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Li J, Tian X, Hua T, Fu J, Koo M, Chan W, Poon T. Chitosan Natural Polymer Material for Improving Antibacterial Properties of Textiles. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:4014-4038. [PMID: 35006820 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the textile industry has been seeking to develop innovative products. It is a good choice to organically combine materials with superior functional characteristics and commercial textiles to form products with excellent performance. In particular, textiles made of biological functional materials are often beneficial to human health, which is an interesting research direction. As a biopolymer material, chitosan has the advantages of strong availability, low cost, excellent safety, outstanding performance, etc., particularly the antibacterial property, and has broad application prospects in the textile field. This review provides an overview of the latest literature and summarizes recent innovations and state-of-the-art technologies that can add value to textiles. To this end, preparation of chitosan fiber, synthesis of chitosan nanofiber, antibacterial activity of chitosan fiber, antibacterial activity of chitosan nanofiber, etc., will be discussed. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects of chitosan-based materials used in textiles are evaluated. Importantly, this review can not only help researchers understand the development status of antibacterial textiles, but also help researchers discover and solve problems in this field through comparative reading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Li
- Nanotechnology Center, Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao Tian
- Nanotechnology Center, Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Hua
- Nanotechnology Center, Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jimin Fu
- Nanotechnology Center, Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingkin Koo
- Nanotechnology Center, Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wingming Chan
- Nanotechnology Center, Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tszyin Poon
- Nanotechnology Center, Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
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2
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Qin Y, Li P, Guo Z. Cationic chitosan derivatives as potential antifungals: A review of structural optimization and applications. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 236:116002. [PMID: 32172836 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The increasing resistance of pathogen fungi poses a global public concern. There are several limitations in current antifungals, including few available fungicides, severe toxicity of some fungicides, and drug resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new antifungals with novel targets. Chitosan has been recognized as a potential antifungal substance due to its good biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and availability in abundance, but its applications are hampered by the low charge density results in low solubility at physiological pH. It is believed that enhancing the positive charge density of chitosan may be the most effective approach to improve both its solubility and antifungal activity. Hence, this review mainly focuses on the structural optimization strategy of cationic chitosan and the potential antifungal applications. This review also assesses and comments on the challenges, shortcomings, and prospect of cationic chitosan derivatives as antifungal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Zhanyong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China.
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3
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Riaz Rajoka MS, Mehwish HM, Wu Y, Zhao L, Arfat Y, Majeed K, Anwaar S. Chitin/chitosan derivatives and their interactions with microorganisms: a comprehensive review and future perspectives. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:365-379. [PMID: 31948287 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1713719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan, obtained as a result of the deacetylation of chitin, one of the most important naturally occurring polymers, has antimicrobial properties against fungi, and bacteria. It is also useful in other fields, including: food, biomedicine, biotechnology, agriculture, and the pharmaceutical industries. A literature survey shows that its antimicrobial activity depends upon several factors such as: the pH, temperature, molecular weight, ability to chelate metals, degree of deacetylation, source of chitosan, and the type of microorganism involved. This review will focus on the in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial properties of chitosan and its derivatives, along with a discussion on its mechanism of action during the treatment of infectious animal diseases, as well as its importance in food safety. We conclude with a summary of the challenges associated with the uses of chitosan and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid Riaz Rajoka
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and System of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Hafiza Mahreen Mehwish
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Novel Health Care Product; Engineering Laboratory of Shenzhen Natural Small Molecules Innovative Drugs, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiguang Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqing Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yasir Arfat
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, People's Republic of China
| | - Kashif Majeed
- The Department of Applied Chemistry School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, X'ian, People's Republic of China
| | - Shoaib Anwaar
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biological Therapy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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4
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Rizeq BR, Younes NN, Rasool K, Nasrallah GK. Synthesis, Bioapplications, and Toxicity Evaluation of Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5776. [PMID: 31744157 PMCID: PMC6888098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of advanced nanomaterials and technologies is essential in biomedical engineering to improve the quality of life. Chitosan-based nanomaterials are on the forefront and attract wide interest due to their versatile physicochemical characteristics such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity, which play a promising role in biological applications. Chitosan and its derivatives are employed in several applications including pharmaceuticals and biomedical engineering. This article presents a comprehensive overview of recent advances in chitosan derivatives and nanoparticle synthesis, as well as emerging applications in medicine, tissue engineering, drug delivery, gene therapy, and cancer therapy. In addition to the applications, we critically review the main concerns and mitigation strategies related to chitosan bactericidal properties, toxicity/safety using tissue cultures and animal models, and also their potential environmental impact. At the end of this review, we also provide some of future directions and conclusions that are important for expanding the field of biomedical applications of the chitosan nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balsam R. Rizeq
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar;
- Biomedical Research Center, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nadin N. Younes
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar;
| | - Kashif Rasool
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), P.O. Box 5825, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gheyath K. Nasrallah
- Biomedical Research Center, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar;
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5
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Sahariah P, Másson M. Antimicrobial Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives: A Review of the Structure–Activity Relationship. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:3846-3868. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 434] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sahariah
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Már Másson
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
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6
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Recent developments in antibacterial and antifungal chitosan and its derivatives. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 164:268-283. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 447] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Kulkarni AD, Patel HM, Surana SJ, Vanjari YH, Belgamwar VS, Pardeshi CV. N,N,N-Trimethyl chitosan: An advanced polymer with myriad of opportunities in nanomedicine. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 157:875-902. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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Sahariah P, Benediktssdóttir BE, Hjálmarsdóttir MÁ, Sigurjonsson OE, Sørensen KK, Thygesen MB, Jensen KJ, Másson M. Impact of Chain Length on Antibacterial Activity and Hemocompatibility of Quaternary N-Alkyl and N,N-Dialkyl Chitosan Derivatives. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:1449-60. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sahariah
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Berglind E. Benediktssdóttir
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Martha Á. Hjálmarsdóttir
- Department
of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Stapi, Hringbraut 31, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Olafur E. Sigurjonsson
- The
REModeL Lab, The Blood Bank, Landspitali University Hospital, Snorrabraut 60, 105 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Institute
of Biomedical and Neural Engineering, Reykjavik University, Menntavegur
1, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Kasper K. Sørensen
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Centre for Carbohydrate Recognition
and Signalling, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Fredriksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikkel B. Thygesen
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Centre for Carbohydrate Recognition
and Signalling, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Fredriksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Knud J. Jensen
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Centre for Carbohydrate Recognition
and Signalling, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Fredriksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Már Másson
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
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9
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Muhsin MDA, George G, Beagley K, Ferro V, Armitage C, Islam N. Synthesis and Toxicological Evaluation of a Chitosan-l-Leucine Conjugate for Pulmonary Drug Delivery Applications. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:3596-607. [DOI: 10.1021/bm5008635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad D. A. Muhsin
- Institute
of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
- Pharmacy
Discipline, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Graeme George
- Institute
of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Kenneth Beagley
- Institute
of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Vito Ferro
- School
of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Charles Armitage
- Institute
of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Nazrul Islam
- Institute
of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
- Pharmacy
Discipline, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
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10
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The effect of substituent, degree of acetylation and positioning of the cationic charge on the antibacterial activity of quaternary chitosan derivatives. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:4635-58. [PMID: 25196937 PMCID: PMC4145335 DOI: 10.3390/md12084635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of water-soluble cationic chitosan derivatives were prepared by chemoselective functionalization at the amino group of five different parent chitosans having varying degrees of acetylation and molecular weight. The quaternary moieties were introduced at different alkyl spacer lengths from the polymer backbone (C-0, C-2 and C-6) with the aid of 3,6-di-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl protection of the chitosan backbone, thus allowing full (100%) substitution of the free amino groups. All of the derivatives were characterized using 1H-NMR, 1H-1H COSY and FT-IR spectroscopy, while molecular weight was determined by GPC. Antibacterial activity was investigated against Gram positive S. aureus and Gram negative E. coli. The relationship between structure and activity/toxicity was defined, considering the effect of the cationic group’s structure and its distance from the polymer backbone, as well as the degree of acetylation within a molecular weight range of 7–23 kDa for the final compounds. The N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan with 100% quaternization showed the highest antibacterial activity with moderate cytotoxicity, while increasing the spacer length reduced the activity. Trimethylammoniumyl quaternary ammonium moieties contributed more to activity than 1-pyridiniumyl moieties. In general, no trend in the antibacterial activity of the compounds with increasing molecular weight or degree of acetylation up to 34% was observed.
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11
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Benediktsdóttir BE, Baldursson Ó, Másson M. Challenges in evaluation of chitosan and trimethylated chitosan (TMC) as mucosal permeation enhancers: From synthesis to in vitro application. J Control Release 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Chemical modification of polysaccharides. ISRN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2013; 2013:417672. [PMID: 24151557 PMCID: PMC3787328 DOI: 10.1155/2013/417672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This review covers methods for modifying the structures of polysaccharides. The introduction of hydrophobic, acidic, basic, or other functionality into polysaccharide structures can alter the properties of materials based on these substances. The development of chemical methods to achieve this aim is an ongoing area of research that is expected to become more important as the emphasis on using renewable starting materials and sustainable processes increases in the future. The methods covered in this review include ester and ether formation using saccharide oxygen nucleophiles, including enzymatic reactions and aspects of regioselectivity; the introduction of heteroatomic nucleophiles into polysaccharide chains; the oxidation of polysaccharides, including oxidative glycol cleavage, chemical oxidation of primary alcohols to carboxylic acids, and enzymatic oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes; reactions of uronic-acid-based polysaccharides; nucleophilic reactions of the amines of chitosan; and the formation of unsaturated polysaccharide derivatives.
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13
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Chitosan conjugates with biologically active compounds: design strategies, properties, and targeted drug delivery. Russ Chem Bull 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-012-0109-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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14
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Gaware VS, Håkerud M, Leósson K, Jónsdóttir S, Høgset A, Berg K, Másson M. Tetraphenylporphyrin Tethered Chitosan Based Carriers for Photochemical Transfection. J Med Chem 2013; 56:807-19. [DOI: 10.1021/jm301270r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek S. Gaware
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53,
IS-107 Reykjavík, Iceland
- PCI Biotech AS, N-1366 Lysaker,
Norway
| | - Monika Håkerud
- PCI Biotech AS, N-1366 Lysaker,
Norway
- Oslo University Hospital,
The
Norwegian Radium Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research, Department
of Radiation Biology, N-0310 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristján Leósson
- Department of Physics, Science
Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Sigrídur Jónsdóttir
- Department of Chemistry, Science
Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Kristian Berg
- Oslo University Hospital,
The
Norwegian Radium Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research, Department
of Radiation Biology, N-0310 Oslo, Norway
| | - Már Másson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53,
IS-107 Reykjavík, Iceland
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15
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Umemura T, Hirakawa M, Yoshida Y, Kurita K. Quantitative protection of chitin by one-step tritylation and benzylation to synthesize precursors for chemical modifications. Polym Bull (Berl) 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-012-0719-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Mohy Eldin MS, Soliman EA, Hashem AI, Tamer TM. Antimicrobial activity of novel aminated chitosan derivatives for biomedical applications. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.20264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Finely selective protections and deprotections of multifunctional chitin and chitosan to synthesize key intermediates for regioselective chemical modifications. Carbohydr Polym 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Huang Y, Li L, Fang Y. Self-assembled particles of N-phthaloylchitosan-g-polycaprolactone molecular bottle brushes as carriers for controlled release of indometacin. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2010; 21:557-565. [PMID: 19784761 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-009-3880-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Accepted: 09/17/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A series of amphiphilic N-phthaloylchitosan-g-polycaprolactone molecular bottle brushes were prepared by "graft onto" method. The narrow distribution of polycaprolactone macromonomers ensures that the molecular bottle brushes can self-assemble into highly monodisperse particles, which have the ability to get a high loading efficiency of the hydrophobic drug, indometacin (INN). Searching for the effective drug loading ratio, three parameters such as polycaprolactone chain length, the grafting content and concentration of the molecular bottle brushes were tested to entrap INN. These encapsulated drug particles show sustained release of the encapsulated INN, of which 91.7% was released in 22 h at 37 degrees C in phosphate buffered saline. The self-assembled particles of the molecular bottle brushes as carriers for INN can effectively prevent the drug from releasing quickly and prolong the release time, which is a promising candidate for potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youju Huang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab and College of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
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19
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Amidi M, Mastrobattista E, Jiskoot W, Hennink WE. Chitosan-based delivery systems for protein therapeutics and antigens. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2010; 62:59-82. [PMID: 19925837 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2009.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 403] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2009] [Revised: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 11/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic peptides/proteins and protein-based antigens are chemically and structurally labile compounds, which are almost exclusively administered by parenteral injections. Recently, non-invasive mucosal routes have attracted interest for administration of these biotherapeutics. Chitosan-based delivery systems enhance the absorption and/or cellular uptake of peptides/proteins across mucosal sites and have immunoadjuvant properties. Chitosan is a mucoadhesive polysaccharide capable of opening the tight junctions between epithelial cells and it has functional groups for chemical modifications, which has resulted in a large variety of chitosan derivatives with tunable properties for the aimed applications. This review provides an overview of chitosan-based polymers for preparation of both therapeutic peptides/protein and antigen formulations. The physicochemical properties of these carrier systems as well as their applications in protein and antigen delivery through parenteral and mucosal (particularly nasal and pulmonary) administrations are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Amidi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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20
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Chemoselective protection of chitosan by dichlorophthaloylation: preparation of a key intermediate for chemical modifications. Polym Bull (Berl) 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-009-0056-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21
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Batista MKS, Gallemí M, Adeva A, Gomes CAR, Gomes P. Facile Regioselective Synthesis of a Novel Chitosan–Pexiganan Conjugate with Potential Interest for the Treatment of Infected Skin Lesions. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910802517855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary K. S. Batista
- a CIQUP, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências , Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal
- b LAQUIPAI, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências , Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal
| | - Marçal Gallemí
- a CIQUP, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências , Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal
| | - Alberto Adeva
- c Unitat de Síntesi de Pèptids, Serveis Científicotècnics de la Universitat de Barcelona, Parc Científic de Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos A. R. Gomes
- b LAQUIPAI, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências , Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Gomes
- a CIQUP, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências , Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal
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22
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Másson M, Holappa J, Hjálmarsdóttir M, Rúnarsson ÖV, Nevalainen T, Järvinen T. Antimicrobial activity of piperazine derivatives of chitosan. Carbohydr Polym 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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23
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Korjamo T, Holappa J, Taimisto S, Savolainen J, Järvinen T, Mönkkönen J. Effect of N-betainate and N-piperazine derivatives of chitosan on the paracellular transport of mannitol in Caco-2 cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2008; 35:226-34. [PMID: 18675903 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2008.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2008] [Revised: 07/06/2008] [Accepted: 07/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The effects of novel quaternary chitosan derivatives on the paracellular transport of mannitol and cell viability were studied in the Caco-2 cell model. The N-betainate derivative with the degree of substitution of 0.05 was very effective at 1.0% (w/v) concentration. The activity decreased as the degree of substitution increased. The cytotoxicity of N-betainates was rather low. The N-piperazines were at least equally effective as the N-betainates with a similar degree of substitution (>0.15). Most of the N-piperazines did not exert toxic effects on the cell monolayers. Overall, the inverse proportionality between the degree of substitution and activity suggests that an intact chitosan backbone is essential for the bioactivity of chitosan derivatives. The quaternary group does not substitute for the activity of the free amine group. In particular, the N-betainate derivatives of chitosan should contain only the minimum number of substituents required for water solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Korjamo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland.
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Synthesis, structural characterization and properties of water-soluble N-(γ-propanoyl-amino acid)-chitosans. Carbohydr Polym 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2007.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kurita K, Ikeda H, Shimojoh M, Yang J. N-Phthaloylated Chitosan as an Essential Precursor for Controlled Chemical Modifications of Chitosan: Synthesis and Evaluation. Polym J 2007. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.pj2007032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Binette A, Gagnon J. Regioselective Silylation of N-Phthaloylchitosan with TBDMS and TBDPS Groups. Biomacromolecules 2007; 8:1812-5. [PMID: 17487971 DOI: 10.1021/bm0610976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
N-Phthaloylchitosan represents a key intermediate for the regioselective modification of chitosan in organic media. Chemoselective protection of primary alcohols on N-phthaloylchitosan was achieved with tert-butyldimethylsilyl (TBDMS) and tert-butyldiphenylsilyl (TBDPS) groups in imidazole/DMF and DMAP/pyridine. Influence of experimental conditions such as solvent, choice of base, stoichiometry, temperature, and time of reaction was studied regarding the degree of substitution (ds) of silyl groups. TBDMS groups allow higher ds than TBDPS groups. Higher reaction temperatures in different conditions led to lower ds and incomplete substitution. However, regioselective silylation of N-phthaloylchitosan was realized with ds up to 0.92 at room temperature. Silylated derivatives were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, and CP/MAS 13C NMR spectroscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Binette
- Département de biologie, chimie et géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300, allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, Canada, G5L 3A1
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Guan X, Quan D, Shuai X, Liao K, Mai K. Chitosan-graft-poly(ε-caprolactone)s: An optimized chemical approach leading to a controllable structure and enhanced properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Holappa J, Nevalainen T, Safin R, Soininen P, Asplund T, Luttikhedde T, Másson M, Järvinen T. Novel Water-Soluble Quaternary Piperazine Derivatives of Chitosan: Synthesis and Characterization. Macromol Biosci 2006; 6:139-44. [PMID: 16416463 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200500202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Novel synthesis methods for the preparation of quaternary piperazine derivatives of chitosan were developed. Quaternary ammonium moiety can be selectively inserted into either one or both of the piperazine nitrogens, yielding structurally uniform chitosan derivative structures. Water-soluble end products were thoroughly characterized with FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and 2D 1H-13C HSQC NMR. The molecular weights of the end products were determined by GPC with triple detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jukka Holappa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kuopio, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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Holappa J, Nevalainen T, Soininen P, Másson M, Järvinen T. Synthesis of Novel Quaternary Chitosan Derivatives via N-Chloroacyl-6-O-triphenylmethylchitosans. Biomacromolecules 2005; 7:407-10. [PMID: 16471908 DOI: 10.1021/bm050707j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Various quaternary chitosan derivative structures were synthesized by reacting N-chloroacyl-6-O-triphenylmethylchitosans with tertiary amines. Full substitutions were obtained from the quaternization reactions and the obtained water-soluble quaternary chitosan derivatives were thoroughly characterized with (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, (1)H-(13)C HSQC NMR, and FT-IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jukka Holappa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kuopio, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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