1
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She JW, Young CM, Chou SJ, Wu YR, Lin YT, Huang TY, Shen MY, Chen CY, Yang YP, Chien Y, Ayalew H, Liao WH, Tung YC, Shyue JJ, Chiou SH, Yu HH. Gradient conducting polymer surfaces with netrin-1-conjugation promote axon guidance and neuron transmission of human iPSC-derived retinal ganglion cells. Biomaterials 2024; 313:122770. [PMID: 39226653 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Major advances have been made in utilizing human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) for regenerative medicine. Nevertheless, the delivery and integration of hiPSCs into target tissues remain significant challenges, particularly in the context of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) restoration. In this study, we introduce a promising avenue for providing directional guidance to regenerated cells in the retina. First, we developed a technique for construction of gradient interfaces based on functionalized conductive polymers, which could be applied with various functionalized ehthylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomers. Using a tree-shaped channel encapsulated with a thin PDMS and a specially designed electrochemical chamber, gradient flow generation could be converted into a functionalized-PEDOT gradient film by cyclic voltammetry. The characteristics of the successfully fabricated gradient flow and surface were analyzed using fluorescent labels, time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Remarkably, hiPSC-RGCs seeded on PEDOT exhibited improvements in neurite outgrowth, axon guidance and neuronal electrophysiology measurements. These results suggest that our novel gradient PEDOT may be used with hiPSC-based technologies as a potential biomedical engineering scaffold for functional restoration of RGCs in retinal degenerative diseases and optic neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei She
- Smart Organic Materials Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan; Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Nano Science & Technology Program, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan; Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Guangfu Road, East District, 300, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Mei Young
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jie Chou
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - You-Ren Wu
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Lin
- Smart Organic Materials Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yang Huang
- Smart Organic Materials Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Mo-Yuan Shen
- Smart Organic Materials Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ying Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Yueh Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Hailemichael Ayalew
- Smart Organic Materials Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hao Liao
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chung Tung
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Jong Shyue
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan; Genomic Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiao-Hua Yu
- Smart Organic Materials Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
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2
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Luque GC, Picchio ML, Daou B, Lasa-Fernandez H, Criado-Gonzalez M, Querejeta R, Filgueiras-Ramas D, Prato M, Mecerreyes D, Ruiz-Cabello J, Alegret N. Printable Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-Based Conductive Patches for Cardiac Tissue Remodeling. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:34467-34479. [PMID: 38936818 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial cardiopathy is one of the highest disease burdens worldwide. The damaged myocardium has little intrinsic repair ability, and as a result, the distorted muscle loses strength for contraction, producing arrhythmias and fainting, and entails a high risk of sudden death. Permanent implantable conductive hydrogels that can restore contraction strength and conductivity appear to be promising candidates for myocardium functional recovery. In this work, we present a printable cardiac hydrogel that can exert functional effects on networks of cardiac myocytes. The hydrogel matrix was designed from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) dynamically cross-linked with gallic acid (GA) and the conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). The resulting patches exhibited excellent electrical conductivity, elasticity, and mechanical and contractile strengths, which are critical parameters for reinforcing weakened cardiac contraction and impulse propagation. Furthermore, the PVA-GA/PEDOT blend is suitable for direct ink writing via a melting extrusion. As a proof of concept, we have proven the efficiency of the patches in propagating the electrical signal in adult mouse cardiomyocytes through in vitro recordings of intracellular Ca2+ transients during cell stimulation. Finally, the patches were implanted in healthy mouse hearts to demonstrate their accommodation and biocompatibility. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed that the implants did not affect the essential functional parameters after 2 weeks, thus showing great potential for treating cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela C Luque
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC) CONICET, Güemes 3450, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina
| | - Matías L Picchio
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Bahaa Daou
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC) CONICET, Güemes 3450, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina
- IIS Biodonostia, Neurosciences Area, Group of Neuromuscular Diseases, Paseo Dr. Begiristain s/n, San Sebastian 20014, Spain
| | - Haizpea Lasa-Fernandez
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | - Miryam Criado-Gonzalez
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Ramon Querejeta
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa 20014, España
| | - David Filgueiras-Ramas
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM Unit of Trieste, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, Trieste 34127, Italy
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - David Mecerreyes
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruiz-Cabello
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), Madrid 28029, Spain
- NMR and Imaging in Biomedicine Group, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy School, University Complutense Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Nuria Alegret
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- IIS Biodonostia, Neurosciences Area, Group of Neuromuscular Diseases, Paseo Dr. Begiristain s/n, San Sebastian 20014, Spain
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3
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Zhou Z, Liu J, Xiong T, Liu Y, Tuan RS, Li ZA. Engineering Innervated Musculoskeletal Tissues for Regenerative Orthopedics and Disease Modeling. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310614. [PMID: 38200684 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders significantly burden patients and society, resulting in high healthcare costs and productivity loss. These disorders are the leading cause of physical disability, and their prevalence is expected to increase as sedentary lifestyles become common and the global population of the elderly increases. Proper innervation is critical to maintaining MSK function, and nerve damage or dysfunction underlies various MSK disorders, underscoring the potential of restoring nerve function in MSK disorder treatment. However, most MSK tissue engineering strategies have overlooked the significance of innervation. This review first expounds upon innervation in the MSK system and its importance in maintaining MSK homeostasis and functions. This will be followed by strategies for engineering MSK tissues that induce post-implantation in situ innervation or are pre-innervated. Subsequently, research progress in modeling MSK disorders using innervated MSK organoids and organs-on-chips (OoCs) is analyzed. Finally, the future development of engineering innervated MSK tissues to treat MSK disorders and recapitulate disease mechanisms is discussed. This review provides valuable insights into the underlying principles, engineering methods, and applications of innervated MSK tissues, paving the way for the development of targeted, efficacious therapies for various MSK conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Tiandi Xiong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Rocky S Tuan
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Alan Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, P. R. China
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4
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Lu M, Wang X, Sun N, Huang S, Yang L, Li D. Metabolomics of cerebrospinal fluid reveals candidate diagnostic biomarkers to distinguish between spinal muscular atrophy type II and type III. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14718. [PMID: 38615366 PMCID: PMC11016346 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Classification of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is associated with the clinical prognosis; however, objective classification markers are scarce. This study aimed to identify metabolic markers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of children with SMA types II and III. METHODS CSF samples were collected from 40 patients with SMA (27 with type II and 13 with type III) and analyzed for metabolites. RESULTS We identified 135 metabolites associated with SMA types II and III. These were associated with lysine degradation and arginine, proline, and tyrosine metabolism. We identified seven metabolites associated with the Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale: 4-chlorophenylacetic acid, adb-chminaca,(+/-)-, dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid, norethindrone acetate, 4-(undecan-5-yl) benzene-1-sulfonic acid, dihydromaleimide beta-d-glucoside, and cinobufagin. Potential typing biomarkers, N-cyclohexylformamide, cinobufagin, cotinine glucuronide, N-myristoyl arginine, 4-chlorophenylacetic acid, geranic acid, 4-(undecan-5-yl) benzene, and 7,8-diamino pelargonate, showed good predictive performance. Among these, N-myristoyl arginine was unaffected by the gene phenotype. CONCLUSION This study identified metabolic markers are promising candidate prognostic factors for SMA. We also identified the metabolic pathways associated with the severity of SMA. These assessments can help predict the outcomes of screening SMA classification biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Lu
- Department of Pediatricsthe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Xueying Wang
- Department of Pediatricsthe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Na Sun
- Department of Pediatricsthe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Shaoping Huang
- Department of Pediatricsthe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Pediatricsthe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Pediatricsthe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
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5
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Siddiqui AM, Thiele F, Stewart RN, Rangnick S, Weiss GJ, Chen BK, Silvernail JL, Strickland T, Nesbitt JJ, Lim K, Schwarzbauer JE, Schwartz J, Yaszemski MJ, Windebank AJ, Madigan NN. Open-Spaced Ridged Hydrogel Scaffolds Containing TiO 2-Self-Assembled Monolayer of Phosphonates Promote Regeneration and Recovery Following Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10250. [PMID: 37373396 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The spinal cord has a poor ability to regenerate after an injury, which may be due to cell loss, cyst formation, inflammation, and scarring. A promising approach to treating a spinal cord injury (SCI) is the use of biomaterials. We have developed a novel hydrogel scaffold fabricated from oligo(poly(ethylene glycol) fumarate) (OPF) as a 0.08 mm thick sheet containing polymer ridges and a cell-attractive surface on the other side. When the cells are cultured on OPF via chemical patterning, the cells attach, align, and deposit ECM along the direction of the pattern. Animals implanted with the rolled scaffold sheets had greater hindlimb recovery compared to that of the multichannel scaffold control, which is likely due to the greater number of axons growing across it. The immune cell number (microglia or hemopoietic cells: 50-120 cells/mm2 in all conditions), scarring (5-10% in all conditions), and ECM deposits (Laminin or Fibronectin: approximately 10-20% in all conditions) were equal in all conditions. Overall, the results suggest that the scaffold sheets promote axon outgrowth that can be guided across the scaffold, thereby promoting hindlimb recovery. This study provides a hydrogel scaffold construct that can be used in vitro for cell characterization or in vivo for future neuroprosthetics, devices, or cell and ECM delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahad M Siddiqui
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Frederic Thiele
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Program in Human Medicine, Paracelsus Medical Private University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Rachel N Stewart
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Simone Rangnick
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Program in Human Medicine, Paracelsus Medical Private University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Georgina J Weiss
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Program in Human Medicine, Paracelsus Medical Private University, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Bingkun K Chen
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Tammy Strickland
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Kelly Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Jean E Schwarzbauer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Jeffrey Schwartz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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6
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Hasanzadeh E, Seifalian A, Mellati A, Saremi J, Asadpour S, Enderami SE, Nekounam H, Mahmoodi N. Injectable hydrogels in central nervous system: Unique and novel platforms for promoting extracellular matrix remodeling and tissue engineering. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100614. [PMID: 37008830 PMCID: PMC10050787 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Repairing central nervous system (CNS) is difficult due to the inability of neurons to recover after damage. A clinically acceptable treatment to promote CNS functional recovery and regeneration is currently unavailable. According to recent studies, injectable hydrogels as biodegradable scaffolds for CNS tissue engineering and regeneration have exceptionally desirable attributes. Hydrogel has a biomimetic structure similar to extracellular matrix, hence has been considered a 3D scaffold for CNS regeneration. An interesting new type of hydrogel, injectable hydrogels, can be injected into target areas with little invasiveness and imitate several aspects of CNS. Injectable hydrogels are being researched as therapeutic agents because they may imitate numerous properties of CNS tissues and hence reduce subsequent injury and regenerate neural tissue. Because of their less adverse effects and cost, easier use and implantation with less pain, and faster regeneration capacity, injectable hydrogels, are more desirable than non-injectable hydrogels. This article discusses the pathophysiology of CNS and the use of several kinds of injectable hydrogels for brain and spinal cord tissue engineering, paying particular emphasis to recent experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Hasanzadeh
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Alexander Seifalian
- Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine Commercialisation Centre (NanoRegMed Ltd, Nanoloom Ltd, & Liberum Health Ltd), London BioScience Innovation Centre, 2 Royal College Street, London, UK
| | - Amir Mellati
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Jamileh Saremi
- Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Shiva Asadpour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Seyed Ehsan Enderami
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Houra Nekounam
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Mahmoodi
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Does Electrical Stimulation through Nerve Conduits Improve Peripheral Nerve Regeneration?—A Systematic Review. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13030414. [PMID: 36983596 PMCID: PMC10057314 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13030414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Peripheral nerve injuries affect over 2% of trauma patients and can lead to severe functional impairment and permanent disability. Autologous nerve transplantation is still the gold standard in the reconstruction of nerve defects. For small defects, conduits can be considered for bridging. Lately, the combined use of conduits and electrical stimulation has gained attention in the treatment of peripheral nerve injury. This review aimed to present the currently available data on this topic. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Medline and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies on electrical stimulation through nerve conduits for nerve defects in in vivo studies. Results: Fifteen studies fit the inclusion criteria. All of them reported on the application of nerve conduits combined with stimulation for sciatic nerve gaps in rats. Functional, electrophysiological and histological evaluations showed improved nerve regeneration after electrical stimulation. High variation was observed in the treatment protocols. Conclusion: Electrically stimulated conduits could improve peripheral nerve regeneration in rat models. The combined application of nerve guidance conduits and electrical stimulation shows promising results and should be further evaluated under standardized conditions.
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8
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Dulal M, Afroj S, Ahn J, Cho Y, Carr C, Kim ID, Karim N. Toward Sustainable Wearable Electronic Textiles. ACS NANO 2022; 16:19755-19788. [PMID: 36449447 PMCID: PMC9798870 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Smart wearable electronic textiles (e-textiles) that can detect and differentiate multiple stimuli, while also collecting and storing the diverse array of data signals using highly innovative, multifunctional, and intelligent garments, are of great value for personalized healthcare applications. However, material performance and sustainability, complicated and difficult e-textile fabrication methods, and their limited end-of-life processability are major challenges to wide adoption of e-textiles. In this review, we explore the potential for sustainable materials, manufacturing techniques, and their end-of-the-life processes for developing eco-friendly e-textiles. In addition, we survey the current state-of-the-art for sustainable fibers and electronic materials (i.e., conductors, semiconductors, and dielectrics) to serve as different components in wearable e-textiles and then provide an overview of environmentally friendly digital manufacturing techniques for such textiles which involve less or no water utilization, combined with a reduction in both material waste and energy consumption. Furthermore, standardized parameters for evaluating the sustainability of e-textiles are established, such as life cycle analysis, biodegradability, and recyclability. Finally, we discuss the current development trends, as well as the future research directions for wearable e-textiles which include an integrated product design approach based on the use of eco-friendly materials, the development of sustainable manufacturing processes, and an effective end-of-the-life strategy to manufacture next generation smart and sustainable wearable e-textiles that can be either recycled to value-added products or decomposed in the landfill without any negative environmental impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Dulal
- Centre
for Print Research (CFPR), University of
the West of England, Frenchay Campus, BristolBS16 1QY, United
Kingdom
| | - Shaila Afroj
- Centre
for Print Research (CFPR), University of
the West of England, Frenchay Campus, BristolBS16 1QY, United
Kingdom
| | - Jaewan Ahn
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujang Cho
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chris Carr
- Clothworkers’
Centre for Textile Materials Innovation for Healthcare, School of
Design, University of Leeds, LeedsLS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Nazmul Karim
- Centre
for Print Research (CFPR), University of
the West of England, Frenchay Campus, BristolBS16 1QY, United
Kingdom
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9
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Zhao G, Zhou H, Jin G, Jin B, Geng S, Luo Z, Ge Z, Xu F. Rational Design of Electrically Conductive Biomaterials toward Excitable Tissues Regeneration. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Kiyotake EA, Martin MD, Detamore MS. Regenerative rehabilitation with conductive biomaterials for spinal cord injury. Acta Biomater 2022; 139:43-64. [PMID: 33326879 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The individual approaches of regenerative medicine efforts alone and rehabilitation efforts alone have not yet fully restored function after severe spinal cord injury (SCI). Regenerative rehabilitation may be leveraged to promote regeneration of the spinal cord tissue, and promote reorganization of the regenerated neural pathways and intact spinal circuits for better functional recovery for SCI. Conductive biomaterials may be a linchpin that empowers the synergy between regenerative medicine and rehabilitation approaches, as electrical stimulation applied to the spinal cord could facilitate neural reorganization. In this review, we discuss current regenerative medicine approaches in clinical trials and the rehabilitation, or neuromodulation, approaches for SCI, along with their respective translational limitations. Furthermore, we review the translational potential, in a surgical context, of conductive biomaterials (e.g., conductive polymers, carbon-based materials, metallic nanoparticle-based materials) as they pertain to SCI. While pre-formed scaffolds may be difficult to translate to human contusion SCIs, injectable composites that contain blended conductive components and can form within the injury may be more translational. However, given that there are currently no in vivo SCI studies that evaluated conductive materials combined with rehabilitation approaches, we discuss several limitations of conductive biomaterials, including demonstrating safety and efficacy, that will need to be addressed in the future for conductive biomaterials to become SCI therapeutics. Even so, the use of conductive biomaterials creates a synergistic opportunity to merge the fields of regenerative medicine and rehabilitation and redefine what regenerative rehabilitation means for the spinal cord. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: For spinal cord injury (SCI), the individual approaches of regenerative medicine and rehabilitation are insufficient to fully restore functional recovery; however, the goal of regenerative rehabilitation is to combine these two disparate fields to maximize the functional outcomes. Concepts similar to regenerative rehabilitation for SCI have been discussed in several reviews, but for the first time, this review considers how conductive biomaterials may synergize the two approaches. We cover current regenerative medicine and rehabilitation approaches for SCI, and the translational advantages and disadvantages, in a surgical context, of conductive biomaterials used in biomedical applications that may be additionally applied to SCI. Furthermore, we identify the current limitations and translational challenges for conductive biomaterials before they may become therapeutics for SCI.
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11
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Ullah A, Lim SI. Bioinspired tunable hydrogels: An update on methods of preparation, classification, and biomedical and therapeutic applications. Int J Pharm 2022; 612:121368. [PMID: 34896566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels exhibit water-insoluble three-dimensional polymeric networks capable of absorbing large amounts of biological fluids. Both natural and synthetic polymers are used for the preparation of hydrogel networks. Such polymeric networks are fabricated through chemical or physical mechanisms of crosslinking. Chemical crosslinking is accomplished mainly through covalent bonding, while physical crosslinking involves self-healing secondary forces like H-bonding, host-guest interactions, and antigen-antibody interactions. The building blocks of the hydrogels play an important role in determining the mechanical, biological, and physicochemical properties. Hydrogels are used in a variety of biomedical applications like diagnostics (biodetection and bioimaging), delivery of therapeutics (drugs, immunotherapeutics, and vaccines), wound dressing and skin materials, cardiac complications, contact lenses, tissue engineering, and cell culture because of the inherent characteristics like enhanced water uptake and structural similarity with the extracellular matrix (ECM). This review highlights the recent trends and advances in the roles of hydrogels in biomedical and therapeutic applications. We also discuss the classification and methods of hydrogels preparation. A brief outlook on the future directions of hydrogels is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Ullah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Gomal Centre of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sung In Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Sang S, Cheng R, Cao Y, Yan Y, Shen Z, Zhao Y, Han Y. Biocompatible chitosan/polyethylene glycol/multi-walled carbon nanotube composite scaffolds for neural tissue engineering. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:58-73. [PMID: 35029088 PMCID: PMC8758934 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2100155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube (CNT) composite materials are very attractive for use in neural tissue engineering and biosensor coatings. CNT scaffolds are excellent mimics of extracellular matrix due to their hydrophilicity, viscosity, and biocompatibility. CNTs can also impart conductivity to other insulating materials, improve mechanical stability, guide neuronal cell behavior, and trigger axon regeneration. The performance of chitosan (CS)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) composite scaffolds could be optimized by introducing multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs). CS/PEG/CNT composite scaffolds with CNT content of 1%, 3%, and 5% (1%=0.01 g/mL) were prepared by freeze-drying. Their physical and chemical properties and biocompatibility were evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the composite scaffolds had a highly connected porous structure. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy proved that the CNTs were well dispersed in the CS/PEG matrix and combined with the CS/PEG nanofiber bundles. MWCNTs enhanced the elastic modulus of the scaffold. The porosity of the scaffolds ranged from 83% to 96%. They reached a stable water swelling state within 24 h, and swelling decreased with increasing MWCNT concentration. The electrical conductivity and cell adhesion rate of the scaffolds increased with increasing MWCNT content. Immunofluorescence showed that rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells grown in the scaffolds had characteristics similar to nerve cells. We measured changes in the expression of nerve cell markers by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and found that PC12 cells cultured in the scaffolds expressed growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43), nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR), and class III β-tubulin (TUBB3) proteins. Preliminary research showed that the prepared CS/PEG/CNT scaffold has good biocompatibility and can be further applied to neural tissue engineering research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengbo Sang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
| | - Rong Cheng
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yanyan Cao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Yayun Yan
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Zhizhong Shen
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Shanxi Six-Dimensional Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Research Institute, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Yajing Zhao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yanqing Han
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi Provincial Cardiovascular Hospital, Taiyuan 030024, China
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13
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Use of electroconductive biomaterials for engineering tissues by 3D printing and 3D bioprinting. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:441-466. [PMID: 34296738 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20210003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Existing methods of engineering alternatives to restore or replace damaged or lost tissues are not satisfactory due to the lack of suitable constructs that can fit precisely, function properly and integrate into host tissues. Recently, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting approaches have been developed to enable the fabrication of pre-programmed synthetic tissue constructs that have precise geometries and controlled cellular composition and spatial distribution. New bioinks with electroconductive properties have the potential to influence cellular fates and function for directed healing of different tissue types including bone, heart and nervous tissue with the possibility of improved outcomes. In the present paper, we review the use of electroconductive biomaterials for the engineering of tissues via 3D printing and 3D bioprinting. Despite significant advances, there remain challenges to effective tissue replacement and we address these challenges and describe new approaches to advanced tissue engineering.
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Fang W, Sun F, Tang J, Zhao Q, Chen J, Lei X, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zuo Y, Li J, Li Y. Porous Electroactive and Biodegradable Polyurethane Membrane through Self-Doping Organogel. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100125. [PMID: 33904219 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In order to improve the processability of conductive polyurethane (CPU) containing aniline oligomers, a new CPU containing aniline trimer (AT) and l-lysine (PUAT) are designed and synthesized. Further, the 3D porous PUAT membranes have been prepared by a simple gel cooperated with freeze-drying method. Chemical testings and conductive properties testify a self- doping model of PUAT based on the rich electronic l-lysine and electroaffinity AT moities. The self-doping behavior further endows the PUAT copolymers specific characteristics such as high electrical conductivity and the formation of the polaron lattice like-structure in good solvent dimethyl sulfoxide. The combination of organogel and freeze-drying could prevent the collapse of pore structure when the copolymers are molded as membranes. The synergistic effect of l-lysine and AT components has a strong influence on the dissolution, degradation, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of PUAT. The excellent properties of PUAT would broad the application of conductive polymers in biomedicine field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fang
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Fuhua Sun
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, P. R. China
| | - Jiajing Tang
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Lei
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jinzheng Zhang
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yinglong Zhang
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zuo
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jidong Li
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yubao Li
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
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15
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Idumah CI. Recent advancements in conducting polymer bionanocomposites and hydrogels for biomedical applications. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2020.1857384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Igwe Idumah
- Department of Polymer and Textile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
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16
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Huang Z, Ma Y, Jing W, Zhang Y, Jia X, Cai Q, Ao Q, Yang X. Tracing Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) in Rat Peripheral Nerve Regenerated with Conductive Conduits Composed of Poly(lactide- co-glycolide) and Fluorescent CNTs. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:6344-6355. [PMID: 33449666 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nerve regeneration can be promoted using nerve guide conduits (NGCs). Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are often used to prepare conductive NGCs, however, the major concern for their applications is the final location of the implanted CNTs in vivo. Herein, photoluminescent multiwalled CNTs (MWCNTs) were prepared and electrospun with poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), followed by shaping into multichannel NGCs for repairing of injured rat sciatic nerve, thereby the distribution of CNTs in vivo could be detected via bioimaging. Photoluminescent MWCNTs (MWCNT-FITC) were prepared by functionalization with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) and fluorescein-isothiocyanate-isomer I (FITC) subsequently. The conductivity of the PLGA/MWCNT-FITC fibers was approx. 10-4 S/cm at 3 wt % MWCNTs. Compared with PLGA fibers, Schwann cells on PLGA/MWCNT-FITC fibers matured at a faster rate, accordingly, nerve regeneration was promoted by the PLGA/MWCNT-FITC NGC. With a confocal laser scanning microscope and small-animal imaging system, the location of MWCNTs was detected. Alongside the degradation of PLGA, MWCNTs intended to aggregate and were entrapped in the regenerated nerve tissue without migrating into surrounding tissues and other organs (liver, kidneys, and spleen). This study provides a useful characterization method for MWCNTs and the guidance for in vivo applications of MWCNTs in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yizhan Ma
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Wei Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaolong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qiang Ao
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.,Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, Engineering Research Center in Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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17
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Sun Y, Liu X, George MN, Park S, Gaihre B, Terzic A, Lu L. Enhanced nerve cell proliferation and differentiation on electrically conductive scaffolds embedded with graphene and carbon nanotubes. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 109:193-206. [PMID: 32441388 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Conduits that promote nerve regeneration are currently of great medical concern, particularly when gaps exist between nerve endings. To address this issue, our laboratory previously developed a nerve conduit from biodegradable poly(caprolactone fumarate) (PCLF) that supports peripheral nerve regeneration. The present study improves upon this work by further developing an electrically conductive, positively charged PCLF scaffold through the incorporation of graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (MTAC) (PCLF-Graphene-CNT-MTAC) using ultraviolet (UV) induced photocrosslinking. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy were used to assess the incorporation of CNTs and graphene into PCLF-Graphene-CNT-MTAC scaffolds, which displayed enhanced surface roughness and reduced electrochemical impedance when compared to neat PCLF. Scaffolds with these surface modifications also showed improved growth and differentiation of rat pheochromocytoma 12 cells in vitro, with enhanced cell growth, neurite extension, and cellular migration. Furthermore, an increased number of neurite protrusions were observed when the conduit was electrically stimulated. These results show that the electrically conductive PCLF-Graphene-CNT-MTAC nerve scaffolds presented here support the cellular behaviors that are critical for nerve regeneration, ultimately making this material an attractive candidate for regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Sun
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xifeng Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Matthew N George
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sungjo Park
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Bipin Gaihre
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Andre Terzic
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lichun Lu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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18
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Gaihre B, Liu X, Lee Miller A, Yaszemski M, Lu L. Poly(Caprolactone Fumarate) and Oligo[Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Fumarate]: Two Decades of Exploration in Biomedical Applications. POLYM REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2020.1758718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bipin Gaihre
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xifeng Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - A. Lee Miller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Michael Yaszemski
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lichun Lu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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19
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Distler T, Boccaccini AR. 3D printing of electrically conductive hydrogels for tissue engineering and biosensors - A review. Acta Biomater 2020; 101:1-13. [PMID: 31476385 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Electrically conductive biomaterials are gaining increasing interest owing to their potential to be used in smart, biosensoric and functional tissue-engineered scaffolds and implants. In combination with 3D printing technology, this class of materials might be one of the most advanced approaches towards future medical implants regarding potential functionalities and design possibilities. Conductive hydrogels themselves have been researched for potential sensoric and tissue engineering applications for more than a decade, while the 3D printing of such functional materials is still under early exploration. This review aims to provide a short insight into the most recent developments of 3D printable and electrically conductive hydrogels. It also provides a summary of the last few years of research in this field, with key scope on 3D printing for biomedical applications. The final literature search was conducted in May 2019, with the specific keywords '3D', 'printing', 'conductive', 'hydrogel', 'biocompatible' and combinations of the latter, using advanced search in the databases Scopus®, Web of Science® (Web of Knowledge®) and Google Scholar®. A total of 491 results were gained, while 19 recent publications were identified with the above-mentioned criteria and keywords, which are the studies finally discussed in the paper. The key results have been summarised, and the remaining challenges in the field and the scope for future research activities have been discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Hydrogels are among the most frequently used biomaterials in tissue engineering (TE). A new class of hydrogels, namely, electrically conductive hydrogels (ECHs), has been introduced in recent years. Although ECHs have been comprehensively reviewed in the literature, the combination of ECHs with 3D printing technology has emerged only recently, representing a promising key development toward the fabrication of functional 3D TE constructs. In this review, we cover for the first time the state of the art in the field of 3D printing of ECHs. Previous advances are presented, reviewing the 3D printing technologies utilised, spatial resolution and electrical conductivity values achieved, in addition to discussing the obtained mechanical properties and emerging applications of these materials.
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Morgado PI, Palacios M, Larrain J. In situ injectable hydrogels for spinal cord regeneration: advances from the last 10 years. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2019; 6:012002. [PMID: 33438588 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ab52e8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a tremendously devastating disorder with no effective therapy. Neuroprotective strategies have been applied aiming to prevent secondary cell death but no successful and robust effects have been observed. Recently, combinatorial approaches using biomaterials with cells and/or growth factors have demonstrated promising therapeutic effects because of the improvement of axonal growth and in vivo functional recovery in model organisms. In situ injectable hydrogels are a particularly attractive neuroregenerative approach to improve spinal cord repair and regeneration since they can be precisely injected into the lesion site filling the space prior to gelification, decrease scarring and promote axon growth due to the hydrogel's soft structure. Important advances regarding the use of hydrogels as potential therapeutic approaches has been reported during the last 10 years. Injectable alginate hydrogel loaded with GDNF, thermoresponsives heparin-poloxamer loaded with NGF and imidazole-poly(organophosphazenes) hydrogels are just three examples of biomaterials that can promote neurite, axon growth and improve functional recovery in hemisected and resected rats. Here we will review the status of in situ injectable hydrogels for spinal cord regeneration with special focus in the advantages of using hydrogel scaffolds, the ideal polymers to be used, the gelification process and the cells or growth factors combined. The in vitro and in vivo results reported for those biomaterials will be presented, compared and discussed.
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21
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Lu H, Zhang N, Ma M. Electroconductive hydrogels for biomedical applications. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 11:e1568. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Biology and Environmental Engineering Hefei University Hefei China
| | - Mingming Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
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22
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Combined Optimized Effect of a Highly Self-Organized Nanosubstrate and an Electric Field on Osteoblast Bone Cells Activity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:7574635. [PMID: 31016196 PMCID: PMC6448337 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7574635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The effect of an electric field within specific intensity limits on the activity of human cells has been previously investigated. However, there are a considerable number of factors that influence the in vitro development of cell populations. In biocompatibility studies, the nature of the substrate and its topography are decisive in osteoblasts bone cells development. Further on, electrical field stimulation may activate biochemical paths that contribute to a faster, more effective self-adjustment and proliferation of specific cell types on various nanosubstrates. Within the present research, an electrical stimulation device has been manufactured and optimum values of parameters that led to enhanced osteoblasts activity, with respect to the alkaline phosphatase and total protein levels, have been found. Homogeneous electric field distribution induced by a highly organized titanium dioxide nanotubes substrate had an optimum effect on cell response. Specific substrate topography in combination with appropriate electrical stimulation enhanced osteoblasts bone cells capacity to self-adjust the levels of their specific biomarkers. The findings are of importance in the future design and development of new advanced orthopaedic materials for hard tissue replacement.
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23
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Tomczykowa M, Plonska-Brzezinska ME. Conducting Polymers, Hydrogels and Their Composites: Preparation, Properties and Bioapplications. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E350. [PMID: 30960334 PMCID: PMC6419165 DOI: 10.3390/polym11020350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This review is focused on current state-of-the-art research on electroactive-based materials and their synthesis, as well as their physicochemical and biological properties. Special attention is paid to pristine intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) and their composites with other organic and inorganic components, well-defined micro- and nanostructures, and enhanced surface areas compared with those of conventionally prepared ICPs. Hydrogels, due to their defined porous structures and being filled with aqueous solution, offer the ability to increase the amount of immobilized chemical, biological or biochemical molecules. When other components are incorporated into ICPs, the materials form composites; in this particular case, they form conductive composites. The design and synthesis of conductive composites result in the inheritance of the advantages of each component and offer new features because of the synergistic effects between the components. The resulting structures of ICPs, conducting polymer hydrogels and their composites, as well as the unusual physicochemical properties, biocompatibility and multi-functionality of these materials, facilitate their bioapplications. The synergistic effects between constituents have made these materials particularly attractive as sensing elements for biological agents, and they also enable the immobilization of bioreceptors such as enzymes, antigen-antibodies, and nucleic acids onto their surfaces for the detection of an array of biological agents. Currently, these materials have unlimited applicability in biomedicine. In this review, we have limited discussion to three areas in which it seems that the use of ICPs and materials, including their different forms, are particularly interesting, namely, biosensors, delivery of drugs and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Tomczykowa
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Marta Eliza Plonska-Brzezinska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
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Alegret N, Dominguez-Alfaro A, Mecerreyes D. 3D Scaffolds Based on Conductive Polymers for Biomedical Applications. Biomacromolecules 2018; 20:73-89. [PMID: 30543402 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
3D scaffolds appear to be a cost-effective ultimate answer for biomedical applications, facilitating rapid results while providing an environment similar to in vivo tissue. These biomaterials offer large surface areas for cell or biomaterial attachment, proliferation, biosensing and drug delivery applications. Among 3D scaffolds, the ones based on conjugated polymers (CPs) and natural nonconductive polymers arranged in a 3D architecture provide tridimensionality to cellular culture along with a high surface area for cell adherence and proliferation as well electrical conductivity for stimulation or sensing. However, the scaffolds must also obey other characteristics: homogeneous porosity, with pore sizes large enough to allow cell penetration and nutrient flow; elasticity and wettability similar to the tissue of implantation; and a suitable composition to enhance cell-matrix interactions. In this Review, we summarize the fabrication methods, characterization techniques and main applications of conductive 3D scaffolds based on conductive polymers. The main barrier in the development of these platforms has been the fabrication and subsequent maintenance of the third dimension due to challenges in the manipulation of conductive polymers. In the last decades, different approaches to overcome these barriers have been developed for the production of conductive 3D scaffolds, demonstrating a huge potential for biomedical purposes. Finally, we present an overview of the emerging strategies developed to manufacture 3D conductive scaffolds, the techniques used to fully characterize them, and the biomedical fields where they have been applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Alegret
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU , Avenida de Tolosa 72 , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián , Spain.,Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology , University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus , 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Building P15 , Aurora , Colorado 80045 , United States
| | - Antonio Dominguez-Alfaro
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU , Avenida de Tolosa 72 , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián , Spain.,Carbon Nanobiotechnology Group, CIC biomaGUNE , Paseo de Miramón 182 , 2014 Donostia-San Sebastián , Spain
| | - David Mecerreyes
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU , Avenida de Tolosa 72 , 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián , Spain.,Ikerasque, Basque Foundation for Science , 48013 Bilbao , Spain
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Hydrogel Scaffolds: Towards Restitution of Ischemic Stroke-Injured Brain. Transl Stroke Res 2018; 10:1-18. [DOI: 10.1007/s12975-018-0655-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral nerve injuries remain a major clinical concern, as they often lead to chronic disability and significant health care expenditures. Despite advancements in microsurgical techniques to enhance nerve repair, biological approaches are needed to augment nerve regeneration and improve functional outcomes after injury. METHODS Presented herein is a review of the current literature on state-of-the-art techniques to enhance functional recovery for patients with nerve injury. Four categories are considered: (1) electroceuticals, (2) nerve guidance conduits, (3) fat grafting, and (4) optogenetics. Significant study results are highlighted, focusing on histologic and functional outcome measures. RESULTS This review documents the current state of the literature. Advancements in neuronal stimulation, tissue engineering, and cell-based therapies demonstrate promise with regard to augmenting nerve regeneration and appropriate rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS The future of treating peripheral nerve injury will include multimodality use of electroconductive conduits, fat grafting, neuronal stimulation, and optogenetics. Further clinical investigation is needed to confirm the efficacy of these technologies on peripheral nerve recovery in humans, and how best to implement this treatment for a diverse population of nerve-injured patients.
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Mechanically tunable conductive interpenetrating network hydrogels that mimic the elastic moduli of biological tissue. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2740. [PMID: 30013027 PMCID: PMC6048132 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05222-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Conductive and stretchable materials that match the elastic moduli of biological tissue (0.5–500 kPa) are desired for enhanced interfacial and mechanical stability. Compared with inorganic and dry polymeric conductors, hydrogels made with conducting polymers are promising soft electrode materials due to their high water content. Nevertheless, most conducting polymer-based hydrogels sacrifice electronic performance to obtain useful mechanical properties. Here we report a method that overcomes this limitation using two interpenetrating hydrogel networks, one of which is formed by the gelation of the conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS. Due to the connectivity of the PEDOT:PSS network, conductivities up to 23 S m−1 are achieved, a record for stretchable PEDOT:PSS-based hydrogels. Meanwhile, the low concentration of PEDOT:PSS enables orthogonal control over the composite mechanical properties using a secondary polymer network. We demonstrate tunability of the elastic modulus over three biologically relevant orders of magnitude without compromising stretchability ( > 100%) or conductivity ( > 10 S m−1). Conductive and stretchable materials that match the elastic moduli of biological tissue are desired for enhanced interfacial and mechanical stability. Here the authors show a method for fabricating highly conductive hydrogels comprising two interpenetrating networks.
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Nezakati T, Seifalian A, Tan A, Seifalian AM. Conductive Polymers: Opportunities and Challenges in Biomedical Applications. Chem Rev 2018; 118:6766-6843. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toktam Nezakati
- Google Inc.., Mountain View, California 94043, United States
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2QG, United Kingdom
| | - Amelia Seifalian
- UCL Medical School, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Aaron Tan
- UCL Medical School, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander M. Seifalian
- NanoRegMed Ltd. (Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine Commercialization Centre), The London Innovation BioScience Centre, London NW1 0NH, United Kingdom
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Vallejo-Giraldo C, Krukiewicz K, Calaresu I, Zhu J, Palma M, Fernandez-Yague M, McDowell B, Peixoto N, Farid N, O'Connor G, Ballerini L, Pandit A, Biggs MJP. Attenuated Glial Reactivity on Topographically Functionalized Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene):P-Toluene Sulfonate (PEDOT:PTS) Neuroelectrodes Fabricated by Microimprint Lithography. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1800863. [PMID: 29862640 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201800863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Following implantation, neuroelectrode functionality is susceptible to deterioration via reactive host cell response and glial scar-induced encapsulation. Within the neuroengineering community, there is a consensus that the induction of selective adhesion and regulated cellular interaction at the tissue-electrode interface can significantly enhance device interfacing and functionality in vivo. In particular, topographical modification holds promise for the development of functionalized neural interfaces to mediate initial cell adhesion and the subsequent evolution of gliosis, minimizing the onset of a proinflammatory glial phenotype, to provide long-term stability. Herein, a low-temperature microimprint-lithography technique for the development of micro-topographically functionalized neuroelectrode interfaces in electrodeposited poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):p-toluene sulfonate (PEDOT:PTS) is described and assessed in vitro. Platinum (Pt) microelectrodes are subjected to electrodeposition of a PEDOT:PTS microcoating, which is subsequently topographically functionalized with an ordered array of micropits, inducing a significant reduction in electrode electrical impedance and an increase in charge storage capacity. Furthermore, topographically functionalized electrodes reduce the adhesion of reactive astrocytes in vitro, evident from morphological changes in cell area, focal adhesion formation, and the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokine factors. This study contributes to the understanding of gliosis in complex primary mixed cell cultures, and describes the role of micro-topographically modified neural interfaces in the development of stable microelectrode interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Vallejo-Giraldo
- CÚRAM-Centre for Research in Medical Devices-Galway, Biosciences Research Building, 118 Corrib Village, Newcastle, Galway, H91 D577, Ireland
| | - Katarzyna Krukiewicz
- CÚRAM-Centre for Research in Medical Devices-Galway, Biosciences Research Building, 118 Corrib Village, Newcastle, Galway, H91 D577, Ireland
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, 44-100, Poland
| | - Ivo Calaresu
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Via Bonomea, 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jingyuan Zhu
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E14NS, UK
| | - Matteo Palma
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E14NS, UK
| | - Marc Fernandez-Yague
- CÚRAM-Centre for Research in Medical Devices-Galway, Biosciences Research Building, 118 Corrib Village, Newcastle, Galway, H91 D577, Ireland
| | - BenjaminW McDowell
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MS-1G5 Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Nathalia Peixoto
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MS-1G5 Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Nazar Farid
- School of Physics, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 CF50, Ireland
| | - Gerard O'Connor
- School of Physics, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 CF50, Ireland
| | - Laura Ballerini
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Via Bonomea, 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM-Centre for Research in Medical Devices-Galway, Biosciences Research Building, 118 Corrib Village, Newcastle, Galway, H91 D577, Ireland
| | - Manus Jonathan Paul Biggs
- CÚRAM-Centre for Research in Medical Devices-Galway, Biosciences Research Building, 118 Corrib Village, Newcastle, Galway, H91 D577, Ireland
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Zarrintaj P, Bakhshandeh B, Saeb MR, Sefat F, Rezaeian I, Ganjali MR, Ramakrishna S, Mozafari M. Oligoaniline-based conductive biomaterials for tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2018; 72:16-34. [PMID: 29625254 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The science and engineering of biomaterials have improved the human life expectancy. Tissue engineering is one of the nascent strategies with an aim to fulfill this target. Tissue engineering scaffolds are one of the most significant aspects of the recent tissue repair strategies; hence, it is imperative to design biomimetic substrates with suitable features. Conductive substrates can ameliorate the cellular activity through enhancement of cellular signaling. Biocompatible polymers with conductivity can mimic the cells' niche in an appropriate manner. Bioconductive polymers based on aniline oligomers can potentially actualize this purpose because of their unique and tailoring properties. The aniline oligomers can be positioned within the molecular structure of other polymers, thus painter acting with the side groups of the main polymer or acting as a comonomer in their backbone. The conductivity of oligoaniline-based conductive biomaterials can be tailored to mimic the electrical and mechanical properties of targeted tissues/organs. These bioconductive substrates can be designed with high mechanical strength for hard tissues such as the bone and with high elasticity to be used for the cardiac tissue or can be synthesized in the form of injectable hydrogels, particles, and nanofibers for noninvasive implantation; these structures can be used for applications such as drug/gene delivery and extracellular biomimetic structures. It is expected that with progress in the fields of biomaterials and tissue engineering, more innovative constructs will be proposed in the near future. This review discusses the recent advancements in the use of oligoaniline-based conductive biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The tissue engineering applications of aniline oligomers and their derivatives have recently attracted an increasing interest due to their electroactive and biodegradable properties. However, no reports have systematically reviewed the critical role of oligoaniline-based conductive biomaterials in tissue engineering. Research on aniline oligomers is growing today opening new scenarios that expand the potential of these biomaterials from "traditional" treatments to a new era of tissue engineering. The conductivity of this class of biomaterials can be tailored similar to that of tissues/organs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review article in which such issue is systematically reviewed and critically discussed in the light of the existing literature. Undoubtedly, investigations on the use of oligoaniline-based conductive biomaterials in tissue engineering need further advancement and a lot of critical questions are yet to be answered. In this review, we introduce the salient features, the hurdles that must be overcome, the hopes, and practical constraints for further development.
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Liu X, Miller AL, Waletzki BE, Lu L. Cross-linkable graphene oxide embedded nanocomposite hydrogel with enhanced mechanics and cytocompatibility for tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:1247-1257. [PMID: 29280326 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is an attractive material that can be utilized to enhance the modulus and conductivities of substrates and hydrogels. To covalently cross-link graphene oxide sheets into hydrogels, abundant cross-linkable double bonds were introduced to synthesize the graphene-oxide-tris-acrylate sheet (GO-TrisA). Polyacrylamide (PAM) nanocomposite hydrogels were then fabricated with inherent covalently and permanently cross-linked GO-TrisA sheets. Results showed that the covalently cross-linked GO-TrisA/PAM nanocomposite hydrogel had enhanced mechanical strength, thermo stability compared with GO/PAM hydrogel maintained mainly by hydrogen bonding between PAM chains and GO sheets. In vitro cell study showed that the covalently cross-linked rGO-TrisA/PAM nanocomposite hydrogel had excellent cytocompatibility after in situ reduction. These results suggest that rGO-TrisA/PAM nanocomposite hydrogel holds great potential for tissue engineering applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1247-1257, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905
| | - A Lee Miller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905
| | - Brian E Waletzki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905
| | - Lichun Lu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905
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Kollarigowda RH, Thakur P. Radical polymerization approach for ring opened oxanorbornene anhydride based macromonomers. Des Monomers Polym 2018; 21:1-8. [PMID: 29491827 PMCID: PMC5812107 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2017.1409475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we synthesized end group functionalization of the cis-Norbornene-5-6-endo-dicarboxylic anhydride species via the ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of oxanorbornene derivatives generated a chiseled poly(cis-Norbornene-5-6-endo-Dicarboxylic anhydride) acrylate macromonomer. Further, acrylate oxanorbornene based macromonomer further polymerized via reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization technique. Chain transfer is exhibited in the structure during the radical polymerizations so that free radical polymerization could also be used to comb structure copolymers with a PDI value below 1.2 with the help of acrylate oxanorbornene. Atomic force microscopy reveals the comb shape of branched polymer brushes structure. This method involves polymerizable end-group attachment to a macromonomer, and the backbone of the comb polymer is created in a second step of the polymerization. We believe that this kind of comb structured polymers can be considered for different biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pankaj Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, Shoolini University , Bajol, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
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Huang G, Li F, Zhao X, Ma Y, Li Y, Lin M, Jin G, Lu TJ, Genin GM, Xu F. Functional and Biomimetic Materials for Engineering of the Three-Dimensional Cell Microenvironment. Chem Rev 2017; 117:12764-12850. [PMID: 28991456 PMCID: PMC6494624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 469] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cell microenvironment has emerged as a key determinant of cell behavior and function in development, physiology, and pathophysiology. The extracellular matrix (ECM) within the cell microenvironment serves not only as a structural foundation for cells but also as a source of three-dimensional (3D) biochemical and biophysical cues that trigger and regulate cell behaviors. Increasing evidence suggests that the 3D character of the microenvironment is required for development of many critical cell responses observed in vivo, fueling a surge in the development of functional and biomimetic materials for engineering the 3D cell microenvironment. Progress in the design of such materials has improved control of cell behaviors in 3D and advanced the fields of tissue regeneration, in vitro tissue models, large-scale cell differentiation, immunotherapy, and gene therapy. However, the field is still in its infancy, and discoveries about the nature of cell-microenvironment interactions continue to overturn much early progress in the field. Key challenges continue to be dissecting the roles of chemistry, structure, mechanics, and electrophysiology in the cell microenvironment, and understanding and harnessing the roles of periodicity and drift in these factors. This review encapsulates where recent advances appear to leave the ever-shifting state of the art, and it highlights areas in which substantial potential and uncertainty remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyou Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Fei Li
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science,
Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
- Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical
Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Yufei Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Min Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Guorui Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Tian Jian Lu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials
and Structures, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Guy M. Genin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering &
Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis 63130, MO,
USA
- NSF Science and Technology Center for
Engineering MechanoBiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis 63130,
MO, USA
| | - Feng Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
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Kleber C, Bruns M, Lienkamp K, Rühe J, Asplund M. An interpenetrating, microstructurable and covalently attached conducting polymer hydrogel for neural interfaces. Acta Biomater 2017; 58:365-375. [PMID: 28578108 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a new conducting polymer hydrogel (CPH) system, consisting of the synthetic hydrogel P(DMAA-co-5%MABP-co-2,5%SSNa) and the conducting polymer (CP) poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), intended as coating material for neural interfaces. The composite material can be covalently attached to the surface electrode, can be patterned by a photolithographic process to influence selected electrode sites only and forms an interpenetrating network. The hybrid material was characterized using cyclic voltammetry (CV), impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which confirmed a homogeneous distribution of PEDOT throughout all CPH layers. The CPH exhibited a 2,5 times higher charge storage capacity (CSC) and a reduced impedance when compared to the bare hydrogel. Electrochemical stability was proven over at least 1000 redox cycles. Non-toxicity was confirmed using an elution toxicity test together with a neuroblastoma cell-line. The described material shows great promise for surface modification of neural probes making it possible to combine the beneficial properties of the hydrogel with the excellent electronic properties necessary for high quality neural microelectrodes. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Conductive polymer hydrogels have emerged as a promising new class of materials to functionalize electrode surfaces for enhanced neural interfaces and drug delivery. Common weaknesses of such systems are delamination from the connection surface, and the lack of suitable patterning methods for confining the gel to the selected electrode site. Various studies have reported on conductive polymer hydrogels addressing one of these challenges. In this study we present a new composite material which offers, for the first time, the unique combination of properties: it can be covalently attached to the substrate, forms an interpenetrating network, shows excellent electrical properties and can be patterned via UV-irradiation through a structured mask.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Kleber
- BrainLinks-BrainTools Center, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Michael Bruns
- Institute for Applied Materials (IAM) and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Karen Lienkamp
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Rühe
- BrainLinks-BrainTools Center, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maria Asplund
- BrainLinks-BrainTools Center, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Germany
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Biocompatible chitin/carbon nanotubes composite hydrogels as neuronal growth substrates. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 174:830-840. [PMID: 28821138 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.06.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, extensive studies have demonstrated that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) could promote cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of neuronal cells. However, the potential cytotoxicity in biological systems severely restricted the utilization of CNTs as substrates for neural growth. In this study, biocompatible chitin/carbon nanotubes (Ch/CNT) composite hydrogels were developed via blending modified CNTs with chitin solution in 11wt% NaOH/4wt% urea aqueous system, and subsequently regenerating in ethanol. As the CNTs were dispersed homogeneously in chitin matrix and combined with chitin nanofibers to form a compact and neat Ch/CNT nanofibrous network through intermolecular interactions, such as electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding and amphiphilic interaction, etc. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the Ch/CNT composite hydrogels were obviously enhanced, and the swelling ratio decreased. In addition, the Ch/CNT hydrogels exhibited good hemocompatibility, biodegradation in vitro and biocompatibility without cytotoxicity and neurotoxicity nature to neuronal and Schwann cells (PC12 cells and RSC96 cells). Especially, the Ch/CNT3 composite hydrogels exhibited significant enhancement of the neuronal cell adhesion, proliferation and neurite outgrowth of neuronal cells with a great increase in both the percentage and the length of neurites. Therefore, we provide a simple and efficient approach to construct the novel Ch/CNT hydrogels as neuronal growth substrates for the potential application in nerve regeneration.
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Liu X, Miller AL, Park S, Waletzki BE, Zhou Z, Terzic A, Lu L. Functionalized Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Oxide Embedded Electrically Conductive Hydrogel Synergistically Stimulates Nerve Cell Differentiation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:14677-14690. [PMID: 28406608 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b02072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nerve regeneration after injury is a critical medical issue. In previous work, we have developed an oligo(poly(ethylene glycol) fumarate) (OPF) hydrogel incorporated with positive charges as a promising nerve conduit. In this study, we introduced cross-linkable bonds to graphene oxide and carbon nanotube to obtain the functionalized graphene oxide acrylate (GOa) and carbon nanotube poly(ethylene glycol) acrylate (CNTpega). An electrically conductive hydrogel was then fabricated by covalently embedding GOa and CNTpega within OPF hydrogel through chemical cross-linking followed by in situ reduction of GOa in l-ascorbic acid solution. Positive charges were incorporated by 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyltrimethylammonium chloride (MTAC) to obtain rGOaCNTpega-OPF-MTAC composite hydrogel with both surface charge and electrical conductivity. The distribution of CNTpega and GOa in the hydrogels was substantiated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and strengthened electrical conductivities were determined. Excellent biocompatibility was demonstrated for the carbon embedded composite hydrogels. Biological evaluation showed enhanced proliferation and spreading of PC12 cells on the conductive hydrogels. After induced differentiation using nerve growth factor (NGF), cells on the conductive hydrogels were effectively stimulated to have robust neurite development as observed by confocal microscope. A synergistic effect of electrical conductivity and positive charges on nerve cells was also observed in this study. Using a glass mold method, the composite hydrogel was successfully fabricated into conductive nerve conduits with surficial positive charges. These results suggest that rGOa-CNTpega-OPF-MTAC composite hydrogel holds great potential as conduits for neural tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, ‡Department of Orthopedic Surgery, and §Department of Cardiovascular Diseases and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - A Lee Miller
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, ‡Department of Orthopedic Surgery, and §Department of Cardiovascular Diseases and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Sungjo Park
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, ‡Department of Orthopedic Surgery, and §Department of Cardiovascular Diseases and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Brian E Waletzki
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, ‡Department of Orthopedic Surgery, and §Department of Cardiovascular Diseases and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Zifei Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, ‡Department of Orthopedic Surgery, and §Department of Cardiovascular Diseases and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Andre Terzic
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, ‡Department of Orthopedic Surgery, and §Department of Cardiovascular Diseases and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Lichun Lu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, ‡Department of Orthopedic Surgery, and §Department of Cardiovascular Diseases and Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
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39
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Raghunathan SP, Narayanan S, Poulose AC, Joseph R. Flexible regenerated cellulose/polypyrrole composite films with enhanced dielectric properties. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 157:1024-1032. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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40
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Mehrali M, Thakur A, Pennisi CP, Talebian S, Arpanaei A, Nikkhah M, Dolatshahi-Pirouz A. Nanoreinforced Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering: Biomaterials that are Compatible with Load-Bearing and Electroactive Tissues. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1603612. [PMID: 27966826 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Given their highly porous nature and excellent water retention, hydrogel-based biomaterials can mimic critical properties of the native cellular environment. However, their potential to emulate the electromechanical milieu of native tissues or conform well with the curved topology of human organs needs to be further explored to address a broad range of physiological demands of the body. In this regard, the incorporation of nanomaterials within hydrogels has shown great promise, as a simple one-step approach, to generate multifunctional scaffolds with previously unattainable biological, mechanical, and electrical properties. Here, recent advances in the fabrication and application of nanocomposite hydrogels in tissue engineering applications are described, with specific attention toward skeletal and electroactive tissues, such as cardiac, nerve, bone, cartilage, and skeletal muscle. Additionally, some potential uses of nanoreinforced hydrogels within the emerging disciplines of cyborganics, bionics, and soft biorobotics are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Mehrali
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Nanotech, Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, 2800 Kgs, Ørsteds Plads, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ashish Thakur
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Nanotech, Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, 2800 Kgs, Ørsteds Plads, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christian Pablo Pennisi
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 3B, Aalborg, 9220, Denmark
| | - Sepehr Talebian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Center of Advanced Material, University of Malaya, 50603, Persiaran Universiti 2, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ayyoob Arpanaei
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran - Karaj Highway, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Nikkhah
- Engineering Center G Wing 334 School of Biological Health and Systems Engineering (SBHSE), Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Alireza Dolatshahi-Pirouz
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Nanotech, Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, 2800 Kgs, Ørsteds Plads, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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41
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Liu X, Miller Ii AL, Park S, Waletzki BE, Terzic A, Yaszemski MJ, Lu L. Covalent crosslinking of graphene oxide and carbon nanotube into hydrogels enhances nerve cell responses. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:6930-6941. [PMID: 32263560 PMCID: PMC8844883 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01722c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Healing of nerve injuries is a critical medical issue. Biodegradable polymeric conduits are a promising therapeutic solution to provide guidance for axon growth in a given space, thus helping nerve heal. Extensive studies in the past decade reported that conductive materials could effectively increase neurite and axon extension in vitro and nerve regeneration in vivo. In this study, graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes were covalently functionalized with double bonds to obtain crosslinkable graphene oxide acrylate (GOa) sheets and carbon nanotube poly(ethylene glycol) acrylate (CNTpega). An electrically conductive reduced GOa-CNTpega-oligo(polyethylene glycol fumarate) (OPF) hydrogel (rGOa-CNTpega-OPF) was successfully fabricated by chemically crosslinking GOa sheets and CNTpega with OPF chains followed by in situ chemical reduction in l-ascorbic acid solution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging showed homogenous distribution of GOa/CNTpega carbon content in the rGOa-CNTpega-OPF composite hydrogel, resulting in a significant increase of electrical conductivity compared with neutral OPF without carbon content. Cell studies showed excellent biocompatibility and distinguished PC12 cell proliferation and spreading on the rGOa-CNTpega-OPF composite hydrogel. Fluorescent microscopy imaging demonstrated robustly stimulated neurite development in these cells on a conductive rGOa-CNTpega-OPF composite hydrogel compared with that on neutral OPF hydrogels. These results illustrated a promising potential for the rGOa-CNTpega-OPF composite hydrogel to serve as conduits for neural tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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42
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Mawad D, Artzy-Schnirman A, Tonkin J, Ramos J, Inal S, Mahat M, Darwish N, Zwi-Dantsis L, Malliaras GG, Gooding JJ, Lauto A, Stevens MM. Electroconductive Hydrogel Based on Functional Poly(Ethylenedioxy Thiophene). CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2016; 28:6080-6088. [PMID: 27656042 PMCID: PMC5024651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b01298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene dioxythiophene) with functional pendant groups bearing double bonds is synthesized and employed for the fabrication of electroactive hydrogels with advantageous characteristics: covalently cross-linked porous 3D scaffolds with notable swelling ratio, appropriate mechanical properties, electroactivity in physiological conditions, and suitability for proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 cells. This is a new approach for the fabrication of conductive engineered constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damia Mawad
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW
Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- E-mail:
| | - Arbel Artzy-Schnirman
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne Tonkin
- Faculty
of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jose Ramos
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- POLYMAT,
Bionanoparticles Group, University of the
Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia-San
Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Sahika Inal
- Department
of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Superieure
des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, Gardanne 13541, France
| | - Muzamir
M. Mahat
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Nadim Darwish
- Nanochemistry
Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and
Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Limor Zwi-Dantsis
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - George G. Malliaras
- Department
of Bioelectronics, Ecole Nationale Superieure
des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, Gardanne 13541, France
| | - J. Justin Gooding
- School
of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and ARC Centre of
Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Antonio Lauto
- Biomedical
Engineering and Neuroscience (BENS) Research Group, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, New South Wales 2751, Australia
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- E-mail:
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43
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Yang S, Jang L, Kim S, Yang J, Yang K, Cho SW, Lee JY. Polypyrrole/Alginate Hybrid Hydrogels: Electrically Conductive and Soft Biomaterials for Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Culture and Potential Neural Tissue Engineering Applications. Macromol Biosci 2016; 16:1653-1661. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumi Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Gwangju Institute of Science and Engineering (GIST); Gwangju 500-712 Republic of Korea
| | - LindyK. Jang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Gwangju Institute of Science and Engineering (GIST); Gwangju 500-712 Republic of Korea
| | - Semin Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Gwangju Institute of Science and Engineering (GIST); Gwangju 500-712 Republic of Korea
| | - Jongcheol Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Gwangju Institute of Science and Engineering (GIST); Gwangju 500-712 Republic of Korea
| | - Kisuk Yang
- Department of Biotechnology; Yonsei University; Seoul 120-749 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biotechnology; Yonsei University; Seoul 120-749 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Gwangju Institute of Science and Engineering (GIST); Gwangju 500-712 Republic of Korea
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44
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Xu D, Fan L, Gao L, Xiong Y, Wang Y, Ye Q, Yu A, Dai H, Yin Y, Cai J, Zhang L. Micro-Nanostructured Polyaniline Assembled in Cellulose Matrix via Interfacial Polymerization for Applications in Nerve Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:17090-7. [PMID: 27314673 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Conducting polymers have emerged as frontrunners to be alternatives for nerve regeneration, showing a possibility of the application of polyaniline (PANI) as the nerve guidance conduit. In the present work, the cellulose hydrogel was used as template to in situ synthesize PANI via the limited interfacial polymerization method, leading to one conductive side in the polymer. PANI sub-micrometer dendritic particles with mean diameter of ∼300 nm consisting of the PANI nanofibers and nanoparticles were uniformly assembled into the cellulose matrix. The hydrophobic PANI nanoparticles were immobilized in the hydrophilic cellulose via the phytic acid as "bridge" at presence of water through hydrogen bonding interaction. The PANI/cellulose composite hydrogels exhibited good mechanical properties and biocompatibility as well as excellent guiding capacity for the sciatic nerve regeneration of adult Sprague-Dawley rats without any extra treatment. On the basis of the fact that the pure cellulose hydrogel was an inert material for the neural repair, PANI played an indispensable role on the peripheral nerve regeneration. The hierarchical micro-nanostructure and electrical conductivity of PANI could remarkably induce the adhesion and guiding extension of neurons, showing its great potential in biomedical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Honglian Dai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology , Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yixia Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology , Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
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45
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Jaymand M, Sarvari R, Abbaszadeh P, Massoumi B, Eskandani M, Beygi-Khosrowshahi Y. Development of novel electrically conductive scaffold based on hyperbranched polyester and polythiophene for tissue engineering applications. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:2673-84. [PMID: 27325453 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel electrically conductive scaffold containing hyperbranched aliphatic polyester (HAP), polythiophene (PTh), and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) for regenerative medicine application was succesfully fabricated via electrospinning technique. For this purpose, the HAP (G4; fourth generation) was synthesized via melt polycondensation reaction from tris(methylol)propane and 2,2-bis(methylol)propionic acid (bis-MPA). Afterward, the synthesized HAP was functionalized with 2-thiopheneacetic acid in the presence of N,N-dicyclohexyl carbodiimide, and N-hydroxysuccinimide as coupling agent and catalyst, respectively, to afford a thiophene-functionalized G4 macromonomer. This macromonomer was subsequently used in chemical oxidation copolymerization with thiophene monomer to produce a star-shaped PTh with G4 core (G4-PTh). The solution of the G4-PTh, and PCL was electrospun to produce uniform, conductive, and biocompatible nanofibers. The conductivity, hydrophilicity, and mechanical properties of these nanofibers were investigated. The biocompatibility of the electrospun nanofibers were evaluated by assessing the adhesion and proliferation of mouse osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cell line and in vitro degradability to demonstrate their potential uses as a tissue engineering scaffold. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 2673-2684, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Jaymand
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 51656-65811, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Raana Sarvari
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, P.O. BOX: 19395-3697, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Parisa Abbaszadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, P.O. BOX: 19395-3697, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Bakhshali Massoumi
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, P.O. BOX: 19395-3697, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Morteza Eskandani
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 51656-65811, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Younes Beygi-Khosrowshahi
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Laboratory, Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box: 51335-1996, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran.,Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, P.O. Box: 53751-71379, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
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46
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Hakim JS, Esmaeili Rad M, Grahn PJ, Chen BK, Knight AM, Schmeichel AM, Isaq NA, Dadsetan M, Yaszemski MJ, Windebank AJ. Positively Charged Oligo[Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Fumarate] Scaffold Implantation Results in a Permissive Lesion Environment after Spinal Cord Injury in Rat. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 21:2099-114. [PMID: 25891264 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Positively charged oligo[poly(ethylene glycol) fumarate] (OPF+) scaffolds loaded with Schwann cells bridge spinal cord injury (SCI) lesions and support axonal regeneration in rat. The regeneration achieved is not sufficient for inducing functional recovery. Attempts to increase regeneration would benefit from understanding the effects of the scaffold and transplanted cells on lesion environment. We conducted morphometric and stereological analysis of lesions in rats implanted with OPF+ scaffolds with or without loaded Schwann cells 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 weeks after thoracic spinal cord transection. No differences were found in collagen scarring, cyst formation, astrocyte reactivity, myelin debris, or chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) accumulation. However, when scaffold-implanted animals were compared with animals with transection injuries only, these barriers to regeneration were significantly reduced, accompanied by increased activated macrophages/microglia. This distinctive and regeneration permissive tissue reaction to scaffold implantation was independent of Schwann cell transplantation. Although the tissue reaction was beneficial in the short term, we observed a chronic fibrotic host response, resulting in scaffolds surrounded by collagen at 8 weeks. This study demonstrates that an appropriate biomaterial scaffold improves the environment for regeneration. Future targeting of the host fibrotic response may allow increased axonal regeneration and functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Hakim
- 1 Mayo Clinic College of Medicine , Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,2 Mayo Graduate School , Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Peter J Grahn
- 2 Mayo Graduate School , Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Bingkun K Chen
- 3 Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew M Knight
- 3 Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Nasro A Isaq
- 2 Mayo Graduate School , Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Mahrokh Dadsetan
- 1 Mayo Clinic College of Medicine , Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,4 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Michael J Yaszemski
- 1 Mayo Clinic College of Medicine , Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,4 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota.,5 Center for Regenerative Medicine , Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anthony J Windebank
- 1 Mayo Clinic College of Medicine , Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,3 Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota.,5 Center for Regenerative Medicine , Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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47
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Zhou Y, Zhao J, Sun X, Li S, Hou X, Yuan X, Yuan X. Rapid Gelling Chitosan/Polylysine Hydrogel with Enhanced Bulk Cohesive and Interfacial Adhesive Force: Mimicking Features of Epineurial Matrix for Peripheral Nerve Anastomosis. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:622-30. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Zhou
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of
Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of
Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaolei Sun
- Department
of Orthopedic Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Sidi Li
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of
Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xin Hou
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of
Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xubo Yuan
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of
Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yuan
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of
Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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48
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Gustafson CT, Boakye-Agyeman F, Brinkman CL, Reid JM, Patel R, Bajzer Z, Dadsetan M, Yaszemski MJ. Controlled Delivery of Vancomycin via Charged Hydrogels. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146401. [PMID: 26760034 PMCID: PMC4711919 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Surgical site infection (SSI) remains a significant risk for any clean orthopedic surgical procedure. Complications resulting from an SSI often require a second surgery and lengthen patient recovery time. The efficacy of antimicrobial agents delivered to combat SSI is diminished by systemic toxicity, bacterial resistance, and patient compliance to dosing schedules. We submit that development of localized, controlled release formulations for antimicrobial compounds would improve the effectiveness of prophylactic surgical wound antibiotic treatment while decreasing systemic side effects. Our research group developed and characterized oligo(poly(ethylene glycol)fumarate) / sodium methacrylate (OPF/SMA) charged copolymers as biocompatible hydrogel matrices. Here, we report the engineering of this copolymer for use as an antibiotic delivery vehicle in surgical applications. We demonstrate that these hydrogels can be efficiently loaded with vancomycin (over 500 μg drug per mg hydrogel) and this loading mechanism is both time- and charge-dependent. Vancomycin release kinetics are shown to be dependent on copolymer negative charge. In the first 6 hours, we achieved as low as 33.7% release. In the first 24 hours, under 80% of total loaded drug was released. Further, vancomycin release from this system can be extended past four days. Finally, we show that the antimicrobial activity of released vancomycin is equivalent to stock vancomycin in inhibiting the growth of colonies of a clinically derived strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. In summary, our work demonstrates that OPF/SMA hydrogels are appropriate candidates to deliver local antibiotic therapy for prophylaxis of surgical site infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl T. Gustafson
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Felix Boakye-Agyeman
- Pharmacometrics Center, Duke Clinical Research Institute (DCRI), Durham, North Carolina 27705, United States of America
| | - Cassandra L. Brinkman
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, United States of America
| | - Joel M. Reid
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, United States of America
| | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, United States of America
| | - Zeljko Bajzer
- Division of Biomathematics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, United States of America
- Division of Biomathematics, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, United States of America
| | - Mahrokh Dadsetan
- Division of Orthopaedic Research, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Yaszemski
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, United States of America
- Division of Orthopaedic Research, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, United States of America
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49
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Mawad D, Lauto A, Wallace GG. Conductive Polymer Hydrogels. POLYMERIC HYDROGELS AS SMART BIOMATERIALS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-25322-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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50
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Green R, Abidian MR. Conducting Polymers for Neural Prosthetic and Neural Interface Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:7620-37. [PMID: 26414302 PMCID: PMC4681501 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201501810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Neural-interfacing devices are an artificial mechanism for restoring or supplementing the function of the nervous system, lost as a result of injury or disease. Conducting polymers (CPs) are gaining significant attention due to their capacity to meet the performance criteria of a number of neuronal therapies including recording and stimulating neural activity, the regeneration of neural tissue and the delivery of bioactive molecules for mediating device-tissue interactions. CPs form a flexible platform technology that enables the development of tailored materials for a range of neuronal diagnostic and treatment therapies. In this review, the application of CPs for neural prostheses and other neural interfacing devices is discussed, with a specific focus on neural recording, neural stimulation, neural regeneration, and therapeutic drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rylie Green
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mohammad Reza Abidian
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Materials Science & Engineering Department, Chemical Engineering Department, Materials Research Institute, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 (USA)
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