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Varvařovská L, Kudrna P, Sopko B, Jarošíková T. The Development of a Specific Nanofiber Bioreceptor for Detection of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus from Air. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:234. [PMID: 38785708 PMCID: PMC11117719 DOI: 10.3390/bios14050234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Polluted air and the presence of numerous airborne pathogens affect our daily lives. The sensitive and fast detection of pollutants and pathogens is crucial for environmental monitoring and effective medical diagnostics. Compared to conventional detection methods (PCR, ELISA, metabolic tests, etc.), biosensors bring a very attractive possibility to detect chemicals and organic particles with the mentioned reliability and sensitivity in real time. Moreover, by integrating nanomaterials into the biosensor structure, it is possible to increase the sensitivity and specificity of the device significantly. However, air quality monitoring could be more problematic even with such devices. The greatest challenge with conservative and sensing methods for detecting organic matter such as bacteria is the need to use liquid samples, which slows down the detection procedure and makes it more difficult. In this work, we present the development of a polyacrylonitrile nanofiber bioreceptor functionalized with antibodies against bacterial antigens for the specific interception of bacterial cells directly from the air. We tested the presented novel nanofiber bioreceptor using a unique air filtration system we had previously created. The prepared antibody-functionalized nanofiber membranes for air filtration and pathogen detection (with model organisms E. coli and S. aureus) show a statistically significant increase in bacterial interception compared to unmodified nanofibers. Creating such a bioreceptor could lead to the development of an inexpensive, fast, sensitive, and incredibly selective bionanosensor for detecting bacterial polluted air in commercial premises or medical facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leontýna Varvařovská
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic; (P.K.); (T.J.)
| | - Petr Kudrna
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic; (P.K.); (T.J.)
| | - Bruno Sopko
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, University Centre for Energy Efficient Buildings, Czech Technical University in Prague, 273 43 Buštěhrad, Czech Republic;
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biomedical Biochemistry, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 150 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Taťána Jarošíková
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic; (P.K.); (T.J.)
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2
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Pan B, El-Moghazy AY, Norwood M, Nitin N, Sun G. Rapid and Ultrasensitive Colorimetric Biosensors for Onsite Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Fluids. ACS Sens 2024; 9:912-922. [PMID: 38320289 PMCID: PMC10897931 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
This study presents a breakthrough in the field of onsite bacterial detection, offering an innovative, rapid, and ultrasensitive colorimetric biosensor for the detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7, using chemically modified melamine foam (MF). Different from conventional platforms, such as 96-well plates and fiber-based membranes, the modified MF features a macroporous reticulated three-dimensional (3D) framework structure, allowing fast and free movement of large biomolecules and bacteria cells through the MF structure in every direction and ensuring good accessibility of entire active binding sites of the framework structure with the target bacteria, which significantly increased sensitive and volume-responsive detection of whole-cell bacteria. The biosensing platform requires less than 1.5 h to complete the quantitative detection with a sensitivity of 10 cfu/mL, discernible by the naked eye, and an enhanced sensitivity of 5 cfu/mL with the help of a smartphone. Following a short enrichment period of 1 h, the sensitivity was further amplified to 2 cfu/mL. The biosensor material is volume responsive, making the biosensing platform sensitivity increase as the volume of the sample increases, and is highly suitable for testing large-volume fluid samples. This novel material paves the way for the development of volume-flexible biosensing platforms for the record-fast, onsite, selective, and ultrasensitive detection of various pathogenic bacteria in real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bofeng Pan
- Biological
and Agricultural Engineering, University
of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Ahmed Y. El-Moghazy
- Department
of Food Science and Technology, University
of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Makela Norwood
- Biological
and Agricultural Engineering, University
of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Nitin Nitin
- Biological
and Agricultural Engineering, University
of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Department
of Food Science and Technology, University
of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Gang Sun
- Biological
and Agricultural Engineering, University
of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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3
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Draz MS, Uning K, Dupouy D, Gijs MAM. Efficient AC electrothermal flow (ACET) on-chip for enhanced immunoassays. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:1637-1648. [PMID: 36644814 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc01147f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biochemical reaction rates in microfluidic systems are known to be limited by the diffusional transport of reagents, leading often to lowered sensitivity and/or longer detection times in immunoassays. Several methods, including electrically powering electrodes to generate AC electrothermal flow (ACET) on-chip, have been adopted to enhance the mass transport of the reagents and improve microfluidic mixing. Here, we report a novel ACET electrode design concept for generating in-plane microfluidic mixing vortices that act over a large volume close to the reaction surface of interest. This is different from the traditional ACET parallel electrode design that provides rather local vertical mixing vortices directly above the electrodes. Both numerical simulation and experimental studies were performed to validate the new design. Moreover, numerical simulation was carried out to show the effects of experimental factors such as the reaction kinetics (association constant) and the reagent concentration on the ACET-enhanced surface-based assays. As a proof of concept, the new design for the ACET-enhanced immunoassays was used to improve the immunostaining signal of the HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) cancer biomarker on breast cancer cells. Finally, the concept of scaling up the design has been validated by experiments (immunoassays on breast cancer cells for different ACET power and different assay times). In particular, we show that larger ACET in-plane designs can agitate and mix the fluid over large microfluidic volumes, which further enhances the immunoassay's output. We have achieved a 6-times enhancement in the assay signal with a 75% reduction in assay time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muaz S Draz
- Laboratory of Microsystems 2, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Lunaphore Technologies SA, CH-1131 Tolochenaz, Switzerland
| | - Kevin Uning
- Laboratory of Microsystems 2, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Diego Dupouy
- Lunaphore Technologies SA, CH-1131 Tolochenaz, Switzerland
| | - Martin A M Gijs
- Laboratory of Microsystems 2, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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4
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Szczerska M, Wityk P, Listewnik P. Impact of temperature on optical sensing in biology based on investigation of SARS-CoV-2. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202200186. [PMID: 36153308 PMCID: PMC9537954 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present an investigation of the influence of the temperature on the sensing of biological samples. We used biofunctionalized microsphere-based fiber-optic sensor to detect immunoglobulin G attached to the sensor head at temperatures relevant in biological research: 5°C, 25°C, and 55°C. The construction of the sensor allowed us to perform measurements in the small amount of solution. The results of our experiment confirm substantial changes in the measured reflected optical power, indicating the need to control the temperature during such measurements. The sensitivity of the sensor used in this research is 8.82 nW/°C. Coefficient R was also calculated and it equals 0.998, which shows good fit between theoretical linear fit and obtained measured data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Szczerska
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and InformaticsGdańsk University of TechnologyGdańskPoland
| | - Paweł Wityk
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and PharmacodynamicsMedical University of GdańskGdańskPoland
| | - Paulina Listewnik
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and InformaticsGdańsk University of TechnologyGdańskPoland
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5
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Electrochemical microfluidic paper-based analytical devices for tumor marker detection. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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6
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Hong D, Jo EJ, Jung C, Kim MG. Absorption-Modulated SiO 2@Au Core-Satellite Nanoparticles for Highly Sensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein in Lateral Flow Immunosensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:45189-45200. [PMID: 36191048 PMCID: PMC9578370 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) highlights the need for rapid, simple, and accurate tests to detect various variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The antigen test, based on the lateral flow immunoassay (LFI), is a suitable "first line of defense" test that enables early identification and timely isolation of patients to minimize viral transmission among communities. However, it is generally less accurate than nucleic acid testing, and its sensitivity needs improvement. Here, a novel rapid detection method is designed to sensitively detect SARS-CoV-2 using isolated gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-assembled SiO2 core-satellite nanoparticles (SiO2@Au CSNPs). Well-grown AuNP satellites in the synthesis of SiO2@Au CSNPs significantly enhanced their light absorption, increased the detection sensitivity, and lowered the detection limit by 2 orders of magnitude relative to conventional gold colloids. The proposed system enabled highly sensitive detection of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein with a detection limit of 0.24 pg mL-1 within 20 min. This is the first study to develop a highly sensitive antigen test using the absorption-modulated SiO2@Au CSNPs. Our findings demonstrate the capacity of this platform to serve as an effective sensing strategy for managing pandemic conditions and preventing the spread of viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chaewon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, School of
Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute
of Science & Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, School of
Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute
of Science & Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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7
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Samsonova JV, Saushkin NY, Osipov AP. Dried Blood Spots technology for veterinary applications and biological investigations: technical aspects, retrospective analysis, ongoing status and future perspectives. Vet Res Commun 2022; 46:655-698. [PMID: 35771305 PMCID: PMC9244892 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-022-09957-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Dried Blood Spots (DBS) technology has become a valuable tool in medical studies, however, in veterinary and biological research DBS technology applications are still limited. Up-to-date no review has comprehensively integrated all the evidence existing across the fields, technologies and animal species. In this paper we summarize the current applications of DBS technology in the mentioned areas, and provide a scope of different types of dried sample carriers (cellulose and non-cellulose), sampling devices, applicable methods for analyte extraction and detection. Mammals, birds, insects and other species are represented as the study objects. Besides the blood, the review considers a variety of specimens, such as milk, saliva, tissue samples and others. The main applications of dried samples highlighted in the review include epidemiological surveys and monitoring for infections agents or specific antibodies for disease/vaccination control in households and wildlife. Besides the genetic investigations, the paper describes detection of environmental contaminants, pregnancy diagnosis and many other useful applications of animal dried samples. The paper also analyses dried sample stability and storage conditions for antibodies, viruses and other substances. Finally, recent developments and future research for DBS technology in veterinary medicine and biological sciences are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne V Samsonova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
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8
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McClements J, Bar L, Singla P, Canfarotta F, Thomson A, Czulak J, Johnson RE, Crapnell RD, Banks CE, Payne B, Seyedin S, Losada-Pérez P, Peeters M. Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles Enable Rapid, Reliable, and Robust Point-of-Care Thermal Detection of SARS-CoV-2. ACS Sens 2022; 7:1122-1131. [PMID: 35416035 PMCID: PMC9016778 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rapid antigen tests are currently used for population screening of COVID-19. However, they lack sensitivity and utilize antibodies as receptors, which can only function in narrow temperature and pH ranges. Consequently, molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) are synthetized with a fast (2 h) and scalable process using merely a tiny SARS-CoV-2 fragment (∼10 amino acids). The nanoMIPs rival the affinity of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies under standard testing conditions and surpass them at elevated temperatures or in acidic media. Therefore, nanoMIP sensors possess clear advantages over antibody-based assays as they can function in various challenging media. A thermal assay is developed with nanoMIPs electrografted onto screen-printed electrodes to accurately quantify SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Heat transfer-based measurements demonstrate superior detection limits compared to commercial rapid antigen tests and most antigen tests from the literature for both the alpha (∼9.9 fg mL-1) and delta (∼6.1 fg mL-1) variants of the spike protein. A prototype assay is developed, which can rapidly (∼15 min) validate clinical patient samples with excellent sensitivity and specificity. The straightforward epitope imprinting method and high robustness of nanoMIPs produce a SARS-CoV-2 sensor with significant commercial potential for population screening, in addition to the possibility of measurements in diagnostically challenging environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake McClements
- School
of Engineering, Newcastle University, Merz Court, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Laure Bar
- Experimental
Soft Matter and Thermal Physics (EST) Group, Department of Physics, Université Libré de Bruxelles, Boulevard du Triomphe CP223, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Pankaj Singla
- School
of Engineering, Newcastle University, Merz Court, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Canfarotta
- MIP
Diagnostics Ltd., The Exchange Building, Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Thomson
- MIP
Diagnostics Ltd., The Exchange Building, Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna Czulak
- MIP
Diagnostics Ltd., The Exchange Building, Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, United Kingdom
| | - Rhiannon E. Johnson
- MIP
Diagnostics Ltd., The Exchange Building, Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, United Kingdom
| | - Robert D. Crapnell
- Faculty
of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan
University, John Dalton
Building, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
| | - Craig E. Banks
- Faculty
of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan
University, John Dalton
Building, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
| | - Brendan Payne
- Department
of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1
4LP, United Kingdom
- Translational
and Clinical Research Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Shayan Seyedin
- School
of Engineering, Newcastle University, Merz Court, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Losada-Pérez
- Experimental
Soft Matter and Thermal Physics (EST) Group, Department of Physics, Université Libré de Bruxelles, Boulevard du Triomphe CP223, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Marloes Peeters
- School
of Engineering, Newcastle University, Merz Court, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
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9
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Resmi PE, Suneesh PV, Ramachandran T, Babu TGS. Paper based micro/nanofluidics devices for biomedical applications. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 186:159-190. [PMID: 35033283 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This chapter details the significance, fabrication and biomedical applications of paper-based microfluidic devices. The first part of the chapter describes the importance of paper diagnostic devices, highlighting pretreatment, dipsticks, lateral flow assays, and microPADs. Various methods followed for the fabrication of the paper analytical devices are discussed in the second part. The last part is about some of the important biomedical applications of paper analytical devices. Finally, the challenges and research gaps in the paper microfluidics for biomedical applications are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- P E Resmi
- Amrita Biosensor Research Lab, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
| | - P V Suneesh
- Amrita Biosensor Research Lab, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India; Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
| | - T Ramachandran
- Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
| | - T G Satheesh Babu
- Amrita Biosensor Research Lab, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India; Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India.
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10
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Ding Y, Li X, Gao Q, Dong X, Kong L, Han S, Zhang T, He L. A paper-based ELISA for rapid sensitive determination of anaphylaxis-related MRGPRX2 in human peripheral blood. Anal Biochem 2021; 633:114392. [PMID: 34597615 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) has recently been reported to be associated with anaphylaxis. Detection of MRGPRX2 levels in human peripheral blood might serve as a powerful tool for predicting the predisposition of patients to anaphylactic reactions. For rapid measurement of MRGPRX2, we established a paper-based double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using mouse monoclonal antibody and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labelled rabbit polyclonal antibody as capture antibody and detection antibody, respectively. We avoided chemical functionalization of the cellulose paper by introducing bovine serum albumin (BSA) to provide COOH and NH2 groups for covalent immobilization of the capture antibody. Through amide condensation, a two-layer immobilization strategy was applied with BSA-BSA and BSA-capture antibody networks as the first and second layers, respectively. This strategy improved the quantity, activity and stability of the immobilized antibody. We then established a paper-based ELISA to detect MRGPRX2 in human peripheral blood. Our method is less laborious, easier to implement, and more cost-effective than conventional ELISA, while offering similar sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Therefore, it could serve as an innovative clinical point-of-care diagnostic tool, especially in areas that lack advanced clinical equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Qingpeng Gao
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Xinyan Dong
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Liyun Kong
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Shengli Han
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Langchong He
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
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11
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Teodoro KBR, Sanfelice RC, Migliorini FL, Pavinatto A, Facure MHM, Correa DS. A Review on the Role and Performance of Cellulose Nanomaterials in Sensors. ACS Sens 2021; 6:2473-2496. [PMID: 34182751 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sensors and biosensors play a key role as an analytical tool for the rapid, reliable, and early diagnosis of human diseases. Such devices can also be employed for monitoring environmental pollutants in air and water in an expedited way. More recently, nanomaterials have been proposed as an alternative in sensor fabrication to achieve gains in performance in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, and portability. In this direction, the use of cellulose nanomaterials (CNM), such as cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), and bacterial cellulose (BC), has experienced rapid growth in the fabrication of varied types of sensors. The advantageous properties are related to the supramolecular structures that form the distinct CNM, their biocompatibility, and highly reactive functional groups that enable surface functionalization. The CNM can be applied as hydrogels and xerogels, thin films, nanopapers and other structures interesting for sensor design. Besides, CNM can be combined with other materials (e.g., nanoparticles, enzymes, carbon nanomaterials, etc.) and varied substrates to advanced sensors and biosensors fabrication. This review explores recent advances on CNM and composites applied in the fabrication of optical, electrical, electrochemical, and piezoelectric sensors for detecting analytes ranging from environmental pollutants to human physiological parameters. Emphasis is given to how cellulose nanomaterials can contribute to enhance the performance of varied sensors as well as expand novel sensing applications, which could not be easily achieved using standard materials. Finally, challenges and future trends on the use of cellulose-based materials in sensors and biosensors are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelcilene B. R. Teodoro
- Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture, Embrapa Instrumentação, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafaela C. Sanfelice
- Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Alfenas, Rodovia José Aurélio Vilela, 11999, BR 267, Km 533, CEP 37715-400, Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda L. Migliorini
- Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture, Embrapa Instrumentação, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Pavinatto
- Scientific and Technological Institute of Brazil University, 235 Carolina Fonseca Street, São Paulo 08230-030, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Murilo H. M. Facure
- Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture, Embrapa Instrumentação, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- PPGQ, Department of Chemistry, Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel S. Correa
- Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture, Embrapa Instrumentação, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- PPGQ, Department of Chemistry, Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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12
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Paper based analytical devices for blood grouping: a comprehensive review. Biomed Microdevices 2021; 23:34. [PMID: 34213635 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-021-00569-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The clinical importance of blood group (BG) antigens is related to their ability to induce immune antibodies that can cause hemolysis. Yet, ABO and D (Rh) are still considered to be the key antigens for healthy blood transfusion and secondary antigens are the next priority. Serological typing is the most widely used typing method. Rapid and accurate blood grouping plays an important role in some clinical conditions, rather than conventional techniques. Hence, developing a simple and economical model for rapid blood grouping would facilitate these tests. In recent decades, paper-based microfluidics such as μPADs has gained much interest in wide application areas such as point-of-care diagnostic. In this study, we evaluated μPADs that are performed for blood grouping and its recent progress. A comprehensive literature search was performed using databases including PUBMED, SCOPUS, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Keywords were blood grouping or typing, paper analytical device, rapid test, etc. After investigation of search results, 16 papers from 2010 to 2020 were included. Further information in detail was classified in Table 1. Generally, two principles for blood typing μPADs are introduced. The lateral chromatographic flow method and the vertical flow-through method that detects BG in a visual-based manner. To detect results with acceptable clarity many factors and challenges like paper, blood sample, buffer, Ab and RBC interaction and also μPADs stability need to be considered, which are discussed. In conclusion, the simplicity, stability, cheapness, portability and biocompatibility of μPADs for blood grouping confirming its utility and also they have the capability to robust, universal blood-grouping platform. Table 1 Summary of blood grouping tests using paper-based analytical devices Antigens Type of diagnosis Validation method Sample No Accuracy Action time Paper type Stability Sample dilution Buffer Ref A, B, Rh Forward volunteers records 5 - - Whatman No. 4 - 1/2 PBS* (Khan et al. 2010) A, B, Rh Forward gel assay test and conventional slide test 100 100% 1 min Whatman No. 4 and Kleeenex paper towel 7 Days in 4 °C 1/1 NSS (Al-Tamimi et al. 2012) A, B, Rh Forward gel card assay 99 100% 20 Sec + Washing Kleeenex paper towel - 1/1 NSS (Li et al. 2012) A, B, Rh Forward - - - - Kleeenex paper towel - 45/100 PSS (Li et al. 2013) A, B, Rh Forward gel card assay 98 100% 1.5 min Kleeenex paper towel - 85/100 PBS (Guan et al. 2014b) C, E, c, e, K, Jka, Jkb, M, N, S, P1, and Lea Forward gel card assay 266 100% - Kleeenex paper towel - 1/1 NSS (Li et al. 2014b) A, B, Rh Forward and Reverse conventional slide test 96 ≈ 91% 10 min Whatman No. 1 21 Days in 4 °C 1/2 NSS (Noiphung et al. 2015) C, c, E, e, K, k, Fya, Fyb, Jka, Jkb, M, N, S and s, P1, Lea and Leb Forward - 478 - - Kleeenex paper towel - 1/1 NSS, PBS (Then et al. 2015) A, B Forward and Reverse conventional slide test 76 100% 5-8 min Whatman No. 4 38 Days in 4 °C 1/4, 1/1 NSS (Songjaroen and Laiwattanapaisal 2016) D, K Forward volunteers records 210 - 7.5 min Kleenex paper towel - 1/1 NSS (Yeow et al. 2016) A, B, c, e, D, C, E, M, N, S, s, P1, Jka, Jkb, Lea, Leb, Fya, and Fyb Forward and Reverse gel card assay 3550 ≈100% 30 s Fiber glass and cotton linter 180 Days in 25 °C 45/100, 1/1 PBS (Zhang et al. 2017) A, B Forward conventional slide test 598 100% 3 min Whatman No. 113 14 Day in 4 °C 1/1 NSS (Songjaroen et al. 2018) A, B, Rh Forward conventional slide test - - 30 Sec + Washing Unrefined sisal paper - 1/2 NSS (Casals-Terré et al. 2019) A, B, Rh Forward - - - - Whatman No.1 - 1/1 NSS (Ansari et al. 2020) ABO & Rh Forward and Reverse conventional slide test - 100% Unrefined Eucalyptus papers - 1/2 NSS, PBS (Casals-Terré et al. 2020) A, B, Rh Forward - - - 30 Sec + Washing Whatman No. 4 modified with chitosan ≥ 100 days in 25 °C 1/1 NSS (Parween et al. 2020) *phosphate buffer saline, normal saline solution.
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Calabretta MM, Zangheri M, Calabria D, Lopreside A, Montali L, Marchegiani E, Trozzi I, Guardigli M, Mirasoli M, Michelini E. Paper-Based Immunosensors with Bio-Chemiluminescence Detection. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:4309. [PMID: 34202483 PMCID: PMC8271422 DOI: 10.3390/s21134309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Since the introduction of paper-based analytical devices as potential diagnostic platforms a few decades ago, huge efforts have been made in this field to develop systems suitable for meeting the requirements for the point-of-care (POC) approach. Considerable progress has been achieved in the adaptation of existing analysis methods to a paper-based format, especially considering the chemiluminescent (CL)-immunoassays-based techniques. The implementation of biospecific assays with CL detection and paper-based technology represents an ideal solution for the development of portable analytical devices for on-site applications, since the peculiarities of these features create a unique combination for fitting the POC purposes. Despite this, the scientific production is not paralleled by the diffusion of such devices into everyday life. This review aims to highlight the open issues that are responsible for this discrepancy and to find the aspects that require a focused and targeted research to make these methods really applicable in routine analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Maddalena Calabretta
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Zangheri
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Donato Calabria
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Antonia Lopreside
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Montali
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Marchegiani
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Ilaria Trozzi
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Massimo Guardigli
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for Renewable Sources, Environment, Sea and Energy (CIRI FRAME), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Mara Mirasoli
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for Renewable Sources, Environment, Sea and Energy (CIRI FRAME), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
- INBB, Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Via Medaglie d’Oro, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Michelini
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- INBB, Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Via Medaglie d’Oro, 00136 Rome, Italy
- Health Sciences and Technologies-Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HST-ICIR), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Brilhante-da-Silva N, de Oliveira Sousa RM, Arruda A, Dos Santos EL, Marinho ACM, Stabeli RG, Fernandes CFC, Pereira SDS. Camelid Single-Domain Antibodies for the Development of Potent Diagnosis Platforms. Mol Diagn Ther 2021; 25:439-456. [PMID: 34146333 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-021-00533-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The distinct biophysical and pharmaceutical properties of camelid single-domain antibodies, referred to as VHHs or nanobodies, are associated with their nanometric dimensions, elevated stability, and antigen recognition capacity. These biomolecules can circumvent a number of diagnostic system limitations, especially those related to the size and stability of conventional immunoglobulins currently used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and point-of-care, electrochemical, and imaging assays. In these formats, VHHs are directionally conjugated to different molecules, such as metallic nanoparticles, small peptides, and radioisotopes, which demonstrates their comprehensive versatility. Thus, the application of VHHs in diagnostic systems range from the identification of cancer cells to the detection of degenerative disease biomarkers, viral antigens, bacterial toxins, and insecticides. The improvements of sensitivity and specificity are among the central benefits resulting from the use of VHHs, which are indispensable parameters for high-quality diagnostics. Therefore, this review highlights the main biotechnological advances related to camelid single-domain antibodies and their use in in vitro and in vivo diagnostic approaches for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nairo Brilhante-da-Silva
- Laboratório de Engenharia de Anticorpos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Unidade Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, 76812-245, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, IOC, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rosa Maria de Oliveira Sousa
- Laboratório de Engenharia de Anticorpos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Unidade Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Andrelisse Arruda
- Laboratório de Engenharia de Anticorpos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Unidade Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Eliza Lima Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Engenharia de Anticorpos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Unidade Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Anna Carolina Machado Marinho
- Plataforma de Desenvolvimento de Anticorpos e Nanocorpos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Ceará, Eusebio, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Guerino Stabeli
- Plataforma Bi-institucional de Medicina Translacional.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Freire Celedonio Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, IOC, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Plataforma de Desenvolvimento de Anticorpos e Nanocorpos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Ceará, Eusebio, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Soraya Dos Santos Pereira
- Laboratório de Engenharia de Anticorpos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Unidade Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, 76812-245, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, IOC, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Porto Velho, Brazil.
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Hristov D, Rijal H, Gomez-Marquez J, Hamad-Schifferli K. Developing a Paper-Based Antigen Assay to Differentiate between Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 Spike Variants. Anal Chem 2021; 93:7825-7832. [PMID: 34037382 PMCID: PMC8171108 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 first appeared in December of 2019 in Wuhan, China. Since then, it has become a global pandemic. A robust and scalable diagnostics strategy is crucial for containing and monitoring the pandemic. RT-PCR is a known, reliable method for COVID-19 diagnostics, which can differentiate between SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses. However, PCR is location-dependent, time-consuming, and relatively expensive. Thus, there is a need for a more flexible method, which may be produced in an off-the-shelf format and distributed more widely. Paper-based immunoassays can fulfill this function. Here, we present the first steps toward a paper-based test, which can differentiate between different spike proteins of various coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, and CoV-HKU1, with negligible cross-reactivity for HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-229E in a single assay, which takes less than 30 min. Furthermore, our test can distinguish between fractions of the same spike protein. This is done by an altered assay design with four test line locations where each antigen builds a unique, identifiable binding pattern. The effect of several factors, such as running media, immunoprobe concentration, and antigen interference, is considered. We find that running media has a significant effect on the final binding pattern where human saliva provides results while human serum leads to the lowest signal quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delyan Hristov
- Department
of Engineering, University of Massachusetts
Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Hom Rijal
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts
Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Jose Gomez-Marquez
- Little
Devices Lab, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kimberly Hamad-Schifferli
- Department
of Engineering, University of Massachusetts
Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
- School
for the Environment, University of Massachusetts
Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
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Mouliou DS, Gourgoulianis KI. False-positive and false-negative COVID-19 cases: respiratory prevention and management strategies, vaccination, and further perspectives. Expert Rev Respir Med 2021; 15:993-1002. [PMID: 33896332 PMCID: PMC8074645 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1917389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: A novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was reported via nucleic acid identification in December, 2019. Accuracy of SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic assays has emerged as a major barrier to COVID-19 diagnosis, particularly in cases requiring urgent or emergent treatment. Areas covered: In this review, we explore the major reasons for false-positive and false-negative SARS-CoV-2 test results. How clinical characteristics, specific respiratory comorbidities and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination impact on existing diagnostic assays are highlighted. Different COVID-19 management algorithms based on each test and limitations are thoroughly presented. Expert opinion: The diagnostic accuracy and the capacity of every available assay, which need to be interpreted in the light of the background incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the communities in which they are used, are essential in order to minimize the number of falsely tested cases. Automated testing platforms may enhance diagnostic accuracy by minimizing the potential for human error in assays’ performance. Prior immunization against SARS-CoV-2 impairs the utility of serologic testing of suspected COVID-19 cases. Future avenues of research to evaluate lung tissue innate immune responses hold promise as a target for research to optimize SARS-CoV-2 and future infections’ testing accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra S Mouliou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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17
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Frimpong R, Jang W, Kim JH, Driskell JD. Rapid vertical flow immunoassay on AuNP plasmonic paper for SERS-based point of need diagnostics. Talanta 2021; 223:121739. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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18
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Application of a microfluidic paper-based bioimmunosensor with laser-induced fluorescence detection in the determination of alpha-fetoprotein from serum of hepatopaths. Talanta 2021; 221:121660. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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19
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Parween S, Bhatnagar I, Bhosale S, Paradkar S, Michael IJ, Rao CM, Asthana A. Cross-linked chitosan biofunctionalized paper-based microfluidic device towards long term stabilization of blood typing antibodies. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1233-1239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Hong D, Jo EJ, Kim K, Song MB, Kim MG. Ru(bpy) 32+ -Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Electrochemiluminescent Probes of a Lateral Flow Immunosensor for Highly Sensitive and Quantitative Detection of Troponin I. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2004535. [PMID: 33048467 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The lateral flow immunosensor (LFI) is a widely used diagnostic tool for biomarker detection; however, its sensitivity is often insufficient for analyzing targets at low concentrations. Here, an electrochemiluminescent LFI (ECL-LFI) is developed for highly sensitive detection of troponin I (TnI) using Ru(bpy)32+ -loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (RMSNs). A large amount of Ru(bpy)32+ is successfully loaded into the mesoporous silica nanoparticles with excellent loading capacity and shows strong ECL signals in reaction to tripropylamine. Antibody-immobilized RMSNs are applied to detect TnI by fluorescence and ECL analysis after a sandwich immunoassay on the ECL-LFI strip. The ECL-LFI enables the highly sensitive detection of TnI-spiked human serum within 20 min at femtomolar levels (≈0.81 pg mL-1 ) and with a wide dynamic range (0.001-100 ng mL-1 ), significantly outperforming conventional fluorescence detection (>3 orders of magnitude). Furthermore, TnI concentrations in 35 clinical serum samples across a low range (0.01-48.31 ng mL-1 ) are successfully quantified with an excellent linear correlation (R2 = 0.9915) using a clinical immunoassay analyzer. These results demonstrate the efficacy of this system as a high-performance sensing strategy capable of capitalizing on future point-of-care testing markets for biomolecule detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donggu Hong
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Jo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihyeun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun-Beom Song
- INGIbio Co. Ltd., R&D Center, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), 206, APRI, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
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21
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Kim Y, Ding H, Zheng Y. Enhancing Surface Capture and Sensing of Proteins with Low-Power Optothermal Bubbles in a Biphasic Liquid. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:7020-7027. [PMID: 32667815 PMCID: PMC7572762 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Molecular binding in surface-based biosensing is inherently governed by diffusional transport of molecules in solution to surface-immobilized counterparts. Optothermally generated surface microbubbles can quickly accumulate solutes at the bubble-liquid-substrate interface due to high-velocity fluid flows. Despite its potential as a concentrator, however, the incorporation of bubbles into protein-based sensing is limited by high temperatures. Here, we report a biphasic liquid system, capable of generating microbubbles at a low optical power/temperature by formulating PFP as a volatile, water-immiscible component in the aqueous host. We further exploited zwitterionic surface modification to prevent unwanted printing during bubble generation. In a single protein-protein interaction model, surface binding of dispersed proteins to capture proteins was enhanced by 1 order of magnitude within 1 min by bubbles, compared to that from static incubation for 30 min. Our proof-of-concept study exploiting fluid formulation and optothermal add-on paves an effective way toward improving the performances of sensors and spectroscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngsun Kim
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Hongru Ding
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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Bridarolli A, Odlyha M, Nechyporchuk O, Holmberg K, Ruiz-Recasens C, Bordes R, Bozec L. Evaluation of the Adhesion and Performance of Natural Consolidants for Cotton Canvas Conservation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:33652-33661. [PMID: 30149696 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b10727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in paper and canvas conservation have seen the introduction of nanocellulose (NC) as a compatible treatment for the consolidation of historical cellulosic artifacts and manuscripts. However, as part of the assessment of these new materials for canvas consolidation, the adhesion of the consolidation treatment (which takes place between the applied material and the substrate) has not yet been evaluated, and as a result, it is poorly understood by both the scientific and conservation communities. After evaluating the potential of NC treatments for the consolidation of cotton painting canvas, we investigate a route to promote the interaction between the existing canvas and the nanocellulose treatment, which is in our case made of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF). This was carried out by introducing a cationic polymer, polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin (PAAE), as an intermediate layer between the canvas and the CNF. The morphological, chemical, and mechanical evaluation of the canvas samples at different relative humidity (RH) levels demonstrated how the adhesion of the added PAAE layer is a dominant factor in the consolidation process. Improvement in the coating of canvas single fibers by the CNF, higher adhesion energy between the canvas fibers and the CNF treatment, and finally overall stronger canvas reinforcement were observed following the introduction of PAAE. However, an increase in mechanical response to moisture sorption and desorption was also observed for the PAAE-treated canvases. Overall, this study shows the complexity of such systems and, as such, the relevance of using a multiscale approach for their assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marianne Odlyha
- Department of Biological Sciences , Birkbeck College , Malet Street, Bloomsbury , London WC1E 7HX , U.K
| | - Oleksandr Nechyporchuk
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology , 412 96 , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Krister Holmberg
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology , 412 96 , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Cristina Ruiz-Recasens
- Arts and Conservation Department, Fine Arts Faculty , University of Barcelona , C/Pau Gargallo, 4 , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Romain Bordes
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology , 412 96 , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Laurent Bozec
- UCL Eastman Dental Institute , 256 Grays Inn Road , London WC1X 8LD , U.K
- Faculty of Dentistry , University of Toronto , 124 Edward Street , Toronto , ON M5G 1X3 , Canada
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Henderson CA, McLiesh H, Then WL, Garnier G. Activity and Longevity of Antibody in Paper-Based Blood Typing Diagnostics. Front Chem 2018; 6:193. [PMID: 29900168 PMCID: PMC5988841 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Paper-based diagnostics provide a low-cost, reliable and easy to use mode of blood typing. The shelf-life of such products, however, can be limited due to the reduced activity of reagent antibodies sorbed on the paper cellulose fibers. This study explores the effects of aging on antibody activity for periods up to 12 months on paper and in solution under different aging and drying conditions-air-dried, lyophilized, and kept as a liquid. Paper kept wet with undiluted antibody is shown to have the longest shelf-life and the clearest negatives. Antibody diluted with bovine serum albumin (BSA) protects against the lyophilization process, however, beyond 9 months aging, false positives are seen. Paper with air-dried antibodies is not suitable for use after 1 month aging. These results inform preparation and storage conditions for the development of long shelf-life blood grouping paper-based diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare A Henderson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Heather McLiesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Whui L Then
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Haemokinesis Pty Ltd., Hallam, VIC, Australia
| | - Gil Garnier
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bioresource Processing Research Institute of Australia, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Paper and Fiber-Based Bio-Diagnostic Platforms: Current Challenges and Future Needs. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/app7080863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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25
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Huang Z, Gengenbach T, Tian J, Shen W, Garnier G. The role of polyaminoamide-epichlorohydrin (PAE) on antibody longevity in bioactive paper. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 158:197-202. [PMID: 28692875 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Paper has been used to engineer many types of bio-diagnostics. A major issue to most paper-based bio-diagnostics is the biomolecule instability causing the short shelf-life of the diagnostics. Commercial papers contain various polymeric additives. Polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin (PAE), a polyelectrolyte typically used as wet-strength agent, is commonly used in filter papers and paper towels, which are often used as substrate in bioactive paper. However, the effect of cellulose or polymeric additives on antibody bioactivity is unknown. This limits paper optimization for diagnostic applications. In this study, model papers were made with and without PAE addition. IgM Anti-A blood typing antibody was physisorbed and dried on paper, aged for up to 9 weeks at different relative humidity (RH) conditions and the antibody activity was measured. The antibody bioactivity was represented as blood typing efficiency measured by image analysis. The surface chemical composition was measured using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Antibody bioactivity loss was promoted by elevated RH, corresponding to increased paper water content. PAE significantly reduces the paper water content under ambient environment. Antibody bioactivity is higher on paper made with PAE under the high humidity conditions (57.6%-84.3% RH). However, under conditions of humidity saturation (100%RH), PAE shows little effect on reducing paper water content nor on protecting antibody bioactivity. These results demonstrate the water content of paper to be associated with antibody bioactivity loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Huang
- BioPRIA, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Australia
| | | | - Junfei Tian
- BioPRIA, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Australia
| | - Wei Shen
- BioPRIA, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Australia
| | - Gil Garnier
- BioPRIA, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Australia.
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26
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Cao R, Tian W, Shen W. Polysaccharides as protectants for paper-based analytical devices with antibody. Talanta 2017; 165:357-363. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.12.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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27
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Nilghaz A, Guan L, Tan W, Shen W. Advances of Paper-Based Microfluidics for Diagnostics—The Original Motivation and Current Status. ACS Sens 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Nilghaz
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Liyun Guan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Weirui Tan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Wei Shen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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28
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Miller EA, Traxlmayr MW, Shen J, Sikes HD. Activity-based assessment of an engineered hyperthermophilic protein as a capture agent in paper-based diagnostic tests. MOLECULAR SYSTEMS DESIGN & ENGINEERING 2016; 1:377-381. [PMID: 28451464 PMCID: PMC5403157 DOI: 10.1039/c6me00032k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Antibodies have traditionally served as the affinity reagents of choice in point-of-care diagnostic biosensors. However, this class of proteins is not ideally suited for this use, being poorly characterized and prone to thermal denaturation. Here, we present an activity-based assessment of an alternative engineered binding protein in a cellulose-based assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Miller
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - M W Traxlmayr
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - J Shen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - H D Sikes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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29
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Zhu H, Luo W, Ciesielski PN, Fang Z, Zhu JY, Henriksson G, Himmel ME, Hu L. Wood-Derived Materials for Green Electronics, Biological Devices, and Energy Applications. Chem Rev 2016; 116:9305-74. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 876] [Impact Index Per Article: 109.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Zhu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Wei Luo
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Peter N. Ciesielski
- Biosciences
Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Zhiqiang Fang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - J. Y. Zhu
- Forest
Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, Madison, Wisconsin 53726, United States
| | - Gunnar Henriksson
- Division
of Wood Chemistry and Pulp Technology, Department of Fiber and Polymer
Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael E. Himmel
- Biosciences
Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Liangbing Hu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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30
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Zhao C, Liu X. A portable paper-based microfluidic platform for multiplexed electrochemical detection of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus antibodies in serum. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2016; 10:024119. [PMID: 27158287 PMCID: PMC4833732 DOI: 10.1063/1.4945311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a portable paper-based microfluidic platform for multiplexed electrochemical detection of antibody markers of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in serum samples. To our best knowledge, this is the first paper-based electrochemical immunosensing platform, with multiplexing and telemedicine capabilities, for diagnosing HIV/HCV co-infection. The platform consists of an electrochemical microfluidic paper-based immunosensor array (E-μPIA) and a handheld multi-channel potentiostat, and is capable of performing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays simultaneously on eight samples within 20 min (using a prepared E-μPIA). The multiplexing feature of the platform allows it to produce multiple measurement data for HIV and HCV markers from a single run, and its wireless communication module can transmit the results to a remote site for telemedicine. The unique integration of paper-based microfluidics and mobile instrumentation renders our platform portable, low-cost, user-friendly, and high-throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C3, Canada
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C3, Canada
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) are important for the detection of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). There are many laboratories to detect it in their routine work, but their performance is not displayed in China. To examine the performance of ACPA assays from all laboratories, it is necessary to organize a laboratory proficiency test (PT). METHODS A panel of 5 samples, including 4 positive and 1 negative, was produced by the National Center for Clinical Laboratories, using serum derived from patients, then distributed to 271 clinical laboratories. Quantitative and qualitative results reported by the participating laboratories were compared. RESULTS Overall, 80.97% (200/247) of the laboratories had eligible PT scores. Of the kits used, most ELISA and chemiluminescence kits had a high sensitivity and specificity. Regarding intra-assay discrepancy, the Roche and Abbott kit had a better variable coefficient. The ratios of the quantitative results to the kit-specific cut-off values were similar. CONCLUSION Performance varied between laboratories. Reagents and methods are the most important factors. Other factors may affect the intra-assay discrepancy. The similar mean of ratios of the quantitative results to the kit-assigned cut-offs suggests that a national criterion is requisite. It is necessary to organize a PT to identify performances of different laboratories.
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Li J, Rossignol F, Macdonald J. Inkjet printing for biosensor fabrication: combining chemistry and technology for advanced manufacturing. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:2538-58. [PMID: 25953427 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00235d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Inkjet printing is emerging at the forefront of biosensor fabrication technologies. Parallel advances in both ink chemistry and printers have led to a biosensor manufacturing approach that is simple, rapid, flexible, high resolution, low cost, efficient for mass production, and extends the capabilities of devices beyond other manufacturing technologies. Here we review for the first time the factors behind successful inkjet biosensor fabrication, including printers, inks, patterning methods, and matrix types. We discuss technical considerations that are important when moving beyond theoretical knowledge to practical implementation. We also highlight significant advances in biosensor functionality that have been realised through inkjet printing. Finally, we consider future possibilities for biosensors enabled by this novel combination of chemistry and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Inflammation and Healing Research Cluster, Genecology Research Centre, School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD, Australia.
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de Cuadro P, Belt T, Kontturi KS, Reza M, Kontturi E, Vuorinen T, Hughes M. Cross-linking of cellulose and poly(ethylene glycol) with citric acid. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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A paper-based lateral flow assay for morphine. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:5955-65. [PMID: 25023970 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Morphine was used as a model analyte to examine the possibility of using cellulose, physically modified by papermaking and converting techniques, as a capillary matrix in a lateral flow type of diagnostic assay. This research was directed toward low-cost, disposable, and portable paper-based diagnostics, with the aim of addressing the analytical performance of paper as a substrate in the analysis for drugs of abuse. Antibody Fab fragments were used as sensing molecules, and gold nanoparticle detection was employed. Inkjet printing was used to pattern sensing biomolecules as detection zones on paper. To validate the usefulness of paper as a diagnostic platform, the principle of a direct sandwich assay, based on immunocomplex formation between morphine and the anti-morphine Fab fragment and detection of the formed immunocomplex by another Fab fragment, was implemented. Results were compared with that achieved by using nitrocellulose as a reference material. Possible interfering from the sample matrix on assay quality was investigated with spiked oral fluid samples. Under optimized conditions, a visually assessed limit of detection for the sandwich assay was 1 ng/mL, indicating that the paper-based test devices developed in this work can perform screening for drugs of abuse and can fulfill the requirement for a sensitive assay in diagnostically relevant ranges.
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Määttänen A, Fallarero A, Kujala J, Ihalainen P, Vuorela P, Peltonen J. Printed paper-based arrays as substrates for biofilm formation. AMB Express 2014; 4:32. [PMID: 25006538 PMCID: PMC4077624 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-014-0032-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The suitability of paper-based arrays for biofilm formation studies by Staphylococcus aureus is demonstrated. Laboratory-coated papers with different physicochemical properties were used as substrates. The array platform was fabricated by patterning the coated papers with vinyl-substituted polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) -based ink. The affinity of bacteria onto the flexographically printed hydrophobic and smooth PDMS film was very low whereas bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation occurred preferentially on the unprinted areas, i.e. in the reaction arrays. The concentration of the attached bacteria was quantified by determining the viable colony forming unit (CFU/cm2) numbers. The distribution and the extent of surface coverage of the biofilms were determined by atomic force microscopy. In static conditions, the highest bacterial concentration and most highly organized biofilms were observed on substrates with high polarity. On a rough paper surface with low polarity, the biofilm formation was most hindered. Biofilms were effectively removed from a polar substrate upon exposure to (+)-dehydroabietic acid, an anti-biofilm compound.
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Abstract
The immobilization of biomolecules onto cellulose paper turns this environmentally friendly material into a platform for diagnostic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Credou
- CEA Saclay
- IRAMIS
- NIMBE
- LICSEN (Laboratory of Innovation in Surface Chemistry and Nanosciences)
- F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Thomas Berthelot
- CEA Saclay
- IRAMIS
- NIMBE
- LICSEN (Laboratory of Innovation in Surface Chemistry and Nanosciences)
- F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
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37
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Aston EJ, Mayor P, Bowman DD, Mohammed HO, Liotta JL, Kwok O, Dubey JP. Use of filter papers to determine seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among hunted ungulates in remote Peruvian Amazon. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-PARASITES AND WILDLIFE 2013; 3:15-9. [PMID: 24918073 PMCID: PMC4047960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ungulates hunted in remote Peruvian Amazon commonly had T. gondii antibodies.
31.0% of peccaries, 17.1% of brocket deer, and 40.0% of tapir tested seropositive.
A new protocol allows blood extraction from several types of filter paper.
Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, and it is found worldwide. To determine whether ungulates are reservoirs of T. gondii in an isolated and remote region of the northeastern Peruvian Amazon, antibodies to T. gondii were determined in 5 species of ungulates by the modified agglutination test (MAT). These animals were hunted by subsistence hunters along the Yavarí-Mirín River, in the northeastern Peruvian Amazon. Blood samples were collected by hunters on filter papers. For determination of T. gondii antibodies, blood was eluted from filter papers, and a titer of 1:25 was considered indicative of exposure to T. gondii. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 26 (31.0%) peccaries (Pecari tajacu, Tayassu pecari), six (17.1%) brocket deer (Mazama americana, Mazama gouazoubira), and four (40.0%) lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris). We also introduced a modification to the MAT protocol that allows the extraction of fluid samples from several types of laboratory-grade filter paper, thus enabling researchers to easily adapt their approaches to the materials presented to them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Aston
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, S2-009 Schurman Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States ; National Service of Agrarian Health (SENASA), Av. La Molina N° 1915, Lima 12, La Molina, Lima, Peru
| | - Pedro Mayor
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dwight D Bowman
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Vet Medical Center, Room C4-119, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States
| | - Hussni O Mohammed
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, S1-070 Schurman Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States
| | - Janice L Liotta
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Vet Medical Center, Room C4-119, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States
| | - Oliver Kwok
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States
| | - J P Dubey
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States
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Wu G, Srivastava J, Zaman MH. Stability measurements of antibodies stored on paper. Anal Biochem 2013; 449:147-54. [PMID: 24361717 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2013.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Reagent storage has been a long-standing challenge for diagnostics, especially those designed for low-resource settings and point-of-care applications. In general, the stability of a reagent relies on careful temperature control, often by refrigeration, which is costly and often unavailable in these remote settings. Poor reagent integrity can negatively affect the reproducibility and reliability of an assay. Given the recent interest in paper-based devices designed for quantitative analysis in point-of-care settings, a better understanding of reagent stability on filter paper is critical for proper device use and its longevity. In this article, we present an independent method to examine the stability of reconstituted antibodies that were stored on filter paper using flow cytometry. We validated the method by measuring the activity as measured by the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of antibodies stored with known stabilizers. Furthermore, we demonstrated the potential of our method to screen the influence of other paper treatments and storage processes on antibody stability, which may be applicable to the storage of reagents on paper in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jaya Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Muhammad H Zaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Moreau T, Depagne C, Suissa G, Gouzi H, Coradin T. Preparation of aqueous sol-gel silica and titania multi-layered thin films and their evaluation as biomolecular encapsulation hosts. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:1235-1240. [PMID: 32260795 DOI: 10.1039/c2tb00417h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multi-layered silica and titania thin films were prepared via an aqueous sol-gel route. The titania layers could efficiently entrap anti-HRP antibodies and showed increase in stability upon ageing, up to 2 months. Specific activity of the entrapped antibodies could be monitored in a reliable manner over one week. The silica films showed lower performances, as a probable consequence of large pore size. Increase in the titania precursor (TiBALDH) concentration and addition of glycerol allowed the design of tri-enzymatic multi-layered systems for the detection of lactose. The multilayer approach showed higher robustness than the co-immobilization of the enzymes in a single layer. This process is simple, solvent-free and flexible, opening the route to multi-biofunctional materials at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Moreau
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, F-75005 Paris, France.
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