/c Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Magda Gioia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Universita` di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Centro di Biomedicina Spaziale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Marini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Universita` di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Centro di Biomedicina Spaziale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gori
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare (CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Bruno Giardina
- Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Umberto Tarantino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Universita` di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Centro di Biomedicina Spaziale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Universita` di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Centro di Biomedicina Spaziale, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Brancaccio
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare (CNR) c/c Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Bozzi
- Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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Sbardella D, Tundo G, Fasciglione G, Gioia M, Bisicchia S, Gasbarra E, Ippolito E, Tarantino U, Coletta M, Marini S. Role of Metalloproteinases in Tendon Pathophysiology. Mini Rev Med Chem 2014; 14:978-87. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557514666141106132411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Tomao L, Sbardella D, Gioia M, Di Masi A, Marini S, Ascenzi P, Coletta M. Characterization of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) catalytic mechanism: a pre-steady-state and steady-state study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102470. [PMID: 25068395 PMCID: PMC4113483 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), an enzyme of 30 kDa grouped in the kallikrein family is synthesized to high levels by normal and malignant prostate epithelial cells. Therefore, it is the main biomarker currently used for early diagnosis of prostate cancer. Here, presteady-state and steady-state kinetics of the PSA-catalyzed hydrolysis of the fluorogenic substrate Mu-His-Ser-Ser-Lys-Leu-Gln-AMC (spanning from pH 6.5 to pH 9.0, at 37.0°C) are reported. Steady-state kinetics display at every pH value a peculiar feature, represented by an initial "burst" phase of the fluorescence signal before steady-state conditions are taking place. This behavior, which has been already observed in other members of the kallikrein family, suggests the occurrence of a proteolytic mechanism wherefore the acylation step is faster than the deacylation process. This feature allows to detect the acyl intermediate, where the newly formed C-terminal carboxylic acid of the cleaved substrate forms an ester bond with the -OH group of the Ser195 catalytic residue, whereas the AMC product has been already released. Therefore, the pH-dependence of the two enzymatic steps (i.e., acylation and deacylation) has been separately characterized, allowing the determination of pKa values. On this basis, possible residues are tentatively identified in PSA, which might regulate these two steps by interacting with the two portions of the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Tomao
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
| | - Diego Sbardella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy
| | - Magda Gioia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Di Masi
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, University of Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano Marini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, University of Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy
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Ascenzi P, Leboffe L, Pesce A, Ciaccio C, Sbardella D, Bolognesi M, Coletta M. Nitrite-reductase and peroxynitrite isomerization activities of Methanosarcina acetivorans protoglobin. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95391. [PMID: 24827820 PMCID: PMC4020757 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the globin superfamily, protoglobins (Pgb) belong phylogenetically to the same cluster of two-domain globin-coupled sensors and single-domain sensor globins. Multiple functional roles have been postulated for Methanosarcina acetivorans Pgb (Ma-Pgb), since the detoxification of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species might co-exist with enzymatic activity(ies) to facilitate the conversion of CO to methane. Here, the nitrite-reductase and peroxynitrite isomerization activities of the CysE20Ser mutant of Ma-Pgb (Ma-Pgb*) are reported and analyzed in parallel with those of related heme-proteins. Kinetics of nitrite-reductase activity of ferrous Ma-Pgb* (Ma-Pgb*-Fe(II)) is biphasic and values of the second-order rate constant for the reduction of NO2– to NO and the concomitant formation of nitrosylated Ma-Pgb*-Fe(II) (Ma-Pgb*-Fe(II)-NO) are kapp1 = 9.6±0.2 M–1 s–1 and kapp2 = 1.2±0.1 M–1 s–1 (at pH 7.4 and 20°C). The kapp1 and kapp2 values increase by about one order of magnitude for each pH unit decrease, between pH 8.3 and 6.2, indicating that the reaction requires one proton. On the other hand, kinetics of peroxynitrite isomerization catalyzed by ferric Ma-Pgb* (Ma-Pgb*-Fe(III)) is monophasic and values of the second order rate constant for peroxynitrite isomerization by Ma-Pgb*-Fe(III) and of the first order rate constant for the spontaneous conversion of peroxynitrite to nitrate are happ = 3.8×104 M–1 s–1 and h0 = 2.8×10–1 s–1 (at pH 7.4 and 20°C). The pH-dependence of hon and h0 values reflects the acid-base equilibrium of peroxynitrite (pKa = 6.7 and 6.9, respectively; at 20°C), indicating that HOONO is the species that reacts preferentially with the heme-Fe(III) atom. These results highlight the potential role of Pgbs in the biosynthesis and scavenging of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, University Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Roma, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Loris Leboffe
- Interdepartmental Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, University Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Ciaccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy
| | - Diego Sbardella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy
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Nicolis S, Monzani E, Pezzella A, Ascenzi P, Sbardella D, Casella L. Neuroglobin Modification by Reactive Quinone Species. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:1821-31. [DOI: 10.1021/tx4001896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Nicolis
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Enrico Monzani
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pezzella
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli ‘Federico II’, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Laboratorio
Interdipartimentale di Microscopia Elettronica, Università Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Diego Sbardella
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Roma ‘Tor Vergata’, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Ricerca sulla Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, Via C. Ulpiani
27, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Casella
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Ricerca sulla Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, Via C. Ulpiani
27, 70126 Bari, Italy
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Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Ciaccio C, Bianculli A, Orlandi A, Desimio MG, Arcuri G, Coletta M, Marini S. Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE): a novel heat shock-like protein. J Biol Chem 2012. [PMID: 23188819 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.393108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is a highly conserved zinc metallopeptidase that is ubiquitously distributed in human tissues, and particularly abundant in the brain, liver, and muscles. IDE activity has been historically associated with insulin and β-amyloid catabolism. However, over the last decade, several experimental findings have established that IDE is also involved in a wide variety of physiopathological processes, including ubiquitin clearance and Varicella Zoster Virus infection. In this study, we demonstrate that normal and malignant cells exposed to different stresses markedly up-regulate IDE in a heat shock protein (HSP)-like fashion. Additionally, we focused our attention on tumor cells and report that (i) IDE is overexpressed in vivo in tumors of the central nervous system (CNS); (ii) IDE-silencing inhibits neuroblastoma (SHSY5Y) cell proliferation and triggers cell death; (iii) IDE inhibition is accompanied by a decrease of the poly-ubiquitinated protein content and co-immunoprecipitates with proteasome and ubiquitin in SHSY5Y cells. In this work, we propose a novel role for IDE as a heat shock protein with implications in cell growth regulation and cancer progression, thus opening up an intriguing hypothesis of IDE as an anticancer target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Raffaella Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133, Rome, Italy
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Sbardella D, Inzitari R, Iavarone F, Gioia M, Marini S, Sciandra F, Castagnola M, Van den Steen PE, Opdenakker G, Giardina B, Brancaccio A, Coletta M, Bozzi M. Enzymatic processing by MMP-2 and MMP-9 of wild-type and mutated mouse β-dystroglycan. IUBMB Life 2012; 64:988-94. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.1095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Petrera A, Amstutz B, Gioia M, Hähnlein J, Baici A, Selchow P, Ferraris DM, Rizzi M, Sbardella D, Marini S, Coletta M, Sander P. Functional characterization of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis zinc metallopeptidase Zmp1 and identification of potential substrates. Biol Chem 2012; 393:631-40. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2012-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Zinc metallopeptidases of bacterial pathogens are widely distributed virulence factors and represent promising pharmacological targets. In this work, we have characterized Zmp1, a zinc metallopeptidase identified as a virulence factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and belonging to the neprilysin (NEP; M13) family, whose X-ray structure has been recently solved. Interestingly, this enzyme shows an optimum activity toward a fluorogenic substrate at moderately acidic pH values (i.e., 6.3), which corresponds to those reported for the Mtb phagosome where this enzyme should exert its pathological activity. Substrate specificity of Zmp1 was investigated by screening a peptide library. Several sequences derived from biologically relevant proteins were identified as possible substrates, including the neuropeptides bradykinin, neurotensin, and neuropeptide FF. Further, subsequences of other small bioactive peptides were found among most frequently cleaved sites, e.g., apelin-13 and substance P. We determined the specific cleavage site within neuropeptides by mass spectrometry, observing that hydrophobic amino acids, mainly phenylalanine and isoleucine, are overrepresented at position P1′. In addition, the enzymatic mechanism of Zmp1 toward these neuropeptides has been characterized, displaying some differences with respect to the synthetic fluorogenic substrate and indicating that the enzyme adapts its enzymatic action to different substrates.
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Tundo G, Ciaccio C, Sbardella D, Boraso M, Viviani B, Coletta M, Marini S. Somatostatin modulates insulin-degrading-enzyme metabolism: implications for the regulation of microglia activity in AD. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34376. [PMID: 22509294 PMCID: PMC3317975 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ) into senile plaques and the impairment of somatostatin-mediated neurotransmission are key pathological events in the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Insulin-degrading-enzyme (IDE) is one of the main extracellular protease targeting Aβ, and thus it represents an interesting pharmacological target for AD therapy. We show that the active form of somatostatin-14 regulates IDE activity by affecting its expression and secretion in microglia cells. A similar effect can also be observed when adding octreotide. Following a previous observation where somatostatin directly interacts with IDE, here we demonstrate that somatostatin regulates Aβ catabolism by modulating IDE proteolytic activity in IDE gene-silencing experiments. As a whole, these data indicate the relevant role played by somatostatin and, potentially, by analogue octreotide, in preventing Aβ accumulation by partially restoring IDE activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Tundo
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Ciaccio
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Diego Sbardella
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy
| | - Mariaserena Boraso
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Viviani
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Coletta
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefano Marini
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
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Ferraris DM, Sbardella D, Petrera A, Marini S, Amstutz B, Coletta M, Sander P, Rizzi M. Crystal structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis zinc-dependent metalloprotease-1 (Zmp1), a metalloprotease involved in pathogenicity. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:32475-82. [PMID: 21813647 PMCID: PMC3173161 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.271809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, parasitizes host macrophages. The resistance of the tubercle bacilli to the macrophage hostile environment relates to their ability to impair phagosome maturation and its fusion with the lysosome, thus preventing the formation of the phago-lysosome and eventually arresting the process of phagocytosis. The M. tuberculosis zinc-dependent metalloprotease Zmp1 has been proposed to play a key role in the process of phagosome maturation inhibition and emerged as an important player in pathogenesis. Here, we report the crystal structure of wild-type Zmp1 at 2.6 Å resolution in complex with the generic zinc metalloprotease inhibitor phosphoramidon, which we demonstrated to inhibit the enzyme potently. Our data represent the first structural characterization of a bacterial member of the zinc-dependent M13 endopeptidase family and revealed a significant degree of conservation with eukaryotic enzymes. However, structural comparison of the Zmp1-phosphoramidon complex with homologous human proteins neprilysin and endothelin-converting enzyme-1 revealed unique features of the Zmp1 active site to be exploited for the rational design of specific inhibitors that may prove useful as a pharmacological tool for better understanding Zmp1 biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide M. Ferraris
- From the DISCAFF Department of Chemical, Food, Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale A. Avogadro, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Diego Sbardella
- the Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
- the Interuniversity Consortium for Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, 70126 Bari, Italy, and
| | - Agnese Petrera
- the Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Marini
- the Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Beat Amstutz
- the Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Coletta
- From the DISCAFF Department of Chemical, Food, Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale A. Avogadro, 28100 Novara, Italy
- the Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Peter Sander
- the Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Menico Rizzi
- From the DISCAFF Department of Chemical, Food, Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale A. Avogadro, 28100 Novara, Italy
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50
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Gioia M, Fasciglione GF, Monaco S, Iundusi R, Sbardella D, Marini S, Tarantino U, Coletta M. pH dependence of the enzymatic processing of collagen I by MMP-1 (fibroblast collagenase), MMP-2 (gelatinase A), and MMP-14 ectodomain. J Biol Inorg Chem 2010; 15:1219-32. [PMID: 20549272 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-010-0680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2010] [Accepted: 06/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The proteolytic processing of collagen I by three matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a collagenase (MMP-1), a gelatinase (MMP-2), and the ectodomain of a membrane-type metalloproteinase (MMP-14), has been investigated at 37 °C between pH 6.0 and 9.2, a pH range reflecting conditions found in different body compartments under various physiopathological processes. In the proteolytic degradation the native collagen triple helix must be partially unwound to allow the binding of α chains to the protease's active-site cleft. We have found that MMP-1 interacts with the two types of collagen I α chains in a similar fashion, whereas both MMP-2 and MMP-14 bind the two α chains in a different way. The overall enzymatic activity is higher on the α-2 chain for both MMP-1 and MMP-2, whereas the MMP-14 ectodomain preferentially cleaves the α-1 chain. In MMP-2 a marked difference for substrate affinity (higher for the α-1 chain) is overwhelmed by an even more marked propensity to cleave the α-2 chain. As a whole, the three classes of MMPs investigated appear to process collagen I in a significantly different fashion, so various MMPs play different roles in the collagen homeostasis in various compartments (such as bloodstream, synovial fluid, normal and tumoral tissues), where different pH values are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Gioia
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
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