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Solhi L, Guccini V, Heise K, Solala I, Niinivaara E, Xu W, Mihhels K, Kröger M, Meng Z, Wohlert J, Tao H, Cranston ED, Kontturi E. Understanding Nanocellulose-Water Interactions: Turning a Detriment into an Asset. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1925-2015. [PMID: 36724185 PMCID: PMC9999435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Modern technology has enabled the isolation of nanocellulose from plant-based fibers, and the current trend focuses on utilizing nanocellulose in a broad range of sustainable materials applications. Water is generally seen as a detrimental component when in contact with nanocellulose-based materials, just like it is harmful for traditional cellulosic materials such as paper or cardboard. However, water is an integral component in plants, and many applications of nanocellulose already accept the presence of water or make use of it. This review gives a comprehensive account of nanocellulose-water interactions and their repercussions in all key areas of contemporary research: fundamental physical chemistry, chemical modification of nanocellulose, materials applications, and analytical methods to map the water interactions and the effect of water on a nanocellulose matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Solhi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Valentina Guccini
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Katja Heise
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Iina Solala
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Elina Niinivaara
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland.,Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Wenyang Xu
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland.,Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, TurkuFI-20500, Finland
| | - Karl Mihhels
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Marcel Kröger
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Zhuojun Meng
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland.,Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou325001, China
| | - Jakob Wohlert
- Wallenberg Wood Science Centre (WWSC), Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Han Tao
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Emily D Cranston
- Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1Z4, Canada.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Eero Kontturi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
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2
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Wang B, Qiu S, Chen Z, Hu Y, Shi G, Zhuo H, Zhang H, Zhong L. Assembling nanocelluloses into fibrous materials and their emerging applications. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 299:120008. [PMID: 36876760 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanocelluloses, derived from various plants or specific bacteria, represent the renewable and sophisticated nano building blocks for emerging functional materials. Especially, the assembly of nanocelluloses as fibrous materials can mimic the structural organization of their natural counterparts to integrate various functions, thus holding great promise for potential applications in various fields, such as electrical device, fire retardance, sensing, medical antibiosis, and drug release. Due to the advantages of nanocelluloses, a variety of fibrous materials have been fabricated with the assistance of advanced techniques, and their applications have attracted great interest in the past decade. This review begins with an overview of nanocellulose properties followed by the historical development of assembling processes. There will be a focus on assembling techniques, including traditional methods (wet spinning, dry spinning, and electrostatic spinning) and advanced methods (self-assembly, microfluidic, and 3D printing). In particular, the design rules and various influencing factors of assembling processes related to the structure and function of fibrous materials are introduced and discussed in detail. Then, the emerging applications of these nanocellulose-based fibrous materials are highlighted. Finally, some perspectives, key opportunities, and critical challenges on future research trends within this field are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Shuting Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Zehong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yijie Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Ge Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Hao Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Huili Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China.
| | - Linxin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
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3
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Holocellulosic fibers and nanofibrils using peracetic acid pulping and sulfamic acid esterification. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 295:119902. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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4
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Nakayama H, Kezuka S, Morita Y, Kitamura T, Takamura E, Sakamoto H. Preparing a pore-size-controlled TEMPO oxidized cellulose nanofiber substrate for enzyme immunoassay applications. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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Yamaguchi A, Nakayama H, Morita Y, Sakamoto H, Kitamura T, Hashimoto M, Suye SI. Enhanced and Prolonged Activity of Enzymes Adsorbed on TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibers. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:18826-18830. [PMID: 32775884 PMCID: PMC7408217 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNs) have a width of about 4 nm and a very large specific surface area. TOCN is a negatively charged bionanomaterial having carboxy groups on the surface and promising physical properties. In particular, TOCN can be used as an adsorbent for biomolecules for biotechnological applications, but the adsorption behavior of biomolecules on the TOCN surface requires investigation. Thus, in this study, we investigated the adsorption behavior of pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (PQQ-GDH) on TOCN and evaluated the activity, structure, and long-term stability of the adsorbed enzyme. Transmission electron microscopy observation revealed that the enzyme was aligned and adsorbed on the TOCNs, and circular dichroism measurements were used to determine the structure of the enzyme adsorbed on TOCN. Interestingly, the adsorbed enzyme showed higher activity after adsorption, resulting in long-term retention of enzyme activity, probably because the stability of PQQ-GDH was improved by adsorption. These results suggest that TOCN is an excellent biomolecule immobilization material. Our results can be used for the development of biomaterials using TOCN as a scaffold for the adsorption of enzymes with increased stability and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Yamaguchi
- Frontier
Fiber Technology and Science, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo 3-9-1, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Haruna Nakayama
- Frontier
Fiber Technology and Science, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo 3-9-1, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Yuko Morita
- DKS
Co., Ltd., 5 Ogawara-cho, Kisshoin, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8391, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sakamoto
- Frontier
Fiber Technology and Science, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo 3-9-1, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Takeo Kitamura
- DKS
Co., Ltd., 5 Ogawara-cho, Kisshoin, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8391, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hashimoto
- DKS
Co., Ltd., 5 Ogawara-cho, Kisshoin, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8391, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Suye
- Frontier
Fiber Technology and Science, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo 3-9-1, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
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Effects of non-solvents and electrolytes on the formation and properties of cellulose I filaments. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16691. [PMID: 31723231 PMCID: PMC6854096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Coagulation is a critical process in the assembly of cellulose nanofibrils into filaments by wet spinning; however, so far, the role of the coagulation solvent has not been systematically elucidated in this context. This work considers organic non-solvents (ethanol, acetone) and aqueous electrolyte solutions (NaCl(aq), HCl(aq), CaCl2(aq)) for the coagulation of negatively charged cellulose nanofibrils via wet spinning. The associated mechanisms of coagulation with such non-solvents resulted in different spinnability, coagulation and drying time. The properties of the achieved filaments varied depending strongly on the coagulant used: filaments obtained from electrolytes (using Ca2+ and H+ as counterions) demonstrated better water/moisture stability and thermomechanical properties. In contrast, the filaments formed from organic non-solvents (with Na+ as counterions) showed high moisture sorption and low hornification when subjected to cycles of high and low humidity (dynamic vapor sorption experiments) and swelled extensively upon immersion in water. Our observations highlight the critical role of counter-ions and non-solvents in filament formation and performance. Some of the fundamental aspects are further revealed by using quartz crystal microgravimetry with model films of nanocelluloses subjected to the respective solvent exchange.
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Yamaguchi A, Sakamoto H, Kitamura T, Hashimoto M, Suye SI. Structure retention of proteins interacting electrostatically with TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber surface. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 183:110392. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Marks C, Mitsos A, Viell J. Change of C(2)-Hydrogen–Deuterium Exchange in Mixtures of EMIMAc. J SOLUTION CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-019-00899-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Atalla RH, Atalla RS, Agarwal UP. The Nanostructures of Native Celluloses, Their Transformations upon Isolation, and Their Implications for Production of Nanocelluloses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2017-1251.ch001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajai H. Atalla
- Cellulose Sciences International, 510 Charmany Drive, Ste. 259, Madison, Wisconsin 53719, United States
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Forest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, 1 Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53726, United States
| | - Rowan S. Atalla
- Cellulose Sciences International, 510 Charmany Drive, Ste. 259, Madison, Wisconsin 53719, United States
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Forest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, 1 Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53726, United States
| | - Umesh P. Agarwal
- Cellulose Sciences International, 510 Charmany Drive, Ste. 259, Madison, Wisconsin 53719, United States
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Forest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, 1 Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53726, United States
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11
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Preparation of biobased wrinkled surfaces via lignification-mimetic reactions and drying: a new approach for developing surface wrinkling. Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2017.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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12
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Khanjani P, Väisänen S, Lovikka V, Nieminen K, Maloney T, Vuorinen T. Assessing the reactivity of cellulose by oxidation with 4-acetamido-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxo-piperidinium cation under mild conditions. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 176:293-298. [PMID: 28927611 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.08.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The accessibility and reactivity of cellulose are key parameters in its conversion into various products. Several indirect measures, such as water retention value (WRV), fiber saturation point (FSP) and specific surface area (SSA), are often used to characterize cellulosic samples for their reactivity. In this paper, we report on using oxidation with 4-acetamido-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxo-piperidinium cation (4-AcNH-TEMPO+) as a probe reaction for the reactivity of cellulose in mild conditions (pH 9, room temperature). 4-AcNH-TEMPO+ is able to selectively convert hydroxymethyl groups into carboxylate groups. The time dependence of the conversion was monitored by iodometric quantification of the residual 4-AcNH-TEMPO+. Soluble substrates, such as 1-propanol and maltose, were quantitatively oxidized in ca. 1min while 3-16% of cellulose was oxidized in ca. 15min depending on its origin. Extrapolation of the slow residual oxidation to zero time allowed quantification of the easily reactive or accessible cellulose. The 4-AcNH-TEMPO+ reactivity was correlated with several pulp characteristics, including WRV, FSP, SSA, chemical composition, crystallinity, the pulping process and the drying history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Khanjani
- Aalto University, School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland.
| | - Saija Väisänen
- Aalto University, School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Ville Lovikka
- Aalto University, School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Kaarlo Nieminen
- Aalto University, School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Thad Maloney
- Aalto University, School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Tapani Vuorinen
- Aalto University, School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
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13
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Izawa H, Okuda N, Moriyama A, Miyazaki Y, Ifuku S, Morimoto M, Saimoto H. Biobased Wrinkled Surfaces Induced by Wood Mimetic Skins upon Drying: Effect of Mechanical Properties on Wrinkle Morphology. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:12799-12804. [PMID: 27934515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We previously developed biobased wrinkled surfaces based on wood mimetic skins in which microscopic wrinkles were fabricated on a chitosan film by immersion in a phenolic acid solution, horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed surface reaction, and drying. Here, we prepared a diverse range of wrinkled films by immersion treatment at 30, 40, 50, and 60 °C in p-coumaric acid and then investigated the correlation between wrinkle morphology and mechanical properties. Wrinkle wavelengths gradually decreased as the immersion temperature increased as well as the previous report. In order to clarify the mechanisms responsible for the different wrinkle morphologies, the films were subjected to elastic moduli measurement and GPC analysis after immersion treatment. These experiments provided evidence that the chitosan around the film surface decomposed along with the immersion process. The decomposition was accelerated by higher immersion temperature, suggesting that higher temperatures led to the formation of softer skins, inducing smaller wrinkles. In fact, wrinkle morphologies with this system were predominately determined by the hardness of the wood mimetic skins. This phenomenon is consistent with the fundamentals of surface wrinkling in nature. This study is the first to demonstrate that artificial wrinkling triggered by water evaporation can be controlled by precise control of the surface hardness of soft material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Izawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University , 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
| | - Noriko Okuda
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University , 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
| | - Arisu Moriyama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University , 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
| | - Yuka Miyazaki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University , 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ifuku
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University , 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
| | - Minoru Morimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University , 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Saimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University , 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
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Strength and Water Interactions of Cellulose I Filaments Wet-Spun from Cellulose Nanofibril Hydrogels. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30695. [PMID: 27465828 PMCID: PMC4964603 DOI: 10.1038/srep30695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels comprising cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) were used in the synthesis of continuous filaments via wet-spinning. Hydrogel viscosity and spinnability, as well as orientation and strength of the spun filaments, were found to be strongly affected by the osmotic pressure as determined by CNF surface charge and solid fraction in the spinning dope. The tensile strength, Young’s modulus and degree of orientation (wide-angle X-ray scattering, WAXS) of filaments produced without drawing were 297 MPa, 21 GPa and 83%, respectively, which are remarkable values. A thorough investigation of the interactions with water using dynamic vapour sorption (DVS) experiments revealed the role of sorption sites in the stability of the filaments in wet conditions. DVS analysis during cycles of relative humidity (RH) between 0 and 95% revealed major differences in water uptake by the filaments spun from hydrogels of different charge density (CNF and TEMPO-oxidised CNF). It is concluded that the mechanical performance of filaments in the presence of water deteriorates drastically by the same factors that facilitate fibril alignment and, consequently, enhance dry strength. For the most oriented filaments, the maximum water vapour sorption at 95% RH was 39% based on dry weight.
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15
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Reishofer D, Spirk S. Deuterium and Cellulose: A Comprehensive Review. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2015_321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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16
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Guo H, He M, Huang R, Qi W, Guo W, Su R, He Z. Changes in the supramolecular structures of cellulose after hydrolysis studied by terahertz spectroscopy and other methods. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08314h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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17
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Atalla R, Crowley M, Himmel M, Atalla R. Irreversible transformations of native celluloses, upon exposure to elevated temperatures. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 100:2-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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18
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Pönni R, Galvis L, Vuorinen T. Changes in accessibility of cellulose during kraft pulping of wood in deuterium oxide. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 101:792-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Viell J, Harwardt A, Seiler J, Marquardt W. Is biomass fractionation by Organosolv-like processes economically viable? A conceptual design study. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 150:89-97. [PMID: 24157680 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.09.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the conceptual designs of the established Organosolv process and a novel biphasic, so-called Organocat process are developed and analyzed. Solvent recycling and energy integration are emphasized to properly assess economic viability. Both processes show a similar energy consumption (approximately 5 MJ/kg(dry biomass)). However, they still show a lack of economic attractiveness even at larger scale. The Organocat process is more favorable due to more efficient lignin separation. The analysis uncovers the remaining challenges toward an economically viable design. They largely originate from by-products formation, product isolation, and solvent recycling. Necessary improvements in process chemistry, equipment design, energy efficiency and process design are discussed to establish economically attractive Organosolv-like processes of moderate capacity as a building block of a future biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörn Viell
- Aachener Verfahrenstechnik - Process Systems Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Turmstr. 46, 52064 Aachen, Germany
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20
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Accessibility of cellulose: Structural changes and their reversibility in aqueous media. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 93:424-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Bubner P, Plank H, Nidetzky B. Visualizing cellulase activity. Biotechnol Bioeng 2013; 110:1529-49. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.24884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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22
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Koga H, Saito T, Kitaoka T, Nogi M, Suganuma K, Isogai A. Transparent, Conductive, and Printable Composites Consisting of TEMPO-Oxidized Nanocellulose and Carbon Nanotube. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:1160-5. [DOI: 10.1021/bm400075f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Koga
- Department of Biomaterials Sciences,
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Tsuguyuki Saito
- Department of Biomaterials Sciences,
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takuya Kitaoka
- Department of Agro-environmental
Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Masaya Nogi
- The Institute of Scientific and
Industrial Research, Osaka University,
8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Katsuaki Suganuma
- The Institute of Scientific and
Industrial Research, Osaka University,
8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Akira Isogai
- Department of Biomaterials Sciences,
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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23
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Bendi R, Imae T. Renewable catalyst with Cu nanoparticles embedded into cellulose nano-fiber film. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42689k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Koga H, Azetsu A, Tokunaga E, Saito T, Isogai A, Kitaoka T. Topological loading of Cu(i) catalysts onto crystalline cellulose nanofibrils for the Huisgen click reaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm15661j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Achieving shape memory: Reversible behaviors of cellulose-PU blends in wet-dry cycles. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.36292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Yin Y, Berglund L, Salmén L. Effect of Steam Treatment on the Properties of Wood Cell Walls. Biomacromolecules 2010; 12:194-202. [DOI: 10.1021/bm101144m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yafang Yin
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-10044, Sweden, and Innventia, Box 5604, Stockholm, SE-11486, Sweden
| | - Lars Berglund
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-10044, Sweden, and Innventia, Box 5604, Stockholm, SE-11486, Sweden
| | - Lennart Salmén
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-10044, Sweden, and Innventia, Box 5604, Stockholm, SE-11486, Sweden
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