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Gonçalves PB, Sodero ACR, Cordeiro Y. Natural products targeting amyloid-β oligomer neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116684. [PMID: 39032401 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) constitutes a major global health issue, characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment, for which no curative treatment is currently available. Current therapeutic approaches are focused on symptom management, highlighting the critical need for disease-modifying therapy. The hallmark pathology of AD involves the aggregation and accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides in the brain. Consequently, drug discovery efforts in recent decades have centered on the Aβ aggregation cascade, which includes the transition of monomeric Aβ peptides into toxic oligomers and, ultimately, mature fibrils. Historically, anti-Aβ strategies focused on the clearance of amyloid fibrils using monoclonal antibodies. However, substantial evidence has highlighted the critical role of Aβ oligomers (AβOs) in AD pathogenesis. Soluble AβOs are now recognized as more toxic than fibrils, directly contributing to synaptic impairment, neuronal damage, and the onset of AD. Targeting AβOs has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach to mitigate cognitive decline in AD. Natural products (NPs) have demonstrated promise against AβO neurotoxicity through various mechanisms, including preventing AβO formation, enhancing clearance mechanisms, or converting AβOs into non-toxic species. Understanding the mechanisms by which anti-AβO NPs operate is useful for developing disease-modifying treatments for AD. In this review, we explore the role of NPs in mitigating AβO neurotoxicity for AD drug discovery, summarizing key evidence from biophysical methods, cellular assays, and animal models. By discussing how NPs modulate AβO neurotoxicity across various experimental systems, we aim to provide valuable insights into novel therapeutic strategies targeting AβOs in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yraima Cordeiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21949-900, Brazil
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2
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Roy S, Srinivasan VR, Arunagiri S, Mishra N, Bhatia A, Shejale KP, Prajapati KP, Kar K, Anand BG. Molecular insights into the phase transition of lysozyme into amyloid nanostructures: Implications of therapeutic strategies in diverse pathological conditions. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 331:103205. [PMID: 38875805 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Lysozyme, a well-known bacteriolytic enzyme, exhibits a fascinating yet complex behavior when it comes to protein aggregation. Under certain conditions, this enzyme undergoes flexible transformation, transitioning from partially unfolded intermediate units of native conformers into complex cross-β-rich nano fibrillar amyloid architectures. Formation of such lysozyme amyloids has been implicated in a multitude of pathological and medical severities, like hepatic dysfunction, hepatomegaly, splenic rupture as well as spleen dysfunction, nephropathy, sicca syndrome, renal dysfunction, renal amyloidosis, and systemic amyloidosis. In this comprehensive review, we have attempted to provide in-depth insights into the aggregating behavior of lysozyme across a spectrum of variables, including concentrations, temperatures, pH levels, and mutations. Our objective is to elucidate the underlying mechanisms that govern lysozyme's aggregation process and to unravel the complex interplay between its structural attributes. Moreover, this work has critically examined the latest advancements in the field, focusing specifically on novel strategies and systems, that have been implemented to delay or inhibit the lysozyme amyloidogenesis. Apart from this, we have tried to explore and advance our fundamental understanding of the complex processes involved in lysozyme aggregation. This will help the research community to lay a robust foundation for screening, designing, and formulating targeted anti-amyloid therapeutics offering improved treatment modalities and interventions not only for lysozyme-linked amyloidopathy but for a wide range of amyloid-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindhujit Roy
- Biomolecular Self-Assembly Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Venkat Ramanan Srinivasan
- Biomolecular Self-Assembly Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Subash Arunagiri
- Biomolecular Self-Assembly Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Nishant Mishra
- Biomolecular Self-Assembly Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Anubhuti Bhatia
- Biomolecular Self-Assembly Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Kiran P Shejale
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Kailash Prasad Prajapati
- Biophysical and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Karunakar Kar
- Biophysical and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India..
| | - Bibin Gnanadhason Anand
- Biomolecular Self-Assembly Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India..
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3
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Esmaeili A, Eteghadi A, Landi FS, Yavari SF, Taghipour N. Recent approaches in regenerative medicine in the fight against neurodegenerative disease. Brain Res 2024; 1825:148688. [PMID: 38042394 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases arise due to slow and gradual loss of structure and/or function of neurons and glial cells and cause different degrees of loss of cognition abilities and sensation. The little success in developing effective treatments imposes a high and regressive economic impact on society, patients and their families. In recent years, regenerative medicine has provided a great opportunity to research new innovative strategies with strong potential to treatleva these diseases. These effects are due to the ability of suitable cells and biomaterials to regenerate damaged nerves with differentiated cells, creating an appropriate environment for recovering or preserving existing healthy neurons and glial cells from destruction and damage. Ultimately, a better understanding and thus a further investigation of stem cell technology, tissue engineering, gene therapy, and exosomes allows progress towards practical and effective treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, in this review, advances currently being developed in regenerative medicine using animal models and human clinical trials in neurological disorders are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Esmaeili
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Eteghadi
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Saeedi Landi
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shadnaz Fakhteh Yavari
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Taghipour
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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4
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Tavan M, Hanachi P, de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea M, Segura Carretero A, Mirjalili MH. Natural Phenolic Compounds with Neuroprotective Effects. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:306-326. [PMID: 37940760 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04046-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequently oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis that contribute to neuronal cytotoxicity and degeneration. Huntington's (HD), Alzheimer's (AD), and Parkinson's (PD) diseases are three of the major neurodegenerative diseases. To date, researchers have found various natural phytochemicals that could potentially be used to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Particularly, the application of natural phenolic compounds has gained significant traction in recent years, driven by their various biological activities and therapeutic efficacy in human health. Polyphenols, by modulating different cellular functions, play an important role in neuroprotection and can neutralize the effects of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in animal models. This review focuses on the current state of knowledge on phenolic compounds, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes, and coumarins, as well as their beneficial effects on human health. We further provide an overview of the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of action of natural dietary phenolics in curing neurodegenerative diseases in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoureh Tavan
- Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran.
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parichehr Hanachi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Mohammad Hossein Mirjalili
- Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
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5
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Belviranlı M, Okudan N. Coconut oil ameliorates behavioral and biochemical alterations induced by D-GAL/AlCl 3 in rats. Brain Res 2024; 1823:148704. [PMID: 38052316 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative condition marked by cognitive impairment. Although coconut oil has been shown to be potentially beneficial in reducing AD-related cognitive deficits, information on its mechanism of action is limited. Thus, we investigated the effects of coconut oil on spatial cognitive ability and non-cognitive functions in a rat model of AD induced by G-galactose (D-GAL) and aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and examined the changes in synaptic transmission, cholinergic activity, neurotrophic factors and oxidative stress in this process. The AD model was established by administering D-GAL and AlCl3 for 90 days, while also supplementing with coconut oil during this time. Cognitive and non-cognitive abilities of the rats were evaluated at the end of the 90-day supplementation period. In addition, biochemical markers related to the pathogenesis of the AD were measures in the hippocampus tissue. Exposure to D-GAL/AlCl3 resulted in a reduction in locomotor activity, an elevation in anxiety-like behavior, and an impairment of spatial learning and memory (P < 0.05). The aforementioned behavioral disturbances were observed to coincide with increased oxidative stress and cholinergic impairment, as well as reduced synaptic transmission and levels of neurotrophins in the hippocampus (P < 0.05). Interestingly, treatment with coconut oil attenuated all the neuropathological changes mentioned above (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that coconut oil shows protective effects against cognitive and non-cognitive impairment, AD pathology markers, oxidative stress, synaptic transmission, and cholinergic function in a D-GAL/AlCl3-induced AD rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muaz Belviranlı
- Selçuk University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Nilsel Okudan
- Selçuk University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Konya, Turkey
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6
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Fatehi Y, Sahraei A, Mohammadi F. Myricetin and morin hydrate inhibit amyloid fibril formation of bovine α-lactalbumin (BLA). Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127908. [PMID: 37939780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid fibrils are self-assembled aggregates of proteins and peptides that can lead to a broad range of diseases called amyloidosis. So far, no definitive and approved treatment to target directly amyloid fibrils has been introduced. Nevertheless, the search for small molecules with ability to inhibit and suppress fibril formation is an active and promising area of the research. Herein, the binding interactions and inhibitory effects of myricetin and morin hydrate on the in vitro fibrillation of bovine α-lactalbumin (BLA) have been investigated. The intrinsic fluorescence of BLA was quenched by myricetin and morin hydrate through combination of the static and dynamic quenching along with non-radiative Förster energy transfer mechanisms. The binding of these two flavonoids to BLA were not accompanied by major alteration in the conformation of BLA as evidenced by CD studies. The results of the fluorescence quenching analyses indicated almost the same binding affinities of myricetin and morin hydrate toward BLA (Kb ~ 106 M-1). However, the results of thioflavin T (ThT) assays showed that myricetin is a stronger inhibitor against BLA fibrillation compared to morin hydrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Fatehi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 444 Prof. Sobouti Blvd., Gava Zang, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Amin Sahraei
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 444 Prof. Sobouti Blvd., Gava Zang, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran.
| | - Fakhrossadat Mohammadi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 444 Prof. Sobouti Blvd., Gava Zang, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran.
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7
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Sethiya NK, Ghiloria N, Srivastav A, Bisht D, Chaudhary SK, Walia V, Alam MS. Therapeutic Potential of Myricetin in the Treatment of Neurological, Neuropsychiatric, and Neurodegenerative Disorders. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:865-882. [PMID: 37461364 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230718105358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Myricetin (MC), 3,5,7,3',4',5'-hexahydroxyflavone, chemically belongs to a flavonoid category known to confer antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective effects. MC is known to suppress the generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (MDA), and inflammatory markers. It has been reported to improve insulin function in the human brain and periphery. Besides this, it modulates several neurochemicals including glutamate, GABA, serotonin, etc. MC has been shown to reduce the expression of the enzyme Mono Amine Oxidase (MAO), which is responsible for the metabolism of monoamines. MC treatment reduces levels of plasma corticosterone and restores hippocampal BDNF (full form) protein in stressed animals. Further, MC has shown its protective effect against amyloid-beta, MPTP, rotenone, 6-OHDA, etc. suggesting its potential role against neurodegenerative disorders. The aim of the present review is to highlight the therapeutic potential of MC in the treatment of several neurological, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neha Ghiloria
- Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar Hospital, Rohini, New Delhi 110085, India
| | | | - Dheeraj Bisht
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sir J.C. Bose Technical Campus, Bhimtal, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263002, India
| | | | - Vaibhav Walia
- Department of Pharmacology, SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India
| | - Md Sabir Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India
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Günther M, Dabare S, Fuchs J, Gunesch S, Hofmann J, Decker M, Culmsee C. Flavonoid-Phenolic Acid Hybrids Are Potent Inhibitors of Ferroptosis via Attenuation of Mitochondrial Impairment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:44. [PMID: 38247469 PMCID: PMC10812788 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, and the flavonoids quercetin and taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) are naturally occurring compounds found in plants. They are often referred to as polyphenols and are known, among others, for their pharmacological effects supporting health through the inhibition of aging processes and oxidative stress. To improve their bioavailability, pharmacological activities, and safety, the creation of novel flavonoid-phenolic acid hybrids is an area of active research. Previous work showed that such hybridization products of phenolic acids and flavonoids enhanced the resilience of neuronal cells against oxidative stress in vitro, and attenuated cognitive impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in vivo. Notably, the therapeutic effects of the hybrid compounds we obtained were more pronounced than the protective activities of the respective individual components. The underlying mechanisms mediated by the flavonoid-phenolic acid hybrids, however, remained unclear and may differ from the signaling pathways activated by the originating structures of the respective individual phenolic acids or flavonoids. In this study, we characterized the effects of four previously described potent flavonoid-phenolic acid hybrids in models of oxidative cell death through ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is a type of iron-dependent regulated cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial ROS generation and has been linked to neurodegenerative conditions. In models of ferroptosis induced by erastin or RSL3, we analyzed mitochondrial (lipid) peroxidation, mitochondrial membrane integrity, and Ca2+ regulation. Our results demonstrate the strong protective effects of the hybrid compounds against ROS formation in the cytosol and mitochondria. Importantly, these protective effects against ferroptosis were not mediated by radical scavenging activities of the phenolic hybrid compounds but through inhibition of mitochondrial complex I activity and reduced mitochondrial respiration. Our data highlight the effects of flavonoid-phenolic acid hybrids on mitochondrial metabolism and further important mitochondrial parameters that collectively determine the health and functionality of mitochondria with a high impact on the integrity and survival of the neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Günther
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 2, 35043 Marburg, Germany;
| | - Samentha Dabare
- Marburg Center of Mind, Brain, and Behavior—CMBB, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Fuchs
- Marburg Center of Mind, Brain, and Behavior—CMBB, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Gunesch
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany (M.D.)
| | - Julian Hofmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany (M.D.)
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany (M.D.)
| | - Carsten Culmsee
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 2, 35043 Marburg, Germany;
- Marburg Center of Mind, Brain, and Behavior—CMBB, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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Hasan S, Khatri N, Rahman ZN, Menezes AA, Martini J, Shehjar F, Mujeeb N, Shah ZA. Neuroprotective Potential of Flavonoids in Brain Disorders. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1258. [PMID: 37759859 PMCID: PMC10526484 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13091258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a large subgroup of polyphenols known to be sourced from over 6000 natural products, including fruits, vegetables, bark, and herbs. Due to their antioxidant properties, flavonoids have been implicated as a therapy source for many diseases and conditions, including inflammation, vasculitis, venous insufficiency, and hemorrhoids. Currently, some flavonoids are being researched for their antioxidant ability concerning neuroprotection. These flavonoids can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and, depending on the specific flavonoid, retain adequate bioavailability in certain brain regions. Further data suggest that flavonoids could have a strong anti-inflammatory effect in the brain, which not only could be a robust therapeutic source for known neuroinflammatory diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease or Parkinson's Disease but also could be a therapeutic source for ischemic or hemorrhagic conditions such as a stroke. While flavonoid toxicity exists, they are relatively safe and non-invasive drugs from natural origins. As such, exploring the known mechanisms and therapies may highlight and establish flavonoid therapy as a viable source of therapy for stroke patients. As stated, many flavonoids are already being isolated, purified, and implemented in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. As these flavonoids proceed to clinical trials, it will be important to understand how they function as a therapy, primarily as antioxidants, and by other secondary mechanisms. This review aims to elucidate those mechanisms and explore the neuroprotective role of flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Hasan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Nabeel Khatri
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, The University of Toledo, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Zainab N. Rahman
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, The University of Toledo, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Amanda A. Menezes
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, The University of Toledo, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Joud Martini
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, The University of Toledo, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Faheem Shehjar
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, The University of Toledo, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Numa Mujeeb
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, The University of Toledo, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Zahoor A. Shah
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, The University of Toledo, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
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Sharma S, Tomar VR, Deep S. Myricetin: A Potent Anti-Amyloidogenic Polyphenol against Superoxide Dismutase 1 Aggregation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023. [PMID: 37314311 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is believed to be caused by the aggregation of misfolded or mutated superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1). As there is currently no treatment, research into aggregation inhibitors continues. Based on docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and experimental observations, we propose that myricetin, a plant flavonoid, can act as a potent anti-amyloidogenic polyphenol against SOD1 aggregation. Our MD simulation results showed that myricetin stabilizes the protein interface, destabilizes the preformed fibril, and decreases the rate of fibril elongation. Myricetin inhibits the aggregation of SOD1 in a dose-dependent manner as shown by the ThT aggregation kinetics curves. Our transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and circular dichroism experiments indicate that fewer shorter fibrils have formed. Fluorescence spectroscopy results predict the involvement of a static quenching mechanism characterized by a strong binding between protein and myricetin. Importantly, size exclusion chromatography revealed the potential of myricetin for fibril destabilization and depolymerization. These experimental observations complement the MD results. Thus, myricetin is a potent SOD1 aggregation inhibitor that can reduce the fibril load. Using the structure of myricetin as a reference, it is possible to design more effective therapeutic inhibitors against ALS that prevent the disease and reverse its effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, Delhi 10016, India
| | - Vijay Raj Tomar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, Delhi 10016, India
| | - Shashank Deep
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, Delhi 10016, India
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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Flavonoids in Common Neurological Disorders Associated with Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054297. [PMID: 36901731 PMCID: PMC10001833 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging reduces homeostasis and contributes to increasing the risk of brain diseases and death. Some of the principal characteristics are chronic and low-grade inflammation, a general increase in the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, and inflammatory markers. Aging-related diseases include focal ischemic stroke and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Flavonoids are the most common class of polyphenols and are abundantly found in plant-based foods and beverages. A small group of individual flavonoid molecules (e.g., quercetin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and myricetin) has been used to explore the anti-inflammatory effect in vitro studies and in animal models of focal ischemic stroke and AD and PD, and the results show that these molecules reduce the activated neuroglia and several proinflammatory cytokines, and also, inactivate inflammation and inflammasome-related transcription factors. However, the evidence from human studies has been limited. In this review article, we highlight the evidence that individual natural molecules can modulate neuroinflammation in diverse studies from in vitro to animal models to clinical studies of focal ischemic stroke and AD and PD, and we discuss future areas of research that can help researchers to develop new therapeutic agents.
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12
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Punmiya A, Prabhu A. Structural fingerprinting of pleiotropic flavonoids for multifaceted Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Int 2023; 163:105486. [PMID: 36641110 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease has emerged as one of the most challenging neurodegenerative diseases associated with dementia, loss of cognitive functioning and memory impairment. Despite enormous efforts to identify disease modifying technologies, the repertoire of currently approved drugs consists of a few symptomatic candidates that are not capable of halting disease progression. Moreover, these single mechanism drugs target only a small part of the pathological cascade and do not address most of the etiological basis of the disease. Development of therapies that are able to simultaneously tackle all the multiple interlinked causative factors such as amyloid protein aggregation, tau hyperphosphorylation, cholinergic deficit, oxidative stress, metal dyshomeostasis and neuro-inflammation has become the focus of intensive research in this domain. Flavonoids are natural phytochemicals that have demonstrated immense potential as medicinal agents due to their multiple beneficial therapeutic effects. The polypharmacological profile of flavonoids aligns well with the multifactorial pathological landscape of Alzheimer's disease, making them promising candidates to overcome the challenges of this neurodegenerative disorder. This review presents a detailed overview of the pleiotropic biology of flavonoids favourable for Alzheimer therapeutics and the structural basis for these effects. Structure activity trends for several flavonoid classes such as flavones, flavonols, flavanones, isoflavones, flavanols and anthocyanins are comprehensively analyzed in detail and presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amisha Punmiya
- Department of Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Arati Prabhu
- Department of Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India.
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13
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Synthesis, structural characterization and study of antioxidant and anti-PrP Sc properties of flavonoids and their rhenium(I)-tricarbonyl complexes. J Biol Inorg Chem 2023; 28:235-247. [PMID: 36695886 PMCID: PMC9981504 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-022-01986-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at the synthesis and initial biological evaluation of novel rhenium-tricarbonyl complexes of 3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone (quercetin), 3,7,4΄-trihydroxyflavone (resokaempferol), 5,7-dihydroxyflavone (chrysin) and 4΄,5,7-trihydroxyflavonone (naringenin) as neuroprotective and anti-PrP agents. Resokaempferol was synthesized from 2,2΄,4-trihydroxychalcone by H2O2/NaOH. The rhenium-tricarbonyl complexes of the type fac-[Re(CO)3(Fl)(sol)] were synthesized by reacting the precursor fac-[Re(CO)3(sol)3]+ with an equimolar amount of the flavonoids (Fl) quercetin, resokaempferol, chrysin and naringenin and the solvent (sol) was methanol or water. The respective Re-flavonoid complexes were purified by semi-preparative HPLC and characterized by spectroscopic methods. Furthermore, the structure of Re-chrysin was elucidated by X-ray crystallography. Initial screening of the neuroprotective properties of these compounds included the in vitro assessment of the antioxidant properties by the DPPH assay as well as the anti-lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid in the presence of AAPH and their ability to inhibit soybean lipoxygenase. From the above studies, it was concluded that the complexes' properties are mainly correlated with the structural characteristics and the presence of the flavonoids. The flavonoids and their respective Re-complexes were also tested in vitro for their ability to inhibit the formation and aggregation of the amyloid-like abnormal prion protein, PrPSc, by employing the real-time quaking-induced conversion assay with recombinant PrP seeded with cerebrospinal fluid from patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. All the compounds blocked de novo abnormal PrP formation and aggregation.
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14
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Calderaro A, Patanè GT, Tellone E, Barreca D, Ficarra S, Misiti F, Laganà G. The Neuroprotective Potentiality of Flavonoids on Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314835. [PMID: 36499159 PMCID: PMC9736131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), due to its spread, has become a global health priority, and is characterized by senile dementia and progressive disability. The main cause of AD and other neurodegenerations (Huntington, Parkinson, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) are aggregated protein accumulation and oxidative damage. Recent research on secondary metabolites of plants such as polyphenols demonstrated that they may slow the progression of AD. The flavonoids' mechanism of action in AD involved the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, Tau protein aggregation, β-secretase, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis through modulation of signaling pathways which are implicated in cognitive and neuroprotective functions, such as ERK, PI3-kinase/Akt, NFKB, MAPKs, and endogenous antioxidant enzymatic systems. This review focuses on flavonoids and their role in AD, in terms of therapeutic potentiality for human health, antioxidant potential, and specific AD molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Calderaro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tancredi Patanè
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Ester Tellone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Davide Barreca
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Silvana Ficarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Misiti
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, V. S. Angelo, Loc. Folcara, 3043 Cassino, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Laganà
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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15
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Young KA, Mancera RL. Review: Investigating the aggregation of amyloid beta with surface plasmon resonance: Do different approaches yield different results? Anal Biochem 2022; 654:114828. [PMID: 35931183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation of amyloid beta into amyloid plaques in the brain is a hallmark characteristic of Alzheimer's disease. Therapeutics aimed at preventing or retarding amyloid formation often rely on detailed characterization of the underlying mechanism and kinetics of protein aggregation. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy is a robust technique used to determine binding affinity and kinetics of biomolecular interactions. This approach has been used to characterize the mechanism of aggregation of amyloid beta but there are multiple pitfalls that need to be addressed when working with this and other amyloidogenic proteins. The choice of method for analyte preparation and ligand immobilization to a sensor chip can lead to different theoretical and practical implications in terms of the mathematical modelling of binding data, different mechanisms of binding and the presence of different interacting species. This review examines preparation methods for SPR characterisation of the aggregation of amyloid beta and their influence on the findings derived from such studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Young
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - Ricardo L Mancera
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia.
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16
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Li J, Sun M, Cui X, Li C. Protective Effects of Flavonoids against Alzheimer's Disease: Pathological Hypothesis, Potential Targets, and Structure-Activity Relationship. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710020. [PMID: 36077418 PMCID: PMC9456554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with high morbidity and mortality, for which there is no available cure. Currently, it is generally believed that AD is a disease caused by multiple factors, such as amyloid-beta accumulation, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Multitarget prevention and treatment strategies for AD are recommended. Interestingly, naturally occurring dietary flavonoids, a class of polyphenols, have been reported to have multiple biological activities and anti-AD effects in several AD models owing to their antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-amyloidogenic properties. In this review, we summarize and discuss the existing multiple pathogenic factors of AD. Moreover, we further elaborate on the biological activities of natural flavonoids and their potential mode of action and targets in managing AD by presenting a wide range of experimental evidence. The gathered data indicate that flavonoids can be regarded as prophylactics to slow the advancement of AD or avert its onset. Different flavonoids have different activities and varying levels of activity. Further, this review summarizes the structure–activity relationship of flavonoids based on the existing literature and can provide guidance on the design and selection of flavonoids as anti-AD drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (C.L.); Tel.: +86-351-701-9371 (J.L.); Fax: +86-351-701-1499 (J.L. & C.L.)
| | - Min Sun
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaodong Cui
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (C.L.); Tel.: +86-351-701-9371 (J.L.); Fax: +86-351-701-1499 (J.L. & C.L.)
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17
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Bhatia NK, Raj Tomar V, Ishika, Kishor S, Deep S. Effect of pH and temperature on physicochemical properties, aggregation behaviour and degradation kinetics of quercetin and baicalein in nearly aqueous media. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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18
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Srinivasan E, Chandrasekhar G, Rajasekaran R. Probing the polyphenolic flavonoid, morin as a highly efficacious inhibitor against amyloid(A4V) mutant SOD1 in fatal amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 727:109318. [PMID: 35690129 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Deposition of misfolded protein aggregates in key areas of human brain is the quintessential trait of various pertinent neurodegenerative disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Genetic point mutations in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) are found to be the most important contributing factor behind familial ALS. Especially, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) A4V is the most nocuous since it substantially decreases life expectancy of patients. Besides, the use of naturally occurring polyphenolic flavonoids is profoundly being advocated for palliating amyloidogenic behavior of proteopathic proteins. In the present analysis, through proficient computational tools, we have attempted to ascertain a pharmacodynamically promising flavonoid compound that effectively curbs the pathogenic behavior of A4V SOD1 mutant. Initial screening of flavonoids that exhibit potency against amyloids identified morin, myricetin and epigallocatechin gallate as promising leads. Further, with the help of feasible and yet adept protein-ligand interaction studies and stalwart molecular simulation analyses, we were able to observe that aforementioned flavonoids were able to considerably divert mutant A4V SOD1 from its distinct pathogenic behavior. Among which, morin showed the most curative potential against A4V SOD1. Therefore, morin holds a great therapeutic potential in contriving highly efficacious inhibitors in mitigating fatal and insuperable ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Srinivasan
- Quantitative Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT, Deemed to be University), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India; Department of Bioinformatics, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Chandrasekhar
- Quantitative Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT, Deemed to be University), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - R Rajasekaran
- Quantitative Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT, Deemed to be University), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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Oyeleke MB, Owoyele BV. Saponins and flavonoids from Bacopa floribunda plant extract exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on amyloid beta 1-42-induced Alzheimer's disease in BALB/c mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 288:114997. [PMID: 35033624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.114997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bacopa floribunda (BF), a locally available plant has been employed traditionally as memory enhancer in Southwestern, Nigeria. It has been utilized in traditional and Ayurvedic medicine as brain tonic for enhancing memory, anti-aging and forestalling series of psychological disorders. However, there is a dearth of scientific information on the mechanism(s) of action of important phytochemicals from BF extract on dementia. AIM OF THE STUDY Alzheimer's disease, the commonest form of dementia has been postulated to triple by 2050 as a result of increase in life expectancy. This study therefore assessed and compared the possible mechanism(s) of action of flavonoids and saponins from BF on Amyloid beta (Aβ1-42)-induced dementia in male BALB/c mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty (80) healthy BALB/c mice divided into 10 groups (n = 8) were given a single bilateral ICV injection of Aβ1-42 or normal saline. Graded doses of Saponins and flavonoids (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) were used as treatment for 21 days. Hippocampal homogenates were assayed for the levels of antioxidants, oxidative stress and neuroinflammatory markers. In vitro antioxidant activity of flavonoids and saponins were equally assessed using standard procedures. The extent of microglial activation was quantified through immunohistochemistry procedure. RESULTS Aβ1-42 successfully caused a spike in hippocampal levels of MDA, IL1β, TNF-α including MPO levels and invariably decreased antioxidant activities. Likewise an increase in reactive microglia (microgliosis) was observed. However, crude saponins and flavonoids from BF were able to suppress microgliosis, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation induced by Aβ1- 42 and were observed to be more effective at higher doses of saponins (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) and flavonoid (100 mg/kg). CONCLUSIONS Phytochemicals from BF efficiently exhibited dose dependent alleviation of some symptoms associated with Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosunmola Busayo Oyeleke
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B, 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Neuroscience and Inflammation Unit, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B, 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria.
| | - Bamidele Victor Owoyele
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience and Inflammation Unit, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B, 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria.
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20
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Pachetti M, D'Amico F, Pascolo L, Pucciarelli S, Gessini A, Parisse P, Vaccari L, Masciovecchio C. UV Resonance Raman explores protein structural modification upon fibrillation and ligand interaction. Biophys J 2021; 120:4575-4589. [PMID: 34474016 PMCID: PMC8553600 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloids are proteinaceous deposits considered an underlying pathological hallmark of several degenerative diseases. The mechanism of amyloid formation and its inhibition still represent challenging issues, especially when protein structure cannot be investigated by classical biophysical techniques as for the intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs). In this view, the need to find an alternative way for providing molecular and structural information regarding IDPs prompted us to set a novel, to our knowledge, approach focused on UV Resonance Raman (UVRR) spectroscopy. To test its applicability, we study the fibrillation of hen-egg white lysozyme (HEWL) and insulin as well as their interaction with resveratrol, employing also intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The increasing of the β-sheet structure content at the end of protein fibrillation probed by FTIR occurs simultaneously with a major solvent exposure of tryptophan (Trp) and tyrosine (Tyr) residues of HEWL and insulin, respectively, as revealed by UVRR and intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy. However, because the latter technique is successfully used when proteins naturally contain Trp residues, it shows poor performances in the case of insulin, and the information regarding its tertiary structure is exclusively provided by UVRR spectroscopy. The presence of an increased concentration of resveratrol induces mild changes in the secondary structure of both protein fibrils while remodeling HEWL fibril length and promoting the formation of amorphous aggregates in the case of insulin. Although the intrinsic fluorescence spectra of proteins are hidden by resveratrol signal, UVRR Trp and Tyr bands are resonantly enhanced, showing a good sensitivity to the presence of resveratrol and marking a modification in the noncovalent interactions in which they are involved. Our findings demonstrate that UVRR is successfully employed in the study of aggregation-prone proteins and of their interaction with ligands, especially in the case of Trp-lacking proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pachetti
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.
| | | | - Lorella Pascolo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefania Pucciarelli
- University of Camerino, School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, Camerino, Italy
| | | | - Pietro Parisse
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Istituto Officina dei Materiali - CNR (IOM-CNR), Trieste, Italy
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21
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Sharma S, Modi P, Sharma G, Deep S. Kinetics theories to understand the mechanism of aggregation of a protein and to design strategies for its inhibition. Biophys Chem 2021; 278:106665. [PMID: 34419715 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2021.106665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Protein aggregation phenomenon is closely related to the formation of amyloids which results in many neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. In order to prevent and treat these diseases, a clear understanding of the mechanism of misfolding and self-assembly of peptides and proteins is very crucial. The aggregation of a protein may involve various microscopic events. Multiple simulations utilizing the solutions of the master equation have given a better understanding of the kinetic profiles involved in the presence and absence of a particular microscopic event. This review focuses on understanding the contribution of these molecular events to protein aggregation based on the analysis of kinetic profiles of aggregation. We also discuss the effect of inhibitors, which target various species of aggregation pathways, on the kinetic profile of protein aggregation. At the end of this review, some strategies for the inhibition of aggregation that can be utilized by combining the chemical kinetics approach with thermodynamics are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Priya Modi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Gargi Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Shashank Deep
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
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22
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Koshti B, Kshtriya V, Nardin C, Gour N. Chemical Perspective of the Mechanism of Action of Antiamyloidogenic Compounds Using a Minimalistic Peptide as a Reductionist Model. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:2851-2864. [PMID: 34264635 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The diphenylalanine (FF) residue which is present at the 19 and 20 positions of the amyloid beta (1-42) (Aβ42) peptide sequence is considered as a reductionist model for studying Aβ42 aggregation. FF self-assembles into well-ordered tubular structures via aromatic π-π stacking. Herein the manuscript, we have presented a chemical perspective on the mechanism of action of antiamyloid compounds by assessing their interaction with FF. Therefore, we first coincubated FF fibers with single amino acids, since they are constituted of different R side chains yet have a common structural unit. This study revealed a crucial role of aromatic rings and functional groups like thiol (-SH) in causing destabilization of FF assembly via their interaction with π-electrons participating in π-π stacking present in FF. We further studied the interaction of different nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), other known antiamyloidogenic compounds, and host-guest inclusion compounds like cyclodextrin (CD) to assess their mechanism of action and to decipher the functional moiety present in these compounds which could cause destabilization of π-π stacking. From the coincubation experiments, we could surmise a crucial role of aromatic rings present in these compounds for causing interference in aromatic stacking. We further consolidated our observations through microscopy analysis by various spectroscopic methods such as aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE), fluorescence spectroscopy, solution-state 1H NMR, FTIR, and circular dichroism. The studies presented in the manuscript thus provide significant insights into the role of functional groups in imparting antiamyloid action and open new avenues for an efficient design of antiamyloid drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharti Koshti
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Indrashil University, Kadi, Mehsana, Gujarat 382740, India
| | - Vivekshinh Kshtriya
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Indrashil University, Kadi, Mehsana, Gujarat 382740, India
| | - Corinne Nardin
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Pau 64053, France
| | - Nidhi Gour
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Indrashil University, Kadi, Mehsana, Gujarat 382740, India
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382426, India
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23
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Huang Y, Chang Y, Liu L, Wang J. Nanomaterials for Modulating the Aggregation of β-Amyloid Peptides. Molecules 2021; 26:4301. [PMID: 34299575 PMCID: PMC8305396 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aberrant aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides in the brain has been recognized as the major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus, the inhibition and dissociation of Aβ aggregation are believed to be effective therapeutic strategiesforthe prevention and treatment of AD. When integrated with traditional agents and biomolecules, nanomaterials can overcome their intrinsic shortcomings and boost their efficiency via synergistic effects. This article provides an overview of recent efforts to utilize nanomaterials with superior properties to propose effective platforms for AD treatment. The underlying mechanismsthat are involved in modulating Aβ aggregation are discussed. The summary of nanomaterials-based modulation of Aβ aggregation may help researchers to understand the critical roles in therapeutic agents and provide new insight into the exploration of more promising anti-amyloid agents and tactics in AD theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaliang Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
- Henan Province of Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China;
| | - Yong Chang
- Henan Province of Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China;
| | - Lin Liu
- Henan Province of Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China;
| | - Jianxiu Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
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Windsor PK, Plassmeyer SP, Mattock DS, Bradfield JC, Choi EY, Miller BR, Han BH. Biflavonoid-Induced Disruption of Hydrogen Bonds Leads to Amyloid-β Disaggregation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062888. [PMID: 33809196 PMCID: PMC8001082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) fibrils in the brain is a key pathologic hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease. A class of polyphenolic biflavonoids is known to have anti-amyloidogenic effects by inhibiting aggregation of Aβ and promoting disaggregation of Aβ fibrils. In the present study, we further sought to investigate the structural basis of the Aβ disaggregating activity of biflavonoids and their interactions at the atomic level. A thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence assay revealed that amentoflavone-type biflavonoids promote disaggregation of Aβ fibrils with varying potency due to specific structural differences. The computational analysis herein provides the first atomistic details for the mechanism of Aβ disaggregation by biflavonoids. Molecular docking analysis showed that biflavonoids preferentially bind to the aromatic-rich, partially ordered N-termini of Aβ fibril via the π–π interactions. Moreover, docking scores correlate well with the ThT EC50 values. Molecular dynamic simulations revealed that biflavonoids decrease the content of β-sheet in Aβ fibril in a structure-dependent manner. Hydrogen bond analysis further supported that the substitution of hydroxyl groups capable of hydrogen bond formation at two positions on the biflavonoid scaffold leads to significantly disaggregation of Aβ fibrils. Taken together, our data indicate that biflavonoids promote disaggregation of Aβ fibrils due to their ability to disrupt the fibril structure, suggesting biflavonoids as a lead class of compounds to develop a therapeutic agent for Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter K. Windsor
- Department of Chemistry, Truman State University, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA; (P.K.W.); (S.P.P.); (D.S.M.); (J.C.B.)
| | - Stephen P. Plassmeyer
- Department of Chemistry, Truman State University, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA; (P.K.W.); (S.P.P.); (D.S.M.); (J.C.B.)
| | - Dominic S. Mattock
- Department of Chemistry, Truman State University, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA; (P.K.W.); (S.P.P.); (D.S.M.); (J.C.B.)
| | - Jonathan C. Bradfield
- Department of Chemistry, Truman State University, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA; (P.K.W.); (S.P.P.); (D.S.M.); (J.C.B.)
| | - Erika Y. Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, A.T. Still University, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA;
| | - Bill R. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Truman State University, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA; (P.K.W.); (S.P.P.); (D.S.M.); (J.C.B.)
- Correspondence: (B.R.M.III); (B.H.H.)
| | - Byung Hee Han
- Department of Pharmacology, A.T. Still University, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA;
- Correspondence: (B.R.M.III); (B.H.H.)
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25
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Gao W, Jin L, Liu C, Zhang N, Zhang R, Bednarikova Z, Gazova Z, Bhunia A, Siebert HC, Dong H. Inhibition behavior of Sennoside A and Sennoside C on amyloid fibrillation of human lysozyme and its possible mechanism. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 178:424-433. [PMID: 33662415 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid proteins were recognized as the crucial cause of many senile diseases. In this study, the inhibitory effects of Sennoside A (SA) and Sennoside C (SC) on amyloid fibrillation were evaluated by the combination of biophysical approaches and molecular docking tool using human lysozyme (HL) as amyloid-forming model. The results of thioflavin-T (ThT), 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) and congo red (CR) assays indicated that both SA and SC could inhibit the amyloid fibrillation of HL in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 value of SA and SC on HL fibrillation was 200.09 μM and 186.20 μM, respectively. These findings were further verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), which showed that the addition of SA or SC could sharply reduce the amyloid fibrillation of HL. Additionally, the interactions of HL with SA and SC were investigated by steady-state fluorescence spectra and molecular docking studies. The results suggested that both SA and SC could bind to the binding pocket of HL and form a stable complex mainly via hydrogen bonds, van-der-Waals forces and hydrophobic interactions. In conclusion, our experiments revealed that both SA and SC can significantly inhibit amyloid fibrillation of HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Li Jin
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Chunhong Liu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China.
| | - Ruiyan Zhang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China.
| | - Zuzana Bednarikova
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 04001 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Gazova
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 04001 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Anirban Bhunia
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VII (M), 700054 Kolkata, India
| | - Hans-Christian Siebert
- RI-B-NT Research Institute of Bioinformatics and Nanotechnology, Franziusallee 177, 24148 Kiel, Germany
| | - Huijun Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China.
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Thapa P, Upadhyay SP, Suo WZ, Singh V, Gurung P, Lee ES, Sharma R, Sharma M. Chalcone and its analogs: Therapeutic and diagnostic applications in Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Chem 2021; 108:104681. [PMID: 33571811 PMCID: PMC7928223 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chalcone [(E)-1,3-diphenyl-2-propene-1-one], a small molecule with α, β unsaturated carbonyl group is a precursor or component of many natural flavonoids and isoflavonoids. It is one of the privileged structures in medicinal chemistry. It possesses a wide range of biological activities encouraging many medicinal chemists to study this scaffold for its usefulness to oncology, infectious diseases, virology and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Small molecular size, convenient and cost-effective synthesis, and flexibility for modifications to modulate lipophilicity suitable for blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability make chalcones a preferred candidate for their therapeutic and diagnostic potential in AD. This review summarizes and highlights the importance of chalcone and its analogs as single target small therapeutic agents, multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) as well as molecular imaging agents for AD. The information summarized here will guide many medicinal chemist and researchers involved in drug discovery to consider chalcone as a potential scaffold for the development of anti-AD agents including theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Thapa
- Drug Discovery Program, Midwest Veterans' Biomedical Research Foundation, KCVA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA.
| | - Sunil P Upadhyay
- Drug Discovery Program, Midwest Veterans' Biomedical Research Foundation, KCVA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA
| | - William Z Suo
- Laboratory for Alzheimer's Disease & Aging Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA
| | - Vikas Singh
- Division of Neurology, KCVA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Prajwal Gurung
- Inflammation Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Eung Seok Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Ram Sharma
- Drug Discovery Program, Midwest Veterans' Biomedical Research Foundation, KCVA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA
| | - Mukut Sharma
- Drug Discovery Program, Midwest Veterans' Biomedical Research Foundation, KCVA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA
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27
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Zeng YQ, Gu JH, Chen L, Zhang TT, Zhou XF. Gastrodin as a multi-target protective compound reverses learning memory deficits and AD-like pathology in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Pluta R, Januszewski S, Czuczwar SJ. Myricetin as a Promising Molecule for the Treatment of Post-Ischemic Brain Neurodegeneration. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020342. [PMID: 33498897 PMCID: PMC7911478 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The available drug therapy for post-ischemic neurodegeneration of the brain is symptomatic. This review provides an evaluation of possible dietary therapy for post-ischemic neurodegeneration with myricetin. The purpose of this review was to provide a comprehensive overview of what scientists have done regarding the benefits of myricetin in post-ischemic neurodegeneration. The data in this article contribute to a better understanding of the potential benefits of myricetin in the treatment of post-ischemic brain neurodegeneration, and inform physicians, scientists and patients, as well as their caregivers, about treatment options. Due to the pleiotropic properties of myricetin, including anti-amyloid, anti-phosphorylation of tau protein, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and autophagous, as well as increasing acetylcholine, myricetin is a promising candidate for treatment after ischemia brain neurodegeneration with full-blown dementia. In this way, it may gain interest as a potential substance for the prophylaxis of the development of post-ischemic brain neurodegeneration. It is a safe substance, commercially available, inexpensive and registered as a pro-health product in the US and Europe. Taken together, the evidence available in the review on the therapeutic potential of myricetin provides helpful insight into the potential clinical utility of myricetin in treating neurodegenerative disorders with full-blown dementia. Therefore, myricetin may be a promising complementary agent in the future against the development of post-ischemic brain neurodegeneration. Indeed, there is a scientific rationale for the use of myricetin in the prevention and treatment of brain neurodegeneration caused by ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Pluta
- Laboratory of Ischemic and Neurodegenerative Brain Research, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-6086-540/6086-469
| | - Sławomir Januszewski
- Laboratory of Ischemic and Neurodegenerative Brain Research, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
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29
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Park S, Yi Y, Lim MH. Reactivity of Flavonoids Containing a Catechol or Pyrogallol Moiety with Metal‐Free and Metal‐Associated Amyloid‐β. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seongmin Park
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Yelim Yi
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
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30
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Lee D, Jo MG, Kim SY, Chung CG, Lee SB. Dietary Antioxidants and the Mitochondrial Quality Control: Their Potential Roles in Parkinson's Disease Treatment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111056. [PMID: 33126703 PMCID: PMC7692176 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in medicine and dietary standards over recent decades have remarkably increased human life expectancy. Unfortunately, the chance of developing age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), increases with increased life expectancy. High metabolic demands of neurons are met by mitochondria, damage of which is thought to contribute to the development of many NDDs including Parkinson’s disease (PD). Mitochondrial damage is closely associated with the abnormal production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are widely known to be toxic in various cellular environments, including NDD contexts. Thus, ways to prevent or slow mitochondrial dysfunction are needed for the treatment of these NDDs. In this review, we first detail how ROS are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and review the cellular mechanisms, such as the mitochondrial quality control (MQC) system, by which neurons defend against both abnormal production of ROS and the subsequent accumulation of damaged mitochondria. We next highlight previous studies that link mitochondrial dysfunction with PD and how dietary antioxidants might provide reinforcement of the MQC system. Finally, we discuss how aging plays a role in mitochondrial dysfunction and PD before considering how healthy aging through proper diet and exercise may be salutary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davin Lee
- Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea; (D.L.); (M.G.J.); (S.Y.K.)
- Protein Dynamics-Based Proteotoxicity Control Laboratory, Basic Research Lab, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Min Gu Jo
- Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea; (D.L.); (M.G.J.); (S.Y.K.)
- Protein Dynamics-Based Proteotoxicity Control Laboratory, Basic Research Lab, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Seung Yeon Kim
- Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea; (D.L.); (M.G.J.); (S.Y.K.)
- Protein Dynamics-Based Proteotoxicity Control Laboratory, Basic Research Lab, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Chang Geon Chung
- Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea; (D.L.); (M.G.J.); (S.Y.K.)
- Protein Dynamics-Based Proteotoxicity Control Laboratory, Basic Research Lab, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.G.C.); (S.B.L.)
| | - Sung Bae Lee
- Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea; (D.L.); (M.G.J.); (S.Y.K.)
- Protein Dynamics-Based Proteotoxicity Control Laboratory, Basic Research Lab, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
- Correspondence: (C.G.C.); (S.B.L.)
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Liu M, Guo H, Li Z, Zhang C, Zhang X, Cui Q, Tian J. Molecular Level Insight Into the Benefit of Myricetin and Dihydromyricetin Uptake in Patients With Alzheimer's Diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:601603. [PMID: 33192493 PMCID: PMC7645199 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.601603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a high incidence rate and complicated pathogenesis. Currently, all anti-AD drugs treat the symptoms of the disease, and with currently no cure for AD. Flavonoid containing natural products, Myricetin (MYR) and Dihydromyricetin (DMY), are abundant in fruits and vegetables, and have been approved as food supplements in some countries. Interestingly, MYR and DMY have been reported to have anti-AD effects. However, the underlying anti-AD mechanism of action of MYR and DMY is complex with many facets being identified. In this review, we explore the benefit of MYR and DMY in AD patients from a molecular level. Their mechanism of action are discussed from various aspects including amyloid β-protein (Aβ) imbalance, neuroinflammation, dyshomeostasis of metal ions, autophagy disorder, and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hong Guo
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongyuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chenghua Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingzhen Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
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32
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Lantz R, Busbee B, Wojcikiewicz EP, Du D. Flavonoids with Vicinal Hydroxyl Groups Inhibit Human Calcitonin Amyloid Formation. Chemistry 2020; 26:13063-13071. [PMID: 32458489 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human calcitonin (hCT) is a 32-residue peptide hormone that can aggregate into amyloid fibrils and cause cellular toxicity. In this study, we investigated the inhibition effects of a group of polyphenolic molecules on hCT amyloid formation. Our results suggest that the gallate moiety in epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a well-recognized amyloid inhibitor, is not critical for its inhibition function in the hCT amyloid formation. Our results demonstrate that flavonoid compounds, such as myricetin, quercetin, and baicalein, that contain vicinal hydroxyl groups on the phenyl ring effectively prevent hCT fibrillization. This structural feature may also be applied to non-flavonoid polyphenolic inhibitors. Moreover, our results indicate a plausible mechanistic role of these vicinal hydroxyl groups which might include the oxidation to form a quinone and the subsequent covalent linkage with amino acid residues such as lysine or histidine in hCT. This may further disrupt the crucial electrostatic and aromatic interactions involved in the process of hCT amyloid fibril formation. The inhibition activity of the polyphenolic compounds against hCT fibril formation may likely be attributed to a combination of factors such as covalent linkage formation, aromatic stacking, and hydrogen bonding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Lantz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Brian Busbee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Ewa P Wojcikiewicz
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Deguo Du
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
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33
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Modified magnetic core-shell mesoporous silica nano-formulations with encapsulated quercetin exhibit anti-amyloid and antioxidant activity. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 213:111271. [PMID: 33069945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Targeted tissue drug delivery is a challenge in contemporary nanotechnologically driven therapeutic approaches, with the interplay interactions between nanohost and encapsulated drug shaping the ultimate properties of transport, release and efficacy of the drug at its destination. Prompted by the need to pursue the synthesis of such hybrid systems, a family of modified magnetic core-shell mesoporous silica nano-formulations was synthesized with encapsulated quercetin, a natural flavonoid with proven bioactivity. The new nanocarriers were produced via the sol-gel process, using tetraethoxysilane as a precursor and bearing a magnetic core of surface-modified monodispersed magnetite colloidal superparamagnetic nanoparticles, subsequently surface-modified with polyethylene glycol 3000 (PEG3k). The arising nano-formulations were evaluated for their textural and structural properties, exhibiting enhanced solubility and stability in physiological media, as evidenced by the loading capacity, entrapment efficiency results and in vitro release studies of their load. Guided by the increased bioavailability of quercetin in its encapsulated form, further evaluation of the biological activity of the magnetic as well as non-magnetic core-shell nanoparticles, pertaining to their anti-amyloid and antioxidant potential, revealed interference with the aggregation of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) in Alzheimer's disease, reduction of Aβ cellular toxicity and minimization of Aβ-induced Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation. The data indicate that the biological properties of released quercetin are maintained in the presence of the host nanocarriers. Collectively, the findings suggest that the emerging hybrid nano-formulations can function as efficient nanocarriers of hydrophobic natural flavonoids in the development of multifunctional nanomaterials toward therapeutic applications.
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Romero-Márquez JM, Navarro-Hortal MD, Varela-López A, Osta S, Zabaleta ME, Rivas-García L, Orantes-Bermejo FJ, Fernández-Píñar CT, Quiles JL. Usefulness of beeswax recycling by-products in the treatment of β-amyloid toxicity in a C. elegans model of Alzheimer. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2020. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-200404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jose M. Romero-Márquez
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - M. Dolores Navarro-Hortal
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Alfonso Varela-López
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Safa Osta
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - María Eléxpuru Zabaleta
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Torrette di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Rivas-García
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - José L. Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., Armilla, Granada, Spain
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
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35
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Watanabe-Nakayama T, Sahoo BR, Ramamoorthy A, Ono K. High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy Reveals the Structural Dynamics of the Amyloid-β and Amylin Aggregation Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4287. [PMID: 32560229 PMCID: PMC7352471 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Individual Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients have been shown to have structurally distinct amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates, including fibrils, in their brain. These findings suggest the possibility of a relationship between AD progression and Aβ fibril structures. Thus, the characterization of the structural dynamics of Aβ could aid the development of novel therapeutic strategies and diagnosis. Protein structure and dynamics have typically been studied separately. Most of the commonly used biophysical approaches are limited in providing substantial details regarding the combination of both structure and dynamics. On the other hand, high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM), which simultaneously visualizes an individual protein structure and its dynamics in liquid in real time, can uniquely link the structure and the kinetic details, and it can also unveil novel insights. Although amyloidogenic proteins generate heterogeneously aggregated species, including transient unstable states during the aggregation process, HS-AFM elucidated the structural dynamics of individual aggregates in real time in liquid without purification and isolation. Here, we review and discuss the HS-AFM imaging of amyloid aggregation and strategies to optimize the experiments showing findings from Aβ and amylin, which is associated with type II diabetes, shares some common biological features with Aβ, and is reported to be involved in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bikash R. Sahoo
- Biophysics Program, Department of Chemistry, Macromolecular Science and Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA;
| | - Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy
- Biophysics and Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA;
| | - Kenjiro Ono
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Hatanodai, Shinagawa district, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan;
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36
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Kobayashi H, Murata M, Kawanishi S, Oikawa S. Polyphenols with Anti-Amyloid β Aggregation Show Potential Risk of Toxicity Via Pro-Oxidant Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3561. [PMID: 32443552 PMCID: PMC7279003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia among older people. Amyloid β (Aβ) aggregation has been the focus for a therapeutic target for the treatment of AD. Naturally occurring polyphenols have an inhibitory effect on Aβ aggregation and have attracted a lot of attention for the development of treatment strategies which could mitigate the symptoms of AD. However, considerable evidence has shown that the pro-oxidant mechanisms of polyphenols could have a deleterious effect. Our group has established an assay system to evaluate the pro-oxidant characteristics of chemical compounds, based on their reactivity with DNA. In this review, we have summarized the anti-Aβ aggregation and pro-oxidant properties of polyphenols. These findings could contribute to understanding the mechanism underlying the potential risk of polyphenols. We would like to emphasize the importance of assessing the pro-oxidant properties of polyphenols from a safety point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatasu Kobayashi
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; (H.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Mariko Murata
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; (H.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Shosuke Kawanishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie 513-8670, Japan;
| | - Shinji Oikawa
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; (H.K.); (M.M.)
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37
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Shin JH, Le NTK, Jang H, Lee T, Kang K. Supramolecular Regulation of Polydopamine Formation by Amyloid Fibers. Chemistry 2020; 26:5500-5507. [PMID: 32092201 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Polydopamine (PD) and melanin species are chemically complex systems, the formation and properties of which are incompletely understood. Inspired by the role of functional amyloids in melanin biosynthesis, this paper examines the influences of the supramolecular structure of amyloids on oxidative polymerization of dopamine. Kinetic analyses on the formation of PD species in the presence of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) fibers or soluble HEWL revealed that both forms gave rise to the total quantity of PD species, but the rate of their formation could be accelerated only by the amyloid form. PD species formed with HEWL fibers showed a morphology of bundled fibers, whereas those with soluble HEWL had a mesh-like structure. Amyloid fibers of recombinant Pmel17 had properties similar to those of HEWL fibers in modulating PD formation. The results presented here suggest how nature designs functionality with an amyloid structure and can help understand and engineer chemistries of other functional amyloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Shin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyoung-daero, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Nghia T K Le
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyoung-daero, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongje Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, 20 Gwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehoon Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyoung-daero, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungtae Kang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyoung-daero, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 17104, Republic of Korea
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38
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Bhatia NK, Modi P, Sharma S, Deep S. Quercetin and Baicalein Act as Potent Antiamyloidogenic and Fibril Destabilizing Agents for SOD1 Fibrils. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:1129-1138. [PMID: 32208672 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that has been associated with the deposition of aggregates of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1). Effective therapeutics against SOD1 fibrillation is still an area of active research. Herein, we demonstrate the potential of two naturally occurring flavonoids (quercetin and baicalein) to inhibit fibrillation of wild-type SOD1 with the aid of a series of biophysical techniques. Our seeding experiments reveal that both of these flavonoids significantly affect the fibril elongation. Interestingly, our ThT binding assay, TEM, and SDS-PAGE experiments suggest that these flavonoids also disintegrate the fibrils into shorter fragments but do not completely depolymerize them into monomers. Binding parameters obtained from the analysis of UV-vis spectra suggest that these flavonoids bind moderately to native SOD1 dimer and have different binding sites. Docking of these flavonoids with a non-native monomer, non-native trimer, and oligomer derived from the 11-residue segment of SOD1 indicates that both quercetin and baicalein can bind to these species and thus can arrest the elongation of fibrils by blocking the fibrillar core regions on the intermediate species formed during aggregation of SOD1. MTT assay data revealed that both the flavonoids reduced the cytotoxicity of SOD1 fibrils. Experimental data also show the antiamyloidogenic potential of both flavonoids against A4V SOD1 mutant fibrillation. Thus, our findings may provide a direction for designing effective therapeutic agents against ALS which can act as promising antiamyloidogenic and fibril destabilizing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi K. Bhatia
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Priya Modi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Shashank Deep
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
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Mahendra VP, Yogendra Prasad K, Ganesan P, Kumar R. Mechanism of rutin mediated inhibition of insulin amyloid formation and protection of Neuro-2a cells from fibril-induced apoptosis. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2811-2820. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05393-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Uddin MS, Kabir MT, Niaz K, Jeandet P, Clément C, Mathew B, Rauf A, Rengasamy KR, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Ashraf GM, Aleya L. Molecular Insight into the Therapeutic Promise of Flavonoids against Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061267. [PMID: 32168835 PMCID: PMC7143946 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the utmost chronic neurodegenerative disorders, which is characterized from a neuropathological point of view by the aggregates of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides that are deposited as senile plaques and tau proteins which form neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Even though advancement has been observed in order to understand AD pathogenesis, currently available therapeutic methods can only deliver modest symptomatic relief. Interestingly, naturally occurring dietary flavonoids have gained substantial attention due to their antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-amyloidogenic properties as alternative candidates for AD therapy. Experimental proof provides support to the idea that some flavonoids might protect AD by interfering with the production and aggregation of Aβ peptides and/or decreasing the aggregation of tau. Flavonoids have the ability to promote clearance of Aβ peptides and inhibit tau phosphorylation by the mTOR/autophagy signaling pathway. Moreover, due to their cholinesterase inhibitory potential, flavonoids can represent promising symptomatic anti-Alzheimer agents. Several processes have been suggested for the aptitude of flavonoids to slow down the advancement or to avert the onset of Alzheimer’s pathogenesis. To enhance cognitive performance and to prevent the onset and progress of AD, the interaction of flavonoids with various signaling pathways is proposed to exert their therapeutic potential. Therefore, this review elaborates on the probable therapeutic approaches of flavonoids aimed at averting or slowing the progression of the AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: or (M.S.U.); (P.J.); Tel.: +880-1710220110 (M.S.U.); +33-3-26913-341 (P.J.)
| | | | - Kamal Niaz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Bio-Sciences, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (CUVAS), Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Philippe Jeandet
- Research Unit, Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection, EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Faculty of Sciences, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, PO Box 1039, 51687 Reims CEDEX 2, France
- Correspondence: or (M.S.U.); (P.J.); Tel.: +880-1710220110 (M.S.U.); +33-3-26913-341 (P.J.)
| | - Christophe Clément
- Research Unit, Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection, EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Faculty of Sciences, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, PO Box 1039, 51687 Reims CEDEX 2, France
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad, Kerala 678557, India
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | | | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago 8330507, Chile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, F-25030 Besançon, France
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The Environment Is a Key Factor in Determining the Anti-Amyloid Efficacy of EGCG. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120855. [PMID: 31835741 PMCID: PMC6995563 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Millions of people around the world suffer from amyloid-related disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Despite significant and sustained efforts, there are still no disease-modifying drugs available for the majority of amyloid-related disorders, and the overall failure rate in clinical trials is very high, even for compounds that show promising anti-amyloid activity in vitro. In this study, we demonstrate that even small changes in the chemical environment can strongly modulate the inhibitory effects of anti-amyloid compounds. Using one of the best-established amyloid inhibitory compounds, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), as an example, and two amyloid-forming proteins, insulin and Parkinson's disease-related α -synuclein, we shed light on the previously unexplored sensitivity to solution conditions of the action of this compound on amyloid fibril formation. In the case of insulin, we show that the classification of EGCG as an amyloid inhibitor depends on the experimental conditions select, on the method used for the evaluation of the efficacy, and on whether or not EGCG is allowed to oxidise before the experiment. For α -synuclein, we show that a small change in pH value, from 7 to 6, transforms EGCG from an efficient inhibitor to completely ineffective, and we were able to explain this behaviour by the increased stability of EGCG against oxidation at pH 6.
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Katyal N, Deep S. A computational approach to get insights into multiple faces of additives in modulation of protein aggregation pathways. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:24269-24285. [PMID: 31670327 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03763b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An enormous population worldwide is presently confronted with debilitating neurodegenerative diseases. The etiology of the disease is connected to protein aggregation and the events involved therein. Thus, a complete understanding of an inhibitor at different stages in the process is imperative for the formulation of a drug molecule. This review presents a detailed summary of the current status of different cosolvents. It further develops how the complex aggregation pathway can be simplified into three steps common to all proteins and the way computer simulations can be exploited to gain insights into the ways by which known inhibitors can affect all these stages. Computation of theoretical parameters in this regard and their correlation with experimental techniques is accentuated. In addition to providing an outline of the scope of different additives, this review showcases the way by which the problem of analyzing an effect of an additive can be addressed effectively via MD simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Katyal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016, Delhi, India.
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Gaudreault R, Mousseau N. Mitigating Alzheimer’s Disease with Natural Polyphenols: A Review. Curr Alzheimer Res 2019; 16:529-543. [DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666190315093520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:According to Alzheimer’s Disease International (ADI), nearly 50 million people worldwide were living with dementia in 2017, and this number is expected to triple by 2050. Despite years of research in this field, the root cause and mechanisms responsible for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have not been fully elucidated yet. Moreover, promising preclinical results have repeatedly failed to translate into patient treatments. Until now, none of the molecules targeting AD has successfully passed the Phase III trial. Although natural molecules have been extensively studied, they normally require high concentrations to be effective; alternately, they are too large to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB).:In this review, we report AD treatment strategies, with a virtually exclusive focus on green chemistry (natural phenolic molecules). These include therapeutic strategies for decreasing amyloid-β (Aβ) production, preventing and/or altering Aβ aggregation, and reducing oligomers cytotoxicity such as curcumin, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), morin, resveratrol, tannic acid, and other natural green molecules. We also examine whether consideration should be given to potential candidates used outside of medicine and nutrition, through a discussion of two intermediate-sized green molecules, with very similar molecular structures and key properties, which exhibit potential in mitigating Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Gaudreault
- Department of Physics, Universit�© de Montr�©al, Case Postale 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montreal (QC), Canada
| | - Normand Mousseau
- Department of Physics, Universit�© de Montr�©al, Case Postale 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montreal (QC), Canada
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Ayaz M, Sadiq A, Junaid M, Ullah F, Ovais M, Ullah I, Ahmed J, Shahid M. Flavonoids as Prospective Neuroprotectants and Their Therapeutic Propensity in Aging Associated Neurological Disorders. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:155. [PMID: 31293414 PMCID: PMC6606780 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern research has revealed that dietary consumption of flavonoids and flavonoids-rich foods significantly improve cognitive capabilities, inhibit or delay the senescence process and related neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The flavonoids rich foods such as green tea, cocoa, blue berry and other foods improve the various states of cognitive dysfunction, AD and dementia-like pathological alterations in different animal models. The mechanisms of flavonoids have been shown to be mediated through the inhibition of cholinesterases including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), β-secretase (BACE1), free radicals and modulation of signaling pathways, that are implicated in cognitive and neuroprotective functions. Flavonoids interact with various signaling protein pathways like ERK and PI3-kinase/Akt and modulate their actions, thereby leading to beneficial neuroprotective effects. Moreover, they enhance vascular blood flow and instigate neurogenesis particularly in the hippocampus. Flavonoids also hamper the progression of pathological symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases by inhibiting neuronal apoptosis induced by neurotoxic substances including free radicals and β-amyloid proteins (Aβ). All these protective mechanisms contribute to the maintenance of number, quality of neurons and their synaptic connectivity in the brain. Thus flavonoids can thwart the progression of age-related disorders and can be a potential source for the design and development of new drugs effective in cognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ovais
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ikram Ullah
- Suliman Bin Abdullah Aba-Alkhail Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jawad Ahmed
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (IBMS), Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology (SUIT), Peshawar, Pakistan
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Es-haghi A, Ebrahim-Habibi A. Inhibition of amyloid fibrillation of apo-carbonic anhydrase by flavonoid compounds. J Biosci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-019-9866-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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46
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Wasai M, Nonaka H, Murata M, Kitamura R, Sato Y, Tachibana H. Long-term dietary supplementation with the green tea cultivar Sunrouge prevents age-related cognitive decline in the senescence-accelerated mouse Prone8. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2019; 83:339-347. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1530093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A majority of the potential health benefits of green tea, including the potential to prevent cognitive decline, have been attributed to epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). Sunrouge is a green tea cultivar that contains EGCG and several other bioactive components such as quercetin, myricetin, cyanidin and delphinidin. We compared the effects of Sunrouge and Yabukita, the most popular Japanese green tea cultivar, on cognitive function in the senescence-accelerated mouse Prone8. These mice were fed an experimental diet containing Sunrouge extract (SRE) or Yabukita extract (YBE). SRE feeding significantly prevented cognitive decline, whereas YBE feeding had little effect. Moreover, SRE feeding prevented elevation of the amyloid-β42 level while improving the gene expression of neprilysin and decreasing beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 in the brain. These preventive effects of SRE against cognitive decline were attributed to the characteristic composition of Sunrouge and strongly suggest that consumption of this cultivar could protect against age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Wasai
- Research Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Haruna Nonaka
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Motoki Murata
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryo Kitamura
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuka Sato
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Tachibana
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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The potential of natural product vs neurodegenerative disorders: In silico study of artoflavanocoumarin as BACE-1 inhibitor. Comput Biol Chem 2018; 77:307-317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Development and In Vitro Evaluation of Linear PEI-Shelled Heparin/Berberine Nanoparticles in Human Osteosarcoma U-2 OS Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123122. [PMID: 30487471 PMCID: PMC6320921 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Berberine (BBR), a natural isoquinoline alkaloid derived from Chinese herbs, exerts many biological effects, including antiviral, antimicrobial, antidiarrhea, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor effects. In this study, a novel berberine nanoparticle (NP) consisting of heparin (HP) and BBR with or without being shelled with linear polyethyleneimine (LPEI) was developed to enhance its antitumor activity on osteosarcoma U-2 OS cells. With varying ratios of HP to BBR, HP/BBR NPs had a size ranging from 218.4 ± 3.9 to 282.0 ± 5.1 nm and zeta potential from -35.7 ± 0.4 to -51.9 ± 1.8 mV. After shelling with LPEI, the resultant NPs (HP/BBR/LPEI) possessed a size ranging from 226.3 ± 3.0 to 405.7 ± 85.2 nm and zeta potential from -46.5 ± 0.3 to -35.6 ± 0.5 mV; the encapsulation rate of BBR was close to 80%. The release profiles of both NPs were revealed to be slower than that of BBR solution. Results also showed that BBR and its two derived NPs reduced the viability of U-2 OS cells, and BBR NPs increased the cellular uptake of BBR. Cells were arrested at the G₁ phase when treated individually with BBR and the two NPs (HP/BBR and HP/BBR/LPEI) and DNA condensation was induced. In addition, BBR and BBR NPs reduced the expression of mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) but increased that of p53, and BBR NPs enhanced apoptotic effects. In short, heparin-based nanoparticles could be potential carriers for osteosarcoma treatment.
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Savelieff MG, Nam G, Kang J, Lee HJ, Lee M, Lim MH. Development of Multifunctional Molecules as Potential Therapeutic Candidates for Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in the Last Decade. Chem Rev 2018; 119:1221-1322. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masha G. Savelieff
- SciGency Science Communications, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104, United States
| | - Geewoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhye Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuck Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Misun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Kolaj I, Imindu Liyanage S, Weaver DF. Phenylpropanoids and Alzheimer's disease: A potential therapeutic platform. Neurochem Int 2018; 120:99-111. [PMID: 30098379 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by progressive dementia, neuroinflammation and the accumulation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and extracellular plaques. The etiology of AD is unclear, but is generally attributed to four leading hypotheses: (i) abnormal folding and aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ)/tau proteins (ii) activation of the innate immune system, (iii) mitochondrial dysfunction, and (iv) oxidative stress. To date, therapeutic strategies have largely focused on Aβ-centric targets; however, the repeated failure of clinical trials and the continued lack of a disease-modifying therapy demand novel, multifaceted approaches. Natural products are common molecular platforms in drug development; in AD, compounds from the plant phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway have yielded promising associations. Herein, we review developments in the pathogenesis of AD and the metabolism of phenylpropanoids in plants. We further discuss the role of these metabolites as relevant to the four leading mechanisms of AD pathogenesis, and observe multiple protective effects among phenylpropanoids against AD onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igri Kolaj
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Krembil Discovery Tower, 60 Leonard Avenue, 4KD-473, Toronto, ON, M5T 0S8, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St.George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - S Imindu Liyanage
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Krembil Discovery Tower, 60 Leonard Avenue, 4KD-473, Toronto, ON, M5T 0S8, Canada.
| | - Donald F Weaver
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Krembil Discovery Tower, 60 Leonard Avenue, 4KD-473, Toronto, ON, M5T 0S8, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St.George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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