1
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Bexis P, Husband JT, Sardon H, Coulembier O, Dove AP. Stereocomplexed Functional and Statistical Poly(lactide-carbonate)s via a Simple Organocatalytic System. Macromolecules 2024; 57:2287-2294. [PMID: 38495388 PMCID: PMC10938874 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c02485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The stereocomplexation of polylactide (PLA) has been widely relied upon to develop degradable, sustainable materials with increased strength and improved material properties in comparison to stereopure PLA. However, forming functionalized copolymers of PLA while retaining high crystallinity remains elusive. Herein, the controlled ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) of lactide (LA) and functionalized cyclic carbonate monomers is undertaken. The produced polymers are shown to remain crystalline up to 25 mol % carbonate content and are efficiently stereocomplexed with homopolymer PLA and copolymers of opposite chirality. Polymers with alkene and alkyne pendent handles are shown to undergo efficient derivatization with thiol-ene click chemistry, which would allow both the covalent conjugation of therapeutic moieties and tuning of material properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Bexis
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Jonathan T. Husband
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Haritz Sardon
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country
UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari
Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa
72, 20018 Donostia-San
Sebastian, Spain
| | - Olivier Coulembier
- Center
of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Laboratory
of Polymeric and Composite Materials, University
of Mons, Mons B-7000, Belgium
| | - Andrew P. Dove
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
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2
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Liu J, Blosch SE, Volokhova AS, Crater ER, Gallin CF, Moore RB, Matson JB, Byers JA. Using Redox-Switchable Polymerization Catalysis to Synthesize a Chemically Recyclable Thermoplastic Elastomer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317699. [PMID: 38168073 PMCID: PMC10873474 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
In an effort to synthesize chemically recyclable thermoplastic elastomers, a redox-switchable catalytic system was developed to synthesize triblock copolymers containing stiff poly(lactic acid) (PLA) end blocks and a flexible poly(tetrahydrofuran-co-cyclohexene oxide) (poly(THF-co-CHO) copolymer as the mid-block. The orthogonal reactivity induced by changing the oxidation state of the iron-based catalyst enabled the synthesis of the triblock copolymers in a single reaction flask from a mixture of monomers. The triblock copolymers demonstrated improved flexibility compared to poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) and thermomechanical properties that resemble thermoplastic elastomers, including a rubbery plateau in the range of -60 to 40 °C. The triblock copolymers containing a higher percentage of THF versus CHO were more flexible, and a blend of triblock copolymers containing PLLA and poly(d-lactic acid) (PDLA) end-blocks resulted in a stereocomplex that further increased polymer flexibility. Besides the low cost of lactide and THF, the sustainability of this new class of triblock copolymers was also supported by their depolymerization, which was achieved by exposing the copolymers sequentially to FeCl3 and ZnCl2 /PEG under reactive distillation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangwei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Sarah E Blosch
- Department of Chemistry, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Anastasia S Volokhova
- Department of Chemistry, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Erin R Crater
- Department of Chemistry, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Connor F Gallin
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Robert B Moore
- Department of Chemistry, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - John B Matson
- Department of Chemistry, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Jeffery A Byers
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
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3
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Poon KC, Gregory GL, Sulley GS, Vidal F, Williams CK. Toughening CO 2 -Derived Copolymer Elastomers Through Ionomer Networking. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302825. [PMID: 37201907 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing carbon dioxide (CO2 ) to make polycarbonates through the ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) of CO2 and epoxides valorizes and recycles CO2 and reduces pollution in polymer manufacturing. Recent developments in catalysis provide access to polycarbonates with well-defined structures and allow for copolymerization with biomass-derived monomers; however, the resulting material properties are underinvestigated. Here, new types of CO2 -derived thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) are described together with a generally applicable method to augment tensile mechanical strength and Young's modulus without requiring material re-design. These TPEs combine high glass transition temperature (Tg ) amorphous blocks comprising CO2 -derived poly(carbonates) (A-block), with low Tg poly(ε-decalactone), from castor oil, (B-block) in ABA structures. The poly(carbonate) blocks are selectively functionalized with metal-carboxylates where the metals are Na(I), Mg(II), Ca(II), Zn(II) and Al(III). The colorless polymers, featuring <1 wt% metal, show tunable thermal (Tg ), and mechanical (elongation at break, elasticity, creep-resistance) properties. The best elastomers show >50-fold higher Young's modulus and 21-times greater tensile strength, without compromise to elastic recovery, compared with the starting block polymers. They have wide operating temperatures (-20 to 200 °C), high creep-resistance and yet remain recyclable. In the future, these materials may substitute high-volume petrochemical elastomers and be utilized in high-growth fields like medicine, robotics, and electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kam C Poon
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Georgina L Gregory
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Gregory S Sulley
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Fernando Vidal
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Charlotte K Williams
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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4
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Westlie AH, Hesse SA, Tang X, Quinn EC, Parker CR, Takacs CJ, Tassone CJ, Chen EYX. All-Polyhydroxyalkanoate Triblock Copolymers via a Stereoselective-Chemocatalytic Route. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:619-625. [PMID: 37094112 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) homopolymers and statistical copolymers are ubiquitous in microbially produced PHAs, but the step-growth polycondensation mechanism the biosynthesis operates on presents a challenge to access well-defined block copolymers (BCPs), especially higher-order tri-BCP PHAs. Here we report a stereoselective-chemocatalytic route to produce discrete hard-soft-hard ABA all-PHA tri-BCPs based on the living chain-growth ring-opening polymerization of racemic (rac) 8-membered diolides (rac-8DLR; R denotes the two substituents on the ring). Depending on the composition of the soft B block, originated from rac-8DLR (R = Et, nBu), and its ratio to the semicrystalline, high-melting hard A block, derived from rac-8DLMe, the resulting all-PHA tri-BCPs with high molar mass (Mn up to 238 kg mol-1) and low dispersity (Đ = 1.07) exhibit tunable mechanical properties characteristic of a strong and tough thermoplastic, elastomer, or a semicrystalline thermoplastic elastomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea H Westlie
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Sarah A Hesse
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Ethan C Quinn
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Celine R Parker
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Christopher J Takacs
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Christopher J Tassone
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Eugene Y-X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
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5
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Qin KX, Li SS, Xu J, Li ZL, Li ZC, Cheng C. Citronella-based polyesters by organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerization and their recyclable crosslinked films. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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6
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Gregory GL, Sulley GS, Kimpel J, Łagodzińska M, Häfele L, Carrodeguas LP, Williams CK. Block Poly(carbonate-ester) Ionomers as High-Performance and Recyclable Thermoplastic Elastomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210748. [PMID: 36178774 PMCID: PMC9828403 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Thermoplastic elastomers based on polyesters/carbonates have the potential to maximize recyclability, degradability and renewable resource use. However, they often underperform and suffer from the familiar trade-off between strength and extensibility. Herein, we report well-defined reprocessable poly(ester-b-carbonate-b-ester) elastomers with impressive tensile strengths (60 MPa), elasticity (>800 %) and recovery (95 %). Plus, the ester/carbonate linkages are fully degradable and enable chemical recycling. The superior performances are attributed to three features: (1) Highly entangled soft segments; (2) Fully reversible strain-induced crystallization and (3) Precisely placed ZnII -carboxylates dynamically crosslinking the hard domains. The one-pot synthesis couples controlled cyclic monomer ring-opening polymerization and alternating epoxide/anhydride ring-opening copolymerization. Efficient convresion to ionomers is achieved by reacting vinyl-epoxides to install ZnII -carboxylates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina L. Gregory
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Gregory S. Sulley
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Joost Kimpel
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Matylda Łagodzińska
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Lisa Häfele
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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7
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Arkanji A, Ladelta V, Ntetsikas K, Hadjichristidis N. Synthesis and Thermal Analysis of Non-Covalent PS- b-SC- b-P2VP Triblock Terpolymers via Polylactide Stereocomplexation. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122431. [PMID: 35746007 PMCID: PMC9228810 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polylactides (PLAs) are thermoplastic materials known for their wide range of applications. Moreover, the equimolar mixtures of poly(L-Lactide) (PLLA) and poly(D-Lactide) (PDLA) can form stereocomplexes (SCs), which leads to the formation of new non-covalent complex macromolecular architectures. In this work, we report the synthesis and characterization of non-covalent triblock terpolymers of polystyrene-b-stereocomplex PLA-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-SC-b-P2VP). Well-defined ω-hydroxy-PS and P2VP were synthesized by "living" anionic polymerization high-vacuum techniques with sec-BuLi as initiator, followed by termination with ethylene oxide. The resulting PS-OH and P2VP-OH were used as macroinitiators for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of DLA and LLA with Sn(Oct)2 as a catalyst to afford PS-b-PDLA and P2VP-b-PLLA, respectively. SC formation was achieved by mixing PS-b-PDLA and P2VP-b-PLLA chloroform solutions containing equimolar PLAs segments, followed by precipitation into n-hexane. The molecular characteristics of the resulting block copolymers (BCPs) were determined by 1H NMR, size exclusion chromatography, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The formation of PS-b-SC-b-P2VP and the effect of molecular weight variation of PLA blocks on the resulting polymers, were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, and circular dichroism spectroscopies.
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8
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Nishiwaki Y, Masutani K, Kimura Y, Lee C. Synthesis and mechanochemical properties of biobased
ABCBA
‐type pentablock copolymers comprising poly‐
d
‐lactide (A), poly‐
l
‐lactide (B) and poly(1,2‐propylene succinate) (C). JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasumasa Nishiwaki
- Department of Biobased Materials Science Kyoto Institute of Technology Kyoto Japan
| | - Kazunari Masutani
- Center for Fiber and Textile Science Kyoto Institute of Technology Kyoto Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Kimura
- Center for Fiber and Textile Science Kyoto Institute of Technology Kyoto Japan
| | - Chan‐Woo Lee
- Department of Innovative Industrial Technology Hoseo University Asan South Korea
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9
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Gregory GL, Williams CK. Exploiting Sodium Coordination in Alternating Monomer Sequences to Toughen Degradable Block Polyester Thermoplastic Elastomers. Macromolecules 2022; 55:2290-2299. [PMID: 35558439 PMCID: PMC9084597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Thermoplastic
elastomers (TPEs) that are closed-loop recyclable
are needed in a circular material economy, but many current materials
degrade during recycling, and almost all are pervasive hydrocarbons.
Here, well-controlled block polyester TPEs featuring regularly placed
sodium/lithium carboxylate side chains are described. They show significantly
higher tensile strengths than unfunctionalized analogues, with high
elasticity and elastic recovery. The materials are prepared using
controlled polymerizations, exploiting a single catalyst that switches
between different polymerization cycles. ABA block polyesters of high
molar mass (60–100 kg mol–1; 21 wt % A-block)
are constructed using the ring-opening polymerization of ε-decalactone
(derived from castor oil; B-block), followed by the alternating ring-opening
copolymerization of phthalic anhydride with 4-vinyl-cyclohexene oxide
(A-blocks). The polyesters undergo efficient functionalization to
install regularly placed carboxylic acids onto the A blocks. Reacting
the polymers with sodium or lithium hydroxide controls the extent
of ionization (0–100%); ionized polymers show a higher tensile
strength (20 MPa), elasticity (>2000%), and elastic recovery (>80%).
In one case, sodium functionalization results in 35× higher stress
at break than the carboxylic acid polymer; in all cases, changing
the quantity of sodium tunes the properties. A leading sample, 2-COONa75 (Mn 100 kg mol–1, 75% sodium), shows a wide operating temperature range (−52
to 129 °C) and is recycled (×3) by hot-pressing at 200 °C,
without the loss of mechanical properties. Both the efficient synthesis
of ABA block polymers and precision ionization in perfectly alternating
monomer sequences are concepts that can be generalized to many other
monomers, functional groups, and metals. These materials are partly
bioderived and have degradable ester backbone chemistries, deliver
useful properties, and allow for thermal reprocessing; these features
are attractive as future sustainable TPEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina L. Gregory
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Charlotte K. Williams
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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10
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Ladelta V, Ntetsikas K, Zapsas G, Hadjichristidis N. Non-Covalent PS–SC–PI Triblock Terpolymers via Polylactide Stereocomplexation: Synthesis and Thermal Properties. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Viko Ladelta
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST Catalysis Center, Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Konstantinos Ntetsikas
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST Catalysis Center, Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - George Zapsas
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST Catalysis Center, Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nikos Hadjichristidis
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST Catalysis Center, Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Choi J, Ajiro H. Preparation and analyses of stereocomplexes of a polylactide homopolymer and copolymer with poly(ethylene glycol) and urethane capping. Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00564-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Degradable Elastomers: Is There a Future in Tyre Compound Formulation? Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154454. [PMID: 34361606 PMCID: PMC8347236 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Problems related to non-biodegradable waste coming from vulcanized rubber represent one of the pre-eminent challenges for modern society. End-of-life tyres are an important source of this typology of waste and the increasingly high accumulation in the environment has contributed over the years to enhance land and water pollution. Moreover, the release into the environment of non-degradable micro-plastics and other chemicals as an effect of tyre abrasion is not negligible. Many solutions are currently applied to reuse end-of-life tyres as a raw material resource, such as pyrolysis, thermo-mechanical or chemical de-vulcanisation, and finally crumbing trough different technologies. An interesting approach to reduce the environmental impact of vulcanised rubber wastes is represented by the use of degradable thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) in tyre compounds. In this thematic review, after a reviewing fossil fuel-based TPEs, an overview of the promising use of degradable TPEs in compound formulation for the tyre industry is presented. Specifically, after describing the properties of degradable elastomers that are favourable for tyres application in comparison to used ones, the real scenario and future perspectives related to the use of degradable polymers for new tyre compounds will be realized.
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13
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Deacy A, Gregory GL, Sulley GS, Chen TTD, Williams CK. Sequence Control from Mixtures: Switchable Polymerization Catalysis and Future Materials Applications. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10021-10040. [PMID: 34190553 PMCID: PMC8297863 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There is an ever-increasing demand for higher-performing polymeric materials counterbalanced by the need for sustainability throughout the life cycle. Copolymers comprising ester, carbonate, or ether linkages could fulfill some of this demand as their monomer-polymer chemistry is closer to equilibrium, facilitating (bio)degradation and recycling; many monomers are or could be sourced from renewables or waste. Here, an efficient and broadly applicable route to make such copolymers is discussed, a form of switchable polymerization catalysis which exploits a single catalyst, switched between different catalytic cycles, to prepare block sequence selective copolymers from monomer mixtures. This perspective presents the principles of this catalysis, catalyst design criteria, the selectivity and structural copolymer characterization tools, and the properties of the resulting copolymers. Uses as thermoplastic elastomers, toughened plastics, adhesives, and self-assembled nanostructures, and for programmed degradation, among others, are discussed. The state-of-the-art research into both catalysis and products, as well as future challenges and directions, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gregory S. Sulley
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Thomas T. D. Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Charlotte K. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K.
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14
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Kang H, Miao X, Li J, Li D, Fang Q. Synthesis and characterization of biobased thermoplastic polyester elastomers containing Poly(butylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate). RSC Adv 2021; 11:14932-14940. [PMID: 35424025 PMCID: PMC8697829 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00066g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of sustainable and reprocessible thermoplastic polyester elastomers P(BF-PBSS)s were synthesized using dimethyl-2,5-furandicarboxylate, 1,4-butanediol, and synthetic low-molecular-weight biobased polyester (PBSS). The P(BF-PBSS)s contain poly(butylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PBF) as their hard segment and PBSS as their soft segment. The microstructures of the P(BF-PBSS)s were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance, demonstrating that a higher content of the soft segment was incorporated into P(BF-PBSS)s with higher PBSS content. Interestingly, dynamic mechanical analysis indicated that P(BF-PBSS)s comprised two domains: crystalline PBF and a mixture of amorphous PBF and PBSS. Consequently, the microphase separations of P(BF-PBSS)s were mainly induced by the crystallization of their PBF segments. More importantly, the thermal, crystallization, and mechanical properties could be tailored by tuning the PBSS content. Our results indicate that the as-prepared P(BF-PBSS)s are renewable, thermally stable, and nontoxic, and have good tensile properties, indicating that they could be potentially applied in biomedical materials. A series of sustainable and reprocessible thermoplastic polyester elastomers P(BF-PBSS)s were synthesized using dimethyl-2,5-furandicarboxylate, 1,4-butanediol, and synthetic low-molecular-weight biobased polyester (PBSS).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailan Kang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 China .,Key Laboratory for Rubber Elastomer of Liaoning Province, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 China
| | - Xiaoli Miao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 China .,Key Laboratory for Rubber Elastomer of Liaoning Province, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 China
| | - Jiahuan Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 China .,Key Laboratory for Rubber Elastomer of Liaoning Province, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 China
| | - Donghan Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 China .,Key Laboratory for Rubber Elastomer of Liaoning Province, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 China
| | - Qinghong Fang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 China .,Key Laboratory for Rubber Elastomer of Liaoning Province, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 China
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15
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Isono T, Nakahira S, Hsieh HC, Katsuhara S, Mamiya H, Yamamoto T, Chen WC, Borsali R, Tajima K, Satoh T. Carbohydrates as Hard Segments for Sustainable Elastomers: Carbohydrates Direct the Self-Assembly and Mechanical Properties of Fully Bio-Based Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hui-Ching Hsieh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | - Hiroaki Mamiya
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
| | | | - Wen-Chang Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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16
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Preparation of Degradable Polymenthide and Its Elastomers from Biobased Menthide via Organocatalyzed Ring-opening Polymerization and UV Curing. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-020-2415-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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17
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Abstract
The limited source of fossil-fuel and the predominance of petroleum-based chemistry in the manufacturing of commodity polymers has generated tremendous interest in replacing the fossil source-based polymers with renewable counterparts. The field of sustainable elastomers has grown in the past three decades, from a few examples to a plethora of reports in modern polymer science and technology. Applications of elastomers are huge and vital for everyday living. The present review aims to portray a birds-eye view of various sustainable elastomers obtained from the wide family of acyclic terpenes (renewable feedstocks from different plant oils) via various polymerization techniques and their properties, as well as plausible developments in the future applications of sustainable polymers. Not only the homopolymers, but also their copolymers with both green and commercial fossil based comonomers, are reviewed.
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18
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Nishiwaki Y, Masutani K, Kimura Y, Lee C. Controlling the thermomechanical properties of biobased ABA triblock copolymers comprising polylactide (A) and poly(1,2‐propylene succinate) (B) with high molecular weight. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20190192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasumasa Nishiwaki
- Department of Biobased Materials ScienceKyoto Institute of Technology Kyoto Japan
| | - Kazunari Masutani
- Center for Fiber and Textile ScienceKyoto Institute of Technology Kyoto Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Kimura
- Center for Fiber and Textile ScienceKyoto Institute of Technology Kyoto Japan
| | - Chan‐Woo Lee
- Department of Innovative Industrial TechnologyHoseo University Asan Chungnam South Korea
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19
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Jin C, Leng X, Zhang M, Wang Y, Wei Z, Li Y. Fully biobased biodegradable poly(
l
‐lactide)‐
b
‐poly(ethylene brassylate)‐
b
‐poly(
l
‐lactide) triblock copolymers: synthesis and investigation of relationship between crystallization morphology and thermal properties. POLYM INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology Dalian China
| | - Xuefei Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology Dalian China
| | - Manwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology Dalian China
| | - Yanshai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology Dalian China
| | - Zhiyong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology Dalian China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology Dalian China
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20
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Adams F, Pehl TM, Kränzlein M, Kernbichl SA, Kang JJ, Papadakis CM, Rieger B. (Co)polymerization of (−)-menthide and β-butyrolactone with yttrium-bis(phenolates): tuning material properties of sustainable polyesters. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00379d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable thermoplastic elastomers derived from block copolymers of syndiotactic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and poly((−)-menthide) were synthesized via yttrium-mediated ring-opening polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Adams
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Catalysis Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
| | - Thomas M. Pehl
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Catalysis Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
| | - Moritz Kränzlein
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Catalysis Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
| | - Sebastian A. Kernbichl
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Catalysis Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
| | - Jia-Jhen Kang
- Soft Matter Physics Group
- Physics Department
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - Christine M. Papadakis
- Soft Matter Physics Group
- Physics Department
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Catalysis Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Munich
- 85748 Garching
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21
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Stubbs CJ, Worch JC, Prydderch H, Becker ML, Dove AP. Unsaturated Poly(ester-urethanes) with Stereochemically Dependent Thermomechanical Properties. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Connor J. Stubbs
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Joshua C. Worch
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Hannah Prydderch
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Matthew L. Becker
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, 308 Research Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Andrew P. Dove
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K
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22
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Recent advances in thermoplastic elastomers from living polymerizations: Macromolecular architectures and supramolecular chemistry. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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23
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Worch JC, Prydderch H, Jimaja S, Bexis P, Becker ML, Dove AP. Stereochemical enhancement of polymer properties. Nat Rev Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41570-019-0117-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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24
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Isodimorphic aliphatic copolyester as midblock of poly(l-lactide)-based triblock copolymers towards largely enhanced impact toughness. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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Konwar DB, Satapathy BK, Jacob J. Influence of aliphatic polycarbonate middle block on mechanical and microstructural behaviour of triblock copolymers based on poly(l
-lactide) and polycarbonate. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debanga B Konwar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; New Delhi India
| | - Bhabani K Satapathy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; New Delhi India
| | - Josemon Jacob
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; New Delhi India
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26
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Messiha HL, Ahmed ST, Karuppiah V, Suardíaz R, Ascue Avalos GA, Fey N, Yeates S, Toogood HS, Mulholland AJ, Scrutton NS. Biocatalytic Routes to Lactone Monomers for Polymer Production. Biochemistry 2018; 57:1997-2008. [PMID: 29533655 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Monoterpenoids offer potential as biocatalytically derived monomer feedstocks for high-performance renewable polymers. We describe a biocatalytic route to lactone monomers menthide and dihydrocarvide employing Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) from Pseudomonas sp. HI-70 (CPDMO) and Rhodococcus sp. Phi1 (CHMOPhi1) as an alternative to organic synthesis. The regioselectivity of dihydrocarvide isomer formation was controlled by site-directed mutagenesis of three key active site residues in CHMOPhi1. A combination of crystal structure determination, molecular dynamics simulations, and mechanistic modeling using density functional theory on a range of models provides insight into the origins of the discrimination of the wild type and a variant CHMOPhi1 for producing different regioisomers of the lactone product. Ring-opening polymerizations of the resultant lactones using mild metal-organic catalysts demonstrate their utility in polymer production. This semisynthetic approach utilizing a biocatalytic step, non-petroleum feedstocks, and mild polymerization catalysts allows access to known and also to previously unreported and potentially novel lactone monomers and polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Reynier Suardíaz
- Centre for Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , U.K
| | | | - Natalie Fey
- Centre for Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , U.K
| | | | | | - Adrian J Mulholland
- Centre for Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , U.K
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27
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Zhu Y, Radlauer MR, Schneiderman DK, Shaffer MSP, Hillmyer MA, Williams CK. Multiblock Polyesters Demonstrating High Elasticity and Shape Memory Effects. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunqing Zhu
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Madalyn R. Radlauer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Deborah K. Schneiderman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | | | - Marc A. Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Charlotte K. Williams
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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28
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Zhou C, Wei Z, Jin C, Wang Y, Yu Y, Leng X, Li Y. Fully biobased thermoplastic elastomers: Synthesis of highly branched linear comb poly(β-myrcene)-graft-poly(l-lactide) copolymers with tunable mechanical properties. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Gardella L, Mincheva R, De Winter J, Tachibana Y, Raquez JM, Dubois P, Monticelli O. Synthesis, characterization and stereocomplexation of polyamide 11/polylactide diblock copolymers. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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30
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Shen Y, Zhang J, Zhao N, Liu F, Li Z. Preparation of biorenewable poly(γ-butyrolactone)-b-poly(l-lactide) diblock copolyesters via one-pot sequential metal-free ring-opening polymerization. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00389k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Biorenewable block copolyesters were prepared from l-LA and non-polymerizable γBL via a one-pot strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Shen
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
- China
| | - Jinbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials
- Shandong Provincial Education Department
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
| | - Na Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials
- Shandong Provincial Education Department
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
| | - Fusheng Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
- China
| | - Zhibo Li
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials
- Shandong Provincial Education Department
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
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31
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Cao H, Chang X, Mao H, Zhou J, Wu ZL, Shan G, Bao Y, Pan P. Stereocomplexed physical hydrogels with high strength and tunable crystallizability. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:8502-8510. [PMID: 29091097 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01491k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Physical hydrogels crosslinked by non-covalent interactions have attained increasing attention due to their good mechanical properties and processability. However, the use of feasible and controllable non-covalent interactions is highly essential for preparing such hydrogels. In this article, we report on stereocomplexed physical hydrogels prepared by simple casting and swelling of amphiphilic graft copolymers bearing a poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) backbone and poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) or poly(d-lactic acid) (PDLA) stereocomplexable side chains. The microstructure, swelling behavior, and mechanical and shape memory properties of the obtained hydrogels can be tuned by varying the copolymer composition and stereocomplex (SC) crystallization of PLLA/PDLA enantiomeric chains. The long PLLA or PDLA chains segregate to form hydrophobic, crystallized domains in water, serving as physical crosslinking junctions for hydrogels. SC crystallization between PLLA and PDLA further enhances the number density of physical crosslinkers of enantiomerically mixed hydrogels. The SC content increases as the PLLA/PDLA ratio approaches 1/1 in enantiomerically mixed hydrogels. The average distance between crosslinking junctions declines for the hydrogels with a high PLLA (or PDLA) mass fraction (MPLA) and SC content, due to the increased number density of physical crosslinkers. Accordingly, the tensile strength and the Young's modulus increase but the swelling ratio and the elongation-at-break of the hydrogels decrease with an increase in MPLA and SC content. The hydrogels exhibit shape memory behavior; the shape fixing ability is enhanced by the SC crystallization of PLLA/PDLA side chains in the hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heqing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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32
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Shi X, Jing Z, Zhang G, Xu Y, Yao Y. Fully bio-based poly(ɛ-capolactone)/poly(lactide) alternating multiblock supramolecular polymers: Synthesis, crystallization behavior, and properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuetao Shi
- MOE Key Lab of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space; School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University; Xi'an 710072 China
| | - Zhanxin Jing
- MOE Key Lab of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space; School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University; Xi'an 710072 China
| | - Guangcheng Zhang
- MOE Key Lab of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space; School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University; Xi'an 710072 China
| | - Yan Xu
- MOE Key Lab of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space; School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University; Xi'an 710072 China
| | - Yao Yao
- MOE Key Lab of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space; School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University; Xi'an 710072 China
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33
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Jikei M, Yamadoi Y, Suga T, Matsumoto K. Stereocomplex formation of poly(l-lactide)-poly(ε-caprolactone) multiblock copolymers with Poly(d-lactide). POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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34
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Watts A, Kurokawa N, Hillmyer MA. Strong, Resilient, and Sustainable Aliphatic Polyester Thermoplastic Elastomers. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:1845-1854. [PMID: 28467049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) composed of ABA block polymers exhibit a wide variety of properties and are easily processable as they contain physical, rather than chemical, cross-links. Poly(γ-methyl-ε-caprolactone) (PγMCL) is an amorphous polymer with a low entanglement molar mass (Me = 2.9 kg mol-1), making it a suitable choice for tough elastomers. Incorporating PγMCL as the midblock with polylactide (PLA) end blocks (fLA = 0.17) results in TPEs with high stresses and elongations at break (σB = 24 ± 2 MPa and εB = 1029 ± 20%, respectively) and low levels of hysteresis. The use of isotactic PLA as the end blocks (fLLA = 0.17) increases the strength and toughness of the material (σB = 30 ± 4 MPa, εB = 988 ± 30%) due to its semicrystalline nature. This study aims to demonstrate how the outstanding properties in these sustainable materials are a result of the entanglements, glass transition temperature, segment-segment interaction parameter, and crystallinity, resulting in comparable properties to the commercially relevant styrene-based TPEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Watts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States of America
| | - Naruki Kurokawa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States of America
| | - Marc A Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States of America
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35
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Sustainable poly(ε-decalactone)−poly(l-lactide) multiarm star copolymer architectures for thermoplastic elastomers with fixed molar mass and block ratio. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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36
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Abstract
Upon blending enantiomeric poly(l-lactide) [i.e., poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA)] and poly(d-lactide) (PDLA) [i.e., poly(d-lactic acid) (PDLA)] or synthesis of stereo block poly(lactide) [i.e., poly(lactic acid) (PLA)], a stereocomplex (SC) is formed. PLA SC has a higher melting temperature (or heat resistance), mechanical performance, and hydrolysis-resistance compared to those of neat PLLA and PDLA. Because of such effects, PLA SC has been extensively studied in terms of biomedical and pharmaceutical applications as well as commodity, industrial, and environmental applications. Stereocomplexation stabilizes and strengthens PLA-based hydrogel or nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Stereocomplexation increases the barrier property of PLA-based materials and thereby prolongs drug release from PLA based materials. In addition, PLA SC is attracting significant attention because it can act as a nucleating agent for the widely used biobased polymer PLLA and thereby the heat resistance of PLLA-based materials can be enhanced. Interestingly, a wide variety of SCs other than PLA SC are found to have been formed in the enantiomeric substituted PLA blends and stereo block substituted PLA polymers. In the present review article, a decade of progress in investigation of PLA SCs is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Tsuji
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan.
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37
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Li Z, Tan BH, Lin T, He C. Recent advances in stereocomplexation of enantiomeric PLA-based copolymers and applications. Prog Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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38
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Liu S, Zhang X, Li M, Ren X, Tao Y. Precision synthesis of sustainable thermoplastic elastomers from lysine-derived monomers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering; ChangChun University of Technology; Yanan Street 2055 Changchun 130000 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
| | - Maosheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuyan Ren
- College of Chemical Engineering; ChangChun University of Technology; Yanan Street 2055 Changchun 130000 People's Republic of China
| | - Youhua Tao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials; Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
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39
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Fully bio-renewable multiblocks copolymers of poly(lactide) and commercial fatty acid-based polyesters polyols: Synthesis and characterization. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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40
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Masutani K, Kimura Y. Macromolecular design of specialty polylactides by means of controlled copolymerization and stereocomplexation. POLYM INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazunari Masutani
- Center for Fiber and Textile Science; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Hashigami-cho, Matsugasaki Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Kimura
- Center for Fiber and Textile Science; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Hashigami-cho, Matsugasaki Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
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41
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Tsuji H. WITHDRAWN: PLA Stereocomplexes: A Decade of Progress. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016:S0169-409X(16)30009-6. [PMID: 26785171 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Tsuji
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan.
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42
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Qi F, Tang M, Chen X, Chen M, Guo G, Zhang Z. Morphological structure, thermal and mechanical properties of tough poly(lactic acid) upon stereocomplexes. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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43
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Tacha S, Saelee T, Khotasen W, Punyodom W, Molloy R, Worajittiphon P, Meepowpan P, Manokruang K. Stereocomplexation of PLL/PDL–PEG–PDL blends: Effects of blend morphology on film toughness. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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44
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Ding K, John A, Shin J, Lee Y, Quinn T, Tolman WB, Hillmyer MA. High-Performance Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives from Renewable Triblock Copolymers. Biomacromolecules 2015. [PMID: 26214728 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keying Ding
- †Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Polymers, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Alex John
- †Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Polymers, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Jihoon Shin
- †Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Polymers, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Youngmin Lee
- †Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Polymers, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Tom Quinn
- ‡Adherent Laboratories, Inc., 3804 Dunlap Street North, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55112, United States
| | - William B Tolman
- †Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Polymers, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Marc A Hillmyer
- †Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Polymers, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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45
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Phase morphology, crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of poly(L-lactide) toughened with biodegradable polyurethane: Effect of composition and hard segment ratio. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-015-1679-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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46
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Schneiderman DK, Hill EM, Martello MT, Hillmyer MA. Poly(lactide)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone-co-ε-decalactone)-block-poly(lactide) copolymer elastomers. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00202h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The midblock composition of poly(lactide)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone-co-ε-decalactone)-block-poly(lactide) is used to tune block polymer melting point, crystallinity, segregation strength and tensile properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erin M. Hill
- University of Minnesota
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Minneapolis
- USA
| | - Mark T. Martello
- University of Minnesota
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Minneapolis
- USA
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Holmberg AL, Reno KH, Wool RP, Epps TH. Biobased building blocks for the rational design of renewable block polymers. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:7405-7424. [PMID: 25131385 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm01220h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Block polymers (BPs) derived from biomass (biobased) are necessary components of a sustainable future that relies minimally on petroleum-based plastics for applications ranging from thermoplastic elastomers and pressure-sensitive adhesives to blend compatibilizers. To facilitate their adoption, renewable BPs must be affordable, durable, processable, versatile, and reasonably benign. Their desirability further depends on the relative sustainability of the renewable resources and the methods employed in the monomer and polymer syntheses. Various strategies allow these BPs' characteristics to be tuned and enhanced for commercial applications, and many of these techniques also can be applied to manipulate the wide-ranging mechanical and thermal properties of biobased and self-assembling block polymers. From feedstock to application, this review article highlights promising renewable BPs, plus their material and assembly properties, in support of de novo design strategies that could revolutionize material sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela L Holmberg
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA.
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Gardella L, Cavallo D, Colonna S, Fina A, Monticelli O. Novel poly(l
-lactide)/poly(d
-lactide)/poly(tetrahydrofuran) multiblock copolymers with a controlled architecture: Synthesis and characterization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Gardella
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Genova; Via Dodecaneso 31 16146 Genova Italy
| | - Dario Cavallo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Genova; Via Dodecaneso 31 16146 Genova Italy
| | - Samuele Colonna
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia; Politecnico di Torino-sede di Alessandria; viale Teresa Michel 5 15121 Alessandria Italy
| | - Alberto Fina
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia; Politecnico di Torino-sede di Alessandria; viale Teresa Michel 5 15121 Alessandria Italy
| | - Orietta Monticelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Genova; Via Dodecaneso 31 16146 Genova Italy
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Ning Z, Jiang N, Gan Z. Four-armed PCL-b-PDLA diblock copolymer: 1. Synthesis, crystallization and degradation. Polym Degrad Stab 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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50
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Bolton JM, Hillmyer MA, Hoye TR. Sustainable Thermoplastic Elastomers from Terpene-Derived Monomers. ACS Macro Lett 2014; 3:717-720. [PMID: 35590688 DOI: 10.1021/mz500339h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
ABA triblock polymers were prepared by living anionic polymerization of the pinene-derivable monomers α-methyl-p-methylstyrene and myrcene. The resulting thermoplastic elastomers displayed microphase separation at moderate molar mass, an upper service temperature about 70 °C higher than traditional petroleum-derived styrenic thermoplastic elastomers, competitive tensile strengths of up to 10 MPa, impressive ultimate elongations of up to 1300%, and remarkably low energy loss recovery attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M. Bolton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Marc A. Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Thomas R. Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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