1
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Shi D, Kang Y, Jiang Z, Li X, Zhang H, Wang Q, Guo J, Jiang H, Luo Q, Ding J. Hybrid interpenetrating network of polyester coronary stent with tunable biodegradation and mechanical properties. Biomaterials 2024; 304:122411. [PMID: 38061184 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) is an important candidate raw material of the next-generation biodegradable stent for percutaneous coronary intervention, yet how to make a polyester stent with sufficient mechanical strength and relatively fast biodegradation gets to be a dilemma. Herein, we put forward a hybrid interpenetrating network (H-IPN) strategy to resolve this dilemma. As such, we synthesize a multi-functional biodegradable macromer of star-like poly(d,l-lactide-co-ɛ-caprolactone) with six acrylate end groups, and photoinitiate it, after mixing with linear PLLA homopolymer, to trigger the free radical polymerization. The resultant crosslinked polymer blend is different from the classic semi-interpenetrating network, and partial chemical crosslinking occurs between the linear polymer and the macromer network. Combined with the tube blow molding and the postprocessing laser cutting, we fabricate a semi-crosslinked-polyester biodegradable coronary stent composed of H-IPN, which includes a physical network of polyester spherulites and a chemical crosslinking network of copolyester macromers and a part of homopolymers. Compared with the currently main-stream PLLA stent in research, this H-IPN stent realizes a higher and more appropriate biodegradation rate while maintaining sufficient radial strength. A series of polymer chemistry, polymer physics, polymer processing, and in vitro and in vivo biological assessments of medical devices have been made to examine the H-IPN material. The interventional implanting of the H-IPN stent into aorta abdominalis of rabbits and the follow-ups to 12 months have confirmed the safety and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daokun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yahong Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Interventional Medical Devices and Equipment, Shanghai MicroPort Medical Group Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zailai Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Interventional Medical Devices and Equipment, Shanghai MicroPort Medical Group Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Qunsong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jingzhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Hongyan Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Interventional Medical Devices and Equipment, Shanghai MicroPort Medical Group Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Qiyi Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Interventional Medical Devices and Equipment, Shanghai MicroPort Medical Group Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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2
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Cheng Y, Jiao Z, Li M, Xia M, Zhou Z, Song P, Xu Q, Wei Z. A new class of nucleating agents for poly(L-lactic acid): Environmentally-friendly metal salts with biomass-derived ligands and advanced nucleation ability. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:1599-1606. [PMID: 36427622 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Adding nucleating agents has been a successful strategy to boost the heat resistance of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) by increasing the crystallinity. In this study, a new series of bio-based complexes as nucleating agents for PLLA, including twelve combinations of three eco-friendly metal ions (Zn, Mg, Ca) and four biomass-derived α-hydroxy acids, were successfully synthesized to respectively investigate the effects of metal ions as well as ligands on nucleation capacity of complexes. By investigating the non-isothermal and isothermal crystallization at 135 °C of PLLA with 0.3 wt% loading of complexes, both zinc and magnesium salts of L-mandelic acid showed excellent nucleation capacities. And magnesium L-mandelate performed better, raising the crystallinity of PLLA to 44.4 % as well as minimizing its crystallization half-time from 73 min to 2.7 min. The growth and denser distribution of PLLA spherulites on the salt surface were also observed by POM, reflecting epitaxial nucleation as the possible mechanism. A novel inspiration, utilizing VESTA software to simulate the crystal structure of zinc L-mandelate (Zn(L-MA)2), was proposed to determine the nucleation mechanism. Also, using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as a test protocol, the rationality of the model could be approved by checking the fitness of nucleating prediction and experiment results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cheng
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ziyue Jiao
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Mingjun Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Mingze Xia
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ping Song
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Petrochemical Research Institute, Petro China Co Ltd., Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Zhiyong Wei
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
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3
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Synchrotron X-ray-analyzed inner structure of polyethylene spherulites and atomistic simulation of a trigger of the lamellar twisting phenomenon. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-022-00710-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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4
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Nagarajan S, Li H, Woo EM, Chuang W, Tsai YW. Single Crystals Self‐Assembled to Sector‐Face Dendritic Aggregates by Synchrotron Microbeam X‐ray Analysis on Poly(ethylene succinate). MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Nagarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan
| | - Hsiao‐Hua Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan
| | - Eamor M. Woo
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan
| | - Wei‐Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC) 101 Hsin‐Ann Road Hsinchu 30076 Taiwan
| | - Yi Wei Tsai
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC) 101 Hsin‐Ann Road Hsinchu 30076 Taiwan
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5
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Xuzhen Z, Xin W, Chenmeng Z, Wenjian H, Yong L. Defects in polylactide spherulites: Ring line cracks and micropores. Polym Degrad Stab 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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6
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Li L, Zhang S, Xue M, Sun X, Ren Z, Li H, Huang Q, Yan S. Band Spacing in Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and Its Blends with Poly(propylene carbonate): Dependence on Thermal Processing. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:11167-11174. [PMID: 31414809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The band spherulites grown in neat poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and its blends with poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) were observed by polarized optical microscopy. For the spherulites in neat PHB, it is evident that the band spacing increases first and then decreases with melting time. As the melting time is within 7 min, the band spacing increases continuously, which should be attributed to increasing mobility of polymer chains or decreasing viscosity of the melt. When the melting time is prolonged, evident thermal degradation of PHB occurs and results in a great deal of noncrystalline fractions, which is similar with addition of miscible amorphous polymers in the melt, and the band spacing decreases accordingly. The thermal degradation of PHB cannot, however, be detected by a thermogravimetric analyzer because of less volatile productions. An evident decrease of molecular weight can be measured by gel permeation chromatography, indicating occurrence of serious degradation. The decrease of crystallization and melting temperature revealed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) also prove the thermal degradation. For spherulites in PHB/PPC blends, however, the variation of band spacing differs from that in neat PHB. The band spacing increases continuously when melting time is within 15 min. The crystallization and melting behaviors are not influenced greatly by prolonging melting time in PHB/PPC blends. The variations of Mw for PHB/PPC are slighter than those of the neat PHB and PPC upon heating at 190 °C. Combined with the corresponding DSC results, it is conjectured that blending may prohibit the degradation of PHB to some extent. An intermolecular interaction can be detected between PHB and PPC via Fouriertransform infrared spectra and should help to avoid degradation of PHB to a certain degree. The present results may help widen the applications of PHB and shed some light on understanding the formation mechanism of the band for aliphatic polyester polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Heze University , Heze 274015 , China
| | - Shujing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Meiling Xue
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics , Qingdao University of Science & Technology , Qingdao 266042 , China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Zhongjie Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Huihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Qigu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Shouke Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics , Qingdao University of Science & Technology , Qingdao 266042 , China
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7
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Analysis of molecular orientation in polymeric spherulite using polarized micro attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopic imaging. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1065:79-89. [PMID: 31005154 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Micro ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging enables the visualization of two-dimensional chemical distribution at a higher spatial resolution than macro-transmission FTIR imaging approach. In this study, micro ATR-FTIR imaging was applied for analysis of a specific morphology in a spherulite of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). The PHB spherulites crystallized at an isothermal condition, showed the fine band structure due to the twisting lamellar crystals during the spherulite growth under the polarized optical microscope (POM). In addition, the band structure observed in the PHB spherulite was the double band pattern in which the higher and lower birefringence banded areas alternatively appear due to the three-dimensional orientation of crystallographic axes and the biaxial refractive index ellipsoid of PHB crystalline structure. Micro ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging was employed for detecting the double band structure in the PHB spherulite. However, the obtained spectral images did not indicate any band structures. To detect the difference of molecular orientation among the double band structures, the micro ATR-FTIR imaging was performed with a linear polarizer at four different angles. The mean values of absorbance in each measured area changed depending on the polarizer angle. The in-plane molecular orientation to the tangential direction of spherulite, caused by the dependence of the average absorbance on the polarizer angles, was determined by the position of measured area in the spherulite and the linear dicroism of each of the spectral band used. To visualize the small difference of molecular orientation in the double band structure, micro ATR-FTIR images of the dichroic differences at three spectral bands were calculated from two different sets of polarizer angles. The micro ATR-FTIR images representing the dichroic differences displayed their corresponding distributions among three spectral bands. The complementary distributions of the dichroic difference were caused by the crystallographic orientation of b- and c-axes and were successfully visualized to reveal the pattern with the features less than 10 μm in size. The results achieved in this study were due to two advantages of the polarized micro ATR-FTIR imaging: the high spatial resolution of micro ATR-FTIR imaging technique, and the high sensitivity of polarization measurements. Thus, this work demonstrates the power of this spectroscopic approach for such analytical investigation.
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8
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Woo EM, Lugito G, Chang SM. Three-dimensional interior analyses on periodically banded spherulites of poly(dodecamethylene terephthalate). CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce02226c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polarized optical, atomic force, and scanning electron microscopy images showing the correlations of three-dimensional crystal arrangements with optical properties exhibited by poly(dodecamethylene terephthalate).
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Affiliation(s)
- E. M. Woo
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan 701-01
- Taiwan
| | - G. Lugito
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan 701-01
- Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
| | - S. M. Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan 701-01
- Taiwan
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9
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Glova AD, Falkovich SG, Dmitrienko DI, Lyulin AV, Larin SV, Nazarychev VM, Karttunen M, Lyulin SV. Scale-Dependent Miscibility of Polylactide and Polyhydroxybutyrate: Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Artyom D. Glova
- Institute
of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoj
pr. V.O., 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stanislav G. Falkovich
- Institute
of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoj
pr. V.O., 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Daniil I. Dmitrienko
- Faculty
of Physics, Saint-Petersburg University, Ulyanovskaya str. 1, Petrodvorets, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexey V. Lyulin
- Theory
of Polymers and Soft Matter Group, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sergey V. Larin
- Institute
of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoj
pr. V.O., 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Victor M. Nazarychev
- Institute
of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoj
pr. V.O., 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikko Karttunen
- Institute
of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoj
pr. V.O., 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department
of Chemistry and Department of Applied Mathematics, Western University, 1151 Richmond St., London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Sergey V. Lyulin
- Institute
of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoj
pr. V.O., 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Faculty
of Physics, Saint-Petersburg University, Ulyanovskaya str. 1, Petrodvorets, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
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10
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Organization of Twisting Lamellar Crystals in Birefringent Banded Polymer Spherulites: A Mini-Review. CRYSTALS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst7080241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this mini-review, we summarize the evidences of lamellar twisting in the birefringent banded polymer spherulites demonstrated by various characterization techniques, such as polarized optical microscopy, real-time atomic force microscopy, micro-focus wide angle X-ray diffraction, etc. The real-time observation of lamellar growth under atomic force microscopy unveiled the fine details of lamellar twisting and branching in the banded spherulites of poly(R-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-17 mol% R-3-hydroxyhexanoate). Organization of the twisting lamellar crystals in the banded spherulites was revealed as well. The lamellar crystals change the orientation via twisting rather than the macro screw dislocations. In fact, macro screw dislocation provides the mechanism of synchronous twisting of neighboring lamellar crystals. The driving force of lamellar twisting is attributed to the anisotropic and unbalanced surface stresses. Besides molecular chirality, variation of the growth axis and the chemical groups on lamellar surface can change the distribution of the surface stresses, and thus may invert the handedness of lamellar twisting. Thus, based on both experimental results and physical reasoning, the relation between crystal chirality and chemical molecular structures has been suggested, via the bridge of the distribution of surface stresses. The factors affecting band spacing are briefly discussed. Some remaining questions and the perspective of the topic are highlighted.
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11
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Wang HF, Chiang CH, Hsu WC, Wen T, Chuang WT, Lotz B, Li MC, Ho RM. Handedness of Twisted Lamella in Banded Spherulite of Chiral Polylactides and Their Blends. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Fang Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hung Chiang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Hsu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tao Wen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron
Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Bernard Lotz
- Institut
Charles Sadron, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 23, Rue
du Lœss, F67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Ming-Chia Li
- Department
of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Ming Ho
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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12
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Wang M, Vantasin S, Wang J, Sato H, Zhang J, Ozaki Y. Distribution of Polymorphic Crystals in the Ring-Banded Spherulites of Poly(butylene adipate) Studied Using High-Resolution Raman Imaging. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengfan Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Sanpon Vantasin
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Jiping Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao City 266042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Harumi Sato
- Graduate
School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, 3-11 Tsurukabuto, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao City 266042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
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14
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Crystal Polymorphism and Morphology of Polylactides. SYNTHESIS, STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF POLY(LACTIC ACID) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2016_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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15
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Song P, Sang L, Zheng L, Wang C, Liu K, Wei Z. Insight into the role of bound water of a nucleating agent in polymer nucleation: a comparative study of anhydrous and monohydrated orotic acid on crystallization of poly(l-lactic acid). RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02617j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The bound water of orotic acid and its dehydration transition play a negative role in nucleation effects on PLLA crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- North University of China
- Taiyuan 030051
- China
| | - Lin Sang
- School of Automotive Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Liuchun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- North University of China
- Taiyuan 030051
- China
| | - Kankan Liu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- North University of China
- Taiyuan 030051
- China
| | - Zhiyong Wei
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
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16
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Cracks in Polymer Spherulites: Phenomenological Mechanisms in Correlation with Ring Bands. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:polym8090329. [PMID: 30974604 PMCID: PMC6432466 DOI: 10.3390/polym8090329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reviews possible mechanisms of various crack forms and their likely correlations with interior crystal lamellae and discontinuous interfaces in spherulites. Complex yet periodically repetitive patterns of cracks in spherulites are beyond attributions via differences in thermal expansion coefficients, which would cause random and irregular cracks in the contract direction only. Cracks in brittle polymers such as poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA), or poly(4-hydroxyl butyrate) (PHB), or more ductile polymers such as poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) are examined and illustrated, although for focus and demonstration, more discussions are spent on PLLA. The cracks can take many shapes that bear extremely striking similarity to the ring-band or lamellar patterns in the same spherulites. Crack patterns may differ significantly between the ring-banded and ringless spherulites, suggesting that the cracks may be partially shaped and governed by interfaces of lamellae and how the lamellar crystals assemble themselves in spherulites. Similarly, with some exceptions, most of the cracks patterns in PHB or PTT are also highly guided by the lamellar assembly in either ring-banded spherulites or ringless spherulites. Some exceptions of cracks in spherulites deviating from the apparent crystal birefringence patterns do exist; nevertheless, discontinuous interfaces in the initial lamellae neat the nuclei center might be hidden by top crystal over-layers of the spherulites, which might govern crack propagation.
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18
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Di Lorenzo ML, Rubino P, Immirzi B, Luijkx R, Hélou M, Androsch R. Influence of chain structure on crystal polymorphism of poly(lactic acid). Part 2. Effect of molecular mass on the crystal growth rate and semicrystalline morphology. Colloid Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-015-3709-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Formation of banded and non-banded poly(l-lactic acid) spherulites during crystallization of films of poly(l-lactic acid)/poly(ethylene oxide) blends. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Shtukenberg AG, Punin YO, Gujral A, Kahr B. Wachstumsinduziertes Biegen und Verwinden von Einkristallen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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21
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Shtukenberg AG, Punin YO, Gujral A, Kahr B. Growth actuated bending and twisting of single crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:672-99. [PMID: 24382661 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Crystals of a variety of substances including elements, minerals, simple salts, organic molecular crystals, and high polymers forgo long-range translational order by twisting and bending as they grow. These deviations have been observed in crystals ranging in size from nanometers to centimeters. How and why so many materials choose dramatic non-crystallographic distortions is analyzed, with an emphasis on crystal chemistries that give rise to stresses operating either on surfaces of crystallites or within the bulk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G Shtukenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, Room 1001, New York City, NY 10003 (USA).
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22
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Bartczak Z, Galeski A, Kowalczuk M, Sobota M, Malinowski R. Tough blends of poly(lactide) and amorphous poly([R,S]-3-hydroxy butyrate) – morphology and properties. Eur Polym J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Bordiga S, Groppo E, Agostini G, van Bokhoven JA, Lamberti C. Reactivity of Surface Species in Heterogeneous Catalysts Probed by In Situ X-ray Absorption Techniques. Chem Rev 2013; 113:1736-850. [DOI: 10.1021/cr2000898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 488] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bordiga
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, Università di Torino and INSTM Reference Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Groppo
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, Università di Torino and INSTM Reference Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Agostini
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, Università di Torino and INSTM Reference Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Jeroen A. van Bokhoven
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, HCI E127 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry (LSK) Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Instituteaul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Lamberti
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, Università di Torino and INSTM Reference Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
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24
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Tri PN, Domenek S, Guinault A, Sollogoub C. Crystallization behavior of poly(lactide)/poly(β-hydroxybutyrate)/talc composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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25
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The effects of the low-molecular-weight component on banded spherulites of poly(l-lactic acid). Colloid Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-012-2886-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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26
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Physical Properties, Structure Analysis, and Enzymatic Degradation of Poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyvalerate] Films and Fibers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2012-1114.ch011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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27
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Song P, Chen G, Wei Z, Chang Y, Zhang W, Liang J. Rapid crystallization of poly(l-lactic acid) induced by a nanoscaled zinc citrate complex as nucleating agent. POLYMER 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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28
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Correlation of crack patterns and ring bands in spherulites of low molecular weight poly(l-lactic acid). Colloid Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-011-2544-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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29
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Rosenthal M, Bar G, Burghammer M, Ivanov DA. On the Nature of Chirality Imparted to Achiral Polymers by the Crystallization Process. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201102814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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30
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Rosenthal M, Bar G, Burghammer M, Ivanov DA. On the Nature of Chirality Imparted to Achiral Polymers by the Crystallization Process. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:8881-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201102814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Revised: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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31
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Ye HM, Xu J, Freudenthal J, Kahr B. On the circular birefringence of polycrystalline polymers: polylactide. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:13848-51. [PMID: 21838269 DOI: 10.1021/ja205159u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The circular birefringence of polycrystalline polymers is invariably obscured by strong linear birefringence. To parse the two mechanisms of light retardation, polycrystalline spherulites of polylactide enantiomers were analyzed by Mueller matrix microscopy. Polymer films are barely optically active in normal incidence, but if illuminated obliquely they become strongly optically active. Opposite hemispheres have oppositely signed circular birefringence. The sign is independent of the enantiomer but dependent on the sense of the sample's tilt. These observations are consistent with light path inhomogeneities resulting from stacked, mis-oriented lamellae. Chiroptical commonalities based on symmetry arguments are discussed among polylactide, a single oriented water molecule, and microfabricated metamaterial arrays, as well as the first physical model of optical activity, Reusch's pile of mica plates. The latter model provides the best explanation of the circular birefringence of polylactide spherulites. The only data on the optical rotation of crystalline polymers to date come from ostensible single crystals of polylactide. The enormous, anisotropic optical rotations observed previously are in quantitative agreement with misoriented lamellae observed here. Limitations of parsing circularly birefringent systems into those showing 'natural optical activity' and those others, somehow 'unnatural', are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Mu Ye
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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32
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Nurkhamidah S, Woo EM. Cracks and Ring Bands of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) on Precrystallized Poly(l-lactic acid) Template. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie1024547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nurkhamidah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - E. M. Woo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
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33
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Shtukenberg A, Gunn E, Gazzano M, Freudenthal J, Camp E, Sours R, Rosseeva E, Kahr B. Bernauer's bands. Chemphyschem 2011; 12:1558-71. [PMID: 21370378 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201000963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Ferdinand Bernauer proposed in his monograph, "Gedrillte" Kristalle (1929), that a great number of simple, crystalline substances grow from solution or from the melt as polycrystalline spherulites with helically twisting radii that give rise to distinct bull's-eye patterns of concentric optical bands between crossed polarizers. The idea that many common molecular crystals can be induced to grow as mesoscale helices is a remarkable proposition poorly grounded in theories of polycrystalline pattern formation. Recent reinvestigation of one of the systems Bernauer described revealed that rhythmic precipitation in the absence of helical twisting accounted for modulated optical properties [Gunn, E. et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 14234-14235]. Herein, the Bernauer hypothesis is re-examined in detail for three substances described in "Gedrillte" Kristalle, potassium dichromate, hippuric acid, and tetraphenyl lead, using contemporary methods of analysis not available to Bernauer, including micro-focus X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and Mueller matrix imaging polarimetry. Potassium dichromate is shown to fall in the class of rhythmic precipitates of undistorted crystallites, while hippuric acid spherulites are well described as helical fibrils. Tetraphenyl lead spherulites grow by twisting and rhythmic precipitation. The behavior of tetraphenyl lead is likely typical of many substances in "Gedrillte" Kristalle. Rhythmic precipitation and helical twisting often coexist, complicating optical analyses and presenting Bernauer with difficulties in the characterization and classification of the objects of his interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Shtukenberg
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, Room 1001, New York, NY 10003, USA.
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34
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Effects of molten poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) on crystalline morphology in stereocomplex of poly(L-lactic acid) with poly(D-lactic acid). POLYMER 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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35
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Chen HB, Chen L, Zhang Y, Zhang JJ, Wang YZ. Morphology and interference color in spherulite of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) copolyester with bulky linking pendent group. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:11067-75. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02176h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Shtukenberg AG, Freudenthal J, Kahr B. Reversible Twisting during Helical Hippuric Acid Crystal Growth. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:9341-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja101491n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G. Shtukenberg
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003 and Crystallography Department, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb., 7/9, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - John Freudenthal
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003 and Crystallography Department, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb., 7/9, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Bart Kahr
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003 and Crystallography Department, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb., 7/9, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia
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37
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Xiao H, Lu W, Yeh JT. Crystallization behavior of fully biodegradable poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) blends. J Appl Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/app.29800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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38
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Li Y, Liu X, Chao D, Cui L, Zhang W. Morphology and Structure of Ring-banded Spherulites Obtained by Solvent Evaporation in PLLA/PAAC Blend Films. Polym J 2008. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.pj2008146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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39
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Nozue Y, Shinohara Y, Amemiya Y. Application of Microbeam Small- and Wide-angle X-ray Scattering to Polymeric Material Characterization. Polym J 2007. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.pj2007077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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40
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41
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Lu J, Qiu Z, Yang W. Fully biodegradable blends of poly(l-lactide) and poly(ethylene succinate): Miscibility, crystallization, and mechanical properties. POLYMER 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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42
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Furukawa T, Sato H, Murakami R, Zhang J, Noda I, Ochiai S, Ozaki Y. Comparison of miscibility and structure of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)/poly(l-lactic acid) blends with those of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/poly(l-lactic acid) blends studied by wide angle X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and FTIR microspectroscopy. POLYMER 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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43
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Furukawa T, Sato H, Shinzawa H, Noda I, Ochiai S. Evaluation of Homogeneity of Binary Blends of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and Poly(L-lactic acid) Studied by Near Infrared Chemical Imaging (NIRCI). ANAL SCI 2007; 23:871-6. [PMID: 17625333 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.23.871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The homogeneity of blends of poly((R)-3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) was evaluated by the near infrared chemical imaging (NIRCI) technique. NIRCI can nondestructively investigate a sample over a wide field of view within a few minutes to acquire a large number of spatially resolved NIR spectral data. NIRCI may be combined with multivariate analysis not only for qualitative analysis but also for statistically based quantitative analysis. The score images derived from the partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis directly show that PHB/PLLA blends are highly homogeneous. The standard deviations (STD) of the histograms, indicating the distribution of the score values, show small values for the blends. These results qualitatively and quantitatively show the high level of homogeneity of PHB/PLLA blends. The predictions of the spatially averaged concentrations of the blend components obtained from PLSR results show values similar to the actual contents for the blends. The small errors of the predictions are also explained by STD values.
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44
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Wang Y, Mano JF. Banded spherulites in poly(L-lactic acid): Effects of the crystallization temperature and molecular weight. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.26494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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45
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Rychter P, Biczak R, Herman B, Smyłła A, Kurcok P, Adamus G, Kowalczuk M. Environmental Degradation of Polyester Blends Containing Atactic Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate). Biodegradation in Soil and Ecotoxicological Impact. Biomacromolecules 2006; 7:3125-31. [PMID: 17096541 DOI: 10.1021/bm060708r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The degradation of poly[(R,S)-3-hydroxybutyrate], a-PHB, binary blends with natural PHB (n-PHB) and poly(L-lactic acid), PLLA, respectively, has been investigated in soil. In such a natural environment, a-PHB blend component was found to biodegrade. The degradation of a-PHB-containing blends proceeded faster than that of respective plain n-PHB and PLLA. The molecular weight decrease of the n-PHB component was higher, while the same rate of bioerosion of both components was observed for the a-PHB/n-PHB binary blend. For the a-PHB blend with PLLA, the weight loss was accompanied by blend composition changes and the decrease of a-PHB content. However, the PLLA molecular weight decrease was lower in the blend in comparison with the plain PLLA sample. The increase of the number of microorganisms particularly observed for the soil where binary blends were incubated indicates that microbial degradation of a-PHB takes place. The terrestrial plant growth test (cress and barley) demonstrates no environmental toxicity of the materials studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Rychter
- Institute of Chemistry and Environment Protection, Jan Długosz University, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Avenue, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
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46
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Iwata T, Aoyagi Y, Tanaka T, Fujita M, Takeuchi A, Suzuki Y, Uesugi K. Microbeam X-ray Diffraction and Enzymatic Degradation of Poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] Fibers with Two Kinds of Molecular Conformations. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma060908v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tadahisa Iwata
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, and Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun,Hyogo 678-5198, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Aoyagi
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, and Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun,Hyogo 678-5198, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Tanaka
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, and Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun,Hyogo 678-5198, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fujita
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, and Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun,Hyogo 678-5198, Japan
| | - Akihisa Takeuchi
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, and Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun,Hyogo 678-5198, Japan
| | - Yoshio Suzuki
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, and Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun,Hyogo 678-5198, Japan
| | - Kentaro Uesugi
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, and Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun,Hyogo 678-5198, Japan
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47
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Aou K, Hsu SL. Trichroic Vibrational Analysis on the α-Form of Poly(lactic acid) Crystals Using Highly Oriented Fibers and Spherulites. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma052058+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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48
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Tanaka T, Fujita M, Takeuchi A, Suzuki Y, Uesugi K, Ito K, Fujisawa T, Doi Y, Iwata T. Formation of Highly Ordered Structure in Poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyvalerate] High-Strength Fibers. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0527505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshihisa Tanaka
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan; and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Harima Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fujita
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan; and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Harima Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Akihisa Takeuchi
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan; and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Harima Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Yoshio Suzuki
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan; and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Harima Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Kentaro Uesugi
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan; and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Harima Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ito
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan; and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Harima Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Fujisawa
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan; and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Harima Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Doi
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan; and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Harima Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Tadahisa Iwata
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan; and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Harima Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
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49
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He Y, Fan Z, Wei J, Li S. Morphology and melt crystallization of poly(L-lactide) obtained by ring opening polymerization ofL-lactide with zinc catalyst. POLYM ENG SCI 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.20617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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50
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Xu J, Guo BH, Zhou JJ, Li L, Wu J, Kowalczuk M. Observation of banded spherulites in pure poly(l-lactide) and its miscible blends with amorphous polymers. POLYMER 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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