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Ieda N, Takakura H, Maeta H, Ohira T, Tsuchiya K, Nakajima K, Ogawa M. Investigation of the substituent effect of indocyanine green derivatives for lymph imaging. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 110:117824. [PMID: 38981218 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescence lymph imaging with indocyanine green (ICG) is widely utilized as diagnostic tool for lymphatic diseases. While this technique offers numerous advantages, the kinetics of ICG at the injection site can pose challenges for a detailed diagnosis. In this study, we synthesized various ICG derivatives possessing cationic, anionic, or uncharged substituents and examined their photochemical properties, binding affinity to human serum albumin, as well as their correlation to pharmacokinetics in mice. The introduction of different substituents not only affected certain physiochemical properties, but also impacted the pharmacokinetics within the lymph nodes. Immunofluorescence imaging suggested that the extent of uptake of the ICG derivatives by phagocytic cells may affect the retention of the contrast ratios in the lymph nodes. These findings can provide new insights in the pharmacokinetics in lymphatic tissues, which could be useful for the development of novel fluorescent agents for lymph imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Ieda
- Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Molecular Imaging, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Hideo Takakura
- Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Molecular Imaging, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Maeta
- Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Molecular Imaging, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ohira
- Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Molecular Imaging, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Koki Tsuchiya
- Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Molecular Imaging, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan; WPI-ICReDD, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Kohei Nakajima
- Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Molecular Imaging, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Mikako Ogawa
- Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Molecular Imaging, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan; WPI-ICReDD, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan.
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2
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Gamage RS, Smith BD. Fluorescence Imaging Using Deep-Red Indocyanine Blue, a Complementary Partner for Near-Infrared Indocyanine Green. CHEMICAL & BIOMEDICAL IMAGING 2024; 2:384-397. [PMID: 38817322 PMCID: PMC11134606 DOI: 10.1021/cbmi.4c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Indocyanine Blue (ICB) is the deep-red pentamethine analogue of the widely used clinical near-infrared heptamethine cyanine dye Indocyanine Green (ICG). The two fluorophores have the same number of functional groups and molecular charge and vary only by a single vinylene unit in the polymethine chain, which produces a predictable difference in spectral and physicochemical properties. We find that the two dyes can be employed as a complementary pair in diverse types of fundamental and applied fluorescence imaging experiments. A fundamental fluorescence spectroscopy study used ICB and ICG to test a recently proposed Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) mechanism for enhanced fluorescence brightness in heavy water (D2O). The results support two important corollaries of the proposal: (a) the strategy of using heavy water to increase the brightness of fluorescent dyes for microscopy or imaging is most effective when the dye emission band is above 650 nm, and (b) the magnitude of the heavy water florescence enhancement effect for near-infrared ICG is substantially diminished when the ICG surface is dehydrated due to binding by albumin protein. Two applied fluorescence imaging studies demonstrated how deep-red ICB can be combined with a near-infrared fluorophore for paired agent imaging in the same living subject. One study used dual-channel mouse imaging to visualize increased blood flow in a model of inflamed tissue, and a second mouse tumor imaging study simultaneously visualized the vasculature and cancerous tissue in separate fluorescence channels. The results suggest that ICB and ICG can be incorporated within multicolor fluorescence imaging methods for perfusion imaging and hemodynamic characterization of a wide range of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rananjaya S Gamage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Bradley D Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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3
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Verhoeven M, Handula M, van den Brink L, de Ridder CMA, Stuurman DC, Seimbille Y, Dalm SU. Pre- and Intraoperative Visualization of GRPR-Expressing Solid Tumors: Preclinical Profiling of Novel Dual-Modality Probes for Nuclear and Fluorescence Imaging. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072161. [PMID: 37046825 PMCID: PMC10093582 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Image-guided surgery using a gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR)-targeting dual-modality probe could improve the accuracy of the resection of various solid tumors. The aim of this study was to further characterize our four previously developed GRPR-targeting dual-modality probes that vary in linker structures and were labeled with indium-111 and sulfo-cyanine 5. Cell uptake studies with GRPR-positive PC-3 cells and GRPR-negative NCI-H69 cells confirmed receptor specificity. Imaging and biodistribution studies at 4 and 24 h with 20 MBq/1 nmol [111In]In-12-15 were performed in nude mice bearing a PC-3 and NCI-H69 xenograft, and showed that the probe with only a pADA linker in the backbone had the highest tumor-to-organ ratios (T/O) at 24 h after injection (T/O > 5 for, e.g., prostate, muscle and blood). For this probe, a dose optimization study with three doses (0.75, 1.25 and 1.75 nmol; 20 MBq) revealed that the maximum image contrast was achieved with the lowest dose. Subsequently, the probe was successfully used for tumor excision in a simulated image-guided surgery setting. Moreover, it demonstrated binding to tissue sections of human prostate, breast and gastro-intestinal stromal tumors. In summary, our findings demonstrate that the developed dual-modality probe has the potential to aid in the complete surgical removal of GRPR-positive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein Verhoeven
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maryana Handula
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lilian van den Brink
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Corrina M. A. de Ridder
- Department of Experimental Urology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Debra C. Stuurman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yann Seimbille
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Simone U. Dalm
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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4
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Muhammad Usama S, Gao Z, Arancillo M, Burgess K. Cytotoxicities of Tumor-Seeking Dyes: Impact on Future Clinical Trials. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202200561. [PMID: 36630600 PMCID: PMC10010615 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Heptamethine (Cy7) dyes with meso-Cl substituents injected intravenously (iv) into mice accumulate in tumors and persist there over several days. We believe this occurs via meso-Cl displacement by the only free cysteine residues of albumin; therefore, conjugating tumor-seeking dyes with fragments can increase selective therapeutic delivery to tumors and drug residence. This strategy has elevated significance recently because the first tumor-seeking dye-drug conjugate has moved into clinical trials. Options for further clinical research include modifying the dye, and use of preformed albumin adducts instead of dyes alone. Herein we show correlations of cytotoxicities, lipophilicities, organelle localization, apoptosis, cell-cycle arrest, wound healing/migration assays, and reactivities/affinities with human serum albumin are difficult to observe. However, our studies arrived at an important conclusion: preformed dye-drug-HSA adducts are less cytotoxic, and therefore preferable for subsequent clinical work, relative to direct injection of meso-Cl-containing forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Muhammad Usama
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842, USA
| | - Zhe Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842, USA
| | - Maritess Arancillo
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842, USA
| | - Kevin Burgess
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, Box 30012, College Station, TX 77842, USA
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Imaging of Indocyanine Green-Human Serum Albumin (ICG-HSA) Complex in Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC)-Expressing Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010850. [PMID: 36614294 PMCID: PMC9821702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common and fatal primary glioma and has a severe prognosis. It is a challenge for neurosurgeons to remove brain tumor tissues completely by resection. Meanwhile, fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) is a technique used in glioma surgery to enhance the visualization of tumor edges to clarify the extent of tumor resection. Indocyanine green (ICG) is the only FDA-approved NIR fluorescent agent. It non-covalently binds to human serum albumin (HSA). Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is an extracellular glycoprotein expressed in gliomas and binds to albumin, suggesting that it plays an important role in tumor uptake of the ICG-HSA complex. Here we demonstrate the binding properties of HSA or SPARC to ICG using surface plasmon resonance and saturation binding assay. According to in vitro and in vivo studies, the results showed that the uptake of ICG-HSA complex was higher in SPARC-expressing glioblastoma cell line and tumor region compared with the uptake of free ICG. Here, we visualized the SPARC-dependent uptake of ICG and ICG-HSA complex in U87MG. Our results demonstrated that the ICG-HSA complex is likely to be used as an efficient imaging agent targeting SPARC-expressing tumors, especially glioblastoma.
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Berehova N, Buckle T, van Meerbeek MP, Bunschoten A, Velders AH, van Leeuwen FWB. Nerve Targeting via Myelin Protein Zero and the Impact of Dimerization on Binding Affinity. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27249015. [PMID: 36558148 PMCID: PMC9786614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27249015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgically induced nerve damage is a common but debilitating side effect. By developing tracers that specifically target the most abundant protein in peripheral myelin, namely myelin protein zero (P0), we intend to support fluorescence-guided nerve-sparing surgery. To that end, we aimed to develop a dimeric tracer that shows a superior affinity for P0. METHODS Following truncation of homotypic P0 protein-based peptide sequences and fluorescence labeling, the lead compound Cy5-P0101-125 was selected. Using a bifunctional fluorescent dye, the dimeric Cy5-(P0101-125)2 was created. Assessment of the performance of the mono- and bi-labeled compounds was based on (photo)physical evaluation. This was followed by in vitro assessment in P0 expressing Schwannoma cell cultures by means of fluorescence confocal imaging (specificity, location of binding) and flow cytometry (binding affinity; KD). RESULTS Dimerization resulted in a 1.5-fold increase in affinity compared to the mono-labeled counterpart (70.3 +/- 10.0 nM vs. 104.9 +/- 16.7 nM; p = 0.003) which resulted in a 4-fold increase in staining efficiency in P0 expressing Schwannoma cells. Presence of two targeting vectors also improves a pharmacokinetics of labeled compounds by lowering serum binding and optical stability by preventing dye stacking. CONCLUSIONS Dimerization of the nerve-targeting peptide P0101-125 proves a valid strategy to improve P0 targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Berehova
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa Buckle
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten P. van Meerbeek
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anton Bunschoten
- Laboratory of BioNanoTechnology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Aldrik H. Velders
- Laboratory of BioNanoTechnology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fijs W. B. van Leeuwen
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of BioNanoTechnology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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Gamage RS, Smith BD. Spontaneous Transfer of Indocyanine Green from Liposomes to Albumin Is Inhibited by the Antioxidant α-Tocopherol. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:11950-11961. [PMID: 36126324 PMCID: PMC9897306 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Indocyanine Green (ICG) is a clinically approved organic dye with near-infrared absorption and fluorescence. Over the years, many efforts to improve the photophysical and pharmacokinetic properties of ICG have investigated numerous nanoparticle formulations, especially liposomes with membrane-embedded ICG. A series of systematic absorption and fluorescence experiments, including FRET experiments using ICG as a fluorescence energy acceptor, found that ICG transfers spontaneously from liposomes to albumin protein residing in the external solution with a half-life of ∼10 min at 37 °C. Moreover, transfer of ICG from liposome membranes to external albumin reduces light-activated leakage from thermosensitive liposomes with membrane-embedded ICG. A survey of lipophilic liposome additives discovered that the presence of clinically approved antioxidant, α-tocopherol, greatly increases ICG retention in the liposomes (presumably by forming favorable aromatic stacking interactions), inhibits ICG photobleaching and prevents albumin-induced reduction of light-triggered liposome leakage. This new insight will help researchers with the specific task of optimizing ICG-containing liposomes for fluorescence imaging or phototherapeutics. More broadly, the results suggest a broader design concept concerning light triggered liposome leakage, that is, proximity of the light absorbing dye to the bilayer membrane is a critical design feature that impacts the extent of liposome leakage.
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Li DH, Gamage RS, Smith BD. Sterically Shielded Hydrophilic Analogs of Indocyanine Green. J Org Chem 2022; 87:11593-11601. [PMID: 35950971 PMCID: PMC9894567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A modular synthetic process enables two or four shielding arms to be appended strategically over the fluorochromes of near-infrared cyanine heptamethine dyes to create hydrophilic analogs of clinically approved indocyanine green. A key synthetic step is the facile substitution of a heptamethine 4'-Cl atom by a phenol bearing two triethylene glycol chains. The lead compound is a heptamethine dye with four shielding arms, and a series of comparative spectroscopy studies showed that the shielding arms (a) increased dye photostability and chemical stability and (b) inhibited dye self-aggregation and association with albumin protein. In mice, the dye cleared from the blood primarily through the renal pathway rather than the biliary pathway for ICG. This change in biodistribution reflects the much smaller hydrodynamic diameter of the shielded hydrophilic ICG analog compared to the 67 kDa size of the ICG/albumin complex. An attractive feature of versatile synthetic chemistry is the capability to systematically alter the dye's hydrodynamic diameter. The sterically shielded hydrophilic ICG dye platform is well-suited for immediate incorporation into dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) spectroscopy or imaging protocols using the same cameras and detectors that have been optimized for ICG.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bradley D. Smith
- Corresponding Author Bradley D. Smith - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA;
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9
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Morsby JJ, Atkinson KM, Shradha Reddy Kommidi S, Freel T, Janeková H, Štacko P, Smith BD. Structure-Activity Studies of Nitroreductase-Responsive Near-Infrared Heptamethine Cyanine Fluorescent Probes. European J Org Chem 2022; 2022:e202200270. [PMID: 38322783 PMCID: PMC10846533 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Two new classes of near-infrared molecular probes were prepared and shown to exhibit "turn on" fluorescence when cleaved by the nitroreductase enzyme, a well-known biomarker of cell hypoxia. The fluorescent probes are heptamethine cyanine dyes with a central 4'-carboxylic ester group on the heptamethine chain that is converted by a self-immolative fragmentation mechanism to a 4'-caboxylate group that greatly enhances the fluorescence brightness. Each compound was prepared by ring opening of a Zincke salt. The chemical structures have either terminal benzoindolinenes or propargyloxy auxochromes, which provide favorable red-shifted absorption/emission wavelengths and a hyperchromic effect that enhances the photon output when excited by 808 nm light. A fluorescent probe with terminal propargyloxy-indolenines exhibited less self-aggregation and was rapidly activated by nitroreductase with large "turn on" fluorescence; thus, it is the preferred choice for translation towards in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janeala J. Morsby
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Kirk M. Atkinson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Sai Shradha Reddy Kommidi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Tristan Freel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Hana Janeková
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurestrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Štacko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurestrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bradley D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
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Hu H, Quintana J, Weissleder R, Parangi S, Miller M. Deciphering albumin-directed drug delivery by imaging. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 185:114237. [PMID: 35364124 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein, exhibits extended circulating half-life, and its properties have long been exploited for diagnostics and therapies. Many drugs intrinsically bind albumin or have been designed to do so, yet questions remain about true rate limiting factors that govern albumin-based transport and their pharmacological impacts, particularly in advanced solid cancers. Imaging techniques have been central to quantifying - at a molecular and single-cell level - the impact of mechanisms such as phagocytic immune cell signaling, FcRn-mediated recycling, oncogene-driven macropinocytosis, and albumin-drug interactions on spatial albumin deposition and related pharmacology. Macroscopic imaging of albumin-binding probes quantifies vessel structure, permeability, and supports efficiently targeted molecular imaging. Albumin-based imaging in patients and animal disease models thus offers a strategy to understand mechanisms, guide drug development and personalize treatments.
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Michie MS, Xu B, Sudlow G, Springer LE, Pham CT, Achilefu S. Side-chain modification of collagen-targeting peptide prevents dye aggregation for improved molecular imaging of arthritic joints. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022; 424:113624. [PMID: 36406204 PMCID: PMC9673490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) dye-peptide conjugates are widely used for tissue-targeted molecular fluorescence imaging of pathophysiologic conditions. However, the significant contribution of both dye and peptide to the net mass of these bioconjugates implies that small changes in either component could alter their photophysical and biological properties. Here, we synthesized and conjugated a type I collagen targeted peptide, RRANAALKAGELYKCILY, to either a hydrophobic (LS1000) or hydrophilic (LS1006) NIR fluorescent dye. Spectroscopic analysis revealed rapid self-assembly of both LS1000 and LS1006 in aqueous media to form stable dimeric/H aggregates, regardless of the free dye's solubility in water. We discovered that replacing the cysteine residue in LS1000 and LS1006 with acetamidomethyl cysteine to afford LS1001 and LS1107, respectively, disrupted the peptide's self-assembly and activated the previously quenched dye's fluorescence in aqueous conditions. These results highlight the dominant role of the octadecapeptide, but not the dye molecules, in controlling the photophysical properties of these conjugates by likely sequestering or extruding the hydrophobic or hydrophilic dyes, respectively. Application of the compounds for imaging collagen-rich tissue in an animal model of inflammatory arthritis showed enhanced uptake of all four conjugates, which retained high collagen-binding affinity, in inflamed joints. Moreover, LS1001 and LS1107 improved the arthritic joint-to-background contrast, suggesting that reduced aggregation enhanced the clearance of these compounds from non-target tissues. Our results highlight a peptide-driven strategy to alter the aggregation states of molecular probes in aqueous solutions, irrespective of the water-solubilizing properties of the dye molecules. The interplay between the monomeric and aggregated forms of the conjugates using simple thiol-modifiers lends the peptide-driven approach to diverse applications, including the effective imaging of inflammatory arthritis joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan S. Michie
- Optical Radiology Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Baogang Xu
- Optical Radiology Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Gail Sudlow
- Optical Radiology Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Luke E. Springer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Christine T.N. Pham
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Optical Radiology Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
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13
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Heshmati Aghda N, Torres Hurtado S, Abdulsahib SM, Lara EJ, Tunnell JW, Betancourt T. Dual Photothermal/Chemotherapy of Melanoma Cells with Albumin Nanoparticles Carrying Indocyanine Green and Doxorubicin Leads to Immunogenic Cell Death. Macromol Biosci 2021; 22:e2100353. [PMID: 34762334 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent focus on cancer immunotherapies has led to significant interest in the development of therapeutic strategies that can lead to immunogenic cell death (ICD), which can cause activation of an immune response against tumor cells and improve immunotherapy outcomes by enhancing the immunogenicity of the tumor microenvironment. In this work, a nanomedicine-mediated combination therapy is used to deliver the ICD inducers doxorubicin (Dox), a chemotherapeutic agent, and indocyanine green (ICG), a photothermal agent. These agents are loaded into nanoparticles (NPs) of bovine serum albumin (BSA) that are prepared through a desolvation process. The formulation of BSA NPs is optimized to achieve NPs of 102.6 nm in size and loadings of 8.55 % and 5.69 % (w/w) for ICG and Dox, respectively. The controlled release of these agents from the BSA NPs is confirmed. Upon laser irradiation for 2.5 min, NPs at a dose of 62.5 μg mL-1 are able to increase the temperature of the cells by 7 °C and thereby inhibit the growth of B16F10 melanoma cells in vitro. Surface presentation of heat shock proteins and calreticulin from the cells after treatment confirmed the ability of the Dox/ICG loaded BSA NPs to induce ICD in the melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Heshmati Aghda
- Materials Science, Engineering and Commercialization Program, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Susana Torres Hurtado
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton Street, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Shahad M Abdulsahib
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Emilio J Lara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - James W Tunnell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton Street, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Tania Betancourt
- Materials Science, Engineering and Commercialization Program, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
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14
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Gamage R, Li DH, Schreiber CL, Smith BD. Comparison of cRGDfK Peptide Probes with Appended Shielded Heptamethine Cyanine Dye ( s775z) for Near Infrared Fluorescence Imaging of Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:30130-30139. [PMID: 34778684 PMCID: PMC8582267 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Previous work has shown that the sterically shielded near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent heptamethine cyanine dye, s775z, with a reactive carboxyl group produces fluorescent bioconjugates with an unsurpassed combination of high photostability and fluorescence brightness. This present contribution reports two new reactive homologues of s775z with either a maleimide group for reaction with a thiol or a strained alkyne group for reaction with an azide. Three cancer-targeting NIR fluorescent probes were synthesized, each with an appended cRGDfK peptide to provide selective affinity for integrin receptors that are overexpressed on the surface of many cancer cells including the A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells used in this study. A set of cancer cell microscopy and mouse tumor imaging experiments showed that all three probes were very effective at targeting cancer cells and tumors; however, the change in the linker structure produced a statistically significant difference in some aspects of the mouse biodistribution. The mouse studies included a mock surgical procedure that excised the subcutaneous tumors. A paired-agent fluorescence imaging experiment co-injected a binary mixture of targeted probe with 850 nm emission, an untargeted probe with 710 nm emission and determined the targeted probe's binding potential in the tumor tissue. A comparison of pixelated maps of binding potential for each excised tumor indicated a tumor-to-tumor variation of integrin expression levels, and a heterogeneous spatial distribution of integrin receptors within each tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rananjaya
S. Gamage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, United States
| | - Dong-Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, United States
| | - Cynthia L. Schreiber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, United States
| | - Bradley D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, United States
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15
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Okubo K, Umezawa M, Soga K. Near Infrared Fluorescent Nanostructure Design for Organic/Inorganic Hybrid System. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1583. [PMID: 34829811 PMCID: PMC8615714 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Near infrared (NIR) light offers high transparency in biological tissue. Recent advances in NIR fluorophores including organic dyes and lanthanide-doped inorganic nanoparticles have realized the effective use of the NIR optical window for in vivo bioimaging and photodynamic therapy. The narrow energy level intervals used for electronic transition that involves NIR light, however, give rise to a need for guidelines for reducing heat emission in luminescence systems, especially in the development of organic/inorganic hybrid structures. This review presents an approach for employing the polarity and vibrational energy of ions and molecules that surround the luminescence centers for the development of such hybrid nanostructures. Multiphonon relaxation theory, formulated for dealing with heat release in ionic solids, is applied to describe the vibrational energy in organic or molecular systems, referred to as phonon in this review, and we conclude that surrounding the luminescence centers either with ions with low vibrational energy or molecules with small chemical polarity is the key to bright luminescence. NIR photoexcited phosphors and nanostructures in organic/inorganic mixed systems, designed based on the guidelines, for photodynamic therapy are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Okubo
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan; (M.U.); (K.S.)
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16
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Li D, Smith BD. Deuterated Indocyanine Green (ICG) with Extended Aqueous Storage Shelf-Life: Chemical and Clinical Implications. Chemistry 2021; 27:14535-14542. [PMID: 34403531 PMCID: PMC8530945 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Indocyanine Green (ICG) is a clinically approved near-infrared fluorescent dye that is used extensively for various imaging and diagnostic procedures. One drawback with ICG is its instability in water, which means that reconstituted clinical doses have to be used very shortly after preparation. Two deuterated versions of ICG were prepared with deuterium atoms on the heptamethine chain, and the spectral, physiochemical, and photostability properties were quantified. A notable mechanistic finding is that self-aggregation of ICG in water strongly favors dye degradation by a photochemical oxidative dimerization reaction that gives a nonfluorescent product. Storage stability studies showed that replacement of C-H with C-D decreased the dimerization rate constant by a factor of 3.1, and it is likely that many medical and preclinical procedures will benefit from the longer shelf-lives of these two deuterated ICG dyes. The discovery that ICG self-aggregation promotes photoinduced electron transfer can be exploited as a new paradigm for next-generation photodynamic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong‐Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryUniversity of Notre Dame251 Nieuwland Science HallNotre DameIN, 46545USA
| | - Bradley D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryUniversity of Notre Dame251 Nieuwland Science HallNotre DameIN, 46545USA
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17
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Simpson JD, Monteiro PF, Ediriweera GR, Prior AR, Sonderegger SE, Bell CA, Fletcher NL, Alexander C, Thurecht KJ. Fluorophore Selection and Incorporation Contribute to Permeation and Distribution Behaviors of Hyperbranched Polymers in Multi-Cellular Tumor Spheroids and Xenograft Tumor Models. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2675-2685. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. Simpson
- Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI), ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology (CBNS), ARC Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology (CIBIT), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Patrícia F. Monteiro
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Gayathri R. Ediriweera
- Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI), ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology (CBNS), ARC Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology (CIBIT), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Amber R. Prior
- Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI), ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology (CBNS), ARC Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology (CIBIT), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Stefan E. Sonderegger
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Craig A. Bell
- Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI), ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology (CBNS), ARC Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology (CIBIT), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas L. Fletcher
- Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI), ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology (CBNS), ARC Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology (CIBIT), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Cameron Alexander
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Kristofer J. Thurecht
- Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI), ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology (CBNS), ARC Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology (CIBIT), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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18
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Štacková L, Muchová E, Russo M, Slavíček P, Štacko P, Klán P. Deciphering the Structure–Property Relations in Substituted Heptamethine Cyanines. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9776-9790. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Štacková
- Department of Chemistry and RECETOX, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Muchová
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Marina Russo
- Department of Chemistry and RECETOX, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Štacko
- Department of Chemistry and RECETOX, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Klán
- Department of Chemistry and RECETOX, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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19
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Li DH, Schreiber CL, Smith BD. Sterically Shielded Heptamethine Cyanine Dyes for Bioconjugation and High Performance Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12154-12161. [PMID: 32324959 PMCID: PMC7473488 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The near-infrared window of fluorescent heptamethine cyanine dyes greatly facilitates biological imaging because there is deep penetration of the light and negligible background fluorescence. However, dye instability, aggregation, and poor pharmacokinetics are current drawbacks that limit performance and the scope of possible applications. All these limitations are simultaneously overcome with a new molecular design strategy that produces a charge balanced and sterically shielded fluorochrome. The key design feature is a meso-aryl group that simultaneously projects two shielding arms directly over each face of a linear heptamethine polyene. Cell and mouse imaging experiments compared a shielded heptamethine cyanine dye (and several peptide and antibody bioconjugates) to benchmark heptamethine dyes and found that the shielded systems possess an unsurpassed combination of photophysical, physiochemical, and biodistribution properties that greatly enhance bioimaging performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Cynthia L. Schreiber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Bradley D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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20
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Li D, Schreiber CL, Smith BD. Sterically Shielded Heptamethine Cyanine Dyes for Bioconjugation and High Performance Near‐Infrared Fluorescence Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong‐Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 251 Nieuwland Science Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Cynthia L. Schreiber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 251 Nieuwland Science Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Bradley D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 251 Nieuwland Science Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
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21
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Xing P, Niu Y, Mu R, Wang Z, Xie D, Li H, Dong L, Wang C. A pocket-escaping design to prevent the common interference with near-infrared fluorescent probes in vivo. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1573. [PMID: 32218438 PMCID: PMC7099068 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15323-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes are among the most attractive chemical tools for biomedical imaging. However, their in vivo applications are hindered by albumin binding, generating unspecific fluorescence that masks the specific signal from the analyte. Here, combining experimental and docking methods, we elucidate that the reason for this problem is an acceptor (A) group-mediated capture of the dyes into hydrophobic pockets of albumin. This pocket-capturing phenomenon commonly applies to dyes designed under the twisted intramolecular charge-transfer (TICT) principle and, therefore, represents a generic but previously unidentified backdoor problem. Accordingly, we create a new A group that avoids being trapped into the albumin pockets (pocket-escaping) and thereby construct a NIR probe, BNLBN, which effectively prevents this backdoor problem with increased imaging accuracy for liver fibrosis in vivo. Overall, our study explains and overcomes a fundamental problem for the in vivo application of a broad class of bioimaging tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panfei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Yiming Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Ruoyu Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Daping Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China
| | - Huanling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China.
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22
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Shen D, Xu B, Liang K, Tang R, Sudlow GP, Egbulefu C, Guo K, Som A, Gilson R, Maji D, Mondal S, Habimana-Griffin L, Akers WJ, Li S, Liu Y, Bloch S, Kurkure S, Nussinov Z, Seidel A, Tsen SWD, Achilefu S. Selective imaging of solid tumours via the calcium-dependent high-affinity binding of a cyclic octapeptide to phosphorylated Annexin A2. Nat Biomed Eng 2020; 4:298-313. [PMID: 32165732 PMCID: PMC7135742 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-020-0528-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The heterogeneity and continuous genetic adaptation of tumours complicate their detection and treatment via the targeting of genetic mutations. However, hallmarks of cancer such as aberrant protein phosphorylation and calcium-mediated cell signalling provide broadly conserved molecular targets. Here, we show that, for a range of solid tumours, a cyclic octapeptide labelled with a near-infrared dye selectively binds to phosphorylated Annexin A2 (pANXA2), with high affinity at high levels of calcium. Because of cancer-cell-induced pANXA2 expression in tumour-associated stromal cells, the octapeptide preferentially binds to the invasive edges of tumours, and then traffics within macrophages to the tumour’s necrotic core. As proof-of-concept applications, we used the octapeptide to detect tumour xenografts and metastatic lesions, and to perform fluorescence-guided surgical tumour resection, in mice. Our findings suggest that high levels of pANXA2 in association with elevated calcium are present in the microenvironment of most solid cancers. The octapeptide might be broadly useful for selective tumour imaging and for delivering drugs to the edges and to the core of solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duanwen Shen
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Baogang Xu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kexian Liang
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gail P Sudlow
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Kevin Guo
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Avik Som
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rebecca Gilson
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dolonchampa Maji
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Suman Mondal
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - LeMoyne Habimana-Griffin
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Walter J Akers
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shunqiang Li
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sharon Bloch
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sid Kurkure
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zohar Nussinov
- Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alexander Seidel
- Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shaw-Wei D Tsen
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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23
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Qi B, Crawford AJ, Wojtynek NE, Talmon GA, Hollingsworth MA, Ly QP, Mohs AM. Tuned near infrared fluorescent hyaluronic acid conjugates for delivery to pancreatic cancer for intraoperative imaging. Theranostics 2020; 10:3413-3429. [PMID: 32206099 PMCID: PMC7069077 DOI: 10.7150/thno.40688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of pancreatic cancer remains poor. Intraoperative fluorescence imaging of tumors could improve staging and surgical resection, thereby improving prognosis. However, imaging pancreatic cancer with macromolecular delivery systems, is often hampered by nonspecific organ accumulation. Methods: We describe the rational development of hyaluronic acid (HA) conjugates that vary in molecular weight and are conjugated to near infrared fluorescent (NIRF) dyes that have differences in hydrophilicity, serum protein binding affinity, and clearance mechanism. We systematically investigated the roles of each of these properties on tumor accumulation, relative biodistribution, and the impact of intraoperative imaging of orthotopic, syngeneic pancreatic cancer. Results: Each HA-NIRF conjugate displayed intrapancreatic tumor enhancement. Regardless of HA molecular weight, Cy7.5 conjugation directed biodistribution to the liver, spleen, and bowels. Conjugation of IRDye800 to 5 and 20 kDa HA resulted in low liver and spleen signal while enhancing the tumor up to 14-fold compared to healthy pancreas, while 100 kDa HA conjugated to IRDye800 resulting in liver and spleen accumulation. Conclusion: These studies demonstrate that by tuning HA molecular weight and the physicochemical properties of the conjugated moiety, in this case a NIRF probe, peritoneal biodistribution can be substantially altered to achieve optimized delivery to tumors intraoperative abdominal imaging.
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24
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Habimana-Griffin L, Ye D, Carpenter J, Prior J, Sudlow G, Marsala L, Mixdorf M, Rubin JB, Chen H, Achilefu S. Intracranial glioma xenograft model rapidly reestablishes blood-brain barrier integrity for longitudinal imaging of tumor progression using fluorescence molecular tomography and contrast agents. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2020; 25:1-13. [PMID: 32112540 PMCID: PMC7047009 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.25.2.026004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major obstacle to detecting and treating brain tumors. Overcoming this challenge will facilitate the early and accurate detection of brain lesions and guide surgical resection of tumors. AIM We generated an orthotopic brain tumor model that simulates the pathophysiology of gliomas at early stages; determine the BBB integrity and breakdown over the time course of tumor progression using generic and cancer-targeted near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent molecular probes. APPROACH We developed an intracranial tumor xenograft model that rapidly reestablished BBB integrity and monitored tumor progression by bioluminescence imaging. Sham control mice were injected with phosphate-buffered saline only. Fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) was used to quantify the uptake of tumor-targeted and passive NIR fluorescent imaging agents in orthotopic glioma (U87-GL-GFP PDE7B H217Q cells) tumor model. Cancer-induced and transient (with focused ultrasound, FUS) disruption of BBB integrity was monitored with NIR fluorescent dyes. RESULTS Stereotactic injection of 50,000 cells into mouse brain allowed rapid reestablishment of BBB integrity within a week, as determined by the inability of both tumor-targeted and generic NIR imaging agents to extravasate into the brain. Tumor-induced BBB disruption was observed 7 weeks after tumor implantation. FUS achieved a similar effect at any time point after reestablishing BBB integrity. While tumor uptake and retention of the passive NIR dye, indocyanine green, was negligible, both actively tumor-targeting agents exhibited selective accumulation in the tumor region. The tumor-targeting molecular probe that clears rapidly from nontumor brain tissue exhibits higher contrast than the analogous vascular-targeting agent and helps delineate tumors from sham control. CONCLUSIONS We highlight the utility of FMT imaging for longitudinal assessment of brain tumors and the interplay between the stages of BBB disruption and molecular probe retention in tumors, with potential application to other neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- LeMoyne Habimana-Griffin
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
- Washington University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Dezhuang Ye
- Washington University, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Julia Carpenter
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Julie Prior
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Gail Sudlow
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Lynne Marsala
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Matthew Mixdorf
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Joshua B. Rubin
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Hong Chen
- Washington University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
- Washington University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
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25
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Suo Y, Wu F, Xu P, Shi H, Wang T, Liu H, Cheng Z. NIR-II Fluorescence Endoscopy for Targeted Imaging of Colorectal Cancer. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1900974. [PMID: 31697035 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Endoscopy is a clinical gold standard to exam the interior of a hollow organ or body cavity. For the first of time, this study presents the design and construction of a fluorescent endoscopic system that harnesses the power of the second near-infrared window II (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging. An NIR-II fluorescent molecular probe, indocyanine green (ICG) conjugated bevacizumab (Bev-ICG) that targets vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), is successfully synthesized and evaluated along with the NIR-II endoscopy imaging system. Simultaneous NIR-II fluorescence and white-light (WL) imaging of VEGF is validated in an orthotopic rat colorectal cancer model. This NIR-II endoscopy system is a generalizable design, and it is compatible with the most of current clinic endoscopies. Similar hardware upgrades are expected to greatly promote the application of NIR-II fluorescent imaging in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkuan Suo
- Institute of Molecular MedicineJoint Laboratory for Molecular MedicineNortheastern University Shenyang Liaoning 110000 China
| | - Fengxia Wu
- Institute of Molecular MedicineJoint Laboratory for Molecular MedicineNortheastern University Shenyang Liaoning 110000 China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & PharmacologyJining First People's HospitalJining Medical University Jining 272000 China
| | - Hui Shi
- Institute of Molecular MedicineJoint Laboratory for Molecular MedicineNortheastern University Shenyang Liaoning 110000 China
| | - Tingzhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgerythe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning 110000 China
| | - Hongguang Liu
- Institute of Molecular MedicineJoint Laboratory for Molecular MedicineNortheastern University Shenyang Liaoning 110000 China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS)Bio‐X Program, and Department of RadiologyCanary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionStanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
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26
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van Leeuwen FWB, Schottelius M, Brouwer OR, Vidal-Sicart S, Achilefu S, Klode J, Wester HJ, Buckle T. Trending: Radioactive and Fluorescent Bimodal/Hybrid Tracers as Multiplexing Solutions for Surgical Guidance. J Nucl Med 2019; 61:13-19. [PMID: 31712326 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.228684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
By contributing to noninvasive molecular imaging and radioguided surgery, nuclear medicine has been instrumental in the realization of precision medicine. During the last decade, it has also become apparent that nuclear medicine (e.g., in the form of bimodal/hybrid tracers) can help to empower fluorescence-guided surgery. More specifically, when using hybrid tracers, lesions can be noninvasively identified and localized with a high sensitivity and precision (guided by the radioisotope) and ultimately resected under real-time optical guidance (fluorescent dye). This topical review discusses early clinical successes, preclinical directions, and key aspects that could have an impact on the future of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fijs W B van Leeuwen
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands .,Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Margret Schottelius
- Radiopharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Oscar R Brouwer
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sergi Vidal-Sicart
- Diagnostic Imaging Institute, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Optical Radiology Lab, Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; and
| | - Joachim Klode
- Clinic for Dermatology, University Clinic Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hans-Jurgen Wester
- Diagnostic Imaging Institute, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tessa Buckle
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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27
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Chang Z, Liu F, Wang L, Deng M, Zhou C, Sun Q, Chu J. Near-infrared dyes, nanomaterials and proteins. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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Gajadeera N, Hanson RN. Review of fluorescent steroidal ligands for the estrogen receptor 1995-2018. Steroids 2019; 144:30-46. [PMID: 30738074 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of fluorescent ligands for the estrogen receptor (ER) continues to be of interest. Over the past 20 years, most efforts have focused on appending an expanding variety of fluorophores to the B-, C- and D-rings of the steroidal scaffold. This review highlights the synthesis and evaluation of derivatives substituted primarily at the 6-, 7α- and 17α-positions, culminating with our recent work on 11β-substituted estradiols, and proposes an approach to new fluorescent imaging agents that retain high ER affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisal Gajadeera
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston MA02115-5000, United States
| | - Robert N Hanson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston MA02115-5000, United States.
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29
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Bhatnagar S, Khera E, Liao J, Eniola V, Hu Y, Smith DE, Thurber GM. Oral and Subcutaneous Administration of a Near-Infrared Fluorescent Molecular Imaging Agent Detects Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4661. [PMID: 30858419 PMCID: PMC6411963 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38548-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease that causes irreversible damage to the joints. However, effective drugs exist that can stop disease progression, leading to intense interest in early detection and treatment monitoring to improve patient outcomes. Imaging approaches have the potential for early detection, but current methods lack sensitivity and/or are time-consuming and expensive. We examined potential routes for self-administration of molecular imaging agents in the form of subcutaneous and oral delivery of an integrin binding near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent imaging agent in an animal model of RA with the long-term goal of increasing safety and patient compliance for screening. NIR imaging has relatively low cost, uses non-ionizing radiation, and provides minimally invasive spatial and molecular information. This proof-of-principle study shows significant uptake of an IRDye800CW agent in inflamed joints of a collagen antibody induced arthritis (CAIA) mouse model compared to healthy joints, irrespective of the method of administration. The imaging results were extrapolated to clinical depths in silico using a 3D COMSOL model of NIR fluorescence imaging in a human hand to examine imaging feasability. With target to background concentration ratios greater than 5.5, which are achieved in the mouse model, these probes have the potential to identify arthritic joints following oral delivery at clinically relevant depths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Bhatnagar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Eshita Khera
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Jianshan Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Victoria Eniola
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Yongjun Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - David E Smith
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Greg M Thurber
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States.
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30
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Negwer I, Best A, Schinnerer M, Schäfer O, Capeloa L, Wagner M, Schmidt M, Mailänder V, Helm M, Barz M, Butt HJ, Koynov K. Monitoring drug nanocarriers in human blood by near-infrared fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5306. [PMID: 30546066 PMCID: PMC6294246 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07755-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocarrier-based drug delivery is a promising therapeutic approach that offers unique possibilities for the treatment of various diseases. However, inside the blood stream, nanocarriers' properties may change significantly due to interactions with proteins, aggregation, decomposition or premature loss of cargo. Thus, a method for precise, in situ characterization of drug nanocarriers in blood is needed. Here we show how the fluorescence correlation spectroscopy that is a well-established method for measuring the size, loading efficiency and stability of drug nanocarriers in aqueous solutions can be used to directly characterize drug nanocarriers in flowing blood. As the blood is not transparent for visible light and densely crowded with cells, we label the nanocarriers or their cargo with near-infrared fluorescent dyes and fit the experimental autocorrelation functions with an analytical model accounting for the presence of blood cells. The developed methodology contributes towards quantitative understanding of the in vivo behavior of nanocarrier-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inka Negwer
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Best
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Meike Schinnerer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Jakob Welder Weg 11, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Olga Schäfer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Leon Capeloa
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred Wagner
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred Schmidt
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Jakob Welder Weg 11, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Volker Mailänder
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mark Helm
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Barz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Butt
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan.
| | - Kaloian Koynov
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
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Abstract
Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a powerful imaging modality capable of mapping the absorption of light in biological tissue via the PA effect. When chromophores are optically excited, subsequent energy loss in the form of heat generates local thermoelastic expansion. Repeated excitation from a pulsed laser induces pressure fluctuations that propagate through tissue and can be detected as ultrasound waves. By combining ultrasonic detection with optical excitation, PAI enables high-resolution image acquisition at centimeter depths. PAI is also relatively inexpensive and relies on safe, nonionizing excitation light in the near-infrared window, making it an attractive alternative to other common biomedical imaging modalities. Research in our group is aimed at developing small-molecule activatable probes that can be used for analyte detection in deep tissue via PAI. These probes contain reactive triggers that undergo a selective chemical reaction in the presence of specific stimuli to produce a spectral change that can be observed via PAI. Chemically tuning the absorbance profile of the probe and the reacted product such that they are both within the PA imaging window enables ratiometric imaging when each species is irradiated at a specific wavelength. Ratiometric imaging is an important design feature of these probes as it minimizes error associated with tissue-dependent signal fluctuations and instrumental variation. In this Account, we discuss key properties for designing small-molecule PA probes that can be applied for in vivo studies and the challenges associated with this area of probe development. We also highlight examples from our group including probes capable of detecting metal ions (Cu(II)), reactive nitrogen species (NO), and oxygen tension (hypoxia). Each of these targets can be sensed using a modular design strategy based on influencing the electronic and spectral properties of a NIR-absorbing dye platform. We demonstrate that ideal small-molecule PA probes have high molar absorptivity, low fluorescence quantum yields, and selective triggers that can reliably report on a single analyte in a complex biological setting. Probes must also be highly chemo- and photostable to enable long-term imaging studies. We show that these PA probes react rapidly and selectively and can be utilized for deep-tissue imaging in mouse models of various diseases. Overall, these examples represent a new class of biomedical imaging tools that seek to enable high-resolution molecular imaging capable of improving diagnostic methods and elucidating new biological discoveries. We anticipate that the combination of small-molecule PA probes with new PAI technology will enable noninvasive detection of analytes relevant to disease progression and mapping of tissue microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailey J. Knox
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jefferson Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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32
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Pogue BW, Wilson BC. Optical and x-ray technology synergies enabling diagnostic and therapeutic applications in medicine. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2018; 23:1-17. [PMID: 30350489 PMCID: PMC6197862 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.12.121610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
X-ray and optical technologies are the two central pillars for human imaging and therapy. The strengths of x-rays are deep tissue penetration, effective cytotoxicity, and the ability to image with robust projection and computed-tomography methods. The major limitations of x-ray use are the lack of molecular specificity and the carcinogenic risk. In comparison, optical interactions with tissue are strongly scatter dominated, leading to limited tissue penetration, making imaging and therapy largely restricted to superficial or endoscopically directed tissues. However, optical photon energies are comparable with molecular energy levels, thereby providing the strength of intrinsic molecular specificity. Additionally, optical technologies are highly advanced and diversified, being ubiquitously used throughout medicine as the single largest technology sector. Both have dominant spatial localization value, achieved with optical surface scanning or x-ray internal visualization, where one often is used with the other. Therapeutic delivery can also be enhanced by their synergy, where radio-optical and optical-radio interactions can inform about dose or amplify the clinical therapeutic value. An emerging trend is the integration of nanoparticles to serve as molecular intermediates or energy transducers for imaging and therapy, requiring careful design for the interaction either by scintillation or Cherenkov light, and the nanoscale design is impacted by the choices of optical interaction mechanism. The enhancement of optical molecular sensing or sensitization of tissue using x-rays as the energy source is an important emerging field combining x-ray tissue penetration in radiation oncology with the molecular specificity and packaging of optical probes or molecular localization. The ways in which x-rays can enable optical procedures, or optics can enable x-ray procedures, provide a range of new opportunities in both diagnostic and therapeutic medicine. Taken together, these two technologies form the basis for the vast majority of diagnostics and therapeutics in use in clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian W. Pogue
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States
| | - Brian C. Wilson
- University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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33
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Zhou EY, Knox HJ, Reinhardt CJ, Partipilo G, Nilges MJ, Chan J. Near-Infrared Photoactivatable Nitric Oxide Donors with Integrated Photoacoustic Monitoring. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:11686-11697. [PMID: 30198716 PMCID: PMC7331458 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Photoacoustic (PA) tomography is a noninvasive technology that utilizes near-infrared (NIR) excitation and ultrasonic detection to image biological tissue at centimeter depths. While several activatable small-molecule PA sensors have been developed for various analytes, the use of PA molecules for deep-tissue analyte delivery and monitoring remains an underexplored area of research. Herein, we describe the synthesis, characterization, and in vivo validation of photoNOD-1 and photoNOD-2, the first organic, NIR-photocontrolled nitric oxide (NO) donors that incorporate a PA readout of analyte release. These molecules consist of an aza-BODIPY dye appended with an aryl N-nitrosamine NO-donating moiety. The photoNODs exhibit chemostability to various biological stimuli, including redox-active metals and CYP450 enzymes, and demonstrate negligible cytotoxicity in the absence of irradiation. Upon single-photon NIR irradiation, photoNOD-1 and photoNOD-2 release NO as well as rNOD-1 or rNOD-2, PA-active products that enable ratiometric monitoring of NO release. Our in vitro studies show that, upon irradiation, photoNOD-1 and photoNOD-2 exhibit 46.6-fold and 21.5-fold ratiometric turn-ons, respectively. Moreover, unlike existing NIR NO donors, the photoNODs do not require encapsulation or multiphoton activation for use in live animals. In this study, we use PA tomography to monitor the local, irradiation-dependent release of NO from photoNOD-1 and photoNOD-2 in mice after subcutaneous treatment. In addition, we use a murine model for breast cancer to show that photoNOD-1 can selectively affect tumor growth rates in the presence of NIR light stimulation following systemic administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Effie Y. Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Hailey J. Knox
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Christopher J. Reinhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Gina Partipilo
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Mark J. Nilges
- Illinois EPR Research Center, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jefferson Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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34
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Mac JT, Vankayala R, Patel DK, Wueste S, Anvari B. Erythrocyte-Derived Optical Nanoprobes Doped with Indocyanine Green-Bound Albumin: Material Characteristics and Evaluation for Cancer Cell Imaging. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:3055-3062. [PMID: 33435025 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanosize structures activated by near-infrared (NIR) photoexcitation can provide an optical platform for the image-guided removal of small tumor nodules. We have engineered nanoparticles derived from erythrocytes that can be doped with NIR fluorophore indocyanine green (ICG). We refer to these constructs as NIR erythrocyte-derived transducers (NETs). The objective of this study was to determine if ICG-bound albumin (IbA), as the doping material, could enhance the fluorescence emission of NETs, and evaluate the capability of these nanoprobes in imaging cancer cells. Erythrocytes were isolated from bovine whole blood and depleted of hemoglobin to form erythrocyte ghosts (EGs). EGs were then extruded through nanosize porous membranes in the presence of 10-100 μm ICG or Iba (1:1 molar ratio) to form ICG- or IbA-doped NETs. The resulting nanosize constructs were characterized for their diameters, zeta-potentials, absorption, and fluorescence emission spectra. We used fluorescence microscopic imaging to evaluate the capability of the constructs in imaging SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells. Based on dynamic light-scattering measurements, ICG- and IbA-doped NETs had similar diameter distributions (Z-average diameter of 236 and 238 nm, respectively) in phosphate-buffered saline supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, which remained nearly constant over the course of 2 h at 37 °C. Despite a much-lower loading efficiency of IbA (∼0.7-8%) as compared to ICG (10-45%), the integrated normalized fluorescence emission of IbA-NETs was 2- to 6-fold higher than ICG-doped NETs. IbA-NETs also demonstrated an enhanced capability in fluorescence imaging of SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells, and can serve as potentially effective nanoprobes for the fluorescence imaging of cancerous cells.
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35
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Miller J, Wang ST, Orukari I, Prior J, Sudlow G, Su X, Liang K, Tang R, Hillman EM, Weilbaecher KN, Culver JP, Berezin MY, Achilefu S. Perfusion-based fluorescence imaging method delineates diverse organs and identifies multifocal tumors using generic near-infrared molecular probes. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2018; 11:e201700232. [PMID: 29206348 PMCID: PMC5903995 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rapid detection of multifocal cancer without the use of complex imaging schemes will improve treatment outcomes. In this study, dynamic fluorescence imaging was used to harness differences in the perfusion kinetics of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dyes to visualize structural characteristics of different tissues. Using the hydrophobic nontumor-selective NIR dye cypate, and the hydrophilic dye LS288, a high tumor-to-background contrast was achieved, allowing the delineation of diverse tissue types while maintaining short imaging times. By clustering tissue types with similar perfusion properties, the dynamic fluorescence imaging method identified secondary tumor locations when only the primary tumor position was known, with a respective sensitivity and specificity of 0.97 and 0.75 for cypate, and 0.85 and 0.81 for LS288. Histological analysis suggests that the vasculature in the connective tissue that directly surrounds the tumor was a major factor for tumor identification through perfusion imaging. Although the hydrophobic dye showed higher specificity than the hydrophilic probe, use of other dyes with different physical and biological properties could further improve the accuracy of the dynamic imaging platform to identify multifocal tumors for potential use in real-time intraoperative procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Miller
- Optical Radiology Lab, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Ave, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Steven T. Wang
- Optical Radiology Lab, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Ave, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Inema Orukari
- Optical Radiology Lab, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Ave, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Julie Prior
- Optical Radiology Lab, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Ave, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Gail Sudlow
- Optical Radiology Lab, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Ave, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Xinming Su
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Kexian Liang
- Optical Radiology Lab, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Ave, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Rui Tang
- Optical Radiology Lab, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Ave, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Elizabeth M.C. Hillman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 1210 Amsterdam Ave., New York, NY 10027, United States
| | - Katherine N. Weilbaecher
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Joseph P. Culver
- Optical Radiology Lab, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Ave, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Mikhail Y. Berezin
- Optical Radiology Lab, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Ave, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63132, United States
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Optical Radiology Lab, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Ave, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr., St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
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36
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Abstract
PURPOSE Recently we showed that a number of carboxylated near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) cyanine dyes possess strong necrosis avid properties in vitro as well as in different mouse models of spontaneous and therapy-induced tumor necrosis, indicating their potential use for cancer diagnostic- and prognostic purposes. In the previous study, the detection of the cyanines was achieved by whole body optical imaging, a technique that, due to the limited penetration of near-infrared light, is not suitable for investigations deeper than 1 cm within the human body. Therefore, in order to facilitate clinical translation, the purpose of the present study was to generate a necrosis avid cyanine-based NIRF probe that could also be used for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). For this, the necrosis avid NIRF cyanine HQ4 was radiolabeled with 111indium, via the chelate diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA). PROCEDURES The necrosis avid properties of the radiotracer [111In]DTPA-HQ4 were examined in vitro and in vivo in different breast tumor models in mice using SPECT and optical imaging. Moreover, biodistribution studies were performed to examine the pharmacokinetics of the probe in vivo. RESULTS Using optical imaging and radioactivity measurements, in vitro, we showed selective accumulation of [111In]DTPA-HQ4 in dead cells. Using SPECT and in biodistribution studies, the necrosis avidity of the radiotracer was confirmed in a 4T1 mouse breast cancer model of spontaneous tumor necrosis and in a MCF-7 human breast cancer model of chemotherapy-induced tumor necrosis. CONCLUSIONS The radiotracer [111In]DTPA-HQ4 possessed strong and selective necrosis avidity in vitro and in various mouse models of tumor necrosis in vivo, indicating its potential to be clinically applied for diagnostic purposes and to monitor anti-cancer treatment efficacy.
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37
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Sano K, Ohashi M, Kanazaki K, Makino A, Ding N, Deguchi J, Kanada Y, Ono M, Saji H. Indocyanine Green-Labeled Polysarcosine for in Vivo Photoacoustic Tumor Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:1024-1030. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Sano
- Department
of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida,
Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan, 606-8501
- Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan, 606-8507
| | - Manami Ohashi
- Department
of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida,
Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan, 606-8501
| | - Kengo Kanazaki
- Department
of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida,
Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan, 606-8501
- Medical Imaging Project, Corporate R&D Headquarters, Canon Inc., 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, 10 Ohta-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 146-8501
| | - Akira Makino
- Department
of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida,
Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan, 606-8501
- Biomedical
Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuokashimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan, 910-1193
| | - Ning Ding
- Department
of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida,
Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan, 606-8501
| | - Jun Deguchi
- Department
of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida,
Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan, 606-8501
| | - Yuko Kanada
- Department
of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida,
Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan, 606-8501
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department
of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida,
Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan, 606-8501
| | - Hideo Saji
- Department
of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida,
Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan, 606-8501
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38
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Xie B, Stammes MA, van Driel PBAA, Cruz LJ, Knol-Blankevoort VT, Löwik MAM, Mezzanotte L, Que I, Chan A, van den Wijngaard JPHM, Siebes M, Gottschalk S, Razansky D, Ntziachristos V, Keereweer S, Horobin RW, Hoehn M, Kaijzel EL, van Beek ER, Snoeks TJA, Löwik CWGM. Necrosis avid near infrared fluorescent cyanines for imaging cell death and their use to monitor therapeutic efficacy in mouse tumor models. Oncotarget 2016; 6:39036-49. [PMID: 26472022 PMCID: PMC4770755 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantification of tumor necrosis in cancer patients is of diagnostic value as the amount of necrosis is correlated with disease prognosis and it could also be used to predict early efficacy of anti-cancer treatments. In the present study, we identified two near infrared fluorescent (NIRF) carboxylated cyanines, HQ5 and IRDye 800CW (800CW), which possess strong necrosis avidity. In vitro studies showed that both dyes selectively bind to cytoplasmic proteins of dead cells that have lost membrane integrity. Affinity for cytoplasmic proteins was confirmed using quantitative structure activity relations modeling. In vivo results, using NIRF and optoacoustic imaging, confirmed the necrosis avid properties of HQ5 and 800CW in a mouse 4T1 breast cancer tumor model of spontaneous necrosis. Finally, in a mouse EL4 lymphoma tumor model, already 24 h post chemotherapy, a significant increase in 800CW fluorescence intensity was observed in treated compared to untreated tumors. In conclusion, we show, for the first time, that the NIRF carboxylated cyanines HQ5 and 800CW possess strong necrosis avid properties in vitro and in vivo. When translated to the clinic, these dyes may be used for diagnostic or prognostic purposes and for monitoring in vivo tumor response early after the start of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangwen Xie
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke A Stammes
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Percuros BV, Enschede, The Netherlands.,In-vivo-NMR Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Pieter B A A van Driel
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Percuros BV, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Luis J Cruz
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Vicky T Knol-Blankevoort
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Percuros BV, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn A M Löwik
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Mezzanotte
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo Que
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alan Chan
- Percuros BV, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen P H M van den Wijngaard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Siebes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sven Gottschalk
- Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Razansky
- Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stijn Keereweer
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Richard W Horobin
- School of Life Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Mathias Hoehn
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Percuros BV, Enschede, The Netherlands.,In-vivo-NMR Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eric L Kaijzel
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ermond R van Beek
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Medres, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas J A Snoeks
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens W G M Löwik
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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39
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Mishra A, Jiang Y, Roberts S, Ntziachristos V, Westmeyer GG. Near-Infrared Photoacoustic Imaging Probe Responsive to Calcium. Anal Chem 2016; 88:10785-10789. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Mishra
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sheryl Roberts
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Nuclear
Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair for Biological Imaging, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Gil G. Westmeyer
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Nuclear
Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
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40
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Zhang L, Thurber GM. Quantitative Impact of Plasma Clearance and Down-regulation on GLP-1 Receptor Molecular Imaging. Mol Imaging Biol 2016; 18:79-89. [PMID: 26194012 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-015-0880-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Quantitative molecular imaging of beta cell mass (BCM) would enable early detection and treatment monitoring of type 1 diabetes. The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor is an attractive target due to its beta cell specificity and cell surface location. We quantitatively investigated the impact of plasma clearance and receptor internalization on targeting efficiency in healthy B6 mice. PROCEDURES Four exenatide-based probes were synthesized that varied in molecular weight, binding affinity, and plasma clearance. The GLP-1 receptor internalization rate and in vivo receptor expression were quantified. RESULTS Receptor internalization (54,000 receptors/cell in vivo) decreased significantly within minutes, reducing the benefit of a slower-clearing agent. The multimers and albumin binding probes had higher kidney and liver uptake, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Slow plasma clearance is beneficial for GLP-1 receptor peptide therapeutics. However, for exendin-based imaging of islets, down-regulation of the GLP-1 receptor and non-specific background uptake result in a higher target-to-background ratio for fast-clearing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Greg M Thurber
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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41
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Miao W, Kim H, Gujrati V, Kim JY, Jon H, Lee Y, Choi M, Kim J, Lee S, Lee DY, Kang S, Jon S. Photo-decomposable Organic Nanoparticles for Combined Tumor Optical Imaging and Multiple Phototherapies. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:2367-2379. [PMID: 27877241 PMCID: PMC5118601 DOI: 10.7150/thno.15829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with photothermal therapy (PTT) has achieved significantly improved therapeutic efficacy compared to a single phototherapy modality. However, most nanomaterials used for combined PDT/PTT are made of non-biodegradable materials (e.g., gold nanorods, carbon nanotubes, and graphenes) and may remain intact in the body for long time, raising concerns over their potential long-term toxicity. Here we report a new combined PDT/PTT nanomedicine, designated SP3NPs, that exhibit photo-decomposable, photodynamic and photothermal properties. SP3NPs were prepared by self-assembly of PEGylated cypate, comprising FDA-approved PEG and an ICG derivative. We confirmed the ability of SP3NPs to generate both singlet oxygen for a photodynamic effect and heat for photothermal therapy in response to NIR laser irradiation in vitro. Also, the unique ability of SP3NPs to undergo irreversible decomposition upon NIR laser irradiation was demonstrated. Further our experimental results demonstrated that SP3NPs strongly accumulated in tumor tissue owing to their highly PEGylated surface and relatively small size (~60 nm), offering subsequent imaging-guided combined PDT/PTT treatment that resulted in tumor eradication and prolonged survival of mice. Taken together, our SP3NPs described here may represent a novel and facile approach for next-generation theranostics with great promise for translation into clinical practice in the future.
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42
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Bordenave T, Helle M, Beau F, Georgiadis D, Tepshi L, Bernes M, Ye Y, Levenez L, Poquet E, Nozach H, Razavian M, Toczek J, Stura EA, Dive V, Sadeghi MM, Devel L. Synthesis and in Vitro and in Vivo Evaluation of MMP-12 Selective Optical Probes. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:2407-2417. [PMID: 27564088 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In designing new tracers consisting of a small peptide conjugated to a reporter of comparable size, particular attention needs to be paid to the selection of the reporter group, which can dictate both the in vitro and the in vivo performances of the whole conjugate. In the case of fluorescent tracers, this is particularly true given the large numbers of available dye moieties differing in their structures and properties. Here, we have investigated the in vitro and in vivo properties of a novel series of MMP-12 selective probes composed of cyanine dyes varying in their structure, net charge, and hydrophilic character, tethered through a linker to a potent and specific MMP-12 phosphinic pseudopeptide inhibitor. The impact of linker length has been also explored. The crystallographic structure of one tracer in complex with MMP-12 has been obtained, providing the first crystal structure of a Cy5.5-derived probe and confirming that the binding of the targeting moiety is unaffected. MMP-12 remains the tracers' privileged target, as attested by their affinity selectivity profile evaluated in solution toward a panel of 12 metalloproteases. In vivo assessment of four selected probes has highlighted not only the impact of the dye structure but also that of the linker length on the probes' blood clearance rates and their biodistributions. These experiments have also provided valuable data on the stability of the dye moieties in vivo. This has permitted the identification of one probe, which combines favorable binding to MMP-12 in solution and on cells with optimized in vivo performance including blood clearance rate suitable for short-time imaging. Through this series of tracers, we have identified various critical factors modulating the tracers' in vivo behavior, which is both useful for the development and optimization of MMP-12 selective radiolabeled tracers and informative for the design of fluorescent probes in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bordenave
- Service d'ingénierie moléculaire des protéines (SIMOPRO), IBITECS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay , Gif-sur-Yvette F-91191, France
| | - Marion Helle
- Service d'ingénierie moléculaire des protéines (SIMOPRO), IBITECS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay , Gif-sur-Yvette F-91191, France
| | - Fabrice Beau
- Service d'ingénierie moléculaire des protéines (SIMOPRO), IBITECS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay , Gif-sur-Yvette F-91191, France
| | - Dimitris Georgiadis
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Athens , Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Livia Tepshi
- Service d'ingénierie moléculaire des protéines (SIMOPRO), IBITECS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay , Gif-sur-Yvette F-91191, France
| | - Mylène Bernes
- Service d'ingénierie moléculaire des protéines (SIMOPRO), IBITECS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay , Gif-sur-Yvette F-91191, France
| | - Yunpeng Ye
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States.,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System , West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Laure Levenez
- Service d'ingénierie moléculaire des protéines (SIMOPRO), IBITECS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay , Gif-sur-Yvette F-91191, France
| | - Enora Poquet
- Service d'ingénierie moléculaire des protéines (SIMOPRO), IBITECS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay , Gif-sur-Yvette F-91191, France
| | - Hervé Nozach
- Service d'ingénierie moléculaire des protéines (SIMOPRO), IBITECS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay , Gif-sur-Yvette F-91191, France
| | - Mahmoud Razavian
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States.,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System , West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Jakub Toczek
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States.,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System , West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Enrico A Stura
- Service d'ingénierie moléculaire des protéines (SIMOPRO), IBITECS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay , Gif-sur-Yvette F-91191, France
| | - Vincent Dive
- Service d'ingénierie moléculaire des protéines (SIMOPRO), IBITECS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay , Gif-sur-Yvette F-91191, France
| | - Mehran M Sadeghi
- Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States.,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System , West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Laurent Devel
- Service d'ingénierie moléculaire des protéines (SIMOPRO), IBITECS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay , Gif-sur-Yvette F-91191, France
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43
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Abstract
Indocyanine green (ICG) is the only near-infrared dye approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for clinical use. When injected in blood, ICG binds primarily to plasma proteins and lipoproteins, resulting in enhanced fluorescence. Recently, the optofluidic laser has emerged as a novel tool in bio-analysis. Laser emission has advantages over fluorescence in signal amplification, narrow linewidth, and strong intensity, leading to orders of magnitude increase in detection sensitivity and imaging contrast. Here we successfully demonstrate, to the best of our knowledge, the first ICG lasing in human serum and whole blood with the clinical ICG concentrations and the pump intensity far below the clinically permissible level. Furthermore, we systematically study ICG laser emission within each major serological component (albumins, globulins, and lipoproteins) and reveal the critical elements and conditions responsible for lasing. Our work marks a critical step toward eventual clinical and biomedical applications of optofluidic lasers using FDA approved fluorophores, which may complement or even supersede conventional fluorescence-based sensing and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cheng Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1101 Beal Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Qiushu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1101 Beal Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Xudong Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1101 Beal Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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44
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Zhang L, Navaratna T, Thurber GM. A Helix-Stabilizing Linker Improves Subcutaneous Bioavailability of a Helical Peptide Independent of Linker Lipophilicity. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:1663-72. [PMID: 27327034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Stabilized peptides address several limitations to peptide-based imaging agents and therapeutics such as poor stability and low affinity due to conformational flexibility. There is also active research in developing these compounds for intracellular drug targeting, and significant efforts have been invested to determine the effects of helix stabilization on intracellular delivery. However, much less is known about the impact on other pharmacokinetic parameters such as plasma clearance and bioavailability. We investigated the effect of different fluorescent helix-stabilizing linkers with varying lipophilicity on subcutaneous (sc) bioavailability using the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor ligand exendin as a model system. The stabilized peptides showed significantly higher protease resistance and increased bioavailability independent of linker hydrophilicity, and all subcutaneously delivered conjugates were able to successfully target the islets of Langerhans with high specificity. The lipophilic peptide variants had slower absorption and plasma clearance than their respective hydrophilic conjugates, and the absolute bioavailability was also lower likely due to the longer residence times in the skin. Their ease and efficiency make double-click helix stabilization chemistries a useful tool for increasing the bioavailability of peptide therapeutics, many of which suffer from rapid in vivo protease degradation. Helix stabilization using linkers of varying lipophilicity can further control sc absorption and clearance rates to customize plasma pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Tejas Navaratna
- Department of Chemical Engineering, and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Greg M Thurber
- Department of Chemical Engineering, and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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45
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Mechanistic and quantitative insight into cell surface targeted molecular imaging agent design. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25424. [PMID: 27147293 PMCID: PMC4857130 DOI: 10.1038/srep25424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular imaging agent design involves simultaneously optimizing multiple probe properties. While several desired characteristics are straightforward, including high affinity and low non-specific background signal, in practice there are quantitative trade-offs between these properties. These include plasma clearance, where fast clearance lowers background signal but can reduce target uptake, and binding, where high affinity compounds sometimes suffer from lower stability or increased non-specific interactions. Further complicating probe development, many of the optimal parameters vary depending on both target tissue and imaging agent properties, making empirical approaches or previous experience difficult to translate. Here, we focus on low molecular weight compounds targeting extracellular receptors, which have some of the highest contrast values for imaging agents. We use a mechanistic approach to provide a quantitative framework for weighing trade-offs between molecules. Our results show that specific target uptake is well-described by quantitative simulations for a variety of targeting agents, whereas non-specific background signal is more difficult to predict. Two in vitro experimental methods for estimating background signal in vivo are compared – non-specific cellular uptake and plasma protein binding. Together, these data provide a quantitative method to guide probe design and focus animal work for more cost-effective and time-efficient development of molecular imaging agents.
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46
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Spectrometric study on the interaction of indocyanine green with human serum albumin. Chem Res Chin Univ 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-016-6008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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47
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Zakharova GV, Konstantinov RR, Odinokov AV, Chibisov AK, Alfimov MV, Kasheverov IE, Utkin YN, Zhmak MN, Tsetlin VI. Effect of a peptide modeling the nicotinic receptor binding site on the spectral and luminescent properties of dye complexes with cucurbit[8]uril. HIGH ENERGY CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0018143916020090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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48
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Kanazaki K, Sano K, Makino A, Yamauchi F, Takahashi A, Homma T, Ono M, Saji H. Feasibility of poly(ethylene glycol) derivatives as diagnostic drug carriers for tumor imaging. J Control Release 2016; 226:115-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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49
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Remarkable red-shift of upconversion luminescence and anti-ferromagnetic coupling in NaLuF4:Yb3+/Tm3+/Gd3+/Sm3+ bifunctional microcrystals. J RARE EARTH 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1002-0721(16)60010-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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50
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Kuzmin VA, Nekipelova TD, Podrugina TA, Golovina GV, Kostyukov AA, Temnov VV, Doroshenko IA, Radchenko EV, Palyulin VA, Zefirov NS. Complex formation of albumin with tricarbocyanine dyes containing phosphonate groups. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2016; 15:1377-1384. [DOI: 10.1039/c6pp00246c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel indotricarbocyanine dyes bearing remote phosphonate groups show good binding with albumins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A. Kuzmin
- Department of Chemistry
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow
- 119992 Russia
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS
| | | | | | | | | | - Viktor V. Temnov
- Department of Chemistry
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow
- 119992 Russia
| | | | | | | | - Nikolay S. Zefirov
- Department of Chemistry
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow
- 119992 Russia
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